From the Abbot's Desk

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

From the Abbot's Desk From the Abbot’s Desk: “Whatever Makes For a Stronger Visiting a young Norbertine Community Life Is a Higher Priority”: Community in India A Conversation with Fr. Nick Nirschl, O.Praem. e share life at Santa Maria de la Vid Abbey with three By Brother Stephen A. Gaertner, O. Praem. W Norbertines from our community of Mananthavady in t 86, Fr. Nick Nirschl the South of India. Fr. George is pastor at St. Augustine Par- A is the senior member ish at the Native American Pueblo of Isleta. Fr. Bijoy is pres- of the Norbertine Commu- ently participating in a Clinical Pastoral Education Program nity at Santa María de la (CPE) at Presbyterian Hospital, and Fr. Thomas is Catholic Vid Abbey. Originally a Chaplain at Lovelace Medical Center and the Heart Hospital. canon of St. Norbert Abbey They are all important contributors to our life and ministry in in De Pere, Wisconsin (he New Mexico. entered the Order in 1951 after a stint in the U. S. Army and was ordained in 1956), Fr. Nick has served in a variety of capacities, from being a mathematics professor at St. Norbert Col- lege to being assigned as a missionary to Peru, where he ulti- mately assumed duties as the pastor of San Marcos parish from 1985 until 1995 in Lima. In 1995, after leaving Peru, Fr. Nick became a member of the then - Priory of Santa Maria de la Vid in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He served as pastor of St. Augustine Parish at Isleta Pueblo until his retirement in 2002. Since retiring though, Fr. Nick keeps a faithful presence at all Fr. George, Abbot General Thomas, Abbot Joel, Fr. Thomas community liturgies, meals and functions. And this is no acci- dent or merely due to the belief that he now has “nothing bet- Last October I visited their community of Mananthavady in ter to do.” Quite the contrary! Fr. Nick’s consistent and en- the state of Kerala for the blessing of their first Priory church during vision of Norbertine community life is a perspective which was dedicated to St. Norbert, as well as to witness the which he has held since his first days in the Order. election of a new Prior. This is a young Norbertine Commu- nity, only 35 years old, serving in many places around the “Community life more than ministry is about doing things world. For the first time, almost all of the solemnly professed together, as opposed to functioning as individuals; everything and priests (65 of 71) were able to gather for the blessing and is done in common,” Fr. Nick insists. “And the locus of that their community chapter. Fr. George and Fr. Thomas were life is in the Abbey itself. Community life should be more among them. A Cardinal, several Bishops and a number of important than ministry.” Norbertine Abbots, including our Abbot General from Rome Fr. Nick explains: “Many people can do ministry, parish and myself, were able to share in this historic occasion. priests and laypersons. Ministry is a manner of serving. We India is a land of great beauty, great poverty, and generous serve not as performers of that ministry, but as religious. Our people. The country has 1.2 billion people, second only to religious dedication ought to be greater than our dedication to China, and it is estimated to be the home of a third of the our particular ministry. The individuals have to recognize that world’s poor. community life is more important than ministry. If they don’t, Yet it is also a country of great natural beauty. Kerala is one community life won’t be an actual realization for them. It’ll of the twenty-eight states that makes up this immense country. be a word, and nothing more; one has to be convinced.” (Continued on page 2) (Continued on page 3) www.NorbertineCommunity.org www.facebook.com/NorbertineCommunity Holy Rosary has an App! India… (Continued from Page 1) ur Lady of the Most Holy Ro- It is a state with a tropical climate and rolling green sary Parish, served by the Nor- hills with small farms as well as estates of tea, spices, O rubber, rice, coconuts and a whole host of fruit trees. bertine Community since 1985, is on the crest of twenty-first century tech- Only 2.3% of the population in India is Christian. nology. Under the direction of our Fr. Catholics are the largest Christian church, numbering Robert Campbell, pastor, the parish almost 20 million or 1.6% of the population. However, has created its very own custom “app.” the building of numerous Catholic schools, hospitals, This application provides smart phone and social work centers has had a significant impact on and tablet users with up-to-date access the development of this nation, far beyond the numbers to Holy Rosary’s mass and confession indicated. schedules. Current and upcoming events are also posted, along with pic- tures and videos reflecting the parish family’s life. At this time it is the most used app in Albuquerque! The app complements Holy Rosary Parish’s upgraded website and new bulletin-in-the-making, offering parishioners one more way to stay close to Christ. OUR NEW COAT OF ARMS! fter many months of dis- Indian Norbertines celebrate in their new Priory Church A cussion and deliberation, the Norbertine Community of New Mexico has chosen the That spirit of generosity is now being felt around the coat of arms for our Abbey of world as priests and religious from India are being mis- Santa Maria de la Vid. You’ll sioned to other countries to serve in Christ’s name. see the coat of arms at the top The young Norbertine community I visited serves in of our newsletters from now Australia, Austria, Germany, Holland, South Africa and New Mexico. on. Following is a synopsis of the coat of arms’ symbols and To leave one’s country and culture to serve elsewhere their significance. calls our brothers to make many sacrifices. Among the At the center of our coat of arms is a Celtic or resurrection cross memorable moments I had during my stay with my which, in heraldry, represents the unity of heaven and Earth; it is Norbertine brothers in India was the opportunity to also similar to the cross in the Abbey cemetery. The crescent moon visit with some of their families and to thank them for in the upper left of the shield symbolizes the Blessed Virgin Mary the sacrifices they have made as well. The Norbertines as well as referencing our founding from St. Norbert Abbey in De of New Mexico feel blessed by their generosity. Pere, WI. The vine points to the patron of our Abbey, Santa Maria de la Vid, and is rooted in the cross from which it goes forth and to which it returns. The grapes reference the original 13 members of the Norbertine or Premonstratensian Order/community which was founded at Prémontré, France, in 2011, by Norbert of Xanten. The fleur de lis is an ancient symbol of the Norbertine Order, the Virgin Mary, and the Trinity. The colors chosen for the coat of arms are also significant. Gold and red are the state colors of New Mexico and also represent the Archdiocese of Santa Fe in which we serve. Blue is found in the Prémontré coat of arms and in that of St. Norbert Abbey, and repre- sents truth and loyalty in heraldry. The color white—which stands for peace and sincerity—as represented in the empty quadrant of the shield—points to the hoped-for future growth of the Norbertine The new Priory Church in Mananthavady Community in New Mexico. Page 2 Norbertine Community News Fr. Nick (Continued from page 1) “The community has an obligation to its members to make demands reasonable (that’s why you have a personnel com- mittee!). If our ministries take us away from community, then the ministry is questionable.” And according to Fr. Nick, this crucial communio-centric orientation must begin early in a Norbertine’s spiritual journey. “During the formation years, the objective is to help us [embrace] commu- nity life rather than individual ministerial life within the com- munity. Many have to leave the community because they cannot give up their own de- Fr. Gene Gries and Abbot Joel Garner were colleagues of sires about ministry. Fr. Nick’s while on the faculty and staff at ‘Careerism’ is counter St. Norbert College many years ago. -community. Ultimately, it is a matter of vocation, and not mere function- “Common prayer, ality. For Norbertines, community life is the primary calling, table, Eucharist not a particular form of service, no matter how important or [and] recreation are crucial it may seem. This is a difficult concept to grasp, even the constitutive parts for many within the Church, in an age when personal career of community life. If ambitions, efficiency, data, and productivity control much of one claims to love our thinking, and a shortage of priests and religious would community life but appear to dictate that religious communities take a turn more doesn’t want to par- towards the active than the contemplative and communio- ticipate in these centric. But Fr. Nick takes a very different view. things, there’s a contradiction.” “Our ministry is exactly what the diocesan priest does. But the rectory is a place of work, not our home. Our home life is Of course, this is not different. The fact that there is such a shortage of priests does always easy, espe- make our ministry more important,” he avers.
Recommended publications
  • Ecclesiastical Circumscriptions and Their Relationship with the Diocesan Bishop
    CANON 294 ECCLESIASTICAL CIRCUMSCRIPTIONS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE DIOCESAN BISHOP What is the relationship of the faithful in personal ecclesiastical circumscriptions to the local diocesan bishop? OPINION The Apostolic See, in the Annual General Statistical Questionnaire, asks diocesan bishops the number of priests in the ecclesiastical circumscription of the diocese, their country of origin and whether they are diocesan or religious. The fact that the diocesan bishop is answering these questions indicates the close relationship between himself and any personal Ecclesiastical Circumscription. Canons 215 and 216 of the 1917 Code required that ecclesiastical circumscriptions be territorial within a diocese and an apostolic indult was needed, for example, to establish personal parishes for an ethnic group of the faithful. After World War II, Pope Pius XII provided for the pastoral care of refugees and migrants in his apostolic constitution Exsul Familia in 1952. Chaplains for migrants were granted special faculties to facilitate pastoral care without receiving the power of jurisdiction or governance. The Second Vatican Council admitted personal criteria in ecclesiastical organisation. The decree Christus Dominus 11 held that the essential element of a particular Church is personal, being a “portion of the people of God”. Personal factors are crucial to determine the communitarian aspect of the makeup of a community. After Vatican II, the Code of Canon Law needed revision. The Synod of Bishops in 1967 approved the principles to guide the revision of the code. The eighth principle stated: “The principle of territoriality in the exercise of ecclesiastical government is to be revised somewhat, for contemporary apostolic factors seem to recommend personal jurisdictional units.
    [Show full text]
  • To Revise Canon Law Code
    Pope appointscommission to reviseCanon Law Code Vr\'l'tCAN Cl'llY--llis llolitter;s Pope John XXlll has sct tup tr commissiou o{ 30 cnltlirtals lo levise the Corlc nf Canou Ltrrv. Anrong tlie 30 ale Caldinetl Irrancis Sipellman, Arch- bishop of Norv Yolli, ;rutl (iartlinal P:tul Legcr, Alchbishop of A'lotttt'citl. soon supcrscrlcd all eallicl col lcctions. Ry tlur beginning of tlre ?Oth ccntrrly carron larv rvas again in a statc ol' eonfusion. At thc Ii'ilsL Vatican f.louncil ( 186$.1870) con- tliliorrs harl I)l'cvonlr'(l thc 1l:rssing of disciplinar'1' larvs ol consitlcll- liou oI thc bislrops'rt'qrrcst Ior codilication of those allc;rtly irr I| RIGIII' SP0'I': fr'IEDICIA\II l0fcc, Itilt in lt)0.[ l'opc fit, l,ius X attuorrrrccrl lris dctcrnrinttion lo have a conrplete an<l olrlerlv corli[iciltion ol all cxisting ('hur.clr Indianapoliscivil la*'s, rights 'l'ltc rvith obsolt'tc lnd outrlalctl tasli ol' llrtt ttt'rr' ('()tlltllls- on(rs r,lirnirrntcrl arrrl othcr.s sion rlill l)('to glrtl)cr an(l pl'e- btrtugltt into t'onfolnritl' rvith palc nralclial lirr a rctisiott oi lltc tuodcln conrlilions. 6 canon larr, <:otlc accot'tling to thc rlilcclilr:s ol llto ct:tltttt'ttical cotttt- HE APPOINTED 'l'hc u t,unrrrrissiorr cil. t'evisiott rvill ;rp1rl1'ottl.t' rePorL ol calrlin:tls trrrrlcr ltis orvn and clrair.. good bad' ttttrt'itt [rrt'ttc itt tlttl to tltc cotlc nranship. ()n llalr:lr 25, 19().{,the Catlttt' l,atin lt itc. [,)nstct'tt Itite tvrrr'lrl's alchbi,slrops rvcle askctl g()\'ofttc(l lt1';t lics llr: sttllat'atc lo conlr'r' uith thcil sulfr.agan lroenle<l u itrtesses rltrlin;1 thc c0(l('.
    [Show full text]
  • Episcopal Church Style Guide
    Episcopal Church Style Guide The official name of the church is The Episcopal Church. When writing about the Episcopal Church, please follow these guidelines: * In the first reference, the full name of the church is preferred: The Episcopal Church. * When referring to church members, the term “Episcopalians” is preferred. We elect a Presiding Bishop, who is our chief pastor and primate of the church. Chosen by the House of Bishops from one of its members, the Presiding Bishop serves for nine years, or until normal retirement age, if that occurs first. In formal usage, he or she is known as “The Most Reverend”,” usually abbreviated to “The Most Rev.” His or her first name (or preferred forename) is always used, together with an initial if applicable (e.g., “The Most Rev. John A. Smith”, or “The Most Rev. A. John Smith”). All other bishops should be addressed as above, but using the form “The Rt. Rev.” Priests and deacons are referred to as “The Rev.” Our church is organized into dioceses, and there is at least one diocese in each state. However, some states have two or more dioceses. For example, we have a Diocese of New Jersey, but in the northern part of the state there is a Diocese of Newark. Likewise, there is a Diocese of Texas, but there are several other dioceses in that state. The Bishop with jurisdiction of a diocese is usually known as the “diocesan bishop”, and is sometimes known as the “Ordinary.” He or she may have other bishops to assist, who are referred to as “bishops suffragan” and are elected in the same way that bishops are, by representatives of the members of the diocese.
    [Show full text]
  • Abbess a Religious Community Under the Direction of an Abbot (For Monks) Or an Abbess (For Nuns). Abbey A
    abbess A religious community under the direction of an abbot (for monks) or an abbess (for nuns). abbey A religious community under the direction of an abbot (for monks) or an abbess (for nuns). abbot A religious community under the direction of an abbot (for monks) or an abbess (for nuns). alternate­support system In church architecture, the use of alternating wall supports in the nave, usually piers and columns or compound piers of alternating form. benedictional A Christian religious book containing bishops’ blessings. Book of Hours A Christian religious book for private devotion containing prayers to be read at specified times of the day. breviary A Christian religious book of selected daily prayers and psalms. canon table A concordance, or matching, of the corresponding passage of the four Gospels as compiled by Eusebius of Caesarea in the fourth century. Caroline minuscule The alphabet that Carolingian scribes perfected, from which our modern alphabet was developed. Carolingian (adj.) Pertaining to the empire of Charlemagne (Latin, Carolus Magnus) and his successors. carpet page In early medieval manuscripts, a decorative page resembling a textile. castellum German, “western entrance structure.” The facade and towers at the western end of a medieval church, principally in Germany. In contemporary documents the westwork is called a castellum (Latin, castle or fortress) or turris (tower). cloison French, “partition.” A cell made of metal wire or a narrow metal strip soldered edge­up to a metal base to hold enamel, semiprecious stones, pieces of colored glass, or glass paste fired to resemble sparkling jewels. cloisonné A decorative metalwork technique employing cloisons; also, decorative brickwork in later Byzantine architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • Organizational Structures of the Catholic Church GOVERNING LAWS
    Organizational Structures of the Catholic Church GOVERNING LAWS . Canon Law . Episcopal Directives . Diocesan Statutes and Norms •Diocesan statutes actually carry more legal weight than policy directives from . the Episcopal Conference . Parochial Norms and Rules CANON LAW . Applies to the worldwide Catholic church . Promulgated by the Holy See . Most recent major revision: 1983 . Large body of supporting information EPISCOPAL CONFERENCE NORMS . Norms are promulgated by Episcopal Conference and apply only in the Episcopal Conference area (the U.S.) . The Holy See reviews the norms to assure that they are not in conflict with Catholic doctrine and universal legislation . These norms may be a clarification or refinement of Canon law, but may not supercede Canon law . Diocesan Bishops have to follow norms only if they are considered “binding decrees” • Norms become binding when two-thirds of the Episcopal Conference vote for them and the norms are reviewed positively by the Holy See . Each Diocesan Bishop implements the norms in his own diocese; however, there is DIOCESAN STATUTES AND NORMS . Apply within the Diocese only . Promulgated and modified by the Bishop . Typically a further specification of Canon Law . May be different from one diocese to another PAROCHIAL NORMS AND RULES . Apply in the Parish . Issued by the Pastor . Pastoral Parish Council may be consulted, but approval is not required Note: On the parish level there is no ecclesiastical legislative authority (a Pastor cannot make church law) EXAMPLE: CANON LAW 522 . Canon Law 522 states that to promote stability, Pastors are to be appointed for an indefinite period of time unless the Episcopal Council decrees that the Bishop may appoint a pastor for a specified time .
    [Show full text]
  • Faith Formation Resource to Welcome Cardinal Joseph W. Tobin As the Sixth Archbishop of Newark
    1 Faith Formation Resource to Welcome Cardinal Joseph W. Tobin as the Sixth Archbishop of Newark This catechetical tool is available for use throughout the Archdiocese of Newark to provide resources for catechists to seize this teachable and historical moment. The objectives are listed by grade level and were taken from the Catechetical Curriculum Guidelines for the Archdiocese of Newark. Let us keep our new Archbishop in prayer. Kindergarten Focus - Many Signs of God’s Love Scripture – Genesis 1:31 – God looked at everything He had made, and found it very good. Objective: To help children grow in their understanding of the People of God as God’s family and as a sign of God’s love. Some ideas: o Share pictures of your parish pastor, Cardinal Tobin, and Pope Francis; Explain that they each serve God and our Catholic family in a special way, and Cardinal Tobin is now serving God in a special way as our new Archbishop. o Point out the Scarlet red color as a sign of being a Cardinal o Use the Cardinal and Pope Craft for Catholic Kids activity o Pray for Cardinal Tobin and the Archdiocese of Newark. For discussion: o Does God love us very much? (Yes) o How much does God love us? (Spread your arms wide to show how big God’s love is) o Because God loves us, He sends us good people to lead us in our Church, like Cardinal Tobin, our new Archbishop. o Let’s pray for Cardinal Tobin, and give thanks to God for His love.
    [Show full text]
  • Year of Preparation Primer
    YEAR OF PREPARATION PRIMER AN EXPLANATION OF THE ORDER, ITS HISTORY, ITS MEMBERSHIP & THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION Sovereign Military Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta American Association 1011 First Avenue New York, NY 10022 Table of Contents Chapter 1 What is the Order of Malta Page 1 Chapter 2 The Year of Preparation Page 7 Chapter 3 The American Association Page 11 Chapter 4 Works and Ministries Page 15 Chapter 5 The Lourdes Pilgrimage Page 22 Chapter 6 A History of the Order of Malta Page 29 Chapter 7 The Daily Prayer of the Order Page 33 Chapter 8 Members of the Order: Knights Page 36 and Dames of Magistral Grace, Those in Obedience and the Professed. Appendix Our Lady of Philermo Page 44 Order of Malta American Association Year of Preparation Formation Program Chapter 1--What is the Order of Malta? This booklet is designed to give you a better understanding of the Order of Malta. With background knowledge of the Order of Malta, you will be in a better position to satisfactorily complete your year- long journey of preparation to become a member of the Order. Hopefully, many of your questions about the Order will be answered in the coming pages. The Order of Malta is a lay religious Order of the Catholic Church with 14,000 members and 80,000 volunteers across the world headed by a Grand Master who governs the Order from Rome, both as a sovereign and as a religious leader. The Order was founded over 900 years ago by Blessed Gerard, a monk and Knight, who gathered a group of men and women together to commit themselves to the assistance of the poor and the sick, and to defend and to give witness to the Catholic faith.
    [Show full text]
  • Questions and Answers Regarding the Canonical Process for the Resolution of Allegations of Sexual Abuse of Minors by Priests and Deacons
    Questions and Answers Regarding the Canonical Process for the Resolution of Allegations of Sexual Abuse of Minors by Priests and Deacons Q: Does the Church have its own laws against the sexual abuse of minors by members of the clergy? A: Yes, the Church has long had laws on the books that address this crime. Even before the majority of the Church laws were collected into a single code of laws (in 1917 and in 1983), sins against the Sixth Commandment with a minor were also considered criminal acts. From 1917 onwards, the Church promulgated concise legal norms that stated this and that imposed penalties on clergy that offended in this terrible way. Q: Which Church authority is responsible for addressing these offenses? A: In April 2001, Pope John Paul II issued a law stating that, from then on, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) in Rome, headed at the time by Cardinal Ratzinger, the future Pope Benedict XVI, would have sole Church authority over this crime. The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is one of the offices that assist the Pope in fulfilling his mission as Supreme Pastor of the Catholic Church. Prior to 2001, the crime was generally to be dealt with on the local level by the diocesan bishop. The CDF would have been involved if the offense had occurred on the occasion of the celebration of the Sacrament of Penance (confession). Otherwise, the case would have gone for a second hearing (appeal from the diocese) to the Congregation for Clergy or the Tribunal of the Roman Rota, offices that assist the Pope, depending on how the allegation had been resolved on the local level.
    [Show full text]
  • Organizational Structures of the Catholic Church
    Organizational Structures of the Catholic Church A Primer “We respect the teaching authority of the Church and recognize the role that the hierarchy should exercise in discernment. It is essential, however, that all the people of God be involved in this process of discernment. We will therefore devote ourselves to advancing meaningful and active engagement of the laity in the life of the Church.” From the VOTF Structural Change Statement February 2003 Overview n Governing Laws n Titles, Roles and Organizational Structures n Lay Structures n Putting It All Together Governing Laws Governing Laws n Canon Law n Episcopal Directives n Diocesan Statutes and Norms • Diocesan statutes actually carry more legal weight than policy directives from the Episcopal Conference n Parochial Norms and Rules Canon Law n Applies to the worldwide Catholic Church n Promulgated by the Holy See n Most recent major revision: 1983 n Large body of supporting information Episcopal Conference Norms n Norms are promulgated by an Episcopal Conference and apply only in that Episcopal Conference area (i.e., the U.S.). n The Holy See reviews the norms to ensure that they are not in conflict with Catholic doctrine and universal legislation. n These norms may be a clarification or refinement of Canon law but may not supercede Canon law. n Diocesan Bishops have to follow norms only if they are considered “binding decrees.” • Norms become binding when two-thirds of the Episcopal Conference vote for them and the norms are reviewed positively by the Holy See. n Each Diocesan Bishop implements the norms in his own diocese; however, there is no mechanism for overseeing or enforcing implementation.
    [Show full text]
  • Canon Law and Cloistered Women : Periculoso and Its Commentators, 1298-1545 Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    CANON LAW AND CLOISTERED WOMEN : PERICULOSO AND ITS COMMENTATORS, 1298-1545 PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Elizabeth M. Makowski | 149 pages | 01 Jul 1999 | The Catholic University of America Press | 9780813209494 | English | Washington, United States Canon Law and Cloistered Women : Periculoso and Its Commentators, 1298-1545 PDF Book Anne E. In fact, the nuns of La Cour chose to violate the explicit regulations of their order on which, more presently. Elizabeth M. Subjects: History. William R. Periculoso was a decree issued by Boniface VIII in , which asserted papal supremacy by requiring the absolute enclosure of all religious women—that is, without specific and remarkable need, they could not leave the cloister and others could not enter, and that women's houses could not recruit new members. Journal of Medieval History 20 : Earliest Commentators on Periculoso. Two of his acts are listed in M. These are nunneries with churches that date to the thirteenth-fourteenth centuries and that did not directly benefit from the patronage of Blanche of Castile or substantially from that of the crown in their building campaigns. Sed pro habenda vite sue substantatione necessarie habeant publice mendicare, de elemosinis publice petere. Chamberlain review Dermot Quinn pp. Nuns living within monasteries were under the control of the abbess, in charge of keeping the monastery running smoothly, while the abbess sat under the thumb of a local bishop. Draw them from the fountain of my divine love and use them to wash the face of my bride. Built on the Johns Hopkins University Campus. Error rating book. Sixteenth Century Journal 31 4 : Elizabeth Makowski.
    [Show full text]
  • Papal Transitions
    Backgrounder Papal Transition 2013 prepared by Office of Media Relations United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 3211 Fourth Street NE ∙ Washington, DC 20017 202-541-3200 ∙ 202-541-3173 fax ∙ www.usccb.org/comm Papal Transitions Does the Church have a formal name for the transition period from one pope to another? Yes, in fact, this period is referred to by two names. Sede vacante, in the Church’s official Latin, is translated "vacant see," meaning that the see (or diocese) of Rome is without a bishop. In the 20th century this transition averaged just 17 days. It is also referred to as the Interregnum, a reference to the days when popes were also temporal monarchs who reigned over vast territories. This situation has almost always been created by the death of a pope, but it may also be created by resignation. When were the most recent papal transitions? On April 2, 2005, Pope John Paul II died at the age of 84 after 26 years as pope. On April 19, 2005, German Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, formerly prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, was elected to succeed John Paul II. He took the name Pope Benedict XVI. There were two in 1978. On August 6, 1978, Pope Paul VI died at the age of 80 after 15 years as pope. His successor, Pope John Paul I, was elected 20 days later to serve only 34 days. He died very unexpectedly on September 28, 1978, shocking the world and calling the cardinals back to Rome for the second time in as many months.
    [Show full text]
  • Constitution and Code
    CONSTITUTIONAL CHARTER AND CODE OF THE SOVEREIGN MILITARY HOSPITALLER ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM OF RHODES AND OF MALTA Promulgated 27 June 1961 revised by the Extraordinary Chapter General 28-30 April 1997 CONSTITUTIONAL CHARTER AND CODE OF THE SOVEREIGN MILITARY HOSPITALLER ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM OF RHODES AND OF MALTA Promulgated 27 June 1961 revised by the Extraordinary Chapter General 28-30 April 1997 This free translation is not be intended as a modification of the Italian text approved by the E x t r a o r d i n a ry Chapter General 28-30 April 1997 and pubblished in the Bollettino Uff i c i a l e , 12 January 1 9 9 8 . In cases of diff e r ent interpretations, the off i c i a l Italian text prevails (Art. 36, par. 3 Constitutional C h a r t e r ) . 4 CO N S T I T U T I O N A L C H A RT E R OF THE SOVEREIGN MILITA RY H O S P I TALLER ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM OF RHODES AND OF MALTA 5 I N D E X Ti t l e I - TH E O R D E R A N D I T S N AT U R E . 19 A rticle 1 Origin and nature of the Order . 19 A rticle 2 P u r p o s e . 10 A rticle 3 S o v e r eignty . 11 A rticle 4 Relations with the Apostolic See .
    [Show full text]