A Critical Analysis of Master of Education Degree Programme in the Department of Educational Foundations in Selected Public Universities in Kenya from 1993 to 2014”
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A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF MASTER OF EDUCATION DEGREE PROGRAMME IN THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATIONS IN SELECTED PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA FROM 1993 TO 2014 SOGONI HARDLEY MUSIEGA A THESIS SUBMITTED AS A REQUIREMENT FOR THE FULFILMENT OF THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY OF EDUCATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 2018 DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree award in any other University. __________________________________ SOGONI HARDLEY MUSIEGA REG. NO E84/50821/16 SUPERVISORS This thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as University of Nairobi supervisors. ______________________________________ DR. DANIEL K. GAKUNGA Senior Lecturer Department of Educational Foundations School of Education, University of Nairobi _______________________________________ DR. MUSEMBI NUNGU Lecturer Department of Educational Foundations School of Education, University of Nairobi ii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the Musiega’s in gratitude for the support they provided. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work would not have been achieved without the support of many people. Special thanks go to my course supervisors Dr. Daniel Komo Gakunga and Dr. Joseph Nungu Musembi for mentoring and guiding me through the research period. Great appreciation especially to the Heads of Departments in selected universities for assisting me access information regarding Masters Degree programmes. Thanks to the Deans and the Associate Deans Schools of education at Kenyatta University, Moi University and the University of Nairobi; and their academic staff in the departments for supporting and participating in this study. Special appreciation to the Vice Chancellors and Deputy Vice Chancellors of the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta University and Moi University for the permission and support they granted me in collecting data from the Departments of Educational Foundations in their respective institutions. To the typist, the cyber owners and statistician who played a key role in analysis of the data, thanks a lot. Many thanks to Dr. Muriuki, the Director Nakuru campus, Kenyatta University for being a pillar on which l leaned on when the going became tough. Thanks to Professor Peter Githinji from Kenyatta University–Nakuru Campus for the technical support he accorded me throughout the study. I appreciate Dr. Henry Nandelenga of Kenyatta University–Nakuru Campus for his great in put in the realization of the study. I appreciate my family for the support they granted me in the completion of this work. Finally all glory be to God who made all this possible for giving us life and good health, to many others not mentioned l say thank to you all. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration................................................................................................................ii Dedication................................................................................................................iii Acknowledgement.................................................................................................... iv Table of contents....................................................................................................... v List of tables.............................................................................................................. x List of figures........................................................................................................... xi Abbreviations and acronyms ...................................................................................xii Abstract.................................................................................................................. xiv CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study ...................................................................................1 1.2 Statement of the problem................................................................................ 10 1.3 Purpose of the Study....................................................................................... 12 1.4 Research Objectives ....................................................................................... 12 1.5 Research Questions ........................................................................................ 12 1.6 Significance of the study ................................................................................ 13 1.7 Limitations of the Study ................................................................................. 14 1.8 Delimitations of the Study.............................................................................. 14 1.9 Assumptions of the study ............................................................................... 15 1.10 Definitions of terms key to the study ............................................................ 16 1.11 Organization of the study.............................................................................. 17 v CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 18 2.2 An Overview on Development of Educational Foundations Departments ....... 18 2.3 Students Enrolment in Master Degree Programmes ........................................ 25 2.4 Academic staff in Educational Foundations Departments ............................... 34 2.5 Graduates of Masters Degree programmes...................................................... 48 2.6 Recruited Assistant lecturers/Tutorial Fellows in Departments of Educational Foundations .................................................................................................. 53 2.7 Summary of the reviewed literature................................................................ 58 2.8 Theoretical Framework .................................................................................. 63 2.9 Conceptual Framework .................................................................................. 64 CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 67 3.2 Study Design.................................................................................................. 67 3.3 Target Population........................................................................................... 68 3.4 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques........................................................... 68 3.5 Research Instruments ..................................................................................... 70 3.5.1 Interview Schedule .................................................................................. 71 3.5.2 Document Analysis Schedule................................................................... 71 3.5.3 Questionnaire for Assistant lecturers/Tutorial Fellows ............................. 72 3.6 Triangulation approach................................................................................. 72 3.7 Data Collection Procedure.............................................................................. 73 3.8 Method of Data Analysis................................................................................ 74 3.9 Ethical considerations..................................................................................... 75 vi CHAPTER FOUR DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATIONS AND PRESENTATION ON STUDENT ENROLMENT 4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 76 4.2 An Overview of Students Enrolment in the Masters Degree Programmes ....... 76 4.3 Students Enrolment in Masters Degree programmes at KU: 1993 – 2014 ....... 76 4.4 Students Enrolment in Masters Degree programmes at MU: 1993 -2014 ........ 81 4.5 Student Enrolment in Masters Degree programmes at UON: 1993 – 2014 ...... 86 4.6 Overall Students Enrolment in Master Degree programmes: 1993 - 2014 ....... 92 4.7 Summary on Student Enrolment in departments ............................................. 98 CHAPTER FIVE DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATIONS AND PRESENTATION ACADEMIC STAFF 5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 100 5.2 An Overview analysis of Academic staff levels in Departments ................... 100 5.3 Analysis of Academic staff levels at KU: 1993-2014.................................... 101 5.4 Analysis of Academic staff levels at MU: 1993-2014 ................................... 105 5.5 Analysis of Academic staff levels at UON: 1993-2014 ................................. 109 5.6 Comparisons of Academic staff levels in the Departments: 1993-2014......... 112 5.7 Summary of the Academic staff levels in the Departments ........................... 119 vii CHAPTER SIX DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATIONS AND PRESENTATION ON MASTERS DEGREE GRADUATES 6.1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 120 6.2 Graduates of Masters Degree Programmes at KU: 1993 to 2014................... 120 6.3 Graduates of Masters Degree Programmes at MU: 1993 – 2014 ................... 125 6.4 Graduates of Masters Degree Programme at UON: 2004 - 2014 .................. 130 6.5 Overall Graduates of Masters Degree Programmes in the selected Universities ..................................................................................................................... 132 6.6 Masters Degree Graduates Recruited as Assistant