DOCSLIB.ORG

FM 15(1) Pop.Vp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FM 15(1) Pop.Vp Vol. 15(1): 25–38 MALACOFAUNA OF TWO HYDROLOGICALLY DIFFERENT HABITATS IN THE NEAR-SHORE ZONE OF THE W£OC£AWEK DAM RESERVOIR (VISTULA RIVER, POLAND) JANUSZ ¯BIKOWSKI1,TOMASZ KAKAREKO1,MA£GORZATA POZNAÑSKA2,JAROS£AW KOBAK2 1Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Hydrobiology, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruñ, Poland (e-mail: [email protected]) 2Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruñ, Poland ABSTRACT: We studied molluscan fauna at two sites in the W³oc³awek Dam Reservoir, differing with respect to the hydrological conditions: a rheolimnic site with a comparatively strong water flow (Soczewka) and a limnetic site, dominated by wave action (Dobiegniewo). Within each site, we sampled molluscs from three sub- stratum types (sand, a thin layer of mud on sand and mud). Samples were collected monthly, from April to Oc- tober. The taxonomic composition differed between the sites, with Sphaerium corneum (L. 1758), Pisidium sp. C. Pfeiffer, 1821, Bithynia tentaculata (L. 1758) and Viviparus viviparus (L. 1758) being more abundant in Soczewka, while Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843), Marstoniopsis scholtzi (Schmidt, 1856) and Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas 1771) occurred exclusively in Dobiegniewo. S. corneum was a strong dominant in most of the samples, and variation in its abundance was the only cause of the observed differences among the various sub- strata. Strong differences in the total density and biomass were also observed between the two sites, the molluscs from Soczewka being much more abundant. This phenomenon was particularly apparent on the muddy substratum, which was the most suitable in Soczewka and the poorest in Dobiegniewo. Our study re- vealed that moderate water flow in Soczewka affected molluscs by improving conditions for them, especially on the muddy substratum. KEY WORDS: lowland dam reservoir, water flow, water level fluctuations, substratum, Mollusca, hydrological conditions INTRODUCTION Dam reservoirs are comparatively young water (STAÑCZYKOWSKA &JURKIEWICZ-KARNKOWSKA 1983) bodies. Most of them were created in the third quar- or 80 cm (PATERSON &FERNANDO 1969, ARMITAGE ter of the 20th century (G£ODEK 1985). Therefore, 1977). In our opinion, the near-shore zone extends their ecosystems have been much less investigated up to areas with decreased environmental hetero- than those of lakes, rivers and other water bodies. Be- geneity and bottom sediments similar to those found cause of the high diversity of habitats and, in conse- in the central part of a reservoir. Obviously, its range quence, biocoenoses, as well as a strong impact upon strongly depends on local conditions. In the the local environment, dam reservoirs are interesting W³oc³awek Dam Reservoir, the near-shore zone ex- and important objects of scientific research. tends up to ca. 100 m from the shore and reaches a The near-shore zone is the most variable habitat depth of 2 m. within a dam reservoir. Usually, its range is deter- In the near-shore zone of a dam reservoir, one can mined using the depth criterion, although various usually distinguish an area that is temporarily ex- authors assume different border values, such as 2 m posed to air and inhabited primarily by euryoecious 26 Janusz ¯bikowski, Tomasz Kakareko, Ma³gorzata Poznañska, Jaros³aw Kobak species. Their survival depends mainly on their move- (i.e. phytoplankton) from the water column, increas- ment abilities (IZVEKOVA et al. 1997). With respect to ing water transparency, changing its chemical proper- mobility, benthic animals can be divided into two ties (HOLLAND et al. 1995, JOHENGEN et al. 1995, groups: 1) species migrating with the decreasing IDRISI et al. 2001) and stimulating development of water level (mostly predatory and/or epifaunal, in- macrophytes and phytobenthos (LOWE &PILLSBURY cluding some snail species), 2) those remaining in the 1995). Furthermore, they produce large amounts of air-exposed area. The latter survive periodic drying faeces and pseudofaeces that improve food condi- and freezing by burying themselves in sediments, tions for other benthic organisms. Thus, they modify building shelters or undergoing physiological the structure and increase abundance of zoobenthos changes. This group includes bivalves, which respond communities (WOLNOMIEJSKI 1970, STEWART et al. to air exposure by closing their valves, and snails 1998). Substances released by bivalves affect also which can use an operculum or epiphragm to close abundance and metabolic activity of microorganisms their shells. Furthermore, pill clams Pisidium living in bottom sediments (GRIFFITHS 1993, NALEPA casertanum (Poli, 1791) and Pisidium personatum et al. 1996, KURBATOVA 1998). Therefore, bivalves, es- Malm, 1855) form protective aggregations ca. 30-40 pecially Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771), are re- cm below the sediment surface, and a snail Valvata garded as the so-called ecosystem engineers, i.e. or- piscinalis (O.F. Müller, 1774) is able to dehydrate its ganisms which are able to cause considerable changes tissues and thus increase its resistance to freezing in their environment and control the use of resources (STAÑCZYKOWSKA &JURKIEWICZ-KARNKOWSKA 1983). by other species (KARATAYEV et al. 2002). Moreover, Communities developing in this reservoir zone are molluscs are a valuable tool in monitoring and typo- similar to those occurring in periodically dried fish logy of water bodies (KRZY¯ANEK 1991, ROSENBERG & ponds. Two areas can be distinguished within this RESH 1993), and bioindication of toxins, such as zone: bare sand substratum and sand with various ad- heavy metals (OERTEL 1998, JURKIEWICZ-KARNKOW- ditions of fine detritus (SOKOLOVA &SAKHAROVA SKA 1999a, GRUNDACKER 2000). They influence ele- 1991). Benthos abundance at such sites strongly de- ment cycling, e.g. phosphorus (JURKIEWICZ-KARN- pends on the season and duration of air exposure KOWSKA &KRÓLAK 2000) or calcium and are an impor- events, and is highly variable among different water tant item in the diet of fish (MARTYNIAK et al. 1987, bodies (KAJAK 1987). PREJS et al. 1990, TERLECKI et al. 1990), and waterfowl Below the air-exposed zone, zoobenthos biodiver- (STOCZKOWSKI &STAÑCZYKOWSKA 1995). sity and biomass usually reach their maximum values The impact of malacofauna upon an aquatic eco- due to the lower variability of environmental factors, system obviously depends on its taxonomic composi- high habitat heterogeneity (macrophyte presence) tion and abundance, which in turn are influenced by and suitable food and oxygen conditions. Then, with multiple biotic and abiotic factors. In a dam reservoir, further increasing depth, the benthic community be- organisms are affected especially by its hydrological comes less diverse and abundant (BRINKHURST 1974, regime (i.e. water flow, water level fluctuations). The KAJAK 1988). impact of this factor changes with the distance from With regard to biomass, the near-shore benthic the dam, which is particularly apparent in strongly communities of dam reservoirs are usually dominated rheolimnic reservoirs, such as the W³oc³awek Dam by Mollusca (STAÑCZYKOWSKA &JURKIEWICZ-KARN- Reservoir. That is why the relationships between hy- KOWSKA 1983, JURKIEWICZ-KARNKOWSKA 1989, 2004, drological conditions and the quality and quantity of KUKLIÑSKA 1989, DUSOGE 1989, ¯YTKOWICZ et al. the bottom fauna, including Mollusca, should be in- 1990, KRZY¯ANEK 1991, ¯BIKOWSKI 1995, JURKIE- vestigated in detail. Therefore, the aim of the present WICZ-KARNKOWSKA &¯BIKOWSKI 2004). Mollusca study was to compare the taxonomic composition, dominated also on introduced artificial substrata in abundance and biomass of malacofauna from two the W³oc³awek Dam Reservoir (CZARNECKA 2005). hydrologically distinct habitats of the near-shore zone This shows the great importance of this taxon in the of the W³oc³awek Reservoir: a lotic site located in its W³oc³awek Dam Reservoir. Molluscs can greatly affect upper part, and a limnetic site from the lower part of ecosystem functioning. Bivalves remove chlorophyll the reservoir. STUDY AREA AND METHODS STUDY AREA largest Polish reservoir with respect to surface area and the second largest considering volume (with the The W³oc³awek Dam Reservoir (WDR) is located Soliñski Dam Reservoir being the biggest). Thus, it is between 618th and 675th km of the Vistula River one of the greatest midland water bodies in Poland, course (Fig. 1). It is the first and the only component smaller only than lakes Œniardwy and Mamry. of the Cascade of the Lower Vistula. The WDR is the Malacofauna of the W³oc³awek Dam Reservoir 27 Fig. 1. Location of the sampling sites in the W³oc³awek Dam Reservoir The basic morphometric parameters of the WDR the water volume to the reservoir. At a daily time (GRZEŒ 1983) are the following: surface area – 75 scale, it is affected by the activity of the hydropower km2; volume – total: 400 mln m3, usable: 55 mln m3; station, located at the dam. A very important factor, length – 57 km; shoreline length – 130 km; width – influencing the hydrological conditions in the reser- mean: 1,210 m, range: 500–2,500 m; depth – mean: 5 voir, is the small usable volume (14% of the total vol- m, maximum: 15 m; mean water flow – 900 m3.s-1. ume), resulting in low fluctuations of the water level A particular feature of the WDR is its very short (usually below 0.5 m). water retention time (ca. 4–7 days). Thus, it is strongly rheolimnic, with
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Shell Morphology, Radula and Genital Structures of New Invasive Giant African Land
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.16.877977; this version posted December 16, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Shell Morphology, Radula and Genital Structures of New Invasive Giant African Land 2 Snail Species, Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822,Achatina albopicta E.A. Smith (1878) and 3 Achatina reticulata Pfeiffer 1845 (Gastropoda:Achatinidae) in Southwest Nigeria 4 5 6 7 8 9 Alexander B. Odaibo1 and Suraj O. Olayinka2 10 11 1,2Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 12 13 Corresponding author: Alexander B. Odaibo 14 E.mail :[email protected] (AB) 15 16 17 18 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.16.877977; this version posted December 16, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 19 Abstract 20 The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the shell, radula and genital 21 structures of 3 new invasive species, Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822,Achatina albopicta E.A. 22 Smith (1878) and Achatina reticulata Pfeiffer, 1845 collected from southwestern Nigeria and to 23 determine features that would be of importance in the identification of these invasive species in 24 Nigeria.
    [Show full text]
  • Predatory Poiretia (Stylommatophora, Oleacinidae) Snails: Histology and Observations
    Vita Malacologica 13: 35-48 20 December 2015 Predatory Poiretia (Stylommatophora, Oleacinidae) snails: histology and observations Renate A. HELWERDA Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands email: [email protected] Key words: Predation, predatory snails, drilling holes, radula, pedal gland, sole gland, acidic mucus ABSTRACT The Mediterranean species occur in rather dry, often rocky habitats, which are openly to sparsely vegetated. The predatory behaviour of Poiretia snails is studied. One However, they also occur in anthropogenically affected areas aspect of this behaviour is the ability to make holes in the such as gardens and parks (Kittel, 1997). The snails are main - shells of prey snails. The radula and the histology of the ly active at night and are hidden away under rocks and leaf mucous glands support the assumption that Poiretia secretes litter during the day, although they can also be found crawling acidic mucus to produce these holes. Observation of a around during daytime if the weather is rainy or cloudy and Poiretia compressa (Mousson, 1859) specimen yielded the moist (Wagner, 1952; Maassen, 1977; Kittel, 1997). During insight that its activities relied on the availability of moisture the hot summer months, Poiretia snails aestivate by burying and not on light conditions. It preyed on a wide range of snail themselves in soil or under rocks and sealing their apertures species, but only produced holes in shells when the aperture with an epiphragm (Kittel, 1997). was blocked. It usually stabbed its prey with a quick motion Poiretia snails prey on a wide variety of pulmonate snails.
    [Show full text]
  • Fauna of New Zealand Ko Te Aitanga Pepeke O Aotearoa
    aua o ew eaa Ko te Aiaga eeke o Aoeaoa IEEAE SYSEMAICS AISOY GOU EESEAIES O ACAE ESEAC ema acae eseac ico Agicuue & Sciece Cee P O o 9 ico ew eaa K Cosy a M-C aiièe acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa EESEAIE O UIESIIES M Emeso eame o Eomoogy & Aima Ecoogy PO o ico Uiesiy ew eaa EESEAIE O MUSEUMS M ama aua Eiome eame Museum o ew eaa e aa ogaewa O o 7 Weigo ew eaa EESEAIE O OESEAS ISIUIOS awece CSIO iisio o Eomoogy GO o 17 Caea Ciy AC 1 Ausaia SEIES EIO AUA O EW EAA M C ua (ecease ue 199 acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 38 Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mousca Gasooa Gay M ake acae eseac iae ag 317 amio ew eaa 4 Maaaki Whenua Ρ Ε S S ico Caeuy ew eaa 1999 Coyig © acae eseac ew eaa 1999 o a o is wok coee y coyig may e eouce o coie i ay om o y ay meas (gaic eecoic o mecaica icuig oocoyig ecoig aig iomaio eiea sysems o oewise wiou e wie emissio o e uise Caaoguig i uicaio AKE G Μ (Gay Micae 195— auase eesia Syommaooa (Mousca Gasooa / G Μ ake — ico Caeuy Maaaki Weua ess 1999 (aua o ew eaa ISS 111-533 ; o 3 IS -7-93-5 I ie 11 Seies UC 593(931 eae o uIicaio y e seies eio (a comee y eo Cosy usig comue-ase e ocessig ayou scaig a iig a acae eseac M Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Māoi summay e y aco uaau Cosuas Weigo uise y Maaaki Weua ess acae eseac O o ico Caeuy Wesie //wwwmwessco/ ie y G i Weigo o coe eoceas eicuaum (ue a eigo oaa (owe (IIusao G M ake oucio o e coou Iaes was ue y e ew eaIa oey oa ue oeies eseac
    [Show full text]
  • Formation and Composition of Epiphragm in Three Giant African Land Snails (Archachatina Marginata, Achatina Fulica and Achatina Achatina)
    Ruthenica, 2016, vol. 26, No. 3-4: 165-169. © Ruthenica, 2016 Published online September 18, 2016. http: www.ruthenica.com Formation and composition of epiphragm in three giant African land snails (Archachatina marginata, Achatina fulica and Achatina achatina) K.O. ADEMOLU*, F.O. FANTOLA; J.A. BAMIDELE, G.A.DEDEKE, A.B. IDOWU Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, NIGERIA. *corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Aestivation is the state of dormancy that capacity to enter the dormant state or aestivation occurs in snails when the weather condition is harsh, during periods of dry and hot environmental condi- either dry season or warm season. During this period, tions [Rees, Hand, 1993]. Aestivation is a natural the giant African land snails form epiphragm, sealing phenomenon known to interrupt the normal physio- the aperture of the shell which serves as water preser- logical process of snails leading to the slow growth vative strategies, preventing mechanical damage of the rate. Under dry condition, land snails withdraw into inner soft tissues. A study on the formation and mineral composition of the epiphragm in three species of giant their shells closing the aperture with a calcified African land snails namely: Achatina achatina, Acha- mucus membrane, epiphragm, to minimize water tina fulica and Archachatina marginata was carried loss due to evaporation [Omoyahki et al., 2008]. out. Twenty matured snails were used for this experi- The aestivated snail draw on the reserve of fat and ment. They were induced into aestivation by withdraw- glycogen at much reduced rate, which implies the ing food and water.
    [Show full text]
  • Folia Conchyliologica 60 Altab
    An enigmatic rock-dwelling land snail from southernmost Iberia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Helicidae) Cristian Altaba, Félix Jiménez To cite this version: Cristian Altaba, Félix Jiménez. An enigmatic rock-dwelling land snail from southernmost Iberia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Helicidae). Folia Conchyliologica, Cédric Audibert, 2021, pp.35-44. hal- 03144942 HAL Id: hal-03144942 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03144942 Submitted on 24 Feb 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Folia Conchyliologica, 60 Février 2021 An enigmatic ro ck - dwelling land snail from southernmost Iberia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Helicidae) 1,2 3 Cristian R. ALTABA & Félix RÍOS JIMÉNEZ 1 Llevant Natural Park, Department of the Environm ent, Government of the Balearic Islands, Ap. 76, 07570 Artà, Balearic Island s, Spain. 2 Research Group on Human Evolution and Cogniton (EVOCOG), University of the Balearic Islands, 07072 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; [email protected] (correspondi ng author). 3 Sociedad Gaditana de Historia Natural, c/Madreselva s/n, 11408 Jerez, Cádiz, Spain. http://zoobank.org/References/7dab39f0 - 43d3 - 4804 - 976c - 71a1de49f801 Abstract - A new species and genus of helicid land snail, Tartessiberus cilbanus , is herein described from the extreme south of continental Spain.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Zoology 202 – Experimental Report Does the Epiphragm Reduce The
    Zoology 202 – Experimental Report Does the epiphragm reduce the rate of water loss in the pulmonate land snail Cornu aspersum? D.R. Unkard Email: [email protected] Introduction Terrestrial snails can lose water from the mantle cavity via respiration, by evaporation through the aperture of the shell, and across the shell (Machin, 1975; Perrott, Levin and Hyde, 2007). Although terrestrial pulmonates are tolerant of water loss (Machin, 1975), these animals minimize loss of fluid using behavioural, structural and physiological mechanisms (Asami, 1993). One morphological mechanism is to retract the body inside the shell and then seal the shell opening (aperture) with an epiphragm which is made of solidified mucus (Perrott, Levin and Hyde, 2007). The brown garden snail Cornu aspersum is native to western Europe although it has been introduced to many parts of the world including South Africa where it can be a pest (Herbert, 2010). Like other terrestrial pulmonates this species seals its body inside its shell with an epiphragm during periods of inactivity. The aim of this experiment was to determine how effective this seal is in reducing the rate of water loss in C. aspersum. Materials and Methods Twenty inactive Cornu aspersum of similar size (shell height 20 ± 0.3 mm) with intact epiphragms were collected from gardens in Grahamstown. The epiphragms of 10 snails were removed gently with a scalpel and all snails were weighed to two decimal places of a gram. Each snail was put on an aluminium dish, and then dishes with snails were placed in an incubator at 25 oC and 70% relative humidity for 24 hours.
    [Show full text]
  • Slug and Snail Biology
    ____________________________________________________" Hawaii Island Rat Lungworm Working Group Rat Lungworm IPM Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy RLWL-5 University of Hawaii, Hilo Slug and Snail Biology The focus is primarily on non-native, terrestrial slugs and snails, however, the aquatic apple snail Pomacea canaliculata should also be considered as it is a pest on all the islands except Molokai and Lanai and is often found in the loʻi. Another aquatic snail, Pila conica is present on Molokai. Both of these species are in the Ampullariidae family. Standards Addressed: 3-LS2 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics •! 3- LS2-1. Construct an argument that some animals form groups that help members survive. 4-PS4-1 Waves •! Develop a model of waves to describe patterns in terms of amplitude and w avelength and that waves can cause objects to move. 4-LS1 From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes •! 4- LS1-1. Construct an argument that plants and animals have internal and external structures that function to support survival, growth, behavior, and reproduction. •! 4- LS1-2. Use a model to describe that animals receive different types of information through their senses, process the information in their brain, and respond to the information in different ways. 5- PS3 Energy •! Use models to describe that energy in animals’ food (used for body repair, growth, motion, and to maintain body warmth) was once energy from the sun. 5-LS2 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics ! 1 •! 5- LS2-1. Develop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment. 5-ESS3 Earth and Human Activity •! 5- ESS3-1.
    [Show full text]
  • WCM 2001 Abstract Volume
    Abstracts Council of UNITAS MALACOLOGICA 1998-2001 World Congress of President: Luitfried SALVINI-PLAWEN (Wien/Vienna, Austria) Malacology Secretary: Peter B. MORDAN (London, England, UK) Treasurer: Jackie VAN GOETHEM (Bruxelles/Brussels, Belgium) 2001 Members of Council: Takahiro ASAMI (Matsumoto, Japan) Klaus BANDEL (Hamburg, Germany) Yuri KANTOR (Moskwa/Moscow, Russia) Pablo Enrique PENCHASZADEH (Buenos Aires, Argentinia) John D. TAYLOR (London, England, UK) Vienna, Austria Retired President: Rüdiger BIELER (Chicago, USA) 19. – 25. August Edited by Luitfried Salvini-Plawen, Janice Voltzow, Helmut Sattmann and Gerhard Steiner Published by UNITAS MALACOLOGICA, Vienna 2001 I II Organisation of Congress Symposia held at the WCM 2001 Organisers-in-chief: Gerhard STEINER (Universität Wien) Ancient Lakes: Laboratories and Archives of Molluscan Evolution Luitfried SALVINI-PLAWEN (Universität Wien) Organised by Frank WESSELINGH (Leiden, The Netherlands) and Christiane TODT (Universität Wien) Ellinor MICHEL (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) (sponsored by UM). Helmut SATTMANN (Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) Molluscan Chemosymbiosis Organised by Penelope BARNES (Balboa, Panama), Carole HICKMAN Organising Committee (Berkeley, USA) and Martin ZUSCHIN (Wien/Vienna, Austria) Lisa ANGER Anita MORTH (sponsored by UM). Claudia BAUER Rainer MÜLLAN Mathias BRUCKNER Alice OTT Thomas BÜCHINGER Andreas PILAT Hermann DREYER Barbara PIRINGER Evo-Devo in Mollusca Karl EDLINGER (NHM Wien) Heidemarie POLLAK Organised by Gerhard HASZPRUNAR (München/Munich, Germany) Pia Andrea EGGER Eva-Maria PRIBIL-HAMBERGER and Wim J.A.G. DICTUS (Utrecht, The Netherlands) (sponsored by Roman EISENHUT (NHM Wien) AMS). Christine EXNER Emanuel REDL Angelika GRÜNDLER Alexander REISCHÜTZ AMMER CHAEFER Mag. Sabine H Kurt S Claudia HANDL Denise SCHNEIDER Matthias HARZHAUSER (NHM Wien) Elisabeth SINGER Molluscan Conservation & Biodiversity Franz HOCHSTÖGER Mariti STEINER Organised by Ian KILLEEN (Felixtowe, UK) and Mary SEDDON Christoph HÖRWEG Michael URBANEK (Cardiff, UK) (sponsored by UM).
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Temperature and Photoperiod on Glucose, Glycerol and Glycogen Concentrations in Helix Pomatia Linnaeus, 1758 in Spring and Autumn
    Vol. 19(3): 155–163 doi: 10.2478/v10125-011-0021-8 EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND PHOTOPERIOD ON GLUCOSE, GLYCEROL AND GLYCOGEN CONCENTRATIONS IN HELIX POMATIA LINNAEUS, 1758 IN SPRING AND AUTUMN ANNA NOWAKOWSKA*,MICHA£ CAPUTA, JUSTYNA ROGALSKA Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, N. Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruñ, Poland; *corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]) ABSTRACT: One of the variables oscillating seasonally in Helix pomatia L., described in our previous paper, was their rudimentary cryoprotection provided by modest increases in haemolymph glucose and glycerol concen- trations in autumn and early spring, respectively. Because factors governing cryoprotective responses are un- known, we decided to investigate the effects of spring and autumn acclimation of H. pomatia to different ther- mal and photoperiod conditions on the changes in haemolymph concentrations of glucose and glycerol and on the glycogen level in selected organs. Neither acclimation to short-day photoperiod nor low ambient tem- perature evoked increase in glucose and glycerol concentration in spring and autumn. Both acclimation vari- ants decreased hepatopancreatic glycogen level. The rudimentary freeze-tolerance in H. pomatia seems to be a combined effect of cold and short-day photoperiod and might also be affected by their nutritional and repro- ductive status. The effect of exposure to frost-bite is also likely to be involved. KEY WORDS: overwintering, freeze-tolerance, acclimation, cryoprotectants, land snails, Helix pomatia INTRODUCTION Entering winter torpor in land snails is frequently supercool (STOREY &STOREY 1988). Freeze-tolerance related to decrease in ambient temperature (LAZA- depends on accumulation of polyols and sugars which RIDOU-DIMITRIADOU &SAUNDERS 1986), shortening prevent intracellular ice formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Survivorship of Aerially Exposed Pond Snails (Physella Integra) from Illinois
    Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science (1996), Volume 89, 3 and 4, pp. 225-231 Laboratory Survivorship of Aerially Exposed Pond Snails (Physella integra) from Illinois John K. Tucker Illinois Natural History Survey Long Term Resource Monitoring Program Pool 26 4134 Alby Street Alton, Illinois 62002, USA Fredric J. Janzen Department of Zoology and Genetics Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011, USA Gary L. Paukstis 2489 Quail Court Aurora, Illinois 60504, USA ABSTRACT Many aquatic snails occupy ephemeral habitats that are occasionally subjected to severe environmental conditions. To investigate the physiological capacity of these animals to resist extreme environmental changes, we aerially exposed aquatic pond snails (Physella integra) to temperatures of 5°C and 20°C for 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 hours. Survi- vorship varied with temperature and exposure times. At 20°C, survivorship was 0% for snails aerially exposed for 24 hours or longer. At 5°C, 0% survivorship was attained at 60 hours exposure. Sensitivity to aerial exposure was related to shell size of individuals, with larger specimens (shell length greater than 7 mm) significantly more likely to survive exposure than smaller specimens at temperatures and intervals with incomplete mortality. These results suggest that epiphragm development and size-specific survivor- ship predispose these animals to rapid population recovery following severe, short-term environmental fluctuations. INTRODUCTION Rapid, dramatic climate change is expected by the end of the 21st century and may have a profound biological impact (reviewed by Root and Schneider, 1993). Although average global temperatures may rise as little as 1°C over the next 100 years, the most significant side effect of even the most modest change in global temperatures is increased variation in local temperatures and precipitation (Knox, 1993; Root and Schneider, 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • Food Science and Technology Hibernation Period in Some Land
    Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 9(1): 166-171, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i1.166-171.3777 Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology Available online, ISSN: 2148-127X │www.agrifoodscience.com │ Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP) Hibernation Period in Some Land Snail Species (Gastropoda: Helicidae): Epiphragmal Structure and Hypometabolic Behaviors Hülya Şereflişan1,a,*, Önder Duysak1,b 1Faculty of Marine Science and Technologies, Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 İskenderun/Hatay, Turkey *Corresponding author ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT In this study, the hypometabolism behavior, epiphragm formation process, and the mineral Research Article composition of the epiphragmal structure of the Helix pomacella, Eobania vermiculata, Helix melanostoma, and Helix asemnis land snails were investigated during the hibernation period. 100 snails selected among mature individuals, 25 from each species, were collected from nature for the Received : 31/07/2020 research. The snails were placed in four 50x50x5 cm pans containing 20-cm-deep humus soil. Snails Accepted : 09/10/2020 were fed with lettuce by free feeding until the hibernation period. Hypometabolism behavior of snails that had hibernated between November and December 2018, and January and February 2019 were examined as entering the hibernation stage, hibernation stage, and leaving the hibernation stage. The ionic concentration (Calcium, Iron, and Phosphorus) of the epiphragm layer formed Keywords: during the hibernation process was analyzed, its formation duration, and its degradation at the end Epiphragmal of the hibernation period were examined. In the study, it was determined that the weight before Hibernation hibernation reduced by 18-22% in all examined species (H.
    [Show full text]
  • Shells Of' the Great Barrier Reef·
    DECEMBER 15, 1964 Re ~astered at the General Post Office. Sydney. for transmission by post as a periodical VOL. XIV, No. 12 PRICE, THREE S HILLI 'GS This special issue is devoted entirely to Australian molluscs. It contains eight extra pages of articles and illustrations. CONTENTS Page H o w T O M A KE A S 11 ELL CoLLECTJON-D ona/d F . M cM ic/wel 369 S II ELLS OF TilE GREAT B ARR I ER R EE F- Frank M cNei/1 372 S IIORE M oLL uscs oF SouTII ER AusTRALI A-I:Ii::aherh C. Pope 379 R ETI REM ENT OF M R. G. P . WJI I TL EY AND APPOI TJ\l ENT OF OR. F. H . TALBOT AS C U RATOR OF FlS II ES 383 L AN D A N D FRESIIWATER S II ELLS O F A USTRALIA-Do na/d F. M cMic/we/ 384 L OCOMOTIO . DISPE RSAL AND OISTRIB U TIO OF GASTROP\JD M OLLUSCS- A. K . O'Gower . 39! NEW POST FOR C U RATOR OF A TIIROPOLOGY 395 A USTRA LIAN SEA-SL UGS-R oherr Bum 396 VENOMOUS C ON Es-R . l:ndean 400 Til E G o LDEN COWRY-Donald F. M cMichael 404 T11E S PAW oF SoME A usTRALIA M A RJ E P RosoBRA C l I M o LLuscs- F/orence V. Murray 405 e F I~ONT COVER: A livin!! specimen of the Rose J>etal Bubble Shell, H ydati11a physis. a sea-slug. This species.
    [Show full text]