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East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy Proposes to Plan up to the Year 2025 in Order to Accord with Government Guidance in PPS3

EAST DISTRICT COUNCIL Local Development Framework Core Strategy Development Plan Document

Adopted October 2009

EAST CAMBRIDGESHIRE DISTRICT COUNCIL Local Development Framework Annual Monitoring Report 2007/08

December 2008 DISTRICT COUNCIL Local Development Framework Proposals Map Development Plan Document

Adopted October 2009 Foreword ategy East Cambridgeshire is an attractive place, offering a good quality of life for local people, a range of employment opportunities, and good services and facilities.The district has experienced rapid growth in recent years, with more people coming to live and work here. The key challenge for the District Council is to manage this growth in the best possible way in the future, making sure that new development is properly planned for and is supported by appropriate services and infrastructure. We idgeshire Core Str also need to ensure that the unique character and environment of East Cambridgeshire is protected, and that we respond to challenges such as the need for affordable housing, providing a better range of employment opportunities, regenerating our town centres, tackling high levels of out-commuting, and addressing threats from flood risk and climate change. East Cambr

The District Council is in the process of preparing a new Plan for the district, known as the ‘Local Development Framework’ (or LDF). The LDF will help the District Council to meet these challenges, and provide a framework to guide the growth of the district up to the year 2025. The process of preparing this statutory plan is a long one, and we have spent time over the last few years consulting the public and local organisations on the important issues which need to be addressed, commissioning expert studies, and considering existing evidence.

The Core Strategy will be one of the key documents in the LDF, and has been formally approved by Government.The Core Strategy sets out a clear vision for the future of the district, and identifies how, where and when new development will take place in East Cambridgeshire up to the year 2025. It also includes a range of ‘development control’ policies which will be used for assessing planning applications.This vision and strategy will inform the selection of specific sites for development, which will be identified in other LDF documents which are due to be produced in 2009/10.

I would like to thank everyone who contributed to the development of the Core Strategy. The District Council is committed to making East Cambridgeshire a better place to live and work, and this Plan should help to ensure that growth in the district is managed in a sustainable way.

Councillor Peter Moakes Chair of Strategic Development Committee East Cambridgeshire District Council East Cambr Core Strategy Development Plan Document idgeshire Core Str 1 Introduction 5 1.1 The Local Development Framework 5 1.2 The purpose of this document 5

ategy 1.3 Preparation of the Core Strategy 6 1.4 Key issues and influences 8 2 Core Strategy 11 2.1 Overview 11 2.2 Spatial portrait 11 2.3 Spatial vision and objectives 15 2.4 Core policies 18 2.4.1 CS1 - Spatial strategy 18 2.4.2 CS2 - Housing 21 2.4.3 CS3 - Gypsy and traveller sites and sites for travelling showpeople 28 2.4.4 CS4 - Employment 31 2.4.5 CS5 - Retail and town centre uses 37 2.4.6 CS6 - Environment 40 2.4.7 CS7 - Infrastructure 42 2.4.8 CS8 - Access 44 2.4.9 Key diagram 46 2.5 Town strategies 47 2.5.1 CS9 - Ely 47 2.5.2 CS10 - 50 2.5.3 CS11 - 52 3 Development Control Policies 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Housing 56 3.2.1 H1 - Housing mix and type 56 3.2.2 H2 - Density 57 3.2.3 H3 - Affordable housing 58 3.2.4 H4 - Affordable housing exceptions 61 ategy 3.2.5 H5 - Dwellings for rural workers 62 3.2.6 H6 - Residential care homes 64 3.2.7 H7 - Mobile home and residential caravan parks 65

3.2.8 H8 - Alterations or replacement of dwellings in the countryside 66 idgeshire Core Str 3.3 Employment 67 3.3.1 EC1 - Retention of employment sites 67 East Cambr 3.3.2 EC2 - Extensions to existing businesses in the countryside 68 3.3.3 EC3 - Non-residential re-use or replacement of buildings in the countryside 68 3.3.4 EC4 - Residential re-use of buildings in the countryside 70 3.3.5 EC5 - Farm diversification 70 3.3.6 EC6 - New employment buildings on the edge of settlements 72 3.3.7 EC7 - Horse racing 72 3.3.8 EC8 - Tourist facilities and visitor attractions 73 3.3.9 EC9 - Tourist accommodation 74 3.3.10 EC10 - Holiday and seasonal occupancy conditions 76 3.4 Services and infrastructure 78 3.4.1 S1 - Location of retail and town centre uses 78 3.4.2 S2 - Retail uses in town centres 80 3.4.3 S3 - Retaining community facilities and open space 81 3.4.4 S4 - Developer contributions 82 3.4.5 S5 - Telecommunications 84 3.4.6 S6 - Transport impact 85 3.4.7 S7 - Parking provision 86 3.5 Environment 88 3.5.1 EN1 - Landscape and settlement character 88 3.5.2 EN2 - Design 89 3.5.3 EN3 - Sustainable construction and energy efficiency 93 3.5.4 EN4 - 93 3.5.5 EN5 - Historic conservation 95 3.5.6 EN6 - Biodiversity and geology 98 East Cambr 3.5.7 EN7 - Flood risk 101 3.5.8 EN8 - Pollution 104

idgeshire Core Str 3.5.9 EN9 - Green Belt 107 4 Infrastructure, implementation and monitoring 109 4.1 Introduction 109 4.2 Infrastructure requirements and constraints 109 ategy 4.3 Implementation 116 4.4 Monitoring 124

Appendices

1 Schedule of Local Plan policies to be replaced 138 2 Housing supply and trajectory 155 a) Sources of housing supply 155 b) Housing trajectory 158 c) Housing source data 161 d) Previously developed land trajectory 179 3 Parking standards 182 4 Glossary 187 5 Natural and cultural sites 196 1 Introduction ategy 1.1 The Local Development Framework

1.1.1 East Cambridgeshire District Council is preparing a new ‘Local Development Framework’ to guide the growth of the district to 2025. The Local Development Framework (LDF) will consist of a series of policy documents which will eventually replace the East Cambridgeshire idgeshire Core Str District Local Plan (adopted in 2000). The Council is required by Government to produce a new LDF – as established in the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004.

1.1.2 This document concerns the strategy at the heart of the new plan - the ‘Core Strategy’. The East Cambr Core Strategy is one of the key documents which will form part of the new LDF. The Core Strategy will set out the Council’s spatial vision for the future, and a series of policies to deliver that vision and guide new development. Once adopted, the Core Strategy will replace a number of the saved policies in the District Local Plan – details of which policies will be replaced is set out in Appendix 1.

1.1.3 The documents that will comprise the East Cambridgeshire LDF are listed below (according to the Council's Local Development Scheme 2008). In addition to the Core Strategy, there will be 2 LDF documents which will allocate specific sites for new development. All of the LDF documents will need to be in conformity with the Core Strategy. Further details of the LDF documents and the timetable for their preparation are set out in the Council’s Local Development Scheme (see the Council’s website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk). It should be noted that the Local Development Scheme may be updated periodically, with the agreement of the Government Office, in order to provide accurate information on LDF production.

Core Strategy Development Plan Document (including Development Control policies) Site Allocations Development Plan Document (allocating specific sites for development) Gypsy and Traveller Sites Development Plan Document (allocating specific sites for development) Proposals Map (showing the areas where the policies and allocations will apply) A series of Supplementary Planning Documents (supplementing and supporting the policies and allocations in the main LDF documents)

1.2 The purpose of this document

1.2.1 This Core Strategy has been prepared following earlier consultation with the public and key stakeholders on the key issues the Plan should address, and different policy choices. Details of the preparation process are set out in section 1.4 below.

1.2.2 The Core Strategy document sets out the spatial vision for the district up to the year 2025, and the spatial objectives and strategic policies to deliver that vision. The document also includes a set of Development Control Policies which will be used in assessing planning applications. 5

1.2.3 A Proposals Map has also been published alongside the Core Strategy (see separate document). The Proposals Map shows the areas where policies will apply. East Cambr 1.2.4 A number of supporting documents have also been prepared to support the Core Strategy, as listed below. These documents are available on the Council’s website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk, or can be obtained by phoning the Council’s Forward Planning team on 01353 665555. idgeshire Core Str

Sustainability Appraisal report – providing information on the economic, environmental and social impact of the policy approaches. Statement of Consultation – setting out how community and stakeholders were involved in the production of the Core Strategy, and how views have been taken into account. ategy 1.2.5 The district contains a number of European Nature Conservation Sites (Special Areas of Conservation, Special Protection Areas and RAMSAR sites), and the Council is therefore required under EU legislation to separately assess the potential effects of the Core Strategy on these sites. However, the initial view of Natural , following the submission of a screening report on preferred options, was that a full Appropriate Assessment of the Core Strategy Submission Draft was not required. The Screening Report can be viewed on the Council's website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk

1.3 Preparation of the Core Strategy

1.3.1 The Core Strategy has been prepared in accordance with a series of statutory stages set by Government. These key stages are listed in the diagram below, along with details of the timetable. The preparation process has involved a mix of informal and formal consultation exercises with the public and other key stakeholders. Further details of consultation undertaken is set out in the Council's Statement of Consultation which accompanies this document. It can be seen from the diagram that additional consultation was carried out in 2007 on an 'amendment' to the Core Strategy. This was in response to new Government advice on the level of spatial detail which should be included in a Core Strategy - requiring that we include further details on the broad distribution of growth and broad areas for development around settlements.The Council needed to consult with stakeholders on these additional issues, and it was therefore necessary to produce an 'Amendment' focusing on these new spatial matters.

6 Key stages in Core Strategy preparation ategy idgeshire Core Str East Cambr

1.3.2 As part of the preparation process, the Council was also required to undertake a 'Sustainability Appraisal' of the different policy options at each key stage.The Sustainability Appraisal process involves assessing the economic, social and environmental implications of policy options - against a series of 'sustainability objectives' identified in the Council's Sustainability Appraisal Scoping Report (published in 2005 and updated on an annual basis). Therefore, each of the Issues Papers have been accompanied by an 'Initial Sustainability Appraisal' - and the Preferred Options Papers by a 'draft Final Sustainability Appraisal.' The Core Strategy Submission Document was also accompanied by a Sustainability Appraisal report. Each of these Sustainability Appraisal documents can be viewed on the Council's 7 website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk. The results of the sustainability appraisal process are intended to inform policy selection and highlight areas where policies need to be adjusted to ensure economic/social/environmental implications are reduced. East Cambr 1.4 Key issues and influences

1.4.1 A wide range of information and guidance sources have been taken into account in the preparation of the Core Strategy.These sources are summarised below - and further details idgeshire Core Str are set out in each chapter on how the key influences relate to specific policy areas.

National and regional/county planning guidance

1.4.2 The Government produces Planning Policy Statements (PPSs) which are replacing the old

ategy system of Planning Policy Guidance notes (PPGs), and Planning Circulars. These set out Government policy on a variety of topics, and the Core Strategy needs to be consistent with what they say. The Core Strategy has also been prepared in the context of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 and associated Regulations. The full text of the Government documents can be viewed on the Department of Communities and Local Government website at www.communities.gov.uk

1.4.3 The Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS) for the was published in 2008 and sets out the spatial strategy for the region (see the Assembly's website at www.eera.gov.uk). The Core Strategy needs to support and be 'in general conformity' with RSS. The RSS sets a context for the scale and location of housing and employment development and for the distribution of development between settlements, and gives a further lead on priorities, for example, on economic investment, and on other matters such as targets for the re-use of brownfield land. RSS has replaced most of the policies in the Cambridgeshire and Structure Plan, adopted in 2003, but some of the policies have been saved. The full text of the Structure Plan and details of the 'saved' policies can be viewed on the County Council website at www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk

Other plans and strategies

1.4.4 The 'East Cambridgeshire Sustainable Community Strategy' is a key local strategy document. It seeks to co-ordinate the strategies and objectives of voluntary, community and public sector organisations in the district. It was produced and adopted by the East Cambridgeshire Local Strategic Partnership in April 2008, and replaces the 2004 Community Strategy. The key aims of the Strategy are set out below. These aims have been incorporated into the Core Strategy aims and policies, and the LDF has an important role as a delivery mechanism for land use/development elements of the strategy. Links to specific policy areas are set out within the Core Strategy - whilst the full text of the Sustainable Community Strategy can be viewed on the Council's website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk

Sustainable Community Strategy - key aims

To create safer and cleaner communities To promote health and wellbeing To encourage sustainable growth 8 To achieve better outcomes for children and young people To support business, skills and enterprise To promote involved local communities 1.4.5 Alongside these core aims, the Sustainable Community Strategy also aims to consider the ategy following cross-cutting themes in all its projects:

Accessibility Environment Equality and diversity idgeshire Core Str

1.4.6 Other District Council strategies have also informed the Core Strategy. The full list of documents is listed in the Council's Local Development Scheme, and includes the Council's Corporate Plan, Housing Strategy, Economic Development Strategy and Community Safety East Cambr Strategy. Full versions of the documents can be viewed on the Council's website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk

1.4.7 The Core Strategy has also been prepared taking into account the plans and strategies of other organisations in the district. This has included infrastructure and service providers such as the Police, Health Authority, and the Highways Authority, where these have spatial implications. This can help to ensure that local priorities and strategies are reflected in the Council's Core Strategy document, and that infrastructure is provided in a co-ordinated way with growth. Details of infrastructure requirements and constraints are set out in Chapter 4 of this document. Plans, prepared by Parish Councils and local communities, have also informed the Core Strategy.

1.4.8 The Core Strategy has also been prepared having regard to neighbouring authorities. East Cambridgeshire is bounded by Forest Heath, St. Edmundsbury, , , Fenland, and Kings Lynn and West local authority areas. South Cambridgeshire already has an adopted Core Strategy, whilst the other districts are in the process of preparing these documents. The Council works closely with these authorities, and regular meetings ensure close co-operation on cross-boundary issues. This has been particularly important in the case of Forest Heath, as East Cambridgeshire contains some of the suburbs of Newmarket and the surrounding villages - whilst the bulk of the town lies within Forest Heath local authority area.

Background studies

1.4.9 In preparing the LDF a range of 'evidence gathering' has been undertaken to ensure the documents have a robust basis.The key research studies which have informed policy areas in the Core Strategy are listed below. These studies have been commissioned/produced by the District Council unless otherwise indicated. The full text of these documents can be viewed on the Council's website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk (or the Cambs Horizons/County Council websites where relevant).

9 East Cambr Strategic

Settlement Hierarchy Paper (2006 + update in 2007) Ely New Estates Survey (2002 and 2007) idgeshire Core Str Broad Areas of Search for New development (May 2008)

Economic

Employment Land & Labour Market (2005 + update March 2008)

ategy Employment Sites Study (2007) Retail Study (2005 + updates in March 2008 and April 2009) Tourist Accommodation Assessment (2005)

Environment and services

Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (2005) Ely Environmental Capacity Study (2001) County Wildlife Sites Assessment (2005) Green Belt Assessment (2005) Informal Open Spaces Assessment (2005) Sports Facilities and Play Areas Assessment (2005) Cambs Rights of Way Improvement Plan (2006) - produced by the County Council Cambs Green Infrastructure Strategy (2006) - commissioned by Cambs Horizons Sub-Region Arts and Culture Strategy (2006) - commissioned by Cambs Horizons Cambridge Sub-Region Major Sports Strategy (2006) - commissioned by Cambs Horizons Sustainable Construction in Cambridgeshire (2006) - commissioned by Cambs Horizons Cambs Biodiversity Action Plan (2002) - produced by the Cambs Biodiversity Partnership

Housing

Housing Land Availability Assessment (March 2008) Housing Needs Assessment (2003) Cambridge Sub-Region Strategic Housing Market Assessment (March 2008) - sub-regional study commissioned by Cambs Horizons/County Council Sub-District Gypsy and Traveller Needs Assessment (April 2007) Mobile Homes Study (2003) Cambs Gypsy and Traveller Assessment (2007) - commissioned by Cambs County Council

Public and stakeholder consultation 10 1.4.10 The views of local people and key organisations (or 'stakeholders') have helped to inform the development of the Core Strategy Submission document. As reported above, consultation was carried out over several years on potential policy options. The accompanying Consultation Statement explains how this process has been undertaken and how comments have influenced the content of the Core Strategy. Full details of comments made during consultation phases are set out in various 'Summary of Responses' documents which can be viewed on the Council's website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk. 2 Core Strategy ategy 2.1 Overview

2.1.1 This section provides an overview of the proposed LDF strategy. It includes:

A brief summary of the characteristics of East Cambridgeshire and the issues which need to be addressed (the ‘spatial portrait’) idgeshire Core Str A vision of how the district should be in the year 2025 (the ‘spatial vision’) A set of strategic objectives which should help to deliver the vision, and provide more

specific direction to the spatial policies proposed in sections 2.4 and 2.5 East Cambr A series of ‘core policies’ which translate the vision and objectives of the strategy into courses of action, and define when, where and how much development will take place in East Cambridgeshire up to the year 2025. These policies form the basis for more detailed development control policies in chapter 3, and the allocation of sites which will be proposed in separate LDF documents Strategic policies for the main settlements in East Cambridgeshire, which reflect the content of the Core Policies, and identify the key developments required to deliver the vision for each settlement. These, along with the Core Policies and vision, will provide the framework for the preparation of future site specific Development Plan Documents.

2.2 Spatial portrait

2.2.1 East Cambridgeshire is a predominantly rural district located to the north-east of Cambridge. The District covers an area of 655 km2, and has a population of 77,900 (Cambridgeshire County Council mid-year population estimate 2007). The district contains 3 market towns, and 50 other villages and hamlets varying in size, including the fringe areas of Newmarket. The largest settlement is the cathedral city of Ely with a population of 17,960, whilst the other market towns of Soham and Littleport have populations of 9,440 and 7,940 respectively. Together the three Market Towns comprise about 45% of the total District population estimated for 2007.

2.2.2 The nearby city of Cambridge (population 115,200), as a major economic, social and cultural centre, exerts a significant influence over the whole district. The town of Peterborough (population 163,300) is the other nearest principal settlement, but its impact on the district is more limited. East Cambridgeshire has one of the highest levels of out-commuting in the Eastern region (49% of the working population, which was 4th highest in the 2001 Census), with the highest proportion of people commuting to jobs in the Cambridge area. Reflecting these connections, the Regional Spatial Strategy identifies the vast majority of the district as being within the ‘Cambridge Sub-Region’ part of the Eastern region. The district also lies in the designated -Cambridge-Stansted-Peterborough Growth Area.

2.2.3 The success of the Cambridge economy has meant the district has experienced considerable recent pressure for housing growth. Lower house prices in East Cambridgeshire and a lack 11 of housing stock in the Cambridge area has encouraged people to look further afield for accommodation. In recent years East Cambridgeshire has been one of the fastest growing districts in England, in terms of proportional population growth (with an increase of nearly 20% between 1991 and 2006). However, whilst the economy in East Cambridgeshire is strong, the pace of economic growth has not matched that of housing growth. This has meant a significant recent increase in the level of out-commuting, and the associated problems of congestion and pollution. These patterns are particularly unsustainable, as the East Cambr district is rural in nature with generally poor public transport services, and has one of the highest level of commuting by car of all local authorities in the Eastern region (source: 2001 Census). Rapid population growth has also placed pressure on local infrastructure and service provision – for example, education, transport, health services, recreation and utility idgeshire Core Str services. A key challenge will be to ensure that future growth is supported by timely and appropriate infrastructure, as this is essential to the creation of sustainable communities and will help new development to be successfully integrated into existing communities.

2.2.4 As referred to above, the economy of East Cambridgeshire is relatively healthy.

ategy Unemployment in the district is low (about 1%), and there are positive business formation rates (net increase of 1% in the number of companies in 2006/7: source, Nomis 2007). The district is fortunate that it is not overly reliant on a few large employers – approximately 90% of all companies are small, employing less than 10 people. Important sectors include business services, manufacturing, wholesale and haulage. Agriculture is still significant relative to the national average, and stud farming is a key industry in the south of the district around Newmarket. Most of the main settlements in East Cambridgeshire have industrial estates, although the largest concentrations of industrial and commercial operations are in Ely, Littleport, Sutton and close to the A14 at .

2.2.5 However, the local economy does have its weaknesses. A large number of jobs are characterised by lower skills and wages, and the agricultural and food sectors are subject to structural change and decline. Business formation rates are also lower than the regional average. In addition, the recent level of economic growth in the district has been less than anticipated, given the district’s location close to the buoyant Cambridge area. Indeed there are a significant number of employment sites allocated in the current Local Plan or granted planning permission which have not yet been developed (a total of about 61 hectares at April 2008), and there is some pressure from developers to convert these and other employment sites to housing.The affordability of houses is also a problem, from an economic and social perspective. Housing prices are relatively high, with the average house costing £203,565, compared to a national average of £187,193 (source: Land Registry, January to March 2009). This is a particular issue given the low average wages in the district, and has created acute housing shortage for many local people, who are not able to access the private market housing, and require subsidised affordable housing. Finally, whilst the district overall appears affluent, there are pockets of deprivation – particularly in the north and more remote rural parts of the district.

2.2.6 Over the last 20 years the role of East Cambridgeshire’s three market towns as local service, employment and commercial centres has been increasingly subject to competition from Cambridge and other nearby larger towns. The Council has recognised that additional measures are needed to sustain the vitality and secure the revitalisation of the district towns, thereby forming the basis for a more sustainable area-wide community.Therefore a number of regeneration initiatives have been implemented, including town centre environmental enhancement schemes in Ely, Soham and Littleport, and a series of other projects through the Government’s Market Town Initiative. The Littleport area was previously part of the 12 European Objective 2 Transitional Area, and benefited from Objective 2b funding. These monies helped to attract a range of new employers to the town and funded an incubation centre for start-up businesses.

2.2.7 The district can be broadly divided into two sub-areas. The northern part of the district is characterised by low-lying intensively farmed fenland – with many of the settlements located on higher ground on the old ‘islands’ in the . Flood risk in the area is a key issue, as much of the land lies at or below sea-level. The area contains the three market towns of Ely, Soham and Littleport, and a range of scattered villages and hamlets. Compared to the

south of the district, incomes are lower, deprivation is more marked, and although it is ategy pre-dominantly an area of fertile agricultural land, it contains the majority of the industry and manufacturing in the district.The area has also been a focus for most of the housing growth in the district over the last 20 years, with large new estates having been built in each of the market towns. The main service and commercial centre is Ely (population 17,960), whilst Soham (population 9,440) and Littleport (population 7,940) both serve more local catchments and have lower scales of commercial and retail provision. idgeshire Core Str

2.2.8 Ely is a thriving historic market town, with a cathedral, attractive riverside, and several weekly markets. The town has strong connections to Oliver Cromwell, containing one of East Cambr only two of his surviving residences. Ely is the district’s main shopping, employment and commercial centre, and is also an important tourist destination, particularly for day trips from Cambridge. The town has experienced rapid growth in recent years, with the development of new housing estates on the north/north-west edge, and new business parks near the station and at Lancaster Way. Ely has good rail connections to London, the north and the rest of , and is connected to Cambridge via the A10.

2.2.9 Soham is a fenland town with an attractive historic core, and is bounded to the east and west by large tracts of open common land. There has been some recent housing growth on new estates on the north-west edge. However, the level of employment and retail provision in the town remains limited. There has been little recent growth in the industrial and manufacturing base of the town, and the sites allocated for employment in the current Local Plan are still vacant. The elongated town centre has suffered decline in recent years, and has high vacancy rates – thereby raising concerns about its long-term vitality.The challenge will be to stem the decline of the centre, and promote future commercial and employment growth in the town. Soham is easily accessed from the A14 via the A142, and the Council and the local community have aspirations for a railway station to be provided on the railway line which adjoins the town and runs between Peterborough and /Harwich. Soham is located halfway between Ely and Newmarket and tends to look both ways for higher level services.

2.2.10 Littleport is a small fenland town, with a very localised service catchment due to its proximity to Ely. Littleport has a small thriving High Street, and a good range of employment opportunities which have been bolstered via the regeneration initiatives referred to above. The town has also experienced some recent housing growth on a new estate on the western side. However, attracting future commercial and retail development in Littleport is likely to be a challenge due to the town’s distance from Cambridge, and its small size. Nevertheless, the town does benefit from a mainline railway station, providing good connections to London, Cambridge and Kings Lynn.

2.2.11 The south of the district has a markedly different landscape character, consisting of elevated and heath land, and contains a range of attractive villages and hamlets. Compared to the north of the district, incomes are higher and there is less deprivation – but house prices are higher meaning that the issue of affordable housing for local people is a particular 13 problem. The area lies close to Cambridge, and benefits from good connections to Cambridge, London and Bury St. Edmunds via the A14 and A11, as well as rail links on the Ipswich to Cambridge line. However, despite this it has experienced far lower levels of housing growth than the north of the district over the last 20 years, and contains smaller levels of manufacturing and heavy industry. The economy and landscape is dominated by the horse racing industry with large tracts of farmland converted to stud use. The villages in the area mainly look to the nearby town of Newmarket in (population 15,380: East Cambr source, Suffolk County Council Town and Parish Population Estimates June 2008) for their local service and employment provision. The district boundary around Newmarket is an unusual feature of the geography of East Cambridgeshire. East Cambridgeshire contains some of the suburbs of Newmarket, plus most of the surrounding villages – but the majority idgeshire Core Str of the town lies within the neighbouring local authority of Forest Heath.The area also contains a small part of the Cambridge Green Belt, which provides an attractive rural setting for the city.

2.2.12 The district contains a number of sites of particular importance for biodiversity, including 3

ategy internationally important wildlife sites at the , and Chippenham Fen. There are also 19 Sites of Special Scientific Importance and 81 County Wildlife Sites – as well as areas identified as important for wildlife in the Cambridgeshire Biodiversity Action Plan. Many of these wildlife areas also provide opportunities for outdoor recreation and sport – particularly boating and fishing on the fenland rivers and waterways.

Summary of key issues and challenges

2.2.13 East Cambridgeshire clearly benefits from an attractive rural environment, and has a good level of overall prosperity. However, there are a number of specific issues that need to be addressed. These also reflect community views expressed to date via the Community Strategy and the LDF process.

The need to manage and plan for housing growth - ensuring that infrastructure and service provision keeps pace with new development, and that new housing is successfully integrated into the built-framework and social fabric of existing communities. The spatial distribution of new growth between and within settlements will also be a key issue for the Council, given the need to ensure accessibility to services, reduce the need to travel and promote walking and cycling (thereby benefiting the environment and reducing climate change). In East Cambridgeshire this will be a key challenge to address in the context of the dispersed settlement pattern and poor levels of public transport.

Linked to the above, the quality of the transport infrastructure in East Cambridgeshire and on key commuting routes is a particularly important issue. The scale of recent housing growth in the district has placed considerable pressures on the local rail and road network, with congestion and overcrowding at peak times. It will be important that any future growth is accompanied by investment in the A10, A142, and upgrades to rail and services (particularly to Cambridge).

A large proportion of East Cambridgeshire’s working population travels to work outside the district. The local economy is characterised by lower wage levels and relatively restricted job opportunities. New economic development in the district, particularly involving the provision of higher skilled jobs, is a key issue to be addressed. In addition to boosting the local economy, this would also help to tackle the increasing levels of 14 out-commuting and associated problems of congestion and pollution. House prices in the district are high in relation to average incomes, and there is an urgent need to provide more affordable housing for the increasing number of people who are unable to afford private market housing.

The need to retain and enhance retail and service facilities in the market towns and villages – in order to allow access for all, and reduce car travel. This is a difficult challenge in the face of centralisation of services and competition from concentrations of retail development in fewer, larger centres. It will be particularly important for the

market towns to continue to thrive as service centres which meet the commercial and ategy community needs of the local area. In this context, regeneration initiatives in Soham and Littleport should continue to be a focus.

Sustaining an attractive environment – ensuring that the appearance and character of the built environment and the countryside is protected and enhanced, and that features and areas of historic, wildlife and geological importance are safeguarded. It will also idgeshire Core Str be important to ensure that all new development is well designed and is locally distinctive. East Cambr Climate change - it is expected that climate change, as a result of increasing emissions of greenhouse gases, will continue in the future. Summers are likely to be hotter, winters wetter, and flooding and other extreme events more common – and sea levels are likely to rise. Climate change presents a serious challenge to all local authorities. The LDF will need to devise ways to reduce the carbon footprint of existing and new development, and attempt to build new developments which are adaptable and in accessible locations. In East Cambridgeshire, the significant amount of land at or below sea-level means that flood risk will be a key issue to address when planning for development.

2.3 Spatial vision and objectives

2.3.1 This section sets out a vision for the district in the year 2025, followed by the identification of a set of strategic objectives which should help to deliver the vision of the plan.

Spatial vision

2.3.2 The following vision provides clear direction for development in East Cambridgeshire up to 2025. It has been developed from the key characteristics in the Spatial Portrait, and influenced by Key Issues and Influences outlined in previous sections – this includes the context of the Regional Spatial Strategy, and community priorities addressed in the East Cambridgeshire Sustainable Community Strategy and through the LDF consultation process to date.

2.3.3 In 2025, East Cambridgeshire will have retained its distinct identity as a predominantly rural area of villages and market towns whilst accommodating the development of new homes and jobs required as part of being a major growth area.The district will have taken advantage of the economic vitality of the Cambridge sub-region, and have a diverse and thriving economy, with vibrant and attractive towns and villages which act as employment and service centres for their surrounding rural areas. More residents will have a high quality of life, with increased access to affordable housing, a wider range of local better skilled jobs, and good quality services and facilities.

2.3.4 The three market towns of Ely, Soham and Littleport will be the focus of the majority of 15 development activity. Particular emphasis will be placed on the retention and provision of employment opportunities (in order to reduce out-commuting and enable balanced prosperous communities), and on providing a mix of residential development to meet local needs (including affordable housing), whilst ensuring the necessary infrastructure and community facilities/services are in place to support growth. Ely, as the main centre in the district, will be a particular focus for growth. Further details of a vision for each of the market towns is set out below. East Cambr 2.3.5 Ely – Ely will continue to be a thriving historic city, and the main market town in East Cambridgeshire. It will provide employment, retailing and other services to a wide catchment area, and a larger resident population of the town. Its role as a tourist centre will have strengthened, with increased numbers of visitors attracted to the cathedral and an enhanced idgeshire Core Str riverside and station gateway area.The town centre will have been improved and expanded by exploiting opportunities for retail development, and improved sports facilities will have been provided. Significant new housing development will function as part of the town and be well connected by pedestrian and cycle links. Growth will be accompanied by investment in employment opportunities, new educational and health facilities, a new Country Park,

ategy and major improvements to the A142 between Angel Drove and the . Development will be provided without compromising the sensitive historical landscape setting of the city and the cathedral, or its built heritage.The special character and important wildlife and recreational value of the river and Roswell Pits area will have been protected and enhanced.

2.3.6 Soham – Soham will be an attractive and vibrant market town, serving a local rural catchment. This role will have been strengthened by enhancing the appearance, character and function of its town centre, especially the range of small niche shops, and by exploiting opportunities for retail expansion in the town centre. The town’s strategic location will be attractive to employers wishing to establish or expand on newly serviced employment sites. Additional housing growth will be provided in locations which are relatively close to the town centre, and easily accessed by cycle or on foot. Growth will be accompanied by investment in employment opportunities, new educational and health facilities, and potentially a new railway service for the town. Development will take place without compromising the sensitive Commons setting of the town or its built heritage.

2.3.7 Littleport – Littleport will provide a stronger role as a local service centre, providing jobs, shops and services for the town and a small rural catchment. The town will provide a good quality of life for residents, with an active local community. New investment will have focused on revitalising the town centre, improving job opportunities, and achieving high quality development which enhances the image of the town.

2.3.8 In the wider countryside, development will be focused on particular settlements that offer a range of local facilities to serve their local area. New development will take place on a scale which reinforces this local service role, and existing services such as schools will be retained and improved. The small part of East Cambridgeshire which forms a suburb of Newmarket will play a supportive role to the overall development of Newmarket – as identified in the Forest Heath LDF. The priority for East Cambridgeshire’s other settlements and wider countryside will be to protect the character and provide support for rural communities. Development which supports sustainable communities will therefore take place, including small scale housing, affordable housing, recreation and tourism, community services and facilities and small scale employment and farm diversification schemes.

2.3.9 Wherever, new housing is provided, it will match local needs in terms of type, size and 16 tenure. By 2025 there will be sufficient homes available to buy and rent within a price range that is affordable for all sectors of the community. In addition, all new housing development will be of high quality and well designed – thereby ensuring that the distinctive character of the district’s towns and villages is maintained and enhanced.

2.3.10 All communities will be provided with improved social, recreational, health and educational facilities. The needs of elderly, young and lower-paid people will receive special attention. Part of this process will involve ensuring that existing vital community services are retained – for example, community halls, local shops and , and health facilities. New infrastructure

and services required to support growth will be carefully planned and delivered on-time to ategy meet the needs of new residents. The levels of crime and the fear of crime will have been further reduced.

2.3.11 Transport deficiencies will be tackled and accessibility improved. High priority will be given to achieving major improvements to the A142 between Angel Drove and the Stuntney Causeway. There will also be improved public bus services between market towns and idgeshire Core Str villages, the development of the A10 as a high quality public transport corridor, and better cycling and pedestrian facilities and links. Other infrastructure improvement projects required to support growth will also be delivered – including road improvements on the A10 and East Cambr A142. Further details of transport infrastructure requirements are set out in Chapter 4.

2.3.12 The overall diversity and quality of East Cambridgeshire’s countryside, natural environment and built heritage will have improved. At the same time, there will be better access to the countryside and greenspaces, so that local communities can enjoy their natural resources. The challenges presented by climate change will also have been embraced, with new development being located and designed to minimise resource and energy use and reduce the risk of flooding. Renewable energy production will have increased, and a proportion of all energy will be created from local renewable sources such as bio-fuels, biomass, and wind power.

Strategic objectives

2.3.13 The following strategic objectives will help to deliver the spatial vision, and guide development in the district up to 2025.The objectives will also help to provide a framework for developing appropriate indicators and targets for monitoring purposes. Twelve strategic objectives are proposed.These have been developed having regard to other relevant plans and strategies, national and regional planning guidance, and community views expressed through the Community Strategy and LDF consultation process. They have also taken account of the overriding aim of land-use planning, which is to achieve ‘sustainable development’, which is defined as:

“The process which aims to enable all people throughout the world to satisfy their basic needs and enjoy a better quality of life without compromising the quality of life of future generations". (i)

1. To accommodate future population and employment growth to meet the needs of the district 2. To locate new development in sustainable locations where it reduces the need to travel, and enables people to access jobs and key services 3. To ensure that new housing meets the needs of the community, including the provision of an appropriate amount and range of affordable housing and specialist needs housing 4. To support and encourage economic growth and job creation which meets local employment needs and limits out-commuting 5. To protect and enhance the vitality and viability of the district’s town centres as places 17 for shopping and leisure 6. To retain and improve the provision of community facilities and services in the district, particularly in rural areas

i ‘Securing our future’ DEFRA 2005 East Cambr 7. To provide a framework for the delivery of infrastructure and services (including health, education, community, transport and recreation facilities) in tandem with new development 8. To protect the countryside from inappropriate development, and to protect and enhance idgeshire Core Str the district’s natural environment including distinctive landscapes, habitats and biodiversity 9. To protect and enhance the historic heritage and unique character of settlements by ensuring that new development reflects and/or is sympathetic to the distinctive character and appearance of the local area ategy 10. To secure new development which is accessible to all users, and minimises the risk of crime, flooding and climate change 11. To promote development which conserves natural resources, minimises greenhouse gas emissions, and helps to reduce waste 12. To increase opportunities to pursue a healthy lifestyle, by enhancing walking and cycling links, and maintaining and improving the availability of recreation facilities and open spaces.

2.4 Core policies

2.4.1 CS1 - Spatial strategy

2.4.1.1 One of the main ways in which the LDF can contribute to a more sustainable future, is to provide a spatial guide to the location and distribution of new development. A hierarchy of settlements is therefore proposed, as the organising basis for development and services. The hierarchy is intended to ensure that the quantity and type of development planned reflects the role and character of each settlement.

2.4.1.2 The Regional Spatial Strategy gives guidance on the development of a hierarchy in East Cambridgeshire, and states that development should be focused in ‘market towns’ and thereafter in ‘key service centres’. Focusing development in sustainable locations where there is a range of services, shops and employment opportunities should help to reduce out-commuting and the need to travel, reduce carbon emissions and energy use, make the best use of brownfield land, and enable people to access jobs and services. The proposed settlement hierarchy and broad distribution of growth is consistent with RSS, and should help to deliver strategic objective 2 (as set out in section 2.3). The RSS indicates that a minimum of 8,600 dwellings will be required in East Cambridgeshire for the 20 year period between 2001 and 2021 (further details on the scale of housing growth is set out in Core Policy CS2). Housing growth will need to be matched by employment growth. The Council’s Employment Land and Labour Market Study Update 2008 forecasts that an additional 6,200 jobs need to be created in the district based on Regional Spatial Strategy policy.

2.4.1.3 The position of each settlement in the hierarchy has been determined by taking account of 18 factors such as: The population of the settlement The range of facilities, services and employment opportunities in a settlement The character of a settlement and any environmental or infrastructure constraints which may restrict its ability to grow Accessibility to public transport provision Accessibility to higher order centres and key areas of employment

Past rates of growth and outstanding planning permissions in a settlement ategy

2.4.1.4 Further details of the assessment is set out in the Council’s ‘Settlement Hierarchy Paper’ which forms a background paper to the LDF.

2.4.1.5 The proposed strategy recognises the major role played by Ely as the largest service centre idgeshire Core Str in the district, and the complementary roles of the market towns of Soham and Littleport in relation to the provision of employment, retailing and services for a rural catchment. The villages of , Burwell, Haddenham and Sutton also play an important role as local East Cambr service centres within the rural area. In order to support these roles and help meet local housing and employment needs, these villages have been designated as ‘Key Service Centres’ in the hierarchy, and identified as suitable for accommodating modest growth. The fringes of Newmarket which lie within East Cambridgeshire are also designated as a Key Service Centre. Whilst Newmarket itself is a market town, the East Cambridgeshire suburb by itself does not have the role and function of a principal service centre.

2.4.1.6 East Cambridgeshire also contains a number of other villages which have a range of basic services, but which play a lesser service role than Key Service Centres. The villages of Fordham, , , , and have been identified as falling within this category, and designated as ‘Limited Service Centres’ where some development could be appropriate (although on a smaller scale than in Key Service Centres) – particularly where it supports the rural economy and local housing needs. There are also a large number of other villages in East Cambridgeshire which mainly contain few or no services. It is proposed that new development in these ‘Smaller Villages’ should be small scale and even more restricted than in Limited Service Centres – although, as with Limited Service Centres, development which supports the rural economy and meets local housing or community needs may be welcomed. Elsewhere in the district (the countryside) growth will be strictly controlled, although exceptions will be made for certain types of development which support the rural economy, meet local housing needs, and provide essential services and infrastructure (as provided for by other policies in the Plan). Development which is essential to the operation of uses which require a rural location (e.g. agriculture, horticulture etc) may also be appropriate in the countryside.

2.4.1.7 The spatial strategy in CS1 is supported by the strategic housing and employment Core Policies (CS2 and CS4), which set out further detail on the scale and distribution of housing and employment growth, and the type of development which may be suitable in different locations in the district. It is also reflected in the spatial strategies for the main settlements in CS9 to CS11.

2.4.1.8 Each of the listed settlements in CS1 has a defined settlement boundary, which contains the main built-up area.This is a long-standing policy which is used to identify the area within which development is acceptable in principle. Land outside is considered to be in the countryside, where development is strictly controlled. The aim is to protect the character 19 and setting of settlements and avoid urban sprawl into the open countryside.The settlement boundaries are shown in the accompanying Proposals Map (see separate document).These are largely similar to the settlement boundaries in the East Cambridgeshire District Local Plan (2000), but with some very minor boundary changes in some settlements where anomalies have been removed. It should be noted that the settlement boundaries do not necessarily include all areas of built development. For example, there are a number of small hamlets which are not designated in the settlement hierarchy and do not have a settlement East Cambr boundary. These are considered to be part of the open countryside, due to their small size and open structure – and include the hamlets of Ley, Little Ouse, Shippea Hill, Sutton , Upend and . It should also be noted that the settlement boundaries (and the Proposals Map) will be updated following production of future site idgeshire Core Str specific Development Plan Documents.

Policy CS 1

ategy Spatial strategy

The majority of development will take place in the towns and most sustainable villages, dependent on their role as employment, retail and service centres, their level of accessibility, and particular environmental and infrastructure constraints.

Ely, Soham and Littleport are designated as ‘Market Towns’ where the majority of new housing and employment development will take place (approximately 70% of new housing development and 60% of new employment land). Ely is the most significant service and population centre in the district, and will be the key focus for the majority of growth.

Bottisham, Burwell, Haddenham, Newmarket Fringe and Sutton are designated as ‘Key Service Centres’ where a more limited amount of development will be accommodated (approximately 14% of housing and 29% of new employment land)

Fordham, Isleham, Little Downham, Stretham, Witchford and Wilburton are designated as ‘Limited Service Centres’, where a small amount of new development will be focused in order to support rural sustainability.

Within designated ‘Smaller Villages’, growth will be more restricted, and limited to small scale development or that which supports local housing needs and the rural economy. The Smaller Villages in the district include: , Ashley, , , Brinkley, , , , Chippenham, Coveney, Dullingham, Kennett, and Kirtling Green, Little , Lode, Long Meadow, , , , Queen Adelaide, Reach, Saxon Street, Snailwell, , Stuntney, , , , , Wentworth, Wicken, and .

The rest of the district is designated as 'Countryside', where development will be strictly controlled, and restricted to that which is essential to the efficient operation of local agriculture, horticulture, forestry, permitted mineral extraction, and outdoor recreation - or to other uses specifically identified in this Plan which support the rural economy, help meet affordable housing or special housing needs, or provide essential rural services and infrastructure. Development that would adversely affect the character and appearance of the countryside will not be permitted.

20 2.4.2 CS2 - Housing ategy 2.4.2.1 The LDF needs to plan for the provision of sufficient homes in the district, and ensure that the type of homes provided makes a significant contribution to meeting local needs. The LDF also needs to ensure that homes are provided in the right locations, providing a better link between jobs and homes and enabling people to access services and facilities.

Scale idgeshire Core Str

2.4.2.2 The scale of housing which needs to be provided in each local authority area is set by the Regional Spatial Strategy for the East of England (RSS).The RSS indicates that a minimum of 8,600 houses will need to be provided in East Cambridgeshire for the 20 year period East Cambr 2001 to 2021 (a requirement of 360 dwellings per year on average from 2006). As discussed in chapter 1, the East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy proposes to plan up to the year 2025 in order to accord with Government guidance in PPS3. The RSS indicates that the Council should plan for the post-2021 period at the annual rate for 2001-2021 of 430 dwellings per year. Therefore a minimum supply of 10,320 dwellings will need to come forward in East Cambridgeshire between 2001 and 2025. Taking into account past completions between 2001 and 2008 (4,632 dwellings), the outstanding requirement is for a minimum of 5,688 dwellings by 2025.

Distribution

2.4.2.3 The distribution of housing development will comply with the Spatial Strategy (CS1) which aims to ensure that development takes place in the most sustainable locations in the district, whilst addressing local needs.

2.4.2.4 This strategy is reflected in the broad distribution of allocated sites proposed in Policy CS2 below. Specific sites for housing development will be identified and allocated in future site specific Development Plan Documents. There are also limitations on the scale of housing developments on unallocated sites in smaller settlements in Policy CS2. In Limited Service Centres and other villages where the number of dwellings proposed on a site exceeds the appropriate scale defined by Policy CS2, any additional housing should meet identified local housing needs (e.g. affordable housing or special needs housing). For sites in the countryside, the appropriate scale of a housing scheme will vary according to the type of scheme proposed, and will be linked to the reasons for its justification. For example, affordable housing schemes of 10 or more dwellings may be appropriate where there is unmet need within that settlement, whilst schemes for agricultural workers are linked to the essential needs of the business so tend to be for one or two dwellings. Further details of the appropriate scale of housing schemes in the countryside is set out in the relevant development control policies in Chapter 3. All schemes will also need to ensure that they do not adversely affect the character and appearance of an area, and satisfy all other material planning considerations. Phasing 21 2.4.2.5 In some cases the level of growth proposed may not be possible without improvements in supporting infrastructure, particularly utility provision. It may therefore be necessary to phase the delivery of allocation sites, until improvements can be made. This approach reflects advice in Policy H1 of RSS. Details of infrastructure requirements and potential phasing which may be needed in different settlements is set out in Chapter 4 of the Core Strategy (and is reflected in the housing trajectory in Appendix 2). The schedule is based on current estimates of funding and programme of works. If infrastructure can be delivered earlier than East Cambr anticipated, it may be possible to bring forward development earlier. This matter will be the subject of on-going monitoring, and will also be re-examined as part of the preparation of future site specific Development Plan Documents.

idgeshire Core Str Delivery

2.4.2.6 The LDF also needs to look at how the required housing growth is likely to be delivered over the Plan period. A significant proportion of the required housing growth has already been delivered in the period since 2001. The County Council’s Annual Housing Survey

ategy indicates that a total of 4,632 dwellings were built in East Cambridgeshire between 2001 and 2008.Therefore a minimum of 5,688 dwellings still need to be constructed in the district up to the year 2025.

2.4.2.7 It is estimated that 1,626 of these properties will come forward on large specific sites which are already committed (i.e. sites with planning permission where work has not yet started or is partially completed). These sites have been assessed in the Council’s Housing Land Availability Assessment as suitable, available and deliverable, and highly likely to be developed. In addition it is estimated that in the period between 2018 and 2025 approximately 840 dwellings will come forward on ‘windfall sites’ which cannot be individually predicted at this stage.This windfall source includes outstanding commitments on small sites, and relates to dwellings on small brownfield plots within settlements, affordable housing schemes on rural exception sites, barn conversions and infill development in the countryside, and essential dwellings in the countryside for agricultural and stud workers. The projections are based on past trends, reduced to account for a decline in the availability of infill plots within settlement boundaries and declining requirement for essential rural worker dwellings in the countryside. Justification for the inclusion of windfall estimates is set out in Appendix 2 of the Core Strategy. It should be noted that the housing supply does not rely on windfalls in the period up to 2018.

2.4.2.8 It is also proposed to allocate land for housing in order to meet the housing targets in RSS. The Council’s Housing Land Availability Assessment has identified a number of potential sites within settlements which are suitable, deliverable and available for development. However, additional land outside current settlement boundaries will also be required.

2.4.2.9 The table below summarises how and where housing is likely to be delivered in East Cambridgeshire over the Plan period (as estimated at April 2009). It includes details of completions to date, and future estimates of supply from outstanding commitments, windfall sites and large potential sites within settlements – plus an indication of the amount of potential allocations which may be required outside current settlement boundaries in different locations and of other additional allocations which will be required. It should be noted that the figures for large potential sites within settlements are broad estimates only. Further details of these various housing sources and the predicted levels of supply year on year throughout the Plan period (the ‘housing trajectory’) is set out in Appendix 2 to this document. The housing trajectory will form a key part of the Council’s Annual Monitoring Report, enabling the Council 22 to monitor the extent to which the LDF is delivering the required scale and distribution of housing.

2.4.2.10 Policy CS2 provides further spatial direction, where possible, on allocations required outside settlement boundaries, indicating the broad locations around each settlement where allocations should take place.These broad areas are identified by on the key diagram and in the Proposals Map, and their selection has been informed by an assessment of broad areas in terms of their suitability, deliverability and availability for housing development. Further details of this assessment can be viewed in the accompanying background paper

‘Broad Areas of Search for New Development’. The specific boundaries of these broad ategy areas of search will be identified in future site specific Development Plan Documents. Future site specific DPDs will also look to allocate suitable and deliverable sites within settlement boundaries and also any additional sites outside setttlement boundaries as necessary.

2.4.2.11 The majority of allocations outside settlements are proposed in Ely, reflecting the fact that it is the largest and most dominant centre in the district.Two broad areas have been identified idgeshire Core Str – land to the east of the Princess of Wales Hospital, and land to the south of Lisle Lane.

2.4.2.12 Most of the land to the south of Lisle Lane is brownfield and in current employment use. In light of the clear boundaries, an estimated range of dwelling numbers has been given (in East Cambr the table below, the mid-point in this range has been taken). The development of this area may happen incrementally as existing uses relocate. Further details on this are set out in the Town Strategy section below (Policy CS9) and Chapter 4 on Infrastructure and Implementation.

2.4.2.13 Allocations outside settlement boundaries are also proposed for Soham, Bottisham and Burwell. Allocations are not proposed in Littleport, Sutton and Haddenham as a significant amount of development is already in the pipeline or has recently been built in these settlements. In the case of Newmarket there are significant physical constraints and a lack of available sites on the edge of the town, and therefore growth is only proposed within the settlement boundary.

2.4.2.14 It is proposed that allocations should generally be sites which are capable of accommodating at least 10 dwellings.Ten dwellings is classified nationally as ‘major’ development, and such larger sites are those which are likely to create notable infrastructure requirements in the locality, and it is important to plan for these.

23

24

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Table 2.1 Summary of Housing Supply

Settlement Completions Outstanding Outstanding Windfalls Large potential Potential broad TOTAL Additional 2001-8 commitments on commitments (2018-2025) sites within areas outside allocations large sites on small sites settlements settlements (to be identified)

Market Towns (2971) (1440) (220) (265) (805) (1100) (6801) -

Ely 1939 364 64 84 247 700 3398 -

Soham 564 304 79 106 280 400 1733 -

Littleport 468 772 77 75 278 0 1670 -

Key Service Centres (658) (102) (105) (156) (248) (150) (1419) -

Bottisham 33 31 13 20 118 50 265 -

Burwell 230 45 42 44 28 100 489 -

Haddenham 69 14 25 26 0 0 134 -

Newmarket Fringe 15 0 6 15 33 0 69 -

Sutton 311 12 19 51 69 0 462 -

Other Areas (1003) (84) (228) (419) (26) (0) (1760) -

Limited Service Centres 349 23 54 123 26 0 575 -

Smaller Villages 334 22 80 107 0 0 543 -

Rural affordable housing 141 24 0 111 0 0 276 -

Other housing in the 179 15 94 78 0 0 366 - countryside

TOTAL 4632 1626 553 840 1079 1250 9980 483 Types of housing ategy 2.4.2.15 The provision of additional affordable housing in the district is one of the key aims of the Community Strategy and the LDF. The Strategic Housing Market Assessment for the Cambridge Housing Sub-Region (SHMA: 2008) identifies a need for 597 dwellings to be affordable per year in the district, if backlog and newly arising need is to be met. This figure far exceeds the annual completion rate in the district in RSS, for all types of dwelling. If this need is to be addressed, it is therefore essential that a high proportion of all new idgeshire Core Str developments are affordable. Policy CS2 therefore sets out a strategic target for the whole district. This is a more realistic target, informed by local market conditions, levels of need, and viability/feasibility testing (information on viability testing is set out in the Council’s East Cambr ‘Affordable Housing Viability Document’ on the Council’s website). Policy CS2 should be read in conjunction with Policy H3, which indicates the proportion of affordable housing to be provided on new development sites and the site size for triggering this contribution – and Policy H4 in Chapter 3, which sets out criteria for assessing affordable housing rural exception schemes. It is also important that the type of affordable housing (e.g. rented social, or intermediate affordable housing that can include shared ownership) matches local need as closely as possible. The Strategic Market Housing Assessment provides evidence in relation to this (the 2008 version indicates a local need for about 70% rented social and 30% intermediate affordable housing that can include shared ownership in East Cambridgeshire).

2.4.2.16 The accommodation needs of other groups in the community also needs to be considered – for example, housing for elderly people, disabled people, and caravan sites for gypsies and travellers and travelling showpeople. Policy CS2 sets out an overarching aim for all sectors, and also includes reference to an appropriate size mix of properties, as this is relevant in meeting the housing needs of groups such as families and single people. The Strategic Housing Market Assessment provides evidence of local needs in this respect. Additional strategic guidance on the provision of accommodation for gypsies and travellers is included in Policy CS3 below. Chapter 3 also includes several policies against which proposals for housing for different groups will be assessed (for example, see Policy H5 - gypsies, travellers and travelling showpeople, and Policy H7 - residential care home accommodation) and a detailed policy on density (Policy H2).

25 East Cambr Policy CS 2

Housing idgeshire Core Str

At least 5,688 new homes will be provided for in the district between 2009 and 2025.

It is proposed that land will be allocated for approximately 1,250 dwellings outside current settlement boundaries as set out below. Other land within settlements will also be allocated for

ategy residential purposes. The specific sites for allocation will be identified in future site specific Development Plan Documents.

Allocations will be phased in order to allow necessary infrastructure to be put in place to support development.

All potential allocation sites will be assessed on their merits, taking account of the following factors:

1. Fit with the Council’s spatial strategy (in terms of distribution and scale) 2. The need to retain employment land where required to match housing growth 3. The need to re-use previously developed land 4. Distance (by foot/bike) to town/village centre and key services and facilities (open space, Doctors surgery, primary school, and local shops) 5. Availability of and accessibility to public transport services 6. Site suitability in terms of physical constraints (e.g. access, flood risk) 7. Impact on natural assets, including biodiversity, or cultural heritage 8. Impact in terms of urban/landscape character, and setting of settlements 9. Infrastructure capacity 10. Availability and deliverability of sites 11. Site size – sites should be capable of accommodating at least 10 dwellings

It is proposed that allocations outside current development boundaries will be distributed as follows:

Ely

1. Approximately 150-250 dwellings to be provided on industrial/vacant land on Lisle Lane 2. Approximately 500 dwellings to be provided as a greenfield extension to the east of the Princess of Wales Hospital.

Soham Approximately 400 dwellings to be provided, on industrial/vacant land off Station Road and as a greenfield extension to the north-east of The Causeway/Brook Street 26 Burwell Approximately 100 dwellings to be provided, as a greenfield extension to the east of Ness Road

Bottisham Approximately 50 dwellings to be provided, as a greenfield extension to the east of Bell Road. In addition to the above provision for approximately 1,250 dwellings, sites for the balance of 483 dwellings required up to year 10 of the housing trajectory will be identified in the site-specific ategy Development Plan Documents. They will be distributed in accordance with the spatial strategy set out in Policy CS1. This may require allocation of additional housing land outside existing settlement boundaries.

On non-allocated housing sites in settlements the following scale of development will be appropriate, providing that there is no adverse effect on the scale and character of the area, and idgeshire Core Str that all other material planning considerations are satisfied:

Market towns: Any scale East Cambr Key Service Centres: Any scale Limited Service Centres: Up to 9 dwellings Smaller Villages: Up to 2 dwellings

Outside settlement boundaries and allocated sites there will be a policy of strict control over residential development. Exceptions to this policy of control may include:

Affordable housing (see Policy H4) Sites for gypsies and travellers and travelling showpeople (see Policy CS3) Dwellings where it is essential for farm, stud or other rural workers to live at or near their place of work (see Policy H5) Alterations to or replacement of dwellings (see Policy H8) Re-use/replacement of existing buildings (see Policy EC4)

At current planned growth levels at least 35% of the new housing provided in the district between 2001 and 2025 will be on previously developed land.

At least 30% of housing provided in the district between 2008 and 2025 will be affordable. The type of affordable housing provided should meet identified local needs (currently identified in the Strategic Housing Market Assessment 2008 as a need for 70% rented social housing and 30% shared ownership).

Accommodation will be provided to meet the specific needs of particular groups of people, including the elderly, disabled, gypsies and travellers, and travelling showpeople. An appropriate mix of different size houses will be built to meet identified needs in the district.

27 East Cambr 2.4.3 CS3 - Gypsy and traveller sites and sites for travelling showpeople

2.4.3.1 Circular 01/06 ‘Planning for Gypsy and Traveller Caravan Sites’ and the Housing Act 2004 require local authorities to take account of the housing needs of gypsies and travellers (ii), idgeshire Core Str and to ensure that there are sufficient caravan pitches available in the right locations to meet identified needs. The Government’s aim is to reduce unauthorised encampments in unsuitable areas, reduce conflicts over the use of land, and increase gypsy/traveller access to healthcare and education. The Circular recognises that the likelihood of land being available and affordable within settlement boundaries is limited, and, given the working

ategy patterns of gypsies and travellers, it is likely that countryside locations will need to be considered.

2.4.3.2 The Core Strategy needs to set out a strategic vision for the provision of gypsy and traveller sites in the district over the Plan period. As part of this it needs to identify the broad distribution of growth across the district, and identify criteria to guide the allocation of sites which will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document. The criteria identified for determining allocation sites, in Policy CS3 below, follows national planning policy guidance.

2.4.3.3 The RSS Revision: Accommodation for Gypsies and Travellers and Travelling Showpeople in the East of England (2009) sets out policies for the provision of pitches and plots in the districts. For East Cambridgeshire Policy H3 requires at least 35 pitches for gypsies and travellers to be provided in order to meet urgent needs to 2011. Beyond this period local authorities should plan for an annual increase of 3% in the overall level of pitch provision in accordance with the spatial distribution in Policy H3. For East Cambridgeshire this would mean the provision of a further 46 pitches between 2011 and 2025, a total of 81 additional pitches between 2006 and 2025. Policy H3 also requires the provision of an additional 40 transit pitches in Cambridgeshire/Peterborough up to 2011. However the policy indicates that this provision should be made in the Cambridge area, Fenland, Huntingdonshire and Peterborough - and not East Cambridgeshire. These locations reflect particular needs or travel patterns (RSS Revision 2009 paragraph 5.11)

2.4.3.4 In 2007 there were about 90 traveller families living in the district on a mix of private sites and Council sites, and between 35 and 40 traveller families housed in social housing. In addition unauthorised encampments occur. For example, between 2004 and 2007 there were an average of 13 unauthorised caravans recorded in January and July in the district, with the numbers being higher in Summer as gypsies come to the district, or pass through for seasonal work.

2.4.3.5 The Council’s Sub-District Gypsy Needs Assessment (2007) included an analysis of the gypsy population and site locations and sought to determine future locational preferences, the type of accommodation needed (Council run or private), plot size and facility requirements. Taking account of current distribution, need arising from family growth, and unauthorised encampments, the Sub-District Assessment concluded that 56% of growth 28 was needed in the north of the district, 18% in the central area and 26% in the south. A variety of site sizes will be required, taking account of accommodation needs and the context of the site. Privately owned and sites for rent will be needed, due to the financial constraints

ii Circular 01/2006 defines Gypsies and Travellers as "Persons of nomadic habit of life whatever their race or origin, including such persons who on grounds only of their own or their family's or dependents' educational or social needs or old age, have ceased to travel temporarily or permanently, but excluding members of an organised group of travelling show people or circus people travelling together as such" of many of the local gypsy population. The mix of sites and the potential involvement of

Registered Social Landlords to provide rented sites (possibly in partnership with the Council) ategy will be fully investigated in a future Site Specific Development Plan Document.

2.4.3.6 Organised groups of travelling showpeople (iii) are excluded from the planning definition of Gypsies and Travellers, but their accommodation requirements are similar. Government advice in Circular 04/2007 is that the scale of site provision for travelling showpeople should be set in the RSS. Circular 04/2007 requires local authorities to take account of the needs idgeshire Core Str of travelling showpeople. Policy H4 of the RSS Revision states that 18 new plots should be provided in Cambridgeshire/Peterborough between 2006 and 2011, with an annual increase of 1.5% beyond this period.To meet these local needs local authorities are to work together East Cambr in county and former county groupings with local travelling showpeople and the Showmens Guild. Paragraph 5.16 notes that the Policy H4 targets are interim in nature. This is to allow the outcome of partnership work to be taken into account.

29

iii Circular 04/2007 defines Travelling Showpeople as "Members of a group organised for the purposes of holding fairs, circuses or shows (whether or not travelling together as such). This includes such persons who on the grounds of their own or their family's dependents' more localised pattern of trading, educational or health needs or old age have ceased to travel temporarily or permanently, but excludes Gypsies and Travellers as defined in ODPM Circular 1/2006" East Cambr Policy CS 3

Gypsy and Traveller Sites and Sites for Travelling Showpeople idgeshire Core Str

At least 35 pitches for Gypsies and Travellers will be provided in the district between 2006 and 2011. Beyond 2011 the Council will plan for an annual increase of 3% in the overall level of pitch provision. Transit pitches will also be provided if need is identified as a result of joint working.

ategy New caravan pitch allocations will be distributed across the district broadly in the following ratios:

Broad Location Proportion of provision

Northern Area: including the of Ely, Littleport, Coveney, Haddenham, Mepal, 56% Little Downham, , Wentworth, Witcham, Wilburton, Witchford, Stretham and Sutton

Central Area: including the parishes of Soham, Chippenham, Wicken, Isleham, 18% Fordham, Snailwell and Kennett

Southern Area: including the parishes of Ashley, Bottisham, Brinkley, Borrough 26% Green, Burwell, Cheveley, Dullingham, Kirtling, Reach, Swaffham Bulbeck, Swaffham Prior, Westley Waterless and Woodditton

Sites will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document taking account of the following factors:

a. Proximity to a settlement which offers local services and community facilities b. Impact on the character and appearance of the countryside and setting of settlements c. Impact on the amenity of nearby residents or adjoining land users d. Impact on natural assets or cultural heritage e. Site suitability in terms of physical constraints (e.g. access, flood risk, contamination) f. Availability and deliverability of sites g. The size of the site should have regard to the accommodation needs and functional requirements and other factors set out above and should be broadly in scale with the size of the nearest local community

Sites will come forward as windfalls and these will be assessed against the factors above, the existing level of provision and need for sites in the area, the availability (or lack) of alternative accommodation for the applicants and other personal circumstances.

Accommodation will also be provided to meet the identified needs of travelling showpeople as determined through joint partnership working as set out in Policy H4 of the RSS Revision. 30 2.4.4 CS4 - Employment ategy 2.4.4.1 A key strategic objective of this Plan is to support and encourage economic growth and job creation which meets local employment needs and limits out-commuting. It is also an aspiration of the Council to broaden the economy so as to offer a wider choice of employment opportunities and achieve a more balanced economy and population in the future. In order to meet these objectives, it is essential that planning policies provide a positive and supportive framework for employment related development. There are currently about 27,000 jobs in idgeshire Core Str the district with a third being provided in the professional, other business, and miscellaneous services sectors. Manufacturing, construction, land transport and distribution, education

and retailing also provide significant employment in the district, and the tourist industry is a East Cambr growing sector in the local economy. This policy seeks to encourage jobs growth in all sectors, but focuses on the provision of appropriate amounts of land and premises for industrial, office and warehousing uses (B1, B2 and B8 use) (iv) in sustainable locations which meet the needs of businesses. Strategic retail and leisure employment opportunities are addressed in Policy CS5.

2.4.4.2 It is proposed to plan for employment growth to 2025 to mirror the timescale proposed for housing growth. Matching employment opportunities with housing growth will help to tackle the current imbalance between employment and housing, and reduce out-commuting. Commuting is a significant issue, as it causes congestion, is detrimental in environmental terms, and impacts on the quality of people’s lives. The provision of additional employment opportunities in the district will also help to boost the local economy and increase local spend.

2.4.4.3 The Council’s Economic Development Strategy highlights the importance of meeting the expansion and relocation needs of local B1/B2/B8 businesses and providing support for small business start-ups to ensure more jobs for more local people. Business employment in the district is dominated by small-scale firms, many of whom have benefited from the facilities of the Council’s ‘incubator units’ at E Space north and south. As there are relatively few large-scale employers, growth is likely to be spread across large numbers of small businesses rather than expansion of very large concerns. Consequently demand for accommodation is likely to be met on multi-occupancy business parks and smaller individual sites. In relation to this, it will be important to continue to support the rural economy, by encouraging a diverse range of small-scale enterprises and farm diversification schemes in rural areas. However, as well as providing new land and premises, a key part of the strategy will also involve retaining current B1/B2/B8 land and premises. The Council is aware that the demand for housing on sites within settlements will continue, as approximately 11 hectares of employment land has been lost to housing since 1999. Policy EC1 therefore seeks to protect existing employment sites from loss, where appropriate.

2.4.4.4 Tourism also makes a vital contribution to the economy of East Cambridgeshire. The Council’s Tourist Accommodation Assessment (2005) identified a strategic future need for additional hotel accommodation in the district, and other gaps in the provision of unserviced accommodation. Proposals for tourist accommodation, and for tourist facilities and attractions 31 will be considered in accordance with Policies EC8, EC9 and EC10.

iv The B Use Classes are as follows: office development (B1a), research and development (B1b), light industry (B1c), general industry (B2) and storage and distribution (B8). ) East Cambr Scale of jobs growth

2.4.4.5 The East of England Plan has a target for net growth of jobs of 75,000 for Cambridgeshire to 2021, but does not set a target for the number of jobs to be provided in each district. idgeshire Core Str However, the East of England Development Agency forecast jobs growth of 5,000(v) between 2001 and 2021, and the Council’s revised Employment Land and Labour Market Study (2008) estimates we should plan to cater for 6,200 extra jobs between 2006 and 2025. It is anticipated that much of this employment growth will be in retail, personal services and social care sectors, and other policies in this Plan provide for growth in these sectors.

ategy However, the Council’s Study predicts that jobs growth in office, light industrial and warehousing/distribution sectors will require 46 hectares of employment land up to the year 2025. The Study concludes that there is sufficient land already available to cater for this level of growth – in the form of outstanding planning permissions and large unused non-allocated sites, plus current unused employment allocations. The Study can be viewed on the Council’s website.

2.4.4.6 Nevertheless, the Council intends to make provision for a greater amount of B1/B2/B8 employment land than the Study estimates may be required in East Cambridgeshire over the Plan period – and proposes that about 61 hectares of land will be allocated which, when combined with planning commitments and unused large sites, amounts to approximately 116 hectares of land for employment use (compared to the Study’s estimated requirement for 46 ha of land). This amount is considered necessary for the following reasons:

The need to provide choice and quality and cater for specific known demands - The Council’s Study raised concerns about the quality of employment land available, but recommended that most un-used allocated land was suitable, and should be re-allocated. The Council wishes to provide a diverse stock of employment land and premises to support a broad based economy and sustainable economic growth, which maximises opportunities for local people. This requires a good supply of land in a choice of locations to make the district is as attractive as possible to a wide range of potential employers. Additionally the Council’s Study predicted considerable office growth and that current provision, particularly in the south, would be tight.

The need to reduce out-commuting - As detailed above, over half of East Cambridgeshire workers leave the district to work, and most travel by car. Increased local employment opportunities will help to reduce out-commuting. However, securing a reduction in commuting flows may mean more local jobs are required than forecast if the proportion of out-commuting of existing and future residents is to be decreased.

The need for flexibility in employment land provision – Predicting the amount of floorspace required by different businesses in the future is difficult.The amount of land predicted in the Council’s Study is derived from jobs forecasts which are policy neutral. 32 However, the Council is aiming to increase employment growth, thus the jobs forecast should not be relied upon in isolation. Additionally the jobs growth figures are net jobs, and this may understate land requirements, as sites released by company closures are not always attractive to other employment uses.

v The Development of Policy E2. ‘A Report Commenting on the development, Format and Content of Policy E2’ (now policy E1 in the emerging RSS) (September 2005) Annex 4. Based on Experian Business Strategies Recent employment land take - Between 1999 and 2008 almost 34 hectares (net) have

been taken up for employment use in the district, an average of 3.75 ha per annum, ategy and growth has been particularly strong in the land-hungry sector of warehousing and distribution. If growth continues at this rate to 2025 then approximately 64 hectares would be needed.

Taking account of existing vacant employment land – A large parcel of 20 hectares of idgeshire Core Str land at Sutton has been vacant for some time, but 17 hectares has recently (2008) been approved for development. Implementation of the permission will reduce land

stock considerably. East Cambr

2.4.4.7 It is proposed that approximately 61 hectares of employment land will be identified and allocated in future site specific Development Plan Documents. Current unused employment allocations will be re-assessed in terms of their suitability, and other new sites will be identified for employment uses. At present there is an estimated 16.8 hectares of land on current employment sites which is unused and identified by the Council’s Employment Land and Labour Market Study as suitable for employment purposes – and could therefore potentially be re-allocated. It is therefore estimated that approximately 45 hectares will additionally be required on new allocation sites. All sites (old and new) will be assessed against the criteria in Policy CS4.

Distribution

2.4.4.8 Policy CS4 indicates how the estimated 45 hectares of new B1/B2/B8 employment allocations should be broadly distributed between settlements.The distribution reflects the LDF locational strategy set out in Policy CS1, and seeks to provide new employment opportunities in places that are sustainable and economically competitive. The majority of land allocations are proposed on the edge of Ely, as it is the largest and most sustainable settlement. New allocations are also proposed in Soham, Burwell, Bottisham. New allocations are not proposed in Littleport, or in the Key Service Centres of Sutton, Haddenham and Newmarket Fringe. In the case of Littleport and Sutton, there is considered to be sufficient outstanding employment land in these settlements, and there are limited requirements for new large-scale employment sites in Haddenham. Newmarket is physically constrained by stud land and no allocations are proposed due to a lack of available sites.

Phasing

2.4.4.9 In some cases the level of growth proposed may not be possible without improvements in supporting infrastructure, particularly utility provision. It may therefore be necessary to phase the delivery of B1/B2/B8 allocation sites, until improvements can be made. Details of infrastructure requirements and suggested phasing which may be needed in different settlements is set out in Chapter 4 of the Core Strategy. The schedule is based on current estimates of funding and programme of works. If infrastructure can be delivered earlier than 33 anticipated, it may be possible to bring forward development earlier. This matter will be the subject of on-going monitoring, and will also be re-examined as part of the preparation of future site specific Development Plan Documents. East Cambr Delivery

2.4.4.10 The LDF needs to consider how employment opportunities can be delivered. This will very much depend on economic factors outside the remit of the planning system, but ensuring idgeshire Core Str that allocated land is available and appropriate for various types of employment use gives some certainty to land owners and developers. Provision of employment land will be monitored in the Annual Monitoring Report with the aim of meeting identified needs and demand and maintaining sufficient supply of deliverable sites.

ategy 2.4.4.11 The table below summarises how and where B1/B2/B8 employment land is likely to be delivered in East Cambridgeshire over the Plan period between 2006 and 2025. It includes details relating to potential new allocations, plus estimates of capacity on current unused employment allocations which could potentially be suitable for re-allocation. It also includes details of outstanding commitments, and large employment sites which have vacant areas of more than 0.5 hectares.

Table 2.2 Summary of estimated B1/B2/B8 employment land supply 2006 to 2025 (in hectares)

Settlement Completions Outstanding Large Current Potential Total 2006-2008 commitments at unallocated unused new areas (net) 31.03.08 sites with employment for (excluding capacity of allocations – allocation development 0.5 ha+ estimated under suitable construction) capacity

Market Towns

Ely 2.49 13.61 2 30 48.10

Soham -5.39 -0.51 11.00 5.10

Littleport 7.39 0.44 8.90 16.73

Key Service Centres

Bottisham 0.03 1 1.03

Burwell -0.17 1.59 1.50 2.50 5.42

Haddenham 2.22 2.22

Newmarket -0.08 4.23 4.15 Fringe

Sutton 0.52 0.63 20 21.15

Limited Service Centres (LSCs)

Fordham 0.60 0.22 6.4 7.22 34 Other LSCs 1.06 0.56 1.62 Other areas 0.38 3.06 3.45

TOTAL 6.83 26.05 22 16.80 44.50 116.20 2.4.4.12 Policy CS4 provides further spatial direction for approximately 45 hectares of new B1/B2/B8

allocations which may be required, indicating broad locations around each settlement where ategy new allocations should take place. These broad areas are identified by arrows in the Proposals Map, and their selection has been informed by an assessment of their suitability, deliverability and availability for employment development. Further details of this assessment can be viewed in the accompanying background paper ‘Broad Areas of Search for New Development’. The specific boundaries of these broad areas of search will be identified and allocated in future site specific Development Plan Documents. Allocations will be at idgeshire Core Str least 0.5 hectares in area, which is classified as a major development, as such sites are likely to need local infrastructure requirements, which must be planned for. East Cambr 2.4.4.13 Site allocations should be made for B1, B2 and B8 uses in the main to provide as much flexibility as possible. However, whilst light and general industrial uses (B1c and B2) will generally be appropriate throughout the district (depending on scale and amenity implications), the location of office development and warehousing development may be best in certain locations. Office development (B1a) is considered by Government guidance to be a ‘town centre use’, and should therefore be encouraged to locate in the centre of Market Towns and Key Service Centres, provided it is in scale with the settlement. If no suitable central sites are available then edge of centre and then out of centre locations will need to be considered, in accordance with Government policy in PPS6 ‘Planning for Town Centres’. Account also needs to be taken of the recommendations in the Council’s Employment Study, which indicates that there is a particular need for office development in Ely and in the south of the district (where it is close to Cambridge and can cater for the skills of the population), and that warehousing, storage and distribution uses (B8) need to be located close to the A14 to ensure easier access to the national road network and meet the needs of businesses. Policy CS4 seeks to reflect these issues, and proposes a mix of B1, B2 and B8 use on most sites – but indicates that land at Lancaster Way in Ely should mainly be used for general industrial purposes (B2).

Policy CS 4

Employment

Opportunities for jobs growth in the district will be maximised with the aim of achieving 6,200 additional jobs (as forecast in the Council’s Employment Land and Labour Market Study Update 2008). Job growth will be achieved via policies for tourism, retail and the rural economy, as well as provision of employment land.

The Council will seek to retain land and premises currently or last in use for B1/B2/B8 employment purposes, and proposals for change of use will be assessed against criteria in Policy EC1.

A range of sites and premises will be made available for B1/B2/B8 employment development through the allocation of approximately 61 hectares of employment land on the edge of Market Towns and Key Service Centres, in order to increase the choice of sites available and to address 35 the self-containment of settlements in terms of homes/jobs balance. Current unused B1/B2/B8 employment allocation sites will be re-assessed in terms of their suitability, and other new allocations will be made. Sites will be identified in future site specific Development Plan Documents, and will be assessed against the following selection criteria:

1. Fit with the Council’s spatial strategy (in terms of distribution and scale) 2. The size of the settlement and scale of housing growth proposed East Cambr 3. Distance (by foot/cycle) to town/village centre and key services and facilities (open space, Doctors surgery, primary school, and local shops) 4. Availability of and accessibility to public transport services

idgeshire Core Str 5. Site suitability in terms of physical constraints (e.g. access, flood risk) 6. Impact on natural assets or cultural heritage 7. Impact in terms of urban/landscape character, and setting of settlements 8. Infrastructure capacity 9. Availability and deliverability of sites

ategy 10. Market activity/demand 11. Size of site – at least half a hectare or 500m2 floorspace 12. New office allocations only - priority should be given to locations in the centre of Market Towns and Key Service Centres (of an appropriate scale to the settlement), then edge of centre, then out of centre sites 13. For warehousing/distribution allocations only – priority will be given to locations close to the A14 and main trunk road network

Allocations will be phased in order to allow necessary infrastructure to be put in place to support development.

New B1/B2/B8 allocations will be required in addition to the re-allocation of current unused employment allocations, and it is proposed that these new areas should be broadly distributed as follows:

Ely Approximately 30 hectares for B1/B2/B8 use, on land south-east of Lancaster Way, with the majority to be provided for B2 use.

Soham Approximately 11 hectares for B1/B2/B8 use, on land east of the bypass.

Bottisham Approximately 1 hectare for B1 use, on land adjacent to Tunbridge Lane Business Park.

Burwell Approximately 2.5 hectares for B1/B2/B8 use, on land south of Reach Road.

Employment development should be focused within settlements and on allocation sites. However, the rural economy will be supported by allowing appropriate windfall proposals in the countryside relating to:

Extensions to existing businesses in the countryside (see Policy EC2) Re-use or replacement of buildings in the countryside (see Policy EC3) Farm diversification schemes (see Policy EC5) 36 Small-scale new buildings on the edge of settlements (see Policy EC6) Offices are defined as a ‘town centre use’ in Government guidance. Windfall proposals will therefore also need to be assessed against the terms of Policy S1.

The tourist industry will be supported by encouraging new accommodation and attractions, and retaining hotels. Proposals should demonstrate that they will not have a significant detrimental effect on the environment. 2.4.5 CS5 - Retail and town centre uses ategy 2.4.5.1 Town and village centres are at the heart of our communities, and provide a focus where people shop, work, live and visit. It is important that these centres are vibrant and attractive environments, and offer a range of retail, leisure and other ‘town centre uses’ which meet the needs of the community and visitors. Successful centres can help to improve the quality of people’s lives, boost the local economy, and reduce the need to travel by concentrating development in accessible locations. Promoting the health of the district’s town and village idgeshire Core Str centres is also one of the aims of the Council’s Sustainable Community Strategy, and one of the key strategic objectives underpinning the Core Strategy (as set out in section 2.3.10

above). East Cambr

2.4.5.2 Government guidance in PPS6 recognises the importance of increasing the vitality and viability of town centres, by making them a focus for development, and encouraging a wide range of services in an attractive environment.The guidance defines the type of uses which should be focused in town centres (‘town centre uses’), and this includes shops, leisure and entertainment facilities and intensive sport and recreation uses (including cinemas, bars and pubs, restaurants, nightclubs, sports centres, swimming pools, and indoor bowling centres), offices, and development related to the arts, culture and tourism (including theatres, museums, art galleries and hotels).

2.4.5.3 It is apparent that the provision of these services and facilities varies considerably between different settlements in the district. Whilst many uses are concentrated in the district’s town centres, there are also ‘town centre’ services and facilities in village centres and elsewhere – although these tend to be smaller scale and focused on meeting local and daily community needs. Government guidance encourages authorities to identify a hierarchy of centres, in order to provide an appropriate distribution of functions and ensure that people’s everyday needs are met at the local level. The hierarchy in Policy CS5 has been developed with regard to the services and facilities in each of the centres, and the Settlement Hierarchy identified in Policy CS1.

2.4.5.4 Ely is identified in Policy CS5 as the main town centre in the district, as it acts as a service centre for a wide catchment area, whilst Soham and Littleport are identified as secondary town centres, as they offer a more limited range of shops and services serving a more localised rural catchment. The policy seeks to make Ely a focus for major new retail and leisure development in the district, whilst promoting more limited retail and leisure development in Soham and Littleport which is focused on local needs and aids regeneration. Village centres in the district play an important role in providing for day to day convenience and local needs, and the LDF will look to protect and support this role. In the countryside, development will be strictly controlled in accordance with Government guidance in PPS7 and other policies in this Plan. Retail and other ‘town centre uses’ will only be permitted in exceptional circumstances in the countryside – for example, on out of town sites which meet the terms of Policy S1 (e.g. where it can be demonstrated that need is proven and there are no more central suitable and available sites); or for example small-scale farm shops linked to farm diversification schemes which meet the terms of Policy EC5. 37

2.4.5.5 Within the market towns, new ‘town centre uses’ should be focused in the town centre itself wherever possible. The town centre boundaries for Ely, Soham and Littleport are shown in the Proposals Map, along with a defined ‘Primary Retail Frontage’ in Ely where there is a greater concentration of retail units (Use Class A1). The strategic approach to town centre uses in Policy CS5 should be read in conjunction with Policies S1, S2, S3 and EC9 in Chapter 3, which set out the Council’s approach to dealing with windfall applications for East Cambr new retail and town centre uses in the district, change of use to non-retail in the defined town centres, the retention of community services and facilities, and the location of hotel accommodation.

idgeshire Core Str 2.4.5.6 The level and type of retail provision in town centres is particularly key to their health and viability. As part of LDF production, Government guidance in PPS6 requires local authorities to assess qualitative issues and quantitative requirements for additional retail floorspace to meet future needs. The Council’s Retail Study (produced in 2005 and partially updated in March 2008 and again in April 2009) concluded that there is a need for an additional 1000m2 2

ategy - 2600m of convenience (food and drink) floorspace to support the predicted population increase over the Plan period – depending on the economic growth rate. The Study recommends that the Council could plan for an average of this (about 1800m2), and that approximately 50% of this should be provided in Ely, with the remainder split between Soham (30%) and Littleport (20%). The Study also concluded that there will be a need for approximately 8500m2 of additional comparison (non-food) floorspace in Ely over the Plan period. Sites to accommodate these levels of convenience and comparison floorspace provision will be allocated in future site specific Development Plan Documents wherever possible. In planning for comparison floorspace it is proposed that allocations should be phased in line with population increase, in order to ensure that growth is linked to expenditure capacity in the local population. This will be explored in future site specific Development Plan Documents, and will need to take account of the phasing periods recommended in the Council’s Retail Study and indicated in Policy CS5 below.The Council’s Retail Study indicates that there is a need for nearly 3000m2 (net) of additional comparison floorspace up to 2016, about 2500m2 between 2016 and 2021, and about 3000m2 between 2021 and 2025 (as summarised in Table 3.2 in the Retail Study).

2.4.5.7 The Council’s Retail Study is based upon the predicted population increase in the District over the Plan period. Any significant additional housing and population growth above Regional Spatial Strategy levels will increase the need for additional retail floorspace. It is also important to note that, whilst Policy CS5 seeks to plan for and allocate additional floorspace, this would not preclude applications for additional floorspace from coming forward, and being assessed against the terms of the windfall Policy S1 in Chapter 3. Retail needs and population increases will need to be carefully monitored, and any necessary updates/review instigated of this part of the Core Strategy.

2.4.5.8 As stated above, additional retail floorspace will need to be provided within identified town centres wherever possible. Policy CS5 identifies the Council’s preferred search sequence, if sites are required outside the town centres of Ely and Soham. In Ely, the area on the northern edge of the city centre is recognised as the main opportunity area for an extension of the city centre. In Soham, there is potential for the redevelopment/regeneration of the area to the east of the town centre, and this area should take priority if there are no suitable and available sites within the town centre. Littleport town centre is tightly constrained by residential development, and there are no obvious opportunities for edge of centre development. 38 2.4.5.9 The Council’s Sports Facilities and Open Spaces Assessment (2005) concludes that there will be a need for new sports hall and swimming pool provision in the district over the Plan period, to support predicted population growth. This provision is proposed in Ely, reflecting its role as the main service centre in the district. The Council’s Leisure Needs Assessment (2007) sought to assess the most appropriate location in Ely for this provision, taking account of facility requirements, site suitability, and deliverability issues. The Study concluded that provision would be best achieved on land to the north of the A10 and to the west of Downham

Road. A specific site for the facility will be identified in a future site specific Development ategy Plan Document, and will take account of this evidence base and advice in PPS6.

Policy CS 5

Retail and town centre uses idgeshire Core Str

The town centres of Ely, Soham and Littleport will be strengthened and regenerated as the focus of sustainable communities in East Cambridgeshire. Support will be given to uses and activities East Cambr which sustain and improve their vitality and viability, character and attractiveness – and lead to centres becoming more vibrant and economically successful.

Ely is identified as the ‘Major Town Centre’ in the district, and will act as the main focus for shopping, leisure, and cultural development in East Cambridgeshire. Large-scale retail and leisure development, or other uses that attract large numbers of people should be located in Ely.

Soham and Littleport are identified as ‘Secondary Town Centres’, which act as service centres for smaller rural catchment areas. In these centres, support will be given to development which is focused on meeting local needs and supporting town centre regeneration.

Support will be given to the continued role of ‘Local Centres’ (existing village centres) in providing for local and daily service needs of their community. In the Countryside, retail, leisure and commercial development will be limited to exceptions permitted under other policies in this Plan.

In order to maintain and promote the vitality of the district’s town centres, provision will be made to accommodate additional retail floorspace over the Plan period. Retail provision should be focused in identified town centres wherever possible. The Council will seek to allocate the following amount of floorspace, according to the broad distribution below. There may be scope for additional retail floorspace beyond the levels specified below if this can deliver increased market shares for Ely, Soham or Littleport whilst maintaining or enhancing the vitality and viability of their town centres. Opportunity sites will be identified in future site specific Development Plan Documents. Development proposals which are made in addition to these levels will be assessed against the terms of Policy S1.

Ely

1. Approximately 900m2 (net) of convenience retail floorspace 2. Approximately 8500m2 (net) of comparison retail floorspace, to be provided in a mix of unit sizes and meeting qualitative needs for a range of goods. Allocations will need to be phased as necessary, taking account of deliverability and recommendations in the Council’s Retail Study (as set out in paragraph 2.4.5.6 above)

Soham Approximately 550m2 (net) of convenience retail floorspace 39

Littleport Approximately 350m2 (net) of convenience retail floorspace East Cambr In Ely there is a lack of available land within the existing core of the city centre to cater for all the possible additional floorspace, due to its historic fabric.The main opportunity for the expansion of the city centre is on the northern edge. This could provide the opportunity for high quality

idgeshire Core Str mixed use development, including significant retail floorspace and other town centre uses, with good walking links to the existing shopping core.

In Soham there are likely to be opportunities for the redevelopment of land within and immediately adjoining the town centre. Retail opportunities should be focused in the town centre first, but as a second choice should be accommodated on land immediately adjoining the eastern boundary

ategy of the town centre.

A requirement has been identified for additional sports hall and swimming pool provision to be provided in the district over the Plan period. This provision will be made in Ely, reflecting its role as the ‘Major Town Centre’ in the district. A specific site will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document. Regard will be had to the Council's Leisure Study and PPS6.

2.4.6 CS6 - Environment

2.4.6.1 One of the principle aims of the planning system is to ensure that development is as ‘sustainable’ as possible. As part of this approach, new development must seek to limit impact on the global environment, and protect and enhance the local built and natural environment – whilst providing suitable living/working environments for people.These issues are reflected in a number of the key LDF strategic objectives identified in section 2.3 above.

2.4.6.2 New development can limit the impact on the global environment by minimising resource use (particularly non-renewable sources including fuels, land, water and minerals), increasing energy efficiency, and reducing carbon emissions. The spatial strategy in Policy CS1 plays a key role by seeking to locate development in settlements with a range of services and facilities, therefore reducing the need to travel (and therefore carbon emissions). Other policies in the Development Control Chapter seek to minimise environmental impact by promoting sustainable methods of construction, greater energy efficiency, the use of renewable energy, and by requiring development proposals to make the best use of land.

2.4.6.3 The district contains significant areas of land which are below or just above current sea level, and are at risk of flooding. The Development Control chapter contains a policy which seeks to restrict inappropriate development in these areas, in order to reduce risks to property and people.

2.4.6.4 East Cambridgeshire has an attractive natural and built environment which adds to the quality of people's lives, and supports a thriving tourism industry. Particular features which contribute to the quality of East Cambridgeshire includes a number of internationally important sites for wildlife, an extensive network of rivers and wetlands, part of the Cambridge Green 40 Belt, Conservation Areas, and a large number of Listed Buildings including and the monastic enclosure. Natural and built environmental designations are shown in the Proposals Map as listed in Appendix 5 of the Core Strategy. Policy CS6 highlights the strategic need to protect and enhance the natural and built environment, and the local distinctiveness of the district. The policy also highlights the need to improve the biodiversity and landscape value of the district, and encourage greater public access. In relation to this the policy refers to Strategic Areas of Greenspace Enhancement (identified in the Proposals Map), where it will be particularly important to take co-ordinated action with statutory and other agencies.These areas reflect the target areas for habitat creation in the Cambridgeshire

Structure Plan (2003) and the priority areas for strategic green infrastructure creation (which ategy includes Wicken Fen and a potential Ely Country Park) identified in the Cambridge Sub-Region Green Infrastructure Strategy (2006).The Development Control Chapter contains related environmental policies which seek to ensure that new development schemes:

Protect existing open space, and provide for new open space and/or an enhanced network of greenspaces idgeshire Core Str Protect biodiversity and geological assets, and provide for enhancements and/or any necessary mitigation

Protect and enhance the character of the countryside, landscapes, townscapes and East Cambr the district’s built heritage Incorporate high standards of sustainable design and construction

Policy CS 6

Environment

All new development should contribute to the delivery of sustainable development, by being designed and located to minimise carbon emissions and the use of non-renewable resources, mitigate/adapt to future climate change, provide attractive and safe places for people, and protect and enhance the quality of the natural and built environment.

Opportunities to minimise air, land and water pollution and improve should be taken wherever possible, and development will be encouraged to make maximum use of renewable energy sources. New development will also be expected to minimise the exposure of people and property to flooding.

Open spaces and amenity areas will be protected against loss or harm, and opportunities will be taken to enhance quality, promote access (particularly by non-car modes), and expand to contribute to green networks. New development proposals will be expected to incorporate open space and high quality landscaping to provide attractive environments for people and wildlife.

Support will be given to the protection and enhancement of biodiversity in the district, including designated sites of nature conservation importance. Priority habitats and species will be protected, and development proposals will be expected to maximise the retention of biodiversity and landscape features, and incorporate measures to enhance biodiversity and mitigate against losses.

In the identified Strategic Areas of Greenspace Enhancement, co-ordinated action will be taken with statutory and other agencies to improve their biodiversity and landscape value, and to promote schemes supporting quiet recreational activity. Development proposals in these areas will need to contribute to these objectives, and enhance the biodiversity, landscape and recreational values of these areas. 41 The quality and distinctiveness of East Cambridgeshire’s towns and villages and landscapes will be conserved and enhanced. Historically or architecturally important buildings, areas and landscapes will be protected from loss or harm, and enhanced wherever possible. All development proposals will be encouraged to incorporate innovative and locally distinctive design, and will be expected to provide attractive and safe environments which are accessible to all. East Cambr 2.4.7 CS7 - Infrastructure

2.4.7.1 It is important that local communities are served by appropriate levels of infrastructure (vi) and community services and facilities (vii) in order to ensure the quality of people’s lives, idgeshire Core Str and minimise harm to the environment. Policy CS7 seeks to list some of the key requirements which will be needed to support growth and meet the objectives of the Core Strategy. This list is not exhaustive.

2.4.7.2 New development proposals can create additional demand for infrastructure and community

ategy services/facilities. The planning system can be used to help secure contributions from developers towards the provision of infrastructure and services/facilities, or to secure compensatory provision for any loss or damage created. This is currently secured through legal agreements known as planning obligations. Details of the Council’s approach to developer contributions is set out in Policy S4 in the Development Control Chapter, and an accompanying Supplementary Planning Document. The Council is currently in the process of preparing an Infrastructure Investment Strategy which will help to inform the SPD and future negotiations with developers.

2.4.7.3 Infrastructure and community services/facilities in East Cambridgeshire are mainly provided by other agencies and service providers, rather than the District Council. For example, water and energy provision by utility companies, education and social services by the County Council, health provision by the Primary Care Trust, affordable housing by Registered Social Landlords, and Village Halls and sports provision by Parish Councils and community trusts. However, the District Council has an important role to play in helping to co-ordinate with these providers to ensure that the requirements of growth are recognised in their development plans, and ensuring that provision is made in step with new development.The District Council is also likely to be involved in particular initiatives and projects of its own, or in association with other providers, to improve or increase community services/facilities. In the past this has included schemes relating to the provision and upgrade of new sports facilities, the provision of new community transport schemes, new carparks and improvements to the walking/cycling network, and the provision of arts services to the local community.

2.4.7.4 The planning system can also be used to help secure the retention of existing infrastructure and services/facilities, either by preventing change of use, or by requiring on-site retention as part of new development schemes. This approach is supported by several policies in the Development Control chapter, including Policy S3 which seeks the retention of important community services and facilities, and Policy S2 which seeks the retention of the retail function in town centres. The planning system can also help to facilitate the provision of new strategic infrastructure or services/facilities, by identifying and safeguarding sites for development.

2.4.7.5 It is considered essential that new development does not take place without adequate provision of infrastructure. The lack of essential infrastructure to support a scheme, such as water, energy supply or drainage could have significant effects on the quality of people’s 42 lives and on the environment. Particular infrastructure constraints have been taken into account in the formulation of the strategic policies in this Plan, and are outlined in more detail in Chapter 4 on ‘Infrastructure, Implementation and Monitoring’. New development schemes will only be appropriate if there is adequate existing infrastructure in place, or

vi Infrastructure is defined as utility services (water supply, foul sewerage treatment works, and energy provision) drainage/flood protection, and the transport network vii Community services and facilities includes open space, sport and recreational facilities, affordable housing, education, health, public transport services and cultural services. See Policy S4 for further details. where arrangements can be put in place for the required improvements. This latter route

may involve developers making provision or contributions towards infrastructure, or working ategy with infrastructure providers to ensure that improvements are provided in step with development.

Policy CS 7 idgeshire Core Str Infrastructure

There should be appropriate infrastructure and community services and facilities in place to East Cambr serve the needs of new development schemes and to deliver the objectives of the Core Strategy. Key requirements include the following (this list is not exhaustive):

Provision of two new primary schools in Ely, a new primary school in Soham, a new primary school in Littleport, a new secondary school in either Ely or Littleport, and other enhancements to education provision across the district Improvements, extensions and relocations of facilities across the district as required Transport improvements, including major improvements to the A142 between Angel Drove and the Stuntney Causeway in Ely, enhanced rail capacity, and enhanced public transport and walking and cycling links within and between settlements The provision of a Country Park in Ely, and other improvements in open space provision across the district A new leisure centre in Ely, and other improvements to leisure and recreational provision across the district Improvements to existing and, where required, provision of new health care facilities across the district Public realm enhancements in the Market Towns

Adequate provision of infrastructure and community services and facilities will be provided through: Developer contributions and planning obligations (supported by Policy S4 and a Supplementary Planning Document). Where enhanced infrastructure, and/or community services and facilities are needed to service a new development, either individually or cumulatively, that development should contribute to the enhancements required The programmes of relevant agencies or service providers, such as the Local Highways Authority, Network Rail and the train operating companies, the Local Education Authority, , other utility companies, and the Primary Care Trust – or through District Council initiatives or partnership working Protection and enhancement of existing provision/facilities where possible Identification of land in future site specific Development Plan Documents for the provision of new strategic infrastructure. 43 In the case of infrastructure, permission for development will not be granted unless there is sufficient capacity in existing infrastructure to meet the additional requirements arising from the new development, or suitable arrangements having been put in place for necessary improvements. East Cambr 2.4.8 CS8 - Access

2.4.8.1 An integrated approach to transport and land use planning will be taken in order to achieve the aspirations of sustainable development, as set out in the vision and strategy. Regard idgeshire Core Str will also be had to the strategies set out in the Local Transport Plan. The main objective is to reduce the need to travel, particularly by car, by providing new development in accessible locations, integrated with public transport and walking and cycling networks to enhance accessibility.The spatial strategy in CS1 is designed to achieve this, by locating development in the larger and more sustainable settlements. Other development control policies will help

ategy to ensure that opportunities for walking and cycling are maximised, and that appropriate links are provided. This can also help to bring health benefits for people, and reduce traffic impacts. As East Cambridgeshire is a rural area it is not possible to totally eliminate car dependency but more sustainable patterns of development should help to support more sustainable travel patterns in the future.The Council will also work in partnership with public transport providers to support public transport initiatives, particularly for communities in rural areas, or along the main commuting routes.

2.4.8.2 New development can impact on road safety, contribute to congestion, and create new transport demands. Policies in the development control chapter will seek to ensure that the full impact of development schemes are assessed, and require that schemes are designed and located to provide safe access, avoid overloading the existing transport network, and include the provision of infrastructure improvements where necessary (for example, developer contributions to bus services, or local highway infrastructure).

2.4.8.3 New growth in East Cambridgeshire is likely to create demand for strategic and local transport infrastructure improvements in the district. Responsibility for transport strategy lies primarily with Cambridgeshire County Council as the Highways Authority. However, the Core Strategy is required to identify the broad range of infrastructure improvements needed to support the delivery of growth. This information is set out in Chapter 4, and has been provided by the County Council.The District Council will seek to work in partnership with the County Council to support initiatives for improvements to the strategic and local transport infrastructure, where this would improve the environment and the quality of people’s lives, improve connectivity, and help deliver a sustainable transport network.

44 Policy CS 8 ategy

Access

Development and transport planning will be co-ordinated to improve accessibility for the whole community, reduce the need to travel by car, and increase public transport use, cycling and walking. This will involve: idgeshire Core Str

Ensuring development is located where it is most accessible and can help to increase the use of non-car modes East Cambr Managing travel demand, reducing air pollution and enhancing road safety through the control of development Creating attractive environments which are accessible, and provide links to the wider transport network Assessing the transport impact of development and seeking the provision of necessary infrastructure from developers where required Supporting strategic and local transport infrastructure proposals which provide an improved environment and enhanced quality of life, improve connectivity within the district and to other areas, and help to deliver a sustainable transport network that supports East Cambridgeshire’s long-term growth.

45 East Cambr 2.4.9 Key diagram idgeshire Core Str ategy

46 2.5 Town strategies ategy 2.5.1 The market towns of Ely, Soham and Littleport are the main service and commercial centres in the district, and contain the majority of the district’s population. The spatial vision for the district, outlined in section 2.3, indicates that these towns will continue to provide a focus for future development and the creation of sustainable communities in East Cambridgeshire.

2.5.2 In addition to an overall vision for the district, section 2.3 outlines a vision for each of the idgeshire Core Str market towns, reflecting their different roles, needs, character, and capacity to accommodate additional development. This section seeks to draw together the key developments that will be needed to ensure that the individual vision for each of the towns is fulfilled. They are East Cambr based on the contents of strategic Policies CS1 to CS8, and are intended to provide clear direction on the spatial growth of each of the district’s towns.

2.5.1 CS9 - Ely

2.5.1.1 Ely is the largest settlement in East Cambridgeshire, and the main service and employment centre in the district. It is the focus of a reasonable level of public transport provision. Its characteristics lead to it being proposed as the main location for new housing and employment development within the district. It will continue to thrive as a historic cathedral city of distinctive quality and will be the main focus for housing, employment and retail growth in East Cambridgeshire.

2.5.1.2 Ely has the highest level of self-containment in the district, with 45.3% of its residents working within the City (from the Council's Land and Labour Market Study). However, this proportion is far lower than most of the other Market Towns in the Cambridge Sub-Region, and the City appears to partly function as a dormitory town for commuters to Cambridge and other places. Evidence from the 2001 Census and the Ely Estates Survey (2002 and 2007) indicates that most new residents commute long distances to work, with the vast majority travelling by car. There is a need to increase employment opportunities in the town and to provide a better range of jobs, in order to increase the level of self-containment, and reduce out-commuting. Accordingly a significant level of new employment floorspace is proposed in the Ely area.

2.5.1.3 Ely is the most sustainable settlement in the district, offering access to a range of shops and services, and therefore a significant element of new housing provision is proposed. There are some opportunities for the redevelopment of brownfield sites within the City, and on land adjacent to the riverside where mixed use redevelopment can aid the regeneration of these areas. But this supply is limited and therefore some housing is proposed on new greenfield land to the north of the City. If any additional land outside the settlement boundary is needed to meet the housing requirement, this will be identified in the site specific Development Plan Document.

2.5.1.4 Ely has the largest town centre in the district, and with a good mix of retail, leisure and commercial uses it is relatively healthy. However, the Council’s Retail Study (2009) identifies 47 a need for additional comparison and convenience floorspace in the City, to meet the needs of its future shopping catchment and increases in population.The town centre is constrained by its historic character (being in a Conservation Area and containing a significant number of Listed Buildings), and most of the additional floorspace is unlikely to be accommodated here. The Council has identified that the main opportunity for expansion of the town centre is on the northern edge, providing mixed use development incorporating retail, leisure and housing provision in an accessible location. There are also areas where the townscape of East Cambr the town centre could be improved and regenerated, and pedestrian and cycling links could be enhanced. Environmental improvements to the town centre and other parts of the City should also help to boost the tourist economy.

idgeshire Core Str 2.5.1.5 The growth proposed for Ely will need to be supported by improvements to strategic and local infrastructure – including two new primary schools, a new leisure centre, enhancements to the Sewage Treatment Works, upgrading of health care facilities, and major improvements to the A142 between Angel Drove and Stuntney Causeway (see paragraph 2.5.1.6 below) as well as other improvements to highway/walking/cycling/public transport networks. The

ategy County Council has also identified that a new secondary school will be required to serve Ely and Littleport, and that a site will need to be identified in either Ely or Littleport. The County Council is in the process of consulting on the matter and is likely to take a decision on the strategic location of the school by early 2010. Another key priority is the provision of a new Country Park on the eastern side of the City, to provide much needed strategic open space for people in Ely and the north-east part of the district. The Country Park should also help to protect the unique landscape and biodiversity of this area, and provide an attractive setting to the City.

2.5.1.6 Projected increase in rail traffic through Ely is likely to lead to increasing congestion around the A142 to the north of Ely station. This will have environmental and road safety impacts on the local road network and will cause increased severance between the station area and the city centre. Significant numbers of bridge strikes and level crossing barrier strikes currently impact on the delivery and cost of both passenger and freight services. Major improvements to the road are needed, and any project will need to deliver the following:

To support the delivery of increased levels of freight and passenger rail services. To relieve increased congestion on the A142 Station Road/Stuntney Causeway in the vicinity of the railway as a result of the above and of increased development traffic. To support Network Rail in improving the reliability of rail services by reducing or removing the possibility of bridge and level crossing strikes. To maintain the ability of the A142 as part of the Primary Road Network to facilitate the movement of all traffic, and avoid the need for HGV traffic to utilise other less suitable routes. To minimise the impact on the natural environment To minimise the impact on the landscape and setting of Ely and its cathedral, including quintessential views as identified in the Ely Environmental Capacity Study (2001)

2.5.1.7 The following further aims will be incorporated in any design scheme:

To improve walking and cycling routes between the city centre and the rail station To help facilitate the provision of high quality public transport links to the rail station To make the station area an attractive gateway for Ely by removing the negative 48 environmental and visual aspects of the current situation. Policy CS 9 ategy

Ely

The City of Ely is designated as a ‘Market Town’ and the ‘Major Town Centre’ in the district. Ely will continue to be a thriving historic cathedral city of distinctive quality and will be the main focus for housing, employment and retail growth in East Cambridgeshire. idgeshire Core Str

Between 2001 and 2025 approximately 3,400 dwellings will be built as set out in Table 2.1. This will include about 500 dwellings on a new greenfield allocation to the north of the City East Cambr (to the east of the Princess of Wales Hospital). In addition to the provision for approximately 3,400 dwellings, potential allocations that could help address the shortfall of 483 dwellings identified in CS2 and Table 2.1 will be explored and sites will be identified in the site-specific Development Plan Document as appropriate. This may require allocation of additional land outside the settlement boundary.

Opportunities will be explored for the re-location of the Cresswell's Lane Sewage Treatment Works and the re-development of the area to the south-east of Lisle Lane to provide approximately 150-250 dwellings and a small element of high quality B1 employment development. Land for this housing/mixed use scheme will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document. A site for a new sewage treatment works will need to be identified as part of the production of the County Council's Minerals and Waste Local Development Framework.

Opportunities to redevelop other sites for residential development within the settlement boundary will be explored, and sites will be allocated in a future site specific Development Plan Document.

Ely's cultural heritage will be preserved and enhanced as part of the strategy and opportunities to raise the quality of the riverside area, the station gateway area, the town centre and the cathedral area will also be explored. These are areas where appearance, informal recreation and pedestrian access is crucial to the town’s attractiveness to residents and visitors. Where this involves the redevelopment of sites, these will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document.

Approximately 30 hectares of new employment land will be identified for B1/B2/B8 employment uses, on land to the south-east of Lancaster Way Business Park

Suitable sites for development of new retail floorspace will be allocated in a future site specific Development Plan Document, of sufficient size to accommodate approximately 8,500m2 of comparison net retail floorspace and 900m2 of convenience net retail floorspace. An expansion to the city centre on the northern edge provides the main opportunity.

Land to accommodate two new primary schools will be identified in a future site specific 49 Development Plan Document.There will also be a need to identify a site for a new secondary school in either Ely or Littleport.

A site for a new leisure centre (sports hall and swimming pool) will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document. Regard will be had to the Council's Lesiure Study and PPS6. East Cambr Improvements to the sewage treatment facilities in the City will be required in order to facilitate development on new greenfield sites. Improvements may also be required to facilitate change of use on large brownfield sites, if a scheme would result in a significant

idgeshire Core Str increase in discharge to the sewer. Anglian Water will seek to ensure that the required improvements to sewage treatment facilities in Ely are completed by 2015.

Enhanced local health care facilities will be provided in the town. This is likely to involve the extension of the GP surgery at the Princess of Wales Hospital or its relocation to an alternative site, and upgrading of other facilities at POW Hospital. Detailed assessment

ategy may also indicate that an additional new GP facility is required to serve Ely.

A Country Park will be created in the vicinity of Roswell Pits and the river area, to co-ordinate the provision and management of public paths, open spaces and wildlife areas.The Country Park will provide a high quality wildlife, recreational and landscape resource for East Cambs residents and visitors, and will form part of a larger strategic network of green infrastructure. The site will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document.

Major improvements to the A142 between Angel Drove and Stuntney Causeway to relieve congestion, improve road safety and to provide improved walking, cycling and public transport links between Ely rail station and town centre, while at the same time protecting the setting of Ely and its cathedral.

2.5.2 CS10 - Soham

2.5.2.1 Soham is the second largest settlement in the district, and acts as a local service centre to a small rural catchment area. The town has some employment opportunities, but has a low level of self-containment, with most people commuting to work in Cambridge and elsewhere. There has been little recent economic development in Soham, and allocated employment areas have failed to come forward for development due to deliverability issues. The Core Strategy proposes to identify a new employment area to the east of Soham which is deliverable, and which can help to provide a greater range of employment opportunities in the town.

2.5.2.2 The town centre provides only a limited range of shops and services, and there are a number of vacant retail units. The Council’s Retail Study (2009) indicates there is likely to be need for a small amount of additional convenience retail floorspace to meet future local needs, but that growth in comparison shopping could be more limited. However, in light of the vulnerable nature of the town centre, it is important that new retail floorspace is located within the town centre wherever possible. If land cannot be found within the town centre, then land to the east of and adjacent to the town centre could offer an opportunity for the future expansion of the town centre. New retail schemes in out of centre locations are likely to adversely affect the long-term health and vitality of the town centre. The town centre 50 could also benefit from townscape and other regeneration measures, in order to raise its attractiveness to investors and to local people and visitors. The Council will seek to work in partnership with local businesses, community groups and other organisations to raise the quality of the town centre, and promote opportunities which add to its vitality and viability.

2.5.2.3 Soham is a relatively sustainable Market Town, and therefore an element of new housing provision is proposed. There are some opportunities for development on both brownfield and greenfield land within the current settlement boundary, and these will be explored. However, this supply is limited, and an element of new housing provision is proposed outside the settlement. The area proposed off Station Road will provide an opportunity to re-use

vacant railway and scrubland and regenerate this area of Soham. The proposed greenfield ategy extension to the east should ensure good accessibility to the town centre, and help to guard against further elongation of the settlement. If any additional land outside the settlement boundary is needed to meet the housing requirement, this will be identified in the site specific Development Plan Document.

2.5.2.4 The growth likely to take place in Soham will need to be supported by improvements to idgeshire Core Str strategic and local infrastructure – including a new primary school, enhancements to the Sewage Treatment Works, upgrading of health care facilities, and improvements to highway/walking/cycling/public transport networks. Another key priority is the protection and East Cambr enhancement of The Commons areas. These provide an attractive setting to the town, and a unique recreational asset for local people. It is also a long held aspiration for the provision of a railway station in Soham, as the railway line runs through the town, and there was previously a station. The Council will seek to work in partnership to achieve this vision, and will identify an area which should be protected for future potential railway uses.

Policy CS 10

Soham

Soham is designated as a ‘Market Town’ and a ‘Secondary Town Centre.’ The following development is proposed:

Between 2001 and 2025 approximately 1,730 dwellings will be built as set out in Table 2.1. This will include approximately 400 dwellings as a greenfield extension to the north-east of The Causeway/Brook Street and on industrial/vacant land off Station Road. In addition to the provision for approximately 1,730 dwellings, potential allocations that could help address the shortfall of 483 dwellings identified in Policy CS2 and Table 2.1 will be explored and sites will be identified in the site specific Development Plan Document as appropriate. This may require allocation of additional land outside the settlement boundary.

Opportunities to redevelop other sites for residential development within the settlement boundary will be explored, and sites will be allocated in a future site specific Development Plan Document.

The provision of new employment land in Soham will be focused on land to the east of the bypass. Approximately 11 hectares of new employment land will be identified for B1/B2/B8 employment uses in this area.

Suitable sites for development of new retail floorspace will be allocated in a future site specific Development Plan Document, of sufficient size to accommodate approximately 550 m2 of convenience net retail floorspace. These sites will be within the town centre, or as close to the town centre as possible. Outside the town centre, the priority location will 51 be an extension to the east of the town centre. East Cambr Improvements to the sewage treatment facilities in Soham will be required in order to facilitate development on new greenfield sites. Improvements may also be required to facilitate change of use on large brownfield sites, if a scheme would result in a significant

idgeshire Core Str increase in discharge to the sewer. Anglian Water will seek to ensure that the required improvements to sewage treatment facilities in Soham are completed by 2015.

Opportunities to improve the quality of the environment and the retail offer of the town centre will be explored. Where this involves the redevelopment of sites, these will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document. ategy

The wildlife, landscape and recreational quality of the Commons areas should be protected and enhanced, and improved pedestrian and cycle links provided. Development schemes should be required to demonstrate no adverse impact on the quality, character and accessibility of the Commons.

Future health infrastructure requirements for the town will be fully assessed by the PCT and the potential for the existing health centre and GP surgery to meet those requirements explored. Options could include expanding or replacing existing facilities on the existing sites or redeveloping replacing facilities on alternative sites.

A site for a new primary school will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document.

Safeguarded land for the provision of a station and/or station facilities will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document.

2.5.3 CS11 - Littleport

2.5.3.1 Littleport is a small market town, serving the needs of a very localised rural catchment area. However, the town has a good level of employment opportunities, with a range of industrial and commercial firms mainly residing on industrial parks and allocated employment sites on the edge of the settlement. It is proposed to build on this economic growth, and allocate some additional land for employment purposes on the edge of the settlement, in order to provide an even wider range of jobs for local people.

2.5.3.2 The town centre is small and compact, and has a limited range of shops. The Council’s Retail Study indicates that potential for new comparison floorspace development may be limited, but that there is a need for a small amount of additional convenience retail floorspace to serve the needs of the local population, and enhance self-containment for the town. Due to the vulnerable nature of the town centre, this provision should be made either within, or as close to the town centre as possible on an accessible site. The town centre could also benefit from townscape and other regeneration measures, in order to raise its attractiveness 52 to investors and to local people and visitors. The Council will seek to work in partnership with local businesses, community groups and other organisations to raise the quality of the town centre environment, and promote opportunities which add to its vitality and viability. 2.5.3.3 There is a significant supply of housing in the pipeline for Littleport, on sites with outstanding

planning permission where work it yet to start or is partly completed. There are also a ategy significant number of potential opportunities for housing development on both brownfield and greenfield sites within the settlement boundary. It is proposed that opportunities within the settlement boundary for additional housing development will be explored, but that additional growth on greenfield sites outside the town is not appropriate, given the settlement’s relatively small size and lower sustainability levels. Even without additional greenfield allocations outside the settlement, the amount of housing growth in Littleport is idgeshire Core Str predicted to be similar to Soham over the Plan period – and Soham is a larger and more sustainable settlement. East Cambr 2.5.3.4 The growth likely to take place in Littleport will need to be supported by improvements to strategic and local infrastructure – including a new primary school, potential enhancements to the Sewage Treatment Works, upgrading of health care facilities, and improvements to highway/walking/cycling/public transport networks. The County Council has also identified that a new secondary school will be required to serve Littleport and Ely, and that a site will need to be identified in either Littleport or Ely. The County Council is in the process of consulting on the matter, and is likely to take a decision on the strategic nature of the school by early 2010.

53 East Cambr Policy CS 11

Littleport idgeshire Core Str

Littleport is designated as a ‘Market Town’ and a ‘Secondary Town Centre’. Development will be limited in scale to meet locally identified needs. The following development is proposed:

Between 2001 and 2025 approximately 1,670 dwellings will be built as set in Table 2.1. The

ategy majority of this development will take place on sites allocated for residential development in the current Local Plan and/or with outstanding planning permission. New opportunities to redevelop sites for residential development within the settlement boundary will be explored, and sites will be allocated in a future site specific Development Plan Document. This may enable Littleport to make an additional contribution to meeting the shortfall identified in Policy CS2.

Improvements to the sewage treatment facilities in Littleport will be required in order to facilitate development on new greenfield sites. Improvements may also be required to facilitate change of use on large brownfield sites, if a scheme would result in a significant discharge to the sewer. Anglian Water will seek to ensure that improvements to sewage treatment facilities in the town are completed by 2015.

Approximately 9 hectares of land will be allocated for B1/B2/B8 employment uses. The current unused employment allocations to the west of Littleport on Road and Woodfen Road will be re-assessed in terms of its suitability and deliverability for employment use, and may provide an opportunity for the provision of this land.

Suitable sites for development of new retail floorspace will be allocated in a future site specific Development Plan Document, of sufficient size to accommodate 350 m2 of convenience net retail floorspace. These sites will be within the town centre, or as close to the town centre as possible.

Opportunities to improve the quality of the environment and the retail offer of the town centre will be explored. Where this involves the redevelopment of sites, these will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document.

Land to accommodate a new primary school will be identified in a future site specific Development Plan Document. There will be also be a need to identify a site for a new secondary school in either Ely or Littleport.

54 3 Development Control Policies ategy 3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 This chapter sets out a series of ‘development control’ policies on a range of issues. The policies are intended to provide further details and explanation to assist the delivery of the Core Strategy policies outlined in Chapter 2 above. The policies are mainly criteria-based, idgeshire Core Str and can therefore be used to help assess the suitability/acceptability of planning applications for the development of land and buildings.

3.1.2 As required by Government, the policies explain how national planning guidance applies to East Cambr the local area, but seek to avoid the repetition of national Planning Policy Statements.There are a couple of exceptions to this, where the Council considers it appropriate to draw together various strands of Government guidance in one place, in order to assist applicants and developers in understanding the objectives and aims of the policy. The number of Development Control policies is a lot shorter than in the East Cambridgeshire District Local Plan (2000), as it is a key requirement of the new LDF system that policies are succinct, and are focused on delivering the aims and objectives of the Core Strategy.The relationship between the Core Strategy policies and the Development Control policies is shown throughout, via cross-referencing.

55 East Cambr 3.2 Housing

3.2.1 H1 - Housing mix and type idgeshire Core Str 3.2.1.1 In order to ensure that housing provision meets the needs of all sectors of the community, it is important that a range of house types and sizes are provided as part of new development schemes (as emphasised by PPS3). This policy seeks to ensure that an appropriate mix of sizes and types of general market dwellings is secured, and builds on the strategic approach in Policy CS2. The policy also refers to sheltered housing and supported housing

ategy schemes. However, the size and type mix of affordable homes is covered in Policy H3.

3.2.1.2 Evidence in the Cambridge Sub-Region Strategic Housing Market Assessment (2008) (SHMA) and the Ely Estates Surveys (2002 and 2007) has been used to inform the policy. This includes data on the age profile of the current and future population, housing stock information, and recent occupancy densities.

3.2.1.3 In terms of size mix, the profile of the current population in East Cambridgeshire reveals that a significant proportion of the households in the district are single person households (30% in the 2001 Census). This proportion is predicted by the County Council Research Group to be likely to increase even further over the next 13 years, as a result of a rise in single person households, smaller family units, and older people. The Research Group predicts that the number of households in the district will rise by 55% to 2021, and that 35% of these will be single occupancy. During the same period the population is forecast to rise by 13.8%, with almost all of the growth coming from the 60+ age group. At the same time the district has a considerable stock of larger properties. The 2001 Census reveals that only 7.4% of housing stock have 1-3 rooms (not including bathrooms and hallways), and that the overwhelming majority of dwellings (73.6%) have more than 5 rooms. These proportions are likely to have changed only slightly since 2001, as housing completions data between 2001 and 2008 reveals that only 38.5% of dwellings built in this period were 1 or 2 bedroom properties.

3.2.1.4 It is clear that there has been a significant gap between the size mix of general market properties built in the district, and identified needs for smaller dwellings. Policy H1 seeks to restore this balance to reflect local need, and address the current low supply of smaller market properties – so that more people can have access to a suitable home. However, the policy also takes account of the fact that housing need is not an indication of housing occupancy, as people aspire to take properties they can afford rather than their actual 'needs'. Therefore although single people only 'need' one bedroom accommodation, in practice the active demand is for at least 2 bedrooms – whilst evidence in the Ely Estates Survey (2007) indicates that 78% of 3 bedroom and 42.5% of 4 bedroom new properties in the city are occupied by 2 or less persons. A mix of housing will therefore be required on development sites to ensure a balanced community, and enable those who wish to live in larger properties to do so. 56 3.2.1.5 It is proposed that an appropriate mix of unit sizes will be secured on schemes of 10+ general market dwellings. This threshold is considered to be a reasonable level, above which schemes should make a contribution to mixed communities.

3.2.1.6 The district also faces a major challenge in increasing the provision of housing for potentially vulnerable elderly and single person households. Increasing provision for the elderly can bring wider community benefits from releasing under-occupied housing back into both the public sector and general housing market. The Council will therefore aim to ensure that a

proportion of all new general market housing is suitable, or easily adaptable for occupation ategy by the elderly or people with disabilities (Lifetime Homes Standard or equivalent).

3.2.1.7 Where viability and deliverability issues arise, the applicant will be required to submit evidence in order to justify an alternative mix of sizes/types of dwellings. Where this policy would result in the requirement relating to part of a dwelling the calculation will be rounded upwards to ensure that at least the minimum requirement is met. idgeshire Core Str

3.2.1.8 Some types of housing are designed to meet the particular needs of groups whose needs cannot be met in general purpose schemes. These include sheltered schemes for the elderly or disabled and other groups who require communal facilities/wardens or on site East Cambr management and/or medical support. It is considered that the type and mix on such schemes will be determined on a site by site basis according to need.

Policy H 1

Housing mix and type

On schemes of 10 or more dwellings there should be a housing mix that contributes to local needs and helps deliver a balanced community.

In order to meet identified local needs, a proportion of dwellings that are suitable or easily adaptable for occupation by the elderly or people with disabilities will be sought on schemes of five or more dwellings.

On sheltered/supported housing schemes, the type and mix of housing will be determined on a site by site basis according to identified needs.

3.2.2 H2 - Density

3.2.2.1 Land resources in England are scarce, and it is therefore important that development land is used as efficiently as possible to minimise the amount of building that needs to take place on greenfield sites in the countryside. Accordingly, Government guidance in PPS3 indicates that 30 dwellings per hectare is the national indicative minimum to guide development.

3.2.2.2 The precise density of a scheme will need to be determined having regard to a site’s immediate context, on-site constraints, the type of development proposed and the level of transport accessibility. Whilst higher densities may be appropriate in town centre locations where public transport is good and urban form is dense, lower densities may be appropriate in established suburban areas, in villages, in areas with an open character or on the edge of settlements. In assessing what density is appropriate, priority will be given to ensuring that making efficient use of land does not result in development that detracts from the 57 character of the area. East Cambr Policy H 2

Density idgeshire Core Str

New residential schemes will need to make efficient use of land and help to ensure that overall the district achieves at least an average density of 30 dwellings per hectare on new developments. The appropriate density will be judged on a site by site basis taking account of:

ategy a. The character of the site and its surroundings; b. The need to accommodate other uses and residential amenities such as open space and parking areas; and c. Levels of accessibility, particularly by public transport, walking and cycling

3.2.3 H3 - Affordable housing

3.2.3.1 The Government has confirmed that a community's need for a mix of housing types, including affordable housing (i) is a material planning consideration which should be taken into account when formulating development plan policies and in determining planning applications. Consequently, where a lack of affordable housing to meet local needs can be demonstrated, LDFs should include a policy for seeking affordable housing in suitable housing developments.

3.2.3.2 The planning system has a key role in making affordable housing available through securing developer contributions from market housing schemes. Providing affordable housing is of great concern to the local population, and is identified in the East Cambridgeshire Sustainable Community Strategy as a key issue to be addressed. The planning system can also help to increase the supply of affordable housing by enabling provision in rural locations where other housing is not normally permitted, under rural 'exceptions' schemes – see Policy H4 for details.

3.2.3.3 Access to suitable housing has become increasingly difficult in the district for local people on low to modest incomes, as there is a significant gap between average incomes and house prices. The Cambridge Sub-Region Housing Market Assessment (SHMA) reveals that average house prices are between 6 and 7.5 times higher than average earnings in East Cambridgeshire.

3.2.3.4 The SHMA also sets out the scale of need for additional affordable dwellings in East Cambridgeshire over the next 5 years. The Assessment estimates that there is a need to provide an additional 597 affordable dwellings per year, between 2008 and 2013. These figures are based on evidence from the Housing Register, concealed household rates and estimates of newly arising need – whilst taking account of affordable schemes in the pipeline 58 and re-lets of existing affordable properties. This rate of housing development represents 139% of overall housing requirements in the district over this period.

i PPS3 defines affordable housing by stating that it 'includes social rented and intermediate housing, provided to specified eligible households whose needs are not met by the market'. Social rented housing is defined as: 'Rented housing owned and managed by local authorities and registered social landlords for which guideline target rents are determined through the national rent regime.' Intermediate affordable housing is defined as: 'Housing at prices and rents above those of social rent, but below market price rents, and which meet the criteria set out above. These can include shared equity products (e.g. HomeBuy), other low cost homes for sale and intermediate rent.' 3.2.3.5 Therefore the minimum percentage of affordable housing proposed in Policy H3 takes

account of this high level of need, but is based on a realistic proportion and has been ategy developed with close regard to the overall viability and deliverability of housing schemes (as set out in the Council’s ‘Affordable Housing Viability Testing’ document, which can be viewed on the Council’s website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk). Applicants seeking to justify a lower proportion of affordable housing will be required to demonstrate why it is not economically viable to make the minimum level of provision in Policy H3. The Council recognises that in some cases there may be exceptional costs of development which need idgeshire Core Str to be recognised, and that the policy may represent a starting point for negotiation. Where this policy would result in the requirement relating to part of a dwelling the calculation will

be rounded upwards to ensure that at least the minimum requirement is met. East Cambr

3.2.3.6 Policy H3 indicates that affordable housing contributions will be sought on developments of 3 or more dwellings. Government guidance in PPS3 sets an indicative national minimum of 15 dwellings as a trigger for affordable housing provision, but states that the site size threshold may be reduced where it can be justified by local circumstances, and in rural areas, where it contributes to the creation of mixed and sustainable rural communities. The Council considers that in view of the findings of the SHMA, and recent levels of under-provision of affordable housing in proportion to general market housing, there is sound justification for adopting a lower threshold in East Cambridgeshire. In addition, evidence from the County Council’s Annual Housing Completions Survey indicates that a significant proportion of residential development has historically occurred on smaller sites where the threshold for affordable housing has not been triggered.The lower threshold is also justified in light of the policy in RSS which states that 35% of all housing in the region should be affordable. Some developments will not provide affordable housing, or to this percentage – therefore a lower threshold is key in delivering affordable housing in East Cambridgeshire.

3.2.3.7 Policy H3 indicates that the size mix and tenure of affordable dwellings should reflect identified needs at the time of the proposal and in the locality. The current SHMA forecasts that there will be need for 84% of affordable dwellings in the district to be 1 or 2 bedroom properties, and for 16% to be 3 or 4 bed – and that 70% of affordable properties will need to be social rented and 30% intermediate affordable housing that can include shared ownership.The Council will also seek to ensure that the proportion of new affordable housing on schemes of 5 or more dwellings is suitable or easily adaptable for occupation by the elderly or people with disabilities (Lifetime Homes Standard or equivalent). For further justification, see Policy H1 above.

3.2.3.8 Affordable housing should be provided on the application site wherever possible as part of well designed, mixed tenure schemes, as this ensure the best prospect of securing mixed, inclusive communities. In exceptional circumstances, such as where very small schemes are proposed, off-site provision or financial contributions in lieu may be acceptable. Applicants will be expected to justify any exception to the Council as part of an application.

3.2.3.9 The Council will ensure that any planning permission granted is subject to appropriate conditions and/or planning obligations to secure affordability in perpetuity. Further details 59 of the Council’s approach to affordable housing will be set out in the Planning Obligations Supplementary Planning Document. East Cambr Policy H 3

Affordable Housing idgeshire Core Str

Affordable housing is defined as 'housing which is affordable for those who cannot meet their housing needs on the open market'

Housing schemes of 3 or more dwellings will be required to make appropriate provision for an

ategy element of affordable housing, in accordance with the following:

The proportion and type of affordable housing will be the subject of negotiation with applicants On schemes in the south of the district (ii), a minimum of 40% of the total number of dwellings to be provided will be sought On schemes in the north of the district (iii), a minimum of 30% of the total number of dwellings to be provided will be sought Account will be taken of any exceptional costs associated with the development (e.g. site remediation and infrastructure provision) and other viability considerations The precise mix in terms of tenure and house sizes of affordable housing within a scheme will be determined by local circumstances at the time of planning permission, including housing need, development costs and the availability of subsidy Affordable housing should normally be provided on-site, apart from in exceptional circumstances where the applicant can demonstrate exceptional reasons for off-site provision or financial contributions in lieu The affordable properties will be made available solely to people in housing need at an affordable cost for the life of the property The allocation of affordable housing should give priority to people in local housing need On larger schemes the affordable housing will be provided in phases as the development progresses in a planned and designed manner as detailed by the Council at the time of the development. Affordable housing intended specifically for elderly occupants should be focused on public transport routes In order to meet identified local needs, a proportion of dwellings that are suitable or easily adaptable for occupation by the elderly or people with disabilities will be sought on schemes of five or more dwellings.

60

ii The south of the district comprises the parishes of Ashley, Bottisham, Brinkley, Burrough Green, Burwell, Chippenham, Cheveley, Dullingham, Fordham, Kennett, Kirtling, Reach, Snailwell, Swaffham Bulbeck, Swaffham Prior, Westley Waterless and Woodditton iii The north of the district comprises the parishes of Coveney, Haddenham, Isleham, Mepal, Little Downham, Littleport, Little Thetford, Soham, Stretham, Sutton, Wentworth, Wicken, Witcham, Wilburton, Witchford, and Ely City. 3.2.4 H4 - Affordable housing exceptions ategy 3.2.4.1 In East Cambridgeshire there is significant need for additional affordable housing, as demonstrated in the Strategic Housing Market Assessment. However, land values are high, and Registered Social Landlords find it difficult to afford to purchase sites within settlements for the development of affordable housing schemes. Government policy recognises these issues, and allows affordable housing schemes to be developed as an 'exception' on sites where general housing market would not normally be permitted, either within or adjoining idgeshire Core Str a settlement.

3.2.4.2 Policy H4 sets out the circumstances in which affordable housing exception schemes may East Cambr be considered appropriate. In assessing such proposals the needs of the local community will be carefully considered, and schemes should be designed to include a range of dwelling sizes, types and tenures, appropriate to the local need. The occupation of these properties will be restricted in accordance with a cascade mechanism, agreed by the Council and RSLs, whereby those who have a connection with the village are given first priority for newly created housing, followed by those in adjacent villages, and then those in the wider locality. The Council will ensure that any planning permission granted is subject to appropriate conditions and/or planning obligations to secure its affordability in perpetuity. Applicants will also be required to demonstrate that an assessment of other sites has been taken, in terms of their suitability, deliverability and availability.

Policy H 4

Affordable housing exceptions

Affordable housing development on exception sites can make an important contribution to meeting local housing needs, and schemes may be permitted on sites within or outside settlement boundaries where:

If the proposal is outside the settlement boundary, the site is adjoining or in close proximity to the main built-up framework of the settlement; and No significant harm would be caused to the character or setting of the settlement and the surrounding countryside; and The scale of the scheme is broadly related to the settlement hierarchy status of the settlement and to the scale of the identified local affordable housing need; and The scheme incorporates a range of dwelling sizes, types and tenures appropriate to the identified local need; and The affordable housing provided is made available to people in local housing need at an affordable cost for the life of the property; and It can be demonstrated that there is no land in a more suitable location that is available. 61 East Cambr 3.2.5 H5 - Dwellings for rural workers

3.2.5.1 It will usually be possible for rural workers such as those employed in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, stud workers or other rural based occupations, to be able to meet their idgeshire Core Str accommodation needs in existing houses either on the site or in nearby settlements. Very occasionally it will be essential for a worker to have accommodation in close proximity to the business and none will be available. The construction of new dwellings in the countryside to meet these needs will, in exceptional circumstances, be justified. Government guidance in PPS7 (Annex A) provides detailed advice in respect of these circumstances. It must be

ategy stressed that genuine essential need, rather than business convenience must be justified, and that justification on the basis of security will not be sufficient.

3.2.5.2 Applications will be assessed taking account of the history of the enterprise, in order to establish whether existing dwellings within the site/holding or nearby could fulfil the need, or whether any dwellings or buildings suitable for conversion have been sold on the open housing market. Such a sale is likely to constitute lack of evidence of essential need. New permanent dwellings can only be justified if the enterprise to which they relate is economically viable. For this reason, details of the financial situation of the business will be required. This information will also inform the scale of dwelling which the enterprise can sustain. The scale should be demonstrated to be appropriate to the needs of the business rather than those of the owner or occupier.

3.2.5.3 Where planning permission is granted for a new dwelling on this basis, suitable occupancy conditions will be imposed to ensure the dwelling remains available to meet that particular need. Proposals to remove an occupancy condition will be considered on the basis of whether a need remains for the accommodation for other rural workers. This will involve marketing the property for a period of at least 12 months at a realistic price to reflect the occupancy restriction. Applicants will also need to demonstrate a lack of general need in an area. As part of this approach, applicants will need to demonstrate that the dwelling has been offered to Registered Social Landlords operating locally, on terms which would allow it to be occupied by a rural worker as an affordable dwelling – and that this option has been rejected.

62 Policy H 5 ategy

Dwellings for rural workers

Proposals for permanent dwellings in the countryside for full-time workers in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, stud and other rural activities will be permitted as an exception to the normal policies of control where: idgeshire Core Str

It can be demonstrated that the dwelling is essential to the needs of the business (e.g. there is a need for 24 hour on-site presence of workers); and East Cambr It can be demonstrated that the enterprise has been established for at least three years and is, and should remain financially viable; and There is no other accommodation within the site/holding or nearby which is currently suitable and available, or could be made available; and A dwelling or building suitable for conversion to a dwelling within the site/holding has not been sold on the open housing market without an agricultural or other occupancy conditions in the last five years; and The proposed dwelling is no larger than that required to meet the functional needs of the enterprise, nor would it be unusually expensive to construct in relation to the income that the enterprise could sustain; and The proposed dwelling is sensitively designed and sited to minimise visual intrusion; and Where the proposal involves a new business that cannot yet demonstrate financial soundness, a temporary dwelling (in the form of a caravan, mobile home or wooden structure that can easily be dismantled and removed from the site) may be acceptable provided all the other criteria are met.

Where a new dwelling is permitted, the occupancy will be restricted by condition to ensure that it is occupied by a person, or persons currently or last employed in local agriculture, horticulture, forestry, stud and other rural activities, or their surviving partner or dependant(s).

Applications for the removal of an occupancy condition related to rural workers will only be permitted where it can be demonstrated that:

There is no longer a need for accommodation on the holding/business or in the local area; and The property has been marketed for a reasonable period (at least 1 year) and at a price which reflects the existence of the occupancy condition; and The dwelling has been made available to all Registered Social Landlords operating locally on terms which would allow it to be occupied by a rural worker as an affordable dwelling - and that option has been rejected.

63 East Cambr 3.2.6 H6 - Residential care homes

3.2.6.1 Nursing and care homes meet the needs of various groups of people for rehabilitation and out of hospital care, including the elderly, people with disabilities and vulnerable people. idgeshire Core Str The forecast change in population by broad age groups for the period 2001-2021 predicts that almost all of the estimated growth will be in the over 60 age group. The proportion of people aged 75+ years will rise by 72% and those aged 85+ years will grow by 80%. This is a dramatic increase in potentially vulnerable elderly couples and single person households with a elderly household head.These predictions pose a considerable challenge for supported

ategy housing, some of which will be in residential care homes.

3.2.6.2 Where new facilities are proposed, these should normally be located within the built-up framework of the Market Towns, Key Service Centres and Limited Service Centres. This should enable non-car access to basic facilities, and help raise the quality of life for residents. It will also be important to consider the adequacy of local health care facilities such as doctors’ surgeries.

3.2.6.3 It is recognised that such care homes have to compete on the open market for land which is expensive, and that there may be a lack of suitable sites within settlement boundaries. Therefore proposals for new residential care homes on the edge of settlements may be considered as an exception to the normal policies of control, and proposals involving more units than the scale of the settlement would normally permit will also be considered. In these circumstances it will be particularly important for applicants to demonstrate need for such provision, having regard to the Cambridge Sub-Region Strategic Housing Market Assessment and other County strategies.

Policy H 6

Residential care homes

Residential care homes should be located within the settlement boundaries of the Market Towns, Key Service Centres and Limited Service Centres. In exceptional circumstances, proposals may be acceptable outside the settlement boundaries where:

There is an identified need for such provision that is unlikely to be met within the built-up area; and The site is located adjoining or in close proximity to the main built up framework of one of these categories of settlement; and The proposal would not cause harm to the character or setting of a settlement or the surrounding countryside.

64 3.2.7 H7 - Mobile home and residential caravan parks ategy 3.2.7.1 The East Cambridgeshire Mobile Home Assessment (2003) highlighted that caravans and mobile homes play an important role in providing low-cost accommodation for local people, and are an alternative form of affordable housing provision.These properties are particularly popular with people over the age of 50 years.

3.2.7.2 There are a number of mobile home/residential caravan parks in the district, both within idgeshire Core Str settlements and in the open countryside close to settlements. Proposals involving the loss of all or any part of these existing parks will be resisted, unless applicants can demonstrate a lack of viability or business demand (e.g. by marketing the business at an appropriate East Cambr price for at least 12 months). Key sites are listed below and identified on the Proposals Map:

Bush Pastures, Carter Street, Fordham Hardwick Fields, West End, Haddenham New Orchard Caravan Park, Victoria Street, Littleport Hyde Park Caravan Park, Padnal, Littleport Bushel Park, Caravan Park, Townsend, Soham Bedwell Park, Bedwell Hey Lane, Witchford Cathedral View, Sand Pit Drove, Witchford

3.2.7.3 In the case of the identified sites in the countryside, any increase in numbers of mobile homes or residential caravans will be resisted unless the additional provision can be secured as genuinely affordable housing which can be secured in perpetuity, and which accords with the criteria in Policy H4.This approach will also apply to new mobile homes or caravans proposed elsewhere in the countryside. New mobile homes and caravans should be located within existing settlements, where permanent dwellings would be acceptable. Where new provision is appropriate, particular care must be taken to ensure that impact is minimised through the careful use of landscaping and layout of pitches, as the environmental impact of mobile homes and caravans can be significant due to their colour, massing and materials.

Policy H 7

Mobile home and residential caravan parks

Proposals involving the loss of all or part of key identified mobile home or residential caravan parks will be resisted, unless it can be demonstrated that the operation is no longer viable and there is no business demand.

New mobile homes or caravans will normally only be considered acceptable in locations where general market housing would be appropriate. On the identified sites in the countryside, any increase in the number of caravans/mobile homes will be resisted, unless the units are to be provided as genuine affordable housing in perpetuity, and meet the criteria in Policy H4. This 65 approach will also apply to new mobile homes or residential caravans proposed elsewhere in the countryside. East Cambr 3.2.8 H8 - Alterations or replacement of dwellings in the countryside

3.2.8.1 To help protect the character of East Cambridgeshire’s countryside there is a need to control the amount of new development that takes place there.The erection of replacement dwellings idgeshire Core Str and extensions to existing houses can individually, and cumulatively over a period of years, have an adverse impact both on the character of individual properties and their surroundings.

3.2.8.2 It will be important to ensure that extensions or replacements are well designed and do not adversely impact on the character of the locality. The Council will also seek to limit the size

ategy and height of extensions and alterations to dwellings and replacement dwellings in the countryside, to ensure that such development does not increase the obtrusiveness of rural dwellings into the landscape. Restricting the scale of replacement dwellings should also help to ensure that small and comparatively cheaper housing is retained to provide opportunities for those on lower incomes to access housing in the local community. The conversion of other rural buildings to residential use is covered by Policy EC4 in the Employment section.

Policy H 8

Alterations or replacement of dwellings in the countryside

Proposals which seek to alter, extend or replace an existing dwelling in the countryside will only be supported where:

There would be a positive impact on the character and appearance of the locality; and As a guide, the size of the dwelling would not generally increase by more than 25% of the floor area of the original dwelling; and The height of the original dwelling would not increase significantly; and The residential use of the dwelling has not been abandoned.

66 3.3 Employment ategy 3.3.1 EC1 - Retention of employment sites

3.3.1.1 High land values for housing in the district mean there is considerable pressure to redevelop industrial and commercial sites for housing when they are still in active use. However, the health of the local economy can only be assured if there is sufficient quantity and quality of industrial/warehousing/office land and sites available to meet needs. idgeshire Core Str

3.3.1.2 As demonstrated in the Council’s Employment Land and Labour Market Study, existing employment sites play an important role in this process and retaining existing employment East Cambr sites is key to underpinning future economic growth. The availability of local employment that is suited to the skills of the local workforce is particularly important given the high levels of out-commuting from the District. The unacceptable loss of business land can harm local firms, who may find it difficult to find suitable replacement sites. It can also lead to a loss of local employment and increase the need to travel to work. It is therefore important that land and premises in employment use are retained, as such sites are serviced and add to the variety of stock.

3.3.1.3 The policy seeks to retain employment sites, whilst allowing some flexibility to take account of sites that may no longer be suitable or appropriate for employment use. As well as applying to established industrial estates, distribution and business parks, it also covers other employment sites and buildings. The Council does not propose to set a limit on the size of site to be retained, as small sites can make a significant contribution to local employment opportunities. Where the continued viability of the site for B1, B2 or B8 use is in question, applicants will be required to demonstrate that the site has been actively marketed at a realistic price for a continuous period of at least 12 months, or provide other convincing evidence of physical/operational constraints or lack of viability that demonstrates that it is no longer suitable for any B1, B2 or B8 business uses.

Policy EC 1

Retention of employment sites

The Council will seek to retain land or premises currently or last used for employment purposes unless it can be demonstrated that:

a. Continued use of the site for employment purposes is no longer viable, taking into account the site’s characteristics, quality of buildings, and existing or potential market demand; or b. Use of the site for employment purposes gives rise to unacceptable environmental or traffic problems; or c. An alternative use or mix of uses offers greater potential benefits to the community in meeting local business and employment needs. 67 East Cambr 3.3.2 EC2 - Extensions to existing businesses in the countryside

3.3.2.1 One of the key aims of the Council’s Economic Development Strategy and the LDF is to encourage business growth, particularly indigenous businesses. In many cases this will idgeshire Core Str involve expansion or intensification within an existing site, rather than relocation and many of these sites will be in countryside locations. Wherever possible the Council will aim to assist businesses in their proposals to extend on site, providing that schemes are of an appropriate scale and do not have an adverse effect in terms of character and residential amenity. Justification for the expansion, including the submission of a business case, will

ategy be required to be submitted with any planning application.

Policy EC 2

Extensions to existing businesses in the countryside

Proposals to expand existing businesses in the countryside will be permitted where:

a. The proposal does not harm the character and appearance of any existing buildings or the locality; and b. The proposal is in scale with the location, particularly in relation to the amount and nature of traffic generated; and c. Any intensification of use will not detract from residential amenity; and d. Full justification for the proposals is submitted with a planning application.

3.3.3 EC3 - Non-residential re-use or replacement of buildings in the countryside

3.3.3.1 The re-use and redevelopment of rural buildings for business purposes can bring benefits to the local economy and provide local jobs. Potential uses may include commercial, industrial, tourism and recreation uses. The re-use of existing buildings can also reduce the need for new buildings in the open countryside whilst bringing under-used buildings back into productive use. Where buildings are to be replaced or substantially altered, this may also bring improvements to the character and appearance of the building and/or the locality. However, it is important to ensure that re-use and redevelopment is appropriate for the building, and the surrounding area.

3.3.3.2 There are a number of old farm buildings of visual or historic interest in the district, and the loss of these buildings should be avoided – whilst proposals for their conversion should conserve their special qualities. Many proposals are also received for the conversion and redevelopment of modern farm buildings, and their re-use may not be appropriate. The re-use or replacement of a building will only be supported where it is considered to be of substantial construction. Buildings which are in a ruinous state, or where only the site 68 remains, will not be appropriate for redevelopment. A structural survey may be required to demonstrate that the building is soundly built.

3.3.3.3 In all cases close regard should be had to ensuring the scale of development is appropriate to its location, in order to minimise the impact on the character of the surrounding area and minimise unsustainable development. Proposals resulting in significant numbers of employees and visitors may not be appropriate in remote countryside locations due to increased traffic and noise. However each case will be assessed on its merits. 3.3.3.4 Redevelopment of buildings in the countryside should not involve substantial extensions

beyond the original floor area. The replacement or substantial rebuilding of buildings will be ategy favoured where this would result in a more sustainable development than a conversion might achieve, such as where the replacement building would bring environmental improvements in terms of the impact of the development on its surroundings and landscape. The Council may consider a condition to withdraw permitted development rights where necessary to safeguard the character of the building or the area. idgeshire Core Str 3.3.3.5 Retail use is not normally considered appropriate in the countryside, as it is important to focus shopping in the town and village centres where it can be more easily accessed and contribute to the vitality and viability of those centres. In the countryside the main exception East Cambr to this is for farm shops which form part of farm diversification schemes, providing these are small in scale and accord with Policy EC5.

3.3.3.6 Where proposals for holiday accommodation are proposed, the occupation will be restricted to short terms lets, as described in Policy EC10.

3.3.3.7 The reuse of rural buildings for business purposes is the Council’s priority. However, reuse for residential purposes may be permitted in certain circumstances, as detailed in Policy EC4.

Policy EC 3

Non-residential re-use or replacement of buildings in the countryside

The re-use or replacement of buildings in the countryside for non-residential purposes will be permitted where:

a. The proposal does not harm the character and appearance of the building or the locality; and b. The proposal is in scale with the rural location, particularly in relation to the amount and nature of traffic generated; and c. It can be demonstrated that the building is soundly built and suitable for the proposed use; and d. Conversion or re-use is complementary to, and does not prejudice any viable agricultural operations on a farm; and e. Any proposals for retail use are limited to projects forming part of farm diversification schemes (e.g. farm shops), and accord with Policy EC5; and f. The proposal is in accordance with other policies seeking to protect biodiversity, amenity and landscape character.

It will not be appropriate to allow the re-use of, or conversions to a Listed Building or Locally Listed Building that would significantly alter its character, unless there is no other reasonable means of securing the long term preservation of the building. Any conversion of a Listed Building 69 or Locally Listed Building must preserve the setting and architectural or historic interest of the building, and comply with the criteria contained in Policy EN5. East Cambr 3.3.4 EC4 - Residential re-use of buildings in the countryside

3.3.4.1 East Cambridgeshire has a significant number of rural buildings in the countryside of which many contribute to the visual or historic interest of the locality. The re-use of buildings in idgeshire Core Str the countryside will primarily be supported for business use (in accordance with Policy EC3), as this can bring benefits to the local economy and provide local jobs.

3.3.4.2 The re-use of buildings in the countryside for residential purposes will only be acceptable where it can be demonstrated that business use is not viable or suitable for business use.

ategy In relation to this, applicants will be required to provide evidence that the building has been marketed for sale or let for business use at an appropriate price for at least 12 months.

3.3.4.3 The re-use of a rural building for residential purposes will also only be supported where the building is of substantial construction. Buildings which are insubstantial, are in a ruinous state, or where only the site remains will not be appropriate for re-development. All proposals will be expected to protect the character of a building, and to have no adverse effects on the character of the countryside, or on biodiversity.

3.3.4.4 In all cases, the number of units proposed should minimise the impact on the character of the surrounding area and minimise unsustainable development in the countryside.

Policy EC 4

Residential re-use of buildings in the countryside

Planning applications for the conversion of existing buildings in the countryside to dwellings will only be permitted where:

Business use is not viable, or there is no business demand; and The building is soundly built and can be converted to residential use without major or complete reconstruction; and Conversion to residential re-use will not adversely effect the character of the building or the countryside, or biodiversity; and The number of units proposed is appropriate in the location.

3.3.5 EC5 - Farm diversification

3.3.5.1 Farming continues to make an important contribution to the local economy, but increasingly farmers are having to diversify into non-agricultural activities for the business to remain viable. Diversification activities may include farm shops, farm based food processing and manufacturing, recreation facilities, craft workshops, equestrian businesses, holiday accommodation, or leasing land or buildings to other non-agricultural businesses. 70 3.3.5.2 The Council will encourage farm enterprises to diversify into new agricultural and non-agricultural business activities that will help to sustain the farm and support the rural economy, whilst protecting the rural character and local landscapes. It is also important that farm diversification schemes are appropriate in scale to their rural location. The submission of farm business plans with applications will help to provide evidence of the viability of the farm and future proposals. 3.3.5.3 The Council considers that the best possible use should be made of existing buildings,

either through re-use or redevelopment. Where the proposed farm diversification scheme ategy involves the re-use of existing buildings in the countryside, proposals should also comply with Policy EC3. New buildings on undeveloped sites will normally only be appropriate if all options for the re-use and redevelopment of existing buildings have been explored and are not viable or suitable. If this can be demonstrated, then proposals which enable the clearance and replacement of poorly sited buildings, either in situ or in a more appropriate location will be the preferred option. Where new building on undeveloped sites is necessary, the idgeshire Core Str size of new buildings should be limited to reduce visual impact on the surrounding area. The scale of development acceptable in these circumstances will depend on the type of

business, the nature of the locality and the character of the area, but is likely to involve the East Cambr provision of up to 500 m² of floorspace. Buildings will be expected to be sensitively located with regard to topography, in sympathy with the character of the locality in terms of design, materials and construction, take maximum advantage of existing screening, and be sited close to existing buildings if surveillance is required. Activities should not harm residential amenity in terms of noise, smell, traffic disturbance or other pollution.

3.3.5.4 New buildings for holiday cottages will not be permitted, as detailed in Policy EC9.

Policy EC 5

Farm diversification

Proposals for development in the countryside for the purposes of farm diversification will be permitted provided that:

a. It can be demonstrated that the proposal would make an ongoing contribution to sustaining the agricultural enterprise as a whole; and b. It is in scale with its rural location particularly in relation to the amount of traffic generated; and c. The proposal would not detract from the character and appearance of the area; and d. In the case of new-build development, proposals are small-scale and it can be demonstrated that all opportunities to re-use, alter or replace existing buildings on the holding have been explored and are not feasible; and e. The proposal would not involve the provision of new-build holiday cottage accommodation as detailed in Policy EC9.

71 East Cambr 3.3.6 EC6 - New employment buildings on the edge of settlements

3.3.6.1 The Council encourages the development of small businesses. It is known that there is a shortage of small business units throughout the district, but the need for units at specific idgeshire Core Str locations is difficult to forecast as it depends on very local needs. Some local business needs are likely to be met through the re-use of existing buildings in the countryside as detailed in Policy EC3. However, in cases where there are no suitable sites within settlements for business development or opportunities for re-use of buildings, new buildings to accommodate small business developments may be appropriate on the edges of

ategy settlements. This is particularly likely to be the case in relation to villages, rather than the Market Towns where there is a greater choice of land and buildings. The scale of development acceptable in these circumstances will depend on the type of business, the nature of the settlement and the character of the area but is likely to involve the provision of up to 500 m² of business floorspace. Any such development will only be permitted where it would not adversely affect its surroundings and is easily accessed by foot or cycle from the settlement centre along clear links.

Policy EC 6

New employment buildings on the edge of settlements

New buildings for small scale business development will be permitted on small sites closely related to the built framework of a settlement where:

a. There is a lack of suitable buildings and sites within the settlement; and b. The proposal would not have an adverse impact on the character of the area, the amenity of neighbouring occupiers, or result in a significant increase in traffic; and c. The site can be easily accessed by foot or cycle from the settlement.

3.3.7 EC7 - Horse racing

3.3.7.1 Newmarket is a major international horse racing, breeding and training centre. Many of the stud farms and breeding establishments, plus the July Racecourse are located in the villages and countryside surrounding Newmarket, within the district of East Cambridgeshire. The horse racing industry provides a major contribution to the local economy in the south of the district, and provides an alternative use for farm holdings falling out of agricultural use. It also makes a considerable contribution to the landscape, particularly in terms of tree planting. Given the industry’s importance to the district, the Council considers it is appropriate to support its continued development and success.

3.3.7.2 The operation of many horse breeding and training establishments can easily be adversely 72 affected by noise or disturbance, and the following policy seeks to protect them against insensitive development. It further seeks to support development essential to the needs of the horse racing industry, and to prevent the inappropriate loss of stud buildings or land to other uses. Essential development may include stables, ménage or other equine buildings. The applicant will be required to demonstrate why the proposal is essential to the horse racing industry, by submitting appropriate evidence as part of a planning application. Policy EC 7 ategy

Horse racing

The Council will support and encourage the horse racing industry by preventing development that would cause disruption or disturbance to horse breeding or training. idgeshire Core Str Proposals for development in the countryside considered essential to the horse racing industry should:

Where built development is proposed, involve the re-use of existing buildings where possible, East Cambr and if not, their replacement in accordance with Policy EC3; Only involve the construction of new buildings if they do not adversely affect the character and setting of the area.

Proposals to change the use of stud land or buildings to uses other than ones essential to the horse racing industry will not be permitted where this would undermine the future viability of a horse racing stud, or adversely affect the character or setting of an area.

3.3.8 EC8 - Tourist facilities and visitor attractions

3.3.8.1 Tourism contributed £98 million (iv) to the district’s economy in 2004, and there is scope for further growth in this sector. East Cambridgeshire has a range of environmental and heritage assets including Wicken Fen, Ely Cathedral, Anglesey Abbey, Oliver Cromwell House and a wealth of attractive countryside and fine churches. Developing new tourist facilities and visitor attractions will broaden the base of East Cambridgeshires’s attraction as a tourist centre and encourage longer visitor stays.

3.3.8.2 Tourist facilities and attractions could include visitor and information centres, toilets, tea rooms, picnic sites, museums, and galleries. Tourist uses are defined in Government guidance in PPS6 as ‘town centre uses’, which should be required to locate in the most accessible and central locations possible – in order to promote accessibility and reduce the need to travel. However, it is accepted that there is likely to be a need for some tourist facilities and attractions in countryside locations. For example, where particular uses require a rural location (e.g. picnic sites and wildlife centres), or in order to support the expansion of existing tourist facilities and attractions in the countryside to improve the tourist offer.

3.3.8.3 This policy seeks to ensure that new or extensions to tourist facilities and attactions in the countryside are generally limited to the exceptions in the paragraph above. In association with this, applicants will be required to submit evidence to justify why schemes require a rural location, and evidence of their connection to existing facilities/attractions. Proposals which do not meet these exceptions will be assessed against Policy S1 in this Plan. 73 3.3.8.4 Proposals for new tourist facilities and attractions in the countryside will be encouraged to make best use of existing buildings. If new build schemes are proposed, applicants will also be expected to submit detailed evidence of genuine need to support the case for the proposal. This should include an analysis of market supply and demand (including evidence of similar establishments in the locality and their visitor numbers), and business plans. Applicants iv East of England Tourism Board, Economic Impact of Tourism – East Cambridgeshire, 2004 East Cambr must also submit evidence that all reasonable opportunities to re-use or redevelop existing rural buildings has been explored. Where new buildings are proposed, these should be sited to minimise visual impact – for example, normally as close as possible to existing buildings on the site, and in locations where maximum use is made of natural screening. idgeshire Core Str

3.3.8.5 In all cases, proposals for new tourist facilities and attractions will be expected to be in scale with their surroundings and avoid harm to the character and appearance of the area. In particular new tourist development should not adversely affect nature or wildlife habitats, which can be tourist attractions in their own right. Applications should also demonstrate that

ategy opportunities for sustainable travel arrangements have been explored, and suitable proposals should be incorporated as part of schemes. For example, opportunities for the provision of enhanced cycling and walking links, or enhanced public transport.

3.3.8.6 Some schemes which meet the requirements of criteria a) may be proposed as part of farm diversification schemes - and these proposals will also need to be assessed against Policy EC5.

Policy EC 8

Tourist facilities and visitor attractions

Proposals for new or extended tourist facilities and visitor attractions in the countryside will be supported where it can be demonstrated that:

a. The development requires a rural location, or is associated with the expansion of existing tourist facilities and attractions in the countryside; and b. If it involves new build, that there is an identified need for the new facility/attraction, and that all opportunities to re-use/replacement of rural buildings have been explored; and c. There would be no significant adverse impact on the character and appearance of the area or on nature and wildlife habitats; and d. The scheme is in scale with its location, particularly in relation to the amount and nature of traffic generated; and e. Opportunities have been explored for sustainable travel arrangements.

3.3.9 EC9 - Tourist accommodation

3.3.9.1 The district’s close proximity to Cambridge, Newmarket, King’s Lynn and make it an attractive destination for day visits and an increasingly popular destination for overnight stays. The Council’s Tourism Accommodation Assessment (2005) identifies a growing demand for tourist accommodation, particularly within the hotel, caravan and camping sectors. Additionally, ongoing improvements to the navigable waterways, including the 74 Waterways Link, means East Cambridgeshire is ideally placed to capitalise on growth within the leisure marine and boating holiday market.

3.3.9.2 Hotel development is specifically identified in national planning guidance as a key town centre use, which can add vitality and viability to town centres. Concentrating hotel development in sustainable town centre locations close to shops, services and public transport can help to reduce the need to travel and benefit the environment. As such, proposals for new hotel development or extensions to hotels will be assessed against Policy S1 which relates to town centre uses, and seeks to ensure a sequential approach is applied.

The Council’s Tourist Accommodation Assessment identified a future need for additional ategy hotel bedspaces to be provided in the district, and recommended that these should be focused either on Ely (as the main tourist centre in the district), and/or at as it is a key visitor attractor. The provision of a hotel at the racecourse could be a more sustainable location for racegoers than in Newmarket town. However, any proposal will also need to take account of priorities for hotel development in Newmarket identified by Forest Heath District Council. idgeshire Core Str

3.3.9.3 Whilst making provision for new hotel accommodation in the District, it is important to retain existing hotel stock. Facilities such as the Lamb Hotel in Ely provide a key role in meeting East Cambr business and tourist demand in city and adding to the vitality and viability of the town centre. To prevent the loss of such sites, the Council will only permit the loss of hotel accommodation to other uses where it can be demonstrated that the continued use as hotel would not be economically viable. In assessing viability, evidence will be required of occupancy rates and other relevant factors such as business plans, locational factors and ease of access for visitors by a variety of transport routes. Applicants will also need to submit documentary evidence that the site has been marketed for sale or let at a reasonable price for a period of at least 12 months.

3.3.9.4 Proposals for other types of tourist accommodation will need to be supported by evidence of genuine need.The Council’s Tourist Accommodation Assessment provides the benchmark for this assessment. If alternative levels of provision are being proposed, applicants will be expected to submit similar detailed evidence of market supply and future demand.

3.3.9.5 Accommodation should be located within settlements wherever possible. However, for caravan/camping/marinas/moorings it is recognised that locations on the edge of settlements may also be appropriate – and also where schemes are proposed as part of the expansion of existing accommodation (providing that they are in scale with the location, and accord with other criteria in the policy). Proposals for other unserviced holiday accommodation (e.g. holiday cottages) will only be appropriate in the countryside where they involve the re-use or redevelopment of existing rural buildings, in accordance with Policy EC3. In order to minimise the impact on the countryside, schemes should be limited to 1 or 2 holiday cottages only, and will not be appropriate where they involve new buildings. Where any type of unserviced accommodation is permitted, occupation will be restricted to short term holiday lets, in accordance with Policy EC10.

75 East Cambr Policy EC 9

Tourist accommodation idgeshire Core Str

Proposals for new hotel development or extensions to hotels will be assessed against the terms of Policy S1.

Proposals resulting in the loss of sites currently, or last used, for hotel accommodation will only

ategy be permitted where it can be demonstrated that the continued use of a site for hotel accommodation is no longer economically viable, nor has the potential to become viable, and that all reasonable efforts have been made to sell or let the property at a reasonable price for a period of at least 12 months.

Proposals for new or extended caravan, caravan-lodge, camping sites, marinas and moorings will be supported where:

The need for the additional accommodation can be justified Schemes are located within, or well related to, an existing settlement boundary, or on sites where existing service providers require additional space to expand; and There is no significant adverse impact on the character and appearance of the area, or nature and wildlife habitats; and The scheme is in scale with the rural location, particularly in relation to the amount and nature of traffic generated; and In the case of marinas and moorings, development would not impede navigation or lead to hazardous boat movements, harm the quality of the fisheries, or conflict with traditional river uses such as fishing, sailing and rowing.

Proposals for holiday cottage accommodation will be supported where:

The need for the additional accommodation can be justified; and Schemes are located within, or well related to, an existing settlement boundary; and In the case of schemes in the countryside, they involve the re-use of an existing building in the countryside for a maximum of 2 dwellings (and accord with criteria in Policy EC3), and do not involve new build accommodation.

3.3.10 EC10 - Holiday and seasonal occupancy conditions

3.3.10.1 There is demand for self-catering holiday accommodation across the District, particularly in the touring caravan, static caravan, caravan-lodge and boat sectors. Other types of self-catering accommodation includes holiday cottages. Unserviced holiday accommodation can bring benefits to the rural economy, particularly where under-used buildings are brought back into productive use, or where development forms part of a rural diversification scheme. 76 However, development pressures for housing and high land prices in East Cambridgeshire means that there is a potential risk that such units, once permitted, may be used as permanent residential accommodation.

3.3.10.2 The intention of this policy is to create a clear distinction between residential accommodation (which may or may not be used as second homes) and caravans/properties that are used as commercial holiday lets and therefore bring economic benefit to the area. Commercial holiday lets can support the rural economy through visitor spend at local shops, attractions

and facilities, whilst placing much less pressure on local services such as doctors and ategy schools, than permanent residential occupancy.

3.3.10.3 Conditions will therefore be placed on new unserviced holiday accommodation to ensure that properties are available as short-term commercial holiday lets for a substantial part of the year. This approach is in accordance with the Valuation Office definition of self-catering accommodation that states accommodation must be available for short periods totalling 140 idgeshire Core Str days a year. The Valuation Office also advises that letting for ‘short periods’ means letting for periods of a month or less, to different individuals on each occasion (v).

3.3.10.4 Additionally, in some cases holiday accommodation, whether by the character of its East Cambr construction, design or location, will also be unsuitable for continuous occupation. In such instances, the Council may restrict occupation to certain months of the year. Seasonal occupancy may also be appropriate to protect the local environment, for example, from visual intrusion or disturbance, impact upon nature conservation and habitats, or physical erosion within the site or its surroundings that occupation during certain times of the year may cause.

Policy EC 10

Holiday and seasonal occupancy conditions

Holiday occupancy conditions will be placed on new unserviced holiday accommodation requiring that:

a. The accommodation is occupied for holiday purposes only and shall not be occupied as any person’s sole or main residence; and b. It shall be available for commercial holiday lets for at least 140 days a year and no let must exceed 28 days; and c. The owners/operators of the site shall maintain an up-to-date register of lettings/occupation, including the owners/occupiers main home addresses, and shall make this information available at all reasonable times to the Local Planning Authority.

A seasonal occupancy condition will be attached where accommodation is not suitable for year-round occupation by nature of its construction, location or design, or proximity to a habitat that needs extra protection at certain times of the year.

77

v Valuation Office Rating Manual 5 – Section 480: Holiday Homes (self catering) East Cambr 3.4 Services and infrastructure

3.4.1 S1 - Location of retail and town centre uses idgeshire Core Str 3.4.1.1 As set out in strategic Policy CS5, town and village centres are at the heart of our community, and provide a focus for shopping, leisure, commercial and community facilities. The Government is committed to sustaining and enhancing the vitality and viability of these centres, and making town centres a particular focus for development. Planning guidance in PPS6 defines the type of development which would normally be expected to locate in

ategy town centres. The guidance terms these as ‘town centre uses’, and includes shops, leisure and entertainment facilities and intensive sport and recreation uses (including cinemas, bars and pubs, restaurants, nightclubs, sports centres, swimming pools, and indoor bowling centres), offices, and development related to the arts, culture and tourism (including theatres, museums, art galleries and hotels). These uses may also be present in village centres, although these tend to be small scale and focused on meeting local and daily community needs.

3.4.1.2 PPS6 advises that LDFs should include criteria-based policies for assessing windfall development proposals for retail and other town centre uses. Policy S1 seeks to provide this framework, and reflects the key considerations listed in PPS6. The policy approach also takes account of the hierarchy of centres in East Cambridgeshire and the Council’s strategic sequential preferences - as identified in Policy CS5.

3.4.1.3 The policy approach seeks to focus development within the identified town centres in the district, wherever possible.The town centre boundaries are identified in the Proposals Map. Edge of town and out of town locations may be appropriate in certain circumstances, according to the sequential tests and other tests set out in S1. The application of the sequential test involves assessing the suitability, deliverability and availability of sites, having regard to its proposed use.

3.4.1.4 As an exception to the sequential test, it is recognised that there may be some cases where small-scale local facilities may be appropriate in neighbourhoods within towns, where these serve clear localised neighbourhood/community needs. This may include corner shops, or localised leisure/community facilities. These proposals will need to accord with the criteria set out below. It is also recognised that farm shops may be appropriate, where these are provided as part of farm diversification schemes and accord with criteria in Policy EC5. In addition, although many tourist facilities and attractions (particularly those attracting significant numbers of people) should be located within settlements, there may be circumstances where tourist facilities/attractions require a rural location (for example, picnic sites, or wildlife centres), or where expansion is proposed in connection with existing tourist facilities or attractions in the countryside. Tourist facilities and attractions which meet these criteria will need to accord with the terms of Policy EC8 rather than Policy S1. Other proposals for tourist facilities and attractions will need to be assessed against the criteria in Policy S1. 78 Policy S 1 ategy

Location of retail and town centre uses

In town centres, proposals for retail and other ‘town centre uses’ will be supported where:

The scale and type of development is directly related to the role and function of the centre, idgeshire Core Str in accordance with the hierarchy in Policy CS5; and There would be no adverse effect on the vitality and viability of the centre, or on any other centres; and East Cambr The development would enhance the character and attractiveness of the centre and its locality, and not adversely affect residential amenity; and The local transport system is capable of accommodating the potential traffic implications, and necessary mitigation measures are provided to make the development viable in transport terms.

Outside town centres, proposals for retail and ‘town centre uses’ will need to demonstrate that:

The site is suitable for the proposed use and the building form and design is appropriate in the local context; and A need exists within the catchment area for the scale and type of development proposed; and The scale and type of development is directly related to the role and function of the centre or its locality, in accordance with the hierarchy in Policy CS5; and A sequential approach has been followed in the selection of the site, in accordance with national planning guidance; and There would be no adverse effect on the vitality and viability of the centre, or on any other centres; and The development would enhance the character and attractiveness of the centre and its locality, and not adversely affect residential amenity; and The development would be accessible by a choice of means of transport (including public transport, walking, and cycling), and the local transport system is capable of accommodating the potential traffic implications.

As an exception to this approach, support may be given to:

The provision of small-scale localised facilities in neighbourhoods outside town centres (such as corner shops and small-scale community-based leisure facilities), where it can be demonstrated that: The development would meet a clear localised neighbourhood need; and The development is not of a scale and type which should be located within identified town centres; and Other relevant criteria in Policy S1 are met 79 Farm shops, where provided as part of a farm diversification scheme in accordance with the criteria in Policy EC5 Proposals for tourist facilities and attractions which require a rural location, or are associated with the expansion of existing tourist facilities/attractions in the countryside – and which accord with criteria in Policy EC8 East Cambr 3.4.2 S2 - Retail uses in town centres

3.4.2.1 The health, vitality and viability of town centres depends upon their accessibility, attractiveness and ability to retain and develop a wide range of facilities and attract continued idgeshire Core Str investment. A significant proportion of A1 retail units in town centres is key in achieving this vision.

3.4.2.2 The town centres of Ely, Soham and Littleport are key areas for shopping, leisure and business activity in the district. A primary shopping frontage has also been identified within

ategy Ely town centre, where the proportion of retail uses is particularly high, and where the highest prime retail rents are concentrated. The boundaries of the town centres and the primary retail frontage are shown in the Proposals Map Development Plan Document.

3.4.2.3 The Council will seek to ensure that the shopping function of the town centres is protected. This is especially important in Ely, as the main shopping centre in the district, and therefore the Council will restrict the loss of A1 shop units in the primary shopping frontage of the town to no less than 60% of total floorspace. This level is slightly lower than the levels of A1 floorspace in the primary retail frontage, as identified in the Council’s Retail Study (2005). It is also proposed that, if the change of use involves provision of A2 retail use, it will only be appropriate if the proportion of A2 use in the primary area does not exceed 12%. This limit is considered to be necessary, in order to maintain the appropriate mix of uses and create a balanced central area, and is slightly higher than currently exists (as identified in the Council’s Retail Study 2005).

3.4.2.4 In the remainder of Ely town centre, and in the town centres of Soham and Littleport, a slightly more flexible approach is proposed. It is recognised that these areas play a different role to the core of Ely, and the provision of a wider range of services in these areas can encourage the enhanced sustainability of these settlements. Retail units are desirable but other uses may include professional and financial services, restaurants/cafes, pubs and takeaways, and cultural/community services. Nevertheless, the approach also recognises the importance of having a mix of sizes of shop units, in order to attract a range of uses and types of retailers, and the fact that there are only a small number of larger shop units in the town centres. The Council therefore seeks to protect against the loss of larger A1 retail units, which are defined as those with a net retail floorspace of 200m2 or more.

3.4.2.5 The loss of ground floor town centre units to housing can have an adverse impact on the health, vitality and vibrancy of town centres, and it is often hard to reverse as it normally involves a significant physical change to the frontage. Within the Ely Primary Shopping Frontage change of use to residential will not be acceptable. Within the remainder of Ely town centre, and in the town centres of Soham and Littleport, the Council seeks to avoid the change of use to residential units at ground floor level, unless it can be demonstrated that an alternative town centre use, relating to retail, leisure, business and cultural activities, is not reasonable and/or viable. As part of this, applicants will be expected to demonstrate evidence that efforts have been made to find alternative uses, including marketing of a unit 80 for sale or let at an appropriate price for at least 12 months. Policy S 2 ategy

Retail uses in town centres

In the defined Ely Primary Shopping Frontage the loss of A1 retail floorspace will only be permitted where: idgeshire Core Str The percentage of A1 retail floorspace does not fall below 60% of the net floorspace; and The proposal does not involve the loss of a shop unit measuring 200m2 or larger; and

The proposal would not result in A2 retail floorspace exceeding 12% of the net floorspace East Cambr The proposal does not involve ground floor residential development.

Within the remainder of Ely town centre, and in the town centres of Soham and Littleport, the loss of ground floor A1 shop units may be permitted provided that:

The proposal does not involve the loss of a shop unit measuring 200m2 or larger; and If residential development is proposed, the applicant will be required to submit clear evidence which demonstrates that alternative town centre uses are not viable and are not likely to become viable.

3.4.3 S3 - Retaining community facilities and open space

3.4.3.1 The provision of community facilities is key to maintaining the quality of life in local centres and boosting the social and economic vitality of the community as a whole. Community facilities include local shops, Post Offices, pubs, petrol filling stations, community meeting places and health care facilities, and open spaces and recreational facilities.

3.4.3.2 Although the loss of these facilities is more likely to be an issue in the villages where there is a limited range of shops and services, the loss of facilities in Market Towns can also have an impact on the local community, even where the facility is not the last one in the settlement. The reduction of available services and facilities can impact on the health of town centres/neighbourhoods, and can affect people living in the wider rural area served by a market town, as well as local inhabitants. The proposed approach will seek to prevent the loss of services and facilities unless there are exceptional reasons to justify their loss.

3.4.3.3 In the case of commercial community facilities such as shops and pubs, the Council will require evidence that the facility, in use or vacant, is neither viable nor likely to become viable before planning permission will be granted to change of use to residential. This evidence will normally consist of an applicant having marketed the enterprise or the property for its commercial/community use for at least 12 months in a manner and at a price that reflects that use. 3.4.3.4 In the case of non-commercial community facilities such as community halls and health 81 care facilities, where this may not be applicable, it should be demonstrated that there is a lack of community need for the facility. The local community should also be consulted regarding the relative importance of the facility in terms of its social role. This should take the form of proper documented evidence and should be agreed with the Council prior to the submission of a formal application. East Cambr 3.4.3.5 In the case of open spaces and outdoor recreational facilities, applicants will also be required to show that the facility does not make an important nature or visual contribution. Open spaces and recreational facilities provide a vital resource for the local community and help to define the character and quality of an area. They can also provide a haven for wildlife idgeshire Core Str and biodiversity. Open spaces and recreational facilities include parks, village greens, other amenity areas, allotments, play areas, playing fields and built sporting facilities.The Council’s Sports and Play Areas Assessment and Informal Open Space Assessment provide information on the community nature and visual contribution of open spaces and outdoor recreation facilities in the district.Where proposals result in the loss of open space provision,

ategy the relevant statutory stakeholders will need to be consulted.There are many valuable open spaces in the district and those that are within settlement boundaries may be subject to pressure for development.

3.4.3.6 The loss of a community facility may also exceptionally be justified where it also involves a proposal to make alternative provision of that facility, which is of equal or greater quality. Alternative facilities should also be in an equally or more accessible location to the original.

Policy S 3

Retaining community facilities and open space

Proposals that would lead to the loss of community facilities will only be permitted if:

a. It can be demonstrated that the retention of the facility is no longer financially viable and that all reasonable efforts have been made to sell or let the property at a realistic price for at least twelve months; or b. It can be demonstrated there is a lack of community need for the facility, and in the case of open space/outdoor recreation facilities, it does not make an important contribution in visual or nature conservation terms; or c. Alternative provision is made, of equivalent or better quality, in an appropriately accessible location.

3.4.4 S4 - Developer contributions

3.4.4.1 New development can place additional demands on infrastructure (vi) and community services/facilities (vii), as well as having impacts on the environment. Development schemes will be expected to provide or contribute towards the cost of providing infrastructure and services/facilities, where this is necessary to make the development acceptable in planning terms. In the case of contributions, this may sometimes involve developers contributing to a ‘strategic infrastructure pot’, as this approach can help to ensure that the cumulative impacts of development are properly planned for in a sustainable way. Contributions may 82 also be required to meet the management and maintenance of services and facilities provided by developers. Development schemes will also be expected to provide compensatory provision for any loss or damage arising – for example, the loss of open space, or wildlife habitat.

vi Infrastructure is defined as utility services (water supply, foul sewerage networks, sewage treatment works, and energy provision) drainage/flood protection, and the transport network vii Community services and facilities include open space, sport and recreational facilities, affordable housing, education, health, public transport services and cultural services. 3.4.4.2 Developer contributions and measures will usually be secured through the use of legal

agreements (known as planning obligations) between the developer/landowner and the ategy Council, or through the use of conditions attached to planning permission.The Government is currently reviewing the planning obligation tool, with the proposed introduction of a ‘Community Infrastructure Levy.’ However, it is indicated that the principle of seeking contributions and measures from developers towards improvements in infrastructure and services/facilities, as set out in this policy, will continue to apply. idgeshire Core Str 3.4.4.3 The nature and amount of contributions to be sought from developers will be related to the type of development, its potential impact on the site/local area, strategic priorities, economic viability matters, and levels of existing infrastructure and community service/facility provision. East Cambr An accompanying Supplementary Planning Document will provide detail on the range of potential infrastructure and service/facility requirements, and the level of provision required. The SPD will also explore the range of potential environmental improvements needed, either on or off-site arising from new development. The SPD will provide the basis for negotiations between developers and the Council, and will be reviewed and updated as necessary (including to take account of national changes in the way that planning obligations operate).

3.4.4.4 If it is claimed that a development is unable to support the costs of contributions or compensatory measures, the Council is willing for this to be the subject of negotiations. In such cases developers will have to demonstrate non-viability by an ‘open book’ approach – which involves sharing information on development costs and profit margins with the Council. Developers will have to demonstrate exceptional or particular circumstances to justify a reduction in contributions. Reductions will not be acceptable in relation to contributions required towards infrastructure which is essential in order to allow the development to proceed. This is defined in strategic Policy CS7, and could include the provision of vital drainage/flood protection measures, or the provision of transport improvements to the highway network which are required to ensure public safety.

3.4.4.5 Contributions or measures may be sought in relation to the following:

Affordable housing Education and care provision Public open space, sport and recreational facilities Strategic green infrastructure Health and social care Community facilities (including meeting halls, library services, youth activities, and cultural services) Utilities infrastructure Nature conservation and wildlife mitigation measures Town/village centre improvements Transport (including footpaths, cycleways, bridleways, highway infrastructure, public transport, community transport, car parks and travel planning) Drainage/flood prevention 83 Waste/recycling facilities Public art East Cambr Policy S 4

Developer contributions idgeshire Core Str

Development proposals will be expected to:

a. Provide or contribute towards the cost of providing infrastructure and community services/facilities made necessary by the proposal (this may include contributions to meet

ategy any future Community Infrastructure Levy, standard charges and/or standard formulae as appropriate) b. Where appropriate, contribute towards the on-going maintenance and management of services and facilities provided as part of a) c. Offset the loss of any significant amenity or resource through compensatory provision elsewhere

The Council will use planning conditions or planning obligations to secure these contributions and measures.

The type, amount and phasing of contributions sought from developers will be related to the form of the development, its potential impact on the site and surrounding area, and levels of existing infrastructure and community services/facilities. Where appropriate, any such provision will be required to be provided on-site. Where this is not possible, a commuted payment will be sought. Details of the Council’s approach to developer contributions and planning obligations will be set out in a Supplementary Planning Document.

3.4.5 S5 - Telecommunications

3.4.5.1 The need for telecommunication systems including exchanges and broadcast towers to support the use of the telephone, radio, television or computer has expanded rapidly in recent years, and they are key to the local economy. Whilst the Council is keen to facilitate their growth, it is important that environmental and visual impacts are kept to a minimum. Therefore, the Council strongly encourages the sharing of existing telecommunication infrastructure, and the use of existing buildings and structures to accommodate new equipment. Applicants will be required to submit evidence as part of a planning application, setting out details of measures taken to achieve mast sharing or site equipment in existing buildings – and reasons why this cannot be achieved. The policy also seeks to ensure that the visual impact of a scheme is minimised through careful siting, design and appearance of equipment. If the proposals are within sites of international, national or local nature conservation importance, then operators will be expected to demonstrate that alternative sites have been considered and are not available. 84 3.4.5.2 Operators will also be required to provide evidence regarding the need for the proposed development in terms of contributing to the operator’s national network. This may involve the submission of details relating to market demand and supply, and business plans.

3.4.5.3 Conditions will be applied to permissions requiring the removal of any mast/apparatus and reinstatement of the site to its former condition if the equipment becomes redundant. 3.4.5.4 As directed by Government, the planning system is not the place for determining health

safeguards, and if a proposed mobile phone base station meets the ICNIRP (International ategy Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) guidelines for public exposure then the planning authority should not need to consider the health aspects or any related concerns.

Policy S 5 idgeshire Core Str Telecommunications

Development for telecommunications equipment will be permitted where: East Cambr

a. No reasonable possibilities exist to share existing telecommunication facilities or site equipment on or within existing structures or buildings; and b. It will be sited and designed to minimise its impact on the character and appearance of the area; and c. In the case of applications within sites of international, national or local nature conservation importance, there are no locations outside the designated areas, which would serve the network; and d. There is a justifiable need for the development in terms of contributing to the operator’s national network; and e. If approved, provision is made for the removal of the facilities and reinstatement of the site to its former condition should it cease to be operational.

3.4.6 S6 - Transport impact

3.4.6.1 The transport impact of new development is a key planning issue which needs to be fully assessed, in order to ensure that development proposals are well connected and safe.

3.4.6.2 The planning design process should ensure access to a site is safe and convenient, and the needs of all users, including pedestrians, cyclists, the disabled and occupants of vehicles, are taken into account. This should include provision of routes for walking and cycling in order to encourage sustainable forms of movement as an alternative to the car. Further guidance in terms of travel routes and vehicular access is set out in Policy EN2 on Design.

3.4.6.3 Traffic generated by a development is also a key consideration and the Council needs to ensure that road safety is not jeopardised by allowing proposals that would generate levels of traffic beyond the capacity of the surrounding road network.Traffic generation can impact on the quality of people’s lives, the character of an area, and the environment. Particular care should be paid to proposals that generate a large net increase in trips, involve heavy lorry movements, or result in high levels of on-street parking in the vicinity. This policy approach should be read in conjunction with Policy S7 on parking provision. 85 3.4.6.4 Planning applications need to address the transport implications of the proposed development. All schemes will need to include the submission of a Transport Statement, setting out potential trip levels and any local transport issues. Schemes which create significant transport implications will require the submission of a detailed Transport Assessment in conjunction with the planning application, setting out full impacts and potential mitigation measures, to illustrate how the amount of trips generated will be accommodated and how accessibility to the site by all modes of transport will be achieved. Developers East Cambr should seek advice from the District Council and County Council prior to submission of an application as to whether a Transport Assessment will be required. Applicants are advised to discuss the content of the Transport Assessment with the County Council to ensure that it is agreed to the satisfaction of the County Council as Highway Authority. idgeshire Core Str

3.4.6.5 Proposals that are likely to have significant transport implications are also required to submit a Travel Plan, the purpose of which is to enable options for sustainable travel and reduction in car use to be explored. Again, applicants should seek advice from the Council prior to submission of an application as to whether a Travel Plan will be required. ategy

Policy S 6

Transport impact

Development should be designed to reduce the need to travel, particularly by car, and should promote sustainable forms of transport appropriate to its particular location. Development proposals shall:

a. Provide safe and convenient access to the highway network; b. Provide an appropriate network of routes for walking and cycling; c. Be capable of accommodating the level/type of traffic generated without detriment to the local highway network and the amenity, character or appearance of the locality; d. Be accompanied by a Transport Statement. Or if the proposals are likely to result in significant transport implications, by a Transport Assessment. The coverage and detail of this should reflect the scale of development and the extent of the transport implications; and e. Be accompanied by a Travel Plan for developments that are likely to have significant transport implications.

3.4.7 S7 - Parking provision

3.4.7.1 The availability of car parking can have a significant effect on people’s choice of transport. Government guidance in PPG13 therefore seeks to restrict the level of car parking on new developments and promote more sustainable modes of transport. Car parking can also impact upon the appearance of a development and the efficient use of land, as parking takes up a great deal of space.

3.4.7.2 Nevertheless, East Cambridgeshire is a mainly rural area, with limited public transport facilities, and car parking has a role in improving access to local services and facilities. The under-provision of parking on new developments may also lead to on-street parking creating potential highway safety problems and unsightly street environments. Given the rural nature 86 of the district, it is therefore considered that development schemes should generally provide close to the maximum car and cycle parking standards set out in Appendix 3. However, flexibility is also required to take account of different site locations and circumstances. Therefore, the application of the standards may be varied in exceptional circumstances – for example, to take account of the accessibility of the site by non-car modes, or where lower levels of provision would protect or enhance the character of Conservation Areas in town and village centres. Applicants will be required to submit justification for any proposed parking standards as part of the planning application. In relation to accessibility, applicants

proposing lower standards will need to demonstrate the existence of high quality and frequent ategy public transport links, and high quality pedestrian and cycle links.

3.4.7.3 It is also important to provide adequate cycle parking to encourage more sustainable forms of transport. These are set as a minimum, as the availability of secure cycle parking is a key factor in determining whether people chose to cycle or not. Cycle parking for employees should, wherever practicable, be covered in a convenient and secure location. idgeshire Core Str

3.4.7.4 It is also important to encourage development schemes which provide public car parking to share this facility, as this should help to reduce the overall number of car parking spaces required in an area, and make better use of land. East Cambr

Policy S 7

Parking provision

Development proposals should provide adequate levels of car and cycle parking, and make provision for parking in accordance with the Council’s parking standards (including parking for people with disabilities).

In exceptional circumstances, parking standards may be varied in order to reflect the accessibility of the site by non-car modes, or if lower levels of provision would protect or enhance the character of Conservation Areas.

Public parking provided in development schemes should be shared with other uses, where the location and patterns of use allow.

87 East Cambr 3.5 Environment

3.5.1 EN1 - Landscape and settlement character idgeshire Core Str 3.5.1.1 Attractive and distinctive local landscapes can help to raise the quality of the environment and the quality of people’s lives, and can also help to support tourism. High priority is therefore given to the protection, conservation and enhancement of landscape character. As part of this approach, new development should be well designed and help sustain and/or create landscapes and townscapes with a strong sense of place and local identity. ategy 3.5.1.2 In protecting landscape and settlement character the Council will also expect important views out of settlements to be maintained, important open spaces to be retained and wildlife features to be undisturbed, as detailed in other policies within this plan.

3.5.1.3 The countryside in East Cambridgeshire is characterised by three main landscape types that are very different from one another. In the north, form one of the richest farming regions in Europe. The large open, flat and low lying landscape, crossed by numerous drainage channels, provides long distance views of trees, farm buildings and settlements. There are many ‘islands’ of land that rise above the surrounding levels, which were the traditional areas of settlement, and remain today as places where most development is concentrated.

3.5.1.4 South of the fens the landscape changes to gently undulating chalkland extending between Cambridge and Newmarket. This region was mostly too dry for early settlement, although the dryness and light vegetation meant that it was an ideal route for ancient communications. In recent times this area has been devoted to growing cereal crops, creating a broad scale landscape of large fields, low hedges and relatively few trees. Around Newmarket, the growth of the horse racing industry has imposed a distinctive pattern of small, tree-lined paddocks and stud farms creating a wooded character to the landscape.

3.5.1.5 To the south of this chalkbelt lie the south–east clay hills which are an undulating belt of gently rolling hills and scattered woodland. Within this landscape a number of small hamlets and villages have developed in sheltered locations, often originally built to take advantage of the natural springs.

3.5.1.6 These character areas are described in more detail in the County Council’s ‘Cambridgeshire Landscape Guidelines’, an up-dated version of which will be adopted as a Supplementary Planning Document. The District Council's ‘Ely Environmental Capacity Study’ provides a more detailed assessment of the landscape character of Ely and its environs, and it is proposed that this document will also be adopted as SPD. Other studies that contribute to the evidence base about landscape and the character of settlements in the District include Conservation Area Appraisals, and Parish Plans. This information should be used by developers to ensure that proposals reflect the distinctive character, qualities and sensitivities of the area. More information on Conservation Areas is contained in Policy EN5. 88 3.5.1.7 The nature of the fens and southern rolling hills, interspersed with small low lying villages, results in broad open skies, which add considerably to the landscape. At night the rural nature of the area means that only urban areas are brightly lit. It is important that these open skies are protected from inappropriate development, especially from increased light pollution at night in order to allow the night sky to be seen, and that new development retains the openness and tranquillity of the area and protects wildlife. Policy EN 1 ategy

Landscape and settlement character

Proposals for development should be informed by, and be sympathetic to, the distinctive character areas defined in the Cambridgeshire Landscape Guidelines. idgeshire Core Str Development proposals should demonstrate that their location, scale, design and materials will protect, conserve, and where possible enhance:

a. The pattern of distinctive landscape features, such as watercourses, characteristic vegetation, East Cambr woodland, trees, field patterns, hedges and walls, and their function as ecological corridors for wildlife dispersal b. The settlement edge, space between settlements, and their wider landscape setting c. Visually sensitive skylines, hillsides and geological features d. The unspoilt nature and tranquillity of the area e. Nocturnal character.

3.5.2 EN2 - Design

3.5.2.1 Well-designed, safe and attractive new development which respects its surroundings can help to raise the quality of the built environment and have a significant impact on everyday life. Good design is a key element in sustainable development and it is a strongly held aspiration of the Council to raise the standard of design in all proposals to assist vitality, and create a ‘sense of place’ in communities and neighbourhoods.

3.5.2.2 The Government requires Design and Access Statements to be submitted with most planning applications. These Statements are intended to demonstrate how a proposal is functional, attractive and accessible to all. Comprehensive guidance on the format and content of a Statement is provided on the Council’s website. Further information on design can be found in ‘Building for Life’ published by CABE, which includes advice on character, public space, design and construction, and the surrounding environment and community. Also helpful in street design is the Government publication ‘Manual for Streets’ which gives advice on the creation of high quality residential streets. The Council encourages developers to incorporate these principals in their proposals. Developers are also encouraged to go beyond minimum access standards contained in Building Regulations to provide higher standards of accessibility for all within public spaces and individual buildings.

3.5.2.3 Development must be of the appropriate scale, design and materials for its location and conform to the design principals set out in the policy below. All new buildings and spaces must enhance and respect their surroundings and contribute towards local identity, whilst securing and maintaining a high level of general amenity for residents and workers in the 89 district. The particular importance of design in areas of historic conservation is detailed in Policy EN5.

3.5.2.4 The importance of new developments complementing and relating to their surroundings, whilst being safe and accessible to all, is established in the strategic objectives of the Core Strategy. The objectives also seek to mitigate the impacts of climate change, and the environmental performance of new buildings is addressed in Policy EN3 ‘Sustainable East Cambr construction and energy efficiency’. Good design can reduce energy consumption and improve sustainability and the Council will actively promote development incorporating new technology and contemporary design where it provides appropriate visual context or contrast in respect of its surroundings. idgeshire Core Str

3.5.2.5 Crime, and the fear of crime, are amongst the top concerns of local communities, and these concerns are reflected in the strategic objectives of this plan. Design can make a significant contribution towards reducing the scope for crime, and create more pleasant and reassuring environments in which to live and work. In addition to appropriate design of buildings, open

ategy spaces must be safe and believed to be safe so that their full enjoyment for play, walking, sport and general amenity can be fully utilised and appreciated. Increasing natural surveillance, layout of roads and paths, planting, positioning and use of open space, and secure standards of doors and windows are areas for particular consideration. In town centres covered by CCTV systems developers will be required to consider these facilities in their design and/or contribute to the siting/re-siting of cameras where appropriate. National guidance to assist in designing out crime is contained in ‘Secured by Design’, and developers are advised to contact Cambridgeshire Constabulary for further advice.

3.5.2.6 Good design can help to ensure that the best use is made of land, as required by Government guidance in PPS3. The piecemeal incremental development of an area with no regard to an overall plan or concept development of a large site can result in an unsatisfactory form of development by preventing proper consideration of how various elements, such as landscaping, open space and footpaths, fit together, thus preventing a holistic approach to design. Piecemeal development schemes which would prevent adjacent land or other nearby sites from coming forward – for example, by impeding future access, will also be resisted. However, phased development will be supported where it is related to a comprehensive scheme/master plan which addresses overall infrastructure provision, access and internal circulation by pedestrians, cyclists and motor vehicles, landscaping, open space and play space provision, and affordable housing.

3.5.2.7 Good connectivity and movement between spaces requires a high standard of design. The Council is committed to reducing dependence on the car, minimising the impact of car parking, and improving accessibility for pedestrians, people with impaired mobility, cyclists, horse riders and public transport. All development proposals will be required to incorporate safe, attractive and convenient road design, access and parking arrangements and pedestrian routes as detailed in Policies S7 and S8. The advice of the County Highways Authority will be sought in relation to these issues. Development schemes should aim to protect and enhance existing links and look for opportunities to improve and expand them.

3.5.2.8 For large and more complex schemes the Council will require a more detailed development brief to be submitted in advance of an application, and shared with the local community. Such information will show how the design has evolved and how design-related considerations have been addressed. It will also provide an opportunity for engagement of the local community at an early stage, and enable the Council to check that key issues have 90 been addressed, thus helping to speed up the planning application process. It is not appropriate to be precise about when a development brief may be required, as much depends on the nature of the site and the proposal. Developers will need to discuss the issue with the Council at an early stage in proceedings.

3.5.2.9 It is proposed to produce an East Cambridgeshire Design Guide to be adopted as SPD. This will contain more detailed guidance on how design should compliment local architectural traditions, and how sustainable construction techniques can be incorporated within the context of the quality and character of the existing built heritage. Other detailed local context

information can be found in Conservation Area Appraisals, the Ely Environmental Capacity ategy Study, the Cambridgeshire Landscape Guidelines and Parish Plans, and these should be taken into account. Reviews of these documents will occur during the lifetime of the LDF and the most up to date material should be referred to.

3.5.2.10 Guidance on the appropriate design of shopfronts and advertisements will be set out in the Shopfronts and Advertisements Supplementary Planning Document. Further general design idgeshire Core Str guidance can be found in Government guidance document ‘By Design’, the companion to PPS1. East Cambr

91 East Cambr Policy EN 2

Design idgeshire Core Str

All development will be designed to a high quality, reinforcing local distinctiveness. Design which fails to have regard to local context and does not preserve or enhance the character, appearance and quality of an area will not be acceptable.

ategy New development proposals, extensions and alterations to existing buildings and structures will be expected to:

a. Have regard to the East Cambridgeshire Design Guide b. Incorporate the sustainable construction principles contained in Policy EN3 c. Make efficient use of land while respecting the density, character, landscape and biodiversity of the surrounding area d. Be developed in a comprehensive way, avoiding piecemeal development e. Retain existing important landscaping and natural and historic features and include landscape enhancement schemes that are compatible with the Council’s Landscape Guidelines for recreation and biodiversity f. Ensure that the scale, massing and materials of buildings relate sympathetically to the surrounding area g. Provide structure by making use of existing views, vistas and landmarks and creating new ones h. Create safe environments addressing crime prevention and community safety i. Make a clear distinction between public and private spaces, and enhance the public realm j. Ensure that places and buildings are accessible to all, including the elderly and those with impaired mobility k. Provide enclosure to street and spaces through the grouping, positioning and height of buildings and landscape features, and road layouts l. Incorporate the highway and access principles contained in Policy S6 m. Ensure that car parking is discrete and accessible and provided in accordance with Policy S7 n. Provide adequate waste and recycling storage/collection areas o. Where appropriate, contain a variety and mix of uses, buildings and landscaping p. Ensure there is no significantly detrimental effect on the residential amenity of nearby occupiers, and that occupiers of new dwellings are provided with acceptable residential amenity q. Ensure that there is no detrimental effect on the appreciation of Ely as an historic cathedral city in the quality of the approaches and the quality of views of the cathedral distant and close to.

The Council may require the submission of development briefs for certain proposals, and will 92 notify developers of this requirement at an early stage in the conception of proposals. 3.5.3 EN3 - Sustainable construction and energy efficiency ategy 3.5.3.1 Maximising energy efficiency and reducing resource consumption in new development schemes can help to reduce CO² emissions and reduce the impacts on climate change. This policy seeks to ensure that all development schemes achieve greater efficiency in the use of natural resources, and includes measures to minimise energy demand and resource use; for example, improvements in water efficiency and waste minimisation will be achieved in this way. This will involve consideration of building design, layout and orientation, the use idgeshire Core Str of sustainable (including re-used) materials, and consideration of a scheme’s resilience in terms of future implications of climate change. Incorporation of these measures will also

help to reduce the running costs of buildings and create attractive and healthy places for East Cambr people to live and work by use of natural light and ventilation.

3.5.3.2 Climate change could have major implications on the UK’s climate, resulting in more extreme weather events, increased incidents of flooding, hotter Summers, and rising sea levels. There could be severe long-term consequences for East Cambridgeshire, as it contains significant areas at or below sea level, and has an agricultural economy.

3.5.3.3 The provision of decentralised and renewable or low carbon energy schemes can also help reduce the environmental impacts and this is covered in Policy EN4 on Renewable Energy. Further guidance on design for sustainable construction will be set out in a Supplementary Planning Document on Design.

Policy EN 3

Sustainable construction and energy efficiency

All development proposals should seek to maximise energy efficiency and minimise energy demand and resource use through sustainable design and construction. Applicants will be required to demonstrate how schemes achieve these aims, and how they are located and designed to withstand the longer-term impacts of climate change.

3.5.4 EN4 - Renewable energy

3.5.4.1 The provision of energy from renewable sources such as solar, wind, hydro-power, biomass and geo-thermal technologies, alongside improving energy efficiency, has a vital role to play in reducing our reliance on fossil fuels and delivering the Government commitments on climate change and renewable energy.

3.5.4.2 Government policy in PPS1 promotes the use of renewable energy, including the incorporation of small-scale renewable energy technologies such as solar panels, micro-scale wind turbines and geothermal heating, within all types of large developments, provided that 93 adverse environmental impacts do not outweigh the wider economic, social and environmental benefits. Policy ENG2 of RSS requires suppliers to increase the provision of electricity from renewable sources to 10% by 2010 and it seeks 17% of the region's energy from renewable sources by 2020. Policy EN2 below accords with national and regional guidance, and sets out the Council’s requirements in relation to the provision of decentralised and renewable or low carbon energy to provide 10% of a scheme’s energy requirements where a development comprises 10 or more dwellings or 1,000m2 of gross floorspace. This East Cambr target will be reviewed through the monitoring framework of the Core Strategy and should be increased as technologies improve. If it can be demonstrated that the incorporation of renewable energy resources are not practical on site, off site provision will be sought through commuted payments to reduce energy usage in the locality. idgeshire Core Str

3.5.4.3 Proposals for renewable energy schemes, on-site and off-site, will be supported wherever possible and their wider environmental, social and economic benefits will be given significant weight in planning decisions. In the balancing exercise, full consideration will be given to potential impacts on the environment and amenity, key views, in particular of Ely Cathedral,

ategy protected species and residential amenity, and significant adverse effects should be avoided. Various types of technology will give rise to different impacts, and this policy sets out the broad criteria against which any scheme for renewable energy will be assessed.

Policy EN 4

Renewable energy

Development comprising 10 or more dwellings or 1,000m2 gross non residential floorspace or more, is required to provide at least 10% of its energy requirements from decentralised and renewable or low carbon sources.

Proposals for renewable energy and associated infrastructure will be supported wherever possible, unless their wider environmental, social and economic benefits would be outweighed by significant adverse effects on:

a. The environment and amenity (impacts can be minimised through careful siting, design and use of landscaping); b. Key views, in particular those of Ely Cathedral; c. Protected species; and d. Residential amenity.

Sites of international nature conservation importance should not be adversely affected unless there are no alternative sites and there are imperative reasons of overriding public interest.

Sites of national or local nature conservation importance and Green Belt areas should not be adversely affected unless any significant adverse effects are outweighed by wider social, economic and environmental benefits.

Provision should be made for the removal of facilities and reinstatement of the site, should the facilities cease to operate.

94 3.5.5 EN5 - Historic conservation ategy 3.5.5.1 East Cambridgeshire contains a great wealth and variety of buildings and areas that are of special importance to the character and appearance of towns and villages, the most famous being Ely Cathedral. Just as the landscape changes from open fen in the north to more undulating areas of chalk and clay hills in the south, the character of buildings and settlements also change, reflecting the considerable diversity of the area. Certain proposals affecting Conservation Areas and Listed Buildings are subject to specific consent procedures, and idgeshire Core Str PPG15 sets out the detailed considerations that must be followed in these applications.The Core Strategy aims to ensure that the built heritage is conserved and enhanced by

sympathetic preservation and high quality design. East Cambr

Conservation Areas

3.5.5.2 The Council has designated 29 Conservation Areas in the district. These are listed in Appendix 5 and the boundaries are shown on the accompanying Proposals Map. These areas have been designated due to their particular architectural or historic interest, taking account of the overall quality of the area, mix and style of buildings, quality of open spaces, and other features which contribute to the overall character. The Council is currently undertaking a programme of Conservation Area reviews, looking at their boundaries, character and general condition through the production of Conservation Area Appraisals. In addition to the review of existing Conservation Areas the programme also includes the designation of new Conservation Areas. The Conservation Area Appraisals for both the revised and new Conservation Areas will be adopted as Supplementary Planning Documents to the LDF.

3.5.5.3 Designation emphasises the special care that must be taken over the design, layout and materials of development proposals to ensure the character and appearance of these areas is retained and enhanced. Traditional features and locally characteristic designs should be recognised and reflected in development proposals. However, new development does not always have to mimic the past, and high quality designed schemes which provide a successful visual contrast with their surroundings may also preserve and enhance character.

3.5.5.4 Demolition of buildings in Conservation Areas will be resisted, except in very exceptional cases where it can be satisfactorily demonstrated that the building is structurally unsound or of little or no importance to the character and appearance of the area. In all circumstances, demolition will only be allowed if planning permission has already been obtained for the redevelopment of the site, to ensure the special character of the area is preserved or enhanced.

3.5.5.5 Where necessary, the Council will use Urgent Works and Repairs Notices, Section 215 notices and Article 4 Directions to maintain and enhance the quality of Conservation Areas.

Listed Buildings

3.5.5.6 Buildings are listed by English Heritage in national recognition of their special architectural 95 or historic interest, and any works which affect the character of a Listed Building require Listed Building Consent. Within the district there are almost 930 Listed Buildings, about 100 of which are Grade I or Grade II*. The high ratio of Grade I and II* is due in part to Anglesey Abbey and the Ely Cathedral complex. The main aim of listing is to prevent alterations which are detrimental to the special character of the building or structure, including the interior. The Council is committed to identifying Listed Buildings at risk and encouraging their repair and reuse, and will take formal action to enforce repair, where appropriate. The East Cambr setting of a Listed Building is also important, and proposals which detract from the setting will be resisted. Similarly, where a Listed Building has landscape value, contributing to the wider setting of a settlement or the countryside, it will be necessary to demonstrate that development proposals do not adversely affect character or views. idgeshire Core Str

3.5.5.7 There is a strong presumption in favour of the preservation of Listed Buildings and demolition will be approved only in the most exceptional circumstances as set out in Policy EN5, after applicants have demonstrated that every effort has been made to keep the building. If demolition is permitted, the Council is likely to require an appropriate archive of the features

ategy and fabric that would be lost. Often the best way of preserving a Listed Building will be by securing an active, economically viable use, and sympathetic consideration will be given to proposals which help to secure the long term future of the building. Such proposals will only be acceptable where there is no detriment to the structure, character, appearance or setting of the building.

Locally Listed Buildings

3.5.5.8 Government policy in PPG15 ‘Planning and the Historic Environment’ 2004 gives provision for local authorities to draw up lists of locally important buildings which make a valuable contribution to the local scene or local history, but which do not merit national listing. These will be given additional protection and their status will be a material consideration, but they will not enjoy the full protection of statutory listing. A local list will be developed by the Council in conjunction with local amenity groups.

Archaeological Sites and Monuments

3.5.5.9 East Cambridgeshire has a rich and varied archaeological heritage. In the north of the district, settlement from the early pre-historic period focused on the dry land of the and surrounding fen margins, although well preserved artefacts and organic remains may occur in the areas of fen. Extensive evidence of Roman activity survives throughout the district, and in addition to the historic City of Ely, numerous medieval villages and towns survive to the present day. The Council wishes to make every effort to safeguard this archaeological heritage, which is vulnerable to modern development and land use. Known sites of national importance are designated as ‘Scheduled Ancient Monuments’, and these are shown on the Proposals Map and listed in Appendix 5. Other sites of regional or local significance are listed in the County Historic Environment Record, maintained by Cambridgeshire County Council. As most archaeological remains are yet to be discovered it is crucial that sites of potential interest are appropriately assessed. Development adversely affecting a site of known or identified national importance will be resisted and the impact of development on all types of remains should be minimised. There will usually be a presumption in favour of in-situ preservation of remains, unless it can be shown that the recording of remains, assessment, analysis, report, publication and deposition of archive is more appropriate. Such recording should take place before development starts. The Council will be guided in these issues by Government advice contained in PPG16 96 ‘Archaeology and Planning’ (1990), and advice from the Cambridgeshire County Archaeology Department. Historic Parks and Gardens ategy 3.5.5.10 The District contains a number of areas of historic parkland and gardens that form an important part of the county’s heritage and environment. The most significant sites are identified within English Heritage’s ‘Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest’ and as advised by the County Council's Archaeology Team (and reflected in the list in the East Cambridgeshire District Local Plan).These sites are shown on the Proposals Map and are listed in Appendix 5. The registers have no statutory status but PPG15 states idgeshire Core Str that the planning system should be used to protect the character, appearance, amenity value and setting of these sites. East Cambr

Policy EN 5

Historic conservation

Development proposals, within, or affecting a Conservation Area should:

Be of a particularly high standard of design and materials that will preserve or enhance the character or appearance of the area Retain attractive traditional features such as original doors, windows and boundary walls Only involve the demolition of buildings where: They are of little or no importance to the architectural, historic or visual character or appearance of the area; or They are structurally unsound (for reasons other than deliberate damage or neglect) and beyond reasonable repair, and measures to sustain an existing use or find an alternative use have been explored and failed; and in all cases Detailed proposals for reconstruction or redevelopment have received planning permission.

Proposals to extend, alter or change the use of a Listed Building, or which affect the setting of a Listed Building will only be permitted where they would:

Preserve the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses; and Support the long term preservation of the building.

Proposals to demolish all or part of a Listed Building will only be permitted in very exceptional cases where:

The building is structurally unsound (for reasons other than deliberate damage or neglect) and beyond all reasonable repair; and All possible measures to sustain an existing use or find an alternative use have been explored and failed, and preservation in charitable or community ownership is not possible or sustainable; or 97 Where redevelopment would bring wider public benefits; and Preservation in a charitable or community ownership is not possible or suitable; and Detailed proposals for reconstruction or redevelopment have received planning permission.

The Council will take action to enforce repair of Listed Buildings where appropriate. East Cambr Development proposals will not be permitted where this would harm the visual, architectural or historic value of a Locally Listed Building

The demolition of a Locally Listed Building will not be permitted unless: idgeshire Core Str

The building is structurally unsound and beyond reasonable repair; or All possible measures to sustain an existing use or find an alternative use have been explored and failed, and redevelopment would bring wider public benefits; and in all cases Detailed proposals for reconstruction or redevelopment have received planning permission. ategy Development proposals at all sites of known or potential archaeological interest will:

Require the submission of an archaeological evaluation/ assessment by a suitably qualified person; and Not be permitted where there would be an adverse effect on nationally important archaeological sites, including Scheduled Ancient Monuments

Where development is granted at sites of archaeological interest, the in-situ preservation of remain will be preferred. Where this is not justified or feasible, provision should be made for a programme of excavation, recording, reporting and publication of remains to take place before development starts.

Development proposals which adversely affect the character, appearance, amenity or setting of historic parks and gardens will not be permitted.

3.5.6 EN6 - Biodiversity and geology

3.5.6.1 Biodiversity is defined as ‘the wealth of wildlife around us’. The flora and fauna of Cambridgeshire are an integral part of the environment that must be protected, and the Council considers that with sensitive planning and development it is possible to promote and enhance biodiversity and geological conservation. The Council’s approach reflects Government policy contained in PPS9 ‘Biodiversity and Geological Conservation’ (2005).

3.5.6.2 The district is home to a number of sites of international, national and local importance for nature conservation, and their protection and enhancement is paramount. These sites are shown on the Proposals Map.

3.5.6.3 The most important sites are internationally designated sites. Such sites within the district are:

The Ouse Washes, which is a Special Protection Area and Special Area of Conservation and a ; Chippenham Fen, which is a Special Area of Conservation, a RAMSAR site (and also 98 a nationally designated National Nature Reserve); and Wicken Fen, which is a Special Area of Conservation, RAMSAR site (and also a nationally designated National Nature Reserve). 3.5.6.4 A list of these sites, together with an explanation of their designation can be found in

Appendix 5. These internationally important sites have statutory protection and have specific ategy legal procedures when development is proposed, under the Conservation (Natural Habitats & c.) Regulations, and therefore do not require further protection within this Plan.

3.5.6.5 There are a range of nationally important sites across the district including the 2 National Nature Reserves referred to above, and 19 designated Sites of Special Scientific Interest (with one designated partly for its geological value). Policy EN6 seeks to ensure that idgeshire Core Str development proposals do not adversely affect the quality and integrity of these sites and they will be given a high level of protection. Planning permission will not normally be granted for development which would have an adverse effect, and the advice in PPS9 on dealing East Cambr with planning applications will be strictly adhered to. Protection will also be given to non-statutory sites of regional and local importance, in accordance with PPS9, as these have a fundamental role to play in meeting overall national biodiversity targets. Regional and locally important sites in the district include 81 County Wildlife Sites, 24 areas of Ancient Woodland, 2 Local Nature Reserves (at Isleham and Little Downham), and 12 Protected Roadside Verges (most of which are also County Wildlife Sites). All are listed in Appendix 5, and further information on the district’s County Wildlife Sites is contained in the Council’s County Wildlife Sites Assessment (2005), which will be adopted as a Supplementary Planning Document.

3.5.6.6 All proposals should consider the protection and enhancement of biodiversity from the outset, and should be accompanied by sufficient information to assess the effects of development on protected sites, species, biodiversity or geology, together with any proposed prevention (the preferred course of action), mitigation or compensation measures (which are the least favoured). The Cambridge and Peterborough Biological Records Centre can provide general species distribution data for development sites and further information is available from the local Wildlife Trust and the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Biodiversity Partnership. In all proposals where there is thought to be an impact on biodiversity or geodiversity, the Council will seek guidance from appropriate experts, such as the local Wildlife Trust.

3.5.6.7 East Cambridgeshire boasts many environmental features throughout the district such as trees, woodlands, ponds, and hedgerows. These provide habitats, corridors and links for wildlife, forming an essential network which is necessary to ensure the diversity and survival of species. Often these features add to the character and appearance of the local area. This is especially the case in respect of trees, as Cambridgeshire is one of the least wooded counties in England. A number of trees of importance for their landscape or amenity value have Tree Preservation Orders attached, and trees in Conservation Areas can have an important effect on the character and appearance of the area. Similarly hedgerows considered important for their landscape or wildlife value may be protected against removal by Hedgerow Regulation Notices. Proposals should therefore seek to retain these and other wildlife features wherever possible and avoid harm to individual species. However, where this cannot be achieved, mitigation, replacement or compensatory measures will be required to ensure there is no loss of environmental value. Policy CS6 also details the Council’s policy 99 on specific areas of particular importance for enhancement and conservation, and these are shown on the Proposals Map as Countryside Enhancement Areas.

3.5.6.8 Whilst it is important to prevent the loss of existing habitat or species, the integration of biodiversity within new developments can aid the sustainability of schemes, by providing an opportunity for habitat enrichment. Biodiversity measures may include the provision of open watercourse drainage systems, the planting of dense native hedgerows, and the East Cambr provision of bat or owl boxes and underpasses for mammals. Development proposals should explore the opportunity to enhance biodiversity, and seek to create and improve habitat wherever appropriate. Further details of environmental gains, mitigation measures and protection against incremental loss of habitats will be contained in the Council’s Landscape idgeshire Core Str and Biodiversity Supplementary Planning Document.

3.5.6.9 Some species, such as bats, barn owls, badgers and great crested newts are protected in their own right by national and European legislation. Where there is reason to suspect the presence of protected species the Council will require applications for development to be

ategy accompanied by a survey assessing their presence and if present, details of how the proposal is sensitive to, and makes provision for their needs. The measures used must accord with the relevant protecting legislation.

3.5.6.10 In addition to those protected species, the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 imposed a legal duty on local authorities to protect and enhance biodiversity. The species and habitats of principal importance for biodiversity conservation needing protection under the Act are those specified in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan list compiled by Natural England. In addition the Cambridgeshire Biodiversity Action Plan identifies local habitats and species, and targets where action is needed to enhance and protect biodiversity. The Council will therefore expect all development proposals to protect and enhance the habitats and species listed and contribute towards the objectives contained in the Action Plans (termed as ‘important species’ in the policy below). Information relating to the Biodiversity Action Plans can be found on the Natural England website, or on the Biodiversity Action Reporting System (BARS) located via www.ukbap-reporting.org.uk. Information on Cambridgeshire BAPs can be viewed on the County Council’s website at www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk. Other useful documents and information include the Cambridgeshire Biodiversity Partnership 'Biodiversity Checklist and Developers Guidance' and 'Biodiversity Checklist for Land Use Planners'. A useful website for general biodiversity guidance is www.ukbap.org.uk

100 Policy EN 6 ategy

Biodiversity and geology

All development proposals should:

a. Protect the biodiversity value of land and buildings and minimise harm to or loss of idgeshire Core Str environmental features, such as trees, hedgerows, woodland and ponds; and b. Provide appropriate mitigation measures, reinstatement or replacement of features and/or compensatory work that will enhance or recreate habitats on or off site where harm to East Cambr environmental features and habitat is unavoidable; and c. Maximise opportunities for creation, restoration, enhancement and connection of natural habitats as an integral part of development proposals.

Proposals which would cause harm to sites of national importance for wildlife or geology will not be permitted unless the benefits of the development at the site clearly outweigh both the impacts that it is likely to have on the special interest of the site and any broader impact on the national network of such sites.

Proposals which would cause harm to County Wildlife Sites, Ancient Woodland, Local Nature Reserves, Protected Roadside Verges or important species (viii) will not be permitted unless the need for, and benefits of development in that location outweigh the potential harm to nature conservation interests.

Where potentially harmful development is permitted, provision for appropriate mitigation measures, reinstatement of features, and/or compensatory work that will enhance or recreate habitats on or off site will be required.

Where there is reason to suspect the presence of protected species, applications must be accompanied by a survey assessing their presence and, if present, the proposal must be sensitive to, and make provision for, their needs, in accordance with the relevant protecting legislation.

3.5.7 EN7 - Flood risk

3.5.7.1 Flood risk is an important issue for the district, particularly given the context of climate change with related sea-level rises and increased periods of heavy rainfall. Large parts of East Cambridgeshire are reclaimed fenland, with some areas lying below sea-level. Areas close to the major rivers (the Ouse, the Cam and the Bedford Rivers) have been subject to periodic flooding in the past, as have several of the smaller river valleys in the south of the district. Flooding causes significant damage to properties, potential pollution, and in serious cases, can potentially harm human life. It is therefore essential that new development does not add to the risk of flooding that already exists. 101 3.5.7.2 Flooding can arise from rapid run-off – which can occur anywhere. However, flood risk in the district from watercourses can be broadly divided into two areas: the artificially drained fens in the north, and the naturally drained higher land around Newmarket. In the Fens, risk is principally associated with the breach or overtopping of the Bedford Ouse and Ely Ouse system. All key settlements are defended, by virtue of their elevation, or by embankments viii Those included in the UK and Cambridgeshire Biodiversity Action Plans East Cambr built to appropriate minimum standards of defence. In the unlikely event of a breach or overtopping, the settlements most likely to be partially inundated are the outer edges of the more ‘crowded’ islands of Ely, Littleport and Sutton, where they have encroached onto low lying ground. Other settlements, such as Haddenham, Isleham, Little Downham, Stretham idgeshire Core Str and Witchford are entirely situated at higher levels than would be affected by a breach. In the higher areas flood risk results from the natural overtopping of watercourses. The main settlements in this area are Bottisham, Burwell, Fordham and Soham. Those sections of settlements close to watercourses are predominantly undefended and exposed to low flood risk. ategy 3.5.7.3 The Environment Agency has identified specific zones of flood risk in East Cambridgeshire, and these are illustrated on flood maps which can be seen on the Environment Agency’s website at www.environment-agency.gov.uk. The categories of flood risk zones are listed below, and reflect Government guidance in PPS25 ‘Development and Flood Risk’.

Zone 1 (low probability) Zone 2 (medium probability) Zone 3a (high probability) and Zone 3b (functional floodplain)

3.5.7.4 As required by Government guidance and the Environment Agency, the District Council has carried out work to refine these maps. The East Cambridgeshire Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (2005) (SRFA) involved carrying out detailed modelling work in and around the main settlements in the district, and identifies a new ‘modelled Zone 3’, assuming a breach of defences. The SFRA also shows ‘Zones of Rapid Inundation’, which are areas where overtopping could occur at high velocity to a depth which would cause injury or death. The SFRA can be viewed on the Council’s website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk.

3.5.7.5 Government guidance in PPS25 states that both the Environment Agency flood zone maps and the SFRA should be used to inform decisions on planning applications, and to inform the selection of allocation sites in LDFs. In the parts of the district not covered by the SFRA, the Environment Agency flood zone maps will be used to guide decisions. Both the Environment Agency and the SFRA flood risk zones are shown on the Proposals Map.

3.5.7.6 Development proposals should, wherever possible, be directed to areas of low/minimal flood risk (Zone 1), as the sequentially preferable location (as required by PPS25). However, development in areas at some risk of flooding may sometimes be unavoidable. PPS25 identifies the types of land uses which may be appropriate in Zones 2 and 3a/3b. New development will be directed away from the modelled Rapid Inundation Zone (shown on the SFRA maps) and would only be allowed where the exception test has been passed. This ‘exception test’ allows for development where no other sequentially preferable option exists. However, the policy approach requires flood management and mitigation measures to be implemented in these cases, to ensure there is no net increase in risk. Evidence to 102 show the sequential approach has been followed will be needed with all such applications. 3.5.7.7 As stated above, the Environment Agency maps and the SFRA provides the basis from which to apply the sequential and exception tests when determining planning applications. In accordance with PPS25, applicants will need to demonstrate that development proposals accord with policies in PPS25 and in this Local Development Document. Developers should contact the Environment Agency at an early stage to obtain more detailed flood risk zone information for individual sites. A Flood Risk Assessment submitted with development proposals can help to ensure that flood risk and surface water run-off issues are

comprehensively considered and addressed. PPS25 details the situations where specific ategy Flood Risk Assessments should be submitted with applications.

3.5.7.8 Policy EN7 also seeks to ensure that development schemes provide appropriate measures for dealing with surface water run off. Design and layout measures and the effective use of features such as permeable surfaces, soakaways and water storage areas should be incorporated in all new developments where technically possible. The use of Sustainable idgeshire Core Str Drainage Systems (SuDS) can provide the best method of minimising flood risk whilst benefiting biodiversity, and is the preferred method. The design should address the issue of ownership and maintenance of SuDS. Systems that mimic natural drainage processes East Cambr such as retention ponds, swales and wetlands/reed beds will be particularly encouraged. However, infiltration may not be acceptable in some cases, due to contamination and/or low permeability. A risk assessment in line with PPS23 will therefore be important in informing the design of surface water systems on some brownfield sites.

3.5.7.9 Further information on SuDS is available in ‘Model agreements for sustainable water management systems - model agreements for SuDS’ (CIRIA C625, 2004). Information will also be contained in the Council's Supplementary Planning Document on design.

103 East Cambr Policy EN 7

Flood risk idgeshire Core Str

The sequential test and exception test will be strictly applied across the district, and new development should preferably be located in Environment Agency Flood Risk Zone 1. The modelled flood risk zones as identified in the SFRA and the Environment Agency Flood Maps will inform the application of the sequential test. In areas not covered by the SFRA, the

ategy Environment Agency Flood Maps will be used to apply the test.

Development will not be permitted where: It would intensify the risk of flooding during the lifetime of the development taking into account climate change allowances, unless suitable flood management and mitigated measures can be agreed and implemented; or It would increase the risk of flooding of properties elsewhere during the lifetime of the development, taking into account climate change allowances, by additional surface water run-off or by impeding the flow or storage of flood water; or It would have a detrimental effect on existing flood defences or inhibit flood control and maintenance work; or Safe access is not achievable from/to the development during times of flooding, taking into account climate change allowance (as this would endanger peoples lives).

A site-specific Flood Risk Assessment, appropriate to the scale and nature of the development and the risks involved, and which takes account of future climate change, will be required for:

All development proposals in Flood Zones 2 and 3 and ‘Modelled Zone 3’ including Rapid Inundation Zone; and Development proposals on sites of 1 hectare or greater in Flood Zone 1

All applications for new development must demonstrate that appropriate surface water drainage arrangements for dealing with surface water run-off can be accommodated within the site and that issues of ownership and maintenance are addressed. The use of Sustainable Drainage Systems will be required for all new developments unless, following an assessment of character and context, soil conditions and/or engineering feasibility dictate otherwise. SuDS may be incorporated within the Flood Risk Assessment.

3.5.8 EN8 - Pollution

3.5.8.1 Some development schemes can potentially result in pollution to air, water or land. Further information on these different types of pollution is given in the paragraphs below. Policy EN8 sets out the criteria against which potentially polluting developments will be considered. 104 These reflect criteria in Government planning policy in PPS23: ‘Planning and Pollution Control’ (Appendix A). The Council will seek to ensure that levels are kept to a minimum and are acceptable to human health and safety, the environment and the amenity of adjacent or nearby land users. Environmental Health legislation regulates many forms of pollution, but it is clearly preferable to prevent conflict from new development arising in the first place. The weight given to each criterion will depend on the particular circumstances and relevant pollution control authorities will be consulted as necessary. Careful consideration will be required where development is likely to, on its own or cumulatively, result in harmful levels of pollution, or where developments are located within safety consultation zones (for example,

areas around pipelines, airports, railways and sewage treatment plants). The Council ategy therefore encourages pre-application discussions with applicants where pollution is an issue. In some cases this may involve an Environmental Statement, prepared as part of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to ensure the environmental impacts of a significant development proposal are comprehensively considered.

3.5.8.2 Air quality in the district is generally good, and there are no designated National Air Quality idgeshire Core Str Management Areas (AQMA) in the district. However the Authority does carry out monitoring at roadside sites for nitrogen dioxide, and also monitors for particulates, and all show levels within the national objectives. County ozone levels are monitored at Wicken Fen, and the East Cambr National Air Quality Strategy objective has been exceeded by various amounts each year since 1998. Ozone is affected by weather and air pollutants blown over from Europe, and the levels emphasise the importance of considering the wider effects of pollution.

3.5.8.3 Water quality is particularly important in the district as many water-courses have national or international environmental designations. New development must ensure that the effects of increases in sewage effluent discharges can be achieved without adverse impact on water quality. The Implementation Chapter describes the constraints related to Sewage Treatment Work capacity. The Council places a high priority on protecting surface and groundwater from pollution arising from development, and will support initiatives that result in an improvement to water quality. One of the aims of European Union Water Framework Directive is to prevent deterioration in water status and improve water quality. Developers must strive to achieve the objectives contained within it.

3.5.8.4 Lighting and noise pollution arising from new development can individually and cumulatively have a significantly damaging impact on the countryside, on people living environments, and on wildlife. Whilst lighting is desirable for safety, recreation and enhancement of some buildings, inappropriate lighting can cause sky glow, glare, light trespass, and represents energy waste. Both light and noise levels are generally low in rural settlements and the countryside where the tranquil environment is highly valued. These issues are important considerations in dealing with new development proposals and the Council will require full details of any potential pollution to ensure the effects are minimised by mitigation measures where appropriate. The Council will be guided by Government policy on this issue, as set out in PPG24: ‘Planning and Noise’.

3.5.8.5 Land contamination is also a key consideration as it causes harm to the environment, has the potential to affect public health and safety, and unless dealt with appropriately, can inhibit the re-use of otherwise suitable brownfield sites. Whilst contamination is subject to pollution control legislation, it is important that potential contamination is identified at the earliest stage in the process to ensure that appropriate remediation measures are identified and addressed early in the preparation of proposals for a site. Remediation should remove unacceptable risk and make the site suitable for its new use. The most frequent cases of contamination in East Cambridgeshire arise from former industrial and agricultural uses, but can also arise from accidents, spillages or be caused by elevated levels of naturally 105 occurring substances. Additional advice for developers on the process for assessing contaminated sites and information on remediation works is set out in the Council’s Supplementary Planning Document on Contaminated Land, and Annex 2 of PPS23.

3.5.8.6 Low levels of naturally occurring radon are present in certain parts of the district.The Building Regulations 2000 refer to BRE Note 211 ‘Radon: Guidance on Protective Measures for New Dwellings’, which suggests basic protection where 3-10% of properties may exceed the East Cambr threshold and full protection where over 10% exceed the action level (action level is 200Bq m3). In East Cambridgeshire, there are several areas which have been determined as having up to 3-5% or 5-10% of 'homes at or above the action level'. In these properties some basic protection may be necessary. Further information on areas affected, and control idgeshire Core Str measures for new development is contained in BR211 Radon: Guidance on Protective Measures for New Dwellings (BRE), and Part C of the Building Regulations 2000. The Environment Agency and Health and Safety Executive welcome pre-application enquiries from developers seeking to resolve contaminated land/pollution issues before an application is submitted. Further information on pollution issues is contained in PPS23, the Environmental

ategy Protection Act 1990, and DEFRA Circular 01/2006.

Policy EN 8

Pollution

All development proposals should minimise, and where possible, reduce all emissions and other forms of pollution, including light and noise pollution, and ensure no deterioration in water quality. All applications for development where pollution is suspected must contain sufficient information to enable the Council to make a full assessment of potential hazards.

Proposals will only be permitted:

1. Where, individually or cumulatively, there are no unacceptable impacts on:

The natural environment and general amenity Health and safety of the public; Air quality Surface and groundwater quality Land quality and condition The need for compliance with statutory environmental quality standards; or

2. In exceptional cases, where it can be clearly demonstrated that the environmental benefits of the development and the wider social and economic need for the development outweigh any adverse impact in terms of pollution. In such cases, where pollution is unavoidable, mitigation measures to reduce pollution levels will be required in order to meet acceptable limits.

New development will not be permitted where there is a potential to conflict with existing developments that require particular conditions for their operation, or that are authorized or licensed under pollution control or hazardous substances legislation, where it would be likely to impose significant restrictions on the activities of the existing use in the future.

Development proposals on contaminated land (or where there is reason to suspect contamination) 106 must include an assessment of the extent of the contamination and any possible risks. Proposals will only be permitted where the land is, or is made, suitable for the proposed use. 3.5.9 EN9 - Green Belt ategy 3.5.9.1 Green Belts are primarily designed to control the spread of development and the coalescence of towns by keeping land permanently open. Government guidance advocates strict control of development in Green Belts, to ensure their open and rural character is not eroded. Approximately 1,910 hectares of East Cambridgeshire is designated within the Cambridge Green Belt, around the villages of Bottisham, Lode and Swaffham Bulbeck. The purposes of the Cambridge Green Belt, which are derived from Government guidance in PPG2, are idgeshire Core Str to:

Preserve the unique character of Cambridge as a compact, dynamic city with a thriving East Cambr historic centre; Maintain and enhance the quality of its setting; and Prevent communities in the environs of Cambridge from merging into one another and with the City.

3.5.9.2 Strategic guidance in PPG2:‘Green Belts’ (1995) and RSS Policy SS7 requires the retention of the Cambridge Green Belt. Government guidance in PPS1 also stresses the importance of up-to-date boundaries to provide certainty as to where Green Belt policies apply and to enable the proper consideration of future development options. The ‘Review of the East Cambridgeshire Green Belt’, commissioned by the Council in 2005, recommended a number of minor changes to the boundaries around the villages.The revised Green Belt boundaries are shown on the Proposals Map. The Core Strategy also proposes the release of lands on the edge of Bottisham. There are exceptional circumstances justifying the review of the Green Belt boundary in this location in order to provide for the sustainable growth of the village in accordance with the details provided in Policies CS2 and CS4. The exact extent of this alteration will be determined in a future site specific DPD and shown in a revised Proposals Map.

3.5.9.3 Development proposals which come forward in the Green Belt will be assessed against Government guidance in PPG2. PPG2 requires that development in the Green Belt is strictly controlled, and generally linked to those uses which require a rural setting and preserve the openness of the Green Belt. Policy EN9 seeks to clarify the approach in PPG2 and sets out the circumstances in which development may exceptionally be permitted. It is for those proposing development in the Green Belt to show the special circumstances to justify development.

107 East Cambr Policy EN 9

Green Belt idgeshire Core Str

There is a presumption against inappropriate development in the Cambridge Green Belt.

Subject to other policies within this Plan, the Council may support proposals in the Green Belt for: ategy a. New buildings or development in connection with agriculture and forestry, outdoor sport and recreation or or other uses that preserve the openness of the Green Belt; or b. Limited extension, alteration or replacement of dwellings in line with Policy H9; or c. Affordable housing which meets the requirements of Policy H4; or d. Re-use of permanent buildings in keeping with their surroundings, where the proposal would not have a greater impact on the openness of the Green Belt; or e. Other development in very exceptional circumstances, where other benefits clearly outweigh harm to the Green Belt.

A Green Belt will be maintained around Cambridge which will define the extent of the urban area. The detailed boundaries of the Green Belt releases proposed at Bottisham to accommodate the proposals set out in Policies CS2 and CS4, will be established in a future site specific DPD.

108 4 Infrastructure, implementation and monitoring ategy 4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 This chapter looks at how the proposed strategy and policies in the Core Strategy will be implemented, and how policy performance and development delivery will be monitored. It also looks at the provision of infrastructure in the district, as this is often key to the successful idgeshire Core Str delivery of policy objectives and development. The chapter is structured as follows:

Infrastructure provision – The first section looks at potential infrastructure constraints

in East Cambridgeshire, as a key factor in the successful implementation of Core East Cambr Strategy policies is the infrastructure needed to support growth. Delivery mechanisms – This section looks at how the policy aims and objectives are likely to be delivered. It includes details of delivery mechanisms, and the main agencies responsible for implementation. Monitoring indicators – This section looks at indicators for monitoring the effectiveness of policies, the delivery of development, and environmental impacts. Monitoring can help the Council to assess whether its plans are still sound, or whether changes are required to meet the Plan’s objectives.

4.2 Infrastructure requirements and constraints

4.2.1 A key factor in the successful implementation of Core Strategy policies is the provision of vital infrastructure for new development. Infrastructure providers in East Cambridgeshire have provided information on future potential capacity for infrastructure expansion and provision, and this is set out in the sections below. The issues raised by infrastructure providers have been taken into account in the development of the Core Strategy. However, there are a number of outstanding constraints that lead to a requirement to phase new development, in order to ensure that it is not built/occupied until the infrastructure is available to support it. Capacity restrictions are summarised in Table 4.1 below, along with suggested phasing timescales. It should be noted that this chapter focuses on the main areas of constraint, and there are likely to be additional infrastructure requirements arising from individual development schemes. Policy S4 on developer contributions will be key in this regard, and a list of areas where the Council may expect contributions to be made by developers is set out in paragraph 3.4.4.5 above.

Education provision

4.2.2 Cambridgeshire County Council is the local education authority and reviews education provision in the district based on pupil forecasts. The County Council has indicated that pupils emerging from the levels of housing proposed in the ‘Limited Service Centres’ and ‘Smaller Villages’ in the Core Strategy could be accommodated within existing provision. However, in some of the Market Towns and Key Service Centres there may be problems with capacity. Particular problems identified by the County Council are listed below, and 109 shown in the constraints table. However, it should be noted that pupil number forecasts change over time, and the combined impact of new housing and declining pupil numbers is difficult to predict far into the future.

Ely – It is anticipated that two additional new primary schools are likely to be required during the Plan period, to cater for the predicted levels of housing growth in Ely. Sites for these new schools will need to be identified.There is currently a shortfall of primary East Cambr school places in Ely. Without taking into account these further additional allocations, the County Council is currently considering options for expanding existing primary schools to provide a further 210 places. There will also be a need to expand current Secondary education in the City, and it is anticipated that this will require an additional idgeshire Core Str secondary school to be provided in either Ely or Littleport, to serve the needs of both communities. Littleport – There is scope for the two existing primary schools to be expanded on-site, to cater for some of the additional pupils generated by future housing growth. However, there will also be a need for an additional primary school in the town. An additional

ategy secondary school in either Littleport or Ely will also be required, to serve the needs of both communities. Soham – Soham secondary school is currently at capacity, but there may be scope for future on-site expansion. Both primary schools are operating at the County Council’s preferred maximum operating size of 420 places, and therefore expansion of these schools may not present the best option. It is estimated that predicted growth in Soham could justify the creation of a new primary school in the town. A site for this school will need to be identified. Bottisham – New housing may lead to the need for the expansion of the primary school and the secondary school. In both cases there is scope for on-site expansion. Burwell – The primary school is operating at the County Council’s preferred maximum operating size of 420 places. However, there is unlikely to be sufficient growth over the Plan period to justify a new primary school. The County Council propose to investigate potential further expansion of the primary school as an alternative option, following consultation with the Governors and the local community.There are two other examples of large primary schools in Cambridgeshire (at and ), both of which are successful schools. Haddenham – There is on-site scope for the primary school to be expanded, to cater for the additional pupils generated by future housing growth. Newmarket Fringe – The predicted levels of housing growth in the East Cambridgeshire part of Newmarket are low. It is anticipated that pupil numbers can be accommodated within existing provision - or if necessary, through on-site expansion of the primary school. Sutton – There is scope for the primary school to be expanded on-site, to cater for the additional pupils generated by future housing growth. Witchford – Witchford secondary school serves the surrounding villages, including the Key Service Centres of Sutton and Haddenham. There is spare capacity at the secondary school, and there is also room for on-site expansion if required.

Health provision

4.2.3 Health provision is funded and co-ordinated by the Cambridgeshire Primary Care Trust (PCT). The PCT has indicated that the predicted levels of housing growth in Ely will require additional Doctors and health care facilities to be provided. This is likely to involve the 110 extension of the GP surgery at the Princess of Wales Hospital or its relocation to an alternative site, and upgrading of other facilities at POW Hospital. Detailed assessment may also indicate that another GP facility may be required to serve Ely. The PCT has also indicated that there may be a need to expand Doctors surgery provision in both Littleport and Soham. Future health infrastructure requirements for Soham and Littleport will be fully assessed by the PCT and the potential for the existing health centre and GP surgery to meet those requirements explored. Options could include expanding or replacing existing facilities on the existing sites or developing replacement facilities on alternative sites. Some

services may be able to be co-located with other public services which will bring added ategy benefits of joined up services and a possible reduction in land requirements.

Water supply

4.2.4 Anglian Water has a statutory obligation to meet the growth for East Cambridgeshire, and

is working on a 25 year plan to improve water supply in the district. Anglian Water has idgeshire Core Str indicated that there are no significant constraints associated with water supply. However, there may be requirement for local reinforcements to the water supply network in the main settlements. This constraint will need to be overcome before development can proceed. Infrastructure associated with water supply is often funded and provided by developers. A East Cambr joint Water Cycle Study for East Cambridgeshire and Fenland is currently being prepared, in conjunction with Anglian Water, the Environment Agency and other key partners. This Study will provide a detailed assessment of future environmental capacity, infrastructure constraints and requirements in the context of growth, in relation to all aspects of water supply, wastewater treatment and flood risk.

Foul sewerage works

4.2.5 Anglian Water has indicated that there is either limited, or no spare capacity in the foul sewerage networks for most of the main settlements.This constraint will need to be overcome before development can proceed. Again, infrastructure associated with foul sewerage is often funded and provided by developers.The forthcoming Water Cycle Study (see paragraph 4.2.4 above) may provide additional and/or altered information in relation to potential capacity, constraints and requirements.

Sewage Treatment Works (STWs)

4.2.6 While infrastructure associated with water supply and sewers can be provided and funded by developers, upgrades to Sewage Treatment Works (STWs) can only be provided by Anglian Water, and this work is dependent on their Business Plan (approved by OFWAT) which works on five year cycles.

4.2.7 Anglian Water has identified several settlements where there is either limited or no capacity at existing STWs. Whilst brownfield sites can be brought forward in these areas if the proposed flow rate is no greater than the current/previous flow rate, greenfield allocations will need to be phased so that development does not occur ahead of improvements to STWs. Anglian Water has indicated the timescale at which they would be able to undertake the necessary upgrading works, and these are an important constraint to development in the early years of the Plan period . Anglian Water has also indicated that their comments relate to housing and employment allocations. The improvement works are dependent on sufficient funding and Anglian Water’s priority listing of works in the region. The capacity issues and suggested timescales are listed below, and summarised in Table 4.1. The forthcoming Water Cycle Study (see paragraph 4.2.4 above) may provide additional and/or altered information in relation to potential capacity, constraints and requirements. 111

Ely – Existing Local Plan allocations will take up any remaining capacity within the two STWs in the town. Anglian Water will be including for the provision of extra treatment capacity in Ely at the Angel Drove Sewage Treatment Works within the PR09 Business Plan, and will seek to complete construction by 2015. It is requested that new greenfield allocations (including for housing and employment purposes) are phased to come forward post-2015. This will also apply to large brownfield allocations with a significant East Cambr change of use if discharges to sewer are to be increased. The District Council and Anglian Water also propose to investigate the potential re-location of the Cresswells Lane STWs, in order to facilitate the regeneration of the Lisle Lane riverside area. Littleport – It is anticipated that extensions at the STWs can be implemented in a idgeshire Core Str reasonable timescale. It is therefore requested that new greenfield allocations should be phased to come forward post-2015.This will also apply to large brownfield allocations with a significant change of use if discharges to sewer are to be increased. Soham – Existing Local Plan allocations will take up some of the remaining capacity at the STW. Anglian Water will seek to provide increased treatment capacity by 2015. ategy It is requested that new greenfield allocations (including for housing and employment purposes) are phased to come forward post-2015.This will also apply to large brownfield allocations with a significant change of use if discharges to sewer are to be increased. Bottisham – The sewage treatment works is at capacity and improvement works are required to accommodate growth.The discharge consent is at capacity and will require re-negotiation with the Environment Agency. This may impact on the phasing of development. If an increase in treated effluent quality is required, the scale of improvement works may require a considerable design and construct timescale. It is requested that new allocations are phased to come forward post-2015. Burwell - The sewage treatment works is at capacity and improvement works are required to accommodate growth.The discharge consent is at capacity and will require re-negotiation with the Environment Agency. This may impact on the phasing of development. If an increase in treated effluent quality is required, the scale of improvement works may require a considerable design and construct timescale. It is requested that new allocations are phased to come forward post-2015. Haddenham – The sewage treatment works at Witcham is at capacity and improvement works are required to accommodate growth. The discharge consent is at capacity and will require re-negotiation with the Environment Agency.This may impact on the phasing of development. If an increase in treated effluent quality is required, the scale of improvement works may require a considerable design and construct timescale. It is requested that new allocations are phased to come forward post-2015. Newmarket Fringe – Minor improvement works are required at Newmarket STW to cater for predicted levels of growth. It is requested that new allocations are phased to come forward post-2015. Sutton – The sewage treatment works at Witcham is at capacity and improvement works are required to accommodate growth. The discharge consent is at capacity and will require re-negotiation with the Environment Agency.This may impact on the phasing of development. If an increase in treated effluent quality is required, the scale of improvement works may require a considerable design and construct timescale. It is requested that new allocations are phased to come forward post-2015. Fordham (employment land adjacent to the A142) – Improvements may be required to the STW, depending on the type of industrial use. This may require phasing of allocations (unknown at this stage). 112 Energy provision ategy

4.2.8 EDF Energy Networks is the distribution energy network operator in the East of England, and is regulated by the Government through the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets. EDF Energy is funded directly from existing customers, and as such, is not able to speculatively invest in the network to provide sufficient capacity for any new developments that may be

planned to take place. Any network investment carried out by EDF Energy will be to meet idgeshire Core Str the growing needs of existing customers, its licence conditions, and Government targets.

4.2.9 Developers should contact EDF Energy as early as possible to ascertain whether there is sufficient network capacity for the proposed development. If there is insufficient capacity, East Cambr EDF Energy will provide an indication of the timescale and cost associated with providing the required capacity. If additional work is required to meet the requested additional network load, the developer may be required to fund some or all of the costs of this work. Developments containing commercial and industrial load tend to require more power and therefore require additional network reinforcement, which is likely to incur additional costs.

4.2.10 In East Cambridgeshire the network is generally very highly loaded. Burwell Grid supplies much of the district and is currently operating near the limit of available capacity. Additional load may require reinforcement of the Burwell Grid, and possibly also the national grid network. It is likely that EDF Energy will carry out some reinforcement work at Burwell Grid in the future, but the nature and timing of this work has yet to be decided. Any reinforcement work generally takes between 2 and 5 years to complete.

4.2.11 There is currently minimal spare capacity at Ely and Soham primary substations. Work is currently planned to take place in 2008 and 2009, to provide some additional capacity by 2010. The scope and timing of this work may be influenced by future load enquiries.

4.2.12 In light of the above, EDF Energy has not requested that new allocations should be phased.

Highways and transport

4.2.13 The Highways Agency predicts that additional housing growth in East Cambridgeshire arising from the RSS housing targets will cause severe congestion and peak hour delays on the A10 and A142, and at the junction of the A10 and A14. The Highways Agency therefore urge the Council to seek to ensure that sites selected for development are in areas well served by public transport, walking and cycling.

4.2.14 Cambridgeshire County Council is the Highways and Transport Authority for the county, with responsibility for the preparation of the Local Transport Plan (LTP). This includes transport policies and a five year programme of transport improvements. The LTP identifies a southern link road for Ely as a major scheme in the district. However, a source of funding has not yet been identified, and the LTP scheme and other lower cost options to deliver a solution are being explored, including an assessment of impact on the setting of Ely and its cathedral (see paragraph 2.5.1.6 for further details). There are no other major schemes 113 currently scheduled for the district, but the County Council has drawn up a preliminary list of more localised transport improvement schemes which it estimates will be required in order to support growth in East Cambridgeshire over the LDF period. The County Council has not yet fully costed this work, or identified funding sources or delivery timescales. The strategic and local transport improvements schemes are as follows: East Cambr Major transport schemes Major improvements to the A142 between Angel Drove and Stuntney Causeway, Ely A mainline station at Chesterton (in north Cambridge) on the Cambridge-Ely line idgeshire Core Str which will allow for direct rail services from Littleport, Ely (and other stations to the north, west and east of Ely) to the employment and education sites in the Cambridge northern fringe.

Local improvements to the highways network, focusing on capacity and accident cluster ategy sites, including: A10/A142 (Angel Drove) roundabout, Ely (this will also include enhancement of pedestrian/cycle facilities - grade separated pedestrian/cycle crossing of the A10 may be required. This will also apply to the bullet below). A10/A142 (Witchford Road) roundabout, Ely A10 corridor, Ely to Cambridge - in addition, improvements to public transport facilities, including provision of real time information and increased capacity at the Milton Park & Ride site are also required. A142 East Fen Common junction, Soham A142 Witcham Toll junction A142 Barway junction A142 James Black Road junction, Ely A10 West Fen Road junction, Ely

Parking management measures to secure the effective and efficient management of on-street parking including arrangements for civil parking enforcement (linked to off-street operational and enforcement regimes)

Improvements to local bus services, including: Enhanced interchange facilities in Ely and Soham town centres and at District-wide improvements to infrastructure including the roll-out of real-time bus information Provision of bus priority measures along the A10 corridor and within Ely Pilot demand responsive transport schemes linking the more isolated rural areas with inter-urban bus services

Cycleway and footway improvements, including: A10 Little Thetford to Stretham A142 Witchford to Sutton - extension of existing facility to Sutton B1102 Lode to Stow-cum-Quy - to link with established safe cycle route to Cambridge (National Cycle Network Route 51) Cycle/pedestrian network for Burwell village, including a link from Exning 114 Completion of Ely cycle network as defined in the Ely Market Town Transport Strategy Soham town network - improvements to cycle facilities and routes within Soham Development of cycle link between Waterbeach and Wicken Fen (including Upware Bridge) as part of National Cycle Network Route 11 Enhancements to pedestrianised areas in Ely and Soham Improvements to strategic walking networks in the market towns and larger villages Summary of constraints and phasing of development ategy 4.2.15 Table 4.1 summarises the main capacity restrictions in East Cambridgeshire, which relate to sewage treatment works, energy provision, and education provision. As a result, there is a need to phase residential and employment development in order to ensure that the supporting infrastructure is available. It is proposed that new greenfield allocations should be phased according to the timescales suggested in Table 4.1 below. There may also be a need to phase large brownfield allocations, if they involve a significant change of use and idgeshire Core Str would result in additional discharge to the sewer. However, it should be noted that if the capacity situation alters there may be opportunity to bring development forward earlier than anticipated. Further, there may be instances where the developer is able to address East Cambr deficiencies to overcome the problem (for example, through on-site or off-site investment).

Table 4.1 Capacity restrictions and suggested phasing

Settlement Sewage Treatment Energy supply Education Suggested Works phasing

Ely No spare capacity for Capacity by 2010 Primary and secondary Post 2015 new allocations. school extensions may Investment by 2015. be required. Site for two new primary schools to be identified. Site for new secondary school to be identified in either Ely or Littleport.

Littleport No spare capacity for Limited capacity Primary school extension Post 2015 new allocations. may be required, and a Investment by 2015. site for a new primary school will need to be identified.

Soham No spare capacity for Capacity by 2010 Secondary school Post 2015 new allocations. extension may be Investment sought by required. Site for new 2015. primary school to be identified.

Bottisham No spare capacity for Limited capacity Primary and secondary Post 2015 new allocations. school extensions may Significant work required be required.

Burwell Limited capacity for new Limited capacity Primary school extension Post 2015 allocations. Significant to be explored. work required

Haddenham Limited capacity for new Limited capacity Primary and secondary Post 2015 allocations. Significant school extension may be work required required.

Newmarket Fringe Limited capacity for new Limited capacity No restrictions. Post 2015 115 allocations. Minor works required.

Sutton Limited capacity for new Limited capacity Primary and secondary Post 2015 allocations. Significant school extension may be work required. required. East Cambr Settlement Sewage Treatment Energy supply Education Suggested Works phasing

Fordham Limited capacity for new Limited capacity NA Depends on

idgeshire Core Str allocations. Significant type of use work required. proposed

4.3 Implementation

4.3.1 The tables below show how particular policies will be implemented and which agencies will ategy contribute towards this. In many cases the detailed implementation of the policies will be via allocations in future site specific DPDs. In other instances Supplementary Planning Documents will provide more detailed implementation of the policies, for example, the SPD on planning obligations. In many other cases the delivery will depend on integrated working with other agencies and partnerships. The Council is actively involved in many key delivery partnerships such as the East Cambridgeshire Local Strategic Partnership and the Cambridgeshire Local Area Agreement which bring together service providers to work in a co-ordinated way.

4.3.2 A key factor to the delivery of the Core Strategy policies is the provision of vital infrastructure required for new development. Infrastructure providers have indicated a range of constraints in East Cambridgeshire (detailed in the previous section) and phasing has been proposed in accordance with the likely funding and programme of works anticipated at this time. If infrastructure is able to be provided ahead of anticipated timescales, or alternative supply such as renewable energy can be provided, then development may be able to be provided earlier than shown in the housing trajectory.

4.3.3 The policy on Developer Contributions is key to infrastructure provision. A list of areas where the Council expects contributions to be made by developers is set out in paragraph 3.4.4.5 above. The Council will produce a Supplementary Planning Document on Planning Obligations which will expand on the policy and set individual targets for provision. The Government is considering the introduction of a Community Infrastructure Levy which will change the present planning obligations process. The Core Strategy acknowledges that the way planning obligations, community benefits and infrastructure improvements are provided is likely to change. These changes will be reflected in updates to the SPD on Planning Obligations, and may impact on the timing of large-scale infrastructure upgrading programmes.

4.3.4 The tables below show how particular policies will be implemented and which agencies/ groups will contribute towards this.

116 Table 4.2 Implementation Plan for the Core Strategic Policies ategy Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies

CS1 Spatial strategy Development allocations in future site specific ECDC DPDs

Provision of adequate infrastructure to meet ECDC, East Cambs Local Strategic

new demands Partnership, Cambs Primary Care Trust, idgeshire Core Str Cambs County Council, utility and infrastructure agencies, private developers

Provision of new commercial and residential Private developers development East Cambr

CS2 Housing Housing allocations and phasing in future site ECDC, private developers, Registered specific DPDs Social Landlords, Housing Corporation, Cambs County Council, East Cambs Local Strategic Partnership

Production of East Cambs Housing Strategy ECDC and Empty Homes Strategy

Further detailed advice on affordable housing ECDC in a Planning Obligations SPD

ECDC and County Council strategies for older ECDC/County Council people and disabled people

Disabled facilities grants ECDC

Private sector renewal grants ECDC

Local Area Agreement: outcome 1.1 improved ECDC, private developers, Registered housing provision Social Landlords, Housing Corporation, Cambs County Council, East Cambs Local Strategic Partnership

East Cambs Sustainable Community Strategy ECDC, East Cambs Local Strategic Partnership

Provision of adequate infrastructure to meet ECDC, East Cambs Local Strategic new demands Partnership, Cambs Primary Care Trust, Cambs County Council, utility and infrastructure agencies, private developers

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Registered Social Landlords

Government funding for affordable and special Government, Housing Corporation needs housing

CS3 Gypsies and Gypsy and travelling showpeople site ECDC, landowners, gypsy and traveller travellers and travelling allocations in a future site specific DPD community and travelling showpeople showpeople community 117 East Cambs Housing Strategy and Empty ECDC Homes Strategy

Government funding for provision of sites Government East Cambr Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies

Provision of adequate infrastructure to meet ECDC, Registered Social Landlords, new demands private developers, Cambs County Council,

idgeshire Core Str Cambs Primary Care Trust, utility and infrastructure agencies, East Cambs Strategic Partnership

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers/landowners, Registered Social Landlords

ategy CS4 Employment Employment allocations and phasing in future ECDC, private developers site specific DPDs

Local Area Agreement :outcomes 2.1 and 2.2 ECDC, East Cambs Local Strategic sustainable growth of business sectors and Partnership increased level of business start-ups

Provision of infrastructure on employment land ECDC, private developers, EEDA, utility and infrastructure agencies, East Cambs Local Strategic Partnership

Production of East Cambs Economic ECDC Development Strategy

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

CS5 Retail and town Retail and leisure site allocations and phasing ECDC, private developers, District Leisure centre uses in future site specific DPDs Trusts

Production of the Council’s Leisure Strategy ECDC

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, District Leisure Trusts

CS6 Environment Allocation of area for Ely Country Park in a ECDC, private developers, Natural future site specific DPD England, English Heritage, County Wildlife Trust, Utility providers, service providers, transport providers, Cambs County Council, Environment Agency, District Leisure Trusts

Cambs Biodiversity Action Plan ECDC, Cambs County Council, Cambs Biodiversity Partnership, Wildlife Trust, Natural England

Strategic and site specific flood risk ECDC, Environment Agency, private assessments developers, Anglian Water

Management of open spaces ECDC, Parish Councils, private trusts, community organisations

Local Area Agreement: outcomes 1.3 – well ECDC, Local Strategic Partnership designed and well managed developments, 118 and 5.2 – safer communities Local Area Agreement: outcome 3.3 attractive ECDC, Local Strategic Partnership and healthy environments

Local Area Agreement: outcomes 3.1 – ECDC, Local Strategic Partnership adapting to, and mitigating the effects of climate change, and 3.2 efficient use of resources Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies ategy Production of Design SPD, Planning ECDC, Cambs County Council, Wildlife Obligations SPD, County Wildlife Sites SPD, Trust and Landscape Guidelines SPD

Production of planning briefs for major ECDC, private developers allocations idgeshire Core Str Conservation Area Appraisals ECDC

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, English Heritage, Natural England, Environment Agency East Cambr

CS7 Infrastructure Identification of land in future site specific ECDC, private developers, utility and DPDs for the provision of new strategic service providers, Cambs County Council infrastructure

Production of SPD on Planning Obligations ECDC

Consultation with utility and service providers ECDC, private developers, utility providers, PCT and other service providers, transport providers, Cambs County Council, Parish Councils

Local Area Agreement: outcome 1.2 ECDC, Local Strategic Partnership -appropriate infrastructure for new and established communities

Production of planning briefs for major ECDC, private developers, utility and allocations service providers

Local Transport Plan ECDC, Cambs County Council

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, utility and service providers

CS8 Access Local Transport Plan ECDC, Cambs County Council private developers, Highways Agency, transport providers, service providers

Production of Design SPD and Planning ECDC Obligations DPD

Transport Impact Assessments and Travel ECDC, Cambs County Council, private Plans developers

Local Area Agreement: outcome 4.3- ECDC, Local Strategic Partnership appropriate access to services for all communities

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Cambs County Council 119 East Cambr Table 4.3 Implementation Plan for Housing Development Control Policies

Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies

idgeshire Core Str H1 Housing Mix Site allocations in future site specific DPDs, ECDC, private developers, Registered and planning briefs Social Landlords

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Registered Social Landlords

H2 Density Site allocations in future site specific DPDs, ECDC, private sector, Registered Social

ategy and planning briefs Landlords

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private sector, Registered Social Landlords

H3 Affordable Housing Site allocations in future site specific DPDs ECDC, Private developers, Registered Social Landlords

Production of Planning Obligations SPD ECDC

Strategic Housing Market Assessment Cambridge Sub-Region Housing Partnership

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Registered Social Landlords, Community Land Trusts

H4 Affordable housing Strategic Housing Market Assessment, Registered Social Landlords, Community exceptions housing waiting lists and local housing needs Land Trusts, ECDC, East Cambs Strategic surveys Partnership

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers/landowners, Registered Social Landlords, Community Land Trusts

H5 Dwellings for rural Development control process and decisions ECDC, Private developers workers

H6 Residential care ECDC and County Council strategies for older ECDC, Registered Social Landlords, homes people and disabled people Cambs Primary Care Trust, private developers

Development control process and decisions ECDC, Registered Social Landlords, Cambs Primary Care Trust, private developers

H7 Mobile home and Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers residential caravan parks

H8 Alterations or Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers replacement of dwellings in the countryside 120 Table 4.4 Implementation Plan for Employment Development Control Policies ategy Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies

EC1 Retention of Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers employment sites

EC2 Extensions to Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

existing businesses in the idgeshire Core Str countryside

EC3 Non-residential Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, farming industry re-use or replacement of buildings in the East Cambr countryside

EC4 Farm diversification Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

EC5 Re-use of rural Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers buildings as dwellings

EC6 New employment Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers buildings on the edge of settlements

EC7 Horse racing Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

EC8 Tourist facilities and East Cambs Economic Development ECDC visitor attractions Strategy

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

EC9 Tourist Council's Tourism Accommodation ECDC, private developers accommodation Assessment

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

EC10 Holiday and Application of conditions to planning ECDC, private developers seasonal occupancy applications and subsequent monitoring of conditions conditions

Table 4.5 Implementation Plan for Services and Infrastructure Development Control Policies

Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies

S1 Location of retail and Council’s Retail Study and Tourism Accommodation ECDC town centre uses Assessment

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, District Leisure Trusts, other service providers Council's Retail study ECDC 121 Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

S3 Retaining community Council’s Sports and Play Areas Assessment, and ECDC facilities and open space Informal Open Space Assessment

Development control process and decisions ECDC, Parish Councils, private developers East Cambr Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies

S4 Developer Production of Planning Obligations SPD ECDC contributions

idgeshire Core Str Negotiations with developer leading to S106 ECDC, private developers, Cambs agreement County Council

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

S5 Telecommunications Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers

S6 Transport impact Transport Impact Assessments and Travels Plans ECDC, Cambs County Council, ategy private developers

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Cambs County Council

S7 Parking provision Councils parking standards ECDC

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Cambs County Council

Table 4.6 Implementation Plan for Environment Development Control Policies

Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies

EN1 Landscape Production of Landscape Guidelines SPD ECDC, Cambs County Council character Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Natural England

EN2 Design Production of Design SPD ECDC

Design and Access Statements Private developers

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Cambs Constabulary, East Cambs Disability Access Group

EN3 Sustainable Government's Code for Sustainable Homes Private developers, Registered construction and energy Assessment Social Landlords, ECDC efficiency Production of East Cambs Design SPD ECDC

Building Regulations Government, ECDC

Energy efficiency grants Government, ECDC

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Registered Social Landlords

EN4 Renewable energy Provision within allocated commercial and ECDC, private developers residential sites

Government/EEDA grants Government, EEDA, Renewables 122 East

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, renewable energy developers

EN5 Historic Conservation Appraisals ECDC Conservation Production of East Cambs Design SPD ECDC

Local listing ECDC Policy Area Delivery Mechanisms Responsible Agencies ategy Conservation Area powers such as Urgent Works ECDC & Repairs Notices

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Cambs Archaeology Team, English Heritage

EN6 Biodiversity and Ecological sites on Proposals Map and in Appendix ECDC, Cambs Wildlife Trust, Cambs idgeshire Core Str geology 5 Biodiversity Partnership, Natural England

Cambs Biodiversity Action Plan ECDC, Cambs Wildlife Trust, Cambs Biodiversity Partnership, Natural East Cambr England

Protected species surveys ECDC, Cambs Wildlife Trust, Cambs Biodiversity Partnership, Natural England

Environmental Assessment ECDC, private developers, Cambs Wildlife Trust, Natural England

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Cambs Wildlife Trust, Natural England, local amenity groups

EN7 Flood risk Strategic and site specific flood risk assessments ECDC, Environment Agency, Anglian Water, private developers

Flood defences Environment Agency

Development control process and decisions ECDC, Environment Agency, Anglian Water, private developers

EN8 Pollution Pollution control legislation Government, HSE

Air and water quality assessments ECDC, Environment Agency, HSE, private developers

Remediation of contaminated land Environment Agency, Private developers

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, HSE, Environment Agency

EN9 Green Belt Green Belt boundaries on Proposals Map ECDC, EERA

Development control process and decisions ECDC, private developers, Registered Social Landlords

Risks

4.3.5 There are a number of risks to delivery of the Core Strategy aims, objectives and policies, mainly because delivery of most new development is dependent on market forces. Demand 123 for housing is high and this is likely to continue, so it is expected that the housing requirement can be delivered. Delivery of affordable housing will depend on public funding and the willingness of developers to adopt the affordable housing targets contained in the plan. Employment growth will be dependent on economic conditions and the attractiveness of East Cambridgeshire as a place for business investment. Delivery of sustainable construction objectives will depend on how well developers embrace energy efficiency technologies. East Cambr 4.3.6 Lack of provision of the necessary infrastructure for housing is a key risk to delivery, and this has been highlighted in section 4.1 above. Information has been provided by infrastructure providers based on their best knowledge, which has informed phasing. However, future provision will rely on funding for the works. This may require a regional idgeshire Core Str approach in some cases as infrastructure providers have competing demands for funding and works from other locations in the region, such as the growth points of Cambridge City and Northstowe.

Flexibility and contingency ategy 4.3.7 Flexibility is one of the tests of soundness of a development plan document. In providing flexibility there must be a balance between providing certainty for the development industry and the local community and allowing for a change in circumstances so that policies do not rapidly become out of date. A number of the Core Strategy policies are criteria based, which allows for variations in individual circumstances within the overarching policy approach. Flexibility is also gained where policies refer to viability tests, and all planning applications are subject to negotiation to meet the needs of each development.

4.3.8 An element of flexibility and contingency has also been incorporated into the timeframe of the Core Strategy. Government requires local authorities to plan for at least 15 years beyond adoption of the Core Strategy. The East Cambs Core Strategy plans for a 16 year period, up to the year 2025. This additional year will ensure that any slippage in the adoption timetable does not affect the soundness of the Plan. It should also help to provide additional flexibility and choice in the number and range of housing and employment allocation sites.

4.3.9 Flexibility is also built into the Council's estimate of housing supply in Policy CS2 as the calculations do not take account of potential completions on small greenfield sites which are likely to happen in the future.This is despite evidence that this source is likely to continue, given the particular circumstances and rural nature of the district. In addition, whilst evidence points to a continued strong future supply on small brownfield sites (as detailed in Appendix 2), this source of supply has been substantially discounted - thereby providing further flexibility. The employment land policy also creates flexibility and choice by significantly ‘over-allocating’ land for employment purposes. This should help to overcome common issues with delivery and result in additional economic development in East Cambridgeshire.

4.3.10 The policies will be monitored through the Annual Monitoring Report, which will gather information on the indicators listed in the section below. If targets are not being met it may be necessary to review policies, or another DPD, or produce additional Supplementary Planning Documents to give guidance on the implementation of a particular policy.

4.4 Monitoring

4.4.1 The monitoring and review of the effectiveness of local development documents is key to the new planning system and should be undertaken on a continuous basis. The effectiveness of policies and implementation measures can be monitored by identifying appropriate 124 indicators and targets. Monitoring results will be reported in the Council’s Annual Monitoring Report, and will identify which policies and implementation measures are succeeding and which need to be revisited or replaced.

4.4.2 The tables below lists indicators and targets for each policy. These look to provide a consistent basis for monitoring the performance of the Core Strategy policies, and where possible repeat national, regional and local indicators and targets identified by the Government, EERA, the East Cambs Sustainable Community Strategy, Local Area Agreements and Sustainability Appraisal. The targets in the tables are those identified in

the Core Strategy policies, but are repeated here for clarity. The tables also details the ategy relevant Core Strategy objectives and Sustainability Appraisal objectives to which each policy area relates. idgeshire Core Str East Cambr

125

126

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Table 4.7 Monitoring plan: spatial strategy

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

CS1 Spatial Strategy a) Number/proportion of dwellings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, a) Housing development - a) County Council Annual completed in Market Towns, Key Service 7, 8 7.1, 7.2 approximately 70% in the Housing Completions Survey Centres, Limited Service Centres, Smaller Market Towns and 14% in the Villages and the Countryside Key Service Centres

b) Number/proportion of employment b) Employment floorspace b) County Council Annual floorspace completed in Market Towns, completed Business Completions Survey Key Service Centres, Limited Service Centres, Smaller Villages and the Countryside

CS2 Housing a) Number of dwelling completions 1, 2, 3, 8, 9 1.1 5.1, 6.2, a) At least 5,688 between 2009 a) National Indicator 154/ AMR 6.3 and 2025, and yearly targets as Core Indicator, County Council b) Number of dwellings completed in each identified in the Council’s latest Annual Housing Completions settlement and in the countryside housing trajectory Survey

c) % of dwellings completed on previously b) As specified in settlement b) As above developed land (net and gross) distribution specified in Policy CS1 and CS2, the Council’s c) AMR Core Indicator, County d) Number of affordable houses completed latest housing trajectory, and Council Annual Housing phasing policies in future site Completions Survey specific DPDs

c) At least 35% of housing provided 2001 to 2025, and d) National Indicator 155/ AMR annual targets as identified in Core Indicator, County Council the latest previously developed Annual Housing Completions land trajectory Survey

d) At least 30% of housing provided between 2008 and 2025 Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

CS3 Gypsies and a) Number of gypsy pitches completed 1, 2, 3, 8 5.1, 6.2, 6.3 a) RSS target - 35 pitches a) County Council Annual travellers and travelling between 2006 and 2011, and 46 Housing Completions Survey. showpeople b) Number of gypsy pitches completed in pitches between 2011 and 2025 East Cambs local monitoring. each sub-district area Core AMR Indicator b) 56% in north of district, 18% c) Tenure of gypsy pitches in central area, and 26% in b) As above south over the Plan period d) Number of vacant pitches on Council c) East Cambs local monitoring run sites c) Needs identified in the East Cambs Gypsy Assessment d) East Cambs local monitoring e) Number of unauthorised encampments in the district d) Minimise e) Six monthly Government Caravan count e) Minimise

CS4 Employment a) Amount of land (ha) and floorspace (m2) 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 a) Increase existing average of a) County Council Annual developed for employment use for B1, B2 9 3.6ha per annum Employment Completions and B8 uses Survey, AMR Core Indicator b) Increase in proportion with b) Amount of new B1, B2 and B8 settlement distribution specified b) County Council Annual employment land and floorspace in Policy CS4 and policies in Employment Completions completed in each settlement future site specific DPDs Survey

c) Amount of new B1, B2 and B8 c) Maximise c) County Council Annual employment development on previously Employment Completions developed land d) No fixed target Survey, AMR Core Indicator

d) Amount of floorspace developed for e) Minimise d) As above employment which is on current employment land or land allocated for f) No fixed target employment use (sqm) e) As above e) Amount of B1, B2 and B8 land lost to non-employment uses g) Maximise f) County Council Annual Employment Completions Survey, AMR Core Indicator 127 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

128

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

f) Amount of employment land available g) ABI by type h) 6,200 net job growth 2006 – h) ABI g) Earnings – mean per hour and gross 2025 weekly pay for full-time employees i) National Indicator 171/ ABI i) Increase h) Net number of new jobs created

i) Number of new VAT registrations

CS5 Retail and Town a) Amount of completed and committed 2, 4, 5, 9 6.1, 7.1, 7.3 a) As specified in policy CS5, a) County Council Annual Retail centre uses retail development each year, by: and in phasing policies in future Completions Survey (Town site specific DPDs Centre uses are National Core Settlement Indicator) Location (e.g. town centre/edge of b) Minimise centre) b) Local health checks by East Type c) No target proposed, apart Cambs Economic Development from new sports provision in Ely, team b) Amount of vacant retail floorspace by where the exact scale will be settlement and location identified in future site specific c) East Cambs local monitoring DPDs c) Amount of completed and committed leisure development each year, by:

Settlement Location (e.g. town centre/edge of centre) Type

CS6 Environment Total amount of open space provision per 8, 9, 10, 11 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 4ha per 1,000 population East Cambs local monitoring 1,000 population 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, Targets set in individual policies Other Indicators set in individual policies 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, contained in the Environment contained in the Environment table below 5.3, Chapter below Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

CS7 Infrastructure a) Number of completed new or improved 6, 7, 11 1.2, 4.1, 5.1, a) Maximise to include all a) and b)County Council Annual community, infrastructure or transport 6.1, 7.1, 7.2 provisions in Policy CS7 Completions Survey, ECDC facilities provided per annum local monitoring b) Minimise b) Number of important facilities lost per annum

CS8 Access % of new dwellings completed each year 2, 7, 10, 12 1.2, 4.1, 6.1, Maximise Cambs County Council Annual within 30 minutes public transport time of 7.1 Completions survey GP, hospital, primary & secondary schools, Targets set in individual policies employment areas, retail centre contained in the services and infrastructure table below Other Indicators set in individual policies contained in the services and infrastructure table below

CS9 Ely Indicators are set within individual policies 1-12 1.1, 1.2 Targets are set within individual relating to housing, employment, policies relating to housing, environment, services and infrastructure employment, environment, in the tables above and below services and infrastructure in the tables above and below

CS10 Soham Indicators are set within individual policies 1-12 1.1, 1.2 Targets are set within individual relating to housing, employment, policies relating to housing, environment, services and infrastructure employment, environment, in tables the above and below services and infrastructure in the tables above and below

CS11 Littleport Indicators are set within individual policies 1-12 1.1, 1.2 Targets are set within individual relating to housing, employment, policies relating to housing, environment, services and infrastructure employment, environment, in the tables above and below services and infrastructure in the tables above and below 129 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

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ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Table 4.8 Monitoring plan: housing

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related Target Indicator Spatial SA source/Information objective objective reference

H1 Housing Mix a) % of additional dwellings completed containing 1, 3 6.3 a) At least 40% of completions on a) County Council Annual 2 or less bedrooms schemes of 10 dwellings or more Housing Completions Survey, East Cambs local b) % of additional dwellings completed meeting b)A proportion on schemes of 5 or monitoring Lifetime Homes standards or equivalent more dwellings b) East Cambs local monitoring

H2 Density Number of dwellings completed per hectare on 1, 3, 8, 9, 1.1, 3.1, As set out in Policy H2 County Council Annual schemes of 10+ houses in each settlement 10, 12 3.2, 3.3, Housing Completions category 5.1, 6.3 Survey, East Cambs local monitoring

H3 Affordable a) Number and % of affordable houses completed, 1, 2, 3 5.1, 6.2, a) On schemes of 3 dwellings and County Council Annual Housing their location, and tenure, per year 6.3, above: Minimum of 40% of total Housing Completions completed dwellings in south; Survey, East Cambs local b) % of additional dwellings completed meeting Minimum of 30% of total completed monitoring Lifetime Homes standards or equivalent dwellings in north; of which 70% should be for rent and 30% shared b) Building Regs, ECDC local ownership monitoring

b) At least 20% on schemes of 5 or more dwellings

H4 Affordable housing Number and % of affordable houses completed 1, 3 5.1, 6.2, Maximise to contribute to overall County Council Annual exceptions on exception sites, their location, and tenure per 6.3 minimum requirement of 30% of all Housing Completions year housing as affordable Survey, East Cambs local monitoring

H5 Dwellings for rural Number of dwellings completed for rural workers 1, 3, 4 1.1, 7.1, Minimise County Council Annual workers per year and their location 7.3 Housing Completions Survey, East Cambs local monitoring Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related Target Indicator Spatial SA source/Information objective objective reference

H6 Residential care Number of residential care home bed spaces 1, 3, 6 5.1 As set out in the Council’s Housing County Council Annual homes completed per year Strategy and the Cambridge Housing Completions Sub-Region strategic Market Survey, East Cambs local Housing Assessment monitoring

H7 Mobile home and Number of mobile home pitches lost per year 1, 3 1.1, 6.2, 0 County Council Annual residential caravan 6.3, Housing Completions parks Survey, East Cambs local monitoring

H8 Alterations or Number of extensions or replacement buildings 1, 3, 8, 9 1.1 0 County Council Annual replacement of rural approvals with capacity of 25% more than the Housing Completions buildings original building Survey, East Cambs local monitoring

Table 4.9 Monitoring plan: employment

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

EC1 Retention of Amount of employment land lost to 1, 4 1.1, 7.1, 7.2, Minimise unless comply with criteria County Council Annual employment sites other uses 7.3 Employment Completions Survey

EC2 Extensions to Number of extensions schemes 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 No Target County Council Annual existing businesses in approved 11 Employment Completions the countryside Survey

EC3 Non-residential Number of rural buildings that are 1, 4, 8, 10, 11 1.1, 7.1, 7.2, Maximise East Cambs local monitoring re-use or replacement re-used and redeveloped for 7.3 of buildings in the non-residential uses countryside

EC4 Re-use of rural Number of rural buildings lost to 1, 4, 8 1.1, 7.1, 7.2, Minimise unless comply with criteria County Council Annual buildings as dwellings residential use 7.3 Housing Completions Survey, East Cambs local monitoring 131 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

132

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

EC5 Farm Number of schemes approved not 1, 4, 8 1.1, 7.1, 7.2, 0 East Cambs local monitoring diversification related to tourism/economic 7.3 development or new agricultural activities

EC6 New employment Number of new employment buildings 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 No target County Council Annual buildings on the edge approved on the edge of settlements 11 Employment Completions of settlements Survey

EC7 Horse racing No indicator 1, 4, 8 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 No target -

EC8 Tourist facilities Number of new tourism-related 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 6.1, 7.2, 7.3 Maximise County Council Annual and visitor attractions permissions with no significant 12 Completions Survey and East adverse effects on the environment Cambs local monitoring

EC9 Tourist No indicator 1, 4, 8 6.1, 7.2, 7.3 No target - accommodation

EC10 Holiday and No indicator 1, 3, 4, 8 6.1, 7.2, 7.3 No target - seasonal occupancy conditions

Table 4.10 Monitoring plan: services and infrastructure

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

S1 Location of retail Amount of completed retail, office and 2, 4, 5, 6 1.1, 1.2, 7.1, Maximise % County Council’s Annual and town centre uses leisure development in town centres 7.2, 7.3 Development Completions Survey

S2 Retail uses in town a) % of A1 floorspace in Ely Primary 2, 4, 5, 6 6.1 a) At least 60% of net floorspace a) – d) County Council Annual centres Shopping Frontage Development Completions b) 0 Survey b) No of units of >200sqm (net) lost in Ely Primary Shopping frontage c) 12% or less of net floorspace e) East Cambs local monitoring

d) 0 Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

c) Amount of A2 retail floorspace e) Minimise created in Ely Primary Shopping Frontage

d) No. of units of >200sqm (net) lost

e) Number of vacant retail units in Ely, Soham, Littleport

S3 Retaining a) Number of permissions granted 6, 7, 12 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, a) 0 unless comply with criteria a) County Council Annual community facilities involving the loss of a key service or 7.3, Development Completions and open space facility b) Maximise Survey, East Cambs local 1.1, 2.3, 5.1, monitoring b) Number of sports pitches available 5.3, 6.4 for public use per 1,000 population b) East Cambs Sports Facilities and Play Areas Assessment, East Cambs local monitoring

S4 Developer Indicators will be set in Planning 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 2.3, 3.3, 5.3, Maximise contributions in accordance East Cambs local monitoring contributions Obligations SPD 12 6.1, 6.3, 7.2 with Planning Obligations SPD

S5 No Indicator 7, 8 3.1, 6.1, 7.2 No Target - Telecommunications

S6 Transport impact a) % of rights of way that are rated 2, 7, 10, 11, 1.2, 2.3, 4.1, a) Maximise a) County Council Rights of ‘easy to use’ (assessed against such 12 Way Survey criteria as surface condition, sign posts, stiles etc) b) East Cambs local monitoring

b) Number of improvements to walking c) East Cambs local monitoring and cycling routes and Census

c) % commuter travel by sustainable modes 133 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

134

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

S7 Parking provision % and amount of completed 2, 9, 10, 11 7.2 100% County Council Annual development within Use Classes A, B Development Completions and D complying with car parking Survey, East Cambs local standards monitoring

Table 4.11 Monitoring plan: environment

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

EN1 Landscape a) Number of planning appeals upheld 8, 9 2.3, 5.1, 5.3 a) 0 a) and b) East Cambs local character where planning permission has been monitoring refused due to harm to landscape b) Maximise (currently 1 area) character

b) Amount of eligible open spaces managed to Green Flag Award standard

EN2 Design Number of appeals allowed following 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 0 East Cambs local monitoring refusal on design grounds 4.1, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.2 Other targets may be proposed in Other indicators may be proposed in the Design Guide SPD the Design Guide SPD

EN3 Sustainable Proportion of new dwellings meeting 2, 7, 10, 11 1.2, 1.3, 3.3, Maximise, targets will be set in Building Control construction and the BREEAM/Eco Homes very good 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, Design Guide SPD energy efficiency standard 5.2

EN4 Renewable a) Number of schemes of 10 or more 10, 11 1.2, 4.1, 4.3 a) All a) County Council Annual energy dwellings or 1000sqm floorspace Renewable Energy providing 10% energy requirements b) Maximise the overall provision of Completions from renewable energy sources renewable energy capacity Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

b) Renewable energy capacity b) AMR Core Indicator. County installed by type (mw) each year: Council Annual Renewable Energy Completions 1. Bio fuels 2. Onshore wind Building Control 3. Water 4. Solar energy 5. Geothermal energy

EN5 Historic a) Number of Listed Buildings ‘at risk’ 9 3.1, 3.2 a) Minimise (currently 26) a) AMR Core Indicator. East conservation Cambs Local Monitoring, b) % of Conservation Areas covered b) Maximise in accordance with English Heritage by up to date Character Assessment Conservation Area Appraisals SPDs b) and c) East Cambs local c) Number of buildings on local list c) No fixed target monitoring

EN6 Biodiversity and Change in areas and populations of 8 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, a) and b) Maximise beneficial a), b) and d) National Indicator geology biodiversity importance: 5.3 change 197/ AMR Core Indicator, Annual Data from County a) Change in priority habitats and c) Increase % by 2025 Biological Research Centre, species by type County Council development d) Proportion of Local Sites where monitoring information b) Change in areas designated for positive conservation management their intrinsic environmental value is, has been, or is being c) As above and Natural implemented England Annual Survey c) % of SSSIs in ‘favourable’ or information on website ‘unfavourable recovering’ condition

EN7 Flood risk a) Number of planning applications 10 4.3 a) 0 a) AMR Core Indicator approved contrary to Environment Environment Agency Annual Agency advice per year on either flood b) Maximise Report risk or water quality grounds b) East Cambs local b) Number of permissions monitoring incorporating SuDS schemes 135 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

136

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Policy Area Monitoring indicator Related Related SA Target Indicator source/Information Spatial objective reference objective

EN8 Pollution a) Number of Air Quality Management 11 1.2, 4.1, a) 0 a - c) Cambridgeshire County Areas Council and East Cambs local b) Levels not to exceed national monitoring b) Annual average concentration of objectives nitrogen dioxide c) Levels not to exceed national c) Annual average particulate matter objectives levels

EN9 Green Belt Amount of land lost to inappropriate 8, 12 1.1, 2.1, 2.3, 0 East Cambs local monitoring development per year 5.3 of planning applications 137 East Cambr Appendix 1 Schedule of Local Plan policies to be replaced

This schedule indicates how East Cambridgeshire District Local Plan policies will be dealt with in the

idgeshire Core Str LDF. The table notes which policies will be replaced/merged or deleted by the adoption of the Core Strategy in October 2009, and which policies will remain as saved at this date.The table also indicates which policies were previously deleted by Government, at April 2008. The saved Local Plan policies (excluding the supporting text) can be found following the tables below.

Chapter 2 - Strategy and aims of the Plan ategy

District Local Plan Deleted at Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at policies April 2008? October Core policies Development control 2009 policies

Policy 1 - Strategy and - Policies CS1 to CS11 - - aims

Chapter 3 - Communities

District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development control October policies 2009

Policy 2 - Strategy - Policies CS1 to CS11 - -

Policy 3 - Housing definitions - Policy CS2 - Housing - -

Policies 4 to 10 - Settlement strategy - Policy CS1 – Spatial - - strategy

Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS4 – Employment

Policies 11 to 14 - Housing supply - - - Yes

Policy 15 – Housing supply Yes - - -

Policy 16 - Development briefs - - - Yes

Policy 17 - Piecemeal development - - Policy EN2 - Design -

Policies 18 to 20 - Affordable - Policy CS2 - Housing Policy H3 – Affordable - housing housing

138 Policy 21 - Rural exceptions - Policy CS2 - Housing Policy H4 – Affordable - schemes housing exceptions

Policies 22 to 24 - Residential and - Policy CS2 - Housing Policy H6 – Residential care - nursing homes homes

Policy 25 – Housing mix Yes - - - District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved

at April at ategy 2008? Core policies Development control October policies 2009

Policies 26 and 27 - Housing mix - Policy CS2 - Housing Policy H1 – Housing mix and - type idgeshire Core Str Policy EN2 – Design

Policy S7 – Parking provision East Cambr Policy 28 - Backland and tandem - - Policy H2 – Housing density - development Policy EN2 - Design

Policy 29 - Residential amenity - - Policy EN2 - Design -

Policy 30 - Residential caravans and - Policy CS2 - Housing Policy H7 – Mobile home and mobile homes residential caravan parks

Policies 31 and 32 - Gypsies Yes - - -

Policy 33 – Travelling showpeople Yes - - -

Chapter 4 - Environment

District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development control October policies 2009

Policy 34 - Environment - Policy CS6 - Environment - -

Policy 35 - Environmental Yes - - - Assessments

Policy 36 - Air quality - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN8 - Pollution -

Policy 37 - Water and ground - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN8 - Pollution - pollution

Policy 38 - Drainage - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN7 – Flood risk -

Policy EN8 - Pollution

Policy 39 - Floodplain protection - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN7 – Flood risk - 139 Policy 40 - Surface water run-off - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN7 – Flood risk -

Policy 41 - Water resources - Policy CS7 - Infrastructure - -

Policy 42 - Safeguarding areas - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN8 – Pollution -

Policies 43 and 44 - - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN8 – Pollution - Contaminated land East Cambr District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development control October policies 2009 idgeshire Core Str Policies 45 to 48 - Noise - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN8 – Pollution -

Policy EN1 – Landscape and settlement character ategy Policy 49 Light pollution - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN8 - Pollution -

Policy 50 - Energy generation - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy EN3 – Sustainable - and conservation construction and energy efficiency

Policy EN4 – Renewable energy

Policies 51 and 52 - Sites of - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and - international/national nature geology conservation

Policies 53 and 54 – Sites of - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and - local/regional importance for geology nature conservation

Policy 55 - Wicken Fen - Policy CS6 – Environment - - safeguarding area

Policy 56 - Wildlife protection - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and - geology

Policy 57 - Habitat improvement - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and - geology

Chapter 5 - Design and Conservation

District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policies 58 to 60 - Building - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN1 – Landscape and - design settlement character

Policy 61 - Village design Yes - - - statements 140 Policy 62 - Housing density - Policy CS2 - Housing Policy H2 – Housing density -

Policy 63 - Planning out crime - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN2 – Design -

Policy 64 - People with - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN2 – Design - disabilities District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved

at April at ategy 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policy 65 - Energy conservation - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN3 – Sustainable - construction and energy efficiency idgeshire Core Str

Policy 66 - Car parking - Policy CS8 - Access Policy S7 – Parking provision -

Policies 67 to 72 - Conservation - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN5 – Historic - Areas conservation East Cambr

Policies 73 to 77 - Listed - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN5 – Historic - Buildings conservation

Policy 78 – Buildings of - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN5 – Historic - architectural or historic merit conservation

Policy 79 - Scheduled Ancient - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN5 – Historic - Monuments and Archaeology conservation

Policy 80 - Historic Parks and - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN5 – Historic - Gardens conservation

Chapter 6 - Countryside

District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policy 81 - Trees - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and - geology

Policy 82 - Landscape - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy EN1 – Landscape and - character settlement character

Policy 83 - Agricultural land - Policies CS1 to CS11 - -

Policies 84 and 85 - Green - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN9 – Green Belt - Belt

Policy 86 - Development in - Policy CS1 – Spatial - - the countryside strategy

Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS3 – Gypsies and travellers 141 Policy CS4 – Employment

Policy CS5 – Retail and town centre uses East Cambr District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009 idgeshire Core Str Policy 87 - Design - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN1 – Landscape and - settlement character

Policy EN2 – Design ategy Policy 88 - Replacement - - Policy H8 – Alternations or - dwellings replacement of dwellings in the countryside

Policies 89 and 90 - - Policy CS2 – Housing Policy H5 – Dwellings for rural - Agricultural and Stud Worker workers dwellings

Policy 91 - Occupancy - Policy CS2 - Housing Policy H5 – Dwellings for rural - conditions workers

Policy 92 - Agriculture - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN1 – Landscape and - settlement character

Policy 93 - Rural - Policy CS4 – Employment Policy EC5 – Farm diversification - diversification

Policy 94 - Re-use and - Policy CS4 - Employment Policy EC3 – Non-residential - adaptation of rural buildings re-use of buildings in the countryside

Policy 95 - Re-use and - Policy CS4 - Employment Policy EC4 – Residential re-use - adaptation of rural buildings of buildings in the countryside

Policy 96 - Horses in the - Policy CS1 – Spatial Policy EC5 – Farm diversification - countryside strategy Policy EN1 – Landscape and settlement character

Policy EN2 - Design

Policies 97 and 98 - Horse - Policy CS4 - Employment Policy EC7 – Horse racing - racing

Policy 99 - Security - - Policy H5 – Dwellings for rural - workers

Policy 100 - Golf courses - Policy CS1 – Spatial Policy EC5 – Farm diversification - strategy

142 Policy 101 - Trees and - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and - woodland geology

Policies 102 and 103 - - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and - Ponds, reservoirs, and geology watercourses District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved

at April at ategy 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policy 104 - Countryside Yes - - - heritage sites idgeshire Core Str Chapter 7 - Community Facilities and Infrastructure Provision

District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at East Cambr 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policies 105 and 106 - New - Policy CS7 - Policy S4 – Developer contributions - community facilities Infrastructure

Policy 107 - Open space and - Policy CS7 – Policy S3 – Retention of local - recreational provision Infrastructure facilities and services

Policy 108 - Open space and - Policy CS7 - Policy S4 – Developer contributions - recreational provision Infrastructure

Policy 109 - Allotments - Policy CS7 - Policy S3 – Retention of local - Infrastructure facilities and services

Policy 110 - Sport and - Policy CS1 – Spatial Policy EC5 – Farm diversification - outdoor recreation strategy Policy EN1 – Landscape and settlement character

Policy EN2 – Design

Policy EC9 – Tourist accommodation

Policy 111 – Sport and - Policy CS8 - Access Policy S6 – Transport impact - outdoor recreation Policy EN2 - Design

Policies 112 and 113 - - Policy CS4 - Policy S5 - Telecommunications - Telecommunications Employment

Policy 114 - Electricity - Policy CS6 - Policy EN1 – Landscape and - transmission lines Environment settlement character

Policy EN6 – Biodiversity and geology 143 East Cambr Chapter 8 - Movement

District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at idgeshire Core Str 2008? Core policies Development control October policies 2009

Policy 115 - The movement - Policy CS8 - Access - - strategy

ategy Policies 116 and 117 - - Policy CS7 – Infrastructure Policy S4 – Developer - Walking contributions Policy CS8 – Access Policy S6 – Transport impact

Policy 118 - Cycling - Policy CS7 – Infrastructure Policy S4 – Developer - contributions Policy CS8 – Access Policy S6 – Transport impact

Policy 119 - Traffic - Policy CS7 – Infrastructure - - management Policy CS8 – Access

Policy 120 – Road schemes Yes - - -

Policy 121 – Road schemes - Policy CS7 – Infrastructure - -

Policy CS8 – Access

Policies 122 and 123 - - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy Policy EN1 – Landscape and - Roadside services settlement character

Policy EN2 - Design

Policy 124 - Rail infrastructure - Policy CS10 - Soham - -

Policy 125 - & - Policy CS7 – Infrastructure Policy S4 – Developer - community transport contributions Policy CS8 - Access

Chapter 9 - Tourism

District Local Plan Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved 144 policies at April at 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policy 126 - Tourism - Policy CS4 – Employment - -

Policy CS9 - Ely District Local Plan Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved

policies at April at ategy 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policy 127 - Tourism in - Policy CS4 – Employment Policy EC8 – Tourist facilities and - East Cambs visitor attractions Policy CS9 - Ely idgeshire Core Str Policy EC9 – Tourist accommodation

Policy EC10 – Holiday and seasonal occupancy conditions East Cambr

Policy 128 - - Policy CS4 - Employment Policy EC9 – Tourist accommodation - Accommodation Policy EC10 – Holiday and seasonal occupancy conditions

Policy 129 - Fishing and - Policy CS6 - Environment - - boating

Policy 130 – Fishing and Yes - - - boating

Policy 131- Cycling - Policy CS7 – Infrastructure Policy S6 – Transport impact -

Policy CS8 - Access Policy S7 – Parking provision

Policy EC8 – Tourist facilities and visitor attractions

Chapter 10 - Town centres and village facilities

District Local Plan Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved policies at April at 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009

Policy 132 - Town - Policy CS5 – Retail and town Policy S1 – Location of retail and - centres centre uses town centre uses

Policy CS9 – Ely Policy S2 – Retail retention in town centres Policy CS10 – Soham

Policy CS11 - Littleport 145 Policy 133 - Local - Policy CS5 – Retail and town Policy S1 – Location of retail and - centres centre uses town centre uses

Policy 134 - Villages - Policy CS5 – Retail and town Policy S1 – Location of retail and - centre uses town centre uses

Policy 135 - Changes - Policy CS5 – Retail and town Policy S3 – Retention of local - of use centre uses facilities & services East Cambr District Local Plan Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved policies at April at 2008? Core policies Development control policies October 2009 idgeshire Core Str Policy 136 - Farm and - Policy CS4 - Employment Policy S1 – Location of retail and - factory shops town centre uses Policy CS5 – Retail and town centre uses Policy EC5 – Farm diversification ategy Policy 137 - Health - Policy CS7 - Infrastructure Policy S1 – Location of retail and - facilities town centre uses

Policy 138 - - Policy CS5 – Retail and town Policy S1 – Location of retail and - Restaurants and centre uses town centre uses take-aways

Chapter 11 - Business

District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies - Oct 2009 Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development control October policies 2009

Policy 139 - Target centres - Policy CS1 – Spatial Policy EC1 – Retention of - strategy employment sites

Policy CS4 - Employment

Policy 140 - Small businesses - Policy CS4 – Employment Policy EC6 – New - employment buildings on the edge of settlements

Policy 141 - Small businesses - Policy CS4 – Employment Policy S7 – Parking provision -

Policy 142 - Existing businesses - Policy CS4 – Employment Policy EC1 – Retention of - employment sites

Policy 143 – Existing - Policy CS4 – Employment Policy EC6 – New - businesses employment buildings on the edge of settlements

Policy 144 - Land supply - - - Yes

Policy 145 criteria ii to vi – Land - - - Yes supply

Policy 145 criteria i, vii and viii - Policy CS4 – Employment - - 146 – Land supply Policy CS10 - Soham

Policy 146 - Large scale industry - Policy CS4 – Employment - - and transport

Policy 147 - Lancaster Way Yes - - - Business Park Chapter 13 - Area Policies ategy District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development October control policies 2009

Policies 148 to 152 – Aldreth/ Ashley/ - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - idgeshire Core Str Barway/Black Horse Drove/Bottisham Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS4 - Employment East Cambr

Policy 153 – Doctor’s surgery, Tunbridge Yes - - - Lane, Bottisham

Policy 154 - Bottisham - Policy CS4 - Employment Policy EC1 – - Retention of employment sites

Policy 155 – Bottisham, housing at - - - Yes Tunbridge Lane

Policy 156 - Bottisham - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy S3 – - Retention of employment sites

Policies 157 and 158 – - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - Brinkley/Burrough Green Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS4 - Employment

Policy 159 - Burwell - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - -

Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy 160 – Burwell, mixed use at - - - Yes Reach Road

Policies 161 to 165 – - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - Chettisham/Cheveley /Chippenham/Coveney/Dullingham Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS4 - Employment

Policy 166 – Ely character and views - Policy CS6 - Environment Policy EN1 – - Landscape and 147 settlement character

Policy 167 – Ely design briefs - - - Yes

Policies 168 to 171 - Ely Yes - - - East Cambr District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies Saved at April at 2008? Core policies Development October control policies 2009 idgeshire Core Str Policy 172 – Ely transport - Policy CS8 – Access Policy S6 – - Transport impact Policy CS9 - Ely Policy EN2 - Design ategy

Policy 173 – Ely hotels Yes - - -

Policy 174 – Fordham - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - -

Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS4 - Employment

Policies 175 and 176 - Fordham Yes - - -

Policies 177 and 178 – Haddenham/ - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - Isleham Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS4 - Employment

Policies 179 and 180 – Isleham Baptist - - - Yes chapel/employment

Policies 181 to 185 – Kennett/ Kirtling/ Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - Little Downham/Little Thetford/Littleport Policy CS2 – Housing

Policy CS4 - Employment

Policy 186 – Littleport town centre - Policy CS5 – Retail and town Policy S1 – - centre use Location of retail and town centre Policy CS11 - Littleport uses

Policy 187 – Littleport employment sites - - - Yes

Policies 188 to 191 – Lode/Long - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - Meadow/Mepal/Newmarket Policy CS2 – Housing

148 Policy CS4 - Employment

Policy 192 – Newmarket, housing at - - - Yes Duchess Drive

Policies 193 to 199 – - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - Prickwillow/Pymoor/ Queen Adelaide/ Reach/ Saxon Street/Snailwell/Soham Policy CS2 – Housing District Local Plan policies Deleted Replaced by Core Strategy policies Saved

at April at ategy 2008? Core policies Development October control policies 2009

Policy CS4 - Employment idgeshire Core Str Policy 200 - Soham - Policy CS4 – Employment - -

Policy CS10 - Soham East Cambr Policy 201 – Soham railway - - - Yes

Policy 202 – Soham Commons - Policy CS6 – Environment Policy S3 – - Retention of local Policy CS10 - Soham facilities and services

Policy EN1 – Landscape and settlement character

Policy EN2 - Design

Policies 203 to 216 – - Policy CS1 – Spatial strategy - - Stetchworth/Stretham/ Stuntney/Sutton/ Swaffham Bulbeck/ Swaffham Policy CS2 – Housing Prior/Upware/Wardy Hill/ Wentworth/Wicken/Wilburton/Witcham/ Policy CS4 - Employment Witchford/Woodditton/

149 East Cambr Saved Local Plan Policies (as at October 2009)

Policies 11 to 14 - Housing supply idgeshire Core Str Policy 11

Within the City of Ely sufficient land has been allocated for approximately 1,619 new dwellings through the following allocations: ategy i. 22 hectares between Lynn Road and Downham Road, Ely for approximately 420 dwellings; ii. 15.2 hectares between Downham Road and West Fen Road, Ely for approximately 252 dwellings; iii. 37 hectares between West Fen Road and St Johns Road, Ely for approximately 629 dwellings; iv. 2.0 hectares between Witchford Road and Cambridge Road, Ely for approximately 40 dwellings; v. 15.6 hectares west of Prickwillow Road and east of High Barns, Ely for approximately 278 dwellings.

Policy 12

Within the Rural Growth Settlements of Soham and Littleport, sufficient land has been identified for approximately 875 new dwellings through the following allocations:

i. 11.78 hectares, Land north west of Soham for approximately 225 dwellings. ii. 35 hectares, Land to the south-west of Littleport for approximately 650 dwellings.

Policy 13

Within the Limited Rural Growth Settlements of Burwell and Sutton, sufficient land has been identified for approximately 117 new dwellings through the following allocations:-

i. Part of land between Swaffham Road and Reach Road, Burwell for approximately 40 dwellings; ii. 3.4 hectares, land north of The Brook, Sutton for approximately 65 dwellings; iii. 0.6 hectares, land north of Bellairs, Sutton for a maximum of 12 dwellings.

150 Policy 14 ategy

Within the Group Settlements of Bottisham, Fordham, Haddenham, Isleham, Little Downham, Newmarket Fringe, Stretham, Wilburton and Witchford, sufficient land has been identified for approximately 92 new houses through the following allocations:-

i. 0.8 hectares, land east of Tunbridge Lane, Bottisham for 15 dwellings; idgeshire Core Str ii. 0.9 hectares, land between Hillside Meadow and Church Street, Fordham for approximately 18 dwellings;

iii. approximately 11.4 hectares, land between Duchess Drive and Centre Drive on the East Cambr Newmarket Fringe for a maximum of 59 additional dwellings.

This Policy identifies those settlements where estate-scale allocations have been exceptionally made. The justification for these allocations is set out in the relevant area policies.

Policy 16 - Development briefs

Policy 16

The Council will prepare and/or approve development briefs for the housing allocations identified in Policies 11 to 14 in order to provide guidance to developers on the content, form and timing of the proposed development. Where a brief has been prepared and adopted by the Council as Supplementary Planning Guidance, it will form a material planning consideration in the determination of applications for development.

Policy 155 - Bottisham, housing at Tunbridge Lane

Policy 155

Approximately 1.7 hectares of land east of Tunbridge Lane is allocated for the development of a maximum of 15 dwellings during the current plan period. Proposals must be accompanied by a development brief which demonstrates how this first phase of the allocation will relate to the development of the remainder of the site.

Policy 160 - Burwell, mixed use at Reach Road 151 Policy 160

The former general industrial site between Swaffham Road and Reach Road, Burwell, which has been vacated, is allocated for a mixed use redevelopment principally for industrial and business purposes compatible with the surrounding areas. East Cambr Policy 167 - Ely design briefs

Policy 167 idgeshire Core Str

The Council will require developers to prepare and agree, prior to development taking place, a detailed design brief demonstrating how they intend to develop the areas of land identified for housing in Policy 11. Particular attention must be paid to ensuring that housing design, materials, layout, open space and landscaping reflect the character of the city and that where appropriate

ategy there is a gradual transition from open countryside to the built up area. Particular attention will have to be paid to issues relating to the attenuation and discharge of surface water run-off from housing developments on the western side of Ely in order to maintain the land drainage status quo.

Policies 179 and 180 - Isleham Baptist Chapel/employment

Policy 179

The Council will consider favourably proposals to relocate the Baptist Chapel from the centre of Isleham to a site within, or adjoining, the built edge of the settlement, subject to issues of design, landscaping and parking being satisfactorily resolved and subject to the proposed use not adversely affecting the amenities of local residents.

Policy 180

The Council will seek to retain the area of land identified for employment/business use to the east of Hall Barn Road as shown on inset map 18. Applications for alternative forms of development on this site will be resisted.

Policy 187 - Littleport employment sites

Policy 187

Land is allocated for approximately 19.5 hectares of B1 (Business), B2 (General Industry) and B8 (Storage & Distribution) uses at the following locations: 152 i. Land to the west of Black Bank road and south of Wisbech Road (Approx. 7.7 hectares) ii. Land to the north of Wisbech Road (Approx. 7.4 hectares)Land to the west of Woodfen Road, (Approx. 3.4 hectares) iii. Land at the former railway goods yard to the north-east of Littleport Town Centre (Approx. 1 hectare). This should be set aside for starter units. In view of its proximity to Littleport railway station, development of the site should also incorporate some parking spaces for commuters' cars and some provision for public transport. Policy 192 - Newmarket, housing at Duchess Drive ategy

Policy 192

Approximately 11.4 hectares of land between Duchess Drive and Centre Drive is allocated for development of a maximum of 59 additional dwellings. Completion of a detailed design brief and section 106 obligation will be required before development of this site takes place. idgeshire Core Str

Policy 201 - Soham railway East Cambr

Policy 201

Land to the east of the Ely-Ipswich railway line as indicated on the Inset Map will be reserved for railway related use.

153 154 Appendix 2 Housing supply and trajectory ategy This appendix sets out details of past and anticipated housing completions, and is intended to provide background information in support of Policy CS2 ‘Housing’. It includes: a. A brief explanation of the sources of housing supply and methodology used b. A ‘housing trajectory’, which allows estimated housing delivery rates to be compared against idgeshire Core Str the RSS housing target for the district c. Detailed tables of housing source data d. A ‘previously developed land’ trajectory, which shows the proportion of housing growth which

is estimated will take place on brownfield land East Cambr a) Sources of housing supply

1. Completions – This relates to dwellings completed between 2001 and 2008, in the early part of the RSS period. Data on housing completions for these years has been taken from Cambridgeshire County Council’s Annual Housing Monitoring Survey. A summary of completions by settlement is set out in Table 1 below.

2. Outstanding commitments – This relates to outstanding commitments on large sites, capable of accommodating 10 or more dwellings. It includes sites with outstanding planning permission at 31st March 2008, and sites granted since 31st March 2008 or with resolution to grant. Government guidance in PPS3 states that sites with planning permission can be included within supply calculations, providing that it can be demonstrated that sites are developable and likely to contribute to housing delivery within the period. This evidence is provided in the Council’s Housing Land Availability Assessment (2007 and 2008), where each of the sites is assessed in terms of its suitability and deliverability and have been judged to be appropriate to include. Delivery timescales are those provided by developers/agents – or estimated where not provided. Details are set out in Tables 2a, 2c and 2d below.

This source also includes 2 sites which are allocated for housing in the District Local Plan (2000), but which do not yet have full planning permission for housing. However, these sites have been subject to the same suitability and deliverability assessment as the sites with planning permission, and it is considered that these are likely to come forward for development in the near future. Details are set out in Table 2b below.

3. Outstanding commitments on small sites - This source relates to sites with outstanding planning permission for up to 9 dwellings (as at 31st March 2008), with the majority being for 1 or 2 dwellings only. Details are set out in Table 3 below. Development of this scale is not subject to significant infrastructure constraints, and most are brownfield sites within development envelopes. Evidence from recent completions between 2001 and 2008 indicates that this is a strong source of supply, and the 553 dwellings in this category are therefore considered deliverable.

4. Windfall estimates – Government guidance in PPS3 states that windfalls should not normally be included in the first 10 years of supply. Normally, only identified sites may be included in the 155 first 10 years of supply. As a result the first 10 years of supply consists of identified sites (including small sites with planning permission) with no unidentified windfall included.

Beyond 10 years an element of unspecified windfall may be included where justified. This Council considers that there is good reason and evidence to support the inclusion of two elements of windfall estimates beyond the first 10 years of supply (for the period 2018 - 2025): East Cambr Small brownfield sites within settlement Rural exception housing windfall

idgeshire Core Str Small brownfield sites within settlements

Historical completions data (from the County Council’s Annual Housing Completions Survey) indicates that small site brownfield windfall development forms a very significant source of overall supply in East Cambridgeshire, and that this windfall source has been very strong and consistent source of

ategy supply in recent years. Small sites are defined as accommodating 9 or less dwellings. This high windfall element is partly the consequence of particular local circumstances, as East Cambridgeshire is a rural authority with relatively low densities, and recent significant rises in land values mean various areas of available land are now being proposed for development. There are over 40 settlements in the district, and it would be too time consuming to identify all these small specific sites which are likely to come forward in the future, and ignoring this source would result in an under-estimation of supply, and a significant ‘over-allocation’ of greenfield sites to meet strategic housing targets.

Historical rates of small brownfield windfall completions have been used to inform the estimated future rates of development from this source, but have reduced by 20% to account for a decline in the availability of infill plots within settlement boundaries.

It should also be noted that the proposed methodology underestimates overall small site windfall capacity within settlements, as it excludes greenfield capacity – Small brownfield supply only has been estimated. However, East Cambridgeshire is a rural district, and there is a strong trend in the delivery of greenfield completions within settlements – from agricultural barns, farmyards and small fields. Over the past 6 years approximately 7% of all housing development has been completed on small greenfield sites within settlements. It is likely that this source will decrease during the Plan period, as the stock of small greenfield sites within settlements, is, by logic, smaller than the stock of brownfield land. However, the high numbers of outstanding planning permissions at 31st March 2008 is also evidence that this supply is likely to continue strongly in the short to medium term.

The windfall estimates have also been slightly adjusted for a small number of settlements, to take account of unusual patterns of completions between 2001 and 2008. For example, there are some settlements classed as ‘infill’ where the amount of outstanding planning permissions exceeds the projected number of dwellings based broadly on historical completions trends (for example, Aldreth and Black Horse Drove) – and therefore the actual completions rate will be much higher than predicted. Conversely, there are also infill settlements which have had a surprisingly high number of housing completions in recent years – but where it is possible this trend may not continue in the future due to the small size of the settlements (for example, Cheveley and Saxon Street).

Rural exception windfall sites

The Council also considers there is appropriate evidence to support the inclusion of windfall estimates relating to development of housing on ‘exception’ sites outside settlements, where this housing meets particular housing needs and/or accords with Government guidance in PPS7. Examples include 156 affordable housing schemes, and dwellings for agricultural, stud and other rural-based workers, which are permitted in the countryside as an exception to normal strict policies of control. Also, the conversion of rural buildings, and the sub-division of existing housing in the countryside fall into this category.

In relation to affordable housing, there is a high level of need in East Cambridgeshire for additional dwellings to meet local needs. Whilst some of these sites are delivered via planning obligations on-site, historical completions data reveals that a significant proportion of affordable dwellings have been delivered on rural exception sites. This is likely to continue in the future, particularly given the fact that most of the villages in East Cambridgeshire are small and are proposed as ‘infill’ only villages

in the LDF – therefore little affordable housing is likely to be delivered in these settlements via planning ategy obligations. The identification of rural exception sites for allocation in the LDF is not considered to be an effective use of Council resources – it would be a time consuming process, be unlikely to yield many sites, and may result in delivery problems with owners seeing hope value and holding out for general market housing.

In relation to dwellings for rural workers in the countryside, there is a large demand for such dwellings idgeshire Core Str as East Cambridgeshire is a rural district with high quality fen farmland and a sizable agricultural economy. Occupancy conditions ensure that these properties remain in such use, and are a form of low-cost housing meeting specific rural requirements. In addition, there are unique circumstances, East Cambr as the presence of the national headquarters of UK horse racing, stud farms and 2 racecourses in Newmarket, means that there is a high level of demand for stud worker dwellings. The Council needs to be flexible to respond to the needs of these local businesses, and therefore it is impossible to allocate these sites in the LDF in advance.

The estimated supply from this source is set out in Table 4 below. Whilst historical completion rates have been used as the basis of estimating future growth, the figures have been manipulated to take account of likely future demand and some anomalies in recent supply. For example, in the case of agricultural and stud worker dwellings the projected figures have been significantly discounted, in order to account for the fact that there is already a significant stock of these dwellings in the countryside, and there is unlikely to be a sustained increase in the number of new farms and studs.

5. Capacity on large potential sites within settlements – This source relates to large sites (capable of accommodating 10+ dwellings) within settlement boundaries which have been identified in the Council’s Housing Land Availability Assessment as having potential for development – e.g. they have been assessed as potentially suitable, deliverable and available for housing development. It is proposed that these opportunity sites should be explored for potential allocation in the site specific DPD's. Delivery rates are those estimated by developers/owners, or estimated by the Council where this information has not been provided.

6. Potential broad locations outside settlements – Sources 6 and 7 relate to the ‘shortfall’ in provision which needs to be met over the Plan period – e.g. the number of additional dwellings which will need to come forward on new sites allocated outside current settlement boundaries. Source 6 relates to broad areas which have been identified in the Core Strategy as being suitable for housing growth - with the exact sites and boundaries to be determined through production of the site specific Development Plan Documents. The phasing periods suggested in section 4.2 of the Core Strategy have been reflected in the delivery rates.

7. Additional allocations to be identified - This source is the approximate amount of additional dwellings which the Council will need to identify in the site specific Development Plan Documents. The phasing periods shown in Table 7 are very broad estimates, as the distribution, location and phasing of allocations will need to be determined in the site specific DPDs. 157 East Cambr b) Housing trajectory

The housing trajectory sets out how various sources of supply will contribute to provision, and when it is expected that development will occur. The trajectory is based on actual housing completions idgeshire Core Str between 2001 and 2008, and estimated completions on outstanding commitments, windfall and potential allocated sites up to the year 2025. It is published annually as part of the Council’s Annual Monitoring Report. Regular updating allows the Council to monitor progress and manage provision to ensure the required minimum amount RSS figures are delivered.

ategy PPS3 ‘Housing’ also requires that local authorities ensure that, at any point in time, there is a supply of suitable, available and achievable housing sites for the next 5 years. This total cannot include windfall. The Council’s ‘Five Year Land Supply Assessment’ can be viewed on the Council’s website at www.eastcambs.gov.uk. The document reveals that there is an estimated supply of 7.29 years of housing in the district as at March 2008, on identifiable suitable sites.

The graph below illustrates the trajectory, whilst a summary of the trajectory results by source is given in the table below. Details of the data informing the trajectory is set out in the table below the graph, and in section c) below.

Summary of housing trajectory results by source

Ref. Type of source Estimated dwellings 2001-25

1 Completions 2001-8 4632

2a + 2b Outstanding commitments (large sites) 1626 Housing allocations (989) 2c + 2d Other large committed sites (637)

3 Outstanding Commitments on small sites 553

4a Windfall estimates 840 Small brownfield windfall sites (651) 4b Rural exception windfall sites (189)

5a Capacity on large potential sites within settlement boundaries 1079 Brownfield (420) 5b Greenfield (659)

6 Additional allocations outside settlements 1250

7 Additional allocations to be identified 483

TOTAL PREDICTED SUPPLY 10,463

RSS Minimum target 2001 - 25 10,320 158 Housing Trajectory 2001-2025 159 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

160

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Table of housing trajectory sources

01/ 02/ 03/ 04/ 05/ 06/ 07/ 08/ 09/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 16/ 17/ 18/ 19/ 20/ 21/ 22/ 23/ 24/ 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

1. Completions 799 589 606 401 796 688 753

2a. Housing allocations with 166 163 152 71 60 60 60 46 permission

2b. Housing allocations without 40 71 70 30 permission

2c. Other large committed sites with 116 179 154 72 36 15 permission at 31.3.08

2d. Large committed sites with 44 21 permission since 31.03.08

3. Small committed sites with 110 110 111 111 111 permission at 31.3.08

4a. Windfall estimates (small 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 brownfield sites)

4b. Windfall estimates (rural exception 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 sites)

5a. Large potential sites within 20 86 115 65 61 43 30 settlements (brownfield)

5b. Large potential sites within 11 15 118 116 95 79 43 24 20 15 30 50 33 10 settlements (greenfield)

6. Broad locations for growth 50 50 150 350 350 200 25 25 25 25

7. Additional allocations 96 96 97 97 97

Total net additional dwellings 799 589 606 401 796 688 753 392 527 579 608 508 357 278 366 471 467 335 150 170 178 155 145 145

Annualised RSS rate 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430

Annual requirement taking account of 430 414 406 396 396 375 358 335 331 318 299 276 256 247 244 230 200 162 133 130 120 101 74 2 completions/projected supply c) Housing source data

1. Completions 2001-2008 (summary by settlement)

Completions

Parish/settlement Allocation Large Large Small Small Large Small Small Total 01-08 sites brownfield greenfield brownfield greenfield sites brownfield greenfield windfall windfall windfall windfall outside outside outside within within within within settlement settlement settlemert settlement settlement settlement settlement boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary

Ashley 7 3 7 17

Bottisham 11 22 12 2 47

Brinkley 1 2 3

Burrough Green 2 -2 9 9

Burwell 85 76 55 14 20 1 251

Cheveley (excluding Newmarket 37 20 1 6 64 Fringe)

Chippenham 1 5 3 9

Coveney 1 1

Wardy Hill (Coveney) 6 6

Dullingham 6 1 4 8 19

Ely (excluding Queen Adelaide, 1596 200 21 117 5 1 1940 Chettisham, Stuntney + Prickwillow)

Chettisham (Ely) 1 1

Prickwillow (Ely) 12 4 -2 14

Queen Adelaide (Ely) 3 3

Stuntney (Ely) 1 4 -1 4 161 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

162

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Parish/settlement Allocation Large Large Small Small Large Small Small Total 01-08 sites brownfield greenfield brownfield greenfield sites brownfield greenfield windfall windfall windfall windfall outside outside outside within within within within settlement settlement settlemert settlement settlement settlement settlement boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary

Fordham 17 23 13 4 57

Haddenham 15 26 28 4 2 75

(excluding Aldreth)

Aldreth (Haddenham) 4 2 6

Isleham 23 26 16 -1 3 67

Kennett 2 7 9

Kirtling 5 5

Little Downham (excluding Pymoor) 20 23 43 8 1 6 101

Pymoor 6 1 7

(Little Downham)

Little Thetford 2 2 30 6 40

Littleport (excluding Black Horse 224 117 15 94 18 5 3 476 Drove)

Black Horse Drove (Littleport) 2 3 5

Long Meadow (Lode) 1 1

Lode (excluding Long Meadow) 3 1 1 3 8

Mepal 78 22 4 6 1 1 112

Newmarket Fringe (Cheveley and 10 5 2 17 Woodditton) Parish/settlement Allocation Large Large Small Small Large Small Small Total 01-08 sites brownfield greenfield brownfield greenfield sites brownfield greenfield windfall windfall windfall windfall outside outside outside within within within within settlement settlement settlemert settlement settlement settlement settlement boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary boundary

Reach 2 2 -1 1 4

Snailwell 2 1 3

Soham 357 38 20 135 14 39 3 3 609

(excluding Barway)

Barway (Soham) 1 1

Stetchworth 8 1 1 10

Stretham 27 11 37 1 76

Sutton 132 71 16 64 28 1 1 313

Swaffham Bulbeck 28 -2 1 5 32

Swaffham Prior 2 1 1 4

Wentworth 3 5 1 1 10

Westley Waterless 1 1

Wicken 9 1 9 19

Wilburton 22 31 9 4 66

Witcham 10 1 11

Witchford 32 15 27 1 2 77

Woodditton (excluding Saxon Street 1 4 3 6 14 and Newmarket Fringe)

Saxon Street (Woodditton) 8 8

TOTAL 2543 544 162 807 256 167 47 106 4632 163 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

164

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

2. Outstanding commitments

2a. Housing allocations with outstanding planning permission at 31.03.08

Parish Address Site area(ha) Total Completions Total Estimated total per year Further Comments with at 31.3.08 out-standing pp 08/ 09/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Bottisham Land east of 1.48 gross 42 11 31 12 12 7 Greenfield. 06/01083 Tunbridge Lane 1.4 net approved on 22nd December 2006.

Cheveley Land between 11.47 (gross) 59 37 22 13 9 Greenfield. 06/00532/RM Duchess Drive approved 24th July 2006. and Centre Drive, Newmarket

Ely Westfield Farm, 3.76 gross 116 71 45 15 15 15 Greenfield. 06/00174/F St. John’s Road 2.45 net resolution to grant planning permission subject to S.106.

Ely Phase 3, land off 11.75 gross 378 157 221 70 70 70 11 Greenfield. 05/00335/RM, Prickwillow Road 9.4 net granted 27th June 2005.

Littleport Highfield Farm, 28.6 gross 650 224 426 40 40 60 60 60 60 60 46 Greenfield. 02/00950/RM Ely Road 21.2 net granted 15th April 2004.

Soham Residue 1.4 gross 44 12 32 15 17 Greenfield residue of north-west of 1.26 net allocation. 05/01269/F 21-35 Thorn approved 1st Feb. 2006 Close

Sutton North of 50-62 3.09 gross 110 109 1 1 Greenfield. 04/00379/F The Brook granted 13th July 2004.

TOTAL 778 166 163 110 152 60 60 60 46 2b. Housing allocations without full planning permission at 31.03.08

Parish Address Site area(ha) Density(net) Estimated Estimated total per year Further Comments capacity 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14

Ely West of 93-135 2 gross 45 81 20 31 30 Greenfield site with expired outline Lynn Road 1.8 net permission (97/00764/O).

Littleport Residue at Highfield 3.9 gross 42 130 20 40 40 30 Greenfield. Planning application for Farm 3.12 net 128 dwellings received on 27th Nov. 2006, but invalid on receipt.

TOTAL 211 0 0 40 71 70 30 165 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

166

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

2c. Other large committed sites with outstanding planning permission at 31.03.08

Parish Address Area Total Completions Total Estimated total per year FURTHER COMMENTS in ha as at 31/3/08 out-standing 08/9 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14

Burwell Baron Cove, Weirs 1.61 39 0 39 19 20 Brownfield. Log cabin holiday Drove homes permitted 12th March 2008 (07/01311)

Burwell Adjacent to 15-42 0.62 16 10 6 6 Brownfield. 04/00163/F Kingfisher Drive granted on 21st Dec. 2005.

Ely 85-87 Lynn Road 0.29 17 0 17 10 7 Brownfield. 07/00618/F approved on 13th Sept. 2007.

Haddenham 40 West End 0.46 14 0 14 4 10 Greenfield. 07/00762/F approved on 26th Nov. 2007.

Little North of 94 Main 0.59 23 0 23 8 8 7 Brownfield. 07/00497 granted Downham Street on 16th Nov. 2007.

Littleport Land rear of 88-96 0.68 24 0 24 12 12 Greenfield. 07/00298/F Wisbech Road approved on 11th June 2007.

Littleport Former industrial 0.71 23 5 18 6 6 6 Brownfield. 05/00995/F estate, Padnal granted 6th Dec. 2005.

Littleport Beech Court & 3.79 159 0 159 36 36 36 36 15 Brownfield. 07/01097/F Village College, granted on 18th Dec. 2007. Parsons Lane

Soham 44 The Butts 0.51 19 0 19 10 9 Brownfield. 07/01333/F approved on 29th Feb. 2008 (20 new, 1 demolition). Pending application 08/00959 for 20 dwellings.

Soham Lion Mills 4.28 151 4 147 20 40 51 36 Brownfield. 07/00386/F granted on 19th Dec. 2007. Parish Address Area Total Completions Total Estimated total per year FURTHER COMMENTS in ha as at 31/3/08 out-standing 08/9 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14

Soham Land rear of 16 0.29 13 0 13 13 Brownfield. 05/01390/F Townsend granted 21st March 2005.

Soham AA Griggs, 46 2.01 95 2 93 30 30 33 Brownfield. Application Townsend approved on 21st March 2007 (06/01110/RM).

TOTAL 572 116 179 154 72 36 15

2d. Large committed sites with permission granted since 31.03.08, or with resolution to grant planning permission

Parish Address Site area Density Total to Estimated total per year FURTHER COMMENTS net (ha) (net) be built 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14 14/15

Bottisham Land east of St. 0.72 19 14 14 Greenfield. Affordable housing Peter’s Field scheme granted on 12th May 2008 (08/00149).

Kennett Adjacent to 31 Dane 10 10 Greenfield. Affordable housing Hill Road scheme granted on 15th April 2008 (08/000051/F)

Littleport Old Station Goods 1 ha 33 30 15 15 Brownfield. 07/00486/O granted 31st Yard gross July 2008.

Sutton 73-79 High Street 0.12 11 5 6 Brownfield. 08/00362/F granted on 3rd July 2008.

TOTAL 65 0 44 21 0 0 0 0 167 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy East Cambr 3. Outstanding commitments on small sites

Outstanding commitments

idgeshire Core Str Parish/ settlement Outstanding commitments at 31.3.08 Ashley 2 Bottisham 27 Burrough Green 4

ategy Burwell 44 Cheveley (excluding Newmarket Fringe) 6 Newmarket Fringe 6 Chippenham 6 Coveney (excluding Wardy Hill) 2 Wardy Hill (Coveney) 0 Little Downham (excluding Pymoor) 10 Pymoor (Little Downham) 6 Dullingham 9 Prickwillow (Ely) 7 Stuntney (Ely) 0 Chettisham (Ely) 1 Ely 67 Fordham 14 Haddenham (excluding Aldreth) 31 Aldreth (Haddenham) 3 Isleham 15 Kennett 1 Kirtling 5 Littleport (excluding Black Horse Drove) 83 Black Horse Drove (Littleport) 10 Lode 2 Mepal 9 Reach 3 Snailwell 7 168 Soham 88 Stretham 17 Stetchworth 2 Sutton 24 Swaffham Bulbeck 7 Swaffham Prior 7 Parish/ settlement Outstanding commitments at 31.3.08 Little Thetford 1 ategy Wentworth (excluding Witchford) 0 Witchford 10 Wicken 6

Wilburton 7 idgeshire Core Str Witcham 1 Woodditton (excluding Saxon Street and Newmarket Fringe) 2 East Cambr Saxon Street (Woodditton) 1 TOTAL 553

169

170

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

4. Windfall estimates (non-site specific)

4a. Small brownfield windfall sites within settlements

Parish/settlement Completions Projection Manipulated Projection 2008 - Manipulated 2008 – 25 25 Projection 01/ 02/ 03/ 04/ 05/ 06/ 07/ Total (av. x 17 2018 – 25 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 01 - 08 yrs) (av x 7 yrs)

Aldreth (Haddenham) 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 4 10 -20% = 8 3

Ashley 0 3 0 2 0 1 1 7 17 -20% = 14 4

Black Horse Drove (Littleport) 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 +10 – 20% = 10 4

Bottisham 1 5 3 10 1 1 1 22 53 -20% = 48 20

Brinkley 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 2 1

Burwell 1 8 8 4 24 12 -2 55 134 - 20% = 107 44

Chettisham (Ely) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 1

Cheveley (excluding Newmarket Fringe) 6 2 6 5 -1 1 1 20 49 - 20% = 39 16

Coveney (excluding Wardy Hill) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 +2 = 2 1

Chippenham 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 2 1

Dullingham 1 0 5 0 0 0 0 6 15 - 20 % = 12 5

Ely (excluding Chettisham, Queen Adelaide, 24 31 24 2 7 7 27 122 296 - 42 – 20% = 204 84 Prickwillow and Stuntney)

Fordham 1 4 6 1 2 1 2 17 41 - 20% = 33 14

Haddenham (excluding Aldreth) 6 10 4 3 3 -1 1 26 63 +16 - 20% = 63 26

Isleham 1 3 4 1 -1 8 7 23 56 – 20% = 45 19

Kennett 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 5 - 20% = 4 2 Parish/settlement Completions Projection Manipulated Projection 2008 - Manipulated 2008 – 25 25 Projection 01/ 02/ 03/ 04/ 05/ 06/ 07/ Total (av. x 17 2018 – 25 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 01 - 08 yrs) (av x 7 yrs)

Little Downham (excluding Pymoor) 8 4 6 8 3 4 10 43 104 - 16 – 20% = 70 29

Little Thetford 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 5 – 20% = 4 2

Littleport (excluding Black Horse Drove) 13 18 10 8 17 17 11 94 228 - 20% = 182 75

Lode (excluding Long Meadow) 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 3 7 - 20% = 6 2

Long Meadow (Lode) 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 2 1

Mepal 1 2 0 1 0 1 -1 4 10 - 20% = 8 4

Newmarket Fringe (Cheveley, Woodditton) 0 1 5 -1 -1 -1 7 10 24 + 20 – 20% = 35 15

Prickwillow (Ely) 2 0 -5 9 -1 5 2 12 29 - 8 – 20% = 17 7

Pymoor (Little Downham) 1 2 0 2 1 0 0 6 15 - 20% = 12 5

Queen Adelaide (Ely) 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 7 - 20% = 6 2

Reach 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 5 +3 – 20% = 6 2

Saxon Street (Woodditton) 0 0 0 -1 8 1 0 8 19 - 6 – 20% = 10 4

Snailwell 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 5 – 20% = 4 2

Soham (excluding Barway) 32 20 10 3 26 15 27 133 323 - 20% = 258 106

Stetchworth 0 0 2 0 0 -2 8 8 19 – 20% = 15 6

Stretham 2 6 1 2 1 5 10 27 65 - 20% = 52 22

Stuntney (Ely) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 1

Sutton 8 5 7 16 14 11 3 64 155 – 20% = 124 51

Swaffham Bulbeck 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 -2 0 + 2 = 2 1 171 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

172

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Parish/settlement Completions Projection Manipulated Projection 2008 - Manipulated 2008 – 25 25 Projection 01/ 02/ 03/ 04/ 05/ 06/ 07/ Total (av. x 17 2018 – 25 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 01 - 08 yrs) (av x 7 yrs)

Swaffham Prior -1 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 5 + 7 – 20% = 10 4

Wardy Hill (Coveney) 1 0 0 0 3 1 1 6 15 - 20% = 12 5

Wentworth 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 3 7 – 20% = 6 2

Wicken 0 0 1 4 0 1 3 9 22 - 20% = 18 8

Wilburton 2 1 5 9 2 2 0 21 51 - 20% = 41 17

Witcham 1 0 0 0 5 3 1 10 24 - 20% =19 8

Witchford 2 1 2 7 6 10 0 28 68 -20% =54 22

Woodditton (excluding Saxon Street and 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1 Newmarket Fringe)

TOTAL 114 128 107 100 125 108 127 809 1965 - 20% = 1572 651 4b. Rural exception windfall sites

Parish/settlement Completions Projection 2008 – 25 (av. x 17 Manipulated Projection 2008-25 Manipulated yrs) Projection 01/ 02/ 03/ 04/ 05/ 06/ 07/ Total 2018–25 (av. 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 01-08 x 7 yrs)

Affordable housing 0 14 0 34 34 16 43 141 342 Minus 72 (Tables 2d/4b) = 270 111

Agricultural dwellings 1 2 1 1 21 2 0 28 68 Minus 75% = 17 7

Stud worker dwellings 5 6 2 9 9 8 5 44 107 Minus 40% = 64 27

Other occupancy dwellings 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 5 12 12 5

Conversion 2 6 0 1 2 8 7 26 63 – 10% = 57 24

Infill 1 1 0 1 1 2 10 16 39 - 20% = 31 13

Sub-division 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 3 3 2

TOTAL 9 29 4 48 67 38 66 261 634 454 189 173 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

174

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

5. Other large specific sites

5a. Potential large specific brownfield sites

Parish Address Site Density Est. Estimated total per year Further area (net) capacity comments (gross 08/ 09/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 16/ 17/ 18/ 19/ 20/ & net 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ha)

Ely Standens, 1.82 NA 36 20 16 Housing on riverside would Station Road raise quality of area. Pre-application discussions in March 07.

Ely 32 Lisle Lane 0.35 38 13 13 Large garden and vacant scrubland. Within 400 metres of STW.

Ely Old Dairy, 0.21 47 10 10 Vacant and derelict for Beald Way many years.

Ely Walsingham 2.1 86 118 (net) 28 30 30 30 Re-development of 44 Way Hereward properties at 1.89 higher density. Application pending in Oct.’08 for part of the site (08/00833).

Ely Old 0.1 100 10 10 Mix of retail & housing Woolworths, (gross) (gross) proposed in 2007 Fore Hill pre-application discussions.

Ely Land north of 60 30 30 Area owned by District Nutholt Lane Council and identified in Core Strategy as key area for re-development. Potential for flats.

Littleport 40 Wisbech 0.68 25 35 10 20 5 Committee resolved to Road grant permission on 5th Parish Address Site Density Est. Estimated total per year Further area (net) capacity comments (gross 08/ 09/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 16/ 17/ 18/ 19/ 20/ & net 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ha)

Sept. 07 subject to s.106. Application then withdrawn.

Littleport Land at and r/o 0.47 35 16 (est.) 8 5 Permission granted for 85/87/89 Ely net – 3 = 13 04/00411/O but now Road expired.

Soham Keith Leonard 1.07 85 91 20 40 31 08/00867/F pending for 92 House elderly care units (and 1 demolition).

Sutton Land adjacent 0.64 33 19 19 123 High Street 0.58

Sutton Land adjacent 0.83 20 15 15 Low density due to trees on 125 West 0.75 site. Lodge Lane

TOTAL 420 0 20 86 115 65 61 43 30 0 0 0 0 0

5b. Potential large specific greenfield windfall sites

Parish Address Site Density Est. Estimated total per year Further area (net) cap Comments 08/ 09/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 16/ 17/ 18/ 19/ 20/ 21/ 22/ 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Bottisham Land between Bell 3.88 38 118 40 40 38 Pre-application discussions Road and High 3.1 in Spring/Summer ‘07. Street

Burwell Land rear of Health 0.4 33 13 13 Owned by County Council. Centre, Newmarket Tenant farmer due to retire Road in next 10 years. 175 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

176

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

Parish Address Site Density Est. Estimated total per year Further area (net) cap Comments 08/ 09/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 16/ 17/ 18/ 19/ 20/ 21/ 22/ 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Burwell Land adjacent The 0.38 40 15 5 10 Owner has indicated could Bungalow, sell in the distant future. Newmarket Road

Cheveley Land east of St. 0.64 51 33 15 18 Owned by Forest Heath Johns Avenue, 0.58 DC, likely to be developed Newmarket for affordable or general market housing. Application for 33 dwellings withdrawn (03/01361/F)

Littleport Land adjacent 80 0.48 0.48 16 16 Owners recently sold part Wisbech Road of field and obtained permission for 24 units (07/00298F).

Littleport Land north of 2.1 42 71 20 31 20 Owned by development Grange Lane 1.7 company

Littleport 12 Woodfen Road 0.39 35 14 14 Owner has indicated could sell

Littleport Land adjacent 4 Ely 0.87 45 35 20 15 Owner has indicated could Road 0.78 sell

Littleport Land west of 4 Ely 3.25 36 94 30 34 30 Owner has indicated could Road 2.6 sell

Soham Land adjacent 0.52 40 19 19 Owned by County Council. Weatheralls School 0.47

Soham Land north of 0.33 40 13 13 Owner has indicated could Foxwood South sell

Soham Land rear of Croft 0.84 45 34 10 24 Owner has indicated could House 0.76 sell

Soham Land north of 52 0.37 40 15 5 10 Owner has indicated could Station Road sell Parish Address Site Density Est. Estimated total per year Further area (net) cap Comments 08/ 09/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 16/ 17/ 18/ 19/ 20/ 21/ 22/ 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Soham Land south of 0.44 45 18 10 8 Owner has indicated could Campion Close 0.4 sell

Soham Land rear of 41 2.61 45 90 30 40 20 Land may come forward in Fordham Road 2 distant future

Sutton Land west of Red 1.2 32 35 20 15 Owner has indicated could Lion Lane sell

Wilburton Whitecross Road 0.61 18 11 11 Application pending in Oct.08 for 11 gypsy caravans (08/0088/F)

Witchford Land off Barton 0.38 39 15 15 Owned by the District Close Council. Looking to develop site for affordable housing with some element of general market to cross-subsidise.

TOTAL 659 0 11 15 118 116 95 79 43 24 20 15 30 50 33 10 177 East Cambridgeshire Core Strategy

178

ategy Str Core idgeshire Cambr East

6. Potential broad locations outside settlements

Estimated phasing rates

11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/ 16/ 17/ 18/ 19/ 20/ 21/ 22/ 23/ 24/ TOTAL 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Ely 150 150 200 100 25 25 25 25 700

Soham 50 50 100 100 100 400

Bottisham 50 50

Burwell 50 50 100

TOTAL 50 50 0 0 150 350 350 200 0 0 25 25 25 25 1250

7. Additional allocations to be identified

Estimated phasing rates

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 TOTAL

TOTAL 96 96 97 97 97 483 d) Previously developed land trajectory ategy Government guidance in PPS3 states that the Core Strategy should include a previously developed land target and trajectory. The graph and table below set out the amount of housing which it is estimated may come forward on brownfield land, for each year of the Plan period. The columns in the graph illustrate the different sources of this supply, whilst the line in the graph shows how these totals compare to the overall estimated levels of housing delivery (e.g. from both brownfield and greenfield sources). It should be noted that the PDL trajectory is based on a total supply estimate of idgeshire Core Str 9980 dwellings, as the source of 'additional allocations' has been excluded. The reason for the exclusion is that at present, the location of these allocations is unknown. East Cambr The proposed East Cambridgeshire target in Policy CS2 of at least 35% is broadly based on estimates of how much development could be accommodated on brownfield land over the Plan period – as detailed in the graph and table below.

Previously developed land trajectory

179 East Cambr Previously developed land information

Year Completions Outstanding Windfall Other Potential TOTAL TOTAL % on PDL on PDL commitments PDL large allocations on PDL against

idgeshire Core Str on PDL estimates identified outside total PDL settlements growth sites

2001-2 238 238 799 30%

2002-3 245 245 589 42% ategy

2003-4 230 230 606 38%

2004-5 132 132 401 33%

2005-6 250 250 796 31%

2006-7 175 175 688 25%

2007-8 290 290 753 39%

2008-9 200 200 392 51%

2009-10 265 20 285 527 54%

2010-11 251 86 337 579 58%

2011-12 160 115 275 608 45%

2012-13 124 65 189 508 37%

2013-14 15 61 76 261 29%

2014-15 43 100 143 182 79%

2015-16 30 100 130 269 48%

2016-17 50 50 374 13%

2017-18 0 370 0%

2018-19 93 93 335 28%

2019-20 93 93 150 62%

2020-21 93 93 170 55%

2021-22 93 93 178 52%

2022-23 93 93 155 60%

180 2023-24 93 93 145 64%

2024-25 93 93 145 64%

TOTAL 1560 1015 615 420 250 3896 9980 39% 181 East Cambr Appendix 3 Parking standards

Maximum parking provision idgeshire Core Str Maximum parking provision

(Measurements of floor space refer to gross areas, unless otherwise stated)

Use class and Staff/residents Public/visitors Minimum cycle Notes

ategy nature of activity parking provision cars cars

Retail & Financial services

A1: Retail (food) Allowance included Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 25m2 The car parking in standard for public 14m2 standards apply to all and visitors sizes of scheme, but for those up to 2 A1: Retail (non food) Allowance included Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 50m 1000m2 (gross) a 2 in standard for public 20m higher level of and visitors provision may be allowed in locations A2: Financial and Allowance included Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 30m2 that do not have professional services in standard for public 25m2 good access by and visitors walking, cycling or public transport

Food and Drink

A3, A4, A5: Allowance included Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 20m2 Restaurants & cafés, in standard for public 5m2 pubs/bars & hot food and visitors takeaways

A: Sui Generis Up to 7 spaces per On merit On merit 10 staff members (including, retail warehouse clubs, launderettes, Road side taxi/vehicle hire restaurants/transport premises, cafés will require amusement centres) lorry parking provision on merit.

A: Sui Generis Up to 1 car space Up to 1 car space per On merit (including motor per staff member 45m2 of display area, 1 vehicle sales, motor per 35m2 for motor repair garages, service centre, 1 per petrol filling stations) 20m2 retail floor area 182 (at petrol filling stations) Maximum parking provision ategy (Measurements of floor space refer to gross areas, unless otherwise stated)

Use class and Staff/residents Public/visitors Minimum cycle Notes nature of activity parking provision cars cars idgeshire Core Str

Business

B1: Business Up to 1 car space Allowance included in 1 cycle space per 30m2 The car parking East Cambr per 30m2 standard for staff standards apply to all sizes of scheme, but for B1 proposals up 2 B2: General Up to 1 car space Allowance included in 1 cycle space per 50m to 2,500m2 (gross) a 2 industrial per 50m standard for staff higher level of provision may be allowed in locations that do not have B8: Storage and Up to 1 car space Allowance included in On merit good access by Distribution 2 standard for staff per 100m walking, cycling or public transport

Communal accommodation

C1: Hotels Up to 1 car space Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 3 Additional car per for each resident guest bedroom staff members working parking can be staff member, plus at the same time provided for bars, up to 1 space for restaurants and every 2 non-resident other facilities staff members available to the public, using the relevant standards C2: Residential Up to 1 car space Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 3 for those uses. Institutions per for each resident 4 residents members of staff staff member, plus Staff car and cycle up to 1 space for parking relates to the every 2 non-resident total number of staff members workers required on staff at particular times (including overlapping shifts)

Dwellings

C3: Dwellings (town 1 car space per Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per Cycle parking for centres as defined dwelling (average 6 units bedroom dwellings can be on the Proposals per development) accommodated Map) within garages, 183 C3: Dwellings (other 2 car spaces per Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per provided there is locations) dwelling (average 4 units dwelling room for both car per development) and cycle parking East Cambr Maximum parking provision

(Measurements of floor space refer to gross areas, unless otherwise stated) idgeshire Core Str Use class and Staff/residents Public/visitors Minimum cycle Notes nature of activity parking provision cars cars

Community facilities ategy D1: Non-residential Up to 1 car space for Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 5 Institutions each staff member 30m2 staff members, plus at (museums, least 1 space per 35m2

libraries, galleries,exhibition halls)

D1: Non-residential Allowance included Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 8 Institutions (public in standard for 4 seats, or up to 1 seats or at least 1 halls and places of public/visitors space per 15m2 space per 20m2 worship)

D1: Non-residential Up to 1 car space for Up to 1 car space per Crèches/nurseries: 1 Institutions (schools, each member of staff class, up to a limit of 8 space per 2 staff crèches/nurseries) spaces members working at the same time. Primary schools: 6 cycle spaces per class; Secondary schools: 12 spaces per class

D1: Non-residential Allowance included Up to 5 car spaces per 2 cycle spaces per Institutions (clinics, in standard for consulting room consulting room health centres, public/visitors surgeries)

D2: Assembly and Allowance included Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per Leisure (cinemas, in standard for 5 seats 50m2, or at least 1 and conference public/visitors space per 8 seats facilities)

D2: Assembly and Allowance included Up to 1 car space per 1 cycle space per 30m2 Leisure (other uses) in standard for 22m2 of net floor area and 1 public/visitors space per 15 spectator seats

184 Minimum disabled parking provision ategy Minimum disabled parking provision

Nature of activity Staff Public/visitors Notes

Existing business premises At least 1 space for each disabled At least 2% of car park Additional spaces employee capacity (minimum of may be required 1 space) for hotels and idgeshire Core Str other places that New business premises At least 5% of car park capacity Allowance included in cater for large (minimum of 1 space) standard for staff numbers of

disabled people East Cambr Shopping areas; leisure and At least 1 space for each disabled At least 6% of car park recreational facilities; other places employee capacity (minimum of open to the public 1 space)

185 186 Appendix 4 Glossary ategy

Glossary

Accessibility People’s ability to get to essential services and facilities, work and public transport

Adoption The final confirmation of a Local Development Document as having idgeshire Core Str statutory status by a Local Planning Authority

AH Affordable housing Housing (usually rented or shared ownership) which meets the needs of households unable to afford a home on the open market East Cambr AMR Annual Monitoring Report A report produced in December each year assessing the progress of preparing the LDF and the extent to which policies are being achieved

Biodiversity The whole variety of life encompassing all genetics, species and ecosystem variations, including plants and animals.

BAP Biodiversity Action Plan A strategy prepared for the local area aimed at conserving biological diversity

Brownfield site/land Also known as previously developed land. Land that is or was occupied by a permanent structure (excluding agricultural or forestry buildings), and associated fixed-surface infrastructure. The definition covers the curtilage of the development, which may include gardens. PPS3 (Housing) has a detailed definition (opposite of greenfield land)

CIL Community Infrastructure Introduced in Planning Reform Bill. Proposed levy based on costed Levy assessment of infrastructure requirement arising from development in the district. Supplements planning obligations which will continue to secure affordable housing and continue to address site-specific issues.

Community services and Includes open space, sport and recreational facilities, affordable facilities housing, education, health, public transport services and cultural services (See also Infrastructure).

Community Strategy See Sustainable Community Strategy

Conservation Area An area of special architectural and / or historic interest that deserves preservation or enhancement of its character or appearance.

Constraint A limiting factor that affects development, such as an environmental designation.

Contaminated land Land that has been polluted or harmed in some way making it unfit for safe development and use unless cleaned.

Consultation Informal engagement with the specific and general consultees.

Core Strategy The LDF document which sets out the long-term spatial vision for 187 the district, strategic policies and development control policies. It will have the status of a DPD

DCLG Department for Communities Government Department with responsibility for planning. Successor and Local Government to ODPM as of May 2006.

DEFRA Department for Environment, Government Department Food and Rural Affairs East Cambr Glossary

Developer’s contribution Contribution from a developer to ensure that certain extra works or facilities required as a result of a development are undertaken.

idgeshire Core Str For example, the provision of highways infrastructure secured through 'planning obligations' or 'legal agreements'.

Development Development is defined under the 1990 Town and Country Planning Act as "the carrying out of building, engineering, or other operation in, on, over or under land, or the making of any material change in the use of any building or other land." Most forms of ategy development require planning permission.

Development brief A document that outlines detailed planning requirements for the development of a site.

Development Control Policies A suite of policies, often criteria based, that are required for development control to ensure that all development within the area meets the vision and strategy set out in the Core Strategy. The Development Control Policies are contained in the Core Strategy Document.

Development envelope Identifies the area in which development proposals would be acceptable, subject to complying with other policies contained in the Development Plan. It seeks to prevent development from gradually extending into the surrounding countryside. Also referred to as ‘settlement boundary’.

Development Plan This comprises the Regional Spatial Strategies and Development Plan Documents contained in the LDF. It also contains any ‘saved’ policies that affect the area. Together these make up the policies taken into account when determining planning applications.

DPD Development Plan Document A document prepared by the relevant plan-making authority as part of the LDF, which forms part of the Statutory Development Plan having been through Independent Examination.

Dph Dwellings per hectare The density of a housing scheme. At least 30 in most circumstances as required by PPS3: Housing

EA Environment Agency The public organisation with responsibility for protecting and improving the environment in England and Wales.

EEDA East of England Development The Body tasked with improving the region’s economic Agency performance, by promoting sustainable economic growth and regeneration in the East of England.

EERA East of England Regional Consists of a partnership of elected representatives from local Assembly authorities in the East of England and appointed representatives from social, economic and environmental interests. It exists to promote the economic, social and environmental well-being of the region, and one of its tasks is to draw up the East of England Plan.

East of England Plan The regional plan prepared by the East of England Regional 188 Assembly which sets out policies for the future of the region to 2021. The East of England covers the counties of , , , Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, and Norfolk. Also known as Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS)

Edge of centre A location that is within easy walking distance (often considered up to 300 metres) of the town centre. Glossary ategy EIA Environmental Impact An assessment of the potential environmental effects of land use Assessment change, enabling decisions to be taken with the full knowledge of likely environmental consequences.

Evidence base The researched, documented, analysed and verified basis for all the components of a Local Development Framework idgeshire Core Str EiP Examination in Public Inquiry led by an Independent Planning inspector into proposals for and objections to DPDs. The purpose is to consider if the DPD is ‘sound’ against established tests.

Flood Risk Zones Zones of flood risk as defined by Government in PPS25. Includes East Cambr Zone 1 ‘Low Probability of flood’, Zone 2 ‘Medium Probability’, Zone 3a ‘High Probability’, and Zone 3b ‘The Functional Floodplain’.

Farm diversification The expansion, enlargement or variation of the range of products or fields of operation of a farm (branching out from traditional farming activities, for example new income generating enterprise like renewable energy, tourism and food processing).

General conformity The process by which the East of England Regional Assembly (as Regional Planning Body) considers whether a DPD is in ‘general conformity’ with the Regional Spatial Strategy. Also other DPDs must conform to the Core Strategy DPD

Geo-diversity The number and variety of the non-living earth features found within a specified geographic region, including the variability within and between these features.

Geology The science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes that the earth has undergone or is undergoing

GO-East Government Office for the The integrated government offices that serve their respective East of England regions (GO-East in this region).

GF Greenfield site/land Land (or a defined site) which has never been built on before, or where the remains of any structure or activity have blended into the landscape over time. Applies to most land outside the development envelope (opposite of brownfield land).

Green Belt An area of open land where strict planning controls apply in order, in particular, to check further growth of a large built up area. Designated in the Development Plan, areas of Green Belt are to be found in the south of the district.

Green Corridor An area of open land which penetrates into an urban area for amenity and recreation.

Groundwater Water held in water-bearing rocks and spaces underground, which sustains the flow of water in rivers and is an essential source of water for public supply, industry and agriculture. 189

Highway Authority A local authority (Cambridgeshire County Council for this district) with the responsibility of planning and maintaining the highways network (excepting trunk roads and motorways) and transportation within their areas.

HLAA Housing Land Availability A study produced (and kept under review) to estimate the potential Assessment amount of land available for housing in the district. East Cambr Glossary

Housing Needs Assessment A study which assesses the future housing needs of the district in respect of size, type and affordability of dwellings. Replaced in

idgeshire Core Str 2008 by Strategic Housing Market Assessment.

Housing stock The total amount of housing within a plan area, which may be divided into components such as private housing stock or rented housing stock

ICNIRP International Commission for Body which oversees protection against radiation for

ategy Non-Ionising Radiation telecommunications etc. Protection

Implementation Carrying out the proposed actions to required standards that are set out in the plan

Independent Examination An examination held in public by a Government appointed Inspector from the Planning Inspectorate.

Infrastructure Basic services necessary for development to take place, - utility services (water supply, foul sewerage networks, sewage treatment works and energy provision) drainage/flood protection and the transport network (see also Community services and facilities).

Inset Maps Part of the Proposals Map, but at a more detailed scale

Intermediate Housing Housing at prices or rents above those of social-rent but below market prices or rents. This includes shared equity products (e.g. HomeBuy) and intermediate rent (i.e. rents above social rented level but below market rents).

Issues and options Early production stage in the preparation of DPDs which includes publication of Issues and Options Consultation documents.

Key Diagram Illustrates the broad strategy set out in the Core Strategy.

Landscape character A distinct pattern or a consistent combination of elements in the landscape of an area.

Legal Agreement A legally binding contract, between a developer and the local planning authority that constitutes a planning obligation (also see 'Developer Contribution')

Listed Building A building mentioned in statutory lists as being of special architectural or historic interest. There are different grades of listing to indicate relative interest.

LDD Local Development Document The collective term for DPDs, SPDs and the Statement of Community Involvement.

LDF Local Development The overall name for the folder or portfolio of Local Development Framework Documents and the LDS and AMR

LDS Local Development Scheme This sets out the programme for the preparation of the Local 190 Development Documents

LNR Local Nature Reserve Places with wildlife or geological features that are of local special interest. Often managed by local community volunteers

LPA Local Planning Authority The local authority or council that is empowered by law to exercise planning functions. Glossary ategy LSP Local Strategic Partnership A partnership of public service providers, private organisations and community groups. One of its main tasks is to prepare and implement the Community Strategy.

LTP Local Transport Plan A five year transport strategy produced by the Highway Authority (Cambridgeshire County Council) setting out the key objectives

and priorities for the area. idgeshire Core Str

Monitoring (and review) The process of measuring (in terms of quantity and quality), the changes in conditions and trends, impact of policies, performance of the plan against its objectives and targets, and progress in East Cambr delivering outputs.

Needs The necessary requirements of the public, which may be less or different than their demands.

Objective A Statement that specifies the direction and amount of desired change in trends or in conditions.

ODPM Office of the Deputy Prime Government Department replaced by DCLG in May 2006 Minister

Open space Areas of land which make an important contribution to the appearance or opportunities for informal recreation in an area

Out of centre A location which is not in or on the edge of centre, but is not necessarily outside the urban area

Parish Plan A vision of how a town or village should be, which may address social, economic and environmental issues

Participation Wide formal engagement with the community.

Planning Condition A written condition on a planning permission that restricts the development in some way to achieve a stated purpose

Planning Obligation (and Legal agreements between a planning authority and a developer agreement) that secure contributions (in cash or kind) to the infrastructure and services necessary to facilitate proposed developments are undertaken. For example, the provision of highways. Often called "Section 106" agreements

PPG & PPS Planning Policy Guidance National planning guidance issued by the government. Note & Planning Policy Statement

Preferred options Document produced as part of the preparation of a DPD and issued for formal public participation. It shows the preferred direction of a DPD.

PDL Previously developed land See ‘brownfield’

Primary retail frontage Area of Ely Town Centre which includes a high proportion of retail uses. Shown on Proposals Map. 191

Proposal A positive worded policy of the LPA that proposes a course of action or an allocation of land for a particular use or development.

Proposals Map The Proposals Map illustrates all policies contained in DPD’s, together with any saved policies. It is updated each time a DPD is adopted East Cambr Glossary

PRV Protected Roadside Verge A section of road verge that has been surveyed and selected for protection because of its wildlife interest idgeshire Core Str Ramsar site An international designation to protect areas that act as vital habitats for birds

RPG Regional Planning Guidance The strategic plan for the region prepared under the former planning system, now replaced by RSS

ategy RSS Regional Spatial Strategy The regional plan prepared by the East of England Regional Assembly which sets out policies for the future of the region to 2021. The East of England covers the counties of Essex, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Suffolk and Norfolk. See ‘East of England Plan’

Representations Comments made on consultation documents

Residential amenity Living conditions in and around a dwelling

Saved plan/policy A policy from an existing development plan that has been saved on commencement of the Planning & Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 or from the date of adoption. It will remain in force until replaced by new LDD policies or the transitional period has expired.

Secondary frontage Area of Ely Town Centre which provides greater opportunities for diversity of uses.

S106 Section 106 See ‘Planning Obligations’

Sequential approach The logical choice of development sites following a sequence designed to either maximise the use of previously developed land, or favour retail sites within town centres for example, see PPS6.

Service providers The public sector agencies and private sector organisations that provide services to the public, such as water, drainage, electricity and gas

Site specific DPD A DPD addressing allocations of sites for specific or mixed use development. Policies will identify any specific requirements for individual proposals.

Social-rented housing Rented housing owned by Registered Social Landlords for which guideline target rents are determined through the national rent regime, set out in the 'Guide to Social Rent Reforms' published in March 2001. Also rented housing owned by other persons and provided under equivalent rental arrangements to the above, as agreed with the local authority or funded with grant from the Housing Corporation, as provided for in the Housing Act 2004.

Soundness (of plan) A judgement of quality and procedure based upon key elements of the plan making process. (see the tests of soundness in PPS12). 192 Spatial Portrait A succinct description of the area, designed to portray its individual character, key trends and the current ‘drivers for change’

Spatial planning Is about places, how they function and how they relate together.

Spatial Vision A brief description of how the area will be changed at the end of the plan period (15 – 20 years)

SSSI Sites of Special Scientific Designated site of national importance to wildlife and/or geology Interest Glossary ategy Stakeholders Individuals and organisations with an interest in a particular area or issue

SCI Statement of Community Document setting out how and when stakeholders and other Involvement interested parties will be consulted and involved in the preparation of the LDF (and the consideration of individual planning

applications) idgeshire Core Str

Statutory Required by law (statute), usually through an Act of Parliament

Statutory undertakers Companies concerned with water, gas, electricity and telecommunications that hold a licence granted by the Department East Cambr of Trade and Industry.

SEA Strategic Environmental An assessment of the environmental effects of policies, plans and Assessment programmes, required by European legislation, which will be part of the public consultation on the policies.

SFRA Strategic Flood Risk As assessment of the flood defences and consequent risk of Assessment flooding for development at district level. Designed taking account of PPS25 Flood Risk.

SHMA Strategic Housing Market A regional or sub-regional assessment (in this district at Cambridge Assessment Sub-Regional level) of market trends to assess housing demand and supply, housing need and types of tenure, size etc. to inform future requirements.

Submission stage Stage at which a DPD is formally submitted to the Government and start of the examination of the soundness of a DPD by an Independent Inspector.

SuDS Sustainable Drainage Type of drainage system for dealing with surface water run-off Systems from a development scheme, which mimics natural drainage processes.

SPD Supplementary Planning Supplementary document to a DPD which contains additional detail Document and information on policies or proposals.

SA Sustainability Appraisal Process of assessing the impacts of policies and proposals against social, environmental and economic objectives.

SCS Sustainable Community A strategy for East Cambridgeshire, prepared by the LSP, which Strategy promotes the economic, environmental and social well-being of the area. It co-ordinates the actions of local public, private, voluntary and community sectors, contributing to district wide sustainable development

Sustainable development Development which enables people to satisfy their needs and secure quality of life without compromising the quality of life for the future generation. TIA Transport Impact Assessment An assessment of the expected additional traffic generation (all 193 modes) for new development

TP Travel Plan Plan setting out a series of measures to encourage the use of modes other than the private car

Viability An economic measure of health

Vitality A social and cultural measure of health East Cambr Glossary

Waste Planning Authority The authority responsible for waste planning, in this district Cambridgeshire County Council. idgeshire Core Str Windfall site A housing site which cannot be specifically identified ategy

194 195 East Cambr Appendix 5 Natural and cultural sites

This appendix sets out details of the sites in East Cambridgeshire which have been identified as

idgeshire Core Str being important in natural or cultural terms. The tables below list the sites and provide locational details.The tables also indicate the Inset Map numbers where the sites can be viewed in the Proposals Map Development Plan Document. Reference to the 'PM' in this context means the main district map in the Proposals Map document. The following categories of sites are included:

Sites of International and Local Importance for nature conservation

ategy Sites of Special Scientific Interest County Wildlife Sites Local Nature Reserves Protected Roadside Verges Areas of Ancient Woodland Scheduled Ancient Monuments Historic Parks and Gardens Conservation Areas

Sites of International, National and Local Importance for Nature Conservation

Map Site Description and Explanation UK Sites Description

Sites of International Importance

27, 30, 40 Ramsar Sites are listed under the Convention on SSSI Ouse Washes Wetlands of International Importance and are important 11,16, 34 in terms of Wildfowl Habitat Chippenham Fen

PM

27,30, 40 Special Protection Areas (SPA’s) are classified under SSSI, Ouse Washes the EC Directive on the Conservation of Wild birds. PM Within these areas special priority is given to the SPA protection of birds, their eggs, nests and habitats.

27, 30, 40, Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) are classified SSSI, Ouse Washes under the EC Habitats Directive aimed at promoting 44, 48 measures to maintain or restore natural habitats and SAC Wicken Fen, wild species 11, 16, 34 Chippenham Fen

PM

Sites of National Importance

196 44, 48, National Nature Reserves (NNRs) declared under SSSI Wicken Fen, section 19 of the national parks and Access to the 11, 16, 34 Countryside Act 1949. Chippenham Fen

PM Map Site Description and Explanation UK Sites

Description ategy

Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) are SSSI See table below designated under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended)

Sites of Regional/Local Importance idgeshire Core Str 21, PM Local Nature Reserves (LNRs) designated by local LNR See table below authorities under section 21 of the National parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

County Wildlife Sites CWS See table below East Cambr

Protected Roadside Verges PRV See table below

Sites of Special Scientific Interest in East Cambridgeshire

Map Site Grid Reference

PM, 16, 34 Breckland Rough TL632699

PM, 44 TL538725 - TL530692

9 Chettisham Meadows TL541830

PM, 11, 16, 34 Chippenham Fen (National TL648697 Nature Reserve)

PM Delph Bridge Drain TL568768

PM, 32, 36, 42, 52 Devil's Dyke TL568660 - TL653584

PM, 27, 30, 40 Ouse Washes TL393747 - TL571987

PM Out and Plunder Woods TL660549

PM, 7 Park Wood TL641546

15, 31 Ely Pits and Meadows TL550806 - TL564808

PM Shippea Hill TL637850

34 Snailwell Meadows TL638678

PM, 35 TL612725 - TL612729 TL605723 -

PM Fen TL516628

PM TL664558

PM Upware Bridge Pit North TL543725 PM TL544728 197 PM Upware South Pit TL539709

PM, 44, 48 Wicken Fen (National TL555700 Nature Reserve)

PM SSSI partly within East Cambridgeshire District: East Cambr Map Site Grid Reference

PM Newmarket Heath TL610625 TL663646 idgeshire Core Str

County Wildlife Sites within East Cambridgeshire

LDF Ref CW Site Site Name Grid Reference Parish Map ategy No

1 7442 Ashley B1085 RSV TL7062 Ashley PM

2 7445 Track west of Lower Windmill TL717617 Ashley PM

3 7359 Mill Road hedgerows TL698627 Ashley PM

4 7063 Bottisham Park TL546 1 Bottisham PM,5

5 7050 Heath Road/Street Way Green TL5758 Bottisham PM Lanes

6 7243 Brinkley Wood TL615554 Brinkley PM

7 7052 St George's churchyard TL581567 Brinkley PM

8 7515 Brinkley Hall Veteran Trees TL628549 Brinkley 6, 7, 47

9 7280 Bushy Grove TL652549 Burrough Green PM

10 7086 Burwell Brick Pit TL577689 Burwell PM

11 7087 The Swamp TL584657 Burwell 8

12 7083 Burwell Disused Railway TL5765 Burwell 8

13 7088 Spring Close TL587660 Burwell 8

14 7338/2 Warren Hill and adjacent areas TL6563 Cheveley PM

15 7514 Cheveley Park Stud VeteranTrees TL672614 Cheveley PM, 10

16 7364 Chippenham Park TL6669 Chippenham PM

17 7379 Havacre Meadows and Deal Nook TL6870 Chippenham PM

18 7422 Freckenham Road RSV TL667 1 Chippenham PM

19 7516 Chippenham Avenue Fields T662674 Chippenham PM

20 7293 Great Widgham Wood TL667552 Dullingham PM

21 7281 Little Widgham Wood TL663550 Dullingham PM 198 22 7283 Parish boundary hedgerow TL6556 Dullingham PM 23 7119 Angel Drove drains TL5379 Ely 15

24 7176 Beald Drove pollard willows TL524808 Ely 15

25 7192 Chettisham meadows TL5483 Ely PM

26 7454 Ely Beet Pits TL5680 Ely 31 LDF Ref CW Site Site Name Grid Reference Parish Map

No ategy

27 7197 Ely TL547808 Ely 15

28 7450 Roswell Pits and adjacent area TL5580 Ely 15

29 7223 Middle Fen Bank pollard willows TL579816 Ely PM idgeshire Core Str 30 7227 and associated habitat TL68 Ely PM

31 7226 Black Wing drains TL5981 Ely PM

32 7003/1 Aldreth Ponds TL444731 Haddenham 1 East Cambr (Aldreth)

33 7012 Fen Side pollard willows TL462738 Haddenham PM

34 7017/3 TL37 Haddenham PM, 15,24

35 7025 Guppy’s Pond & Hinton Hedges Tl469759 Haddenham 17

36 7002 Haddenham Engine/Adventurer's TL4273 Haddenham PM Head drainage system

37 7403 Isleham Railway Cutting TL6372 Isleham PM

38 7372 Chippenham Gravel Pit TL685688 Kennett PM

39 7376 Kennett churchyard TL699683 Kennett PM

40 7447 Kennett restored gravel pit TL706684 Kennett PM

41 7374 Halfmoon Plantation pit TL6968 Kennett PM

42 7429 Great Wood TL704549 Kirtling PM

43 7301 Lucy Wood and adjacent features TL6856 Kirtling 20

44 7048 Byall Fen drains TL5085 Little Downham PM

45 7427 Little Ouse River TL68 Littleport PM, 15, 22

46 7056 Anglesey Abbey TL5262 Lode PM

47 7060 Swaffham Poor's Fen TL532643 Lode PM

48 7105/2 TL57 Lode 44

49 7034 Mepal gravel pits TL4283 Mepal PM

50 7038 River Close parkland TL440811 Mepal 27

51 7035 Sutton and Mepal Pumping TL4181 Mepal PM Station Drains 52 7335 Old Rectory meadows TL643673 Snailwell 34 199 53 7360 The Limekilns and adjacent areas TL6665 Snailwell 34

54 7330/2 Snailwell grasslands and woods TL6367 Snailwell 34

55 7382 East Fen Common TL6073 Soham 35

56 7140 Side grasslands TL586737 Soham 35

57 7154 Qua Fen Common TL5974 Soham 35 East Cambr LDF Ref CW Site Site Name Grid Reference Parish Map No

58 7149 Soham Cemetery TL599723 Soham 35 idgeshire Core Str 59 7142 Broadpiece TL581743 Soham 35, PM

60 7284 Basefield Wood TL651570 Stetchworth PM

61 7285 Combers Wood TL652578 Stetchworth PM

62 7286 Great Chitlings Wood TL654573 Stetchworth PM ategy

63 7287 Little Chitlings Wood TL655576 Stetchworth 52

64 7274 Marmer's Wood TL645573 Stetchworth PM

65 7290 Pickmore Wood TL65258I Stetchworth PM

66 7005 Old Bedford Low Bank drains TL4l78 Sutton PM

67 7036 Hundred Foot Bank swamp and TL432801 Sutton 39,40 ditch

68 7064/1 Cow Bridge pollard willows TL554633 Swaffham Bulbeck 41

69 7079 Beacon Course green lane TL5962 Swaffham Prior PM

70 7077 Driest Droveway TL562649 Swaffham Prior PM

71 7079/2 July Course grass lands TL6062 Swaffham Prior PM

72 7076 Swaffham Prior Meadow TL567645 Swaffham Prior 42

73 7028 Wentworth pollard willows TL479777 Wentworth PM

74 7249 Ladies Grove and Hay Wood TL624556 Westley Waterless 47

75 7517 Kingfisher’s Bridge wetland TL544732 Wicken PM

76 7133 New River and Monk's Lode TL5970 Wicken PM

77 7288 Charcoals Wood TL658575 Woodditton PM

78 7295 Ditton Park Wood TL668569 Woodditton PM

79 7460 Links Golf Course TL6261 Woodditton PM

80 7297 Wood south of Parsonage Farm TL670582 Woodditton PM

81 7289/2 Woodditton Kirtling road RSV TL6657 Woodditton 52

Local Nature Reserves in East Cambridgeshire

Map Site Grid Reference

200 21 Little Downham TL523833

PM Isleham TL636726 Protected Roadside Verges ategy Map County Ref Site Designation Road Grid Reference No Classification

PM E1 Ashley CWS/PRV B1085 TL710625 - 709425

PM E4 Chippenham CWS/PRV Unclassified road TL662713

to Freckenham idgeshire Core Str

PM E5 Kirtling (Rd to Longacre PRV Unclassified TL675556 Farm)

34 E6 Snailwell (S of the stud to PRV Unclassified TL640668-642671 East Cambr the railway)

PM, 41 E7 Swaffham Bulbeck PRV Heath Road TL567621-580613

52 E8 Woodditton CWS/PRV Unclassified TL669574

PM E9 Stuntney PRV (adj to A142 TL568768 SSSI)

Areas of Ancient Woodland within East Cambridgeshire

Map Site Status Grid Reference

6, 47 Hay Wood/Ladies Grove ASNW TL624554

PM Great Wood ASNW TL703549

52, PM Ditton Park Wood PAWS TL667569

PM Great Widgham Wood PAWS TL667552

PM Ten Wood ASNW TL664559

PM Little Widgham/ Out Woods ASNW TL657547

47, PM Brinkley Wood ASNW TL615554

20 Lucy Wood ASNW TL684568

6, PM Hat Wood/ Ladies Grove ASNW TL623557

52 Little Chitlings Wood ASNW TL655576

52, PM Pickmore Wood PAWS TL652581

52, 14, PM Combers Wood ASNW TL651578

PM, 14 Basefield Wood PAWS TL651569

14, 36 Marmers Wood ASNW TL645573 7, PM Park Wood ASNW TL640546 201 52, PM Charcoals Wood ASNW TL658574 East Cambr Scheduled Ancient Monuments in East Cambridgeshire

Parish Map County Monument Grid Reference Number idgeshire Core Str Ashley PM 67 All Saints' Church, remains of TL705602

Ashley PM 252 Remains of St Mary's Church TL71 1 616

Ashley PM, 2 29710 Gesyns: Moated Site 600m south east of TL7060 6128 Elms Farm ategy Ashley 2 29721 Sylhall: moated site 520m south of Elms TL70l46109 Farm

Bottisham 71 Deserted medieval village in Bottisham Park TL546616

Bottisham 5 33269 Medieval moated site, land south of TL 546604 Bendyshe Farm

Bottisham PM 72 Romano-British settlement site west of TL578 588 Allington Hill

Bottisham PM 33346 Four bowl barrows at Allington Hill, 420m TL5806 5860 south-west of Allington Hill Farm

Burrough Green 6,7 33588 Medieval moated site 160m north-east of TL6367 5562 The Hall

Burwell PM, 32, 36, 5 Devil's Dyke, Reach to Woodditton TL568 660 42, 52

Burwell 8 29382 Burwell Castle TL5871 6609

Cheveley 10 27187 Cheveley Castle, 350m north-west of Old TL67876131 Hall Farm

Chippenham PM 27176 Bowl barrow in Isleham Plantation TL6594 7108

Chippenham PM 27177 Bowl barrow 630m south-east of Waterhall Farm, part of the Chippenham barrow TL6842 6689 cemetery

Chippenham PM 27178 The Rookery bowl barrow, part of the Chippenham barrow cemetery, 250m south TL6788 6700 of Water hall Farm

Chippenham PM 27179 Hilly Plantation bowl barrow, part of the Chippenham barrow cemetery, 500m TL6757 6689 south-west of Waterhall Farm

Chippenham PM 27180 Four bowl barrows north of the A 11/ A 14 junction, art of the Chippenham barrow TL6721 6696 cemetery

Chippenham PM 33372 Lumber Hill bowl barrow, 720m north-east 202 TL6772 6996 of Chippenham Stud

Ely 15 27 Chapel at St John's Farm TL532 801

Ely 15 30 Monastic building at St John's Farm TL535 802

Ely 15 39 "Cherry Hill", castle mound TL541 799

Ely 15 68 Ely Cathedral: claustral buildings TL541 802 Parish Map County Monument Grid Reference Number ategy

Fordham PM 80 Roman villa south of Snailwell Fen TL636 683

Fordham PM 27168 Moor Farm bowl barrow TL6210 7334

Haddenham PM 33363 Three bowl barrows 450m and 570m east TL4088 7496

of New England idgeshire Core Str

Haddenham PM 33364 Long barrow at Foulmire Fen, 140m north-west of the junction of Back and Small TL4200 76680 Fen Drove East Cambr Haddenham PM 33365 Oval barrow and round barrow at Small Fen TL4211 7691

Haddenham PM 33366 Two bowl barrows 370m and 505m south TL4046 7452 of New England

Haddenham PM 33367 Round barrow at Small Fen, 220m east of TL4231 7674 the junction of Back and Small Fen Drove

Haddenham PM 33376 Round barrow 450 east of Shelford Farm

Isleham 18 83 Lime kilns on east side of High Street TL645 743

Isleham 18 27101 Isleham Priory: an alien Benedictine priory TL64177446 100m west of St Andrews Church

Kennett 19 27169 Howe Hill bowl barrow TL6953 6822

Kirtling PM, 20 13608 Moated sites, earthworks and ponds at TL6869 5750 Kirtling Tower

Lode PM 254 Roman settlement TL542 633

Mepal PM 24426 Bowl barrow 250m south east of Common Farm: part of a dispersed round barrow TL4307 8293 cemetery in Block Fen

Reach PM, 32, 36, 5 Devil's Dyke, Reach to Woodditton TL568 660 42, 52

Soham PM, 3 47 Roman site near Old Fordey Farm, Barway TL543 752

Stetchworth PM, 32, 36, 5 Devil's Dyke, Reach to Woodditton TL568 660 42, 52

Stetchworth PM 27170 Bowl barrow 160m south west of the TL61246123 National Stud Clubhouse

Stretham PM 60 Stretham pumping engine TL517729

Stretham PM 257 Settlement site south of Tiled House Farm TL523 733

Sutton PM 20806 Long barrow at South Fen, 180m south-east TL 4211 7761 of Ditches Drove 203

Sutton PM 33373 Long barrow at South Fen, 90m south-west TL4210 7728 of the west end of Ryanmoor Long Turning

Sutton PM 33371 Round barrow 690m south-west of Stocking TL3969 8145 Drove Farm

Swaffham Bulbeck 41 11552 Swaffham Bulbeck moated site TL5555 6279 East Cambr Parish Map County Monument Grid Reference Number

Swaffham Bulbeck PM 33341 Five bowl barrows 270m north of Hare Park TL5807 5960 idgeshire Core Str Stud

Swaffham Bulbeck PM 33342 Three bowl barrows 640m north-west of TL5776 5981 Hare Park Stud

Swaffham Bulbeck PM 33384 Long barrow 650m north-west of Lythel's TL5282 6695 Farm ategy Swaffham Prior PM, 32, 36, 5 Devil's Dyke, Reach to Woodditton TL568 660- 42, 52

Swaffham Prior 32 87 Roman villa and settlement north TL573 652 of Reach Bridge

Swaffham Prior PM 33382 Long barrow 410m south-east of Partridge TL5892 6211 Hall Farm

Wicken 48 29711 Moated site south of Chancel Farm TL5770 7026

Woodditton 36, 52, 32, 5 Devil’s Dyke TL568 660 42, PM

204 Historic Parks and Gardens ategy Map Site English Grid Reference Heritage Grade

25, PM Anglesey Abbey II* TL525620

5 Bottisham Park TL551616 idgeshire Core Str 6, 7 Brinkley Hall TL630550

PM Cheveley Park TL668612

11, PM Chippenham II TL664693 East Cambr

13, PM Dullingham House II TL627580

16 Fordham Abbey TL630697

36 Stetchworth Park TL641592

39 Sutton Park TL451791

42, 41 Swaffham Prior TL564638 II

Conservation Areas

Map Conservation Area Grid Reference

2 Ashley TL698616

5 Bottisham TL547605

6, 47 Brinkley TL631548

7 Burrough Green TL638556

8 Burwell - High Town TL589675

8 Burwell - North Street TL589664

10 Cheveley TL684606

11 Chippenham TL663698

41 Commercial End (Swaffham Bulbeck) TL557633

13, 36 Dullingham TL628579

15, 31 Ely TL542801

16 Fordham TL633708

17 Haddenham TL464755

17 Haddenham - Hill Row TL458757 205

18 Isleham TL644744

43 Kirtling (Upend) TL703584

21 Little Downham TL525838

24 Littleport TL567868 East Cambr Map Conservation Area Grid Reference

25 Lode TL535627

idgeshire Core Str 32 Reach TL567662

34 Snailwell TL644676

35 Soham TL592732

37 Stretham TL513745

ategy 39 Sutton TL448788

41 Swaffham Bulbeck TL556624

42 Swaffham Prior TL570642

48 Wicken TL568708

49 Wilburton TL485749

50 Witcham TL465799

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