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A Dynamic Model of Customer Loyalty
A dynamic model of customer loyalty Michele Costabile71 Abstract Competitive and economic advantages stemming from the strengthening of customer relationships have been widely tested and discussed by practitioners and scholars in the relationship marketing and in the customer satisfaction and postconsumption research fields. Many studies, early developed into the business to business marketing field, have focused on antecedents and consequences of market relationships, identifying cognitive, affective and behavioural constructs (satisfaction, trust, loyalty and co-operation) that qualify the relationship life cycle, from customer satisfaction up to customer loyalty and partnership. Cognitive and behavioural constructs operating during the relationship life cycle have been widely analysed, and thanks to these studies it is possible to define a model of "customer buying process", as a preliminary step before submitting it to the canonical falsification process. Starting from an overview of the literature, this paper proposes a dynamic model of customer loyalty, in the marketing relationship perspective. The paper aims to identify the antecedents and the consequences of the evolutionary links between the several relational constructs connected with customer satisfaction and loyalty. The paper formulates research propositions on the loyalty development process, which will have to be empirically tested in order to theorise a model of customer buying behaviour, useful for loyalty management purposes, both in business to business and in business -
Brand Loyalty and Involvement in Different Customer Levels of a Service Concept Brand
Brand loyalty and involvement in different customer levels of a service concept brand Marketing Master's thesis Susanna Dahlgren 2011 Department of Marketing Aalto University School of Economics BRAND LOYALTY AND INVOLVEMENT IN DIFFERENT CUSTOMER LEVELS OF A SERVICE CONCEPT BRAND Master´s Thesis Susanna Dahlgren 10.5.2011 Marketing Approved by the head of the Department of Marketing 13.5.2011 and awarded the grade _______________________________________________________ AALTO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ECONIMICS ABSTRACT Department of marketing and management 10.05.2011 Master’s thesis Susanna Dahlgren BRAND LOYALTY AND INVOLVEMENT IN DIFFERENT CUSTOMER LEVELS OF A SERVICE CONCEPT BRAND PURPOSE OF THE STUDY In the highly competitive environment, organizations should protect the long- term interest of the customers so that these long-lasting relationships would enhance their profitability. The purpose of this research is to study is to build a framework to link the dimensions of brand loyalty and brand involvement and to capture the differences between different customer levels of a service concept brand. More specifically, this study contributes to the understanding of what factors contribute to loyalty and involvement in different customer levels of a group fitness brand. METHODOLOGY The data used in this study was collected by a web-based questionnaire, targeted to the participants and instructors of a global group fitness brand in the Nordic region. The data collected included 3 348 responses. Two multivariate data analysis techniques were used to address the research questions on the basis of the data. First, factor analysis was conducted in order to identify the underlying patterns in customer loyalty and involvement. -
The Brand Ambassador Effectivenesson Brandimage Andpurchasing Decision for Oppo Fseries Smartphone
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) ISSN (Online): 2319 – 8028, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 801X www.ijbmi.org || Volume 8 Issue 03 Series. I || March 2019 || PP 44-50 The Brand Ambassador Effectivenesson Brandimage Andpurchasing Decision For Oppo Fseries Smartphone Ni LuhPutuEkaPrasantiRutha *)1, Toni Bakhtiar*), andKirbrandoko*) *)School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University Jl. Raya Pajajaran, Bogor 16151 Indonesia Corresponding Author: Ni LuhPutuEkaPrasantiRutha ABSTRACT: In order to introduce its F Series products, OPPO used brand ambassadors. As a middle end and for the middle class, OPPO built a brand image by using brand ambassadors, namely Rio Haryanto, IsyanaSarasvati, Raisa, and Chelsea Islan for its F Series products. This study aimed to determine the role of brand ambassadors in the promotion of OPPO F Series products and analyze their influence on brand image and customer purchasing decision. The type of research used was explanatory research, while the research data was obtained using questionnaires involving 85 respondents. The results of this study showed that Brand Ambassador had a direct influence on Brand Image but had an indirect influence on Purchasing Decision. KEY WORD: Brand Ambassador, Brand Image, Purchasing Decision, Smartphone --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 17-02-2019 Date of acceptance: 03-03-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW Technology develops along with the changing times. It, nowadays, has penetrated almost all aspects and lines of human life. It makes human activities easier to be more practical and concise. The use of smartphones is a clear proof of the closeness of technology to modern life. Smartphone’s features offer convenience in communication and information that can be easily accessed by consumers. -
National Education Policy Center
EXAMINING THE NEW PHENOMENON OF TEACHERS AS BRAND AMBASSADORS Christopher M. Saldaña, Kevin G. Welner, Susan Malcolm, & Eleanore Tisch University of Colorado Boulder January 2019 National Education Policy Center School of Education, University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, CO 80309-0249 (802) 383-0058 nepc.colorado.edu Acknowledgements NEPC Staff Kevin Welner Project Director William Mathis Managing Director Peter Greene Academic Editor Alex Molnar Publications Director Suggested Citation: Saldaña, C.M., Welner, K.G., Macolm, S. & Tisch, E. (2018). Examining the New Phenomenon of Teachers as Brand Ambassadors. Boulder, CO: National Education Policy Center. Retrieved [date] from http://nepc.colorado.edu/publication/brand-ambassador. Peer Review: Examining the New Phenomenon of Teachers as Brand Ambassadors was double-blind peer-reviewed. This brief is produced by the Commercialism in Education Research Unit. This publication is provided free of cost to NEPC’s readers, who may make non-commercial use of it as long as NEPC and its author(s) are credited as the source. For inquiries about commercial use, please contact NEPC at [email protected]. http://nepc.colorado.edu/publication/brand-ambassador 2 of 23 EXAMINING THE NEW PHENOMENON OF TEACHERS AS BRAND AMBASSADORS Christopher M. Saldaña, Kevin G. Welner, Susan Malcolm, & Eleanore Tisch University of Colorado Boulder January 2019 Executive Summary Within-school marketing has a new twist, and teachers are at the center. Corporate firms, particularly those with education technology products, have contracted with teachers to be- come so-called brand ambassadors. A brand ambassador is an individual who receives some form of compensation or perk in exchange for the endorsement of a product. -
Strengthening Internal Brand Equity with Brand Ambassador Programs: Development and Testing of a Success Factor Model
J Brand Manag https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-018-0101-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Strengthening internal brand equity with brand ambassador programs: development and testing of a success factor model 1 1 Holger J. Schmidt • Carsten Baumgarth Ó Macmillan Publishers Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Particular in service and b-to-b-sectors, Introduction employees’ brand commitment is a prerequisite for build- ing a strong brand. While many areas of interest within the Internal branding is a relatively new term, which was first field of internal branding have been tested by empirical used in 1999 (Keller 1999; Thomson et al. 1999), followed studies, knowledge of internally oriented brand ambassador by numerous books and articles that have been published programs (BAPs) is predominately anecdotal. The aim of since then. The increasing relevance of the internal this article is to identify BAPs’ success factors by first anchorage of the brand is particularly reasoned by broad- defining the corresponding term, followed by a BAP ening the brand concept to services, b-to-b and non-profit framework based on the literature, using 25 success factors markets, which are dominated by corporate brands. These in six categories. A longitudinal case study from the ser- markets are characterized by a lower relevance of mass vice industry tested the practical application of the communication and packaging and a higher relevance of framework, while the results of the case study were used to face-to-face communication and personal interaction. adapt the model. The findings show that a BAP is not an Therefore, company employees are pivotal brand touch isolated instrument of internal brand management, but that points and fundamental drivers of brand equity, while they its impact depends on important background factors such are also positive brand communicators. -
RESEARCH FINDINGS and FUTURE PRIORITIES Kevin Lane Keller
BRANDS AND BRANDING: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND FUTURE PRIORITIES Kevin Lane Keller Tuck School of Business Dartmouth College Hanover, NH 03755 (603) 646-0393 (o) (603) 646-1308 (f) [email protected] Donald R. Lehmann Graduate School of Business Columbia University 507 Uris Hall 3022 Broadway New York, NY 10027 (212) 854-3465 (o) (212) 854-8762 (f) [email protected] August 2004 Revised February 2005 Second Revision May 2005 Thanks to Kathleen Chattin from Intel Corporation and Darin Klein from Microsoft Corporation, members of the Marketing Science Institute Brands and Branding Steering Group, and participants at the Marketing Science Institute Research Generation Conference and 2004 AMA Doctoral Consortium for helpful feedback and suggestions. BRANDS AND BRANDING: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND FUTURE PRIORITIES ABSTRACT Branding has emerged as a top management priority in the last decade due to the growing realization that brands are one of the most valuable intangible assets that firms have. Driven in part by this intense industry interest, academic researchers have explored a number of different brand-related topics in recent years, generating scores of papers, articles, research reports, and books. This paper identifies some of the influential work in the branding area, highlighting what has been learned from an academic perspective on important topics such as brand positioning, brand integration, brand equity measurement, brand growth, and brand management. The paper also outlines some gaps that exist in the research of branding and brand equity and formulates a series of related research questions. Choice modeling implications of the branding concept and the challenges of incorporating main and interaction effects of branding as well as the impact of competition are discussed. -
Importance of Brand Personality to Customer Loyalty: a Conceptual Study
New Media and Mass Communication www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3267 (Paper) ISSN 2224-3275 (Online) Vol 1, 2011 Importance of Brand Personality To Customer Loyalty: A Conceptual Study Reshma Farhat1* Dr. Bilal Mustafa Khan2 1.Department of Business Administration, Aligarh Muslim university (AMU), PO box 202002, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India 2.Department of Business Administration, Aligarh Muslim university (AMU), PO box 202002, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India * E-mail of the corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Customer loyalty is viewed as the strengths of the relationship between an individual’s relative attitude and repeat patronage. Here an attempt has been made to probe into the behaviour of a customers’ willingness to buy a brand/product, of what are the related factors which influences his buying behaviour and attitude towards the brand. An investigation is done to highlight a point of what are the influencing factors which compels him to be a loyal for a brand. The theoretical study and the conceptual model, here, envisages the concept of brand loyalty by passing through the concept of brand personality. The study findings suggest a conceptual model that combines the theories of brand personality with the necessary dispositional variables to explain the customer’s loyalty processes. This model also rises to the marketing challenge of building long-term consumer relationships. Customer’s loyalty, therefore, might be strengthened or retained by keeping in consideration various other factors through communicating a good brand relationship by involving the concept of brand personality, thus, enhancing the customer relationship building with social and resource exchanges and thus positively affecting the satisfaction of the customer. -
US Consumer Discretionary
US Consumer Discretionary Equity preferences | 15 June 2018 Chief Investment Office Americas, Wealth Management Robert Samuels, Consumer Discretionary Equity Sector Strategist Americas, [email protected], Jonathan Woloshin, CFA, Head Americas Equities, [email protected], Sally Dessloch, Head Equity Sector Strategy Americas, [email protected] Name Ticker Price Sector view: Neutral Most Preferred Strategy: Our equity strategy team recommends a Neutral allo- Amazon.com Inc. AMZN1723.86 cation to the sector as important segments of the consumer dis- D.R. Horton Inc. DHI 43.08 cretionary sector such as autos, housing, and lodging tend to per- Home Depot Inc. HD 199.67 form best early in the cycle. Also, the Federal Reserve's interest rate Hyatt Hotels Corp H 83.00 increases could become more of a headwind for these interest-rate Lowe's Cos. LOW 99.16 sensitive industries. McDonald's Corp. MCD 167.05 Meritage Homes Corp. MTH 46.00 Our positioning within the sector: We are attracted to strong Nike Inc. NKE 74.70 brands/content with pricing power and companies that are aligned Pulte Homes Inc. PHM 30.80 to the needs of the millennial consumer given the outsized impact Walt Disney Co. DIS 108.75 that this demographic will have on consumption trends for years to Bellwether List come. In addition, we look for companies with leading e-commerce Comcast Corp. (Cl A) CMCSA 33.82 and omni-channel capabilities and international exposure, particu- Dick's Sporting Goods Inc. DKS 37.40 larly within the emerging markets. Ford Motor Co F 11.89 Gap Inc. -
How Do Effective Digital Marketing and Brand Ambassador Stimulate Purchase Intention Today? Choirun Nisa1, Diesyana Ajeng Pramesti1*
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 436 1st Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities, Economics and Social Sciences (BIS-HESS 2019) How Do Effective Digital Marketing and Brand Ambassador Stimulate Purchase Intention Today? Choirun Nisa1, Diesyana Ajeng Pramesti1* 1 Faculty of Economics, Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, Magelang, Indonesia *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT This study aims to examine and analyse how effective digital marketing and brand ambassadors are in influencing purchase intentions in this digital era today. A quantitative method with a purposive sampling technique applied in this study to 100 respondents. Data testing was performed using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are indirectly, (through mediating by brand identity) proven that digital marketing and brand ambassadors greatly influence purchase intention, but directly, digital marketing and brand ambassadors have no effect on purchase intentions. What is interesting in this study is the results obtained, in this digital era, brand identity has a more important role in stimulating purchase intentions, compared to digital marketing and brand ambassadors. Keywords: digital marketing, brand ambassador, purchase intention then intention is influenced by attitudes and subjective norms [5]. 1. INTRODUCTION The type of decision making that studies the reasons about buying certain brands with consumers is correlates with [6] The rises of digital marketing and the uses of brand - [9]. They said that purchase action made by consumers ambassadors in order to increase sales and build a good occurs on certain stimuli provided by marketers. Although image of the company's products and it is the right strategy theoretically appropriate, but from the behavior’s point of in this digitalization era. -
Brand Ambassador JD.Pages
BRAND AMBASSADOR Location(s): Perimeter Position Type: Full-time | Salary Reports to: General Manager WHAT WE DO At Roam, hospitality meets functionality. Roam exists for a workforce on the move. We offer flexible month-to-month co-working memberships and provide unique and innovative meeting solutions for small business owners and Fortune 500s. We’re on a mission to build an invested community by creating environments where people can focus, collaborate, learn, and socialize. WHO WE ARE Vision: At Roam, we believe the best in each other, want the best for each other and expect the best from each other. We select and invest in servant-leaders who are passionate about hospitality and desire to be a part of something bigger: renewing and inspiring the way the world does business by partnering in the stories of accomplished dreams. Values: See how our values are lived out at meetatroam.com/careers - Energy - Personalized Service - Inspiration - Innovation - Generosity WHO WE’RE LOOKING FOR Roam is seeking an energetic Brand Ambassador to be a key driving force in developing and establishing the Roam brand in and around the Perimeter community. To be successful in this role, the Brand Ambassador will work alongside the General Manager to create and implement a unique local marketing plan to grow membership sales, foster community, and reinforce the brand. He/ she will ensure that the workplace is activating emotional connections with members and guests while also influencing the local community through external engagement opportunities, events and public relations efforts. When not in the community, this role will serve alongside the Perimeter team to deliver an excellent hospitality experience to members and guests. -
Customer Loyalty and Brand Management
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Rubio Benito, Natalia (Ed.); Yagüe Guillén, María Jésus (Ed.) Book — Published Version Customer loyalty and brand management Provided in Cooperation with: MDPI – Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, Basel Suggested Citation: Rubio Benito, Natalia (Ed.); Yagüe Guillén, María Jésus (Ed.) (2019) : Customer loyalty and brand management, ISBN 978-3-03921-336-8, MDPI, Basel, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-336-8 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/206784 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative -
A Study on Importance of Brand Ambassadors for Brands in Marketing
Pramana Research Journal ISSN NO: 2249-2976 A Study on importance of Brand Ambassadors for Brands in Marketing Mandeep Choursia Assistant Professor e-mail: [email protected] University Institute of Media Studies Chandigarh University Mohali, Punjab Abstract A brand ambassador is a spoke person or representative of a brand. His shadow on the brand works like an influence for attracting customers in market. The more a brand ambassador have fan following the more he will able to gain attention of common people. Sometime a customers buy product just by knowing that it is endorsed by particular celebrity, and to show loyalty towards that celebrity mostly fans buy that products or services. It is very difficult for an organisation when it comes to branding because there are various tools that they can adopt for promotion, so it is always confusing for them to decide but word- of-mouth always work especially when it comes from a prominent personality who already have a good positive established image in audience. So in this study importance of a brand ambassador in market for brands is focused and a close observation and analysis is done for the same. Key Words: Brand, Ambassador, Market, Celebrities, advertising Introduction In our daily life we come across various advertisements of various brands. Most of the time we automatically pay attention on the advertisements which includes the person we know. This is strange but true. It is a human tendency that they pay attention on the things which are familiar to them. This is the reason that most of the brands try to cast known names at that present time, these known or Volume 8, Issue 7, 2018 308 https://pramanaresearch.org/ Pramana Research Journal ISSN NO: 2249-2976 prominent names are considered as brand ambassadors of that organisation whose commercials they are representing.