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Dalbergia Parviflora LC Taxonomic Authority: Roxb

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Dalbergia parviflora LC Taxonomic Authority: Roxb. Global Assessment Regional Assessment Region: Global Endemic to region Synonyms Common Names Amerimnon cumingii (Benth.)Kuntze Amerimnon parvifloru (Roxb.)Kuntze Dalbergia cumingii Benth. Drepanocarpus cumi Kurz Drepanocarpus cumi Kurz Upper Level Taxonomy Kingdom: PLANTAE Phylum: TRACHEOPHYTA Class: MAGNOLIOPSIDA Order: FABALES Family: LEGUMINOSAE Lower Level Taxonomy Rank: Infra- rank name: Plant Hybrid Subpopulation: Authority: General Information Distribution This species is recorded throughout much of south-east Asia, from Myanmar,Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia to the islands of Borneo, Jawa, Sumatra, Sulawesi and the Malukus. Range Size Elevation Biogeographic Realm Area of Occupancy: Upper limit: 150 Afrotropical Extent of Occurrence: Lower limit: 1 Antarctic Map Status: Depth Australasian Upper limit: Neotropical Lower limit: Oceanian Depth Zones Palearctic Shallow photic Bathyl Hadal Indomalayan Photic Abyssal Nearctic Population No population information is available for this species. The most recent herbarium record is dated 2001. Total Population Size Minimum Population Size: Maximum Population Size: Habitat and Ecology This shrub, which often becomes a climber with support, is found in freshwater and brackish swamp forests, near to sea level and along river banks. It is also found in open forest, lowland forest margins, secondary forest and scrub, mostly on fertile alluvial soils. System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative Terrestrial Freshwater Nomadic Congregatory/Dispersive Is the species a wild relative of a crop? Marine Migratory Altitudinally migrant Life History Age at Maturity Female: Units for Age: Male: Size at Maturity (in cm) Female: Male: Longevity: Units for Longevity: Averate Reproductive Age: Units for Reproductive Age: Maximum Size (in cm): Size at Birth (in cm): Gestation Time: Units for Gestation: Generation Length: Justification: Reproductive Periodicity: Average Annual Fecundity or Litter Size: Annual Rate of Population Increase: Annual Rate of Population Increase: Natural Mortality: Growth From Definition Shrub - size unkno Perennial shrub (any size), also termed a Phanerophyte if >1m or a Chamaephyte if <1m Vines Vines, lianas and creepers Threats This is a widespread species that suffers from the general threats associated with expanding human populations. Clearance of mangrove areas occurs for timber extraction and urban developments. Mangroves are increasingly converted to fish and prawn aquaculture and may be reclaimed for rice production. Forests are cleared, for example, for timber extraction, palm oil plantations and agriculture. The utilisation of its heartwood for the production of incense may pose athreat to this species in the wild. The effects of this on the population are difficult to quantify, but Jansen (1999) suggests that the prospects of cultivating it, to prevent the species being eradicated from the wild, should be investigated. Past Present Future 1 Habitat Loss/Degradation (human induced) 1.1 Agriculture 1.1.1 Crops 1.1.1.1 Shifting Agriculture 1.1.1.2 Small-holder farming 1.1.1.3 Agro-industry farming 1.1.3 Non-timber plantations 1.1.3.1 Small-scale 1.1.3.2 Large-scale 1.1.6 Marine aquaculture 1.3 Extraction 1.3.3 Wood 1.3.3.1 Small-scale subsistence 1.3.3.3 Clear-cutting 1.4 Infrastructure development 3 Harvesting (hunting/gathering) 3.6 Other Conservation Measures There are no specific conservation measures in place for this widespread species. It occurs in existing protected areas, such as the Princess Sirindhorn wildlife sanctuary (RAMSAR wetland of international importance) in Thailand, and the Kinabalu World Heritage Reserve in Sabah. However, many of the records for this species fall outside such protected areas. It was not found in available lists of seed bank or botanic garden species. In Place Needed 4 Habitat and site-based actions 4.4 Protected areas 4.4.1 Identification of new protected areas 4.4.4 Expansion 5 Species-based actions 5.7 Ex situ conservation actions Countries of Occurrence PRESENCE ORIGIN Year Breeding Non- Passage Possibly Extinct Presence Native Introduced Re- Vagrant Origin Round Season breeding migrant extinct uncertain Introduced uncertain only season only Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Java Kalimantan Moluccas Sulawesi Sumatra Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia Sabah Sarawak Myanmar Singapore Thailand General Habitats Score Description Major Importance 1 Forest 1 Suitable Unset 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland 1 Suitable Unset 3 Shrubland 1 Suitable Unset 3.6 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Moist 1 Suitable Unset 5 Wetlands (inland) 2 Marginal Not applicable 5.1 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes 2 Marginal Not applicable waterfalls) 5.2 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular 2 Marginal Not applicable Rivers/Streams/Creeks 5.3 Wetlands (inland) - Shrub Dominated Wetlands 1 Suitable Unset 5.4 Wetlands (inland) - Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands 1 Suitable Unset 5.13 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Inland Deltas 1 Suitable Unset 5.14 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Saline, Brackish or Alkaline Lakes 2 Marginal Not applicable 5.15 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Saline, Brackish or 2 Marginal Not applicable Alkaline Lakes and Flats 5.16 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Saline, Brackish or Alkaline 2 Marginal Not applicable Marshes/Pools 5.17 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Saline, Brackish or 1 Suitable Unset Alkaline Marshes/Pools 12 Marine Intertidal 1 Suitable Unset 12.7 Marine Intertidal - Mangrove Submerged Roots 1 Suitable Unset 13 Marine Coastal/Supratidal 2 Marginal Not applicable 13.4 Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Coastal Brackish/Saline 2 Marginal Not applicable Lagoons/Marine Lakes 13.5 Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Coastal Freshwater Lakes 2 Marginal Not applicable Ecosystem Services Insufficient Information available Species provides no ecosystem services Species Utilisation Species is not utilised at all Purpose / Type of Use Subsistence National International 12. Handicrafts, jewellery, decorations, curios, etc. 14. Research 3. Medicine - human and veterinary 5. Manufacturing chemicals 6. Other chemicals Research has been carried out into the bioactive constituents of the stems of this species (Songsiang et al 2009).The pulverized heartwood is used as a component of incense or joss sticks, especially in China, India and Malaysia. An oil can be distilled from the wood and applied to ulcerating wounds, and a decoction of the wood in water is used as a tonic, also grated wood can be rubbed on the skin to invigorate the body (Jansen 1999) Trend in the level of wild offtake/harvest in relation to total wild population numbers over the last five years: Trend in the amount of offtake/harvest produced through domestication/cultivation over the last five years: CITES status: Not listed IUCN Red Listing Red List Assessment: (using 2001 IUCN system) Least Concern (LC) Red List Criteria: Date Last Seen (only for EX, EW or Possibly EX species): Is the species Possibly Extinct? Possibly Extinct Candidate? Rationale for the Red List Assessment The extent of occurrence (EOO) for this species far exceeds the critical threshold. The estimated area of occupancy (AOO) and inferred population also exceed the thresholds. It is assesssed as Least Concern (LC). Reason(s) for Change in Red List Category from the Previous Assessment: Genuine Change Nongenuine Change No Change Genuine Change Nongenuine Change No Change Genuine (recent) New information Taxonomy Same category Genuine (since first assessment) Knowledge of Criteria Criteria Revisio and criteria Incorrect data used Other Same category but previously change in criteria Current Population Trend: Unknown Date of Assessment: 03/08/2010 Name(s) of the Assessor(s): H.Chadburn Evaluator(s): Notes: % population decline in the past: Time period over which the past decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): % population decline in the future: Time period over which the future decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): Number of Locations: Severely Fragmented: Number of Mature Individuals: Bibliography Jansen, P.C.M., 1999, Dalbergia parviflora Roxb., Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 19: Essential-oil plants., L.P.A. Oyen and Nguyen Xuan Dung, , Backhuys, Leiden Niyomdham, C., 2002, An account of Dalbergia (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) in Thailand, Thai Forest Bulletin, 124-165, , Songsiang, U.,Wanich, S.,Pitchuanchom, S., Netsopa, S., Uanporn, K. and Yenjai, C., 2009, Bioactive constituents from the stems of Dalbergia parviflora., Fitoterapia7, 427-31, , Thothathri, K., 1987, Taxonomic revision of the tribe Dalbergieae in the Indian subcontinent, , Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
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  • First Molecular Phylogeny of the Pantropical Genus Dalbergia: Implications for Infrageneric Circumscription and Biogeography

    First Molecular Phylogeny of the Pantropical Genus Dalbergia: Implications for Infrageneric Circumscription and Biogeography

    SAJB-00970; No of Pages 7 South African Journal of Botany xxx (2013) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect South African Journal of Botany journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb First molecular phylogeny of the pantropical genus Dalbergia: implications for infrageneric circumscription and biogeography Mohammad Vatanparast a,⁎, Bente B. Klitgård b, Frits A.C.B. Adema c, R. Toby Pennington d, Tetsukazu Yahara e, Tadashi Kajita a a Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, Japan b Herbarium, Library, Art and Archives, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom c NHN Section, Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands d Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, United Kingdom e Department of Biology, Kyushu University, Japan article info abstract Article history: The genus Dalbergia with c. 250 species has a pantropical distribution. In spite of the high economic and eco- Received 19 May 2013 logical value of the genus, it has not yet been the focus of a species level phylogenetic study. We utilized ITS Received in revised form 29 June 2013 nuclear sequence data and included 64 Dalbergia species representative of its entire geographic range to pro- Accepted 1 July 2013 vide a first phylogenetic framework of the genus to evaluate previous infrageneric classifications based on Available online xxxx morphological data. The phylogenetic analyses performed suggest that Dalbergia is monophyletic and that fi Edited by JS Boatwright it probably originated in the New World. Several clades corresponding to sections of these previous classi - cations are revealed.