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Please note The following information is still under review and a revised, final document will be published when it arrives. FULL REPORT Feasibility Study For a Combined School District Submitted to the Board of Directors of Antietam School District And Exeter Township School District Prepared by The Civic Research Alliance The Pennsylvania Economy League Central Office Hayes Large Architects April 2013 Study Principals The Civic Research Alliance, LLC Address: Team: The Civic Research Alliance, LLC Kerry L. Moyer, Ph.D., Project Director 1708 Fairmont Drive Director of Research and President Mechanicsburg, PA 17055 Teran Moyer, Research Associate 717-802-0955 The Civic Research Alliance, LLC addresses a crucial niche in Pennsylvania: Providing independent, objective and nonpartisan research/strategic services to nonprofit, private, and public policy entities seeking to better serve their communities, schools, regions and the Commonwealth. Emphasis is placed upon independent research and strategic planning services that support decision making for those contemplating change. Such changes may include public policy considerations, resource sharing, streamlining operations, or thinking through alternatives to traditional ways of doing business in Pennsylvania. www.civicresearchalliance.com Hayes Large Architects, LLP Address: Team: Hayes Large Architects, LLP Bradford J. Furey, Director, 75 South Houcks Road, Suite 300 Educational Facility Planning Harrisburg, PA 17109 Matthew R. Luttrell, AIA, LEED, Project Manager 717-238-4795 Hayes Large Architects has long been known as the “Educators’ Architect.” The firm is one of the leading educational facility planning and design firms in the nation. In its 83-year history, Hayes Large has completed more than 3,500 projects for diverse school district clients throughout the region. In the last three years alone, the total construction value of the firm’s work approaches $1 billion. In the last ten years alone Hayes Large has completed 32 elementary schools (24 new buildings), 41 middle schools projects, 60 new and renovated high schools, and 70 facility master plans. Pennsylvania Economy League, Central Division Address: Team: Pennsylvania Economy League, Central Division Gerald E. Cross, Executive Director 88 North Franklin Street, Suite 200 Susan M. Baker, Research Associate Wilkes-Barre, PA 18701 David W. Davare, Ph.D., Research Associate 570-824-3559 The Pennsylvania Economy League, Inc. (PEL) has been conducting objective, nonpartisan research for 75 years, serving school districts, municipalities, and state government. Working closely with school districts constitutes about 35 percent of all work performed by PEL’s Central Division. PEL has engaged research methodology for this project that is scientifically appropriate and independent of any specific point of view or recommendation regarding combined school districts. Antietam School District School Board David B. Stauffer, Board President Walter R. Saylor, Vice President Treasurer, Judith Swartz Beth A. Calabria Christopher D. Faro John A. Fielding, III Kristin Kerchner Larry O'Boyle Ann Sellers Dr. Larry Mayes, Superintendent Tracy Detwiler, Business Manager Exeter Township School District School Board Robert H. Quinter, Board President Dr. David S. Bender, Vice President Russell J. Diesinger Carole A. Kutscher Kathleen A. Muzevich Patricia O’Brien-Pieja Joseph R. Staub Andrew W. Yawger Dr. Beverly A. Martin, Superintendent Anne C. Guydish, Secretary and District Business Manager Kathleen M. Tschudy, Treasurer and District Assistant Business Manager Acknowledgments The Civic Research Alliance, the Pennsylvania Economy League (Central Division), and Hayes Large Architects wish to thank the Boards of Antietam School District and Exeter Township School District for their support and advice during this study. Special thanks are extended to Dr. Larry W. Mayes and Dr. Beverly A. Martin, the respective superintendents. Key to data collection and review of several sections of this study were Michele Zimmerman, former Business Manager for Antietam School District, and Anne Guydish, Business Managers for Exeter Township School District. Their assistance was invaluable. Kyle Schaeffer and Eric Orsag, Buildings and Grounds Supervisors, were instrumental in calculating the Facilities Condition Index for each building. Michele Bleacher and Barry N. Webb, Supervisors of Special Education, provided needed information and review for the special education portion of this study. Appreciation is extended to the many others who provided information, advice, and suggestions. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction ………………………………………………………………..…… 1 Part 1: Analysis of School District Demographics................................................. 2 School District Demographics……………………………………………. 2 Regional Demographics 4 Business and Economic Demographics……………………………… 5 Housing Demographics………………………………………..………. 7 Economic Demographics………………………………………….…… 7 Enrollment Patterns and Projected Enrollments………………………….. 10 Historic Enrollment Trends……………………………………………. 11 Projected Enrollments…………………………………..……………… 12 Comparisons of Pennsylvania Department of Education and Pennsylvania Economy League Projections……………………………………………... 14 Part 2: Review of Academic Course Offerings for Antietam and Exeter Township School Districts……………………………………………………… 17 Inventory of All Course Offerings for Both Districts……………..…..….. 17 Elementary Level ………………………………………………..……… 17 Middle Grades Level …………………………………………………… 32 High School Level ……………………………………………………… 35 Duplication of Course Work at the High School Level……….……. 45 Unique Contribution by Both School Districts …….…………………… 48 Technology Integration…………………………………………………… 51 Advanced Placement Offerings…………………………………………… 51 Flexible Scheduling……………………………………………………….. 54 Block Scheduling…………………………………………………………. 56 Academic Rigor…………………………………………………………… 59 Potential for Expanded Student Opportunities ………………………….. 62 Part 3: Potential Significant Events or Changes for the Existing School Districts 67 Retirements and Retirement Costs……………………………………….. 67 Collective Bargaining Agreements……………..………………………… 67 Competition for Students………………………………………………… 68 Introduction of School District Charter Schools……………………. 68 State and Federal Mandates………………………………………………. 69 Unemployment Insurance………………………………………………. 69 Financial Challenges…………………………………………………… 69 Block Grants……………………………………………………………… 69 The Changing Student and Environmental Demands upon School Districts 69 Potential Election of School Directors in a Combined District………….. 73 Part 4: Review of Special Needs Students………………………………………… 77 Percent of Students with Special Needs…………………………...……….. 77 Number of Students Requiring Special School Attendance for Physical Challenges………………………………………………………………….. 85 Number of Students Requiring Special School Attendance for Disciplinary Issues…………………………………………………………………….…. 86 Analysis of Special Education Programs by Existing District……..………. 86 Equipment and Facility Needs (by Building) ……………………………… 87 Students Served by Outside Agencies……………………………..……….. 88 Specific Needs that Should be Maintained or Expanded………….……….. 88 Ideas for Sharing Services Among the Existing School Districts………….. 88 Part 5: Existing School District Facilities and Grade Configurations……….…….. 90 Inventory of Buildings ……………………………………………...……… 90 Specific Conditions According to the Facilities Condition Index………..… 92 Projected Cumulative Facility Costs by Building………………………….. 94 Cumulative Costs for a Combined District………………………....………. 101 Part 6: Financial Condition of the Existing School Districts…………….…..…….. 102 Federal, State, and Local Revenues ………………………………………… 102 Specific Revenue Considerations…………………………………………… 110 Market Value/Personal Income Aid Ratio…………..………………….. 110 Expected Changes in the Aid Ratio…………………….………………… 111 Local Tax Collection……………………………………..………………… 111 Existing School District Expenditures……………………………...………. 111 Existing Debt Levels and Time Frames to Retire Debt……………..……… 117 Exeter Township School District…………………………….…………… 118 Antietam School District…………………………………………………... 119 Comments Regarding the Debt Analysis…………………………………… 120 Local Tax Base Impacts for a Combined District…………….……………. 121 Taxes on Real Estate………………………………………………...…….. 131 Local Services Tax………………………………….……………………… 123 Gross Receipts Taxes……………………………………………………… 124 Earned Income Tax………………………………………………………… 126 Real Estate Transfer Tax………………….………………………………. 126 Per Capita Tax………………………………………………………. 126 Collective Bargaining Agreements for a Combined District (Salaries)….…. 126 Review of Non-Salary Components of Existing Collective Bargaining Agreements…………………………………………………………………. 140 Part 7: Review of General Operations and Staffing………………………………… 141 Review of Staff Levels, Current School Year (2012-2013) 141 Professional Staffing Benchmarks/Peer School Districts in Pennsylvania….. 147 Teacher Complement for a Combined School District………………… 149 Total Complement for a Combined School District……………………. 155 Post Action Staff Levels at the Combined School District…………….. 155 Part 8: Opportunities and Advantages for Shared Resources………………………. 158 The Advantages of Sharing Resources……………………………………… 158 Potential Shared Services……………………………………………………. 159 Food Service………………………………………………………………… 161 Professional Development…………………………………………………. 162 Media and Library Services……………………………………………….. 162 Textbooks…………………………………………………………………….. 162 Custodial and Maintenance……………………………………………….. 163 Student Transportation……………………………………………………….