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(A) Lower Paleolithic Period

(A) Lower Paleolithic Period

Question number 1

According to the excavated evidence, the of animal began in – (A) Lower Period (B) Middle Paleolithic Period (C) Period (D) Period Ans-(D) EXPLANATION : The first attempts of domestication of animals and plants apparently were made in Mesolithic period. The first evidences of the domestication of animals have been found from Adamgarh (M.P) and Bagor ().

Question number 2

Bhimbetka is famous for - (A) Rock Painting (B) Buddhist statues (C) Minerals (D) Origine os Sone River Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : The Bhimbetka rock shelters compose an archaeological site and World Heritage Site located in . The rock shelters and of Bhimbetka have a number of interesting paintings which depict the lives and times of people who lived in the caves including the scene of childbirth, communal dancing and drinking; religious rites and the natural environment around them

Match List-I with List-ll and select the correct answer from the code given below - List I List II (Harappan Site) (Location) (A) Manda 1. Rajasthan (B) 2. (C) 3. Jammu And Kashmir (D) 4. Maharashtra Code – A B C D (A) 1 2 3 4 (B) 2 3 4 1 (C) 3 4 1 2 (D) 4

Ans-(C) 1 2 3

Question number 4

Yavanika or curtain was introduced in Indian theatre by which of the following? A Shakas B Parthians C Greeks D Kushans Answer: Option C Yavanika (Curtain) was introduced in Indian theatre by the Greeks

. Question number 5

Port City of Indus Valley Civilization was -

(A) (B) Kalibangan

(C) (D) Mohanjodaro Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Lothal was an important port city of Indus Valley Civilization and was located in the today's of Indian state of .

Which of the following sites has yielded evidences of double burial?

(A) (B)

(C) Lothal (D) Kalibangan Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Lothal is the only site of the Indus Valley Civilization which reveals the evidence of double burials of male and female suggesting the practise of .

Question number 7

Which of the following animal is not depicted on the Harappan Seal?

(A) Bull (B) Elephant

(C) Horse (D) Sheep Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : A large number of animals have been depicted on the seals. These includes sheep, goat, humped bull, buffalo, elephant, tiger, lion, the gour or Indian bison, the rhinoceros, a short- horned humpless bull, but there has been no evidence of horse on Harappan seals.

Question number 8 The Great Bath was found from the Indus Valley Civilization at – (A) Mohenjodaro (B) Harappa (C) Lothal (D) Kalibangan Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : The most important public place of Mohenjo-daro seems to be Great Bath comprising the tank which is situated in the citadel mound. It is an example of beautiful brickwork (floor was made of burnt ). Great Bath served ritual bathing. Question number 9

Which of the following is the oldest among all ?

(A) Yajur Veda (B) Rig Veda

(C) Sama Veda (D) Atharva Veda Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Rig Veda is the oldest among the four Vedas. It is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Hymns along with associated commentaries on liturgy, ritual and mystical exegesis. Samhita was composed in the north western region of Indian subcontinent most likely between 1500 and 1200 BC.

Aitareya is associated with -

(A) Rig Veda (B) Yajur Veda

(C) Atharva Veda (D) Sama Veda Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : The are a collection of ancient Indian text with commentaries on the hymns of the four Vedas. Aitareya brahmana is the Brahmana of the Shakala of Rig Veda, an ancient Indian collection of sacred hymns.

Question number 11

Match the following -

List-I List-II

(A) Atharva Veda 1. Hymns and Prayers

(B) Rig Veda 2. Rituals and Sacrificial process

(C) Yajur Veda 3. Medicine

(D) Sama Veda 4. Music Code: A B C D (A) 3 1 2 4 (B) 1 2 3 4 (C) 2 3 4 1 (D) 3 4 1 2

Ans-(A)

EXPLANATION : (A) Rigveda - Hymns and Prayers

(B) – Medicine

(C) Samveda – Music

(D) – Ritual and Sacrifical Process

The main theme of is -

(A) Social Structure (B) Philosophy

(C) Law (D) State

Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Upanishads are regarded as a part of the Vedas and are ancient text which contain some of the central philosophical concepts and ideas of . They also discuss about meditation and nature of God

Question number 13

The famous dialogue between Nachiketa and is mentioned in the -

(A)

(B) Chhandogya Upanishad

(C) (D) Kena Upanishad Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : The famous dialogue between Nachiketa and Yama is mentioned in the Katha Upanishad. The dialogue is a conversation between Yama and Nachiketa, a 12-year- old boy, who left home in search of the meaning of death and beyond

Question number 14

Satyamev Jayate which is engraved on the Indian Emblem has been taken from -

(A) Rig Veda (B) (C)Mundakopnishad/Mundaka Upanishad (D) Purana Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Satyameva Jayate is an ancient Sanskrit verse meaning truth alone triumphs. It is taken from the ancient Indian Scripture Mundaka Upanishad.

.

Which of the events of 's life is known as Mahabhinishkramana?

(A) His death

(B) His birth

(C) His departure from home

(D) His attainment of enlightment Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : , at the age of 29 years, left his home so that he could overcome old age, illness and death by living a life of an ascetic. This is called the great departure or Mahabhinishkramana.

Question number 17 Who was Alara Kalama? (A)A disciple of Buddha (B) A distinguished Buddhist Monk

(C) A king of Time (D) A teacher of Buddha Ans-(D) EXPLANATION : Alara Kalama was a hermit saint of ancient meditation. He was the specialist of philosophy. According to Pali canon scripture, he was first teacher of the Gautama Buddha.

Question number 18

What is Tripitaka?

(A) Three monkeys of Gandhiji

(B) , , Mahesh

(C) Triratnas of

(D) Collection of the preachings of Buddha Ans-(D) EXPLANATION : Tripitaka or three is a traditional term used for various Buddhist literature. It is known as Pali canon in English. The three pitakas are Sutta Pitaka Vinaya Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka.

In the Mahayana Buddhism, the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara was also known as -

(A) Vajrapani (B) Manjusri

(C) Padmapani (D) Maitrya Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara was also known as Padmapani who embodies the compassion of all the Buddha's. This Bodhisattva is variably depicted, described and portrayed in different cultures as either male or female deity.

Question number 20

Who was the first of Jain ?

(A) (B) Rishbhanatha (C) Mahavira (D) Chetaka Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Lord Rishabhadeva was the first Tirthankara of . He was born at in the Ikshawaka kula or clan. Hinduism, he is known to be an avataraor incarnation of Vishnu

Question number 21 Match List I with List II and select the correct using the code given below -

List I (Tirthankara) List II (Cognizance) (A) Adinatha 1. Bull (B) Mallinatha 2. Horse (C) Parshvanatha 3. Snake (D) Sambhavanatha 4.Water Jal Code – A B C D (A 1 4 3 2 (B) 1 3 2 4 (C) 3 1 4 2 (D) 3 1 4 2

Ans-(A)

Cultivation of cereals first started in - (A) Age (B) Mesolithic Age (C) paleolithic Age (D) Proto-Historic Age Ans-(A) The Neolithic settlers were the earliest farming communities. Cereals such as wheat, barley, rice were among the first crops cultivated by Neolithic farming communities. Koldihwa and are two important Neolithic sites where evidences of wheat and rice have been found.

Question number 23 Mahavira Jaina breathed his last at –

(A) (B) Ranchi (C) Pavapuri (D) Samastipur Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Mahavira also known as Vardhamana was the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism. He was born in 599 BC as son of King Siddhartha and Queen . At the age of 30, Mahavira renounced the royal life and world possessions and spent 12 years as an ascetic. Then he attained Kaivalya-Gyana (Supreme knowledge). He attained at Pavapuri (current District) at the age of 72 years

Question number 24

. Ajivika Sect was founded by -

(A) Ananda

(B) Rahulabhadra

(C) Makhali Gosala

(D) Upali Ans-(C) Ajivika Sect is one of the heterodox school of founded in 5th century BC by Makhali Gosala (early disciples of Mahavira).

Where was the first republican system of the world during 6th century BC located?

(A) (B) Athens

(C) Sparta (D) Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : Vaishali considered to be the world’s first is presently, an archaeological site situated in the state of . It was established by the Lichchhavi dynasty.

Question number 26

By which ruler Pataliputra was chosen as the capital for the first time -

(A) Ajatshatru (B) Kalashoka

(C) (D) Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Udayin was a ruler of Haryanaka dynasty. His reign is important because he laid the foundation of the city of Pataliputra at the confluence of the Son and and shifted the capital from Rajagriha to Pataliputra.

Question number 27

. Jivaka, the famous physician of the time of Mahatma Buddha was associated with the court of –

(A) (B) Chanda

(C) Prasenjit (D) Udayin Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : Jivaka, the famous physician was associated with the court of Bimbisara. Bimbisara sent him to

when king Pradyota was attacked by Jaundice Deimachus came to during the reign of -

(A) Maurya

(B)

(C)

(D) Kanishka Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Deimachus was sent by Syrian King Antiochus-I as an Ambassador in the court of Bindusara in Patliputra in India.

Question number 29

Rajjukas were -

(A) Traders in Chola Kingdom

(B) Officers in the Mauryan Administration

(C) Feudal lords in the (D) Soldiers in the Saka Army Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Rajjukas were the officials in the Mauryan Adminstration who worked as a surveyor and performed Judicial functions

Question number 30

Who was the author of Indika?

(A) Vishnugupta (B) Megasthenese

(C) Deimachus (D) Pliny Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : The author of Indika was , ancient Greek historian, who gave complete account of Mauryan Period during 300 BC.

Ashokan Inscriptions were first deciphered by -

(A) James Princep (B) Ceorge Buhler

(C) Vincent Smith (D) William Jones Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : Ashokan Inscriptions found in the central and eastern part of India were written in Magadhi using the . These inscriptions were first deciphered by British archaeologist and historian James Prinsep.

Question number 32

Who renovated Sudarshan without using forced labour?

(A)

(B) Bindusara

(C) Ashoka

(D) Rudradaman I Ans-(D) EXPLANATION : The inscription gives the information about the Sudarshan Lake. It was an artificial reservoir which was built by the Mauryan emperors for checking . Around 150 AD, the lake was repaired by the Saka ruler, Rudradaman-1.

Question number 33

The largest number of copper coins in the north and were issued by -

(A) Indo-Greeks (B) Kushans (C) Sakas (D) Pratiharas Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Kushan issued the largest number of copper coins in north and north- western India. They also issued Gold coins

Famous Greek ambassador Megasthenes came to the court of which emperor?

(A) Ashoka (B) Harsha vardhana

(C) Chandra gupta Maurya (D) None of these Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Megasthenes was a Greek historian sent by Selucus Nikator as an ambassador in the court of Chandragupta Maurya. He lived here for five years. His famous book Indika gives an account of Mauryan

Question number 35

Gandhar a School of Art is the synthesis of –

(A) Indian and Persian Art

(B) Indian and Chinese Art

(C) Indian and Turk-Afghan Art

(D) Indian and Greek Art Ans-(D) EXPLANATION : School of Art is the synthesis of India and Greek School of Art. It was developed in the first century AD along with School during the reign of Kushana emperor, Kanishka. Both Sakas and Kushans were patrons of Gandhara School, which is known for the first sculptural representation of the Buddha in form.

Question number 36

The Prakrit text Gatha Saptasati is attributed to the Satvahana King - (A) (B) Hala (C) Yajna Satakarni (D) Vashishtputra Pulumayi Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Gatta Saptasai is an ancient collection of poems in Prakrit language of Maharashtra. The poems are about love and joy. This collection is attributed to Hala King

Vikrama era started from -

(A) 57 BC (B) 78 AD

(C) 57 AD (D) 78 BC Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : The Vikram era or is an Indian calender starting in 57 BC. It is said to have been founded by emperor of Ujjain following his victory over Saka in 56 BC. It is lunar calender based on ancient Hindu tradition and is 56.7 years ahead of the solar Gregorian calender.

Question number 38

Which of the following ruler controlled the silk route?

(A) Gondopherenes (B) Kanishka

(C) rudradaman-I (D) Menander Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Kanishka, the Kushan ruler controlled the silk route which started from China and passed through Central Asia, and Western Asia.

Question number 39 Who is known as the Napolean of India?

A) Chandragupta Maurya

(B) Chandragupta II

(C) Great Ashoka

(D) Ans-(D) EXPLANATION : Samudragupta of the Gupta dynasty is known as the Napolean of India. Historian A.V. Smith called him so because his great military conquest known from the Prayag Prashati written by his courtier and poet who also describes him as the hero of hundred battles.

The Hunas invaded India during the reign of -

(A) Chandragupta II

(B) Kumargupta I

(C) (D) Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Hunas were a nomadic tribe of Central Asia, who invaded Indian territory during the reign of Skandagupta, ruler of the Gupta Dynasty. They attacked the Gupta dynasty and were able to win Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal, Pradesh, Rajasthan, and parts of

Question number 41

Who is known as conqueror?

(A)

(B) Samudragupta

(C) Chandragupta II

(D) Kumaragupta Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Chandragupta II adopted the title of Vikramaditya, which had been first used by an Ujjain ruler in 57 BC as a mark of victory over the Shaka Kshatrapas of western India. Therefore, he is known as Shaka conqueror.

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the code given below - List-I List-II (Emperor) (Titles) A. Ashoka 1. Prakrmank B. Samudragupta 2. Kramaditya C. Chandragupta II 3. Kramaditya D. Skandagupta 4. Vikramaditya Code - A B C D (A) 1 2 3 4 (B) 3 2 1 4 (C) 2 1 4 3 (D) 4 3 2 1 Ans-(C)

EXPLANATION : The correct match is given below Ashoka - Piyadasi/Priyadarshini Samudragupta - Parakramank Chandragupta II- Vikramaditya Skandagupta - Kramaditya

Question number 43

Mrichchhakatika an ancient Indian book written by Shudraka deals with - (A)The love affair of a rich merchant with the daughter of courtesan (B)The victory of Chandragupta II over the Shaka Kshatraps of western India (C)The military expedition and exploits Samudragupta (D)The love affairs between a Gupta king princess of Kamrupa. Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : Mrichchhakatika, an ancient Indian book, deals with love affair between Charudatta (rich Merchant) and Vasantasena (daughter of courtesan).

The Gupta king who was good player of veena?

(A) Chandragupta (B) Vikramaditya

(C) Samudragupta (D) Kumaragupta Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Samudragupta was an expert veena player. He adopted the title of Kaviraja (King of Poets). He was also a great patron of Art and literature.

Question number 45

What type of land was called as Aprahat?

(A) Uncultivated forest land

(B) Irrigated land (C)Dense forest land (D) Cultivated land Ans-(A) The term aprahat was used for the uncultivated forest land.

Question number 46

Who was the court poet of Samudragupta?

(A) Harisena (B) Asanga (C) Veerasena Saba (D) Vasubandha Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : Harisena was the court poet of Samudragupta bravery. His famous poem written in 345 AD describes the bravery of Samudragupta which is inscribed on the as Prayag

Question number 47

Brihadeshwara temple of Thanjavur was built during the reign of -

(A) Parantaka-I (B) Rajaraja-I

(C) Rajendra-I (D) Rajadhiraja-I Ans-(B) Brihadeshwara temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to located in Thanjavur in the Indian state of . It is known as Brihadeshwara Temple, Raja Rajeshwara and Rajarajeswaram temple and was edified by Rajaraja Chola-I in the year 1010 AD.

Question number 48

The famous bronze image of Nataraja is a fine example of –

(A) Chola Art (B) Gandhara Art (C) (D) Mauryan Art Ans-(A) The famous bronze image of Nataraja is a fine example of Chola Art. The image is symbolic of Shiva as the lord of dance and dramatic arts, with its style and proportion made according to the on arts Question number 49

Which of the following South Indian State was famous for its naval power?

(A) Chola (B) Chera (C) Pallava (D) Pashtrakatu Ans-(A) Cholas were famous for their powerful Navy. It played an important role in expanding the Chola Kingdom. It includes invasion of Sri , Rajaraja naval expeditions against the Maldive Island and conquest of Ceylon from the King Mahindra V showed their naval power

Question number 50

The author of Silappadikaram was -

(A) Ilango (B) Parmara

(C) Karikala (D) Vishnu Swami Ans-(A) Ilango Adigal is the author of Silappadikaram, one of the epic of . It contains three chapters and a total of 5270 lines of poetry. The story of Silappadikaram narrates the events in the three Tamil Kindgoms: Chola, Chera and Pandya.

Question number 51

In , Tolkappiyam is a text of -

(A) Tamil poetry (B)

(C) Tamil architecture (D) Tamil polity

Ans-(B) Tolkappiyam is a work on the grammar of and the earliest work of Tamil literature and linguistic. Question number 52

Who among the following was the author of Tamil Ramayanam or ?

(A) Kamban (B) Kuttan

(C) Nannaya (D) Tikkana Ans-(A) Ramavataram or Tamil Ramayanam is a Tamil epic authored by Kamban. It is based on the 's and describes the story of the life of in Ayodhya

Question number 53

Why was Uraiyur famous in the Sangam Era?

(A) An important trade centre of spices

(B) An important trade centre of cotton

(C) An important centre of foreign trade

(D) An important centre of domestic trade Ans-(B) Uraiyur is a famous place in the area of Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu. It was a capital of the early Cholas. It is famous because it was an important trade centre of cotton.

Who of the following was the writer of Mudrarakshasa?

(A) Ashvaghosha (B) Vishakadatta (C) Kalidas (D) Bhasa Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : The Mudrarakshasa is a Sanskrit play by Vishakadatta that narrates the ascent of the king Chandragupta Maurya to power in India

Question number 55

Who wrote Abhigyan-Shakuntalam?

(A) Bana Bhatta (B) Ved Vyas

(C) (D) Bhavabhuti Ans-(C) Abhigyan-Shakuntalam, a sanskrit play written by Kalidasa, narrates the story of and Dushyant as told in the epic .

Question number 56

The Sun temple of Modhera lies in which state?

(A) Bihar (B) Gujrat

(C) (D)

EXPLANATION : Sun temple, a hindu temple dedicated to the solar deity located at Modhera village of Mehsana district, Gujarat. It is situated on the bank of River Pushpavati, It was built by king Bhimadeva of Solanki dynasty in 1026 AD.

Question number 57

Dasakumaracharitam was composed by -

(A) (B) Dandin

(C) Tulsidas (D) Kalidas

Ans-(B)

EXPLANATION : Dasakumaracharitam is a prose romance in Sanskrit, attributed to Dandin, believed to have flourished in the seventh to eigth centuries.

Question number 58

Ashtadhyayi was written by -

(A) Ved Vyas (B) Panini C) Shukadeva (D) Valmiki Ans-(B) EXPLANATION : Ashtadhyayi is sanskrit treatise on grammar written in the 6th to 5th century BC by the Indian grammarian Panini

Question number 59

Who wrote Abhigyan-Shakuntalam?

(A) Bana Bhatta (B) Ved Vyas

(C) Kalidasa (D) Bhavabhuti Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Abhigyan-Shakuntalam, a sanskrit play written by Kalidasa, narrates the story of Shakuntala and Dushyant as told in the epic Mahabharata.

Question number 60

Who had composed the Gita Govinda?

(A) Dhoyin (B) Goviardhanacharya

(C) Jayadeva (D) Lakshmana Sena Ans-(C) EXPLANATION : Gita Govinda is a lyrical epic composed by Jayadeva, a sanskrit poet of the last quarter of the twelfth century. He was the royal poet in the court of King Lakshmana Sena of Bengal.

Question number 61

Who founded the Vikramshila University?

(A) Dharmapala(B) Devapala (C) Gopala (D) Mahendrapala Ans-(A) EXPLANATION : Vikramshila University was founded by Pala king Dharmapala in the late 8th or early 9th century. It was the premier university of the era and one of the most important centres of Buddhist learning in India and grew to become the intellectual centre for Tantric Buddhism.

Question number 62

Which is representative of Dravida style of temple architecture? A : Viman B: Shikhara C: Mandapa D : Gopuram Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : Vimana is the structure over the garbhagriha or inner sanctum in the Hindu temples of and Odisha in . In typical temples of Odisha using the style of architecture. A typical Hindu temple in Dravidian style have gopurams in the four directions.

Question number 63

Which one of the following works deals with the history of Kashmir?

A : Gaudavaho B: Harshacharita C: Rajatarangini D : Vikramankadevacharita Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Rajatarangini is a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the north- western Indian subcontinent, particularly the kings of Kashmir. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. The work consists of 7826 verses, which are divided into eight books called Tarangas.:

Question number 64

Who established Nalanda Mahavihara ? A : Kumaragupta B: Skandagupta C: Devgupta D : Vedgupta Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : It was established in 1951 under Rajendra Prasad to revive the ancient seat of learning in Nalanda. It became a Deemed university in 2006. Nava Nalanda Mahavihara was founded to develop as a centre of higher studies in Pali and Buddhism along the lines of ancient Nalanda Mahavihara

Question number 65

Which of the following was the capital of Mahajanapada? A : Viratnagar B: Junagarh C: Mathura D : Kashi Answer: Option C

EXPLANATION : Surasena and other in the Post . Kingdom of Surasena (or Sourasena) was an ancient Indian region corresponding to the present-day region in , with Mathura as its .

Question number 66

Which is a work of Tamil Grammar that is said to be the earliest extant work of Tamil Literature?

A : Tolkappiyam B: Patinenmelkanakku C: Patinenkilkanakku D : None of the above Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : The oldest 'extant' Tamil literature is Tholkaapiyam. It is a grammar treatise. Tholkaapiyam is variously dated by scholars from 100 CE to as far back as 500 BC (a few even stretch it back upto 1000 or 5000 BC, but those claims cannot be established solidly!)

Question number 67 Which ancient account describes the Nandas expedition over all their rival monarchs that make them powerful rulers of ? A : Manusmriti B: Vedas C: D : Brahamanas Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Mahapadma, a , who has been described in the Puranas as "the destroyer of all the Kshatriyas", defeated many other kingdoms, including the , Kasis, Haihayas, Kalingas, Asmakas, Kurus, Maithilas, and the Vitihotras. He expanded his territory south of the into the Deccan . The Nandas, who usurped the throne of the dynasty c. 345 BCE, were thought to be of lowly origin. Mahapadma was said in the Puranas to be the son of Mahanandin and a Shudra mother.

Question number 68

Which of the following is/are poetry and ? A : Kumarasambhava B: Raghuvamsa C: Abhijnanashakuntalam D : All of the above Answer: Option D EXPLANATION : Kumarasambhava, Raghuvamsa and Abhijnanashakuntalam all the three are poems.

Question number 69

Which of the following is not a religious text? A : Rigveda B: Sangam C: Upanishad D : None of the above

Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : The Sangam texts are different from the Vedic texts, particularly the Rig Veda. They do not constitute religious literature. The short and long poems were composed by numerous poets in praise of various heroes and heroines and are in secular nature. They are not primitive songs, but literature of high quality.

Question number 70

Which of the following is related to Etymology? A : Shiksha B: C: Nirukta D : Vyakaran Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Nirukta means explanation or interpretation. It is related to one of the six ancient Vedangas. Nirukta mainly works on Etymology and deals with the correct interpretation of Sanskrit words in the Vedas.

Question number 71

The Virupaksha Temple was built by the A : Chalukyas B: Pallavas C: Kakatiyas D : Satavahans Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : The Virupaksha Temple is located in near , in the state of in southern India. Virupaksha is a form of Shiva and has other temples dedicated to him. The temple's history is uninterrupted from about the 7th century when it was built by the Chalukyas. Evidence indicates there were additions made to the temple in the late Chalukyan and Hoysala periods, though most of the temple buildings are attributed to the Vijayanagar period.

Question number 72

Who is the founder of ? A : B: Harshvardhan C: Bimbisara D : Ghananand Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Initially, the capital was Rajagriha. Later, it was shifted to Pataliputra, near the present-day in India. The founder of this dynasty was Bimbisara himself. According to the Buddhist text, the Mahavamsa, Bimbisara was anointed king by his father at the age of fifteen.

Question number 73

The revolutionary like Ashfaqullah Khan, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Lahiri were all associated with :

A : The Kakori Conspiracy case (1925) B: 1857 Revolt C: Chauri Chaura Case D : The Jallianwala Bagh massacre Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : The Kakori Conspiracy (or Kakori train robbery or Kakori Case) was a train robbery that took place between Kakori and, near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925 during the Indian Independence Movement against the British Indian Government. The robbery was organised by Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).

Question number 74

The Moplah Rebellion in 1921 in Malabar was Muslim Peasants Rabellion against : A : Muslim Land Holders B: The British Government Authority C: The non-tribal outsiders D : Hindu Land Holders Answer: Option D EXPLANATION : Hindu Land Holders. The Malabar rebellion (also known as the Moplah rebellion and Māppila Lahaḷa in ) was an armed uprising in 1921 against British authority in the Malabar region of Southern India by Mappilas and the culmination of a series of Mappila revolts that recurred throughout the 19th century and early 20th century.

Question number 75

The Rowlatt Act was passed in

A : 1905 B: 1913 C: 1919 D : 1925 Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919 , popularly known as the Rowlatt Act or Black Act, was a legislative act passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in on 10 March 1919, indefinitely extending the emergency measures of preventive indefinite detention, incarceration without trial and judicial review enacted in the Defence of India Act 1915 during the First World War.

Question number 76

Mahatma Gandhi launched Kheda Satyagrah on Gujrat in 1918 to support the cause of : A : Mill Owners B: Land Lords C: The peasants

D : Kol Rebellion Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : The Kheda Satyagraha of 1918, in the Kheda district of Gujarat, India during the period of the , was a Satyagraha movement organized by Mohandas Gandhi. It was a major revolt in the Indian independence movement. It was the third Satyagraha movement after Champaran Satyagraha and mill strike. Gandhi organised this movement to support peasants of the Kheda district. People of Kheda were unable to pay the high taxes levied by the British due to crop failure and a plague epidemic.

Question number 77 The East India Association was set up in :

A : 1866 B: 1857 C: 1836 D : 1885 Answer: Option A The East India Association was founded by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866, in collaboration with Indians and retired British officials in . It superseded the London Indian Society and was a platform for discussing matters and ideas about India, and to provide representation for Indians to the Government.

Question number 78

'Ayurveda' has its origin in A : Rig Veda B: Sama Veda C: Yajur Veda D : Atharva Veda

Answer: Option D EXPLANATION : The fundamentals on which the Ayurvedic system is based are essentially true for all times and do not change from are to age. These are based on human actors, on intrinsic causes. The origin of Ayurveda is attributed to Atharva Veda where mention is made several diseases with their treatments

Question number 79 Two popular Assemblies of the Vedic period were

A : Sabha and Mahasabha B: Mahasabha and Ganasabha C: Sabha and Samiti D : and Kula Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : The term Sabha denotes both the assembly (in early Rig-Vedic) and the assembly hall (Later Rig-Vedic). Women who were called Sabhavati also attended this assembly. It was basically a kin-based assembly and the practice of women attending it was stopped in later-Vedic times. The references to samiti come from the latest books of the Rig- Veda showing that it assumed importance only

towards the end of the Rig-Vedic period. Samiti was a folk assembly in which people of the tribe gathered for transacting tribal business. It discussed philosophical issues and was concerned with religious ceremonies and prayers. References suggest that the Rajan was elected and re-elected by the Samiti.

Question number 80

The Rigvedic Aryans were governed by a A : Tribal republic B: Form of democracy C: Monarchical government D : Rule by elders Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Monarchy was the normal form of Government. Kingship was hereditary. But there was a sort of hierarchy in some states, several members of the royal family exercising the power in common. There were references of democratic form of government and their chiefs were elected by the assembled people.

Question number 81

In the early Vedic-period, Varna system was based on

A : Education B: Birth C: Occupation D : Talent

Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : The terms varna (theoretical classification based on occupation). The classical authors scarcely speak of anything other than the varnas. 'Varna' defines the hereditary roots of a newborn, it indicates the colour, type, order or class of people.

Question number 82

The ritualistic precepts pertaining to the hymns of the Vedas are known as the

A : Samhitas B: C: Brahmanas D : Upanishads Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : The Brahmanas are chiefly religious documents, including ritualistic precepts and sacrificial duties.

Question number 83

The name of the Indian Astronomer (who knew five astronomical systems), who lived in the 6th century was

A : B: Bhandarkar C: D : Prasastapada Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : Vārāhamihira (c. early 6th-century), also called Vārāha or Mihira, was a Hindu polymath who lived in Ujjain (Madhya Pradesh, India). He was born in the Avanti region, roughly corresponding to modern-day Malwa, to Adityadasa, who was himself an astronomer.

Question number 84

Who among the following was the pioneer of Yoga? A : Patanjali B: Banabhatta C: D : Vrudukanta Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : The compiler of the Yoga sūtras, a text on Yoga theory and practice, and a notable scholar of Samkhya school of Hindu philosophy. There is a fourth Hindu scholar also named Patanjali, who likely lived in 8th-century CE and wrote a commentary on Charaka Samhita and this text is called Carakavarttika.

Question number 85

The philosophical essence, The world is but God manifest and God is my own soul may be traced to the

A : Vedas B: Upanishadas C: Puranas D : Manusmriti Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : God is not merely the transcendent numinous other, but is also the universal spirit, which is the basis of human personality and its ever renewing vitalizing power.

Question number 86

Which one of the following Vedas contains sacrificial formula? A : Sama Veda B: Rig Veda C: Yajur Veda D : Atharva Veda Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Yajurveda is a compound Sanskrit word, composed of yajus and veda. Michael Witzel interprets Yajurveda to mean a "knowledge text of prose " used in Vedic rituals. Ralph Griffith interprets the name to mean "knowledge of sacrifice or sacrificial texts and formulas".

Question number 87

The Mauryan administration was highly A : Decentralized B: Bureaucratic C: Centralized D : Despotic Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : It can be appropriately claimed that the Mauryan administration system, though monarchical, was sufficient because it had the privilege of possessing successful administrators such as Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusara Maurya and Ashoka

Question number 88

Harshavardhana organised his religious assembly at A : Mathura B: Prayag C: D : Varanasi Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : Harsha organised religious assemblies every fifth year of his reign at Prayag (Allahabad). He held six such assemblies during his reign. Whatever was left in the state treasury after five years, Harsha used to give it all in charity at that time. It is said that he used to distribute in charity even his personal belongings.

Question number 89

The author of '' was a contemporary of A : Ashoka B: Chandragupta Maurya C: Samudragupta D : Chandragupta Vikramaditya

Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : Kautilya, also known as , was believed to be the chief minister in the court of Chandragupta Maurya, a contemporary of Alexander and the first great emperor of India who ruled the subcontinent in the 4th Century BC.

Question number 90

Which event brought about a profound change in Ashoka's administrative policy?

A : The third Buddhist Council B: The Kalinga War C: His embracing of Buddhism D : His sending missionary to Ceylon Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : The Kalinga War (ended c. 262 BCE) was fought in what is now India between the under Ashoka and the state of Kalinga, an independent feudal kingdom located on the east , in the present-day state of Odisha and north of Andhra Pradesh . The Kalinga War included

one of the largest and bloodiest battles in Indian history. Despite an unexpectedly fierce resistance from the Kalingans, the Maurya Empire claimed victory and annexed the state of Kalinga. Kalinga did not have a king as it was culturally run without any. This is the only major war Ashoka fought after his accession to the throne. The bloodshed of this war is said to have prompted Ashoka to adopt Buddhism

Question number 91

Arrange the following Magadhan dynasties in chronological order- I. Nandas II. Shisu nagas III. Mauryas IV. Hariyankas A : IV, II, III and I B: II, I, IV and III C: IV, II, I and III D : III, I, IV and II Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Magadhan dynasties in chronological order: Haryankas (544 - 412 BC) Shishunags (412 - 344 BC) Nandas (344 - 322 BC) Mauryans (323 - 184BC)

Question number 92

The year of accession of Kanishka to throne was A : 108 AD B: 78 AD C: 58 AD D : 128AD Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : Earlier scholars believed that Kanishka ascended the Kushan throne in 78 CE, and that this date was used as the beginning of the Saka calendar era. However, historians no longer regard this date as that of Kanishka's accession.

Question number 93

Which of the following does not represent an important source material for the Mauryan period?

A : Literary works B: Foreign accounts C: Numismatic evidence D : Epigraphic sources Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Numismatic evidence indicates that they controlled territory in the subcontinent until the beginning of the Common Era. The Scythian tribes, renamed Indo- Scythians, brought about the demise of the Indo-Greeks in 70 B.C.E., seizing the region of Mathura, and Gujarat

The capital of Kanishka was

A : Puruspura B: Benares C: Allahabad D : Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : Purushapura(Peshawar) was the capital of Kanishka.

Question number 95

Charak was the famous court physician of A : Harsha B: Chandra Gupta Maurya C: Ashoka D : Kanishka Answer: Option D EXPLANATION : Charak was the court physician of Kanishka I. He was one of the principal contributors to the ancient art and of Ayurveda, a system of medicine and lifestyle developed in Ancient India. He is sometimes referred to as the Father of Indian Medicine.

Question number 96

Who among the following has written the play of Mudrarakshasa (narrates the ascent of the king Chandragupta Maurya)? A : Kautilya B: Vishakhadatta C: Kalidasa D : Panini Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : The Mudrarakshasa is a Sanskrit-language play by Vishakhadatta that narrates the ascent of the king Chandragupta Maurya ( r . c. 324 – c. 297 BCE) to power in India.

Question number 97

Assertion (A): Chandragupta Maurya failed in his first campaign against . Reason (R): He did not begin with the frontiers, but invaded the heart of Magadha.

A : Both A and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A B: Both A and R is true but R is not a correct explanation of A C: A is true but R is false D : A is false but R is true Answer: Option A EXPLANATION : The Maurya Empire was a geographically-extensive Iron Age historical power based in Magadha and founded by Chandragupta Maurya which dominated ancient India between 322 and 187 BCE

The Sultan of Delhi who transferred two monolithic Mauryan pillars to Delhi to beautify his capital, was A : Iltutmish B: Alauddin Khalji C: Firuz Tughluq D : Muhammad-bin-Tughluq Answer: Option C EXPLANATION : Firuz Tughluq, The Sultan of Delhi who transferred two monolithic Mauryan pillars to Delhi to beautify his capital. Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq was a Turkic Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq Dynasty, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to 1388. His father's name was Rajab who had the title Sipahsalar.

Question number 99

The Monk whom Chandragupta Maurya accompanied to South India was A : Asvaghosa B: Vasumitra C: Upagupta D : Answer: Option D EXPLANATION : Bhadrabahu (c. 367 - c. 298 BCE) was, according to the sect of Jainism, the last Shruta Kevalin in Jainism. He was the last acharya of the undivided Jain . He was the last spiritual teacher of Chandragupta Maurya.

Question number 100

Who were the first kings to issue gold coins in India? A : Mauryas B: Indo-Greeks C: D : Kushans Answer: Option B EXPLANATION : The Indo-Greeks were the first rulers in India to issue coins which can definitely be attributed to the kings. They were the first to issue gold coins in India.

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