DOCSLIB.ORG

Isolation, Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Conotoxin from Conus Figulinus Linnaeus (1758)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Isolation, Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Conotoxin from Conus Figulinus Linnaeus (1758) Indian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 8, July 2009, pp 266-271 Isolation, purification and biochemical characterization of conotoxin from Conus figulinus Linnaeus (1758) R Saravanan 1*, S Sambasivam 1, A Shanmugam 1, D Sathish Kumar 2, T Tamil Vanan 2 and R A Nazeer 3 1Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Paraingipettai 608 502, India 2Department of Biotechnology & 3School of Biotechnology, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, India Received 24 July 2008; revised 15 January 2009; accepted 22 March 2009 Cone snails are remarkable for the extent and diversity of gene-encoded peptide neurotoxins that are expressed in their venom apparatus. The protein content of the crude toxin extract of Conus figulinus Linneaus was found to be 1900 µg/mL. The crude extract (dilution up to 10 -5) expressed hemolytic activity. The crude extract subjected to gel filtration chromatography yielded 60 fractions; the fractions 7, 12 and 55 showed significant peaks at 280 nm. The fractionated toxin was then characterized by performing SDS-PAGE having the lower peptides ranging from 10 to 43 kDa; two lower peptides below 14 kDa have been identified. The total RNA and purified mRNA were characterized by Agarose gel electrophoresis and for total RNA two prominent bands of 18s and 28s were obtained of which 28s showed double intensity than the other. For mRNA a single band of 6000 base pairs was obtained. Keywords : Conus figulinus, cone snail, chymotrypsin, toxin, trypsin, total RNA, mRNA Introduction structural elucidation of individual components from The marine environment is an exceptional reservoir these venoms was started at the beginning of the of bioactive natural products, many of which exhibit 1980s. So far, major attention has been focused on the structural features not found in terrestrial natural mechanism of action of individual toxins from venom products. Research into the pharmacological of piscivorous Conidae such as C. geographus and properties of marine natural products has led to the C. magus 3. Cone snails take advantage of the discovery of many potentially active agents synergetic effects of different Conus peptides aiming considered worthy of clinical application 1. Natural at various targets to capture their preys efficiently. toxins have largely contributed to our understanding Two distinct phases of their prey are elicited by regarding the structural and functional characteristics different sets of Conus peptides (e.g., lightning strike of ion channels and, in this context, much information cabal and motor cabal). Such strategy of synergy has has been gained about the voltage-sensitive calcium been adopted in the treatment of diseases (different channels by using ω-conotoxin. This toxin is a small kinds of drugs with different pharmacological peptide present in the venom of the marine snail, efficiencies are often under combined administration C. geographus 2. in clinic) 4. The gastropod genus Conus contains several Conotoxins exhibit their poisonous effect by hundred species. They all possess more or less potent blocking specific ion channels of nerve cells. Their venom, which is used primarily in the capture of prey. channel specificity is quite remarkable. The According to their feeding habits, the various species specificity of conotoxins is due to their disulphide- can be classified as either piscivorous, molluscivorous bonding network and specific amino acids in inter or vermivorous. The venom apparatus of some cysteine loops. This specificity is one of the attributes species can also be used for defensive purposes and that make them valuable diagnostic tools in the human fatalities occasionally occur. The isolation and characterization of neural pathways, as therapeutic agents, in medicine and potentially as biodegradable ____ _________ toxic agents in agro-veterinary applications 5. Many *Author for correspondeice: Mobile: 09994071533 novel Conus active peptides have been characterized E-mail: [email protected] not only by chemicals but also by molecular biology SARAVANAN et al.: CONOTOXINS FROM CONUS FIGULINUS 267 approaches. Indeed, a great number of novel Conus et al method 9. The elution buffer was 50 m M peptides have been discovered over these years by Tris-HCl and the volumetric flow rate was 0.33 means of cDNA cloning 4. mL/min. Every 4 mL of the effluent obtained from gel Conotoxins are synthesized by cone shells from filtration was collected in a fraction. SDS-PAGE mRNA templates derived from toxin genes and analysis of proteins was carried out using 12.5% expressed in the venom ducts as precursor peptides. polyacrylamide gel at 120 V for 90 min. Solutions There are now numerous gene cloning techniques, for preparing 12.5% resolving gel included H 2O which can be used to isolate and characterize the (6.4 mL), 30% acrylamide mix (8.3 mL), 1.5 M Tris precursor molecules as a preclude for predicting the (pH 8.8, 5 mL), 10% SDS (0.2 mL), 10% ammonium composition of mature peptides 5. As discussed earlier, persulfate (0.1 mL), and N,N,N,N’- several of the conotoxins have entered human clinical tetramethylethylenediamine (0.008 mL). The gel trials or are in preclinical development stages; some separation was performed based on a suggested are even commercially available in the market. Hence protocol of Anderluh et al 10 . this paper describes the isolation, purification and biochemical characterization of toxins from Hemolytic Activity C. figulinus. The hemolytic activity of the fractionated toxin 11 was studied using the method of Lin et al . RBC Materials and Methods (1 mL of 1%) was taken in 12 tubes and serially The samples of Conus figulinus were collected diluted. The tubes were then incubated at 37°C for from Mudasalodai landing centre along the 30 min. For positive control 1 mL of RBC and 0.5 mL Parangipettai coast (Lat. 11° 29 ′; Long. 79° 46 ′ E) of distilled water was added to achieve 100% lysis. situated at the South East coast of India, Tamil Nadu. For negative control, 1 mL of RBC and 0.5 mL of PBS was added. After 30 min the tubes were Collection of Venom Duct centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 5 min. The hemoglobin The animals were aseptically transferred into a released was estimated by reading the absorbance of sterile room for dissection. The shell was broken with the supernatant at 420 nm. the help of a hammer and the venom duct was removed. The removed venom ducts were stored in Biochemical Characterization 25% ethanol and frozen at –80°C for further study 6. Trypsin and Chymotrypsin Assays Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory assays Isolation of Crude Extract were carried out following the method of Yakoby For the isolation of crude venom from and Raskin 12 . Trypsin, with a specific activity of C. fugilinus, homogenization buffer containing 50,500 U/mL, and α-chymotrypsin with a specific 50 m M Tris hydrochloride, 120 m M sodium chloride, activity of 51 U/mg proteins, were purchased from 5 m M potassium chloride, 1 m M magnesium chloride Sigma-Aldrich. Trypsin was used at a dilution of and 2 m M calcium chloride was used. Two fresh 3-5 U/mL, and chymotrypsin was used at 3-5 mU/mL. venom ducts were homogenized with 2 mL of buffer Dilutions were made with 50 m M citric acid buffer in a manual tissue homogenizer and sonicated three at pH 3 and 5 for trypsin and chymotrypsin, times for 50 sec/cycle (10 sec on, 20 sec off). During respectively, except for the last dilution (to 0.5 U/mL sonication the vessel was cooled with an ice bath. The or 0.5 mU/mL), which was made in 50 m M Tris-HCl mixture was centrifuged at 17,200 rpm for 10 min at (pH 8.0). All the experiments were started after 4°C. The supernatant (considered to be crude extract) 7 enzyme-dilutions. One unit of chymotrypsin was retained and stored at –20°C for further use . hydrolyzed 1.0 µmol of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl Protein Estimation ester (BTEE) per min at pH 7.8 at 25°C. One unit of The protein content of crude toxin was estimated trypsin hydrolyzed 1.0 µmol of N-α-benzoyl-L- by the method of Lowry et al 8 using BSA as a arginine ethyl ester (BAEE) per min at pH 7.6 standard. at 25°C. Purification and SDS-PAGE Analysis Isolation and Estimation of Total RNA Content The crude toxin was purified on a 5×90 cm column The total RNA was isolated using Chomoczynkski of Sephadex G-25 (Sigma) adopting Cruz and Sacchi method 13 and studied through agarose gel 268 INDIAN J BIOTECHNOL, JULY 2009 electrophoresis. 100 mg of venom bulb was bromophenol blue reached 2 cm from the bottom of homogenized in 1.5 mL of denaturing solution. 1 mL the gel. of phenol and 200 µL of freshly prepared chloroform- isoamyl alcohol (49:1) was added to the homogenized Results sample and mixed thoroughly and then incubated The protein content of the crude toxin extract was in ice for 15 min. The mixture was centrifuged at found to be 1900 µg/mL. 10,000 rpm for 20 min at 4°C. Upper aqueous phase was transferred carefully to another tube. RNA Partial Purification of Toxin Out of the 60 fractions, 3 fractions showed precipitate obtained by adding 1 mL of 100% maximum absorbance at 280 nm. The hemolytic isopropanol was incubated at –20°C for 30 min. After activity of all the 3 fractions was detected up to 10 -5 incubation the sample was again centrifuged at dilution against human RBC. The toxins in these 10,000 rpm for 20 min at 4°C. The supernatant was peaks were named conotoxins 7, 12 and 55 in the discarded and the pellet was resuspended in 0.3 mL of order of elution.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cone Snail Case
    Cone Snail case Cone snail molecular phylogeny Cone snail video Snail Venom Yields Potent Painkiller, But Delivering The Drug Is Tricky Updated August 4, 201510:52 AM ETPublished August 3, 20153:30 PM ET http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/08/03/428990755/snail-venom- yields-potent-painkiller-but-delivering-the-drug-is-tricky Magician’s cone (Conus magus) The magician’s cone, Conus magus, is a fish-hunting, or piscivorous cone snail found in the Western Pacific. It is so common in some of small Pacific islands, especially in the Philippines, that it is routinely sold in the market as food. The magician’s cone attacks its fish prey by sticking out its light yellowish proboscis, from which venom is pushed through a harpoon-like tooth. It hunts by the hook-and-line method and so will engulf its prey after it has been paralyzed. To learn more about hook-and-line hunters, click here. Scientists have analyzed the venom of the magician’s cone and one of its venom components was discovered to have a unique pharmacological activity by blocking a specific calcium channel (N-type). After this venom component was isolated and characterized in a laboratory, researchers realized that it had potential medical application. By blocking N-type calcium channels, the venom blocks channels that when open convey pain from nerve cells. If this is blocked, the brain cannot perceive these pain signals. It was developed as a pain management drug, and is now chemically synthesized and sold under the trade name Prialt. This drug is given to patients who have very severe pain that is not alliviated by morphine.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hawaiian Species of Conus (Mollusca: Gastropoda)1
    The Hawaiian Species of Conus (Mollusca: Gastropoda) 1 ALAN J. KOHN2 IN THECOURSE OF a comparative ecological currents are factors which could plausibly study of gastropod mollus ks of the genus effect the isolation necessary for geographic Conus in Hawaii (Ko hn, 1959), some 2,400 speciation . specimens of 25 species were examined. Un­ Of the 33 species of Conus considered in certainty ofthe correct names to be applied to this paper to be valid constituents of the some of these species prompted the taxo­ Hawaiian fauna, about 20 occur in shallow nomic study reported here. Many workers water on marine benches and coral reefs and have contributed to the systematics of the in bays. Of these, only one species, C. ab­ genus Conus; nevertheless, both nomencla­ breviatusReeve, is considered to be endemic to torial and biological questions have persisted the Hawaiian archipelago . Less is known of concerning the correct names of a number of the species more characteristic of deeper water species that occur in the Hawaiian archi­ habitats. Some, known at present only from pelago, here considered to extend from Kure dredging? about the Hawaiian Islands, may (Ocean) Island (28.25° N. , 178.26° W.) to the in the future prove to occur elsewhere as island of Hawaii (20.00° N. , 155.30° W.). well, when adequate sampling methods are extended to other parts of the Indo-West FAUNAL AFFINITY Pacific region. As is characteristic of the marine fauna of ECOLOGY the Hawaiian Islands, the affinities of Conus are with the Indo-Pacific center of distribu­ Since the ecology of Conus has been dis­ tion .
    [Show full text]
  • Xoimi AMERICAN COXCIIOLOGY
    S31ITnS0NIAN MISCEllANEOUS COLLECTIOXS. BIBLIOGIIAPHY XOimi AMERICAN COXCIIOLOGY TREVIOUS TO THE YEAR 18G0. PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BY . W. G. BINNEY. PART II. FOKEIGN AUTHORS. WASHINGTON: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. JUNE, 1864. : ADYERTISEMENT, The first part of the Bibliography of American Conchology, prepared for the Smithsonian Institution by Mr. Binuey, was published in March, 1863, and embraced the references to de- scriptions of shells by American authors. The second part of the same work is herewith presented to the public, and relates to species of North American shells referred to by European authors. In foreign works binomial authors alone have been quoted, and no species mentioned which is not referred to North America or some specified locality of it. The third part (in an advanced stage of preparation) will in- clude the General Index of Authors, the Index of Generic and Specific names, and a History of American Conchology, together with any additional references belonging to Part I and II, that may be met with. JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary S. I. Washington, June, 1864. (" ) PHILADELPHIA COLLINS, PRINTER. CO]^TENTS. Advertisement ii 4 PART II.—FOREIGN AUTHORS. Titles of Works and Articles published by Foreign Authors . 1 Appendix II to Part I, Section A 271 Appendix III to Part I, Section C 281 287 Appendix IV .......... • Index of Authors in Part II 295 Errata ' 306 (iii ) PART II. FOEEIGN AUTHORS. ( V ) BIBLIOGRxVPHY NOETH AMERICAN CONCHOLOGY. PART II. Pllipps.—A Voyage towards the North Pole, &c. : by CON- STANTiNE John Phipps. Loudou, ITTJc. Pa. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF [part II. FaliricillS.—Fauna Grcenlandica—systematice sistens ani- malia GrcEulandite occidentalis liactenus iudagata, &c., secun dum proprias observatioues Othonis Fabricii.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Marine Gastropods Around Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS), West Coast of India Ambekar AA1*, Priti Kubal1, Sivaperumal P2 and Chandra Prakash1
    www.symbiosisonline.org Symbiosis www.symbiosisonlinepublishing.com ISSN Online: 2475-4706 Research Article International Journal of Marine Biology and Research Open Access Checklist of Marine Gastropods around Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS), West Coast of India Ambekar AA1*, Priti Kubal1, Sivaperumal P2 and Chandra Prakash1 1ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai - 400061 2Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603 203 Received: July 30, 2018; Accepted: August 10, 2018; Published: September 04, 2018 *Corresponding author: Ambekar AA, Senior Research Fellow, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Off Yari Road, Versova, Andheri West, Mumbai-400061, Maharashtra, India, E-mail: [email protected] The change in spatial scale often supposed to alter the Abstract The present study was carried out to assess the marine gastropods checklist around ecologically importance area of Tarapur atomic diversity pattern, in the sense that an increased in scale could power station intertidal area. In three tidal zone areas, quadrate provide more resources to species and that promote an increased sampling method was adopted and the intertidal marine gastropods arein diversity interlinks [9]. for Inthe case study of invertebratesof morphological the secondand ecological largest group on earth is Mollusc [7]. Intertidal molluscan communities parameters of water and sediments are also done. A total of 51 were collected and identified up to species level. Physico chemical convergence between geographically and temporally isolated family dominant it composed 20% followed by Neritidae (12%), intertidal gastropods species were identified; among them Muricidae communities [13].
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeography of Coral Reef Shore Gastropods in the Philippines
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274311543 Biogeography of Coral Reef Shore Gastropods in the Philippines Thesis · April 2004 CITATIONS READS 0 100 1 author: Benjamin Vallejo University of the Philippines Diliman 28 PUBLICATIONS 88 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: History of Philippine Science in the colonial period View project Available from: Benjamin Vallejo Retrieved on: 10 November 2016 Biogeography of Coral Reef Shore Gastropods in the Philippines Thesis submitted by Benjamin VALLEJO, JR, B.Sc (UPV, Philippines), M.Sc. (UPD, Philippines) in September 2003 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Marine Biology within the School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture James Cook University ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to describe the distribution of coral reef and shore gastropods in the Philippines, using the species rich taxa, Nerita, Clypeomorus, Muricidae, Littorinidae, Conus and Oliva. These taxa represent the major gastropod groups in the intertidal and shallow water ecosystems of the Philippines. This distribution is described with reference to the McManus (1985) basin isolation hypothesis of species diversity in Southeast Asia. I examine species-area relationships, range sizes and shapes, major ecological factors that may affect these relationships and ranges, and a phylogeny of one taxon. Range shape and orientation is largely determined by geography. Large ranges are typical of mid-intertidal herbivorous species. Triangualar shaped or narrow ranges are typical of carnivorous taxa. Narrow, overlapping distributions are more common in the central Philippines. The frequency of range sizesin the Philippines has the right skew typical of tropical high diversity systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Auckland Shell Club Auction Lot List - 24 October 2015 Albany Hall
    Auckland Shell Club Auction Lot List - 24 October 2015 Albany Hall. Setup from 9am. Viewing from 10am. Auction starts at noon. Lot Type Reserve 1 WW Many SMALL CYPRAEIDAE including the rare Rosaria caputdraconis from Easter Is. Mauritian scurra from Somalia, Cypraea eburnea white from from, New Caledonia, Cypraea chinensis from Solomon Is Lyncina sulcidentata from Hawaii and heaps more. 2 WW Many CONIDAE including rare Conus queenslandis (not perfect!) Conus teramachii, beautiful Conus trigonis, Conus ammiralis, all from Australia, Conus aulicus, Conus circumcisus, Conus gubernator, Conus generalis, Conus bullatus, Conus distans, and many more. 3 WW BIVALVES: Many specials including Large Pearl Oyster Pinctada margaritifera, Chlamys sowerbyi, Glycymeris gigantea, Macrocallista nimbosa, Pecten glaber, Amusiium pleuronectes, Pecten pullium, Zygochlamys delicatula, and heaps more. 4 WW VOLUTIDAE: Rare Teramachia johnsoni, Rare Cymbiolacca thatcheri, Livonia roadnightae, Zidona dufresnei, Lyria kurodai, Cymbiola rutila, Cymbium olia, Pulchra woolacottae, Cymbiola pulchra peristicta, Athleta studeri, Amoria undulata, Cymbiola nivosa. 5 WW MIXTURE Rare Campanile symbolium, Livonia roadnightae, Chlamys australis, Distorsio anus, Bulluta bullata, Penion maximus, Matra incompta, Conus imperialis, Ancilla glabrata, Strombus aurisdianae, Fusinus brasiliensis, Columbarium harrisae, Mauritia mauritana, and heaps and heaps more! 6 WW CYPRAEIDAE: 12 stunning shells including Trona stercoraria, Cypraea cervus, Makuritia eglantrine f. grisouridens, Cypraea
    [Show full text]
  • Radular Morphology of Conus (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Conidae) from India
    Molluscan Research 27(3): 111–122 ISSN 1323-5818 http://www.mapress.com/mr/ Magnolia Press Radular morphology of Conus (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Conidae) from India J. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, 1, 3 S. ANTONY FERNANDO, 1 B. A. CHALKE, 2 K. S. KRISHNAN. 2, 3* 1.Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai-608 502, Cuddalore, Tamilnadu, India. 2.Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai-400 005, India. 3.National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Old Bellary Road, Bangalore-560 065, India.* Corresponding author E-mail: (K. S. Krishnan): [email protected]. Abstract Radular morphologies of 22 species of the genus Conus from Indian coastal waters were analyzed by optical and scanning elec- tron microscopy. Although the majority of species in the present study are vermivorous, all three feeding modes known to occur in the genus are represented. Specific radular-tooth structures consistently define feeding modes. Species showing simi- lar feeding modes also show fine differences in radular structures. We propose that these structures will be of value in species identification in cases of ambiguity in other characteristics. Examination of eight discrete radular-tooth components has allowed us to classify the studied species of Conus into three groups. We see much greater inter-specific differences amongst vermivorous than amongst molluscivorous and piscivorous species. We have used these differences to provide a formula for species identification. The radular teeth of Conus araneosus, C. augur, C. bayani, C. biliosus, C. hyaena, C. lentiginosus, C. loroisii, and C. malacanus are illustrated for the first time. In a few cases our study has also enabled the correction of some erroneous descriptions in the literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Caenogastropoda
    13 Caenogastropoda Winston F. Ponder, Donald J. Colgan, John M. Healy, Alexander Nützel, Luiz R. L. Simone, and Ellen E. Strong Caenogastropods comprise about 60% of living Many caenogastropods are well-known gastropod species and include a large number marine snails and include the Littorinidae (peri- of ecologically and commercially important winkles), Cypraeidae (cowries), Cerithiidae (creep- marine families. They have undergone an ers), Calyptraeidae (slipper limpets), Tonnidae extraordinary adaptive radiation, resulting in (tuns), Cassidae (helmet shells), Ranellidae (tri- considerable morphological, ecological, physi- tons), Strombidae (strombs), Naticidae (moon ological, and behavioral diversity. There is a snails), Muricidae (rock shells, oyster drills, etc.), wide array of often convergent shell morpholo- Volutidae (balers, etc.), Mitridae (miters), Buccin- gies (Figure 13.1), with the typically coiled shell idae (whelks), Terebridae (augers), and Conidae being tall-spired to globose or fl attened, with (cones). There are also well-known freshwater some uncoiled or limpet-like and others with families such as the Viviparidae, Thiaridae, and the shells reduced or, rarely, lost. There are Hydrobiidae and a few terrestrial groups, nota- also considerable modifi cations to the head- bly the Cyclophoroidea. foot and mantle through the group (Figure 13.2) Although there are no reliable estimates and major dietary specializations. It is our aim of named species, living caenogastropods are in this chapter to review the phylogeny of this one of the most diverse metazoan clades. Most group, with emphasis on the areas of expertise families are marine, and many (e.g., Strombidae, of the authors. Cypraeidae, Ovulidae, Cerithiopsidae, Triphori- The fi rst records of undisputed caenogastro- dae, Olividae, Mitridae, Costellariidae, Tereb- pods are from the middle and upper Paleozoic, ridae, Turridae, Conidae) have large numbers and there were signifi cant radiations during the of tropical taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • Check List and Occurrence of Marine Gastropoda Along the Palk Bay Region, Southeast Coast of India
    Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Advances in Applied Science Research, 2013, 4(1): 195-199 ISSN: 0976-8610 CODEN (USA): AASRFC Check list and occurrence of marine gastropoda along the palk bay region, southeast coast of India Elaiyaraja C, Rajasekaran R* and Sekar V. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, India _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The marine biodiversity of the southeast coast of India is rich and much of the world’s wealth of biodiversity is found in highly diverse coastal habitats. A present study was carried out on marine gastropod accessibility among Palk Bay region of Tamilnadu coastline to identify, quantify and assess the shell resources potential for development of a small-scale shell industry. A large collection of marine gastropod was made among the coastal line of Mallipattinam and Kottaipattinam found 61 species (25 families) of marine gastropods over a 12 months period from Aug- 2011 to July- 2012. A totally of 61 species belonging to 55 species of 40 genera were recorded at station 1 and 56 species belonging to 41 genera were identified at station 2. Most of the species were common in both landings centre with slight differences but some species like Turritella duplicate, Strombus canarium, Cyprae onyxadusta, Marginella angustata, and Harpa major were available in station 1 not available in station 2. The present study revealed that the occurrence of marine gastropods species along the Palk Bay region of Tamilnadu coastline. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION Though marine science has established much attention in Tamilnadu coastline in the recent years, marine mollusks studies are still overseen by many researchers.
    [Show full text]
  • A Question of Rank: DNA Sequences and Radula Characters Reveal a New Genus of Cone Snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) Nicolas Puillandre, Manuel Tenorio
    A question of rank: DNA sequences and radula characters reveal a new genus of cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) Nicolas Puillandre, Manuel Tenorio To cite this version: Nicolas Puillandre, Manuel Tenorio. A question of rank: DNA sequences and radula characters reveal a new genus of cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae). Journal of Molluscan Studies, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2017, 83 (2), pp.200-210. 10.1093/mollus/eyx011. hal-02458222 HAL Id: hal-02458222 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02458222 Submitted on 28 Jan 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 A matter of rank: DNA sequences and radula characters reveal a new genus of cone snails 2 (Gastropoda: Conidae) 3 4 Nicolas Puillandre1* & Manuel J. Tenorio2 5 6 7 1 Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité ISYEB – UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, 8 UPMC, EPHE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 43 rue Cuvier, 9 CP26, F-75005, Paris, France. 10 2 Dept. CMIM y Química Inorgánica – Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de 11 Ciencias, Torre Norte, 1ª Planta, Universidad de Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain. 12 13 Running title: PYGMAECONUS, A NEW GENUS OF CONE SNAIL 14 * Corresponding author: Nicolas Puillandre, e-mail: [email protected] 15 ABSTRACT 16 Molecular phylogenies of cone snails revealed that the c.a.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of National Seminar on Biodiversity And
    BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION OF COASTAL AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS OF INDIA (2012) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Patrons: 1. Hindi VidyaPracharSamiti, Ghatkopar, Mumbai 2. Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) 3. Association of Teachers in Biological Sciences (ATBS) 4. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) 5. Mangroves for the Future (MFF) Advisory Committee for the Conference 1. Dr. S. M. Karmarkar, President, ATBS and Hon. Dir., C B Patel Research Institute, Mumbai 2. Dr. Sharad Chaphekar, Prof. Emeritus, Univ. of Mumbai 3. Dr. Asad Rehmani, Director, BNHS, Mumbi 4. Dr. A. M. Bhagwat, Director, C B Patel Research Centre, Mumbai 5. Dr. Naresh Chandra, Pro-V. C., University of Mumbai 6. Dr. R. S. Hande. Director, BCUD, University of Mumbai 7. Dr. Madhuri Pejaver, Dean, Faculty of Science, University of Mumbai 8. Dr. Vinay Deshmukh, Sr. Scientist, CMFRI, Mumbai 9. Dr. Vinayak Dalvie, Chairman, BoS in Zoology, University of Mumbai 10. Dr. Sasikumar Menon, Dy. Dir., Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Centre, Mumbai 11. Dr, Sanjay Deshmukh, Head, Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai 12. Dr. S. T. Ingale, Vice-Principal, R. J. College, Ghatkopar 13. Dr. Rekha Vartak, Head, Biology Cell, HBCSE, Mumbai 14. Dr. S. S. Barve, Head, Dept. of Botany, Vaze College, Mumbai 15. Dr. Satish Bhalerao, Head, Dept. of Botany, Wilson College Organizing Committee 1. Convenor- Dr. Usha Mukundan, Principal, R. J. College 2. Co-convenor- Deepak Apte, Dy. Director, BNHS 3. Organizing Secretary- Dr. Purushottam Kale, Head, Dept. of Zoology, R. J. College 4. Treasurer- Prof. Pravin Nayak 5. Members- Dr. S. T. Ingale Dr. Himanshu Dawda Dr. Mrinalini Date Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cone Collector N°20
    7+( &21( &2//(&725 -XQH 7+( 1RWHIURP &21( WKH(GLWRU &2//(&725 Dear friends, (GLWRU With the help of divers hands – and the help of the hands of António Monteiro divers, if you will pardon the wordplay – we have put together what I honestly believe is another great issue of TCC. /D\RXW André Poremski As always, we tried to include something for everyone and you &RQWULEXWRUV will find in this number everything from fossil Cones, to re- Willy van Damme ports of recent collecting trips, to photos of spectacular speci- Remy Devorsine mens, to news of new descriptions recently published, among Pierre Escoubas other articles of, I am sure, great interest! Felix Lorenz Carlos Gonçalves You will notice that we do not have the “Who’s Who in Cones” Jana Kratzsch section this time. That is entirely my fault, as I simply failed to Rick McCarthy invite a new collector to send in a short bio for it. The truth is, Edward J. Petuch Philippe Quiquandon several of us have been rather busy with a lot of details concern- Jon F. Singleton ing the 2nd International Cone Meeting, to be held at La Ro- David Touitou chelle (France) later this year – you can read much more about John K. Tucker it in the following pages! I hope to see many of you there, so that we can make a big success of this exciting event! So, without further ado, tuck into what we selected for you and enjoy! A.M. 2QWKH&RYHU Conus victoriae on eggs, Cape Missiessy, Australia.
    [Show full text]