DOCSLIB.ORG

ISSN 2009-8987 Reinstatement of the Genera Gongolaria Boehmer And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ISSN 2009-8987 Reinstatement of the Genera Gongolaria Boehmer And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`GO0!DTUG)! _693:!]J&',&)5/+5%$#(!5S+#$%45/+'5!@;93&%A'^!'&4F%+'B5)F%a!T(1($%5S+#$U45/+'5!P)5)5;3+,-2!a! J&',&)5/+5%5S+#$U45/+'5!7P)5)5;3+,-?!K$-AM3)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;:!M/#O*515'*"5!KLAM,-<0!."C1&)&,+5%,#'#/5)+$:!O`O0!DENO)! R3A3&'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!G511+Q#/!\'$883+0!T)&/#%;(%!5)B5;&$:!JN0!DEGU)!_693:!T(1($%S5115*($! P)5)5;3+,-)!=&'+)+Q#/5%PA%1V2'$830!=V4&+/#$%;#%)5%W&1+V*V%I4OV/+5)#%;#$%?5*(/5)+$*#$%;#% =&$1&(!F:!`T0!DEGJ0!'&4F%+))#,F2%'&'%=&'+)+Q#/5!(#%-8'-!7@$*#/51#5#?)!_693:!T(1($%Q+S/&$($! R$#8'-!7ZT(1($%S5115*($!P)5)5;3+,-?)! 4381&,9A,'-:!_23!<3-$8!2%8!A23!12%&%1A3&8!'B!M/#O*515'*"5!KLAM,-<!%8!%;3-#3#!Q6!H&3++%-%!I!%+)! 7FGDJ:!YE[!NEN?)! .'A3:!J&',&)5/+5!S'32;3&!7,-!X$#>,<!DTUG?!>%8!9$Q+,823#!%8!%!-3>!<3-$8!-%;3!B'&!A23!9&3b X,--%3%-!9'+6-';,%+!]J&',&)5/+5%$#(%5S+#$%45/+'5^!'B!@;93&%A'!7DUJ`:!ENN?0!8,;$+A%-3'$8+6! 3c1+$#,-<!@1+'5/+5!4'-%A,0!DT`E!74'-%A,!DT`E:!FU0!OO0!9+)!d:!B,<)!D?!>,A2!A23!8A%A3;3-A!]e!5;% Q(1(4%/#Q#/*(/%5%3+''5#&^!YA'!T(1($!&3B3&&3#!Q6!X,--%3$8[)!.'!#38,<-%A,'-8!B'&!A23!8931,38!>3&3! ,-A&'#$13#!$-A,+!K$-AM3!7DEJD:!EJ`?!A69,B,3#!,A!>,A2!JF%5S+#$U45/+'5!7P)5)5;3+,-?!K$-AM3)! ! J&',&)5/+5%5S+#$U45/+'5!7P)5)5;3+,-?!K$-AM30!H#B+$+&%,#'#/(4%O)5'*5/(4!F:!EJ`0!DEJD)! S%8,'-6;:!T(1($%5S+#$U45/+'5%P)5)5;3+,-0!L+$*&/+5%Q(1&/(4:!EO0!DTUE)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%5S+#$U45/+'5!7P)5)5;3+,-?!C)(<%&#20!WO#1+#$%5),5/(4!D7D?:!`N0! DEFG)!T(1($%1&/'+1()5*($%f$+B3-%+'%g%1h$,-0!!&))#1*5'#5:!O`E0!DTEU0!'&4F%+))#,)!J&',&)5/+5% 1&/'+1()5*5!7f$+B3-?!K$-AM30!H#B+$+&%,#'#/(4%O)5'*5/(4!F:!EJ`0!DEJD0!'&4F%+))#,F! R3A3&'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!M/#O*515'*"5%,/51+))+45!KLAM,-<%."C1&)&,+5%,#'#/5)+$:!O`N0!DENO)! ."C))515'*"5%4&'+)+Q&/4+$!KLAM,-<0!."C1&)&,+5%,#'#/5)+$:!O`U0!DENO)!M/#O*515'*"5%4&'*5,'#+! KLAM,-<%WO#1+#$%5),5/(4:!`JN0!DENJ)!! !"#$%&%'(%!&)% !"#$%&'()*+,+-.-.+/(0+12)("%34+5#06+177033+1%)&780+9&3)%&:2)09+2690%+!%01)&;0+!"<<"63+=))%&:2)&"6+>&70630+!!+?@AB!4+ ! !"#$%&'$('%$)*+*,-*.$'/'/0$ 122!$'//34535&$ !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !"#$"%&'(&+&%$.'(.#-(-)7i3+#;%--?!1&4SF%'&BF+ S%8,'-6;:!!C$*&$#+/5%5),#/+#'$+$%i3+#;%--0!G())#*+'%;#%)5%W&1+V*V%;XL+$*&+/#%?5*(/#))#%;#%)X@Q/+Y(#% ;(%?&/;%O`:!T0!DJN`)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;:!M/#O*515'*"5%5),#/+#'$+$%7i3+#;%--?!H&3++%-%!I!P%-8j-0!P(/&O#5'%Z&(/'5)% &Q%."C1&)&,C!`N7O?:!NUD0!FGDJ)! ! !"#$"%&'(&+4&**&5&!7P)5)5;3+,-?+1&4SF%'&BF% S%8,'-6;:!T(1($%S5115*($!P)5)5;3+,-0!L+$*&/+5%Q(1&/(4:!JG0!9+)!@@@:!B,<)!F0!DTUE)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%S5115*5!7P)5)5;3+,-?!k)C)P,+/%0!A'+B#/$+*C%&Q%!5)+Q&/'+5% .(S)+15*+&'$%+'%G&*5'C!F`:!FEG0!DJ`F)!M/#O*515'*"5%S5115*5!7P)5)5;3+,-?!H&3++%-%!I!P%-8j-0! P(/&O#5'%Z&(/'5)%&Q%."C1&)&,C!`N7O?:!N`U0!FGDJ)! R3A3&'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!T(1($%5S/&*5'&+;#$!P)5)5;3+,-0!L+$*&/+5%Q(1&/(4:!JG0!DTUE)!T(1($% Q+S/&$($!R$#8'-0!T)&/5%5',)+15:!`T`0!DTTE)!!C$*&$#+/5%Q+S/&$5!7R$#8'-?!C)(<%&#20!WO#1+#$% 5),5/(4!D7D?:!U`0!DEFG)!=51[5+5%Q+S/&$5!7R$#8'-?!P)i)5&%60!@%'5*(/5)%5//5',#4#'*%&Q%G/+*+$"% O)5'*$!D:!OJF0!DEFD)!."C))515'*"5%Q+S/&$5!7P)5)5;3+,-?!KLAM,-<0!."C1&)&,+5%,#'#/5)+$:!O`U0! DENO)!J&',&)5/+5%Q+S/&$5!7R$#8'-?!K$-AM30!H#B+$+&%,#'#/(4!O)5'*5/(4!F:!EJ`0!DEJD)% !C$*&$#+/5%*"#$+&O"C))5!4$Q60!G&*5'+1&'%,5))+1(4!F:!JOT0!DEOG)!."C))515'*"5%*"#$+&O"C))5! 74$Q6?!KLAM,-<0!M5S()5#%O"C1&)&,+15#%DG:!DO0!9+)!O`:!B,<)!@@0!DEUG)! + J&',&)5/+5%S5/S5*5!7PA%1V2'$83?!K$-AM30!H#B+$+&%,#'#/(4%O)5'*5/(4!F:!EJ`0!DEJD)! S%8,'-6;:!@S/&*5'+Q&)+5%S5/S5*5!PA%1V2'$830%=V4&+/#$%;#%)5%W&1+V*V%I4OV/+5)#%;#$%?5*(/5)+$*#$%;#% =&$1&(!F:!ED0!DEGJ)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!T(1($%S5/S5*($!5''#3-'$<2!I!f''#>%&#0!M/5'$51*+&'$%&Q%*"#%3+''#5'% W&1+#*C%&Q%3&';&'!O:!DGO0!DTJT0!'&4F%+))#,F2%'&'%T(1($%S5/S5*($!X,--%3$80!DT`O)!."/C,5'#))5% S5/S5*5!7PA%1V2'$83?!PA%1V2'$830!?#/#+$%S/+*5''+15:!c,0!DEDU)!!C$*&$#+/5%S5/S5*5!7PA%1V2'$83?! C)(<%&#20!WO#1+#$%5),5/(4!D7D?:!`T0!DEFG)!M/#O*515'*"5%S5/S5*5!7PA%1V2'$83?!H&3++%-%!I! P%-8j-0!P(/&O#5'%Z&(/'5)%&Q%."C1&)&,C!`N7O?:!N`U0!FGDJ)! R3A3&'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%"&OO#+!C)(<%&#20!WO#1+#$%5),5/(4!D7D?:!`J0!DEFG!7l"&OO++>?)! !C$*&$#+/5%S5/S5*5!/%&)!"&OO#+!7C)(<%&#2?!g)(<%&#20!@),5#%45/+$%=#;+*#//5'#+%#*%@;/+5*+1+:!`D0! DENF)!!C$*&$#+/5%S5/S5*5!B)!"&OO#+!7C)(<%&#2?!f'&'-,12,-0!H($$[+\%S&*5'+1"#$[+\%]"(/'5)!DJGE! 7ObN?:!DDT0!DJGE)! + !"#$"%&'(&+.%.$&#-+7P%$/%<3%$?0!1&4SF%'&BF% S%8,'-6;:!!C$*&$#+/5%#)#,5'$!P%$/%<3%$0!G())#*+'%;#%)5%W*5*+&'%G+&)&,+Y(#%;X@/151"&'!DN:!FJF0! `DT0!DJDF)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;:!M/#O*515'*"5%#)#,5'$!7P%$/%<3%$?!H&3++%-%!I!P%-8j-0!P(/&O#5'%Z&(/'5)%&Q% ."C1&)&,C!`N7O?:!N`T0!FGDJ)! ! !"#$"%&'(&+6&7'(5&#(*&)7P%$/%<3%$?!1&4SF%'&BF% S%8,'-6;:!!C$*&$#+/5%45(/+*5'+15!P%$/%<3%$!7,-!R%&,'A?0!G())#*+'%;#%)5%W&1+V*V%G&*5'+Y(#%;#% T/5'1#!`E:!NNG0!DJDD)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;:!M/#O*515'*"5%45(/+*5'+15!7P%$/%<3%$?!H&3++%-%!I!P%-8j-0!P(/&O#5'% Z&(/'5)%&Q%."C1&)&,C!`N7O?:!N`E0!FGDJ)! R3A3&'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%$#)5,+'&+;#$!/%&)!,+S/5)*5/+15!P%$/%<3%$0!G())#*+'%;#%)5%W*5*+&'% G+&)&,+Y(#%;X@/151"&'!FF:!FG0!DJFG)!!C$*&$#+/5%$5(B5,#5(5'5!/%&)!,+S/5)*5/+15!7P%$/%<3%$?! R%;3+0!."V&O"C1V#$%;#%T/5'1#F%T5$1F%^F:!NGG0!DJOJ)!!C$*&$#+/5%,+S/5)*5/+15!7P%$/%<3%$?! k)g)X)4%-<3%&#0!3#%G&*5'+$*#!ON:!DFE0!DJNJ)! % J&',&)5/+5%4&'*5,'#+!7C)(<%&#2?!K$-AM30!H#B+$+&%,#'#/(4%O)5'*5/(4!F:!EJ`0!DEJD)! S%8,'-6;:!!C$*&$#+/5%4&'*5,'#+!g)(<%&#20!@),5#%45/+$%=#;+*#//5'#+%#*%@;/+5*+1+:!NT0!DENF)! !"#$%*%'(%!&)% !"#$%&'()*+,+-.-.+/(0+12)("%34+5#06+177033+1%)&780+9&3)%&:2)09+2690%+!%01)&;0+!"<<"63+=))%&:2)&"6+>&70630+!!+?@AB!4+ ! !"#$%&'$('%$)*+*,-*.$'/'/0$ 122!$'//34535&$ !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!."C))515'*"5%4&'*5,'#+%7g)(<%&#2?!KLAM,-<0!WO#1+#$%5),5/(4:!`JT0!DENJ)! M/#O*515'*"5%4&'*5,'#+!7g)(<%&#2?!H&3++%-%!I!P%-8j-0!P(/&O#5'%Z&(/'5)%&Q%."C1&)&,C!`N7O?:! N`E0!FGDJ0!'&4F%+))#,F2%'&'%M/#O*515'*"5%4&'*5,'#+!KLAM,-<0!DENJ)!M/#O*515'*"5%S5))#$*#/&$++! H&3++%-%!I!P%-8j-0!?&*()5#%@),5/(4!DGJ:!D0!FGDJ)! R3A3&'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%$O+'&$5!P%$/%<3%$0!G())#*+'%;#%)5%W*5*+&'%G+&)&,+Y(#% ;X@/151"&'!DN:!FGD0!`DJ0!DJDF)%!C$*&$#+/5%5;/+5*+15!P%$/%<3%$0!G())#*+'%;#%)5%W*5*+&'% G+&)&,+Y(#%;X@/151"&'!DN:!FNJ0!`DE0!DJDF)! .'A3:!H&3++%-%!I!%+)%7FGDJ?!,-1+$#3#!T(1($%#/+15U45/+'5!P)5)5;3+,-0!DTUE0!'&4F%+))#,F!75;3+,-! DTUE:!DFE0!9+)!DD:!B,<)!F0!lT(1($%#/+15%45/+'5m?0!%8!%!86-'-6;!'B!A2,8!8931,380!#389,A3!,A8!Q3,-<! Q%83#!'-!A23!8%;3!#38,<-%A,'-!Q6!\%6!7DTFN?!$83#!Q6!X,--%3$8!7DTUO?!B'&!2,8!T(1($%#/+1&+;#$! %-#!,-1+$#,-<!T(1($%*545/+$1+Q&)+5!R$#8'-!7R$#8'-!DTUF:!NUT?!,-!86-'-6;6!75;3+,-!DTUE:! DFE0!]Q)F%5',)F!9)!NUJ)!-)!DO^?)!! ! !"#$"%&'(&+6"#5&$#.(+/%&)!5.#7("')7"&13<'/,n?!1&4SF%'&BF% S%8,'-6;:%!C$*&$#+/5%5;/+5*+15!8$Q89)!*#'(+&/!"&13<'/,n0!T5('5%+%T)&/5%Z5;/5'5F%Z5;/5'$[#% 1+$*&]+/#F%?0+"&B5%4&/Q&)&,+052%#[&)&,+05%+%/5]B+*5[%F:!DGT0!DJ`F)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%5;/+5*+15!B)!*#'(+&/!7"&13<'/,n?!5,%11'-30!G&))#**+'&%;#))#%$#;(*#% ;#))5%@115;#4+5%J+&#'+5%;+%W1+#']#%?5*(/5)+%+'%!5*5'+5!DE7OFU?:!JGU0!DJE`)!!C$*&$#+/5%$O+'&$5! /%&)!*#'(+&/!7"&13<'/,n?!C'&;%1,0!5)i$&-%&,0!5,%11'-30!P1%;;%11%0!I!P3&,'0!G())#*+'%;#% )XI'$*+*(*%_1V5'&,/5O"+Y(#%;#%=&'51&!J:!OG0!DJJF)!!C$*&$#+/5%4&'*5,'#+!/%&)!*#'(+&/! 7"&13<'/,n?!d3&+%h$30!S+%-B$-o0!S'$#'$&38h$30!_2,Q%$A!I!P3++%;0!!/CO*&,54+#%@),&)&,+#! OE7F?:!D`O0!FGDT)! R3A3&'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%5;/+5*+15!8$Q89)!/#;(1*5%"&13<'/,n0!T5('5%+!T)&/5%Z5;/5'5F% Z5;/5'$[#%1+$*&]+/#F%?0+"&B5%4&/Q&)&,+052%#[&)&,+05%+%/5]B+*5[!F:!DGE0!DJ`F)!!C$*&$#+/5%5;/+5*+15! B)!/#;(1*5!7"&13<'/,n?!5,%11'-30!G&))#**+'&%;#))#%$#;(*#%;#))5%@115;#4+5%J+&#'+5%;+%W1+#']#% ?5*(/5)+%+'%!5*5'+5!DE7OFU?:!JGU0!DJE`)!!C$*&$#+/5%05S([5#!"&13<'/,n0!T5('5%+!T)&/5%Z5;/5'5F% Z5;/5'$[#%1+$*&]+/#F%?0+"&B5%4&/Q&)&,+052%#[&)&,+05%+%/5]B+*5[!F:!DGJ0!9+)!p@d!%0!DJ`F)! + !"#$"%&'(&+#"8(*&7%(-)7f,A23&,-<?!1&4SF%'&BF% S%8,'-6;:!T(1($%'&;+15()+$!f,A23&,-<0!@'%5//5',#4#'*%&Q%G/+*+$"%O)5'*$!"#)!O0!N:!DDD0!DTJU)! R';'A69,1!86-'-6;8:!!C$*&$#+/5%'&;+15()+$!7f,A23&,-<?!*)\'Q3&A80!G/+*+$"%."C1&)&,+15)%G())#*+'!
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Oxygenated Acyclic Diterpenes with Anticancer Activity from the Irish Brown Seaweed Bifurcaria Bifurcata
    marine drugs Article Oxygenated Acyclic Diterpenes with Anticancer Activity from the Irish Brown Seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata Vangelis Smyrniotopoulos 1, Christian Merten 2, Daria Firsova 1, Howard Fearnhead 3 and Deniz Tasdemir 1,4,5,* 1 School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; [email protected] (V.S.); dashafi[email protected] (D.F.) 2 Organische Chemie 2, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany; [email protected] 3 Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 W2TY Galway, Ireland; [email protected] 4 GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Product Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany 5 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-431-600-4430 Received: 28 October 2020; Accepted: 19 November 2020; Published: 23 November 2020 Abstract: Brown alga Bifurcaria bifurcata is a prolific source of bioactive acyclic (linear) diterpenes with high structural diversity. In the continuation of our investigations on Irish brown algae, we undertook an in-depth chemical study on the n-hexanes and chloroform subextracts of B. bifurcata that led to isolation of six new (1–6) and two known (7–8) acyclic diterpenes. Chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, FT-IR, [α]D and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy. Compounds 1–8, as well as three additional linear diterpenes (9–11), which we isolated from the same seaweed before, were tested against the human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231).
    [Show full text]
  • Imported Food Risk Statement Hijiki Seaweed and Inorganic Arsenic
    Imported food risk statement Hijiki seaweed and inorganic arsenic Commodity: Hijiki seaweed Alternative names used for Hijiki include: Sargassum fusiforme (formerly Hizikia fusiforme, Hizikia fusiformis, Crystophyllum fusiforme, Turbinaria fusiformis), Hizikia, Hiziki, Cystophyllum fusiforme, deer-tail grass, sheep- nest grass, chiau tsai, gulfweed, gulf weed ,hai ti tun, hai toe din, hai tsao, hai tso, hai zao, Hijiki, me-hijiki, mehijiki, hijaki, naga-hijiki, hoi tsou, nongmichae. Analyte: Inorganic arsenic Recommendation and rationale Is inorganic arsenic in Hijiki seaweed a medium or high risk to public health? Yes No Uncertain, further scientific assessment required Rationale: Inorganic arsenic is genotoxic and is known to be carcinogenic in humans. Acute toxicity can result from high dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic. General description Nature of the analyte: Arsenic is a metalloid that occurs in inorganic and organic forms. It is routinely found in the environment as a result of natural occurrence and anthropogenic (human) activity (WHO 2011a). While individuals are often exposed to organic and inorganic arsenic through the diet, it is the inorganic species (which include arsenate V and arsenite III) that are more toxic to humans. Only inorganic arsenic is known to be carcinogenic in humans (WHO 2011a). Inorganic arsenic contamination of groundwater is common in certain parts of the world. Dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic occurs predominantly from groundwater derived drinking-water, groundwater used in cooking and commonly consumed foods such as rice and other cereal grains and their flours (EFSA 2009; WHO 2011a; WHO 2011b). However fruits and vegetables have also been found to contain levels of inorganic arsenic in the range of parts per billion (FSA 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Sunscreen, Antioxidant, and Bactericide Capacities of Phlorotannins from the Brown Macroalga Halidrys Siliquosa
    1 Journal Of Applied Phycology Achimer December 2016, Volume 28 Issue 6 Pages 3547-3559 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-016-0853-0 http://archimer.ifremer.fr http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00366/47682/ © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016 Sunscreen, antioxidant, and bactericide capacities of phlorotannins from the brown macroalga Halidrys siliquosa Le Lann Klervi 1, *, Surget Gwladys 1, Couteau Celine 2, Coiffard Laurence 2, Cerantola Stephane 3, Gaillard Fanny 4, Larnicol Maud 5, Zubia Mayalen 6, Guerard Fabienne 1, Poupart Nathalie 1, Stiger-Pouvreau Valerie 1 1 UBO, European Inst Marine Studies IUEM, LEMAR UMR UBO CNRS Ifremer IRD 6539, Technopole Brest Iroise, F-29280 Plouzane, France. 2 Nantes Atlant Univ, Univ Nantes, Fac Pharm, LPiC,MMS,EA2160, 9 Rue Bias,BP 53508, F-44000 Nantes, France. 3 UBO, RMN RPE MS, 6 Ave,Victor Le Gorgeu CS93837, F-29238 Brest 3, France. 4 CNRS, Plateforme Spectrometrie Masse MetaboMER, FR2424, Stn Biol, Pl Georges Teissier,BP 74, F-29682 Roscoff, France. 5 Venelle Carros, Labs Sci & Mer, CS 70002, F-29480 Le Relecq Kerhuon, France. 6 Univ Polynesie Francaise, EIO UMR 244, LabEx CORAIL, BP 6570, Faaa 98702, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia. * Corresponding author : Klervi Le Lann, email address : [email protected] Abstract : The present study focused on a brown macroalga (Halidrys siliquosa), with a particular emphasis on polyphenols and their associated biological activities. Two fractions were obtained by liquid/liquid purification from a crude hydroethanolic extract: (i) an ethyl acetate fraction and (ii) an aqueous fraction. Total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of extract and both fractions were assessed by in vitro tests (Folin–Ciocalteu test, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay, superoxide anion scavenging assay, and β-carotene–linoleic acid system).
    [Show full text]
  • The Valorisation of Sargassum from Beach Inundations
    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Review Golden Tides: Problem or Golden Opportunity? The Valorisation of Sargassum from Beach Inundations John J. Milledge * and Patricia J. Harvey Algae Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-0208-331-8871 Academic Editor: Magnus Wahlberg Received: 12 August 2016; Accepted: 7 September 2016; Published: 13 September 2016 Abstract: In recent years there have been massive inundations of pelagic Sargassum, known as golden tides, on the beaches of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and West Africa, causing considerable damage to the local economy and environment. Commercial exploration of this biomass for food, fuel, and pharmaceutical products could fund clean-up and offset the economic impact of these golden tides. This paper reviews the potential uses and obstacles for exploitation of pelagic Sargassum. Although Sargassum has considerable potential as a source of biochemicals, feed, food, fertiliser, and fuel, variable and undefined composition together with the possible presence of marine pollutants may make golden tides unsuitable for food, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals and limit their use in feed and fertilisers. Discontinuous and unreliable supply of Sargassum also presents considerable challenges. Low-cost methods of preservation such as solar drying and ensiling may address the problem of discontinuity. The use of processes that can handle a variety of biological and waste feedstocks in addition to Sargassum is a solution to unreliable supply, and anaerobic digestion for the production of biogas is one such process.
    [Show full text]
  • Typification of Sargassum Filipendula C. Agardh (Phaeophyceae, Fucales, Sargassaceae) and the Names of Two Varieties
    FAU Institutional Repository http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/fauir This paper was submitted by the faculty of FAU’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute. Notice: ©1990 International Association for Plant Taxonomy. This manuscript is an author version with the final publication available and may be cited as: Hanisak, M. D., & Kilar, J. A. (1990). Typification of Sargassum Filipendula C. Agardh (Phaeophyceae, Fucales, Sargassaceae) and the names of two varieties. Taxon, 39(1), 94-98. doi: 10.2307/1223194 Made in United States ofAmerica Reprinted from TAXON Vol. 39, No.1, February 1990 Copyright © 1990 by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy TYPIFICATION OF SARGASSUM FlLIPENDULA C. AGARDH (PHAEOPHYCEAE, FUCALES, SARGASSACEAE) AND THE NAMES OF TWO VARIETIES M. Dennis Hanisak' and John A. Kilar-? Summary Lectotype specimens are designated for the brown alga, Sargassum filipcndula C. Agardh var. ftlipendula. and two of its varieties, S ..filitrcndulo var. laxum J. Agardh and S. filipendula var. con­ tractum J. Agardh. Introduction Sargassum C. Agardh (1820: I) is one of the largest, most morphologically complex genera in the Phaeophyta and occurs in temperate to tropical areas throughout the world (Nizamuddin, 1970). The Marine Botany Department. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution. 5600 Old Dixie Highway, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, U.S.A. Mote Marine Laboratory. 1600 City Island Park. Sarasota, FL 33577, U.S.A. FEBRUARY 1990 95 Fig. 1. Lectotype ofSargassumfilipendula C. Agardh ver.filipendula (Agardh Herbarium specimen number 3253. LD). existence ofconsiderable morphological variability in taxonomically important features renders specific determinations difficult. Causes of this morphological variability have been attributed to environ­ mental or phenotypic plasticity (e.g., Taylor, 1960; Soe-Htun and Yoshida, 1986), ontogenetic forms (Critchley, 1983a, b; Kilar and Hanisak, 1988), polymorphism within individual populations (Kilar and Hanisak, in press), and hybridization between taxa (Taylor, 1960; Paula and Oliveira, 1982).
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Benthic Brown Algae (Ochrophyta) from Hainan Island (1990 - 2016)
    Titlyanova TV et al. Ochrophyta from Hainan Data Paper New records of benthic brown algae (Ochrophyta) from Hainan Island (1990 - 2016) Tamara V. Titlyanova1, Eduard A. Titlyanov1, Li Xiubao2, Bangmei Xia3, Inka Bartsch4 1National Scientific Centre of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia; 2Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; 3Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, 266071 Qingdao, PR China; 4Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany Corresponding author: E Titlyanov, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract This study reports on the intertidal and shallow subtidal brown algal flora from Hainan Island in the South China Sea, based on extensive sample collection conducted in 1990, 1992 and 2008−2016. The analysis revealed 27 new records of brown algae for Hainan Island, including 5 species which also constitute new records for China. 21 of these species are de- scribed with photographs and an annotated list of all species with information on life forms, habitat (localities and tidal zones) and their geographical distribution is provided. Keywords: Hainan Island, new records, seaweeds, brown algae Introduction et al. 1994; Hodgson & Yau 1997; Tadashi et al. 2008). Overall, algal species richness also changed. Hainan Island is located on the subtropical northern Partial inventory of the benthic flora of Hainan has periphery of the Pacific Ocean in the South China Sea already been carried out (Titlyanov et al. 2011a, 2015, 2016; (18˚10′-20˚9′ N, 108˚37′-111˚1′ E).
    [Show full text]
  • First Report of the Asian Seaweed Sargassum Filicinum Harvey (Fucales) in California, USA
    First Report of the Asian Seaweed Sargassum filicinum Harvey (Fucales) in California, USA Kathy Ann Miller1, John M. Engle2, Shinya Uwai3, Hiroshi Kawai3 1University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA 2 Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA 3 Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Kobe 657–8501, Japan correspondence: Kathy Ann Miller e-mail: [email protected] fax: 1-510-643-5390 telephone: 510-387-8305 1 ABSTRACT We report the occurrence of the brown seaweed Sargassum filicinum Harvey in southern California. Sargassum filicinum is native to Japan and Korea. It is monoecious, a trait that increases its chance of establishment. In October 2003, Sargassum filicinum was collected in Long Beach Harbor. In April 2006, we discovered three populations of this species on the leeward west end of Santa Catalina Island. Many of the individuals were large, reproductive and senescent; a few were small, young but precociously reproductive. We compared the sequences of the mitochondrial cox3 gene for 6 individuals from the 3 sites at Catalina with 3 samples from 3 sites in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan region. The 9 sequences (469 bp in length) were identical. Sargassum filicinum may have been introduced through shipping to Long Beach; it may have spread to Catalina via pleasure boats from the mainland. Key words: California, cox3, invasive seaweed, Japan, macroalgae, Sargassum filicinum, Sargassum horneri INTRODUCTION The brown seaweed Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, originally from northeast Asia, was first reported on the west coast of North America in the early 20th c. (Scagel 1956), reached southern California in 1970 (Setzer & Link 1971) and has become a common component of California intertidal and subtidal communities (Ambrose and Nelson 1982, Deysher and Norton 1982, Wilson 2001, Britton-Simmons 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • Atlantic Cystoseira Tamariscifolia Complex Show a Southern Iberian
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Marine forests of the Mediterranean- Atlantic Cystoseira tamariscifolia complex show a southern Iberian Received: 19 January 2018 Accepted: 26 June 2018 genetic hotspot and no reproductive Published: xx xx xxxx isolation in parapatry Ricardo Bermejo1,2,3, Rosa M. Chefaoui 3, Aschwin H. Engelen3, Roberto Buonomo 3,4, João Neiva 3, Joana Ferreira-Costa3, Gareth A. Pearson 3, Núria Marbà 5, Carlos M. Duarte6, Laura Airoldi4, Ignacio Hernández7, Michael D. Guiry8 & Ester A. Serrão3 Climate-driven range-shifts create evolutionary opportunities for allopatric divergence and subsequent contact, leading to genetic structuration and hybrid zones. We investigate how these processes infuenced the evolution of a complex of three closely related Cystoseira spp., which are a key component of the Mediterranean-Atlantic seaweed forests that are undergoing population declines. The C. tamariscifolia complex, composed of C. tamariscifolia s.s., C. amentacea and C. mediterranea, have indistinct boundaries and natural hybridization is suspected. Our aims are to (1) infer the genetic structure and diversity of these species throughout their distribution ranges using microsatellite markers to identify ancient versus recent geographical populations, contact zones and reproductive barriers, and (2) hindcast past distributions using niche models to investigate the infuence of past range shifts on genetic divergence at multiple spatial scales. Results supported a single, morphologically plastic species the genetic structure of which was incongruent with a priori species assignments. The low diversity and low singularity in northern European populations suggest recent colonization after the LGM. The southern Iberian genetic hotspot most likely results from the role of this area as a climatic refugium or a secondary contact zone between diferentiated populations or both.
    [Show full text]
  • Extraction Assistée Par Enzyme De Phlorotannins Provenant D'algues
    Extraction assistée par enzyme de phlorotannins provenant d’algues brunes du genre Sargassum et les activités biologiques Maya Puspita To cite this version: Maya Puspita. Extraction assistée par enzyme de phlorotannins provenant d’algues brunes du genre Sargassum et les activités biologiques. Biotechnologie. Université de Bretagne Sud; Universitas Diponegoro (Semarang), 2017. Français. NNT : 2017LORIS440. tel-01630154v2 HAL Id: tel-01630154 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01630154v2 Submitted on 9 Jan 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Enzyme-assisted extraction of phlorotannins from Sargassum and biological activities by: Maya Puspita 26010112510005 Doctoral Program of Coastal Resources Managment Diponegoro University Semarang 2017 Extraction assistée par enzyme de phlorotannins provenant d’algues brunes du genre Sargassum et les activités biologiques Maria Puspita 2017 Extraction assistée par enzyme de phlorotannins provenant d’algues brunes du genre Sargassum et les activités biologiques par: Maya Puspita Ecole Doctorale
    [Show full text]
  • Original Article
    Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com ISSN: 2230-9926 International Journal of Development Research Vol. 09, Issue, 01, pp.25214-25215, January, 2019 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLEORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS SPECIES COMPOSITION, FREQUENCY AND TOTAL DENSITY OF SEAWEEDS *Christina Litaay, Hairati Arfah Centre for Deep Sea Research, Indonesian Institute of Sciences ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: This study was conducted to determine the species composition, frequency and total density of Received 27th October, 2018 seaweeds found on the island of Nusalaut. There were 33 species of seaweed. Of the 33 species, Received in revised form 15 were from the class of Chlorophyceae (45.5%), 10 species from Rhodophyceae (30.3%), and 9 14th November, 2018 species from Phaeophyceae (27.3%).Total frequency showed the highest Gracilaria Accepted 01st December, 2018 (Rhodopyceae) of 29.63% in Akoon and Titawaii is 20.34%, while Halimeda (Chloropyceae) of th Published online 30 January, 2019 19.60% found on the Nalahia. Highest total frequency Phaeophyceae (Padina) is 12.96% found on the Akoon. The highest value of total density is village Ameth that is 1984 gr / m² is from the Key Words: Rhodophyceae group (Acantophora), Nalahia is 486 gr/m² from the Cholorophyceae group Frequency, (Halimeda), and Akoon that is 320 gr/m² from the Phaeophyceae group (Padina). Species composition, Seaweed, Total density. Copyright © 2019, Christina Litaay, Hairati Arfah. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Citation: Christina Litaay, Hairati Arfah.
    [Show full text]
  • Bioactive Properties of Sargassum Siliquosum J. Agardh (Fucales, Ochrophyta) and Its Potential As Source of Skin-Lightening Active Ingredient for Cosmetic Application
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 10(07), pp 051-058, July, 2020 Available online at http://www.japsonline.com DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2020.10707 ISSN 2231-3354 Bioactive properties of Sargassum siliquosum J. Agardh (Fucales, Ochrophyta) and its potential as source of skin-lightening active ingredient for cosmetic application Eldrin De Los Reyes Arguelles1*, Arsenia Basaran Sapin2 1 Philippine National Collection of Microorganisms, National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (BIOTECH), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Philippines. 2Food Laboratory, National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (BIOTECH), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Philippines. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received on: 18/12/2019 Seaweeds are notable in producing diverse kinds of polyphenolic compounds with direct relevance to cosmetic Accepted on: 08/05/2020 application. This investigation was done to assess the bioactive properties of a brown macroalga, Sargassum Available online: 04/07/2020 siliquosum J. Agardh. The alga has a total phenolic content of 30.34 ± 0.00 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g−1. Relative antioxidant efficiency showed that S. siliquosum exerted a potent diphenyl-1, 2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity and high ability of reducing copper ions in a dose-dependent manner with an IC value of 0.19 mg GAE Key words: 50 ml−1 and 18.50 μg GAE ml−1, respectively. Evaluation of antibacterial activities using microtiter plate dilution assay Antioxidant activity, revealed that S. siliquosum showed a strong activity against bacterial skin pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus (minimum Catanauan, cosmetics, inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 125 µg ml−1 and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) = 250 μg ml−1) and lightening ingredient, Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC = 250 µg ml−1 and MBC = 500 μg ml−1).
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Protected Areas in the Western Mediterranean Region – Mediterranean Database Completion and Analysis
    MARINE PROTECTED AREAS IN THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION – MEDITERRANEAN DATABASE COMPLETION AND ANALYSIS December 2018 Version 1 Supporting Implementation of Maritime Spatial Planning in the Western Mediterranean region European Commission Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Grant Agreement: EASME/EMFF/2015/1.2.1.3/02/SI2.742101 Component 1.3.2 – Spatial demands and future trends for maritime sectors and marine conservation Deliverable Lead Partner: Agence Française pour la Biodiversité in collaboration with MEDPAN Start date of the project: 01/01/2017 Duration: 24 months Version: 1.1 Contributors: Alloncle Neil, AFB; Borg Michelle, Malta Planning Authority; Cervera-Núñez Cristina, IEO; Campillos-Llanos Mónica, IEO; Gómez-Ballesteros María, IEO; De Magalhaes Ana Vitoria, AFB Dissemination level PU Public PP Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission services) RE Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (Including the Commission services) Disclaimer: The contents and conclusions of this report, including the maps and figures, do not imply the expression of any opinion or endorsement of the participating partners concerning the legal status of any country, territory, area, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names and related data shown on maps included in this report are not warranted to be error free nor do they imply official endorsement or acceptance by any of the participating partners. This report is a working document and may rely on data from sources external to the SIMWESTMED project Consortium and, in addition to this, it may contain some information gaps.
    [Show full text]