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Bargstadt Disruption in Germany

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Bargstadt Disruption in Germany 2018/05/21 The effect of disruptive technologies on the European academic education system, especially in engineering Prof. Dr.-Ing. H.-J. Bargstädt 21/05/2018 InstituteProf. for Construction Dr.-Ing. Engineering Hans-Joachim and Management Bargstädt1 Bauhaus-Universität Weimar The effect of disruptive technologies on the European academic education system, especially in engineering • Bauhaus 1919 • Designing study programs • How to facilitate disruptions Prof. Dr.-Ing. H.-J. Bargstädt 21/05/2018 InstituteProf. for Construction Dr.-Ing. Engineering Hans-Joachim and Management Bargstädt2 Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 1 2018/05/21 Berlin Berlin Dessau Frankfurt Weimar München Prof. Dr.-Ing. H.-J. Bargstädt 21/05/2018 Institute for Construction Engineering and Management 3 History of the University, I 1860 The Grand Duke Carl Alexander founded the School of Fine Arts in Weimar. Its most prominent students were Max Liebermann and Max Beckmann. 1907 The Belgian architect Henry van de Velde founded the School of Arts and Crafts. Shortly thereafter, he designed two new buildings, known as the Van-de-Velde ensemble, which are now registered as World Heritage Sites by the UNESCO. 1919 Walter Gropius founded the State Bauhaus in Weimar. The courses in the avant-garde were significantly influenced by Johannes Itten, Lyonel Feininger, Paul Klee and Wassily Kandinsky. Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, 21 May 2018 www.uni-weimar.de Staircase in the Main Building 2 2018/05/21 Disruptive Technology, 1919 Gründer des Bauhauses 1919: Walter Gropius Architekt Walter Gropius Manifest 1919: Das Endziel aller bildnerischen Tätigkeit ist der Bau! Ihn zu schmücken war einst die vornehmste Aufgabe der bildenden Künste, sie waren unablösliche Bestandteile der großen Baukunst. Heute stehen sie in selbstgenügsamer Eigenheit, aus der sie erst wieder erlöst werden können durch bewusstes Mit- und Ineinanderwirken aller Werkleute untereinander. … Bilden wir also eine neue Zunft der Handwerker ohne die klassentrennende Anmaßung, die eine hochmütige Mauer zwischen Handwerkern und Künstlern errichten wollte! Wollen, erdenken, erschaffen wir gemeinsam den neuen Bau der Zukunft, der alles in einer Gestalt sein wird: Architektur und Plastik und Malerei, der aus Millionen Händen der Handwerker einst gen Himmel steigen wird als kristallenes Sinnbild eines neuen kommenden Glaubens. 3 2018/05/21 The Bauhaus Manifesto Walter Gropius, “Bauhaus Manifesto and Program” (1919) The ultimate aim of all visual arts is the complete building! To embellish buildings was once the noblest function of the fine arts; they were the indispensable components of great architecture. Today the arts exist in isolation, from which they can be rescued only through the conscious, cooperative effort of all craftsmen. Architects, painters, and sculptors must recognize anew and learn to grasp the composite character of a building both as an entity and in its separate parts. … Let us then create a new guild of craftsmen without the class distinctions that raise an arrogant barrier between craftsman and artist! Together let us desire, conceive, and create the new structure of the future, which will embrace architecture and sculpture and painting in one unity and which will one day rise toward heaven from the hands of a million workers like the crystal symbol of a new faith. Walter Gropius The Bauhaus Masters Walter Gropius (*1883, architect) Wassily Kandinsky (*1866, painter, art theorist) Oscar Schlemmer (*1888, painter, sculptor, designer, choreographer) Georg Muche (*1895, painter, printmaker, architect) László Moholy-Nagy (*1895, painter, photograph) Lionel Feininger (*1871, painter, caricaturist) Johannes Itten (*1888, painter, designer) Paul Klee (*1879, painter) Wilhelm Wagenfeld (*1900, industrial designer) Marcel Breuer (*1902, furniture designer, architect) 4 2018/05/21 Josef Albers, art theorist (* 1888 Bottrop, D - † 1976 New Haven, USA) Hinnerk Scheper color theorist (* 1897 Wulften, D - † 1957 Berlin, D) Georg Muche printmaker, painter (* 1995 Querfurt, D - † 1987 Lindau, D) László Moholy-Nagy,painter (*1895 László-Weisz, HU - †1946 Chicago, USA) Herbert Bayer, photograph (* 1900 Haag, A/HU - † 1985 Montecito, USA) Joost Schmidt, typograf (* 1893 Wunstorf, D - † 1948 D) Walter Gropius, architect (*1883 Berlin, D - † 1969 Boston, USA) Marcel Breuer furniture design (* 1902 Pécs, HU - † 1981 New York, USA) Wassily Kandinsky painter (* 1866 Moskau, RU - † 1944 Neuilly-sur-Seine, F) Paul Klee, painter (* 1879 Münchenbuchsee, CH - † 1940 Locarno, CH) Lyonel Feininger, caricaturist (*1871 New York, USA - † 1956 New York, USA) Gunta Stölzl textile artist (* 1897 Munich, D - † 1983 Zurich, CH) Oskar Schlemmer, sculptor (* 1888 Stuttgart, D - † 1943 Baden-Baden, D) History of the University, II 1925 The State Bauhaus in Weimar was closed. Walter Gropius and the other Bauhäusler transferred their operations to Dessau. 1926 Under the supervision of the architect Otto Bartning, the University reopened and offered regular courses in architecture for the first time. 1930 The University underwent radical reform based on traditional and nationally oriented values. 1946 The University was re-established in the spirit of anti- fascism and democracy. It focused on humanistic traditions, and initially, even on the Bauhaus principles. Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, 21 May 2018 www.uni-weimar.de Mural by Herbert Bayer 5 2018/05/21 3 Meisterhäuser in Dessau, gebaut von Walter Gropius für die Familien von László Moholy-Nagy, Lyonel Feininger, Georg Muche, Oscar Schlemmer, Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee History of the University, II Color circle and figures, developed by Johannes Itten, painter, designer, theorist First free-swinger developed by Marcel Breuer, Johannes Itten, Mies van der Rohe and Mart Stam Table lamps designed by Wilhelm Wagenfeld 6 2018/05/21 Industrial tubes Moderne Möbel, unter Verwendung von Stahlrohren, wurden entworfen von Johannes Itten, Maler, Entwerfer Bessere Materialien für die Rohre erlaubten die Entwicklung der elastischen Freischwinger, Entwurf: Marcel Breuer, Johannes Itten, Mies van der Rohe Mart Stam) Production-oriented furniture Kunst und Technik – eine neue Einheit Farbkreise und -figuren, Entwurf: Johannes Itten, Maler, Skulpturist, Entwurfstheoretiker 7 2018/05/21 Leuchten und andere Haushaltswaren, die von Wilhelm Wagenfeld, Industriedesigner, entworfen wurden Fire-resistent glass, Jena 8 2018/05/21 History of the University, III 1954 The University received a rectorial constitution. With the introduction of the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Faculty of Building Materials Science and Technology, it was renamed the College of Architecture and Civil Engineering. It would become the most influential school of civil engineering in the GDR. 1996 After restructuring the existing faculties and establishing the Faculty of Art and Design (1993) and the Faculty of Media (1996), the college positioned itself to pursue the newest developments in design and technology. Adhering to the Bauhaus goal of uniting art and technology, it focused on creating a unique profile of subjects with an artistic-technical orientation. It was officially renamed the »Bauhaus-Universität Weimar«. 2019 City, university and other institutions will celebrate Bauhaus 100 years of Bauhaus Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, 21 May 2018 www.uni-weimar.de Main Building of the University Gebaut 1923 durch Georg Muche, Maler 9 2018/05/21 Showhouse „Haus am Horn“, 1923 Gropius gab als Ziel für das Haus aus: “größtmöglicher Komfort bei maximierter Wirtschaftlichkeit, indem die besten Handwerker und die bestmögliche Raumnutzung in Bezug auf Größe, Form und Ausstattung gefunden werden” Inneneinrichtung des Ausstellungs- hauses „Am Horn“ in Weimar 10 2018/05/21 Form follows function Color circle and figures, developed by Johannes Itten, painter, designer, theorist First free-swinger developed by Marcel Breuer, Johannes Itten, Mies van der Rohe and Mart Stam Table lamps designed by Wilhelm Wagenfeld Gropius‘ office - remake The director‘s office at Bauhaus-Universität, designed by Walter Gropius, restored in 1999 11 2018/05/21 Accreditation of study programs Criteria for good study programs: https://www.hrk.de/uploads/media/ES European Standards and Guidelines G_German_and_English_2015.pdf Higher education aims to fulfil multiple purposes; including preparing students for active citizenship, for their future careers (e.g. contributing to their employability (“Beschäftigungsfähigkeit”)), supporting their personal development, creating a broad advanced knowledge base and stimulating research and innovation. Therefore, stakeholders, who may prioritise different purposes, can view quality in higher education differently and quality assurance needs to take into account these different perspectives. Quality, whilst not easy to define, is mainly a result of the interaction between teachers, students and the institutional learning environment. Since 01-2018 the German Accreditation Council has 8 academic members, appointed for a period of 4 years. http://www.akkreditierungsrat.de/ 12 2018/05/21 Professionalism and Employability Fachlichkeit und Beruflichkeit in der Akkreditierung Final Report and Recommendations der Arbeitsgruppe Fachlichkeit und Beruflichkeit des Akkreditierungsrates vom 06.02.2015 After intensive consultations and discussions, the working group has come to the result that the importance of the subjects professionalism and employability requires a revaluation. Reference systems for professionalism, which are competence-oriented,
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