Chapter 7 Evaluation of Impacts
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THE PROPOSED PAN ISLAND LINK 1 HIGHWAY PROJECT, PENANG CHAPTER EVALUATION OF IMPACTS 7 7.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter presents the assessment and evaluation of potential environmental impacts due to activities associated with the construction and operation of the PIL1 Highway. This was done based on the information presented in the Project Description (Chapter 5) with respect to the project components and the activities which will be carried out and also on baseline environmental information presented in Chapter 6. The potential significant impacts were derived based on the potential of each project development activity to impact on the equilibrium of the environmental components in the study area (covering physical, chemical, biological and socio-economic elements) with respect to the pre-construction, construction and operations stages.The principal findings from this impact assessment are summarized in the form of an “Impact Matrix”. Subsequently appropriate mitigation measures are recommended for each impact to prevent or to ensure tolerable effects on the local and regional environments. 7.1 IDENTIFICATION AND PREDICTION OF IMPACTS The significance of the activities associated with the development of the PIL1 Project in inducing environmental impacts is generally summarized in the Impact Matrix table shown in Figure 7.1.1. This is a general appraisal of the potential impacts that can be exerted by the PIL 1 Project activities. A more specific description of the potential impacts according to the major project components and project construction activities is presented in Table 7.1.1. 7.1.1 Zone of Impact and Sensitive Receptors The immediate (primary) zone of impact along the linear corridor of the PIL 1 Highway is demarcated as an area extending outwards 250 m on the left side and 250 m on the right side of the ROW boundary of the PIL 1 Highway corridor through any given area in Penang Island. 7 - 1 THE PROPOSED PAN ISLAND LINK 1 HIGHWAY PROJECT, PENANG For secondary impacts, the zone of impact is extends outwards 2000 m on the left side and 2000 m on the right side of the ROW boundary of the PIL 1 Highway corridor. The sensitive receptors are identified as all persons living or working or passing through or performing an act in the Zone of Impact. For the PIL 1 Project support sites (temporary batching plant, casting yards, crusher plants, storage yards, CLQ, and waste disposal areas), the sensitive receptors include all persons living or working or passing through or performing an act within an area 2.0 km circumference from the boundary of the PIL1 Project support site. 7.1.2 Approach for Assessment of Potential Impacts For the purpose of determining the environmental impacts and appropriate mitigation measures as well as for preparing the ESCP/LD-P2M2 and EMP, the whole of the PIL1 alignment is divided into 3 sections as shown in Figure 7.1.2. The division is based on topographical and land use features in the proposed Project alignment. The 3 sections are as follows: Section A covers the length from the Gurney roundabout to the north portal of the first tunnel. This stretch comprise flat to slightly rolling terrain and consists of densely developed and populated areas. Section B covers the length from the first tunnel to the south portal of Tunnel 4 at Sg. Ara. This stretch consists of undulating to hilly areas and is less densely developed with sizeable tracts of forest and scrubland areas. The proposed alignment passes through Penang Hill and skirts around the heavily populated and developed areas in Paya Terubong, Air Hitam and Relau. Section C covers the length from the south portal of Tunnel 4 to the LCE Expressway. This stretch consists of slightly rolling to flat terrain and is densely developed and populated. 7.1.3 Impact Matrix The Impact Matrix for the PIL1 Highway Project is presented in Figure 7.1.1. 7 - 2 THE PROPOSED PAN ISLAND LINK 1 HIGHWAY PROJECT, PENANG Figure 7.1.1. Impact Matrix KEY PROJECT ACTIVITIES PRE 0 Insignificant and excluded from Matrix CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 1 Potential environmental impact but on a temporary basis and will assume equilibrium after certain period of time. 2 Environmental impact that is potentially significant but about which there is insufficient data to make a reliable prediction. Close monitoring and control is recommended. 3 Potentially significant adverse environmental impact for which a design solution has been identified. 4 Residual and significant adverse environmental impact. 5 Significant environmental enhancement ROAD SURVEY SITE INVESTIGATION LAND ACQUISITION ACCESS SITE CLEARING VIADUCT CONSTRUCTION TUNNELLING EXCAVATION & EMBANKMET SUPPORT FACILITIES ABANDONMENT OPERATION EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT ACCIDENTS SPILLS & ROAD MAINTENANCE &HEALTH SAFETY Landforms 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 Soil Profile 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Soil Composition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Slope Stability 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Subsidence and Compaction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Seismicity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LAND Flood Plains / Swamps 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Land Use 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 PHYSICO PHYSICO CHEMICAL Engineering and Mineral Resources 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Buffer Zone ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS ENVIRONMENTAL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 - 3 THE PROPOSED PAN ISLAND LINK 1 HIGHWAY PROJECT, PENANG KEY PROJECT ACTIVITIES PRE 0 Insignificant and excluded from Matrix CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 1 Potential environmental impact but on a temporary basis and will assume equilibrium after certain period of time. 2 Environmental impact that is potentially significant but about which there is insufficient data to make a reliable prediction. Close monitoring and control is recommended. 3 Potentially significant adverse environmental impact for which a design solution has been identified. 4 Residual and significant adverse environmental impact. 5 Significant environmental enhancement ROAD SURVEY SITE INVESTIGATION LAND ACQUISITION ACCESS SITE CLEARING VIADUCT CONSTRUCTION TUNNELLING EXCAVATION & EMBANKMET SUPPORT FACILITIES ABANDONMENT OPERATION EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT ACCIDENTS SPILLS & ROAD MAINTENANCE &HEALTH SAFETY Shore Line 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bottom Interface 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Flow Variation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SURFACE Water Quality 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 0 WATER Drainage Pattern 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Water Balance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Flooding 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Existing Use 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Water Table 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Flow Regime 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GROUND Water Quality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WATER Recharge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Aquifer Characteristics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Existing Use 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 - 4 THE PROPOSED PAN ISLAND LINK 1 HIGHWAY PROJECT, PENANG KEY PROJECT ACTIVITIES PRE 0 Insignificant and excluded from Matrix CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 1 Potential environmental impact but on a temporary basis and will assume equilibrium after certain period of time. 2 Environmental impact that is potentially significant but about which there is insufficient data to make a reliable prediction. Close monitoring and control is recommended. 3 Potentially significant adverse environmental impact for which a design solution has been identified. 4 Residual and significant adverse environmental impact. 5 Significant environmental enhancement ROAD SURVEY SITE INVESTIGATION LAND ACQUISITION ACCESS SITE CLEARING VIADUCT CONSTRUCTION TUNNELLING EXCAVATION & EMBANKMET SUPPORT FACILITIES ABANDONMENT OPERATION EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT ACCIDENTS SPILLS & ROAD MAINTENANCE &HEALTH SAFETY Air Quality 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Air Flow 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ATMOSPHERE Climatic Change 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Visibility 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Intensity 0 0 0 1 1 3 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 NOISE Duration 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 Frequency 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 Intensity 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 VIBRATION Duration 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Frequency 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Intensity 0 0 0 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 WASTE Duration 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 Frequency 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 TRAFFIC Intensity 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 7 - 5 THE PROPOSED PAN ISLAND LINK 1 HIGHWAY PROJECT, PENANG KEY PROJECT ACTIVITIES PRE 0 Insignificant and excluded from Matrix CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 1 Potential environmental impact but on a temporary basis and will assume equilibrium after certain period of time.