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IEEE P C63.4rev/D1.05, 30 April 2012 1 C63.4rev/D1.05 2 Draft American National Standard for 3 Methods of Measurement of Radio- 4 Noise Emissions from Low-Voltage 5 Electrical and Electronic Equipment 6 in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz 7 Sponsored by the 8 Accredited Standards Committee C63®²Electromagnetic Compatibility 9 accredited by the American National Standards Institute 10 11 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Secretariat C63® 12 Approved <XX MONTH 20XX> 13 American National Standards Institute 14 15 Copyright © 2012 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 16 Three Park Avenue 17 New York, New York 10016-5997, USA 18 All rights reserved. 19 This document is an unapproved draft of a proposed IEEE Standard. As such, this document is subject to 20 change. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK! Because this is an unapproved draft, this document must not be 21 utilized for any conformance/compliance purposes. Permission is hereby granted for IEEE Standards 22 Committee participants to reproduce this document for purposes of international standardization 23 consideration. Prior to adoption of this document, in whole or in part, by another standards development 24 organization, permission must first be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association Department 25 ([email protected]). Other entities seeking permission to reproduce this document, in whole or in part, must 26 also obtain permission from the IEEE Standards Association Department. 27 IEEE Standards Association Department 28 445 Hoes Lane 29 Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA 30 Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. IEEE P C63.4rev/D1.05, 30 April 2012 31 Abstract: U.S. consensus standard methods, instrumentation, and facilities for measurement of 32 radio-frequency (RF) signals and noise emitted from electrical and electronic devices in the 33 frequency range 9 kHz to 40 GHz are specified. This standard does not include generic nor 34 product-specific emission limits. Where possible, the specifications herein are harmonized with 35 other national and international standards used for similar purposes. 36 Keywords: conducted emission testing, conducting ground plane, digital equipment, electric-field 37 measurement, intentional radiators, line impedance stabilization network, low-voltage electrical 38 equipment, low-voltage electronic equipment, magnetic field measurement, normalized site 39 attenuation, radiated emission testing, radio-noise emissions, radio-noise power, site attenuation, 40 unintentional radiators 41 x 42 43 44 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright © 20XX by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published <XX MONTH 20XX>. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. 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This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. IEEE P C63.4rev/D1.05, 30 April 2012 71 Introduction 72 This introduction is not part of C63.4rev/D1.04, Draft Standard for Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise 73 Emissions from Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz. 74 Almost from the beginning of radio broadcasting, the electric utility companies were faced with the 75 problem of radio noise. In 1924, the National Electric Light Association appointed a committee to study the 76 subject. The manufacturers of electric power equipment had encountered similar problems, and in 1930, a 77 subcommittee of the NEMA Codes and Standards Committee was established.1 The following year, the 78 EEI NEMA-RMA Joint Coordination Committee on Radio Reception was organized. 79 The Joint Coordination Committee issued a number of reports, among which was Methods of Measuring 80 Radio Noise, 1940. This report included specifications for a radio-noise and field-strength meter for the 81 frequency band 0.15 MHz to 18 MHz. The report recommended procedures for measuring radio-noise 82 voltage (conducted noise) from low- and high-voltage apparatus, making noise field-strength measurements 83 near overhead power lines, determining broadcast field strengths, and collecting data on which to base 84 tolerable limits for radio noise. 85 During World War II, the needs of the armed services for instruments and methods for radio-noise 86 measurement, particularly at frequencies higher than the broadcast band, became pressing, and in 1944, 87 work on developing suitable specifications was begun by a special subcommittee, called the ASA Sectional 88 Committee C63, Radio-Electrical Coordination. This special subcommittee developed a wartime 89 specification that became Army-Navy Specification JAN-I-225 issued in 1945 and later approved as C63.1 90 1946, American War Standard-Method of Measuring Radio Interference of Electrical Components and 91 Completed Assemblies of Electrical Equipment for the Armed Forces from 150 kHz to 20 MHz. 92 In 1951, ASA Sectional Committee C63, through its Subcommittee No. 1 on Techniques and 93 Developments, started work on improving and extending measurement methods, taking into account 94 methods mentioned in the 1940 report and those in current military specifications. In the course of this 95 work, Subcommittee No. 1 developed the standard C63.4-1963, Radio-Noise Voltage and Radio-Noise 96 Field Strength, 0.015 to 25 MHz, Low-Voltage Electric Equipment and Non-Electric Equipment. Work 97 continued within the subcommittee on developing methods of measurement above 25 MHz and the 98 subsequent inclusion of these measurement methods in future revisions of C63.4-1963. 99 C63.4-1963 was reaffirmed in 1969, and work within the subcommittee was accelerated to produce a draft 100 standard that would make use of the experience gained by several years use of the standard, extend its 101 coverage to embrace a broader frequency range, and incorporate newer measurement techniques that had 102 been developed within the United States and by the International Special Committee on Radio Interference 103 (CISPR) as set forth in CISPR 14 and CISPR 16. The revised standard was published in 1981. 104 Although many improvements had been made in ANSI C63.4 in the several revisions, the reproducibility of 105 measurements of radiated interference from one test site to another had not been completely satisfactory. In 106 1982, a concerted effort was organized in Subcommittee No. 1 of the American National Standards 107 Committee C63 to determine how the technique could be improved. Evidence showed that the variability 108 was caused, in part, by the following inadequate processes: 109 Control of site reference ground plane conductivity, flatness, site enclosures, effects of surrounding 110 objects, and certain other site construction features 111 Accounting for antenna factors, associated cabling, and balun and device under test characteristics 1 Acronyms: ASA, American Standards Association; EEI, Edison Electric Institute; JAN, jJoint Army-Navy; NEMA, National Electrical Manufacturers Association; RMA, Radio Manufacturers Association. iv Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. IEEE P C63.4rev/D1.05, 30 April 2012 112 Consideration of mutual coupling effects between the device under test and the receiving antenna 113 and their images in the reference ground plane 114 Accordingly, ANSI C63.4 was further revised in 1988, and the standards ANSI C63.5, ANSI C63.6, and 115 ANSI C63.7 were prepared to provide additional information.