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The Canal Du Midi and Its Source from Toulouse to Sète from the Alzeau Water Intake to Naurouze

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The Canal Du Midi and Its Source from Toulouse to Sète from the Alzeau Water Intake to Naurouze The Canal du Midi and its source From Toulouse to Sète From the Alzeau water intake to Naurouze Canalfriends Travel Guide The community of canal and river enthusiasts www.canalfriends.com This is YOUR guide The Canalfriends.com community platform was created in 2014 to share our passion for inland waterways with fellow enthusiasts, be they waterways professionals or tourists. In this spirit, we have created this collaborative guide for you to download for free. The interest shown by participants in our 2016 Discovery Weekend on the Canal du Midi’s source inspired us to produce this collaborative e-guide. As is the case with all Canalfriends events, support from waterways enthusiasts and professionals has made the e-guide possible. For this 2nd edition, our special thanks to Andre Authier / Acampo, Boris Presseq / Botanist, Jean Marc Samuel / the Tourmente and the VNF team, especially Samuel Vannier, archivist. This digital guide will assist you in exploring this magnificent territory, whether on your own, with family or friends. It will also be useful in planning your trip. The guide will be updated throughout the year to include suggestions, advice and useful addresses. We also recommended that you download our free e- guide Garonne Canal and River available in French and English. Let us know what type of information you would like to find in this guide. Recommend a site or activity. Contact us with your comments, add your activity or accommodation. Receive free updates. [email protected] See you soon Canalfriends Team Canalfriends guide : Canal du Midi & its source – p 2 Contents The Canal du Midi, its channels and water supply system ………….................................... p 4 Map & layout : Canal du Midi water supply system ……………………………………………………… p 5 The canal and its channels in figures ……………………………………………………………………………. p 6 Transport on the “canal des 2 mers”……………………………………………………………………………. p 7 Explore the Canal du Midi’s channels ..……………………………………………….……………………….. p 8 1. From the water intake La Prise d’Alzeau to Saint Ferréol …………………………………………. p 9 2. St Ferréol lake and the Museum & Gardens of the Canal du Midi …………………………. p 10 3. St Ferréol to Naurouze …………………………………………………………………………………………. p 11 4. Naurouze ……………………………………………………………………..………………………………………. p 12 5. Things to look out for along the channels……………………………………………………………... p 13 Explore the Canal du Midi ……………………………………………………………..…………………………. p 14 1. Toulouse………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… p 15 2. Ramonville to Mas Saintes Puelles…………………………………………………………………………. p 16 3. Castelnaudary to Trèbes …………………………………………………………………………………………. p 17 4. Puichéric to Somail ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. p 18 5. The Canal de Jonction to Nissan Lez Ensérune ………………………………………………………. p 19 6. Béziers to Agde……………………………………………………………………………………………………… p 20 7. Marseillan to Sète …………………………………………………………………………………………………. p 21 8. The flora of the Canal du Midi……………………………………………………………………………….. p 22 Map and geolocation of the Canal du Midi and its source…………………………………………. p 24 Travel guidelines………….………….…..……………………………………………………………………………. p 25 Itinerary ……………………………………...…………………..……………………………............................. p 27 Canal du Midi Locks………….………..………………………………………………………………………………. p 28 Services on the Canal du Midi…………………………………………………………………………………….. p 29 Markets………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. p 30 Addresses : activities……………………………………………………………......................................... p 31 Addresses : restaurants ……………………………………………………………………………………………… p 35 Addresses : accommodation…………………..……………………................................................. p 36 Resources ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. p 37 Canalfriends guide : Canal du Midi & its source – p 3 The canal du Midi, Its channels and water supply system In 1666, the decision was made to build the Canal du Midi to link the Mediterranean to the Atlantic ocean and avoid the long and risky passage via the Gibraltar straits. The canal was to start at the Mediterranean (Sete) and connect to the Garonne river (Toulouse). It took 14 years to build and its creator faced numerous technical and financial difficulties. This summit-level canal (with its watershed at Naurouze) is unique in many ways , in Riquet had the 17 km channel dug to feed particular, its impressive water supply system the Sor from theMediterranean versants: conceived and designed by Pierre-Paul Alzeau, Coudières, Lampy, Rieutord. The Riquet in the 17th century. Saint Ferréol dam provides a water reserve on the Laudot in order to regulate water output in all seasons. The 38 km Plaine channels from Crouzet bridge to Naurouze make it possible to divert some of these rivers to the canal’s highest point. This system was improved and reinforced over time, especially in 1687, by Vauban who among others, extended the 7km Mountain channel, creating a link with the Laudot. In order to achieve this, a 122 metre tunnel, known as the Vauban Vault, was built at Cammazes. These channels are not the only constructions providing water to the Canal du Midi, but they are the most important source. The Canal du Midi and its water supply This wealthy tax collector from the system are listed World Heritage sites by Languedoc was neither architect nor UNESCO in 1996. engineer, which made the technical prowess In 2018, the association ‘’un film sur Riquet’’ even more astonishing. will make a film based on the life of Riquet He devised the canal’s entire water capture and set in the region. The film will focus, system from the Montagne Noire, consisting above all, on the water supply channels. For essentially of the Alzeau, Sor and Laudot further information: www.un-film-sur- rivers. riquet.fr Canalfriends guide : Canal du Midi & its source– p 4 Map & layout : Canal du Midi water supply system Naurouze By l’association l’Acampo, conferences-slide shows Canalfriends guide : Canal du Midi & its source– p 5 The canal and its channels in figures • 1665 : Creation of a test channel to check the project’s feasibility between Alzeau and Naurouze • 1666 : Royal Edict allowing the navigation channel to be built - Works start on the creation of the port at Sète • 1667 : 1st stone laid for the Saint Ferréol reservoir and for the Garonne to Toulouse lock • 1668: Inauguration of the Plaine channel with navigation between Revel and Naurouze • 1672 : Toulouse / Naurouze section filled • 1673 : Water in the Naurouze / Castelnaudary section • 1680 : Death of Pierre Paul Riquet • 1681 : Filling and first navigation between from Toulouse and Sète in May • 1682 : First ships in the port of Sète • 1687 : 7 km mountain channel extension, construction of the Vauban vault at Cammazes, extension of Saint-Ferréol • 1782 : Lake Lampy created • 1827 : Obelisk erected in Naurouze by Riquet’s descendants • 1839 : Construction of the Garonne Canal begins • 1855 : Exploitation rights of the Canals granted to the Pereire brothers, head of the Compagnie des Chemins de Fer du Midi • 1857 : Bordeaux / Sète railway line inaugurated • 1858 : Canal du Midi concession granted to the Compagnie des chemins de fer du Midi et du canal latéral à la Garonne founded by the Pereire brother in 1852. • 1898 : Government acquires the Canal du Midi • 1957 : Cammazes dam is built • 1991 : VNF (Voies navigables de France) is established to manage the Canal • 1996 : Canal and its water supply system are listed World Heritage sites by UNESCO • 2001 : Inauguration of the Galaube dam on the Alzeau The canal du Midi : • 240 km • 63 locks • 160 bridges • 7 canal bridges • 1 tunnel. The water supply system : • 24 km Mountain Channel / (Rigole de la Montagne) • 38 km The plain channel / (Rigole de la Plaine) • 12 km Sor river • 13 km Laudot river Canalfriends guide : Canal du Midi & its source – p 6 Transport on the « canal des 2 mers » (canal du Midi + canal de Garonne) Before the arrival of the railway, waterways were the main means of transporting goods. Leading to maritime routes, they made trade with the outside world possible. Goods transported consisted mostly of agricultural produce (plums, pastel, cereals, wines, draperies). Subsequently, there were manufactured goods, building materials and hydrocarbons. Since 2012, the "Voyages entre Deux Mers" There has been no freight transport an event organised by the Vivre le Canal since 1989 on the Canal du Midi and association has been sailing from Sète to 2000 on the Garonne Canal. Bordeaux. Only Airbus barges still transport On board, the Comptoir du canal offers aircraft parts from the Gironde estuary circuits, local produce from the route to Langon. crossed, exhibitions on canal communities Once again, there are attempts to and waterways transport. From September reintroduce freight transport on the to October 2018, the Voyage Entre Deux Canal des Deux Mers, as part of the Mers will sail from the Mediterranean sea progress in environmental matters. to the Atlantic ocean. Companies are once again interested In 2016, the solar powered boat, Captain in this mode. Sunset, transported a pallet of Château Labastide Orliac’s wine along the canal from the Garonne to Belgium On September 18, 2017, La Tourmente delivered an 87 ton transformer from Lyon to Port la Nouvelle. This marked the return of freight transport on the Canal du Midi and paves the way for new niche activities. Freight was the original purpose of the canal, though tourism remains its main activity today. Canalfriends guide : Canal du Midi & its source– p 7 Explore the Canal du Midi’s channels (Source) From the Alzeau water
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