Skrá Yfir Íslensk Skip Og Báta 2008
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Stofnvöktun Lunda 2017-2019
STOFNVÖKTUN LUNDA 2017-2019 Lokaskýrsla til Umhverfisstofnunar Árlegur stofnvöxtur lunda (λ) á Íslandi 2010-2019. Stofninn vex þegar λ > 1 og rénar þegar λ < 1, λ = 1 er sýnt með svartri láréttri línu. Veiðar eru stofnvistfræðilega ósjálfbærar þegar þegar λ < 1. Geometrískt meðaltal λ árin 2010-2019 er 0,96478, eða -2,73% fækkun á ári. Reiknuð fækkun með þessu meðaltali árabilið 2003-2019 er - 43,7%. Litir sýna þá IUCN flokka sem viðkomandi stofnvöxtur raðast á hverju ári: rauður; Í bráðri hættu – Critically Endangered; appelsínugulur; Í hættu – Endangered; gulur; Í nokkurri hættu – Vulnerable; grænn; Ekki í hættu – Least Concern. Erpur Snær Hansen 15. desember 2019 Náttúrustofa Suðurlands Stofnvöktun lunda á Íslandi 2017-2019 SAMANTEKT Lundi er algengastur og einna mest veiddur íslenskra fugla. Næstum allur lundi er nú veiddur í háf á varptíma og varð háfaveiði ríkjandi veiðiaðferð í Vestmannaeyjum um 1880 [1]. Þar hefur veiðimagn verið tengt sjávarhita frá 1880 [2]. Skiptast á hlý- og köld tímabil sem vara í um 35 ár (svonefnd AMO sveifla), og hefur veiði hnignað á hlýskeiðunum en aukist á kaldskeiðum. Núverandi hlýskeið hófst 1996 og hefur lundaveiði á landsvísu dregist saman um 90% 1995-2018, en samdrátturinn 1995-2007 nemur 73 prósentustigum, þ.e. áður en dregið var úr sókn. Líklegt er að lækkuð viðkoma á landsvísu skýri að mestu þennan samdrátt í veiðum, sem aftur endurspeglar neikvæð áhrif hitabreytinga og hugsanlega fleiri umhverfisþátta á aðalfæðutegundir lunda hérlendis, sandsíli og loðnu. Árlegur stofnvöxtur (λ) Íslenska lundastofnsins á landsvísu árabilið 2010-2019 var að meðaltali 0,96478 sem er undir stofnvistfræðilegum sjálfbærnimörkum (λ = 1). -
Iceland Can Be Considered Volcanologist “Heaven”
Iceland can be considered volcanologist “heaven” 1) Sub-aerial continuation of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge 2) Intersection of a mantle plume with a spreading ocean ridge 3) Volcanism associated with tectonic rifting 4) Sub-glacial volcanism 5) Tertiary flood (plateau) basalts 6) Bi-modal volcanism 7) Submarine volcanism 8) 18 historically active volcanoes 9) Eruptions roughly every 5 years 1. The North Atlantic opened about 54 Ma separating Greenland from Europe. 2. Spreading was initially along the now extinct Agir ridge (AER). 3. The Icelandic plume was under Greenland at that time. 4. The Greenland – Faeroe ridge represents the plume track during the history of the NE Atlantic. Kolbeinsey ridge (KR) 5. During the last 20 Ma the Reykjanes Ridge (RR) Icelandic rift zones have migrated eastward, stepwise, maintaining their position near the plume 6. The plume center is thought to be beneath Vatnajökull 1 North Rift Zone – currently active East Rift Zone – currently active West Rift Zone – last erupted about 1000-1300 AD [Also eastern (Oræfajökull) and western (Snæfellsnese) flank zones] Rift zones comprise en-echelon basaltic fissure swarms 5-15 km wide and up to 200 km long. Over time these fissures swarms develop a volcanic center, eventually maturing into a central volcano with a caldera and silicic Tertiary volcanics > 3.1 Ma volcanism Late Tertiary to Early Quaternary 3.1 – 0.7 Ma Neo-volcanic zone <0.7 - present Schematic representation of Iceland’s mantle plume. The crust is about 35 – 40 km thick Iceland’s mantle plume has been tomographically imaged down to 400 km. Some claim even deeper, through the transition zone, and down to the core – mantle boundary. -
Phoca Vitulina) in Icelandic Waters
Monitoring trends in the abundance of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Icelandic waters Erlingur Hauksson Fornistekkur 14, IS-109 Reykjavik, Iceland ABSTRACT Harbours seal ( Phoca vitulina) numbers along the coast of Iceland were monitored by aerial survey in the period 1980-2006. Trends in the abundance of the harbour seal population on the whole coast and in coastal regions of Iceland waters were estimated using ANCOVA on the sur - vey counts, corrected for the influence of several covariates. Harbour seals were found in every coastal area, but were most abundant in Faxaflói, Breiðafjörður and on the northwest coast in the beginning of this study. Harbour seal numbers declined significantly at a rate of res t = -0.04 (SE 0.005) y r-1 during this period. Decline was highest in Faxaflói and at the south coast ( ≅7%), while the east coast experienced a significant but lesser ( ≅1%) decline. Other coastal areas did not show significant trends. The northwest coast was the richest harbour seal area in Iceland in 2006. In Icelandic waters seals are commercially harvested, and unreported but probably high numbers of harbour seals are killed intentionally by shooting and accidentally in fishing gear each year. These factors likely contributed to the overall observed decline in seal numbers. Hauksson, E. 2010. Monitoring trends in the abundance of harbour seals ( Phoca vitulina ) in Icelandic waters. NAMMCO Sci. Publ. 8:227-244. INTRODUCTION ecosystem dynamics, its potential interactions with fisheries, the impacts of global climate An understanding of population status of the change, and other anthropogenic changes Icelandic harbour seal ( Phoca vitulina vituli - caused in habitat (Small et al. -
A CIRCUMNAVIGATION of ICELAND 2022 Route: Reykjavik, Iceland to Reykjavik, Iceland
A CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF ICELAND 2022 route: Reykjavik, Iceland to Reykjavik, Iceland 11 Days NG Explorer - 148 Guests National Geographic Resolution - 126 Guests Expeditions in: Jul/Aug From $11,920 to $29,610 * Iceland’s geology in all its manifestations––glaciers, geysers, thundering waterfalls, immense cliffs, geothermal springs, boiling mud pots, and rock and lava-scapes of unearthly beauty––is world-class. It alone makes a circumnavigation a very compelling idea. And when you add in the other itinerary components––Iceland’s people, their unique cultural heritage and contemporary character, the island’s geography and birdlife––seeing it all in one 360º expedition is irresistible. Call us at 1.800.397.3348 or call your Travel Agent. In Australia, call 1300.361.012 • www.expeditions.com DAY 1: Reykjavik / Embark padding Arrive in Reykjavík, the world’s northernmost capital, which lies only a fraction below the Arctic Circle and receives just four hours of sunlight in 2022 Departure Dates: winter and 22 in summer. Have a panoramic overview of the Old Town, including 21 Jun Hallgrímskirkja Cathedral with its 210-foot tower, 13 Jul, 22 Jul and perhaps shed some light on Nordic culture at 2023 Departure Dates: the National Museum, with its Viking treasures, artifacts, and unusual whalebone carvings on 3 Jul, 12 Jul, 21 Jul display. Embark National Geographic Resolution. (L,D) Important Flight Information Please confirm arrival and departure dates prior to booking flights. DAY 2: Flatey Island padding Explore Iceland’s western frontier, visiting Flatey Advance Payment: Island, a trading post for many centuries, for walks around the charming little hamlet that grew here, $1,500 and take a Zodiac cruise along the coast. -
Iceland Straight Baselines
2 STRAIGHT BASELINES: ICELAND Iceland's most recent action altering their system of straight baselines was the issuance on March 11, 1961, of the Regulations Concerning the Fishery Jurisdiction of Iceland. The Regulations were promulgated on April 22, 1961. These 1961 Regulations alter the straight baselines of the preceding decrees of 1952 and 1958. An exchange of notes between Iceland and the United Kingdom, on March 11, 1961, specified the changes that were to be made to the 1958 decree and incorporated in the new 1961 declaration. Iceland claims a four nautical-mile territorial sea and a 12 nautical mile fishery limit, as measured from the straight baselines. Iceland, although a signatory, is not a party to any of the four 1958 Geneva conventions on the law of the sea. These conventions concern the territorial sea and contiguous zone, the high seas, the continental shelf, and fishing and conservation of living resources of the high seas. The pertinent articles of the Regulations concerning the Fishery Jurisdiction of Iceland are as follows: Article 1 The fishery jurisdiction of Iceland shall be delimited 12 nautical miles outside base lines drawn between the following points: 1. Horn 66° 27'4 N Lat. 22° 24'5 W. Long. 2. Asbudarrif 66° 08'1 N 20° 11'2 W. 3. Siglunes 66° 11'9 N 18° 50'1 W. 4. Flatey 66° 10'3 N 17° 50'5 W. 5. Lagey 66° 17'8 N 17° 07'0 W. 6. Raudinupur 66° 30'7 N 16° 32'5 W. 7. Rifstangi 66° 32'3 N 16° 11'9 W 8. -
Circumnavigation of Celand I Cruising Aboard the Exclusively Chartered, New Small Ship Five-Star Le Bellot
Circumnavigation of CELAND I Cruising aboard the Exclusively Chartered, New Small Ship Five-Star Le Bellot June 28 to July 6, 2020 Round-Trip Air Included from Select Cities‡ Dear Alumni and Friends, Resting on the edge of the Arctic Circle, Iceland is a realm of astonishing beauty where nature reigns supreme. This otherworldly land of fire and ice is an ensemble of steaming fumaroles, bubbling mudpots, breathtaking waterfalls, venting geysers and calving glaciers. Join us for this unforgettable exploration through Iceland’s seemingly endless variations of magnificent scenery and fascinating cultural heritage. During our specially designed, seven‑night circumnavigation of this Nordic island nation, experience close encounters with Iceland’s primal landscapes and unique wildlife at the best time of year, when the Midnight Sun of the summer solstice melds into lingering twilight. Cruise aboard the exclusively chartered, Five‑Star Le Bellot—launching in 2020—able to cruise into small ports inaccessible to larger vessels and to alter course as ethereal waterways, rugged fjords and magisterial glaciers unfold before you. Explore cosmopolitan Reykjavík, the world’s northernmost capital and a vibrant example of Iceland’s egalitarian society. Visit seldom‑trod islands and coastal hamlets where the mythic lore and epic sagas of Iceland’s national identity are passed down through generations. Cruise into Siglufjörður, cross the Arctic Circle on Grímsey Island, touch ice fragments calved from Breiðamerkurjökull in UNESCO‑designated Vatnajökull National Park and marvel at dramatic Goðafoss, the “Waterfall of the Gods.” Look for orcas and humpback whales as you cruise past Surtsey, one of Earth’s youngest islands and a UNESCO World Heritage site. -
40. Magmatic Development of the Southeast Greenland Margin and Evolution of the Iceland Plume: Geochemical Constraints from Leg 1521
Saunders, A.D., Larsen, H.C., and Wise, S.W., Jr. (Eds.), 1998 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 152 40. MAGMATIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTHEAST GREENLAND MARGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE ICELAND PLUME: GEOCHEMICAL CONSTRAINTS FROM LEG 1521 Andrew D. Saunders,2 Hans Christian Larsen,3 and J. Godfrey Fitton4 ABSTRACT Leg 152, located on the southeast Greenland Margin, successfully recovered igneous rocks from three drill sites along a transect at 63°N: 915, 917, and 918. The margin is characterized by a 150-km-wide sequence of seaward-dipping reflectors (SDRS), and thus has an architecture typical of volcanic rifted margins. Site 917 was located close to the inboard, feather-edge of the SDRS, on the continental shelf, and drilling recovered rocks ranging in composition from picrite to dacite. Site 915 was immediately oceanward of Site 917, and Site 918 was located on the continental rise, in the main sequence of the SDRS. Drill- ing at both Sites 915 and 918 recovered basalt. Ash horizons were cored in the sediment column at Site 918 and Site 919 in the Irminger Basin. The oldest recovered lavas (the Lower and Middle Series from Site 917), erupted approximately 61 m.y. ago, sit on steeply dipping pre-rift metasediments. They are variably contaminated by ancient amphibolite- and granulite-facies crust, consistent with eruption in a continental setting before plate breakup. A few of the Lower Series lavas are high-MgO basalts. The amount of contamination decreased dramatically in the succeeding Upper Series lavas, which also show evidence for a rapid shallowing of the average depth of melting, and contain a high proportion of picrites and high-MgO basalts. -
Iceland the Land of Fire & Ice
EARLY BOOKING CANADIAN $ PRICING PRICING INC AIR ! REGISTER BY FEB LAST FEW CABINS ! 27, 2019 & SAVE $1,000 / COUPLE !** PROFESSIONAL ADVANCEMENT ESCAPE CME TOUR & CIRCUMNAVIGATION CRUISE OF ICELAND THE LAND OF FIRE & ICE May 10 – 24, 2019 The Organizers… Doctors-on-Tour > Doctors-on-Tour was created in 2000 and specializes in offering ecological, cultural, gastronomical and adventure travel to exotic destinations for physicians who want to combine learning and travelling. Our programs offer targeted educational programs offering updates on current topics of interest together with meetings and discussions with local health care representatives to specifically discuss common medical developments in, and challenges facing, the local health care systems in both Canada and the country where the meetings and discussions are being located. This also includes in-depth tours of hospital facilities (both public and private) in order to meet with local medical practitioners and review, and compare, facilities, techniques and practices on a first hand basis. We offer programs in several worldwide locations including to such diverse and intriguing areas as South America (Brazil, Chile/Argentina, Ecuador/Peru), Africa (Kenya/Tanzania, South Africa, Zanzibar, Kilimanjaro climb), India, Bhutan/Myanmar, China, South East Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos & Bali), Bhutan/Myanmar, Malaysia/Singapore, New Zealand and Europe (Eastern Europe, Spain). Additional information, including detailed program brochures downloadable in pdf format and recent testimonials, can be found at www.doctorsontour.ca . The company is a licensed retail travel organization under The Travel Industry Act of Ontario thereby affording complete protection of all monies paid prior to departure. (TICO registration no. 50009110). Contact us at - tel: 416-231-8466, toll free: 1-855-DOC-TOUR (362-8687) fax: 1-888-612-1459 e: [email protected] 1 Dr. -
The Skagafjörður Volcanic Zone – an Ephemeral Rift Zone
- 65 - The Skagafjörður Volcanic Zone – An ephemeral Rift Zone Árni Hjartarson Geological Museum, Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K National Energy Authority, Grensásvegur 9, 108 Reykjavik, Iceland Fax +354 568 8896 [email protected] Abstract In the Skagafjörður district, North Iceland, an unconformity with a sedimentary layer divides the strata pile into Neogene and Pleistocene volcanic successions. Neogene volcanism faded out 4-5 Ma when the area drifted out of the volcanic zone near the diverging boundaries of the North American and Eurasian crustal plates, after which erosion took over for about a million years. Volcanism started again at the beginning of the Pleistocene. Lava flows covered the eroded Neogene landscape and an uncon- formity was formed. It is proposed that the Pleistocene volcanic rocks above the unconformity all belong to a short-lived axial rift zone, the Skagafjörður zone. Eruptive sites belonging to this zone can be found dispersed in the area between the Hofsjökull central volcano and the mouth of Skagafjörður. The oldest volcanic formations of the Pleistocene rock series are from about 1.7 Ma, when rifting in the area started. The activity culminated in the early Pleistocene but declined in the late Pleistocene, and in the Holocene the activity seems to have been restricted entirely to the Hofsjökull central volcano. A prominent fault and fissure system belongs to the Skagafjörður zone. The tectonics indicate extension. It is suggested that a decline in the activity of the Iceland Mantle Plume, 2-3 million years ago, caused a rift jump away from the hot spot below Vatnajökull and formation of a temporary rift zone, the Skagafjörður zone, which for a while bridged the shortest way between the Reykjanes-Langjökull zone and Kolbeinsey ridge. -
Iceland's Natural Wonders
SPECIAL OFFER - SAVE £200 PER PERSON ICELAND’S NATURAL WONDERS A circumnavigation of Iceland aboard the Ocean Diamond 3rd to 12th June 2017 & 3rd to 12th June 2018 Geyser Puffin oin us for our circumnavigation of Iceland aboard the Grimsey Island Western Fjords ideally suited Ocean Diamond which we have chartered ARCTIC CIRCLE J Siglufjordur for our exploration. There is nowhere better to see nature in Breidafjordur Akuyeri Husavik Lake Myvatn the raw than Iceland, the ‘Land of Ice & Fire’ and during our Reykjavik expedition we will witness huge ice-caps and glaciers, active ICELAND Seydisfjordur volcanoes, gurgling mud pools, steaming hot springs and Westmann Djupivogur lava fields. If this were not enough, the immense scale of the Islands landscape is dominated by towering snow-capped mountains, thundering waterfalls and spontaneous erupting geysers. Europe’s least populated country offers the visitor an unparalleled experience of elemental forces EXPEDITION HIGHLIGHTS at work and whilst we sail its waters, we will look out for humpback whales, orcas and white-beaked dolphins taking advantage of weather conditions and possible sightings to achieve the maximum with • Full circumnavigation of the island our time. Early June is the optimum time for our expedition, the skies and rocks will be filled with the • Excellent bird watching opportunities whilst sights and sounds of puffins, guillemots and gannets, the wildflowers will be prevalent and the seas cruising, most notably whilst cruising past will hopefully be rich with whales and marine life. Latrabjarg and Hornbjarg cliffs In addition to the wildlife, the island also provides a unique historical, cultural and geological • Whale watching, most notably in the waters experience. -
Stofnvöktun Lunda 2018
STOFNVÖKTUN LUNDA 2018 Framvinduskýrsla til Umhverfisstofnunar Erpur Snær Hansen Desember 2018 Stofnvöktun lunda – Framvinduskýrsla 2018 ÁGRIP Lundi er algengastur og mest veiddur íslenskra fugla. Næstum allur lundi er nú veiddur í háf á varptíma og varð háfaveiði ríkjandi veiðiaðferð í Vestmannaeyjum um 1880 [1]. Þar hefur veiðimagn verið tengt sjávarhita frá 1880 [2]. Skiptast á hlý- og köld tímabil sem vara í um 35 ár, og hefur veiði hnignað á hlýskeiðunum en aukist á kaldskeiðum [2]. Núverandi hlýskeið hófst 1996 og hefur veiði á landsvísu dregist saman um 91% síðan 1995, en samdrátturinn 1995-2007 nemur 66 prósentustigum, þ.e. áður en dregið var úr sókn. Viðkoma, varpárangur og ábúð varphola hefur verið mjög breytileg milli fjögurra skilgreindra landsvæða, hæst á norðursvæði og fremur stöðug milli ára. Á Vestursvæði hafa orðið mestar breytingar, en þar hefur viðkoma, varpárangur og ábúð aukist mikið þar til síðustu tvö ár að bakslag hefur komið. Sandsíli hefur talsvert sést í fæðuburði síðust tvö ár, mest í Faxaflóa. Svo virðist sem sílið nái ekki að fjölga nægjanlega mikið til að ná fyrri stöðu sinni. Í Papey hefur viðkoma, varpárangur og ábúð verið á hægri niðurleið eftir núll-árin 2010 og 2011. Meðal viðkoma og varpárangur hafa verið lægst í Vestmannaeyjum, en meðal ábúð hin sama og á vestursvæði eða 25-30% lægri en á norður- og austursvæðunum. Viðkoma í Eyjum hefur verið svo lítil allt frá árinu 2003 að íslenski lundastofninn hefur verið í rénun síðan þá. Hlutfall ungfugla í veiði 1996-2018 hefur verið tölfræðilega marktækt undir viðmiðunarmörkum, en aukist verulega síðustu tvö ár. -
Circumnavigation Оf Iceland
A R C T I C C I R C L E distinctive travel for more than 35 years CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF ICELAND LAND OF FIRE AND ICE AR CTIC CIRCLE Grímsey Island Vigur Island Húsavík Ísafjörður Siglufjörður Lake Goðafoss Mývatn Seyðisfjörður Thingvellir National Djúpivogur Park Reykjavík Gullfoss Jökulsárlón Geysir Heimaey UNESCO Surtsey World Heritage Site Cruise Itinerary North Atlantic Air Routing Land Routing Jökulsárlón Glacier Lagoon Itinerary* Discover the ethereal “Land of Fire and Ice”—one of the Reykjavík u Ísafjörður u Siglufjörður world’s most enchanting and distinctive destinations—on this Lake Mývatn u Seyðisfjörður u Heimaey Island specially designed seven-night circumnavigation cruise of this stunning Nordic island nation. Cruise aboard the newest June 28 to July 6, 2020 Five-Star expedition ship, LE BELLOT, launching in 2020, Day featuring only 92 Suites and Staterooms and the world’s first 1 Depart Canada multisensory, underwater Observation Lounge. Look for orca, humpback whales and rare migratory birds; see landscapes of 2 Reykjavík, Iceland/Embark Le Bellot ancient Viking ruins and crystalline glaciers atop simmering 3 Vigur Island/Ísafjörður volcanoes; and touch ice fragments calved from one of Europe’s 4 Siglufjörður/Grímsey Island/Arctic Circle largest glaciers. Cross the Arctic Circle on Grímsey Island and cruise along the coast of Surtsey, one of Earth’s youngest 5 Húsavík for Lake Mývatn islands and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Explore the 6 Seyðisfjörður majestic and rocky vista of a former lava lake and marvel at dramatic Goðafoss, the “Waterfall of the Gods.” Includes 7 Djúpivogur for Jökulsárlón round-trip air from Boston, Montreal, New York-JFK, Newark, 8 Vestmannaeyjar for Heimaey Island/ Toronto and Washington-Dulles; Low Air Add-Ons are Cruise around Surtsey Island available from select cities.† Reykjavík and the Golden Circle Pre-Circumnavigation Option.