Waterton/Glacier Park Critters
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1986-NO. 2 Visitor Services July Wmtm^i^m ifjjy ^lf sH! jgfc sisam*. ^Sk MBB^. 4SR\MM\ %&%J MMJPML WATERTON/SLACIEM NATIONAL PARK, MONTANA & CANADA About 70 million years ago, a great plate of "Permanently commemorating the relationship of Peace and Good-will existing between symbol and more of a reality. sedimentary rock surrendered to the peoples and government of Canada and the United States." As a visitor and owner of National Parks, overwhelming forces within the Earth's you too can become involved in the spirit! crust. Rising only the thickness of a pencil Stop off at some of the many plaques and lead each year, it crept over younger, monuments in both parks which neighbouring rock along a fault-line known commemorate the peace park idea and those today as the Lewis Overthrust. The plate of involved in it. Waterton-Glacier was the rock finally came to rest sixty kilometers world's first International Peace Park, so it east of its starting point. Carved by glaciers, might be worth a picture to show the folks at etched by running water, it evolved into an home! Both National Parks have dedicated area of mountains we call the Border exhibit pavilions which celebrate our Ranges. closeness. Besides learning a little more About 140 years ago, the Oregon Treaty about the origins and philosophy, you'll find was signed and the people of two countries both these locations to be tranquil and divided these ranges with a superficial picturesque — symbolizing peace them boundary - the U.S.A.-Canada border. selves through words, pictures, architecture Animal populations and native people and setting. If you're the more active type, continued to use the area as they had always join an American interpreter and a Canadian done. The distinctive flora of the Border Interpreter for a full day hike between two Ranges continued to exist on both sides of countries, alongside the spectacular Upper the boundary. Waterton Lake. No customs declarations on About 54 years ago, these two countries this trip, just good times and friendly finally recognized that the lands of the Border company! The less hearty can make a similar Ranges, with their common natural and Prince of Wales Hotel and Waterton Lake. T.J. Hileman photo trip on one of the boat tours leaving Waterton cultural elements, should not be divided. The Park townsite. Get more information on all National Parks which had been created stands as an example of conservation and beginnings. Actions in one park may affect these locations and activities when you visit separately on each side of the border to pre cooperation in a world of shared resources. the other so cooperation between the parks your nearest park Information Centre. serve and protect this distinctive land were Waterton and Glacier share many similar in management and interpretation occurs The Waterton-Glacier International Peace joined symbolically. Waterton-Glacier Inter policies, practices and problems. We share regularly. The newspaper you are now Park may only be a small piece of land on national Peace Park was created. It repre wildlife, seeds that travel with people and holding is just one sample of the sharing of this Earth, but it is a large symbol of what sented peace, goodwill and shared values animals, fire and water. There is common our resources and ideas. could be achieved with similar efforts in the along the world's longest undefended border. ground with search and rescue, law enforce For the future, challenges still exist to fields of world peace and heritage conserva Today our peace park has become more. It ment, interpretation and our early history and make the International Peace Park less of a tion. Bighorn Mountain Sheep NPS photo Mountain Goat in Glacier National Park, Montana. NPS photo One Moment, Please Emergency or Fire Index A Glacier National Park experience can be a rewarding one enhanced by understanding For West Glacier Area, call 888-5407. Warden Service/First Aid 859-2352 or 859- and learning as much as you can about the For St. Mary area, call 732-4401. 2477, R.C.M.P. (Police) 859-2244 or Zenith Page 2 — Bears and Did You Know park and its environment. For Marty Glacier area, call 732-5533. 50000. FOR YOUR SAFETY For Waterton area, Park emergency number Be sure to give name, location and type of Page 3 - Kids' Page Take a moment to inform yourself about: 859-2636, Fire Alarm 859-2222, Park emergency. Remain calm. 1. Bears Page 4 and 5 - Waterton Park 2. Boating 3. Safe drinking water Visitor Centers 4. Ticks Page 6 and 7 — Interpretive Programs 5. Hiking and climbing safety Glacier Park Headquarters - Open week (406)732-4424. 6. Pet regulations Page 8 — Services in Park 7. Traffic and motor vehicle restrictions days 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Phone 406-888- Logan Pass Visitor Center — Open 9:00 a.m. 8. Camping-Backcountry 5441. to 6:00 p.m. Located on the Continental Page 9 - Self-guided Trails and 9. Bicycling Apgar Visitor Center — Open 8:00 a.m. to Divide on the Going-to-the-Sun Road. No Services Outside Park Detailed information on the subjects are 8:00 p.m. Located in Apgar Village, 3 km (2 phone. available at Visitor Centers and Ranger Sta miles) from West Glacier. Phone 406-888- Page 10 — Special Programs tions. Many Glacier Information - 406-732-4493. EMERGENCY? Call 888-5407 (West) 5441, extension 313. Open 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Page 11 — Need to Know! 732-4401 (East) St. Mary Visitor Center - Open 8:00 a.m. to Waterton Information Bureau - Open 8:00 9:30 p.m. Located at the east entrance to a.m. to 9:30 p.m. Located in Waterton Page 12-Map the park near the village of St. Mary. Phone Townsite. Phone 403-859-2445. 2 - Waterton/Glacier Guide, July, 1986 Cushion plants The Inside Passage for $50.00 by Kathy Ahlenslager By Bert Gildart McDonald. From here, they could return to East Glacier by train. Summer warmth melts winter's snow When Glacier was first established as a This is one of the longer trips the late revealing cushion plants dotting the fellflieds park the only way to visit the area was George Noffsinger of Babb offered through above Logan Pass. Fellfields are literally astride a saddle. During those years, his Bar-X-Six (x6) Saddle Horse Company, stone fields of rocky ground and dry soil with Glacier's managers catered to this type of and it was a popular one until the advent of a sparse plant cover. Cushion plants are any that each floret blends into a massed travel and constructed chalets throughout World War II. one of a number of alpine plants that grow in showiness in its attempt to attract insect the park. Trails, too, were built, and by the With the passage of the war, a number of a dense low mat. They survive here as pollinators. 1920s, several traditional routes were modifications had been made within the park mounds of densely branching stems with Round small flowers do better in this often established. These trips became known as which combined to work against the small white to green leaves. Cushion plants, turbulent climate than the irregularly-shaped the North Loop, the Three-Day Triangle and continuation of horse use on a larger scale secured in place by deep taproots, have ones which fit best on a spike. The leaves of the Inside Passage. profitable basis. adapted to take advantage of minimum cushion plants are not discarded, but tightly Back in those days, an extended horse One factor was the construction of trails by warmth and moisture. clutched to the base of the clusters. The old pack trip such as the Inside Passage cost Franklin Roosevelt's CCC initiated group. But Their circular shape allows the wind to plant parts act like sponges and soak up about $50. During the course of this five-day the main factor was the construction of the flow easily over them. To survive the climate water, while helping to cover the ground to completely furnished outing, a visitor Going-to-the-Sun Highway in 1933. Now of the high country, plants must be thrifty keep evaporation to a minimum. Their small embarking on this particular passage might visitors could travel through the heart of the and efficient users of energy. Temperatures leaves are adapted for water conservation start at East Glacier, arriving either by car or park at their own pace and without having to of these plants may be higher inside than with waxy, leathery or hairy coverings. train, Here, the individual would join 12-15 experience the discomforts of saddle out. Much of a plant's energy goes into root However hardy and well-adapted these others so inclined and, with their guide, the soreness. formation, so some plants only show half an small plants are to life in a fellfield, they are party would mount their horses and begin a Eight years later the war sealed the fate of inch of growth for 50 years. also fragile. They may take years to grow, a journey into Montana's "Land of Shining horse use in the park, and in 1940. Besides their mound shape, cushion plants moment to destroy and decades of brief Mountains." Noffsinger moved to end his saddle horse also share other similarities. Generally, the summers to restore. As long as we walk On the first day of this particular trip, the contract with the National Park Service.