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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03746-5 - The Cambridge Companion to Hip-Hop Edited by Justin A.Williams Index More information

Index

?uestlove, 67 Baba Israel Boom Bap Meditations,92 2 Live Crew, 212, 265 Bach, J. S., 215, 217 2Pac, 1, 75, 78, 94, 186, 272, 277, 317 (aka Tupac Brandenburg Concerto No. 3, 213 Shakur) Bad Boy Records, 141, 212 “Black Jesuz,” 78 Baddd Spellah, 227 “Dear Mama,” 1 Badu, Erykah, 18 “Killuminati,” 317 Bain, Bryonn 4th 25 Lyrics from Lockdown,90 “Live from Iraq,” 197 Baller Blockin, 172 8Mile, 168, 170, 175, 176 Bambaataa, Afrika, 1, 25, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 64, 9th Wonder, 1, 67, 152 65, 66, 73, 135, 238, 281, 310 50 Cent, 198, 272, 315 “Planet Rock,” 65, 305 “Patiently Waiting,” 210, 216 Banks, Azalea, 188 Baraka, Amiri, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 87, Abdoh, Reza 229 Hip-hop Waltz of Eurydice,89 Base,Primera,265 Abrams, Abiola, and Antoy Grant Basil, Toni, 23 Goddess City,90 Basquiat, Jean-Michel, 35 Absolute Beginner Bass, Holly, 91 “Hammerhart,” 107 Moneymaker,91 Abstract Rude, 13, 18 Bautista, Kilusan Advanced Chemistry, 294, 295, 297 Universal Self,92 “Fremd im eigenen Land,” 295 B-Boys of Wolverhampton, 27 Linguist, 295 Bubbles (aka Hanifa Queen), 27 Afrika Baby Bam, see Jungle Brothers Beastie Boys, 1, 105, 207, 223 Ahern, Charlie, 64 Beat Street, 26, 33, 169, 177, 294 Aiello, Danny, 237 Beatles Akon, 7, 274 “Tomorrow Never Knows,” 212 Akuryo,¯ 247, 248, 250 beat-making, 1, 4 Albee, Edward, 87 Beats, Evis, 246 ALE, 34 Beatty, Paul, 12 Alexander, Robert Beck, 44 A Preface to the Alien Garden,93 Beefy, 223 Alexander, Zakiyyah “Dork Date,” 226 Blurring Shine,93 “Game Store Girl,” 226 Ali G, 232 Beiderbecke, Bix, 229 ALIF, 273, 275 Berio, Luciano, 208 allosonic quotation, 208, 209, 215 Berry, Fred “The Penguin,” 23 Amenaza, 265, 266 BET, 168 Amoeba Music, 152 Beyonce,´ 202, 316 Amoeba Records, 153 Big Boi, 186 Anarchy, 243, 247 Big Daddy Kane, 14, 304 Rob the World, 246 Long Live the Kane, 305 Andre 3000, 186 Big Youth, 256 Aqua Teen Hunger Force, 224 BIO, 36 Asociacion´ Hermanos Saiz, 265 Bionic, 256 ATS, 247, 250 Bird Man, 187 autosonic quotation, 208, 209, 215 Black and White, 170, 177 Awadi, Didier, 273 Black August Hip-Hop Collective, 265 [341] AZ, 73, 74 Black Twang, 256, 258

342 Index

Blackalicious CB4, 170, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178 “Blazing Arrow,” 107 Chamillionaire Blackmon, Toni, 87 “Ridin’,” 197, 227 Blaze, R. Kain, 18 Charles, Ray, 146 Blige, Mary J., 141 Chase, Charlie, 43 “Don’t Go,” 149 Chehon, 251 “I’m Going Down,” 148 Chestnut, Morris, 232 “I Never Wanna Live Without You,” 141, 144, Chief Rocker Busy Bee, 61 147, 148 Chillin’ Villian Empire, 19 My Life, 4, 135, 136, 141, 142 choreopoetry, 3, 89 “Real Love,” 142 Chuck D, 18, 109, 237, 304, 307; see Public What’s the 411?, 142 Enemy Blow, Kurtis, 13, 64, 76, 105, 186, 294 Clarence 13X, 73, 74 “The Breaks,” 105 Class Act, 178 Bomb Squad, The, 207, 210, 306 Clemente, Steffan “Mr. Wiggles,” 85 Boogie Down Productions, 310 Clinton, George, 72, 212 By All Means Necessary, 307 Clockers, 232 Criminal Minded, 307 Cobain, Kurt, 314 “Stop the Violence,” 308 COCO 144, 34 Bored Stiff, 159 Coke La Rock, 13, 14 Bose and Ani, 247 Cold Crush Brothers, The, 61 Boss, 245 Collins, Lyn, 305 Bovell, Denis, 256 Colon, Richard “Crazy Legs,” 26 Bowie, David, 137 Colony, The, 261 Boyz N the Hood, 5, 170, 172, 232, 233, 235, 238, Colors, 170 239, 240 COMET, 34 Brand Nubian, 73 Common, 66, 198, 201, 265, 315, 316 Breakin’, 26, 169, 170, 171, 177 “I Am Music,” 102 Breakin’ 2: Electric Boogaloo,26 Compagnie Kaﬁg¨ ,89 Breakin’ Convention, 7 “Boxe-Boxe,” 89 Bridgeport Music Inc. v. Dimension Films, Connell, Steve, and Sekou Andrews 212 Word Begins,90 Brother Ali, 199 Consejo, Anonimo Brother D and the Collective Effort “No More War!,” 268 “How We Gonna Make the Black Nation Cookie Crew, 256 Rise?,” 59 Cool as Ice, 169, 175 Brown, Foxy, 189 Cornelius, Don, 23; see also Soul Train Brown, James, 11, 72, 306 Corte, Al, 265 “Funky Drummer,” 229 Craig Mack feat. the Notorious B.I.G. Brown Sugar, 173, 174, 178 “Flava In Ya Ear,” 103 Buddha Brand, 244 CRASH, 35, 36 Buena Vista Social Club, 266 Crazy Legs, 1, 61 Bullins, Ed, 87 Crazy-A, 244 Bulworth, 170, 175, 177 Cross Movement, 80 Bun-B, 67 Burroughs, William S., 12 Da Crime Posse, 296 Byrd, Bobby, 305 Daara J, 273 Darthreider, 252 C64, 227 “Safe is Dangerous,” 247 Campbell, Clive, see DJ Kool Herc DASH 167, 36 Campbell, Don “Campbellock,” 23 Davis, Eisa, 91 Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, 212 Angela’s Mixtape,94 Cappo, 258, 262 Day in the Life, A, 171 Carlos, Wendy/Walter, 217 Day One Open Mic, 152, 154 Switched on Bach, 213, 216 DC Talk, 80 Cartel, 296, 297 De La Soul, 66, 137, 211, 281, 310 Cash Money, 303 “Say No Go,” 119 Castro, Fidel, 267 3 Feet High and Rising, 1, 119, 211

343 Index

dead prez, 199, 265, 322 DMX, 75 “I Have a Dream Too,” 197 Do the Right Thing, 5, 169, 175, 232, 236, 238, M-1, 67 240 Deal Real (Records), 257, 258, 259, 260, 261 Dollar, Creﬂo, 76 Death of a Dynasty, 171 Don’t be a Menace to South Central While Death Row Records, 173 Drinking Your Juice in the Hood, 170 Dee, Ruby, 240 Dowd, Tom, 138 Def Jam, 302 DOZE (aka Doze Green), 36, 38, 39, 40 Def Jam Records, 307 Dr. Dre, 1, 56, 109, 199, 209, 211, 213, Def Poetry (also known as Def Poetry Jam), 18, 308 315 “Let me Ride,” 213 Del the Funky Homosapien, 153 “Nuthin but a ‘G’ Thang,” 213 Delay, Jan, 108 “The Chronic,” 115 Deli, 247 Chronic 2001, 213 Dengaryu,¯ 243, 248 Dual Core, 227 Dengaryu¯ and Stillichimiya Dubois,W.E.B.,87,154 “Yabee ikioi de sugee moriagaru,” 248 Durden, Moncell “Ill Kosby,” 22 Denyo, 107, 108, 109 DURO, 33 Diam’s, 276 Dust Brothers, The, 207 Diaz, Kristoffer Dynamic Rockers, 27 Welcome To Arroyo,94 Dynamic Twins, 80 Digable Planets Dyypride, 248 “It’s Good to Be Here,” 127 Digital Underground E-40, 158 “Nuttin’ Nis Funky,” 129 East End x Yuri Dire Straits, 137 “Dayone,” 244 Disco Mix Club (D.M.C.), 44 “Maicca,” 244 discursive repetition, 209 Eazy-E, 186, 302, 309; see N.W.A. Disorda, 258 ECD, 244, 247, 250 DJ Adalberto, 265 “Baby Cart and Placard,” 248 DJ Akakabe, 246 “Straight Outta 138,” 248 DJ Ariel Fernandez,´ 269 ECD and Illreme DJ Coma, 246 “The Bridge Anti-Racist Remix,” 250 DJ David, 50 EGREM, 267 DJ Disco Wiz, 43 El Bee, 63 DJ Dove, 80 Electric Boogaloos, 24 DJ Eddie Cheeba, 13 EMI, 212, 266, 269 DJ Hollywood, 13 Eminem, 112, 113, 123, 168 DJ Honda, 247 “Lose Yourself,” 317 DJ Izoh, 246 “Mosh,” 197 DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince, 137, 302, 303, “Stan,” 101 311 “’Till I Collapse,” 109 He’s the DJ, I’m the Rapper, 302 Eno, Brian, 288 “Parents Just Don’t Understand,” 302 EPMD DJ Kentaro,¯ 246 “D.J.K LaBoss,” 303 DJ Khaled Strictly Business, 302, 305 “All I Do Is Win,” 317 “You Gots to Chill,” 306 DJ Kool Herc, 1, 13, 14, 25, 43, 61, 62 EPROM, 285 DJ Krush, 244, 245 Erci E, 296 “Kiro,” 245 Eric B and Rakim, 46, 303 DJ Premier, 107, 281 “Eric B Never Scared,” 303 DJ QBert, 282 “Microphone Fiend,” 304 DJ Shadow, 210, 281, 282 Paid in Full, 305 DJ Shinco, 247 Esposito, Giancarlo, 237 DJ Steve Dee, 46 Esquire, Buddy, 62 DJ Yella, see N.W.A. Esu-Elegbara, 38 D.M.C. World Championships, 44, 50, 52, 246, Excalibah, 258, 261 305 EZO, 36

344 Index

Fab5Freddy,1 Glasper, Robert, 15 Fabio, Sarah Webster, 11 Glover, Savion, and George C. Wolfe Fafadi, 274 Bring in Da Noise, Bring in Da Funk,88 Fairey, Shepard, 7, 316 Godess, Rha Falco Low,90 “RockmeAmadeus,”294 Gokh-Bi System, 274 Falcon,´ Bruno “Pop N Taco,” 24 Gooding, Cuba, Jr., 232, 233 Fallacy, 258 Good Life Cafe,´ The, 18, 19 Fantastic Four Double Dutch Girls, 26 Gospel Gangstaz, 80 Die Fantastischen Vier, 296 GOTAL, 276 Farrakhan, Louis, 64 gothic choral aesthetic, 217 Fat Boys Gould, Glenn, 146 Kool Rock-ski, 64 Grae, Jean, 198, 199, 229 Fear of a Black Hat, 170, 176 Grafﬁti Rock,26 Fernandez,´ Ariel, 267 Grand Upright Music, Ltd. v. Warner Bros. Fiasco, Lupe, 186, 198, 323 Records, Inc., 211 “Kids with Guns,” 198 Grand Wizzard Theodore, 25 Food and Liquor, 323 Grandmaster Caz, 43 The Cool, 323 Grandmaster Flash, 1, 14, 43, 61, 281 Fishburne, Laurence, 233 “The Adventures of Grandmaster Flash on the Fitzgerald, Ella, 147 Wheels of Steel,” 43 Five Percent Nations, 3, 64, 73, 74, 76, 78, Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, 1, 81, 82 294 Flashdance, 26, 244 “The Message,” 1, 101, 198 Fler, 297, 298 Grandmixer D.ST, 44 Flying Lotus, 7, 280, 282 Grasso, Francis, 24 Forbes, Kamilah, 91 Green, Al, 72 Rhyme Deferred,93 Grupo Uno, 265, 268 Foxx, Jamie, 18 G-Unit Records, 217 Franklin, Aretha, 306 Guru, 73 Freestyle Fellowship, 18 Aceyalone, 19 Hall, B., 18 Myka 9, 19 Haring, 35 P.E.A.C.E., 19 Harlem Renaissance, 17 Self Jupiter, 19 Hancock, Herbie, 44 Fresh Prince, The, 311 Harris, Rennie, 88 Frois, Pee, 273 Haruo, Chikada, 244 Frosty Freeze, 26 “Hoo! Ei! Ho!,” 251 Fugees,The,272 Hayes, Isaac, 56 Funkadelic Heller, Jerry, 302 “Get Off Your Ass and Jam,” 212 Hendrix, Jimi, 11 Funky Four Plus One, 310 Hernandez-Kolski, Joe, 87 FUZZ 1, 34 You Wanna Piece of Me?,85 Herrera, Pablo, 267 Gagle Hieroglyphics, 152, 153 “Ubugoe,” 247 Hill, Lauryn, 277 Game, The, 186, 320 Hinds, Rickerby Gang Starr, 5, 281 Daze to Come,93 “DWYCK,” 14 Dreamscape,85 “Jazz Thing,” 209 Hoch, Danny, 87, 90, 91 Gaston, 275 Jails, Hospitals and Hip-hop,91 Gaye, Marvin, 72, 274 Some People,91 Gee, Mike, 311; see Jungle Brothers Till the Break of Dawn,94 Get Rich or Die Tryin’, 171, 176 Holiday, Billie, 146, 149 G-Funk, 56, 213 holy hip-hop, 3, 72, 76, 78, 79, 80, 82 Ghetto Original Dance Company, 28 Horris Records, 227 Ginsberg, Allan, 12 House of Tr´es,27 Giovanni, Nikki, 18 House Party 2, 169, 174, 175, 177, 178

345 Index

Houston, Whitney, 147 Jones, Rhodessa How She Move, 171 The Medea Project,88 Hudlin, Reginald, 169 Jones, Sara, 90, 91 Hughes Brothers, 169 Bridge and Tunnel,91 Hughes, Langston, 12 “Your Revolution,” 91 Hunger (of Gagle) JONONE, 36 “The Revolution Will Not Be Televised,” 247 Jonzi D, 7, 87, 89, 91 Hustle and Flow, 171, 173, 174, 175, 177 Broken Lineage,89 The Letter,89 IGottheHookUp, 171 “Lyrical Fearta,” 89 I Roy, 256 Joseph, Marc Bamuthi, 91 i Zoom i Rockers, 247 Red, Black, and Green: Ice Cube, 199, 207, 232, 233, 235, 238, 240, 308, A Blues,94 309, 314 The Break/s “Black Korea,” 200 AMixtapefortheStage,92 “How to Survive in South Central,” 235 Word Becomes Flesh,92 “The Nigga Ya Love to Hate,” 122 J-Ski, 64 AmeriKKKa’s Most Wanted, 200 Juice Crew, 305 Death Certiﬁcate, 200 Juks, 153 The Predator, 200 Jungle Brothers, The, 66, 310, 311 Ice-T, 130, 137, 199, 238, 314 Straight Out the Jungle, 302, 310 “You Played Yourself,” 130 Jurassic 5, 18 Power, 302 Chali 2na, 19 I.D.O.L., 80 Just Another Day, 175, 176 Illreme, 250 Immortal Technique, 198, 199 K Dub Shine, 245, 248, 249 Int Eighty, 227 Karakan, 296 interpretive community, 218 Kennedy, Adrienne, 87 Interscope/Aftermath Records, 217 Kerouac, Jack, 12 Invisibl Skratch Piklz, The, 52 Keur Gi Crew, 275 Ives, Charles, 208 Keyti, 275 Kid Creole, 14 J Dilla, 7, 280, 281, 282, 283, 287, 289 Kid Cudi, 186, 198 “Don’t Cry,” 283 Kid Koala, 229 J.J. Fad Killapriest, 71 “Supersonic,” 302 Killer Mike Jackson, Janet, 283 “Reagan,” 197, 323 Jackson, Mahalia, 149 King Giddra, 244, 245, 249 Jackson, Michael, 274, 296 King, Martin Luther, Jr., 64 Jam on the Groove, 85, 89 King of the Nerds, 225 Jasiri X, 199 King, S.F.C., 80 Jay Electronica, 198 Kireek, 246 Jay-Z, 66, 183, 187, 198, 201, 202, 316, 317, 321, Know Thy Enemy, 171 322 Kool and the Gang, 306 Magna Carta Holy Grail, 314 Kool Keith, 229 The Black Album, 183 Kool Moe Dee Jay-Z and Kanye West “Wild Wild West,” 302 “Murder to Excellence,” 198 Kraftwerk, 64 Jay-Z and Young Jeezy Kreidler, Todd, 94 “My President,” 201 KRS-One, 63, 66, 107, 186, 202, 229, 238, 308 Jean, Wyclef, 67 “MCs Act Like They Don’t Know,” 102, 104, Jefferies, Aaron 105 How to Break,90 Krush Groove, 169, 170, 177 Jehst, 258 Kumiai, Infumiai, 244, 246 Johnson, Linton Kwesi, 256 Kuti, Fela, 64 How to Break,90 Kweli, Talib, 66, 198, 265, 316 Johnson, Nate “Slide,” 24 Kwikstep, 89 Johnson, Syl, 306 Kyoki¯ no sakura, 249

346 Index

L.A. Symphony, 80 Martin, Trayvon, 320 Lady of Rage, 188 Martinez, Louis “Alien Ness” Roberto, 22 LADY PINK, 35, 36 Mase, 76 Ladybug, 127 Maserati, Tony, 135, 136, 140, 141, 143, Ladybug Mecca, 127 147 Lamar, Kendrick, 186, 198, 321 Masta Ace, 15 Last Poets, The, 12, 13, 18, 87 “Born to Roll,” 15 Led Zeppelin, 123 Master P, 187, 190 LEE, 33 Matador, 275 Lee, Joie, 240 Matt Sax, 94 Lee, Spike, 169, 232, 236, 237, 238, 240 Clay, 90, 92 LeFonque, Buckshot, 44 Mayfield, Curtis, 56 Levan, Larry, 24 mbalax, 273 Leon,Ayade,90 mc chris, 5, 223, 224, 225, 227 Thieves in the Temple,92 “Nrrrd Grrrl,” 225 LetItShine, 173, 174, 178 “On*,” 225 Levin, Marc, 232, 238, 240 “The Tussin,” 226 Lichtenstein, Roy, 35 MC Eiht, 238 Lil’ Jon, 317 MC Frontalot, 5, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, Lil’ Kim, 189 229, 230 Lil’ Wayne, 181, 183, 198 “Good Old Clyde,” 229 Linguist, see Advanced Chemistry “Goth Girls,” 226 Little Brother, 198 “Wallflowers,” 225 Living Legends, 152, 153, 159 MC Hammer, 75, 303 LL Cool J, 49, 186 MC Hawking, 223, 224, 226 “Going Back to Cali,” 302 “All My Shootings Be Drive-Bys,” 226 “I Can’t Live Without My Radio,” 244 MC Lars, 5, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 229, London Posse, 256 230 Lord Top Ramen, 157 “Flow Like Poe,” 225 Los Aldeanos, 269 “Hipster Girl,” 226 Love, Harry, 262 “Internet Relationships (Are Not Real Love, Monie, 170, 256, 310 Relationships),” 225 Lovebug Starkski, 64 MC Lyte, 310 Low Life, 261 MC Ren, 309; see N.W.A. LSD OM, 34 MC Router, 227 Lucky Dube,´ 273 MC Solaar, 273 Ludacris, 183 Mell “O,” 256 Mel, Melle, 14, 105; see also Grandmaster Flash Ma Rainey, 149 and the Furious Five Mac Dre, 158 Menace II Society, 170 Madlib, 7, 113, 280, 282, 287, 288, 289 Meters, The, 305 Madonna, 123 MF Doom, 7, 112, 282 Madvillain, 112, 113 m-flo, 243, 248 “All Caps,” 112 MIA, 198, 199 Malade,Fou,275 MICO, 33 Major Force, 243 Mighty Crown, 251 Malcolm X, 61, 63, 64, 73 Miller, Steve, 306 Malibu’s Most Wanted, 170, 176 Minaj, Nicki, 188, 277 Mancuso, David, 24 Miranda, Lin-Manuel Marci X, 174 In the Heights,93 MARE 139, 34, 36 Missy Elliot, 276 Maria, 248 “Who You Gonna Call?,” 217 Markie, Biz, 211 Mix Master Mike, 52 Goin’ Off, 305 Monzy, 223, 224, 228 Marley, Bob, 273 “So Fucking Pimp,” 228 and the Wailers, 66 Mop Top Crew, 27 Marl, Marley, 305, 306 Mor Thiam, 274 In Control, Volume I, 305 Mos Def, 18, 76, 198, 265

347 Index

Moses, Robert, 33 Outkast, 198 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus “War,” 197 Requiem, 217 Ozomatli, 44 Mr. Lif “Home of the Brave,” 197 P. Diddy, 321; see Puff Daddy MSC, 243 Pabon, Jorge “Popmaster Fabel,” 22, 59, 85 Matador, 246 Paris, 265 MTV, 168 Parker, Charlie, 32, 209 Mud Family, 258 Parknsun, Micall, 257, 260, 261 Murda Musik, 171 Parliament Funkadelic, 56, 64 Muro, 244 Parr, Scha Dara, 247 Murray, Monalisa, 18 “Konya wa Boogie Back,” 244 Murs, 152, 153, 154, 160, 163 Pay As You Go, 257 musematic repetition, 209 Peace, Michael, 80 Mystro Perez, Rosie, 240 “Kiss That Arse Goodnight,” 262 Pharcyde, The “Passin’ me By,” 209 Nas, 14, 198, 229, 321, 323 PHASE 2, 32 “I Gave You Power,” 198 Phonte, 198 Illmatic,74 Phunktional,89 “Life’s a Bitch,” 102 P.I.D., 80 Native Tongues, 66, 73, 105, 310 Play’d: A Hip-hop Story, 173 Naughty by Nature, 265 Poetic Pilgrimage, 259, 261 N’Dour, Vivian, 274 Poor Righteous Teachers, 73, 199 nerdcore (hip-hop), 5 Portishead, 44 New Jack City, 170, 172 Positive Black Soul (PBS), 273 NICER, 36 Prince Paul, 119, 281 NIC-ONE, 36 Priority Records, 302 Nishinari, Shingo, 243, 245, 246 Project Blowed, 13, 18 Nix, 275 ProjectSoulCollective,89 Nixon, Richard, 60 Psalm One, 198 Nosaj Thing, 285 Public Enemy, 1, 18, 63, 66, 73, 198, 199, 207, Notorious, 171, 173, 175, 176 212, 237, 238, 239, 240, 272, 297, 304, Notorious B.I.G., The, 103, 187, 317 306, 307, 310, 311, 317 Ready to Die, 212 “Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos,” 307 “Suicidal Thoughts,” 320 “Don’t Believe the Hype,” 247 N.W.A, 199, 297, 302, 308, 309, 310, 311, Fear of a Black Planet,1 317 “Fight the Power,” 102, 109, 236, 237, 238 “100 Miles and Runnin’,” 109, 212 It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back, “Fuck the Police,” 197, 309 306, 307 Straight Outta Compton, 308, 310, 317 “Terminator X to the Edge of Panic,” 303 Puff Daddy, 141, 142, 148, 187 Obama, Barack, 7, 94, 183, 201, 315, 316, 317, Punpee, 244 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324 Pushim, 251 Obsesion,´ 268 Odis, Big Money, 129 QBert, 52 Ohio Players, 212 Q-Tip, 16, 105 Ol’ Dirty Bastard, 317 Queen Latifah, 73, 170, 238, 310 OMSB, 248 “Ladies First,” 310 Orbison, Roy Quinones,˜ Adolfo “Shabadoo,” 23 “Oh, Pretty Woman,” 212 Orff, Carl Rage Against the Machine, 52 Carmina Burana, 217 Raise, Arei, 250 Orishas, 266, 269 “8.30,” 250 ALoCubano, 266 “Kyoji,”¯ 250 O’Sullivan, Gilbert Rakim, 14, 73, 105 “Alone Again (Naturally),” 211 Rammellzee, 37 Out Da Ville, 258 Ramsay,Lee,258

348 Index

Rankin Taxi, 247 Sanchez, Sonia, 12, 15, 18 Rascal, Dizzee, 257 SBS, 265 Boy in da Corner, 257 Scott, Jill, 18 Reagan, Ronald, 26, 60, 234, 239, 308 Scott-Heron, Gil, 12, 87, 247 Real, Pete, 258 “B-Movie,” 12 Rebel MC, 256 “Whitey on the Moon,” 12 Reck’nShop:LivefromBrooklyn,27 Scott LaRock, see Boogie Down Productions Reid, Benji, 89, 91 Sean “Puff Daddy”/“P. Diddy” Combs, see Puff 13 Mics, 89, 92 Daddy Reincarnated, 57, 66 Seeda, 243 REM, 314 Sermon, Erick, see EPMD resistance vernacular, 292, 298 Sha Rock, 310 Rhymefest Shady Records, 217 “Pull me Back,” 198 Seiko,¯ Ito,¯ 244, 245 Rhymes, Busta, 14, 15, 109, 272, 283 Shante, Roxanne “Gimme Some More,” 15 “Roxanne’s Revenge,” 207 Rhymester, 244, 248 Shepard, Sam, 87 Rhythm Technicians, 28 Shing02, 245, 247 Rino, 245, 248 Shlohmo, 285 Ritchie, Lionel, 274 Shocklee, Hank, see The Bomb Squad Robitzky, Niels “Storm,” 22 Show-K, 250 Robinson, Smokey, 274 “Nihonjin Stand Up!,” 250 Rock, Rick, 213 Sido, 298 Rock Steady Crew (R.S.C.), 26, 27, 28, 36, 61, 85, Simmons, Russell, 18, 322 87 Signifyin(g), 207 Rodney P, 256, 261 Signifying Monkey, 207 Rodriguez, Danny D-Boy, 80 Simi Lab, 248 Roll Deep, 257 Singleton, John, 169, 232, 235, 236, 240 RonT,75 Sister Coumbis Cissokho, 276 Rooney, Cory, 142 Sister Fa, 275 Roots, The, 198 Skinnyman, 258, 262 “Something in the Way of Things (In Town),” Slam, 5, 232, 238, 240 18 Slug, 152 Undun, 198 Slyme, Rip, 243, 248 Rosen, Eric, 94 Smiley Culture Rosenquist, James, 35 “Cockney Translation,” 256 Ross, Rick, 56, 181, 186, 190, 198 Smith, Bessie, 149 Royce, Rose, 148 Smith, Parish, see EPMD R.S.C., see Rock Steady Crew Snoop (Doggy) Dogg, 56, 58, 152, 199, 229 Rubberband Dance Group, 89 Doggystyle,56 “sHip-sHop Shape Shifting,” 89 “Who am I (What’s my Name?),” 209 Rucker,Ursula,12 Snyder, Ben, In Case you Forget,93 Rumi, 247 Solomon, Sam “Boogaloo Sam,” 24 Run-D.M.C., 1, 15, 105 So What Happens Now?,85 Reverend Run, 76 Sohn, Sonja, 239, 240 Tougher than Leather, 302 Sony Music Entertainment, 266 “Walk this Way,” 184 Soul Train, 243 Rush, 49 SPAR, 36 Russell Simmons Def Poetry Jam,90 Spinbad, 303 Ruthless Records, 1, 302, 309 Spivey, Victoria, 149 Ryuichi,¯ Sakamoto, 247 Stella, Frank, 35 RZA, The, 128, 129, 282 Step Up, 171 Stubbleﬁeld, Clyde, 229 Sade,´ 274 Style Wars, 27, 33, 169 Salt-N-Pepa, 170, 310 Sugarhill Gang “Push It,” 302, 310 Big Bank Hank, 64 Samiyam, 285 “Rapper’s Delight,” 1, 26, 64, 115, 213, 294, Samy Deluxe, 113 301

349 Index

Sugar Ray, 44 Venice,94 Sup the Chemist, 80 Video Girl, 171 Swift, Rob, 52 Virtue, Compton, 75, 77 Voltaje, Alto T.I., 186, 198 “Juventud Rebelde (Rebellious Youth),” 268 TAKI 183, 32, 34 Taskforce, 258 Wailer, Bunny, 66 T-Bone, 79 Walidah, Hanifah, 90 GospelAlphaMegaFunkyBoogieDiscoMusic,79 Straight Folks’ Guide to Gay Black Folks,92 T-Byte, 227 Warner Music Group, 266 Tee, Duggy, 273 Watts Poets, The, 12 Teebs, 285 Weird Al Yankovic, 227, 228 Teruma, Aoyama, 248 “White and Nerdy,” 227 textually signaled intertextuality, 209 West, Kanye, 75, 186, 198, 315 textually unsignaled intertextuality, 209 “Champion,” 209 Thiopet, Pape Ndiaye, 274 “Through the Wire,” 210 Thomas, Joe “Slim,” 24 White, Dondi, 37 Tommy Boy, 302 White Boyz, 170, 177 Tone-Loc, 247, 303 Whitﬁeld, Norman, 148 Too $hort, 158, 181, 186, 199 Williams, Saul, 12, 94, 232, 238, 240 Toussa, 276 “Penny for a Thought,” 239 TRACY 168, 36 Wild Style, 27, 33, 64, 169, 174, 177, 244, 294 Treacherous Three, 294 Wiley, 80, 257 “Yes We Can Can,” 59 Will Power, 90, 91 Tribe Called Quest, A, 1, 66, 280, 283, 310 Fetch Clay, Make Man,93 “Can I Kick It?” 199 Flow,93 “Footprints,” 16 Wiz Kalifa, 272 “I Left my Wallet in El Segundo,” 16 Wonder, Stevie, 72 “Push It Along,” 104 Wu-Tang Clan, The, 73, 272, 282 “Scenario,” 101 “Wu-Tang Clan Ain’t Nuttin’ ta Fuck Wit’,” Triple A, 265 128 Turtles, The, 211 X-Clan, 199 U Roy, 256 X-Executioners, 52 U-God, 71 Xuman, 275 Ultramagnetic MCs, 304 Xzibit, 217 Critical Beatdown, 302 “Symphony in X Major,” 4, 213, 217 Uncle Luke, 186 Universal (Record Label), 266 Yellow Magic Orchestra Universal Zulu Nation, 310 “Rap Phenomena,” 243 Universes Yohei,¯ Miyake, 248 Slanguage,93 You Got Ser ved, 171 Uptown Records, 141 Young Jeezy, 186, 190, 198 UTFO “My President,” 317, 321 “Roxanne, Roxanne,” 207 Zeebra, 247, 249, 250, 252 Valentin, Clyde, 91 Zorn, John, 44 Vanilla Ice, 303 Zulu Nation, 59, 61, 64, 65, 73, 203; see also Van Peebles, Mario, 169 Universal Zulu Nation