1963AJ. 646 OBSERVATORY REPORTS S UD KO 00 KO The

KO 00 KO UD 1963AJ. s instrument oftheobservatory,Lamont-Hussey spring semester.FrankF.HoldenbecameAstrono- pointed AssistantProfessoratthebeginningof Associate ProfessorandDr.J.M.Malvillewasap- ing doublestars.FrankHolden hassupervisedthe hemisphere anditwillresume theworkofmeasur- telescope, isthelargestrefractor inthesouthern tion fortherenovationofLamont-HusseyOb- erous grantoffundsbytheNationalScienceFounda- the departmentofastronomyresultedfromgen- telescopes, photographicdarkrooms,andmaintenance the moveoccurredduringweekof10June.The tronomy building,TheObservatoryandthedepart- mer-in-Charge attheLamont-HusseyObservatory, appointed AssistantProfessor,assignedtotheMc- start ofthefallsemester;Dr.G.H.E.Elstewas the departmentasProfessorofAstronomyat servatory inBloemfontein,SouthAfrica.Themain equipment continueinuseatTheObservatory. ment fromTheObservatorytothePhysics-Astron- ment ofastronomystaffareseparatedforthefirst department ofastronomytothenewPhysics-As- head oftheappliedanalysisgroup;DonaldD. neer; CharlesE.Lindahl,ResearchAssociateand Bennett waspromotedtoSupervisor.MissGladys reconditioning andrenovation oftheLamont-Hussey omy buildingbeganlateinMay.Themainpartof University ofMichigan.Thetransferofficeequip- time inthe110-yearhistoryofscienceatThe Willeke, AssistantResearchMathematician. William H.Potter,AssociateResearchEngineer; Ballard replacedMrs.JoanKosterasSecretary. Bloemfontein, SouthAfrica. ing thereportyear:Dr.WilliamP.Bidelmanjoined The ObservatoriesoftheUniversityMichigan Observatory withexcellent results. institutions workedasSummerAssistants. Math-Hulbert Observatory;Dr.D.E.Walshbecame 646 sociate; JohnM.Klein,AssistantResearchEngi- astronomy group:CharlesW.Jensen,ResearchAs- dents andthreeundergraduatesfromfourdifferent Craige E.Schensted,ResearchEngineer;Ingrid Marblestone, AssistantResearchMathematician; Office ofNavalResearchgrant.Fourgraduatestu- Miller wereappointedResearchAssistantsonan Charles Martens,WilliamNewbound,andArthur Majeske, AssociateResearchEngineer;BarbaraK. At theMcMath-HulbertObservatory,Clifford A majorimprovementinthephysicalfacilitiesof With themovingofmostofficeactivitiesin The followingchangesinpersonneloccurreddur- Eight memberswereaddedtothestaffofradio Special effortscontinuetoward maintainingthe © American Astronomical Society • Provided by theNASA Astrophysics Data System PERSONNEL BUILDINGS OBSERVATORY REPORTS 2 gan’s SpacePhysicsResearchLaboratoryandthe ment. been designedforinclusioninthepayloadof imeter, completionofthefirst phaseofanautomatic kMc polarimeter,completion ofthe16kMcpolar- the achievementofareliable performanceofthe8- erg/cm/sec. Dr.Teskeisinchargeofthisdevelop- length intherangeofenergiesfrom0.0001to0.2 auxiliary equipmenthavebeenmaintained,inusable data recordingsystemthat provides aprintedrecord improved bythecompletion ofan800-Mcreceiver, will measureradiationbetween8and14Âwave- Naval ResearchLaboratoryanx-raydetectorhas to preservetheobservationaldocuments. photographic recordsofthesun.Anewsystem vated. Improvedstoragehasbeenprovidedforthe new double-passsystemforusewiththephotoelec- magnetic recorders,measuringengines,andother been begun. and theofficesofobservatoryhasbeeninstalled. photographic darkroomshavebeencompletelyreno- has madesignificantimprovementsinthefunda- more nearlyautomatic. operation oftheMcGregorvacuumspectrograph been installedintheMcMath-HulbertObservatory tion oftheastronomicalrecords.Afireproofsafe, observatory shopsfordirectuseinastronomicalob- instruments anditemsofequipmenthavebeenac- tric detectorsoftheMcGregorspectrographhasbeen ment sothatitoperateswithincreasedefficiency.A for repairingandmodernizingtheobservingequip- remained unchanged,buttherepairsrequiredby and theobservatoriesinStinchfieldWoodshave intercommunication betweentheobservingstations mental electricaldistributionsystemthatservesthe this institutionformanyyears.Theobservatorystaff S 57OrbitingSolarObservatory.Theinstrument quired bypurchaseandconstructioninthe designed andisnowunderconstruction.Numerous condition. Inafewcases,fundshavebeenavailable some ofthetelescopesintheseobservatorieshave servatory inthestylethathasbeencharacteristicof buildings andtelescopesoftheMcMath-HulbertOb- transporting equipmenthavebeenbuilttomakethe designed andconstructedintheMcMath-Hulbert detailed comparisonofsmallsolarfeatures,hasbeen additional files,andrefrigeratedstoragespacehave servations andtoassistintheanalysispreserva- McMath solartowerandtheSECASIdome.The Observatory shops.Newfilmtransports,timing,and With thecooperationofTheUniversityMichi- During 1962-63,the85-ftradio telescopehasbeen The buildingsofObservatoryinAnnArbor The telescopes,spectrographs,ionosphericand A blink-comparatorprojector,intendedforusein INSTRUMENTAL KO 00 KO UD 1963AJ. s of arcindeclinationandatenthsecondtime passively atallfrequenciesofinterest.Additionalin- box wasdesignedandbuiltforinstallationnearthe put onapapertapeprinter.Aparallelrecordcan in hourangle),thesiderealtime,andreceiverout- group thathasbeenestablishedtoprovideforef- calibration ofthepolarimeterintermspercentage be providedonIBMpunchedcards.Acalibrator of thepositionobservedobject(toasecond tronomy receivers.Theuseofdigitalcomputersfor 85-ft radioreflectorandfromthespaceas- ficient processingoftheobservationsmadewith linear polarizationandpositionangle.Itoperates focus oftheradioreflector.Thismakespossible tions, numericalanalysis,mathematicalapproxima- tric dipoleinamagneto-ionicplasmahasbeende- tions, datareductionandanalysis,electronic solving problemsinvolvingpartialdifferentialequa- struments weresuppliedforanappliedanalysis and RobertG.Peltzeristheprojectengineer. quency range.AssistantProfessorJ.M.Malvilleis tric OrbitingGeophysicalObservatory(EGO)satel- oped anexperimentformappingthecosmicback- and theplanningofPOGOsatelliteexperiment. analysis oftheradiorocketastronomyexperiment the firstPolarOrbitingGeophysicalObservatory assisting inthescientificaspectsofthisexperiment unbalanced dipoleantenna,itisplannedtoobserve two secondshasbeendevelopedforthefirstEccen- to 2000kc. in theearth’sionosphere.Also,animprovedsingle- ground noiseat2.5Meusingradiowavefocusing These computationsplayeddecisiverolesinthe density, magneticfieldintensity,andfrequency. termined forawiderangeofvalueselectron radiation resistanceandcapacitanceofashortelec- design problemsisemphasized.Forexample,the frequency receiveroperatingat200kcwasdevel- solar andperhapsJovianburstactivityinthisfre- ft monopoleoperatingagainstthespacecraftasan Aeronautics andSpaceAdministration.Usinga30- lite, andtheflightmodelsdeliveredtoNational for operationatseveraldiscretefrequenciesfrom50 dicted ionosphericfocusingtoobtaindirectivity.The cosmic noiseat2.5Meusingthetheoreticallypre- oped. Astep-tunedreceiverisunderdevelopment studies andDr.GeorgeCohen istheprojectengineer. tored continuouslytopermit correctionforeffectsof the spacecraftbody.Theantenna impedanceismoni- antenna willbea60-ftmonopoleoperatingagainst Dennis Walshisparticipating inthescientificdesign the localionosphericplasma. AssociateProfessor (POGO) satellite.Asystemisdesignedtosurvey A spaceastronomyinstrumentalprogramdevel- A radiometersystemisunderdevelopmentfor A receiversweepingovertherange2-4Meevery © American Astronomical Society • Provided by theNASA Astrophysics Data System OBSERVATORY REPORTS cameras of12-and24-inchesfocallengths.Theob- grams wereobtainedfrom1May1962to31 period wereMichaelBozoian,summer1963,Glenn Anne Cowley.Theobservingassistantsduringthis The 48platesofpeculiarbright-linestarsincludes servations weredistributedasfollows: flector hasbeenusedforobservations ofthespectra comets wereobservedboth spectroscopicallyandby comets havecontinuedasin pastyears.Allsuitable cal composition.Professor Miller’s observationsof tached tothistelescopehavebeenmadebyDr.Anne the undergraduateandgraduatelevel.Researchob- has beenusedforinstructionalobservationatboth D. Sandlin,fall1962,spring1963. 38 spectrogramsofAXMonocerotistakenbyDr. cover starswithspectraindicatingabnormalchemi- an intensiveobservationalprogramdesignedtodis- going acompletereactivationandwillshortlybegin tests ofthesedevices. The Observatory direct photographyduring the 1962-63interval. tion ofProfessorsFreemanD.Miller-andWilliam versity Observatories. using biréfringentfilters,havebeenmadeduring inal instrumentofTheObservatoryinAnnArbor, 1963 chieflywiththetwo-prismspectrographusing more studentsthananyothertelescopeintheUni- time observationsofthesunandfornighttimeob- almost continuoususeforinstructionalobservingin students’ observatoryinAngelíHallhavebeen servations withthephotoelectricphotometerat- omy. The10-inchrefractorisusedbothforday- connection withtheintroductorycoursesinastron- Cowley inconnectionwithherinvestigationofAX P. BidelmantheCurtisSchmidttelescopeisunder- servations. Itisundoubtedlyusedformorehoursby Monocerotis. Occasionalobservationsofthesun, The Students'ObservatoryinAngelíHall Telescopes intheStinchfieldWoodsArea 371-inch Telescope,Atotalof385stellarspectro- 12-inch Telescope.Therefractor,theorig- The 10-inchrefractorand15-inchreflectorinthe The FrancisC.McMath Memorial 24-inchRe- The CurtisSchmidtTelescope.Underthedirec- VV Cephei13 Long-period variables16 Peculiar bright-linestars48 Composite spectra30 Metallic-line Astarsandotherpeculiarabsorp- Binaries andmiscellaneous40 Nova Herculis196395 Stars ofclassBe95 tion spectra48 OBSERVING PROGRAMS 647 1963AJ. KO 00 KO UD port fortheMichiganprogramsinradioastronomy of anumberdifferentstarsandnebulaeusing 648 direct photoelectricrecordingspectrophotometer. Research. continues tobeprovidedbytheOfficeofNaval observed inanattempttodetectalinearpolarization been foundforthefirsttimetobelinearlypolarized. special polarimeter.Severalofthesesourceshave component usingthe8000-Meradiometeranda ments madeatotherobservatoriesforthedetermina- may becombinedwithlowerfrequencymeasure- The Michiganmeasurementsathighfrequencies tion oftheamountFaradayrotationbetween source itself. observer andthesource,perhapswithin both broad-bandandnarrow-bandpolarimetersat four differentfrequencies.Thesemeasurementsindi- cate thatFaradayrotationmediuminsomesources is complex.Apolarimeterhasbeenaddedtothe observed asthisprogramisjuststarting. at 8000Mehavebeenmeasuredinordertoextend the spectraofradiosourcestohigherfrequencies. 16 000Meradiometerandafewsourceshavebeen projection ofcosmicrayelectrons.Furthermore,al- They arenecessaryforthedeterminationof processes operatingintheradiosourcesfor though fluxdensitiesfromnonthermalradiosources Such spectraarevaluableforanumberofreasons. have beenobservedbyanumberofdifferentinves- from —0.2to—0.8indicatinglinearvariation,some tigators atfrequenciesintherangefrom30to3000 nonthermal sourceshavespectrawhichcurvedown- Venus hasbeenundertakenonacontinuingbasisin measured intheMichigansurveyshowpronounced ward athighfrequencies.Severalofthesources Me andhavebeencharacterizedbyanindexranging of theradioemissionat8000Me.Theprogramre- order todeterminethevariationwithphaseangle spectral curvatures. vicinity oftheconjunctions.Theobservationswill at allphaseanglesexceptforseveraldegreesinthe quires themeasurementoffluxdensityfromVenus be comparedwithresultspredictedthroughtheuse of variousmodelstheCythereanatmosphere. tion at8000Meinsearchingforflux-densityvaria- tion atthishighfrequency forwhichvariabilityhas not yetbeenestablished.Since thereisanapparent variation inthefluxfrom Jupiteratlowerfre- quencies itisexpectedthat thereshouldbeasmall 8000 Me.Itisbelievedthat mostofthe8000Me residual variationwiththe rotation oftheplanetat About adozendiscreteradiosourceshavebeen The ONRRadioReflectors.Verygeneroussup- The Michiganmeasurementshavebeenmadewith The fluxdensityof18nonthermalradiosources Measurement offluxdensityfromtheplanet © American Astronomical Society • Provided by theNASA Astrophysics Data System The planetJupiterisalsounderregularobserva- OBSERVATORY REPORTS planet's atmosphereandnotthesynchrotronemis- radiation fromJupiteristhermalemissionthe the 8000Meradiationmightindicateanonthermal at frequencieslessthan8000Me.Thevariationin sion fromtheJovianradiationbeltsthatdominate the thermalemissionfromatmosphere. radiation fromthebeltssuperimposedon now underwaywithasensitivitycorrespondingto both nonthermalandgaseousgalacticnebulae,is change ofbrightnesstemperature0.05°K.Moder- ately finedetailintheradioemissionfromthese pared withphotographs. computer intoisophotalcontourswhichwillbecom- sources canbemeasured.Dataobtainedwiththe radio telescopesaretransformedbyanIBM7090 Space RadioAstronomy centrated inthefollowingareas:radioastronomy rocket project;EccentricOrbitingGeophysicalOb- vanced TechnicalDevelopment;TheoreticalStudies; servatory (EGO)experiment;thePolarOrbiting and DataProcessing.ProfessorF.T.Haddockis Geophysical Observatory(POGO)experiment;Ad- director oftheseprograms;W.J.Lindsayisthe engineering manager. mental dailyobservationsofcalciumplages.These solar towertelescopecontinuestosupplythefunda- The McMath-HulbertObservatory records aredistributedtoworld-widesolarobserva- tories anddatacentersthathaverequestedcopies. been usedbyinvestigatorsfromtheNationalAero- nautics andSpaceAdministrationNavalRe- plage havebeenpreparedmonthlyforpublicationin ultraviolet recordssecuredfromrocketsandsatel- lites. Reportsoftheidentificationandageforeach search Laboratoriesforcomparisonwithx-rayand the NationalBureauofStandardsCentralRadio continuation ofsimilarreportingcarriedoutsince Propagation LaboratoryF-Series.Thisworkisa days inthe12-monthintervalcoveredbythisreport. nences andfilaments.Morethan30000wavelength- level tojustifynewobservationsofflares,promi- the McMathsolartowertelescope andspectrohelio- sweep spectroheliogramshavebeenphotographedat graph from1July1962through 30June1963.An 1956. Calciumplageswerephotographedon309 intensive programforananalysis ofthewavelength- sweep spectroheliogramssecured since1957hasbeen developed andisbeingfollowed. Thefirstphaseof the programincludesan examination, frame-by- A programofmappingtheextendedradiosources, The spaceradioastronomyprogramhasbeencon- McMath SolarTowerTelescope.The During 1962-63thecalciumplagerecordshave Solar activityhascontinuedatasufficientlyhigh