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Fundamentals of Computer Studies

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Fundamentals of Computer Studies See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258339295 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER STUDIES Book · November 2013 CITATIONS READS 0 428,735 1 author: Jeleel Adekunle ADEBISI University of Ilorin 47 PUBLICATIONS 52 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Computer knowledge View project Wastes Recycling: Materials Scientists Approach View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jeleel Adekunle ADEBISI on 21 May 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. EXPERT SOLUTION CONSULTS (ESC) FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER STUDIES Computer Training Expert Solution Consults Fundamentals of Computer Studies TABLES OF CONTENTS TABLES OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................................................. II AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE .......................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 USES OF COMPUTERS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 HISTORY OF COMPUTING....................................................................................................................................................................... 2 GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 First Generation - 1940-1956: Vacuum Tubes....................................................................................................................................... 3 Second Generation - 1956-1963: Transistors......................................................................................................................................... 3 Third Generation - 1964-1971: Integrated Circuits............................................................................................................................... 3 Fourth Generation - 1971-Present: Microprocessors ........................................................................................................................... 3 Fifth Generation - Present and Beyond: Artificial Intelligence ............................................................................................................ 4 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 DIFFERENT PARTS OF A COMPUTER AND THEIR USES............................................................................................................... 4 The monitor............................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 The system box or computer console....................................................................................................................................................... 5 The keyboard (Pressing) .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 The Mouse (Clicking and Dragging)....................................................................................................................................................... 6 The Peripherals......................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Disk Size Conversion Chart (Bits, Bytes, Kilobytes, Megabytes and Gigabytes)................................................................................. 8 TYPES OF COMPUTERS.............................................................................................................................................................................. 8 ANATOMY OF COMPUTER SYSTEM ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 COMPUTER HARDWARE......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)............................................................................................................................................ 9 INPUT DEVICES........................................................................................................................................................................................10 OUTPUT DEVICES....................................................................................................................................................................................11 STORAGE DEVICES.................................................................................................................................................................................11 SYSTEM MEMORY...................................................................................................................................................................................11 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS ..................................................................................................................................................................12 COMPUTER SOFTWARE ..........................................................................................................................................................................12 SYSTEM SOFTWARE...............................................................................................................................................................................12 OPERATING SYSTEM.....................................................................................................................................................................................13 Function of the OS..................................................................................................................................................................................14 Classification of OS................................................................................................................................................................................14 The Difference between Windows &Macs ............................................................................................................................................14 UTILITY SOFTWARE......................................................................................................................................................................................14 APPLICATION SOFTWARE....................................................................................................................................................................15 CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ACCORDING TO SIZE ........................................................................................................15 COMPUTER VIRUSES AND SECURITY................................................................................................................................................16 COMPUTER VIRUSES..............................................................................................................................................................................16 TYPES OF VIRUSES .......................................................................................................................................................................................16 HOW VIRUSES ARE SPREAD .........................................................................................................................................................................17 PREVENTION OF COMPUTER VIRUS .............................................................................................................................................................17 VIRUS DETECTION........................................................................................................................................................................................18 COMPUTER SECURITY...........................................................................................................................................................................18 BASIC COMPUTER MAINTENANCE ....................................................................................................................................................19 MAINTENANCE........................................................................................................................................................................................19 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE........................................................................................................................................................................19
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