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Chad Tion in 2006 Deby removed constitutional term unrest and conflicts with neighboring trition rates above 20% during the hunger gap (a period of routine food limits and won the presidential elec- countries. This has left the country scarcity between harvests). Insufficient rainfall over the past two years has Country Case Study: Chad tion in 2006. That same year, the with poor infrastructure, an unstable exacerbated this crisis and now nearly two-thirds of households do not Sudanese and Chadian governments government and a dire humanitarian have sufficient amounts of food on a daily basis. A lack of arable land due to formally agreed not to support armed situation. Even though the country desertification, coupled with limited access to water and healthcare, has had rebel groups. Though signed, the has reaped the benefits of an oil boom devastating effects on malnutrition rates in the region. GEOGRAPHY & CLIMATE agreement did not eliminate violence since 2003, the mismanagement of Chad is the 5th largest country in Africa. Located in the north-central part of around the Chad-Sudan border. funds has led to widespread poverty. ACTION AGAINST HUNGER’S PRESENCE IN CHAD the continent, it is a landlocked country, sharing borders with Libya, Sudan, In 2010, Deby visited Khartoum, the In the past decade, Chad has become ACF launched its first program in Chad in 1982 to help re-introduce agri- Central African Republic, Cameroon, Nigeria and Niger. Three climate regions capital of Sudan, to meet with Presi- a safe haven for refugees fleeing from cultural production into the war-torn country. In 2004, ACF shifted efforts make up the majority of the country – a desert in the north, an arid region violence in neighboring countries. The to the eastern region of Chad to address the influx of Sudanese refugees. in the center, and a tropical area in the south. Lake Chad is located on the dent Bashir in hopes of ending the border conflict. Both governments United Nations High Commissioner Eventually, the program was expanded to address the vulnerability of local western border and is an important source of water for Chad and surrounding of Refugees (UNHCR) estimates that Chadian populations while maintaining support for the Sudanese refugee countries. agreed to deploy forces along the Chad-Sudan border to restore peace nearly 340,000 refugees from Sudan populations. In early 2010, ACF launched a nutritional program in western in the region. and Central African Republic are cur- Chad to address increasing malnutrition rates resulting from the lack of rain- MODERN HISTORY rently residing in Chad, with 12 refugee fall and the effects of increasing desertification. Chad has been in a state of almost constant war since its independence from Even amidst charges of election rig- camps functioning in the country. This France in 1960. Turmoil in the country is based on ethnic and religious differ- ging, fraud, ethnic favoritism and cor- influx of refugees, particularly along North-Eastern Chad water distribution systems • Construction of latrines ences provoked mainly by clan rivalries – the southern region is predominantly ruption regarding oil revenues, Deby the eastern border with Sudan, has • Monitor food distributions • Promotion of hygiene Christian farmers, while the northern and eastern regions are mainly Muslim. has remained in power for 20 years. created a great need for humanitar- in 6 refugee camps Fighting on the Chad-Sudan border ian assistance – for example, the • Evaluate humanitarian context in refu- Western Chad In 1965, a tax revolt initiated a long civil war between the Muslims in the north gee camps and address needs continues, but relations between the rapid population increase has caused • Intervene in emergencies to prevent and east and the government of Francois Tombalbaye in the south. Even with as they arise Sudanese and Chadian governments and treat malnutrition in children support from the French government, attempts to end the conflict failed until a communities surrounding the camps have evolved with the hopes of finally to suffer from decreased and contami- South-Eastern Chad • Strengthen capacity of 33 local nutri- military coup in 1975 installed General Felix Malloum, a southerner, as head of tion centers putting an end to the instability. Presi- nated water supplies. In addition to • Distribution of non-food kits state. By 1979, dissent within the government led northern Prime Minister His- • Perform nutritional surveys dential elections are scheduled to the refugees, the UNHCR estimates (plastic covers, blankets, water sene Habre to order an attack on the national army, and another civil war began. • Operate mobile nutritional units occur in May 2011. that 170,000 people have been dis- containers, soap) Ethnic rivalry within the government placed internally, fleeing the eastern • Distribution of vegetable seeds Sources: ACF, 2010; CIA World Factbook, 2010; • Installation and rehabilitation of BASIC FACTS eventually led to Habre’s downfall. In HUMANITARIAN SITUATION region due to violence and insecurity. UNHCR, 2010 1989, Idriss Deby, one of Habre’s lead- water points Since independence, Chad has suf- The western region of Chad fre- • Rehabilitation and enlargement of Location: Central Africa ing generals from eastern Chad, fled to fered from political instability, social quently suffers from acute malnu- President: Idriss Deby Darfur, Sudan, where he staged a series Government: Republic of attacks on Habre. In December 1990, Capital: N’Djamena Deby and the Patriotic Salvation Move- ment (MPS), with assistance from Libya, Official Languages: French and Arabic gained control of the Chadian govern- ment. Population: 10.3 million Climate: Tropical in south; In 2003, refugees from the Darfur region Desert in north of Sudan began crossing the border into Life Expectancy: 47.7 years Chad, and conflicts around the border in- Adult Literacy Rate: 25.7% tensified. Both governments accused the Area: 1.284 million sq. km other of harboring rebel units, and war between Chad and Sudan was officially Source: CIA World Factbook, 2010 declared in December 2005. RACE AGAINST HUNGER // PASSPORT Photos: ACF-Chad, S. Haustein Swan The Race Against Hunger Sponsor Form Libya $5 $15 $50 Can supply a lemon, banana, Will provide two under- Will provide the 30-day mango, or orange tree to a farm- nourished children with nutritional treatment ing family incorporating fresh supplementary foods for necessary to save the life fruit into their diets, preventing one month to prevent of a severely malnourished soil erosion and desertification. malnutrition and promote child in a therapeutic feed- healthy development. ing center. Niger Name of Participant: Teacher: CHAD Chad School Name: Date of Race: Pledge Per Lap/ Initial When Iriba Darfur Full Name Home Address Flat Donation Collected Guereda Abéché Sudan CHAD N’Djamena Nigeria Dogdoré TOTAL AMOUNT RAISED NAME Our Programs SCHOOL Water & Sanitation Please make checks out to Action Against Hunger. CLASS Nutrition Action Against Hunger is a not-for-profit, 501(c)(3) corporation that consistently receives top marks from rating agencies like the Better Business Bureau, Charity Navigator, The CITY, STATE American Institute of Philanthropy, and Guidestar. All contributions are tax-deductible to SPONSORSHIP GOAL the full extent of the law. To learn more about our programs and activities, please visit our website: www.actionagainsthunger.org www.actionagainsthunger.org/race Thank You For Your Support! RACE AGAINST HUNGER // PASSPORT.
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