DOCSLIB.ORG

THE HISTORY of the VEGETATION and CLIMATE in SOUTHERN TASMANIA SINCE the LATE'-PLEISTOCENE • (..- A.•13.000 - 0 BP)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
THE HISTORY of the VEGETATION and CLIMATE in SOUTHERN TASMANIA SINCE the LATE'-PLEISTOCENE • (..- A.•13.000 - 0 BP) THE HISTORY OF THE VEGETATION AND CLIMATE IN SOUTHERN TASMANIA SINCE THE LATE'-PLEISTOCENE • (..- a.•13.000 - 0 BP) by MICHAEL MACPHAIL . BSc. (H6ns) Sydney. submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for - the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY • w2--- UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA HOBART (November 1975).. VOLUME. TWO APPENDICES, BIBLIOGRAPHY, MAPS, FIGURES AND SUPPORTING PAPERS 1 . APPENDIX 1. CONTEMPORARY ACCOUNT OF THE APPARENT EFFECTS OF "THE .GAT FROST" OF.1837. "The road to Marlborough passes across the southern edge of this valley; it is then directed through a succession of forests and beautiful little marshes (amongst the latter are the Duck and Boggy Marshes), all of which are very fertile. _The excellence of most of the pasture and the frequent occurrence of these handsome plains or marshes in the Midst of the woods, give. a pleasing character to the bush here, which is always welcome. A walk of about six miles from Victoria. Valley places us on the bridge of the Dee, which is in this part a rather sluggish river, perhaps twenty yards wide, formed by the overflowings of Lake Echo. It is at this part of the journey that we catch the first sight, of the effects of the rigorous winter of 1837, a season of extraordinary severity, and which in a few weeks struck with death the forests throughout the valleys of well near all the highlands of this part of Tasmania. Here, however, it ceased its ravages, and its withering march from the westward was stayed. The storm moderated and when it reached this river it seems to have wholly died away, but not before its task was finished, its work of dem- olition fully completed; for the destruction of the forests ofall the lowlands, of this extensive district could not have been more perfectly accomplished if even a simoom had passed over them- This extraordinary season destroyed the timbcr of almost every valley on the vast plateau lying between this quarter and the mountains terminating at the verge of the Westbury and Norfolk Plains districts. The havoc has been indeed tremendous, but wholly incalculable. It is impossible to witness the effects of this winter without emotion and the traveller unaccustomed to such a picture of desolation is startled at the amazing scene of ruin which now presents itself. The bush is one interminable mass of dead trees. Except on the hill tops everything around him is dead. Whichever way he looks he sees hardly anything but dead forests, one apparently endless expanse of dead trees. The further he advances beyond the Dee, the more perfect has been the destruction. About this river, where the tempest seems to have.slackened, nearly half the trees have perished, or are only now recovering the shock they received thirteen years ago. But it is around, the incipient tuwa of Marlborough that the winter seems to have put forth its full strength, for here (the hill tops always excepted) the annihilation of life is almost universal; for miles every tree on the loWer•lands had died. A person writing of the districts I have undertaken to describe will not be accused of digressing in pausing to attempt the . investigation of the cause which led to the demolition, Of the forests here. The subject is interesting, and that task can never be considered an unprofitable one which has for its object the exposition of the truth; and, if possible, the correction of the vague hypothesis br which some have endeavoured to account for their decay - I believe, more with the view Of establishing new theories than of coming at the truth. According to some this was occasioned by disease; to others. , by lightning; while another class ascribe the calamity to extensive bush fires. But these persons are either ignorant Of the true cause, or they belong to that class of men who will never adopt a common- sense view of anything. I was a traveller in these districts as long ago as .1835. At that time the trees were everywhere, fresh and vigorous. In the beginning of 1838 I passed this way again, only a few months after the destruction of these forests had been effected, The ground was then covered with dead leaves, * It is very extraordinary fact, that within the last year or two about four of the trees in this township have put forth leaves after an apparent suspension of vitality of ten or eleven years' duration. (the effect of the simultaneous decay of the millions of trees which had just perished), and the bark was hanging in shreds from every bough. A most severe winter had occurred not long before', and a deep snow had fallen, which lay on the ground for many weeks, by which (the grasses excepted) vegetation on the lower lands was perfectly annihilated. The kangaroos, which swarmed here in '35, were all but extinguished; and one of a party of men who was up here then assured me that by taking advantage of the helpless condition to which the poor animals were reduced by hunger and long-continued cold, he and some others killed, in one afternoon, no less a number than sixty-seven. Judging from the quantities of their bones which found scattered everywhere, (I am speaking of '38), they must have died by thousands. If we did net know that the destruction of the trees took place with the occurrence of this terrible winter, an examination of the district would lead us to infer that cold was the agent, from the simple fact, that on the top of every hill and every ridge the trees never died. This is to be seen everywhere, even around Marlborough about which place the winter appears to have poured the full storm of its strength. It is not on one hill top alone that the trees are still green and vigorous but on every hill throughout the district. If, then, fire were really the agent, how came the trees to have escaped death in these situations, and that invariably? Are its effects less destructive on the hills than elsewhere? The answer of every one will be, certainly not. Again, do bush fires destroy the forests, or even seriously injure them? We see the contrary in five hundred cases every summer; and if such were the case, there ought not to be a tree left us in all Tasmania. But the notion is absurd. Moreover, the trees in these districts do not exhibit any extraordinary marks of fire as would certainly be the case had they beendestroyed by it. But I believe we might as well impute the devast- ation to the Mosaic deluge as to either fire or disease." Extract from J. E. Calder. ''Some account of the Country. between Hamilton and the Frenchmans Cap". Hobart Town Courier, 21st September 1850 1 . APPENDIX 2 The Preparation of Fossil Pollen Extracts from Late Quaternary Sediments in Tasmania. A. Equipment Used (six samples processed concurrently). 1. 12 x 15 ml. round bottom glass "SE" centrifuge tubes (heat resistant), 0..6 inch external diameter. 2. 6 x 15 ml. plastic "MSE" centrifuge tubes, 0.6 inch external diameter. 3. 12 x "Oxoid" irdcrobiclogical caps to fit glass centrifuge tubes.. 4. 1 x roll of "Parafilm" (for sealing the plastic centrifuge tubes). 5. 6 x 45 ml. plastic "MSE" centrifuge tubes, 1.2 inch external diameter. 6. 1 x "MSE MINOR CENTRIFUGE" (Code No. 1265) with two heads and tube holder sets: (i) a 'swing' head to hold the 0.6 inch tubes (glass tubes were found to break in a fixed angle head). (ii) a fixed angle head to hold the 1.2 inch tubes. 7. 6 x plastic wash bottles for dispensing reagents. 8. microbiological glass rod 'spreaders', disposable 'Pasteur" pipettes and assorted glass beakers, 50 - 500m1. 9. Glass slides. and 1/2 inch square No. 0 to 1 size coverslips (both stored in an 100:1 Ethanol: HC1 solution). 10. "Quikstik" permanent adhesive slide labels. 11. Variable heat setting hotplate. 12. Water bath and tube holders to fit both 0.6 and 1.2 inch centrifuge tubes. 13. "Beam" balance for balancing centrifuge tubes. 14. "Whirlimix" test tube stirrer. 15. "Endecott" 5 inch (or smaller) test seives, 250, 150 and, if required,. 100/Amesh sizes, lid and collecting basin to fit. 16. Reagents (all 'A.R.' grade) Hydrochloric acid Acetic Anhydride Hydrofluoric acid Glycerol 2. Sulphuric acid Saffranin Glacial Acetic acid - Potassium Hydroxide N.B. Access to either filtered de-ionized or distilled water and a well- equipped fume cupboard is essential as is the use of rubber gloves in handling most of the above reagents. 17. Make up: (i) 10% w/v KOH solution. (ii) 9:1 Acetic Anhydride: conc. Sulphuric acid solution (mixture should be made up fresh for each preparation. This "Acetolysis" mixture explodes on contact with water). (iii) Saffranin solution. Enough is dissolved in distilled water to give A med.. rose colour . (a deep 'claret' coloured solution is too con- centrated). B. Extractive Procedures. 0.2 gm. of oven dried material is sufficient except in the case of glacifluvial clays. Here, up to 2 gm. may be required. :#* (a) Lacustrine Clays (b) Clay-free Peats 1. .test for the presence of break up peat gently and soak overnight• carbonates using HC1. in ca. 5m1. 10% KOH in a small glass centri- fuge tube.Seal. using "Parafilm'. Any sand in the peat can then be .removed by a series of decants of the KOH suspension. • 2. place .sediment in either "Whirlimix" to break up organic matcer a small or large plastic aggregates. centrifuge tube depending on clay content.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Edition 2 from Forest to Fjaeldmark the Vegetation Communities Highland Treeless Vegetation
    Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark The Vegetation Communities Highland treeless vegetation Richea scoparia Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark 1 Highland treeless vegetation Community (Code) Page Alpine coniferous heathland (HCH) 4 Cushion moorland (HCM) 6 Eastern alpine heathland (HHE) 8 Eastern alpine sedgeland (HSE) 10 Eastern alpine vegetation (undifferentiated) (HUE) 12 Western alpine heathland (HHW) 13 Western alpine sedgeland/herbland (HSW) 15 General description Rainforest and related scrub, Dry eucalypt forest and woodland, Scrub, heathland and coastal complexes. Highland treeless vegetation communities occur Likewise, some non-forest communities with wide within the alpine zone where the growth of trees is environmental amplitudes, such as wetlands, may be impeded by climatic factors. The altitude above found in alpine areas. which trees cannot survive varies between approximately 700 m in the south-west to over The boundaries between alpine vegetation communities are usually well defined, but 1 400 m in the north-east highlands; its exact location depends on a number of factors. In many communities may occur in a tight mosaic. In these parts of Tasmania the boundary is not well defined. situations, mapping community boundaries at Sometimes tree lines are inverted due to exposure 1:25 000 may not be feasible. This is particularly the or frost hollows. problem in the eastern highlands; the class Eastern alpine vegetation (undifferentiated) (HUE) is used in There are seven specific highland heathland, those areas where remote sensing does not provide sedgeland and moorland mapping communities, sufficient resolution. including one undifferentiated class. Other highland treeless vegetation such as grasslands, herbfields, A minor revision in 2017 added information on the grassy sedgelands and wetlands are described in occurrence of peatland pool complexes, and other sections.
    [Show full text]
  • Jervis Bay Territory Page 1 of 50 21-Jan-11 Species List for NRM Region (Blank), Jervis Bay Territory
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations.
    [Show full text]
  • Ficha Catalográfica Online
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA – IB SUZANA MARIA DOS SANTOS COSTA SYSTEMATIC STUDIES IN CRYPTANGIEAE (CYPERACEAE) ESTUDOS FILOGENÉTICOS E SISTEMÁTICOS EM CRYPTANGIEAE CAMPINAS, SÃO PAULO 2018 SUZANA MARIA DOS SANTOS COSTA SYSTEMATIC STUDIES IN CRYPTANGIEAE (CYPERACEAE) ESTUDOS FILOGENÉTICOS E SISTEMÁTICOS EM CRYPTANGIEAE Thesis presented to the Institute of Biology of the University of Campinas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in Plant Biology Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do Título de Doutora em Biologia Vegetal ESTE ARQUIVO DIGITAL CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA TESE DEFENDIDA PELA ALUNA Suzana Maria dos Santos Costa E ORIENTADA PELA Profa. Maria do Carmo Estanislau do Amaral (UNICAMP) E CO- ORIENTADA pelo Prof. William Wayt Thomas (NYBG). Orientadora: Maria do Carmo Estanislau do Amaral Co-Orientador: William Wayt Thomas CAMPINAS, SÃO PAULO 2018 Agência(s) de fomento e nº(s) de processo(s): CNPq, 142322/2015-6; CAPES Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Biologia Mara Janaina de Oliveira - CRB 8/6972 Costa, Suzana Maria dos Santos, 1987- C823s CosSystematic studies in Cryptangieae (Cyperaceae) / Suzana Maria dos Santos Costa. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2018. CosOrientador: Maria do Carmo Estanislau do Amaral. CosCoorientador: William Wayt Thomas. CosTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia. Cos1. Savanas. 2. Campinarana. 3. Campos rupestres. 4. Filogenia - Aspectos moleculares. 5. Cyperaceae. I. Amaral, Maria do Carmo Estanislau do, 1958-. II. Thomas, William Wayt, 1951-. III. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia. IV. Título.
    [Show full text]
  • TASMANIAN HIGH MOUNTAIN VEGETATION II - ROCKY HILL and PYRAMID MOUNTAIN by J.B
    Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, Volume 118, 1984 (ms. received 10.VI.1983) TASMANIAN HIGH MOUNTAIN VEGETATION II - ROCKY HILL AND PYRAMID MOUNTAIN by J.B. Kirkpatrick Department of Geography, University of Tasmania (with two tables, three text-figures and four plates) ABSTRACT KIRKPATRICK, J.B., 1984 (31 viii): Tasmanian high mountain vegetation II - Rocky Hill and Pyramid Mountain. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm., ll8: 5-20, pls 1-4. https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.118.5 ISSN 0080-4703. Department of Geography, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Rocky Hill and Pyramid Mountain are composed of horizontally bedded Permian to Upper Carboniferous sedimentary rocks, the nature of which has encouraged the development of fjaeldmark and nonsorted stone steps and stripes. Buried A throtax1:s logs in the present alpine zone, the patterns of distribution of fire-susceptible species and other evidence suggest that the area has been subject to at least two severe and extensive fires, which have resulted in landscape instability. Nevertheless, the present vegetation of the area is varied, lacking only deciduous heath and tussock grassland of the alpine subformations and having a full range from sedgeland to closed-forest in the subalpine vegetation. The species composition of the vegetation of the two mountains is most similar to that of Cradle Mountain. INTRODUCTION The Tasmanian high mountains possess varied floras and vegetation complexes, these variations most strongly relating to precipitation and soil characteristics (Kirkpatrick 1980, 1982, 1983). Most of the mountains with alpine vegetation (sensu Kirkpatrick 1982) consist of dolerite or highly siliceous quartzites and quartzitic conglomerates.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Communities of Mt Barrow & Mt Barrow Falls
    PLANT COMMUNITIES OF MT BARROW & MT BARROW FALLS John B. Davies Margaret J. Davies Consultant Queen Victoria and Art and Plomley Foundation II Mt Barrow J.B. & M.J. (1990) of Mt Barrow and Mt Barrow No.2 © Queen Victoria and Art Wellington St., Launceston,Tasmania 1990 CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 BACKGROUND 4 SURVEY MT BARROW 11 OF MT BARROW PLANT COMMUNITIES 14 AND THEIR RESERVATION COMPARISON THE VEGETATION AT 30 BARROW AND LOMOND BOTANICAL OF MT BARROW RESERVE 31 DESCRIPTION THE COMMUNITIES BARROW FALLS THEIR APPENDIX 1 36 APPENDIX 2­ MAP 3 39 APPENDIX 4 APPENDIX 5 APPENDIX 6­ SPECIES 49 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks are due to a number of people for assistance with this project. Firstly administrative assistance was by the Director of the Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Mr Chris TasselL assistance was Michael Body, Kath Craig Reid and Mary Cameron. crt>''Y'it>,nt" are also due to Telecom for providing a key to the on the plateau, the Department of Lands, Parks and for providing a transparency base map of the area, and to Mr Mike Brouder and Mr John Harris Commission), for the use of 1 :20,000 colour aerial photographs of the area. Taxonomic was provided by Cameron (Honorary Research Associate, Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery) who also mounted all the plant collected, and various staff of the Tasmanian Herbarium particularly Mr Alex Dr Tony Orchard, Mr D. 1. Morris and Dr Winifred Curtis. thanks are due to Dr Brad Potts (Botany Department, of Tasmania) for assistance with data and table production and to Prof Kirkpatrick and Environmental ..J'U'U'~;'" of Tasmania) for the use and word-processing.
    [Show full text]
  • Species of Interest in Braxton Mire
    Species of Interest in Braxton Mire Table of Contents Introduction 1 Aporostylis bifolia 2 Bulbinella angustifolia 3 Carpha alpina 4 Celmisia gracilenta 5 Chionochloa rubra subsp. cuprea 6 Coprosma rugosa 7 Dracophyllum longifolium var. longifolium 8 Drosera spatulata 9 Empodisma minus 10 Gaultheria macrostigma 11 Gleichenia dicarpa 12 Herpolirion novae­zelandiae 13 Leptospermum scoparium var. scoparium 14 Lobelia angulata 15 Machaerina tenax 16 Oreobolus pectinatus 17 Thelymitra cyanea 18 Glossary 19 Made on the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network website – www.nzpcn.org.nz Copyright All images used in this book remain copyright of the named photographer. Any reproduction, retransmission, republication, or other use of all or part of this book is expressly prohibited, unless prior written permission has been granted by the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network ([email protected]). All other rights reserved. © 2017 New Zealand Plant Conservation Network Introduction About the Network This book was compiled from information stored on the The Network has more than 800 members worldwide and is website of the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network New Zealand's largest non­governmental organisation solely (www.nzpcn.org.nz). devoted to the protection and restoration of New Zealand's indigenous plant life. This website was established in 2003 as a repository for information about New Zealand's threatened vascular The vision of the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network is plants. Since then it has grown into a national database of that 'no indigenous species of plant will become extinct nor be information about all plants in the New Zealand botanic placed at risk of extinction as a result of human action or region including both native and naturalised vascular indifference, and that the rich, diverse and unique plant life of plants, threatened mosses, liverworts and fungi.
    [Show full text]
  • Gardens and Stewardship
    GARDENS AND STEWARDSHIP Thaddeus Zagorski (Bachelor of Theology; Diploma of Education; Certificate 111 in Amenity Horticulture; Graduate Diploma in Environmental Studies with Honours) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy October 2007 School of Geography and Environmental Studies University of Tasmania STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for any other degree or graduate diploma by the University of Tasmania or in any other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, this thesis contains no copy or paraphrase of material previously published or written by other persons, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis or in footnotes. Thaddeus Zagorski University of Tasmania Date: This thesis may be made available for loan or limited copying in accordance with the Australian Copyright Act of 1968. Thaddeus Zagorski University of Tasmania Date: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is not merely the achievement of a personal goal, but a culmination of a journey that started many, many years ago. As culmination it is also an impetus to continue to that journey. In achieving this personal goal many people, supervisors, friends, family and University colleagues have been instrumental in contributing to the final product. The initial motivation and inspiration for me to start this study was given by Professor Jamie Kirkpatrick, Dr. Elaine Stratford, and my friend Alison Howman. For that challenge I thank you. I am deeply indebted to my three supervisors Professor Jamie Kirkpatrick, Dr. Elaine Stratford and Dr. Aidan Davison. Each in their individual, concerted and special way guided me to this omega point.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Grimwade Plant Collection of Percival St John and Botanical Exploration of Mt Buffalo National Park (Victoria, Australia)
    Report on the Grimwade Plant Collection of Percival St John and Botanical Exploration of Mt Buffalo National Park (Victoria, Australia) Alison Kellow Michael Bayly Pauline Ladiges School of Botany, The University of Melbourne July, 2007 THE GRIMWADE PLANT COLLECTION, MT BUFFALO Contents Summary ...........................................................................................................................3 Mt Buffalo and its flora.....................................................................................................4 History of botanical exploration........................................................................................5 The Grimwade plant collection of Percival St John..........................................................8 A new collection of plants from Mt Buffalo - The Miegunyah Plant Collection (2006/2007) ....................................................................................................................................13 Plant species list for Mt Buffalo National Park...............................................................18 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................19 Acknowledgments...........................................................................................................19 References .......................................................................................................................20 Appendix 1 Details of specimens in the Grimwade Plant Collection.............................22
    [Show full text]
  • I Is the Sunda-Sahul Floristic Exchange Ongoing?
    Is the Sunda-Sahul floristic exchange ongoing? A study of distributions, functional traits, climate and landscape genomics to investigate the invasion in Australian rainforests By Jia-Yee Samantha Yap Bachelor of Biotechnology Hons. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2018 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation i Abstract Australian rainforests are of mixed biogeographical histories, resulting from the collision between Sahul (Australia) and Sunda shelves that led to extensive immigration of rainforest lineages with Sunda ancestry to Australia. Although comprehensive fossil records and molecular phylogenies distinguish between the Sunda and Sahul floristic elements, species distributions, functional traits or landscape dynamics have not been used to distinguish between the two elements in the Australian rainforest flora. The overall aim of this study was to investigate both Sunda and Sahul components in the Australian rainforest flora by (1) exploring their continental-wide distributional patterns and observing how functional characteristics and environmental preferences determine these patterns, (2) investigating continental-wide genomic diversities and distances of multiple species and measuring local species accumulation rates across multiple sites to observe whether past biotic exchange left detectable and consistent patterns in the rainforest flora, (3) coupling genomic data and species distribution models of lineages of known Sunda and Sahul ancestry to examine landscape-level dynamics and habitat preferences to relate to the impact of historical processes. First, the continental distributions of rainforest woody representatives that could be ascribed to Sahul (795 species) and Sunda origins (604 species) and their dispersal and persistence characteristics and key functional characteristics (leaf size, fruit size, wood density and maximum height at maturity) of were compared.
    [Show full text]
  • South, Tasmania
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Guide to Users Background What is the summary for and where does it come from? This summary has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. It highlights important elements of the biodiversity of the region in two ways: • Listing species which may be significant for management because they are found only in the region, mainly in the region, or they have a conservation status such as endangered or vulnerable. • Comparing the region to other parts of Australia in terms of the composition and distribution of its species, to suggest components of its biodiversity which may be nationally significant. The summary was produced using the Australian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. The list of families covered in ANHAT is shown in Appendix 1. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are are not not included included in the in the summary. • The data used for this summary come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect.
    [Show full text]
  • Reinstatement and Revision of the Genus Chaetospora (Cyperaceae: Schoeneae)
    Volume 23: 95–112 ELOPEA Publication date: 2 July 2020 T dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea14345 Journal of Plant Systematics plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/Telopea • escholarship.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/TEL • ISSN 0312-9764 (Print) • ISSN 2200-4025 (Online) Reinstatement and revision of the genus Chaetospora (Cyperaceae: Schoeneae) Russell L. Barrett1,3, Karen L. Wilson1 and Jeremy J. Bruhl2 1National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, New South Wales 2000, Australia 2Botany, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia 3Author for Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract Three species are recognised within the reinstated and recircumscribed genus Chaetospora R.Br. Chaetospora is lectotypified on C. curvifolia R.Br. A new combination, Chaetospora subbulbosa (Benth.) K.L.Wilson & R.L.Barrett, is made for Schoenus subbulbosus Benth. Lectotypes are selected for Chaetospora aurata Nees, Chaetospora curvifolia R.Br., Chaetospora turbinata R.Br., Elynanthus capitatus Nees, Schoenus subbulbosus Benth., Schoenus subg. Pseudomesomelaena Kük. and Schoenus sect. Sphaerocephali Benth. Two species are endemic to south-western Australia, while the third is endemic to south-eastern Australia. Full descriptions, illustrations and a key to species are provided. All species have anatomy indicative of C3 photosynthesis. Introduction Chaetospora R.Br. is here reinstated as a segregate from Schoenus L., with a novel circumscription. Schoenus is a nearly globally-distributed genus exhibiting a significant range of morphological variation (Rye et al. 1987; Sharpe 1989; Wilson 1993, 1994a,b; Bruhl 1995; Goetghebeur 1998; Wheeler and Graham 2002; Wilson et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The International Significance of the Natural Values of the Australian Alps
    AUSTRALIAN ALPS NATIONAL PARKS The International Significance of the Natural Values of the Australian Alps A report to the Australian Alps Liaison Committee J B Kirkpatrick May 1994 THE INTERNATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NATURAL VALUES OF THE AUSTRALIAN ALPS A report to the Australian Alps Liaison Committee J. B. KIRKPATRICK Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania October 1993 Contents Summary .........................................................................................................................4 Introduction...................................................................................................................... 5 Methods and criteria for assessing natural international significance .............................. 8 General principles ........................................................................................................ 8 Biosphere Reserves..................................................................................................... 8 The World Heritage Convention................................................................................... 9 The convention on biological diversity........................................................................ 14 Assessment of statements on international significance................................................ 15 General statements.................................................................................................... 15 Mountain environments.............................................................................................
    [Show full text]