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Explanatory Notes for the Vocabulary to describe Spatial Geological Data in Europe at a 1 : 1 Million Scale - for the eContentPlus project OneGeology-Europe Updating and amending the OneGeology-Europe Scientific/Semantic Data Specification and Dictionaries (ECP-2007- GEO-317001) Objective of this document This document provides explanatory notes designed to show how the scientific vocabulary developed by OneGeology-Europe Work Package 3 will populate the data model, developed by Work Package 5. It is designed to be read by those responsible for encoding geological map data in the national geological survey partner organisations of OneGeology-Europe. The document provides guidance on the agreed vocabulary, the terms, their definitions and their relations, which must be used by all OneGeology-Europe participants. This vocabulary is the core of the OneGeology-Europe data specification. It is attached as separate Excel files. An introductory explanation of the relevant parts of the GeoSciML data model along with guidance on the usage of GeoSciML are also included to provide initial context. This version has been updated for use in the OneGeology-Europe Plus project. Authors: Asch, K., Laxton, J.L., Bavec, M., Bergman, S., Perez Cerdan, F., Declercq, P.Y., Janjou, D., Kacer, S., Klicker, M. Nironen, M., Pantaloni, M., Schubert, C. dated May 2013 Explanatory Notes for the OneGeology-Europe Vocabulary to describe Spatial Geological Data in Europe Contents A short introduction to OneGeology-Europe 4 1. Explanatory Notes and vocabulary 4 2. Introduction to the GeoSciML model and its use within 1G-E 7 2.1 MappedFeature and GeologicFeature 8 2.2 Ages and events 8 2.3 Lithology 8 2.4 Metamorphism 9 3. GeoSciML properties and how to encode them for 1G-E 9 3.1 MappedFeature Properties 9 3.1.1 Observation Method 9 3.1.2 Positional Accuracy 10 3.1.3 Shape 10 3.1.4 Sampling Frame 10 3.2 GeologicUnit properties 11 3.2.1 ID 11 3.2.2 Name 11 3.2.3 Description 12 3.2.4 GeologicUnit Type 12 3.2.5 Observation Method 12 3.2.6 Purpose 12 3.2.7 Geologic Events 13 3.2.7.1 Preferred Age 13 3.2.7.2 Geologic History 17 3.2.8 Composition Part 19 3.2.8.1 Lithology 19 3.2.8.2 Role 20 3.2.8.3 Proportion 20 3.2.9 Metamorphic Description 21 3.2.9.1 Metamorphic Facies 21 3.2.9.2 Metamorphic Grade 22 3.2.9.3 Protolith Lithology 23 3.2.10 Dykes/Dikes 23 3.3 GeologicStructure properties 23 3.3.1 ID 24 3.3.2 Name 24 3.3.3 Observation Method 24 3.3.4 Purpose 24 3.3.5 Geologic Events 24 3.3.5.1 Preferred Age 24 3.3.5.2 Event Age 25 3.3.5.3 Event Process 25 3.3.5.4 Event Environment 25 3.3.6 Fault Type 25 3.3.7 Contact Type 25 4. Complex Rock Descriptions 26 4.1 Flysch 26 4.2 Molasse 26 4.3 Olistostrome 27 4.4 Turbidite 27 Version 1.0 2 Explanatory Notes for the OneGeology-Europe Vocabulary to describe Spatial Geological Data in Europe 4.5 Ophiolitic mélange 27 4.6 Tectonic mélange 28 4.7 Ophiolite complex 28 5. Acknowledgements 29 6. Bibliography 29 *Note that the vocabulary has been produced and supplied as separate Excel files. Version 1.0 3 Explanatory Notes for the OneGeology-Europe Vocabulary to describe Spatial Geological Data in Europe A short introduction to OneGeology-Europe One of the major deliverables of the OneGeology-Europe (1G-E) project is the creation of a web accessible, semantically and technically interoperable geological dataset, for Europe at a 1 : 1 million scale (1:1 M). This is based on the geological data held by each geological survey. However, the survey datasets differ considerably with respect to their contents, description and geometry. To make these data interoperable is a considerable challenge and it is the task of 1G-E Work Package 3 (WP3) to deliver the essential basis for the interoperable dataset. The 1G-E Geology vocabulary describes the lithology, age and genesis of the rocks and the tectonic structures. The vocabulary provides both the definition of terms and the relationship between terms. The 1G-E project is using a distributed digital model that leaves the data with the responsible geological survey organisation. Each survey provides access to its data via the internet and the 1G-E portal will harvest that data. Thus, each geological survey implements and hosts an interoperable web service, delivering their national geological data in a semantically harmonized form. This vocabulary is the way geological surveys participating in 1G-E will describe the geology of their country within the project and how they deliver that data in accordance with the agreed 1G-E data model and overarching data specification. It is important to note that the original national databases, internal classifications and the vocabulary will remain unchanged. Once the national datasets have been provided to the project in accordance with this vocabulary, the WP3 team and surveys will then review these datasets, note issues and “re- work” them with partners to make progress towards a geometric harmonisation – a further crucial step towards INSPIRE goals. The vocabulary and framework developed here is intended to be subsequently “up-scaled” to more detailed levels and progressively deployed for higher resolution geological data. (However, this is not part of the 1G-E project) 1. Explanatory Notes and vocabulary Geology does not recognise political boundaries, however, from one country to another the properties of the same rock formations will, with a high probability, be described differently; whether this be their lithology (i.e. the rock material), the age, or the genesis. Furthermore, the rock formations will be portrayed with different colours and symbols. The European Commission and many other users require consistent data about the geology of each country; data which does not change its attributes or portrayal as it crosses political boundaries. The EC INSPIRE Directive (2007) is addressing these issues, along with the EC Water and Soil Directives. An internationally agreed generic definition and description of the data both technically and geoscientifically - a data specification - is thus essential. This document provides an explanation and background to the Europe-wide data specification and in particular, the vocabulary, for the 1G-E project. Applying this vocabulary across Europe will allow the national geological units to be described in a semantically harmonised way. The vocabulary encompasses terms, definitions, a hierarchical order, a reference and a Uniform Resource name (URN). The topics included in this vocabulary are: 1. lithology, 2. age (geochronology), 3. genesis, 4. structures and faults Version 1.0 4 Explanatory Notes for the OneGeology-Europe Vocabulary to describe Spatial Geological Data in Europe These themes are described in the tables (Excel spread sheets), an overview of which is provided in Table 1. “Genesis” was included during the course of the work although it is not listed in the project’s original work description. WP3 decided to include a vocabulary for “Genesis”, because describing the genesis of the rock units is deemed essential to describing the Quaternary, which covers large areas of Europe , it is also important for other rock units. Table 1: Files specifying the 1G-E vocabulary Excel spread sheet describing the File showing the concept hierarchy Property the Description of concepts and terms concepts describe the property mandatory / optional** 1GE_Lithology.xls 1GE_Lithology_entire_A1.pdf*, lithology mandatory 1GE_Lithology_sedimentary_material.pdf*, 1GE_Lithology_igneous_material.pdf*, 1GE_Lithology_composite_genesis_mater ial.pdf 1GE_Ages.xls 1GE_Ages.pdf eventAge (for mandatory preferredAge) 1GE_Orogenic_Events.xls 1GE_Orogenic_Events.pdf name (of optional GeologicEvent) 1GE_EventEnvironment.xls 1GE_EventEnvironment.pdf eventEnvironment optional 1GE_EventProcess.xls 1GE_EventProcess.pdf eventProcess mandatory 1GE_MetamorphicGrade.xls 1GE_MetamorphicGrade.pdf metamorphicGrade optional 1GE_MetamorphicFacies.xls 1GE_MetamorphicFacies.pdf metamorphicFacies optional 1GE_GeologicUnitMorphology.xls Not necessary bodyMorphology optional (mandatory for dykes) 1GE_FaultType.xls 1GE_FaultType.pdf faultType mandatory (for faults) 1GE_ContactType.xls 1GE_ContactType.pdf contactType mandatory (for contacts) 1GE_ProportionTerm.xls 1GE_ProportionTerm.pdf proportion mandatory 1GE_GeologicUnitPartRole.xls 1GE_GeologicUnitPartRole.pdf role mandatory 1GE_GeologicUnitType.xls No concept hierarchy file necessary geologicUnitType mandatory 1GE_MappedFeatureObservationMet No concept hierarchy file necessary observationMethod mandatory hod.xls (for MappedFeature) 1GE_FeatureObservationMethod.xls No concept hierarchy file necessary observationMethod mandatory (for GeologicFeature) * Note: These files explain the hierarchies; please either view and zoom into them on screen or print them out in A1 (as the file name indicates) or A3 ** Certain properties are mandatory and some are optional, however, if an optional property is populated then the terms within the 1G-E Vocabulary must be used to describe it. In producing the vocabulary element of the data specification WP3 has worked in close collaboration with WP5 and WP6. These notes are designed to explain how the scientific vocabulary developed by WP3 will populate the 1G-E data model developed by WP5. The basis for the 1G-E vocabulary (and data specification) is the GeoSciML data model and the CGI/GeoSciML vocabulary, both developed by the IUGS Commission for the Management and Application of Geoscience Information (CGI) Interoperability Working Group (IWG) and Concept Definitions Task Group (CDTG). Version 1.0 5 Explanatory Notes for the OneGeology-Europe Vocabulary to describe Spatial Geological Data in Europe The CGI Simple Lithology vocabulary uses multiple, overlapping hierarchies and offers numerous detailed ways how to classify and identify a rock unit. For 1G-E, which addresses spatial data at a target scale of 1 : 1 Million this proved to be too complex and would make harmonisation significantly more difficult. WP3 selected an adequate subset of the CGI vocabulary, and submitted more than120 new terms and concepts and several definitions to the CGI vocabulary in order to meet European requirements.
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