Number 176 September 1995 CSISAFRICA NOTES

A publication of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, D.C.

Who's Who, and Where A Guide to Key Personalities in U.S.-African Relations

In July 1982, the CSIS African Studies Program added a new dimension to its wide range of activities. The title of the first issue of CSIS Africa Notes­ "To Demystify and Unsimplify"-summarized its mission. As I wrote in the introduction, "We will be looking through a variety of prisms at African political configurations, personalities, conflicts, economic pressures, [external relationships), and policy options for the ." The goal was, and remains in 1995, to deal with the complexities of the African political and economic landscape from the Mediterranean to the Cape with an open mind, not in terms of ideological or other stereotypes. In the 13 years since the 1982 launch, we have published 176 issues. Our subscribers in the United States and over 30 other countries fall generally into the categories whose special needs we sought to serve from the outset: "decision makers, analysts, and trailblazers with Africa-related responsibilities in governments, corporations, the media, research institutions, universities, and other arenas." The lasting relevance of CSIS Africa Notes is documented by the fact that a major publisher (Praeger) has produced three collections of issues in book form: , , and the West (1987), South Africa: In Transition to What? (1988), and South Africa: Twelve Perspectives on the Transition (1994). One of the most popular issues published from time to time has been our "Who's Who, and Where" guide to key personalities in official U.S.-African relations. In this 1995 update, we have noted that several ambassadorial changes submitted to Congress by the White House are currently still in various stages of confirmation. The African Studies Program's Bruce Whitehouse compiled the information and designed the format for this edition. M. Herman Yam assembled details on personnel and structural changes in the Department of Defense.

Helen Kitchen Director of African Studies DEPARTMENT OF STATE

r------SECRETARY OF STATE ------~ ------~ ------. I Warren Christopher AGENCY FOR INTERNATlONAL U.S. INFORMATlON AGENCY U.S. PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE ! DEVELOPMENT ARMS 00NTR0L AND DISARMAMENT Director: Joseph D. Duffy TO THE UNITED NATlONS Actninistrator: J. Brian AtwOOO AGENCY Director, Office of African Affairs: Ambassador Madeleire K Albright Deputy Secretary of State Deputy Administrator: carol Lllncaster Director. John D. Holllll Thomas Hull Strobe Talbott Assistant Administrator for Africa: Deputy Director/Africa: Cornelius W~sh Jam Hicks

I I I I I UNDER SECRETARY FOO UNDER SECRETARY FOR UNDER SECRETARY FOR POUTlCAL AIFFAIRS ECONOMIC, BUSINESS, ARMS CONTROL AND UNDER SECRETARY FOO UNDER SECRETARY FOR Peter Tarrorr AND AGRICULTURAL INTERNATIONAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT GLOBAL AIFFI'JRS Special Assistant for Africa: AFFAIRS AFFAIRS Richard M. Moose TrnotllyWirth Stuary Darla K T

BUREAU OF POPIJLATlON, BUREAU OF EAST ASIAN AND BUREAU OF AFRICAN AFFI'JRS REFUGEES, AND MIGRATlON PAOFIC AFFI'JRS Assistant Secretary BUREAU OF DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE FOOEIGN SERVICE INSWUTE Assistant Secretary Phylis E. Clakle) Assistant Secrelary Wonstoo Lord GOO Africa, Asia & the Americas Di'octor. Margaet McKelvey BUREAU OF NEAA BUREAU OF INTER-AMERICAN Program Officers AFFI'JRS I EASTERN AFFI'JRS West & Soutnem Africa: Mary Lange As9stant Secretary Assistant Secretary OFFICE OF EOUAL EMPLOYMENT Central Africa: Bil Rada OPPORTUNITY AND CML RIGHTS RobErtPeiletreau Alexander Watson MEDICAL DIRECTOR BURiEAU OF CONSULAR AFFI'JRS Hom of Africa: Garol,'n Gorman Deputy Assistant Secretary Dr. El'nore Rigamef Assistant Secretary: Mary R;a1 Deici'eDavis OOce or AdmiSSions Director. Terry Rusch f'ro!1an 0t1cer tcr Aiica; Am; Nelscr BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL BUREAU OF SIDUTH ASIAN ORGANIZATION AFFAIRS I'JFFAIRS Assistant Secretary Assistant Secretary BUREAU OF DEMOCRAcy GOOn L Raphei HUMAN RIGHTS, AND LABOR As9stant Secrelaly John ShaHuck Africa, Asia, & the Americas Office": Mar.ihaU carter

BUREAU OF OCEANS AND INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOENTIFIC AFFI'JRS Actirg Assistant Secretary: DawJ Colson

I I I L I I I I I OFACE OF POUCY BUREAU OF INTEWGENCE AND RESEAACH BUREAU OF PUBUC BUREAU OF OFFICE OF RESOURCES LEGAL I'JDVISER PLANNING Assistant Secretary Tot:) Gati COORCINATOR FOO AFFAIRS OHIEF OF PRiDTOODIL LEGISLATIVE AFFI'JRS PLANS, AND POUCY Conrad K Harper INSPECTOR GENERAL Director: OOUNTER-TERRORISM Assistant Secretary Moly Raiser As~stant Secretary Di'ector: Asst. Legal Adviser for ~ W<:ians-Bridg&'s James B. Ste;nberg Office of Analysis for Africa Philip C. Wilcox Thomas E. Doniloo Oi"ector: David Koouper Shennan Craig Jolhnstone I'Jfrica: Ted A. Eicrek Sta" ~ Crystal Ni wena; OivisicnChiefs: East. Central, & West Africa: Randall LeCocq Southern Afri:a: Rictvxd Ristoino

OfriCEI of Analysis for Near East & South Aslt Oi'octor: Goorge S. Harris

Divisioo Chief for North Africa and the ArabiM Peni'lsula: Watm 'Nhite

I DIPLOMATIC, OONSULAR. AND OTHER ESTAIBUSHMENTS AND DELEGATIONS TO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATlONS I Department of State's Bureau of African Affairs

ASSISTANT SECRETARY George E. Moose

Special Assistant: Roger Ervin Staff Assistants: Janice Gross George Aldrige r Principal Deputy Assistant Deputy Assistant Secretary Deputy Assistant Secretary Secretary William Twaddell Regina Brown

Office of the Executive Director Office of Central African Affairs Office of East African Affairs Economic Policy Staff (202) 647-2080 (202) 64 7-8852 Executive Director: William J. Hudson Director: Constance Freeman Deputy: Nancy Serpa Director: Director: David Shinn Deputy: Ronald Woody ..,___ Deputy: Eric Svendsen Deputy: David Dunn Commercial Coordinator: Ada Adler Post Management Officers Financial Economists: Marlene Urbina de Breen Central Africa: Sally Slocum Country Officers H- Country Officers Elizabeth Ewing Eastern Africa: Richard Collins lrene Cohn: , George Colvin: Eritrea, International Economists: Charles Southern Africa: James Alderman Donald Heflin: , Christopher McMullen: , Gilbert Johnson West Africa (Anglophone): Christa Griffin Marybeth Leonard: Ken Shivers: Djibouti, West Africa (Francophone): Barbara Aycock Madeleine Q. Seidenstricker: , Sheri Sprigg: Comoros, , Sao Tome and Principe Mauritius, Seychelles, John Spiegel: , Equatorial Kathleen Walz: Rosemary O'Neill: Coordinator, Greater Horn of Africa Initiative

Office of Regional Affairs Office of Southern African Affairs Office of West African Affairs BUREAU OF NEAR EAST AFFAIRS (202) 647-8433 (202) 647-2637 (North Africa-Relevant Personnel) Director: Charles Snyder Director: John Blaney Deputy Director: Sandra Mendyk Director: Dane Smith Deputy: Martin Brennan Office of Egyptian and North African Affairs Deputy: Joyce Leader (202) 647-3614 Regional Affairs Officer: Joseph Sala Country Officers Congressional Affairs: Kathleen Moody I-- Don Gatto: Malawi, , Country Officers Dil'!lCior: Richard Jackson Democracy: Melanie Bixby Mary Hayes: Angola Richard Appleton: Benin, COte d'lvoire, Deputy: Anthony Benesch Labor Affairs: Jay Smith Damian Leader: Lesotho, Swaziland, Angola J-L--f Ed Atkins: Public Affairs Adviser: Mary Swann June Carter Perry: , Erica Barks-Ruggles: Bukina Faso, Mali, Niger Country Officers Public Affairs Press/Information Officer: Stephen Vann: Mozambique Makila James: Gambia, Anthony Benesch: Morocco Thomas Genton John Scott: Officer -in-Charge for South Africa Ufi Ming: Guinea, MalJ'itania, , Karen Sasahara: Ubya, TLflisia Political-Military Affairs Adviser: Douglas Griffiths: South Africa (Economic) Western Sahara Peter Vrooman: Col. Jean-Michel "Mike" Beraud, USA Christopher Krafft: South Africa (Human Rights/ Mroa Norman: Cape \€roe, Gtma, Gilea-Bissau David Jensen: Egypt (Econonic) Visas/Political-Military/Democratization) Sandra Stevens: Uberia Diane Kelly: Egypt (Political-Military) George Southern: South Africa Pat.i Malik: Egypt (Political-Military) (Binational ComnissiorVPolitical Affairs/Ncrrotics) DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration Office of Africa Director: Sally K. Miller Deputy: Gerald M. Feldman International Trade Specialists and Country Assignments Finn Holm-Olsen: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Philip Michelini: Burkina Faso, Burundi, , Debra Henke Rogers: Benin , Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, , Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Central African Republic, Olad, COte cflooire, , Nigeria, Togo Zimbabwe Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, lJberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Siio Tome & Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Zaire Chandra Watkins: Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Emily Solomon: South Africa Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Somalia, SWan, Uganda

Office of the Near East Director: Thomas R. Parker Deputy Director: Cherie Loustaunau

North African Country Assignments Claude Clement and David Guglielmi: Algeria, Libya, Morocco Thomas Sams: Egypt Corey Wright:

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (Africa-Relevant Personnel) SECRETARY OF DEFENSE William Perry

Deputy Secretary of Defense John White I I JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, CHAIRMAN AND INTELUGENCE (C31) UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLICY Gen. John Shalikashvili, USA Walter Slocombe Assistant Secretruy Director, Joint Staff: Lt. Gen. Wesley Kross, USAF Emmett Paige, Jr. I I I I I I I I CURRENT STRATEGIC PLANS AND DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORATE FOR SPECIAL INTERNATIONAL INTEWGENCE, JOINT POLICY (J-5) AGENCY POUCY SUPPORT OPERATIONS/ LOW- STRATEGY AND SECURITY AFFAIRS STAFF AND Director: Director: Deputy to the INTENSITY CONFUCT REQUIREMENTS Assistant Secretruy COMMAND (J-2) Lt. Gen. Wesley Clark, USA Lt . Gen. K.A. Minihan, USAF Under Secretruy Assistant Secretruy Assistant Secretary Joseph Nye, Jr. Director: M

Security Assistarce i'naJySs (Africa): Ann Smoot CSIS AFRICA NOTES I 5

NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL (Africa-Relevant Personnel)

ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS: Anthony Lake Deputy Assistants to the President for National Security Affairs: Samuel R. Berger, Nancy E. Soderberg Senior Director for African Affairs: Director for African Affairs (West and East Africa): MacArthur DeShazer Director for African Affairs (Central and Southern Africa): Shawn H. McCormick

U.S. Embassies in Africa Algeria (Algiers) Gabon (Libreville) Niger (Niamey) Ambassador: Ronald Neumann Ambassador: Joseph C. Wilson, IV Ambassador: Jack S. Davison (Nominated successor awaiting Senate Angola (Luanda) confirmation: Elizabeth Raspolic) Nigeria (Lagos) Ambassador: Donald K. Steinberg Ambassador: Walter C. Carrington Gambia (Banjul) Benin (Cotonou) Ambassador: Andrew Winter Rwanda () Ambassador: Ruth Davis Ambassador: David P. Rawson (Nominated successor awaiting Senate Ghana () [see Mali] confirmation: John Yates) Ambassador: Kenneth L. Brown (Nominated successor awaiting Senate Sao Tome & Principe (Sao Tome) Botswana (Gaborone) confirmation: Edward Brynn) (Relations managed from Ambassador: Howard S. Jeter U.S. embassy, Gabon) Guinea () Burkina Faso (Ouagadougou) Ambassador: Joseph A. Saloom Senegal () Ambassador: Donald J . McConnell Ambassador: Mark Johnson Guinea-Bissau (Bissau) Burundi (Bujumbura) Ambassador: Roger A. McGuire Seychelles (Victoria) Ambassador: Robert Krueger (Nominated successor awaiting Senate Ambassador: Carl B. Stokes (Embassy slated for closure in 1996) Cameroon (Yaounde) confirmation: Peggy Blackford) Ambassador: Harriet W. Isom Kenya () Sierra Leone () (Nominated successor awaiting Senate Ambassador: Aurelia E. Brazeal Ambassador: John L. Hirsch confirmation: Charles Twining) Lesotho (Maseru) Somalia (Mogadishu) Cape Verde () Ambassador: Bismarck Myrick (Post closed. Somalia Watch Officer Ambassador: Joseph M. Segars James Swan posted in Nairobi) (Monrovia) Central African Republic (Bangui) Charge d'Affaires: John W. Fuhrer South Africa (Pretoria) Ambassador: Mosina H. Ambassador: Princeton Lyman Libya [fripoli) (U.S. interests represented (Nominated successor awaiting confirmation Chad (N'Djamena) by Embassy of Belgium) hearing: James A. Joseph) Ambassador: Lawrence C. Pope Madagascar () Sudan (Khartoum) Comoros (Moroni) Ambassador: Dennis P. Barrett Ambassador: Timothy Carney (Relations managed from U.S. embassy, (Nominated successor awaiting Senate Mauritius) confirmation: Vicki J. Huddleston) Swaziland (Mbabane) Ambassador: John T. Sprott Congo (Brazzaville) Malawi (Lilongwe) Ambassador: William C. Ramsay Ambassador: Peter Chaveas Tanzania (Dar es Salaam) Ambassador: Brady Anderson Cote d'lvoire () Mali (Bamako) Ambassador: Lannon Walker Charge d'Affaires: Carolee Heileman Togo (Lome) Ambassador: Johnny Young Djibouti (Djibouti) (Nominated ambassador awaiting Ambassador: Martin L. Cheshes confirmation hearing: David P. Rawson) Tunisia [funis) Ambassador: Mary Ann Casey Egypt (Cairo) Mauritania (Nouakchott) Ambassador: Edward S. Walker, Jr. Ambassador: Dorothy Sampas Uganda (Kampala) Ambassador: E. Michael Southwick Equatorial Guinea (Malabo) Mauritius (Port Louis) Charge d'Affaires: Douglas Rohn Ambassador: Leslie Alexander Zaire () (Embassy slated for closure in 1995) Morocco (Rabat) Charge d'Affaires: John Yates [see Benin] Ambassador: Marc C. Ginsburg (Nominated ambassador awaiting Senate Eritrea (Asmara) confirmation: Daniel Simpson) Ambassador: Robert C. Houdek Mozambique (Maputo) Ambassador: Dennis C. Jett Zambia () Ethiopia () Ambassador: Ronald K. Kuchel Ambassador: Irvin Hicks Namibia (Windhoek) Ambassador: Marshall S. McCallie Zimbabwe (Harare) Ambassador: 6/ CSIS AFRICA NOTES

African Ambassadors to the United States (Dates indicate when ambassadors presented credentials)

Algeria Comoros Gambia His Excellency Osmane Ben Cherlf His Excellency Mohamed A. Dgimbanou Tombong Saidy, Charge d'Affaires (March 1995) Permanent Mission of the Federal and 1155 15th Street, N.W., Suite 1000 2118 Kalorama Road, N.W. Islamic Republic of the Comoros Washington, DC 20005 Washington, DC 20008 to the (202) 785-1399 (202) 265-2800 336 East 45th Street, 2nd Floor New York, NY 10017 Ghana Angola (212) 972-8010 His Excellency Ekwow Spio-Garbrah His Excellency Antonio Fran~ N'Dalu (August 1994) (September 1995) Congo 3512 International Drive, N.W. 1819 L Street, N.W., Suite 400 His Excellency Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20036 Pierre Damien Boussoukou-Boumba (202) 686-4520 (202) 785-1156 (December 1993) 4891 Colorado Avenue, N.W. Guinea Benin Washington, DC 20011 His Excellency Elhadj Boubacar Barry His Excellency Lucien Tonoukouin (202) 726-0825 (September 1992r (November 1994) 2112 Leroy Place, N.W. 2737 Cathedral Avenue, N.W. Cote d'Ivoire Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20008 His Excellency Koffi Moise Koumoue (202) 483-9420 (202) 232-6656 (June 1994) 2424 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Guinea-Bissau Botswana Washington, DC 20008 His Excellency Alfredo Lopes Cabral His Excellency (202) 797-0300 (May 1987) Archibald Mogwe 918 16th Street, N.W. (designate) Djibouti Mezzanine Suite 3400 International Drive, N.W., Suite 7M His Excellency Roble Olhaye Washington, DC 20006 Washington, DC 20008 (March 1988) (202) 872-4222 (202) 244-4990 1156 15th Street, N.W., Suite 515 Washington, DC 20005 Kenya Burkina Faso (202) 331-0270 His Excellency Benjamin E. Kipkorir His Excellency Gaetan Ouedraogo (June 1994) (December 1993) Egypt 2249 R Street, N.W. 2340 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. His Excellency Ahmed Maher El Sayed Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20008 (September 1992) (202) 387-6101 (202) 332-5577 3521 International Court, N.W. Washington, DC 20008 Lesotho Burundi (202) 895-5400 Her Excellency Dr. Eunice M. Bulane His Excellency Severin Ntahomvuklye (January 1995) (March 1995) Equatorial Guinea 2511 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. 2233 Wisconsin Avenue, N.W., Suite 212 His Excellency Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20007 Don Pastor Micha Ondo Bile (202) 797-5533 (202) 342-2574 (September 1995) Permanent Mission of Equatorial Liberia Cameroon Guinea to the United Nations Konah K. Blackett, Charge d'Affaires His Excellency Jerome Mendouga 57 Magnolia Avenue 5201 16th Street, N.W. (June 1994) Mount Vernon, NY 10553 Washington, DC 20011 2349 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. (914) 667-6913 (202) 723-0437 Washington, DC 20008 (202) 265-8790 Eritrea Libya His Excellency Amdemicael Kahsai (No official relations with the U.S.) Cape Verde (January 1995) His Excellency Mohamed Zwai His Excellency Corentino Santos 910 17th Street, N.W., Suite 400 Permanent Mission of Libya (March 1995) Washington, DC 20006 to the United Nations 3415 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. (202) 429-1991 309 East 48th Street Washington, DC 20007 New York, NY 10017 (202) 965-6820 Ethiopia (212) 752-5775 His Excellency Berhane Gebre-Christos Central African Republic (April 1992) Madagascar His Excellency Henry Koba 2134 Kalorama Road, N.W. His Excellency Pierro! J. Rajaonarivelo (November 1994) Washington, DC 20008 (December 1989) 1618 22nd Street, N.W. (202) 234-2281 2374 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20008 (202) 483-7800 Gabon (202) 265-5525 His Excellency Paul Boundoukou-Latha Chad (September 1993) Malawi His Excellency Mahamat-Saleh Ahmat 2034 20th Street, N.W. His Excellency W. Chokani (March 1995) Washington, DC 20009 (March 1995) 2002 R Street, N.W. (202) 797-1000 2408 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20009 Washington, DC 20008 (202) 462-4009 (202) 797-1007 CSIS AFRICA NOTES I 7

Mall Senegal Uganda His Excellency Siragatou Ibrahim Cisse His Excellency Mamadou Mansour Seck His Excellency (Apri11993) (December 1993) Stephen Kampimpina Katenta-Apull 2130 R Street, N.W. 2112 Wyoming Avenue, N.W. (September 1988) Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20008 5911 16th Street, N.W. (202) 332-2249 (202) 234-0540 Washington, DC 20011 (202) 726-7100 Mauritania Seychelles His Excellency Ismail Ould lyahi His Excellency Marc Rogers Marengo Zaire (November 1994) (September 1993) Mukendi Tambo a Kabila, 2129 Leroy Place, N.W. Permanent Mission of Seychelles Charge d'Affaires Washington, DC 20008 to the United Nations 1800 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W. (202) 232-5700 820 Second Avenue, Suite 900F Washington, DC 20009 New York, NY 10017 (202) 234-7690 Mauritius (212) 687-9766 His Excellency Anund Neewoor Zambia (October 1993) Sierra Leone His Excellency Dunstan Weston Kamana 4301 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 441 His Excellency Thomas Kahota Kargbo (September 1992) Washington, DC 20008 (June 1993) 2419 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. (202) 244-1491 170119th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20009 (202) 265-9717 Morocco (202) 939-9261 His Excellency Mohamed Benaissa Zimbabwe (June 1993) Somalia His Excellency 1601 21st Street, N.W. (Embassy ceased operations, Amos Bernard Muvengwa Midzi Washington, DC 20009 May 1991) (June 1993) (202) 462-7979 South Africa 1608 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W. Mozambique His Excellency Franklin Sonn Washington, DC 20009 His Excellency (March 1995) (202) 332-7100 Hipolito Pereira Zozimo Patricio 3051 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. (April1991) Washington, DC 20008 1990 M Street, N.W., Suite 570 (202) 232-4400 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 293-7146 Sudan Mirghani Salih, Charge d'Affaires Namibia 2210 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. His Excellency Tuliameni Kalomoh Washington, DC 20008 (September 1991) (202) 338-8565 1605 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20009 Swaziland (202) 986-0540 Her Excellency Mary M. Kanya (November 1994) Niger 3400 International Drive, N.W. His Excellency Adamou Seydou Washington, DC 20008 (November 1992) (202) 362-6683 2204 R Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20008 Tanzania (202) 483-4224 His Excellency Mustafa Salim Nyang'anyi (September 1995) Nigeria 2139 R Street, N.W. His Excellency Zubair Mahmud Kazaure Washington, DC 20008 (June 1991) (202) 939-6125 1333 16th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20036 Togo (202) 986-8400 His Excellency Kossivi Osseyi (November 1994) Rwanda 2208 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Joseph Mutaboba, Charge d'Affaires Washington, DC 20008 1714 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W. (202) 234-4212 Washington, DC 20009 (202) 232-2882 Tunisia His Excellency Azouz Ennifar Sao Tome and Principe (November 1994) Domingos Ferreira, First Secretary 1515 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Permanent Mission of Sao Tome and Washington, DC 20005 Principe to the United Nations (202) 862-1850 122 East 42nd Street, Room 1604 New York, NY 10168 (212) 697-4211 8/ CSIS AFRICA NOTES

Africa-Specific Congressional Subcommittees Subcommittee on Africa of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chair: Senator Nancy L. Kassebaum (R-Kansas) Legislative Assistant for Africa: Derek Schmidt (202) 224-4774

Senator Olympia Snowe (R-Maine) Senator Russell D. Feingold (D-Wisconsin) Senate Subcommittee Professional Staff Legislative Assistant: Ken Peel Legislative Assistant: Robyn Lieberman (202) 224-5344 (202) 224-5323 Majority Staff Director: Thomas J. Callahan (202) 224-4651 Senator John Ashcroft (R-Missouri) Senator Dianne Feinstein (D-California) Legislative Assistant: Rolf Damman Minority Staff Director: Robyn Lieberman Legislative Assistant: Dan Shapiro (202) 224-5323 (202) 224-6154 (202) 224-3841

Subcommittee on Africa of the House International Relations Committee Chair: Congresswoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R-Florida) Legislative Assistant for Africa: Mauricio Tamargo (202) 225-3931

Congressman Sam Brownback (R-Kansas) Congressman Matt Salmon (R-Arizona) Congressman Donald Payne (D-New Jersey) Legislative Assistant: Howard Waltzman Legislative Assistant: Steve Voeller Legislative Assistant: Frank Kiehne (202) 22!Xi601 (202) 225-2635 (202) 225-3436 Congressman Steve Chabot (R.) Congressman Gary Ackerman (D-New York) Legislative Assistant: Bob Carrico Legislative Assistant: David Feltman House Subcommittee Professional Staff (202) 225-2215 (202) 225-2601 Majority: (202) 226-7812 Congressman DavKI Funderburk (R-North Carolina) Congressman Eiot Engel (D-New York) Staff Director: Mauricio Tamargo Legislative Assistant: Brad Phillips Legislative Assistant: Jason Steinbaum Deputy Staff Director: Philip L. Christenson (202) 225-2464 (202) 225-4531 Professional Staff Associate: Yleem Poblete Congressman Toby Roth (R-wisconsin) Congressman Alcee Hastings (D-Rorida) Minority:(202) 225-1273 Legislative Assistant: Ed Rice Legislative Assistant: Beverly Falby Staff Director: David Feltman (202) 225-5665 (202) 225-1313 Congressman Mark Sanford (R-South Carolina) Congressman Harry Johnston (D-Rorida) Legislative Assistant: David John Legislative Assistant: Cliff Kupchan (202) 225-3176 (202) 225-3001

CS/5 AFRICA NOTES is a briefing paper series designed to serve the special needs of decision makers and analysts with Africa-related responsibilities in governments, corporations, the media, research institutions, universities, and other arenas. It is a publication of the African Studies Program of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, D.C. CSIS is a private, nonpartisan, nonprofit policy research institute founded in 1962.

Editor: Director of African Studies Helen Kitchen Deputy Editor: J. Coleman Kitchen

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ISSN 0736-9506