THE PEOPL’E’S VOICE

VolumeV Number 2 Universityof California,San Diego March 1982 IIII I I I Budget Cuts put the Squeeze On A Time To Prepare

by Robyn Broughton These reports have prompted an are filed and if the necessary the federal government will investigation by the UCSD informationis completed.This garnisheetax returnsto obtain FACT: Studentswho cannotafford RegistrationFee Committeeinto the necessitatesthat we getour financial paymentfor theseloans. We mustbe basicnecessities (i.e., rent, food, management of SFS. This aid information in as soon as carefulin acceptingloans so as to clothing),cannot afford to be possibleto insurereceiving some preventfalling into a spiralof debts students. investigationis presently underway. formof aid.Applicants should have oncewe graduate. FACT:By 1984,students dependent The People’s Voice talked with theirfiles completed no laterthan on governmentmonies alone will not Thomas Rutter, the director of The numberof studentsapplying StudentFinancial Services, to get April I, even though the final be ableto affordbasic necessities. forfinancial aid is increasingalong some clarityon the financialaid deadlineis notuntil July l. withthe highercosts of education. FACT: It is estimatedthat more pictureat UCSD. Thetype of awardsgiven will be of The Reagan Administration, than70% of the Blackstudents here While there are still some a lowerquality but of equalquantity, however,is benton cuttingstudents at UCSD are receivingsome form of unanswered questions over the meaningstudents will probablybe downto size. financialaid moniesto providefor managementof SFS,there are plans offeredmore loans, and there will be theirbasic living expenses. Targetedfor fundingelimination loomingin Congresswhich threaten increasesdistributed among the in Reagans1983 proposal are mostof Tlaedevasting impact of recent to sweepstudents under the budget expected parental and student the forms of financialaid that changesand proposedchanges in cuttingcarpet. The reality is thatfor contribution.In the 1982-83fiscal students have relied upon for federalassistance to post-secondary whateverreason, there will not be year,students will be requiredto take supportand survival at universities educationmake it crucialthat we enough money to fund needy out a Guaranteed Student and colleges.This legislation, if increase our knowledge of the students. Loan (GSL),repayment begining six passed,represents a cut of more workingsof financialaid. months after graduation at an In talkingto Rutter,TPV learned than$2 billionin federalaid for interestrate of 9%. In theJanuary 4th issueof thenew thatapplications forfinancial aid are highereducation. indicator,recent budget cuts were catagorizedon a time scheduleas Although loans do provide a lhis proposal would require attributedto mismanagementwithin eitherbeing "late" or "on time."in sourceof financing,they are the least undergraduatestudents to pay a 10 UCSD’s Student Financial th’efuture, they will be prioritized desirableform of aid. They cannot percentfee to securea GSL loanand Services(SFS) administration. accordingto when the applications be erasedby filingbankruptcy, and continuedon page 14

January 15, 1982: A Day to Remember by Alma Key under$30,000 would be ableto pay It was slated as a day of the GSL betterthan theywould the celebration,but the atmospherewas NDSL.The financialrisk wouldbe not one of a celebration.Positive, less, Knight claimed.A student consciousraising, and thought responded,that it seemedthe risk provokingwould best describethe wouldbe evenless if peoplewith a activitiesin the NorthConference higher income were allowed to Room on Friday,January 15, 1982. acquire these loans. Knight That date was the fifty-third responded’that people who made anniversaryof the birth of Dr. abovethe $30,000could get the loan Martin Luther King, Jr. With if theyshowed need but the cap was DeniseLong serving as the Mistress justa safeguardso thatthe son of J, of Ceremonies,the programbegan at PaulGetty or Gene Klinewould not about l:15pm. be ableto takeout the loan any more. Interestedstudents listen intently to speakers at the Martin L. King A short Welcome Address was celebration Afterthe paneldiscussion, there givenby AlmaKey, former President Programaegan by mentioningthe very importantto students.At one was a break during which time of the BlackStudents" Union(BSU), financialopportunities that are still point,vigorous discussion occurred refreshmentswere served. Upon which was proceededby a dynamic availableto students despite all of the when Knightencouraged students to reconvening,Regina Anderson, poetryreading recited by Stephani¢ cuts that have occuredbecause of try to be objectivewhen reviewing Robin Phillips, and Kathy Muldrow,1981-82 Historian for the Reaganomics. Susan F.orney, casessuch as the,one concerningthe Washington,members of the trio BSU. The selected poem was Counselor in the UCSD Business strictcriterion placed upon incomes group Heaven’s Connection, entitled,"Black People," written by Officeinformed students of exactly for the GuaranteedStudent Loan. renderedtwo selections, one entitled DarylEllis, former Vice-President of whatto expectas a resultof those Knightsaid that the $30,000income "The Stormis PassingOver," which the BSU. This was followedby a cuts.Mrs. Forneyspoke of program capwas a logicallimit because those was inspirational and quite panel discussionon The Economic and process changes for the aboveit arenot in as touch,need of appropriatefor the occasion. Crisisin BlackLife. The discussion upcomingacademic year and warned the GSL as thosebelow the limitand The keynote speaker, Sondra was led by panelistsNorman Knight studentsof theirpossible pitfalls. sinceit haslower interest rates than. O’Neal,visiting professor in the and Susan Forney. Knight, the Much discussion came from the for example,the NationalDirect continuedon page 14 Directorof the UCSD Partnership audienceas this wholearea was/is StudentsLoan (NDSL).then people 2 3" COMMENTAR Y NA TIONA L NEWS

HAITIAN necessarycushion of comfortin REFUGEES: harnessingand channelingour oft exampleof sucha problemwould be ILLEGAL ALIENS? A CALL FOR UNITY times unexpressedanxieties and in the case of rising student questionis as follows;for power first needfor complementaryrelations. by Ken Overton by Kevin Brooks registrationfees. As an alternativeto Jackson said, "we found very and foremost.Secondly, such an haphazardlyrioting, dropping out of Finally,the call for unification at There has been much news inhumaneconditions. The stenchis entitywould serve as a sourceof At this juncturein Americathe schooland/or protesting, we could this university,if for no other coverageover the plightof Haitian repulsive. Men and women are collectivedecision making. Thirdly, inevitablecall and untriedsolution haveseveral fundraising activities reasons, would assure certain refugeeswhom havefled conditions separated.Husbands and wives are for the purpose of providinga to Black people’s unfortunate that wouldbe for the purposeof advantages to be derived from of extremepoverty and dangerin separated.Some of the men said supportgroup. Fourthly, it could conditionboth here and abroadis acquiringmonies to be putaside for sharingacademic experiences and Haitiby ridingon thehigh seas to the theirwives are in Virginia.Some of serveas a way of assuringacademic unity.The conditionto which1 am studentshaving problems paying for developingthe type of decision coast of Florida. The story of the men cried.There is no planned skillsand success.Lastly, a unified referringis one that reflects the total suchfinancial increases. This money makingskills that all of us must Haitianswashing upon the shoresof activity."Jackson also pointedto associationof this sort would turmoilof overfour hundred years of wouldbe for thosestudents in good developin orderto be successfulas residentshomes in Miami brought the racistdual natureof American providethe experiences,skills and covertand overtracism faced by standing,according to the criteria individualsand as a peoplein the nationalattention to thesituation. immigrationpolicy when he stated senseof unitythat will be requiredof Blacksin all formsand fashions.In whichwe as a collectivewhole decide future.We could structurestudy Now more than 2,000 of these that America has no problems us as futureleaders,servants of our Haitianrefugee battered by guardsat detentioncamp my opinion,it is by designthat we as upon. Must i say that such a groupsdesigned to tap in on each refugeesremain locked up in one of welcomingPolish refugees but when America’spolicy play to make the people and role models in the Therehave been different forms of a peopleare stillsubjected to that measure would be putting our other’sexpertise. We couldinform seventeendifferent detention centers it comesto the blackrefugees from treatmentof the Haitiansso harsh reconstructionof a worldrevolving protestwithin the campson the part sameracism in 1982,and are forced educationalsecurity, to a greater eachother on a collectivebasis which in the UnitedStates..Their status as Haiti,it is a differentstory. of the refugees.Last December, 600 thatthey will not want to cometo the to struggleon allfronts for the basic aroundour beauty. extent,in our own hands., coursesat thisinstitution would best illegal immigrants is part of Members of the Congressional of the Haitians in the Krome United States’ shores anymore. needsthat are systematically denied Unification at UCSD among America’spolicy of discouragingthe In accordancewith all the other applyto our particularwants and BlackCaucus have also tried to bring detention camp staged a hunger In order to understand why to us;(i.e., food, clothing, education, Blackswould serve as a sourceof Haitiansand making them return aforementionedbenefits of unity needswithout alienating us. Suchan attentionto the inhumanetreatment strike.The hungerstrike reportedly Haitianpeople risk theirlives economicsecurity, defense as a power.This powercould be utilzed suchan entitywould be a sourceof attemptto do all the thingsthat I and stay in economicallydepressed of the Haitians.They have met with ended one day after about 300 comingto America,we must look at peopleand manyother necessities). in many ways, such as for the Haiti,it is a countrywhich has support.I am certainthat many havehereby discussed, in actuality, the Chairmanof the HouseJudiciary Haitiansstormed the frontgate of the conditionsthey face in their mobilizationof students in a friendlyrelations with America As a fellow student of those wouldagree that we are in needof wouldprovide us with the type ot Committeeto set up an official the centergiving supportto the homeland.Haiti is the poorest protestingmanner against unjust attendingthis university, and a Black thissort of a cohesiverelationship at skillsthat are requiredfor saving, because of its pro-American investigation of the U.S. demandsfor freeingthose detained nationin the WesternHemishpere. policies,and concerning matters that man livingin America,! plan to UCSD. Such an intimate giving,and sustaining life for Black governmentalpolicies. These Immigrationand Naturalization throughout the country.During this It is partof theCaribbean Island of mighthave a profoundeffect on our addressthe need for unityamong relationshipcould,and, ! believe, people. detentioncenters receivedmuch Service,which is responsiblefor the demonstrationover 100 refugeess Hispaniola,which it shareswith the Black students attending this existenceat thisunversity and in the criticismfor their treatment of the. would fostera senseof oneness, It is my opinionthat if we canput detentionof the refugees.Black were able to escapeover the high Dominican Republic. It has a institutionof higherlearning. I world. Haitirefugees. triumph, and understandingof aside our trivial, tribalistic Caucus Chairman Wallace barb wire topped fence. More populationof 6 millionpeople and realizemany may still ask in lightof In addition,such a unifiedentity ourselvesand our futurestruggles in differencesindoctrinated in us by Rev. Jesse Jackson,who toured Fauntroy(D-DC)was angeredby the recentlythere have beenreports of unemploymentexceeds 50 per cent. whathas beenalready asserted why coulddevelop alternative reactions conditionsat the Florida camp increasedphysical abuse against the thissociety. Coming together in joy, continuedon page 14 the KromeAvenue detention center The averageannual income is $275 we as studentsshould unify at this and solutionsto problemswe might pain, and love would providethe which is 18 miles west of Miami, which he denouncedas "harshand Haitiansin thesecamps. All of these university.My ez~planationto this be facedwith at thisinstitution. An denouncedthe camp for its harsh racist." bad conditions are a part of continuedon page 14 THE PEOPLE’S VOICE treatmentof the refugees.Rev. WAKE UP EVERYBODY Volume V Number 2 March 1982 JURY FINDS WILLIAMS GUILTY!!!! CONTENTS By Ken Overton by Walter Sandford programs targeted for fundimz becomingincreasingly difficult, if UCSD COMM UNITY NE WS-- Pages 4&5 Presiding over the case was including10 year-oldDarren Glass, eliminationare: the Supplemental not impossible,to finance our matchingfibers found on the victim’s REPORTS: MUSIC & SuperiorCourt Judge ClarenceB. who vanishedin Septemberand has TheReagan Administration is at it EducationalOpportunity Program education.Something must be done LITERATURE Page 6 bodies with those carpet and again.A billhas recently been sent to The Funk Cooper,who had had less than one notbeen found. The list includes two ($278million), the NationalDirect to openthe ReaganAdministration’s bedspreadfibers and doghairstaken Congressthat seeks to cutmore than Maya Angelou yearexperience in the highercourt girls,and until the last six all of the Student Loan (NDSL) program eyesto thedamage that is beingdone REPORTS: SCIENCE & from Williams’home, car and pet victimshad been in theirteens or $1.5billion in aidto collegestudents ($179 million).The Pell Grant to our educationalprogress. Why SOUTHERN AFRICA--Page 7 priorto thiscase. The prosecution German shepherd. NBSSO younger. Six were found in the nextyear. And guess who will be hit programwill be cutfrom $2.3 billion are we being short-changed of CLSA team was headed by District ChatahoocheeRiver while the rest Ms. Welcome,at one pointduring the hardest? You guessed it, to $1.4 billion;these cuts will educationalopportunities when we THE PEOPLE’S POETRY--Pages 8 AttorneyLewis Slaton and Williams’ &9 defensewas headedby AlvinBinder, were scatteredaround the city, the trial,said that she believed MINORITIES. The breakdown eliminategrants to aboutone million representless than 20% of the REPORTS: BLACK POLITICAL mainlyin itssouthern sections. Williamswas an innocentvictim of tentativelylooks like this. studentsfrom familieswho make professionalworking population? ECONOMY--PagesI0 & il a veteranwhite criminaldefense Reaganomics circumstanceand policeanxiety to morethan $14,000 in 1983.Lastly, lawyer from Jackson,Miss., and On May 22, 1980,police staking Undergraduateswill be required Wake up everybody! Somehow, PROSE--Page12 end a longand costlyinvestigation. to pay a 10% fee for Guaranteed the Work Study Program will be IN TER VIE WS--Page 13 Mary Welcome,a black lawyer who out a bridgeover the Chatahoochee someway,we have got to show this Dr. Lewis "I thinkit is a very unfortunate trimmedfrom $528 millionto $400 was a formercity attorney in Atlanta River heard a splash.The police Student Loans (GSL) and the cut throatadministration that we DorothySmith situationwhen you sit and allowa million. ADS--Page16 who has had littletrial experience. stoppedWilliams who was driving interestrates would increase from willnot be sweptaway with the tide. splashin the riverand threadsto Wayne Williams The jury consistedof eightblacks overthe bridge.They questioned him the present9% to 19%; graduate in a time when the need for Without the presentlyexisting THE PEOPLE’S VOICE causeit to get thisfar," she said. B-023 by Ken Overton and four whites, and four more and then releasedhim. Two days studentswould be eliminatedfrom increasingthe numberof minorities financialaid programs, all we haveis "Aftertwo yearsof investigation, Universityof California,San Diego The trial of Wayne Bertram alternatejurist, all of whom were laterthe bodyof NathanielCater was the GSL programall together.Other in all professionsis great,it is a prayer. La Jolla,CA 92093 bringingin the bighonchos like the Williamsended after two monthsof black.Throughout the trial they foundnear the bridgeand the police FBI,and afterthey have completely ThePeople’s Staff hearings,as the juryfound Williams wereall kept under tight restrictions had Williamsas theirfirst serious Editor:Kenneth Overton tornup his(Williams’) house twice, THE CHILDREN ARE SUFFERING Copy/AssignmentEditor: Robyn guiltyof murderingtwo people,21 in privaterooms of a moteland were suspect.One of the policetestified Broughton year-oldJimmy Ray Payne and 27 not allowed any contact with is unrealthat they don’thave any by Nate De Vaughn Tragically,many of our children Mostdisturbing of all,however, Typesetter:Na’dir Haqq that he witnessedWilliams’ car year-oldNathaniel Cater. This trial anybodyoutside the trial except more than they do." are alsodying a livingdeath. They are the odds againsta Blackmale LayoutDesigners: Lynda Carraway & slowlypulling away from one sideef BrianColeman has been the centralfocus of the beingable to talkto familymembers die whentheyare broughtup in a thebridge. Later he admittedthat he The prosecution,which claimed The murderedchildren in Atlanta childgrowing up at all.A Blackmale Photographers:Steve Diggs, Fairbanks hysteriacaused by the seriesof nationhostile to Blacks,in general, JonesIIi & LouisMcKenzie on the phone. neverdid see Williams’car stopon Williamswas associatedwith the representmuch more than a local teenageris fivetimes as likelyas a BusinessManager: Kim Dixon killingsof blackyouths in Atlanta. and poorBlacks, in particular,who The terrorin Atlantabegan back the bridge, even though he was murderof 10 of the othervictims, tradegyand a frustratingpolice whitemale teenager to be a victimof Distributor:Craig Frazier have neitherthe skills nor the GeneralStaff & Contributors Williams,obviously distressed in July of 1979 when the bodiesof assignedto thebridge all night. broughtwitnesses to the standwho puzzle.Like many Blackchildren, homicide. knowledgeto cope with the sharks DesireeDaCosta over verdict,insisted, as he had Edward Hope "Teddy" Smith, 14, testifiedthat they had seen Williams theywere victims of circumstances; Elevenof the Atlantavictims were Nate DeVaughn Williams was put under heavy closingin. Lenny Edwards throughoutthe proceedings,that he and Alfred James "O" Evans, 19, with some of the victims. The facingthe problems of poverty,poor considered-by the policeanyway- as surveillanceand wasfinally arrested WalterSandford wasinnocent. "I maintainedall along were foundin an isolatedspot in prosecutionalso tried to underline schooling,inadequate or nonexistent Theydie whenthey are broughtup "streetkids" who hustled odd jobs in EvelynSilas on June21. It was widelyspeculated MieshaSomerville throughthis trial my innocenceand I southwestAtlanta. But it was the the motivesof Williams’as being services,an absenceof positiverole in homeswith parentstoo busy or an effortto make ends meets.The thatDistrict Attorney Slaton did not Susan Thomas stillsay so today.I holdno malice mid-year of 1980 before police homosexual, since most of the models,and of course,crime. They tootired to care. result was that they frequently CherylWilliams feelthere was enoughevidence to go ReggieWilliams againstthe jury, the prosecutorsor respondedto a growingprotest by victimswere males. were part of a nationalmosaic in becamevictimized, believing that the ahead with the case but was They die when the Black the court,"he said. "I hope the the blackcitizens of Atlanta.The Both Williams’ parents were which growingup Black and poor onlyway theycould survive was by pressuredby federalauthorities to communitysits by and passively person or personswho committed policecreated a specialtask force stunnedby the verdict.Williams’ becomes a nightmarish rita of stealing or committing crimes prosecute. watchesas childrenin a city,one by these crimes can be brought to whicheventually listed 29 victims-- passage. continuedon pa,~e 15 one,are viciouslymurdered. continuedon page 14 justice.I did not do this." The prosecution’scase relied upon 4 5 UCSD COMM UNITY NEWS KWAME TOURE SPEAKS: BLACK HISTORY MONTH Socialism vs. Capitalism A Spring Time Celebration by Na’dirHaqq by Miesha H. Somerville In Octoberof the fall quarter, is in essencethe controllingof the BlackHistory Month in April?As- of world history. Dr. Woodson, 1981-82,Kwame Tourepresented a individual,without the individual faras UCSDis concernedit is. Last Directorof the Associationfor the lectureon socialism.Kwame Toure, knowingthat he is beingcontrolled. year,the Coalition of BlackStudent Study of Negro Life and History, formerly known as Stokely An exampleof this phenomenonwas Organizations(CBSO) discussed conceivedthis specialmonth as a Carmichael,was a civil rights given by Toure;say that you are very unusualidea which the UCSD timewhen public attention should be activistand a leadingproponent of drivingdown the roadat about1:00 Black Students"Union took the focused on the achievementsof BlackPower during the sixtiesand is pm, and you are hungry.All of the initiativeto actupon. Black History America’scitizens of Africandecent. now workingwith the All-African sudden"at McDonald’s"pops into Month,usually celebrated in the Includedin his accomplishmentswas People’sRevolutionary Party. The your consciousmind. An idea that monthof February,should be a year the foundingof the Associationfor

majorpoints stressed in his lecture had beenplanted into one’s head at / roundevent. Instead of one month the Studyof NegroLife and History, Eight UCSD studentscelebrated werethe importanceof socialismin an earliertime now reemergesto out of the year to acknowledgethe which conductsresearch into the BSU VISITS Dr. King’s Birthday with the Africaas wellas in the world,the shapeone’s actions. heritageof Blacksin America,why historyof Africanpeople all over the UC DAVIS studentsof KingHall at UC Davis. destructivenature of capitalism,and KwameToure felt that as longas not have eachcollege in San Diego world,and the publicationof the King ltall,which is named after the ideathat capitalism will give peoplehave to competefor jobs,in observeit consecutively,month after Journalof NegroHistory, which has by Damita Davis MartinLuther King, is part of UC month?This idea was analyzedby nevermissed an issue. birthto socialismin the Western orderto pay for the educationof Faculty,staff and studentsenjoy a comfortable evening together the staff membersof UCSD’sBlack BlackStudents’ Union has gottenoff Davis’law school.It was arranged world. theirchildren and medical care, there Woodsonsucceeded in his attempt Student’sUnion, and the majority to a fairlygood start this quarter. so thatas manyas fifteenstudents To begin his lecture,Toure will continueto be a declinein to rescue the Black man,andhis ruledin favorof theidea. Our opening event was the could journeyto this campus in pointed out the weaknesses of humanismand respectfor the fellow BSSO Community Dinner achievements,from the Whitemans celebrationof Dr. MartinLuther NorthernCalifornia, in order to capitalism. One being that man. Why is there a need for Black oversight, and we have been History Month when there is no King,Jr.’s birthday. This day of promotethe conceptof unity and capitalismis basedon individual Tourealso stated that the African Food, Fun and Friends successfulin thecontinuation of his solidaritybetween Black students {n similarmonth set asidefor other "golden dream." But we, who celebrationand remembrancewas greedand can onlybenefit a select nationsshould be unifiedunder a recognizingthe importanceof Dr. by Miesha H. Somerville foodare the perfectingredients to ethnicgroups? Charles H. Wesley,a donein two significantways. Here, few.Also, capitalism destroys the socialistgovernment so that the representthe futureof Blackpeople, King’sbirthday. This excursion was make anyone’s Friday evening novelist,used his authoritative mustcontinue to be successfulin our at UCSD, we had our annual individual’sfreedom to think. resources,which flourishon the 1 smell barbeque. Is someone also valuablein increasirlgmuch enjoyable. opinionto answerthis question; attemptto reachour furthestgoal. celebrationwhich was held in the KwameToure illustratred this by continent,do notfall into the hands celebratingthe Fourthof July?No, needed communicationamong the An articulatespeech, given by our "We are the leastintegrated and the We musthave an aggressiveattitude North ConferenceRoom. Here the usingthe marketingtechniques of of greedycapitalists, butare used to it’s the Black faculty,staff and Black Student Organizationsin host Walter Sandford,began the most neglectedgroup in America." andgo directlyafter the thi’ngs that memoryof Dr. Kingand his message the media which are always benefitthe wholeworld. studentshaving an informaldinner wereinstilled in theminds of thosein California. with the the best of live evening.Jules Bagneris, President of In 1926, CarterG. Woodsonled pleaseus. We need to unite as a influencing us whether it be It is alsoToure’s belief that if the attendance by the words of a The BSU has invitedspeakers to entertainment. the AssociatedStudents of UCSD, the way and used Black History people,and developnew ideasthat consciouslyor subeonciously.Toure capitalistgovernments maintain dynamicspeaker, Sondra O’Neal, a its meetingsto educateand enlighten gave an informativecommentary Month to-call attention to our willlead us in fulfillingthe dreams of claimedthat givenenough time, an theirpresent practices of greedand Friday, January 22, the UCSD visitingprofessor in the Literature Black students about their highlightingthe problems that people’scontribution to every aspect Dr. MartinLuther King. ideawhich one is ledto believehe has oppression of underdeveloped Med School Commons was Departmentfrom Emory University educational opportunitiesand Blacksin Americaface today:the thoughtof himself,but whichwas nations,it willonly be a matterof enlivenedwith jazzmusic featuring in Atlanta,Georgia. There was a currentday needs at theUniversity. Atlantakillings, financial aid cuts, plantedinto the individual’s mind by timebefore they, the nations of the Hollis Gentry, a UCSD graduate Minority Scholar’s Workshop convocationceremony which was Bobbie Gray from the. Career as well as numerous personal way of the media,will be usedlater Westernworld, evolve into socialist who took up musicas a hobbyand is held in the UCSD Mandeville problems that Black students, "A Story of Success" Planning and Placement.(CP&P) for the purposesof thosetrying to now in the processof recordinghis Auditoriumand highlightedwith an Serviceon campus,attended our fir:st encounterin a collegeenvironment. manipulateone’s mind. This process continuedon page 14 first album. The atmosphere,a Workshoptakes minorityfreshmen addressgiven by Dr. DavidLewis, a He alsospoke of the needfor Blacks by Na’dir Haqq meetingand gave studentsuseful dimlylit room, along with a dinnerof in Math 2A and 2B classes and professor in the UCSD History to get intothe fields of scienceand informationon how to use CP&P’s barbequedchicken, baked beans, The MinorityScholars Workshop placesthem in a groupenvironment Department. This activity was technology,since these are theareas officein preparingfor our careers potatosalad, cole slaw, buttered is a limitedversion of theProfession for study.The workshopmeets for coordinatedby ProfessorCecil Lytle and our futurefields of study.At whichthe world is relyingon for french rolls, carrot cake, and Developement Program at the eighthours per week,in whichthe and Dr. Joseph Watson, the Vice futuremeetings we willcontinue;to advancement. beveragesmade the congregationof Universityof California,Berkeley. studentswork together on calculus Chancellor of Undergraduate have presentationswhich’will Blackstudents and staffa warmand Sponsoredby the Black Science The workshopis basedin the Third problems.Manuelita works with the Affairs.The Blackfaculty and staff enhanceour knowledgeabout those comfortableuniting. Chatting with Student Organizationand Black College Science and Technology groupin understandingthe concepts were granted two hours of thingsthat are necessaryfor us to old and new acquaintances,jazz Facultyand StaffAssociation, this Program.The initial planning for the taughtin lecture,but for the most administrativeleave at noonfor the knowin orderfor us to be successful. music in the backgroundand good enjoyableevening was, by all means, programhere at UCSD was done in partthe studentswork on theirown celebration.While Black faculty, Otherevents in the planningstages a prosperouscoming together. the summerof 1981 by ThirdCollege in a groupsetting. The studentswho I staffand studentswere participating are BlackHistory Month, which will ProvostJoseph Watson and Science werein theprogram last quarter did in the activitiesheld here at UCSD’s be celebratedin April,and Malcolm and TechnologyCoordinator Willie verywell in Math2A, but Manuelita campus,there was anothergroup of X Day. Look for the calendarof "If we forgetour past... C. Brown. The workshop expectseven better results from the studentswho celebratedthe day in a BlackHistory Month events in our coordinatoris ManuelitaBrown. studentsattending the workshopthis differentfashion. nextPeople’s Voice Issue. we forfeitour future." Presentlythe MinorityScholars quarter. The Black Campus Forum: Sharing & Caring Together by KelliE. Williams AARC Wants To Serve You livesat thecoastal college. They felt is a placewhere black students come Robert Staples argues "In KwameToure, organizer for the All- AfricanPeople’s Revolutionary that the university was Lot together and discuss problems, traditionalsociology text thereis by Walter Sandford Party speaks at UCSD addressingtheir needs- concerns issues,orideas about college life. The usually a section of chapter on Thereis a committeeon campus shownthat they are workingfor you, adequately.A questionth.t might groupis facilitatedby Dr. Philip Building. The committee is of activitiesdesigned specifically for minoritygroups and the problems that caresabout your needs,your now whatthey really need to knowis come to mind is, what role does Raphael,Counseling Psychologist at composedof threestudents; Shirley you, get involved with the theyencounter in a societywhere the ideas,and mostof all,your success exactlywhat it is you want.If you social activitesplay in ones ThirdCollege. In my opinion,the Johnson,John Zapata,Larry Lewis; committee.Your ideas can providea majorityculture excludes them from here at UCSD. The Affirmative have any ideasregarding programs educationalexperience? forumserves as a motivatingforce .Action and RetentionCommittee of academic,political or social a facultymember, Rosaura Sanchez stimulusthat can spreadthroughout equalparticipation in certain areas." The studentsrealize that social encouragingstudents to continueto (AARC)has beenset up specifically interest,or if you are justplain (ThirdWorld Studies); and twostaff the campus. You can initiate a Thereis a groupof studentswhose activitiesare not the primary maintain sufficient academic to accommadatepeople of colorin interestedin gettinginvolved in the members, Yolanda Trevino programthat can be the talkof our’ formation is based upon this objectiveof school,however, they progress.More importantly,it any way possible. They have planningaspect of the committee, (ResidentDean at Third College) community. AARC has open ears concept,namely the CampusBlack alsofeel social activities serve as a providesa basefor studentsto form sponsoredthe FacultyTutorials, the pleasecall Susan Montrose (x4390). and Martha Wyatt (Academic and hearts. They need your Forum. constructiveoutlet for frustration networks within this academic "BlackPortraits" film series,the AARC meets every other Tuesday Advising).They are workingfor us, assistancein motivating,inspiring Originally,the group formed and anxiety from the academic environment.The Forummeets once lectureby Dr. JillE. Trice,a black startingon February9th at I:00pm so letslend them our support. and mostof all,keeping us hereat because several students felt pressuresthat one experienceswhile weeklyin MountainView loungeat Neurologist at the University in the Deans ConferenceRoom at Thereis no excusenow. If you UCSD. Friends, Brothers, alienatedand isolated.The students in school. Third Collge from 4-6 pm every Hospital, and more. They have the Third CollegeAdministrative haveany complaintsabout the lack Sisters...lendAARC yoursupport. PhilipRaphael CounselingPsychologist, Third College werediscontented w~th their social Simply,the CampusBlack Forum Friday. m 7 REPORTS: MUSIC & LITERATURE REPORTS: SCIENCE & SOUTHERN AFRICA

Accordingto popularconviction, NBSSO: The Road Is Long...But At Least It Is Paved funkis merelyanother fad thatarose as a centerfor recruitment, while also quitespontaneously a few yearsago, way for futuregenerations of Black contributionsto the cosmopolitan by Walter Sandford providing an atmosphere of played-outwith the ’70s, and now lies healthneeds of OUR country. The National Black Science psychologicalpeer support for Black scientists. defunktatop the musicscrapheap. Literary Funksmanship by Brian Jamail Coleman StudentsOrganization was first sciencestudents. Another suggestion By 1971, the NBSSO was making The Black Science Students WE WANT THE FUNK of music,it is a "creativenuisance" musicians--inthe neighborhoodof Organizationhere at UCSDhas been "ThankYou (FalettinmeBe Mice Elf organized by two energetic submittedduring the conferencewas significantimpact on the Black 40 bad muthafunkers--cooperating FUNK is one of the most Agin)." The late Jimi "Voodoo thatplays on allfacets of scienceand individuals,Paul B. Simms and that of counselinghigh school studentsin both professionaland sporadicallyoperating since Paul with one another on The One in advancedand progressivebranches Child" Hendrix,though somewhat art,reality and fantasy--absolutely James D. Fleshman,at the City students, who were usually graduateschools. In fact, every Simms departure in 1974, when anythingand evelything,even its- absolutededication to the funk. of main-vein African music in misguided,inspired many a funky Collegeof New York in 1969. The unpreparedto embarkon the tedious studentfrom the firstchapter at sufficientprovisions for continuity Astutelysigned up as/underat least America.It holdsdown the extreme lick withhis uncannyguitarsman- own-self--withpun-powered take- primarypurpose at thistime was to study of the sciencesat a major CCNY was placedin eithergraduate were not made. Some of the major 10 differentgroups and soloartists Blackend of the musicspectrum-- ship. Kool & The Gang, The Ohio offs,surrealistic satire, and mock- raisethe level of academicsuccess of university. or professionalschools. Though this problemsfacing the organization on 5 differentlabels (Parliament and bold-faced, hard-core, anti- Playersand GrahamCentral Station humor. It is a foolosophywhich its studentmembers. Fleshman and onlyrepresents 26 students,it is a havebeen funding, faculty and staff superimposesantithesises, playing Parleton ChozaNegra/Casablanca; Soon thereafter,chapters of the supportand studentinvolvement. crossover,inimitable, revolutionary, (a spin-offof the thenfragmenting Simms becameaware of the copius 300% increaseover enrollmentof Funkadelic,Bootsy and EddieHazel NBSSO sprang up at UC Berkeley, The two formerproblems have been American-influencedAfrican music Sly & The FamilyStone) kept the off order against chaos--the amountof informationthat exixted previousyears. The NBSSO,under on WarnerBros.; The Horny Horns UCLA, UCSD, Poly Technic resolved thanks to some of the by and for American-oppressed funk rollingthroughout the early ultimate confrontation; and throughoutthe countryregarding the direction of Simms and and The BridesOf Funkensteinon Instituteat Ponoma, Texas former leaders, namely; Jay Africanpeople. Funk’s roots are andmid ’70s. Then in 1976,after two maximizesmultidirectionality, going opportunities for minorities Fleshman,was obtainingresults. Atlantic;Bernie Worrell on Arista; Southern University,Antioch, Edmonds, Joe Higgins, Art West strong and many, the most decadesof undergroundstruggling, off on every conceivabletangent in the sciences. Inspired,the immediateof whichare soul,jazz, The Mothershipstruck the mother simultaneously. and The Sweat Band [formerly Princeton,Long IslandUniversity, The ingenuityof thesetwo young and RickCathey. The latterproblem two leaderssponsored a conference and many otherschools across the gentlemenmarked the beginningof gospeland rock.It synthesizesthe lodeand tore the roof off the sucker united with Bootsy as Bootsy’s stillremains an interestingdilemma. In his metafoolishness,P-Funk withthe specific intention of pooling country. Subsequentconferences longjourney on a roadthat, at times, bestelements of eachof thesegenres withthe ultimatein funk--P-Funk. RubberBand on WarnerBros.] and The present purpose of the mastermind/producersupreme/lyri- this valuable but scattered with professionalpresentations seemedendless. They had a dream intoa formidable,new sound. Phillipp6Wynne [ex-lead vocalist of organization is to provide MAKE MY FUNK THE P-FUNK cist/lead vocalist/rhythm arranger information. focusedon specifichealth problems and it becamereal onlybecause of P-FUNKis funkin itspurest form, and retired"referee," G~orge "Dr. the Spinners]on Uncle Jam/CBS), informationand referencesfor The Godfatherof Soul, James The conference,held at CCNY in facing the Black community.The their meticulousorganization, Brown undoubtedlylaid down the funk of the highest order--The and solidlybacked up by the funk studentsinterested in professional Funkenstein"Clinton, also "cloned" January of 1969, was an NBSSOsoon began to work with the relentless determination and officialsand other behind-the- and graduateschool requirements, foundationof the funkwith raw, mid Bomb. With ultra-deepconcepts, as "Starchild,""Mr. Wiggles"and overwhelmingsuccess. Over 400 NationalMedical Association.A immeasureablehours of work.They scenersof P-FunkInc. (formerly admission and application andlate ’60s pre-funk classics like "1 riddlinglyrics, creative vocals, "UncleJam", has produceda funk Boardof Trusteeswas set up withthe were pioneers forging a road, Thang,Inc., A Parliafunkadelicment high schooland collegestudents, continuedon page 15 Got You (I Feel Good),""Papa’sGot phenomenal musicianship, operacomplete with F-ratedalbum facultymembers and represeniativeshelp of some notable Black motivatedby a sinceredesire to A Brand New Bag," "Cold Sweat," pluperfectproduction, outlandish jacketand dustsleeve art workand Thang),The P-FunkRoad Crew and from professionaland graduate physiciansand scientists:Hubert increasethe quantityof healthcare "Talkin’Loud (And Sayin’ Nothin’)" theatrics, and devastating literature,posters, comic books, the 25,000strong Uncle Jam’s Army, schoolsattended. They discussed Hemsley,M.D.,Director at Harlem personnelwhich directly affects the and "SayIt Loud(I’m Black And I’m performancesas its trademarks,The animationand otherfunkadelia such The Funks put out as many as 6 and resolved some of the Hospital;Clyde Phillips,M.D., qualityof healthcare to the Black Proud)."Sly Stone took the funk P standsunparalleled on the merit of as P-Funk& Wagnellsand The New albumsannually, and run a nearly fundamentalproblems facing Black Administrator at Cook County communities throughout the higherwith soul-searching"music painstakingthoroughness alone. All nonstoptour schedule,including Funk Times. sciencestudents. One suggestionfor Hospitalin Chicago;Marion Mann, country.It is not an easytask to for the people,"such as "DanceTo in allit is everywayunique. The Motor Booty Affair: 20,000 The concept of One Nation is alleviatingthese barriers was to M.D., Dean Of Howard School of successfullycoerce the traditionally The Music," "Everyday People," MugsUnder The P, a recordtour of In The United Funk Of quintessentiallyembodied by The create a national organization Medicine and Richard Williams, elite professionaland graduate "Everybodyls A Star," "Stand," 90 chocolatecities, nationwide, in 6 Funkadelica(One Nation Under MothershipConnection. The Funk designedto significantlyincrease the M.D,.,Assistant Medical Director schoolsto reevaluatetheir admission "Hot Fun In The Summertime"and months. Groove)funk far surpasses the realm Mobconsists of an all-star"tribe" of representationof Black science of Martin Luther King Medical criteria. Simms and Fleshman, students in professional and Centerin Watts,CA. The founders throughthe guiseof the NBSSOand initiateda tradition which had thrust withsupport of many,convinced the Maya Angelou: Much More Than A Writer gs:a2mUste:neh°°;;;stmW:nSt ha°Pe:c°hf intothe rigidranks of the American countrythat all raceshave a place chapteracross the nationcould serve educationalsystem and paved the and can make significant by Lenny Edwards Blackscience students hard at work

How many of you reading this We, as the readers,can learnnot CLSA:Organizes For Liberation In Southern Africa know little or nothing of Maya justthe "gory" details of onelife but theincreasingly repressive policies of Ourduty is to freethe world.Lovers Angelou,other than the fact that examinethe phenomenonof human the governmentfrom Britain in 1910. of freedommust do everythingin Teena Marie likes her along with confusion,yet throughall her books He stressedthe importanceof theirpower to toppleSouth Africa. Shakespeare, Johann Sebastian runs the threadof accomplishment understandingthat the color bar SouthAfrica is alsodestabilizing the Bach and Nikki Giovanni?If you through determination. An laws in SouthAfrica are not only restof Africa.It movesin andout of findyourself in thatposition, this is underlyingtheme of all Angelou’s legalbut constitutional,leaving in Angola,Mozambique.Their arms to whet your appetiteand further work is summedup well in a poem effect no recourse for black are definitelynot comingfrom the piqueyour interest.Maya Angelou fromAnd StillI Riseentitled,"Life organizationsto secure their rights as SovietUnion. Americans are less is the authorof severalbooks of Doesn’tFrighten Me." human beings. sensitiveto whattheir leaders do poetryand a continuingnarrative of abroad in their name than they "Thisis a day of rededication. herlife. She is alsoan accomplished Maya Angelou’sworks, with their shouldbe. Freedomshall triumph Freedomis indivisible.You cannot singer,dancer, actress, filmaker, multifacetedtruths, are mustreading forall people." be freewhile other human beings are televisionproducer, and former for peopleconcerned with the human condition.Much of what Maya has Peopleof SouthAfrica attacked by brutalpolice force notfree. Especially as we helpkeep It is in thislight that CLSA will coordinator of SCLC (Southern to say is abouther positionin this otherpeople un-free. In thecrunch, continueto coordinateefforts in San ChristianLeadership Conference). by Robin King and Megan O’Bryan and a renewalof commitmentto an societyas a woman,thus her works they will turn upon you and make Diego towardsthe liberationof Her worksform a bodyof literature CLS-A,(theCommittee for the on-goingrevolutionary struggle. are especiallymeaningful for Black youjust as unfree.If theycan do it to SouthernAfrica. which demands attention and Maya Angelou:From her book, The Heart of a Woman Liberationof SouthernAfrica) was Thisgathering of about100 peopleat women.If you feel ready to peer somebodyelse, they can do it to you. On January 21st at 7:30, commandsrespect. witha torrentof them.Her manner Together In My Name, her three recently formed to coordinate Christ the King Church, was deeplyinto the psycheof a Black Oppressionis equallyindivisible. approximately20 attendeda meeting of executionvaries. Rhyming street worksof autobiography(a second activitiesin SanDiego in supportof paralleledby functionsheld all over Maya Angelou’sthree books of woman to gain insight into the Theyshare all theirtechniques. The to outlinethe goals and strategies of talkchants are side by sidewith free the SouthernAfrican Liberation thecountry in recognitionof theon- poetry, Oh Pray My Wings Are partof Gather...has recentlybeen humancondition, if you are willing U.S. is trainingthe SouthAfrican CLSA’s continued work in San verse exercises in the King’s publishedbut is notyet available at movement.CLSA is a localsupport goingstruggle against the oppression Gonna Fit Me Well Just Give Me a to be subjectedto thedarkness of the Coast Guard today; the CIA is Diego. English.Yet each poem, whatever UCSD’s library) have Maya group of the African National perpetuatedby SouthAfrica’s racist Cool Drinkof Waterfore I Diiie, soulin orderto seethe lightof the trainingthe SouthAfrican police. the form,unerringly seeks a pathto Angelouusing prose as a poetic Congress(ANC). regime. Threeareas of concentrationwere andAnd Still ! Riseare small in size, world,if youcan allow yourself to be Thestrategy of divideand rule is very the heartof the matterat handand scalpelwith which she opensup her The mainSpeaker of the nightwas specified: yet great in depth.Her favorite transportedby the joysand triumphs On January8th, CLSA organized old,and it works.Effectively. You ripsit openfor examinationwhile at life for our examination. Her Dr. Anthony Ngubo, a former takea giantpacifier, dip it into --An educationalcommittee was themesare the promiseand pain of of life as wellas the sorrowsand and sponsored an event in the sametime providing perspectives childhood,adolescence and early UCSD professor and a member of condensedmilk, stick it into his set up to compileand disseminate love and the strengths of the disappointments,if you are readyto celebration of the the 70th forreflection. No mere adventures in adulthoodare transmittedto us with the ANC. Dr. Ngubo presented a mouthand he says,’yes,sir.’ South literatureconcerning present U.S. individual,Blacks and Blackculture. dealwith reality, you are readyto anniversaryof the ANC. The theme formand meter,Angelou’s poetry is the pains,pleasures, triumphs and breifbackground of the historyof Africais oppressingover 80% of its foreign policy with regard to. Herpoetic style is stark.Most works read Maya Angelou. And that’s of the program, "Freedom is fromthe heartand mindof the poet failuresattendant with them.Her South Africa as a colony and population.It is alsooppressing the SouthernAfrica as well as other arefairly short and her images, while "SquareBiz." Indivisible," symbolized a richin textureare wovenwith a few to the heartand mindof thereader., purposeis theexploration of herself rededicationto the spiritout of imperialistpuppet and the founding whitepopulation. The ANC is doing relevantinformation. Singin’and Swingin’and Gettin’ continuedon page 15 carefullychosen words rather than andher place in life. which the ANC was born in 1912, of the ANC in 1912,as a reponseto its darndestto freeSouth Africa. 8 9 THE PEOPLE’S Mr. King t,,,,,,,,,,,,,,t,o,,,,,,,,,,*,,,,,,,,o,,,,,,,. °,..o.,.,..,,.,~...... ,.,,°,,,,,,,,,,o,, ,,,,**,,,,,,~,,,,,,,,,,,,,e In Life And Dreams; we continue In yourhonor. POETRY In Life ¯ o.,..,...... ,.....~..,,.,....,..,.....j...... ,..,.°....,.....,,...... o°.**,.....o And Dreams; We, thestruggle In yourhonor. In Life Nyambe And Dreams; 4. , We, and Love, They come Dreamsso fresh In yourhonor. carryingtheir culabash of creation; Mr. King createthe horizon becomesofitude dances under we willcontinue in createthe waters Black lights; lifeand in dreams,the floatingsouls on waters toobright struggleto freedomand white;Insane love,in ),ourhonor. Women-handsshake the clouds setthe world in order. speaksthe dustingdark blooming Rick Cathey in the noiseand whip

. Richsmooth stones , America alongthe bankof the Limpopo. Spoke: "I cometo you; Althoughshe feedsme breadof bitterness, Listen.It is theHour singto you; Andsinks into my throather tiger’s tooth, of advancingwinds sit by you--bring Stealingmy breathof life,I willconfess womenwarmed,creators ancientmuted triumph Black Woman I lovethis cultured hell that tests my youth/ of black-jewels. Hervigor flows like tides into my blood, limbsto braid I thoughtabout you Givingme strengtherect against her hate. All intoyour wrinkled hair; When your presence Herbigness sweeps my beinglike a flood. springfrom your comefrom where the lightcorrupts your face was unknown Yetas a rebelfronts a kingin state, loins tangled I thoughtabout you I standwithin her wallswith not a shred intothe black water. amongsthalf-men / conmen Duringquiet moments Of terror,malice, not a wordof jeer. theirinvalid corpses Sweet memories ~ I thoughtabout you DarklyI gazeinto the daysahead, . And seeher mightand granitewo’nders there, Myhands,body, eyes smell go downto the waters Whenthe lightswere out Beneaththe touchof Time’sunerring hand, streakedwith burnt souls hear Peaceprevailed Likepriceless treasures sinking in thesand cartingdung weary sISTER" Over the land God’svibrations ClaudeMcKay(1889-1948) shoulderache their BlackCreators Cryingtheir knarled Penetratedmy heart smoothwaters sing: Sendinglove waves to you handsbent graceful; "’Nyambe-daughter I thoughtabout you eyes inherit When timeswere unsure bloomingin the dustingdark. you floweringdarkness." And yourstrength And your faith Kim PhillipsJan. 1982 And your love Gave me the support Peopleof Inspiration My BlacknessIs... For the founation Of my manhood Thankyou, for pickingme up and securing The chocolatebrown color of my skin I thoughtabout you me underyour protective wing. The highnessof my cheekbones Whileblack men you kept me from harm, Thethickness of my lips. Wererejecting the beauty and made sureI stayedwarm. The protrusionof my beautifulblack behind. Of black women You consumedmy mind with portions The tightness& thickness of my hair I thoughtabout you of life’sunjust circumstances, "(,,hatthey call kinky) Whilehappy children laughed and urgedme to devourand digestthem The way I talk Onlyto be sad for my bestpossible nourishment; (whatthey call black slang) When society everstressing my needfor higher consciousness. The way I hold my head high Has perpetuatedtheir minds when my Black man speaksto me You attractedme out intothe deepwaters of Towardself-destruction But mostof all,my Blackness commUNITY,knowing that I couldbarely float ... Baby,I thoughtabout you no lessswim; and justwhen I thought Is me. When love Was the only word thatI wasabout to go downfor the lasttime, Kim-MariaJackson 9-26-81 Existentto mankind you threw out your arms of compassionate I thoughtabout you understanding, When solitude whichwas just like a lifepreserver. Was cosmicharmony Thelimitations of a manlie within himself, Thankyou for trustingme, lovingme, looking I thoughtabout you forwhat heights or depthsthe mind attains the OUt BeautifulBlack Woman for me, attemptingto understandme; body too mustfollow TheophilusPrevost Thoughtstoo mustpass butmost of all,thank you for enlightening me to I thinkof you BLACKreality. Me You inspiredme to do, as wellas, wantmore Kwaku Lynn for myselfand my people. StepanieY. Muldrow 10 11 REPOR TS: BLA CK POLITICA L ECONOM Y

continuedfrom page 10 the economiccondition of Blacks. 1982,$3.8 billion in 1983and $4.6 grantedonly to those below 130 enrolled.AFDC participationby Reaganomics: Implicationsfor Black Survival Overtime the focusof federalaid to billionin 1984.According to the percentof thepoverty line defined by familyis 43 percentBlack, this the poorchanged from that of being CongressionalBudget Office(CBO), the federalgovernment. programis beingcut sharply,with a job trainingprogram to becoming 1.3 millionpeople will lose income School Meals The previous $4.4 408,000families dropped from the an incomemaintenance program. In becauseof the eliminationof the billionin subsidiesfor school programand 300,000families with the time periodbetween 1960 and minimum benefit standard. lunches,breakfast feeding and day reducedaid. Blacksrepresent 34 1976there is a massiveincrease in the Minimum benefits have gone care, summermeals, mothers" and percent of BEOG(Pell Grant) numberof Blackson welfareand a disproportionatelyto the poorand. infants’ nutritionand related recipients,48.2 percent of summer great increasein the number of Unemployment Benefits Expend programswere cut by $1.5 billion. job holders,26 percentof housing, middleclass social service workers itureswere reduced by $3.1billion These reductions are both a 29.2 percentof food stampsand 28 also. At the same time there are dollarsin fiscalyears 1982-84. There reductionin cash and commodities percentof Medicaid,all of whichare lossesof privatesector employment is an eliminationof the law which for the program.The Congressional beingslashed by the Reconciliation by Blacksbecause of the declineof requiresstates to extendbenefits for Quarterlyprojects that 26 million Act.It is impossibleto judge,from ucban industry. These factors ! 3 weeksbeyond 26 weeksof regular childrenwill get "higherprices, thedata if thecuts will effect Blacks combine to create a dependent benefits.The figuresby whicttthe smallerportions and possiblyeven in directproportion to their level of relatio’nshopbetween "’middle unemployed are considered for closedcafeterias." participation.For some it may be HeadStart There will be an increase more,and for othersless, but in any The massive increasein federallyfunded programs for the poor in the program funds from $820 casethe pointis markedlyclear from was primarilya responseto urban turmoil and the significanceof millionin fiscal1981 to $950million thesefigures that a greatnumber of the Black electorate at the time .... These programs worked for1982. Blackswill suffer from cuts in federal effectivelyto diffuse the Black Power struggleof the 1960’s by AFDCThe billrequires recipients to programs. placating the middle class and giving minimum assistanceto the use any wage earningsto pay for In additionto thesebudget cuts, by Ken Overton rural-urbanmigration and social white unemploymentrate .leaped Modernization made Black farm poor. welfarebenefits. This makes it less federalemployees face threatsto The passage of the Omnibus welfarepolicy. From this perspective laborsuperfluous to the Southern from 4.5 percentin 1953, to 9.9 economicalfor recipientsto mix incomeservice providers" and "low extendedbenefits were raised.An theirjob security.RIF’s--federal- ReconciliationAct of 1981signified we can better understand and agriculturaleconomy. Piven writes, percentin 1954. By 1958, it had work and welfare as opposed to income service recipients"and estimated!.5 million people will lose reductions-in-force--arepart of themajor shift that has taken place in examinethe impactof the federal "In yearsbetween 1950-1965 alone, reached12.6 percent, and it stayed relyingfully on welfare.It allows federal social welfare. These their 13 week extendedbenefits Reagan’splans to ease federal today’s federal policy agenda. budgetcuts. Keep in mindthat social ’New machines and new methods between10 and 13 percentuntil the statesto counthousing subsidies and programs worked effectivelyto under this measure. The bill employment. This program Ronaid Reagan’s Republican welfarepolicy is onlyone aspectof increasefarm output by 45 percent- escalationof the war in Vietnamin foodstamps as partof earnings.The diffusethe BlackPower struggle of adversely effects places like threatensto undoall of theprogress administrationhas martialedin the currentcrises which face Black and reducesfarm employmentby 45 1964." Michiganwhere they are suffering Departmentof Health and Human Blackshave made in the last two federalbudget cuts which have the America and in order to truly percent.’" the 1960"sby placatingthe middle This pattern of unemployment J’Services(HHS) estimates that decadesin penetratingthe federal effect of reversingthe economic understandour situationwe must class and providing minimal mass unemploymentin the auto At the sametime Northern defense continued, as automation and industry.This bill makesit more 687,000of the 3.9million households work force. Reagan has alreadey legaciesof federalbureaucracies examine our social, political, assistanceto the poor.The economic industrybeckoned this "’super- shrinkingoccupational opportun- difficult for states to fund on AFDC willbe cut out or reduced released6,000 federal employees and from the New Deal to the Great economic,and culturalconditions conditionof Blacks,with a rising fluous"black labor classto move itieswiped out thousands of lowlevel unemploymentcost,also. in aid.Most of thereductions will be wishesto dismiss75,000 more in the Societyeras. Progamsfrom these on alllevels. middle class, largely advancig North.Four millionBlack people jobsfor low skilledworkers. There felt by those working poor who nexttwo years.This is supposedto periodsfunctioned to give social throughthe public sector and a CETA Reconciliationeliminated In the post-WorldWar II years, were to leave the South to go to was not much attentionpaid to the receiveaid. have its greatest impact on welfareto thosepeople who would growingBlack underclass, becoming publicservice jobs under Title II-D patternsof Black migrationwere Northerncities such as New York, situationof urbanBlacks until the Student Loans Pell Grant "professional,managerial, and not otherwisebe able to subsist more and more marginal to the and Title IV of CETA. These increasinglytowards moving from Philadelphia, Baltimore and mid-sixties.In the 1960’sincreasing reductionslimit expendituresto technical workers" who make withinAmerica’s economy. Aid in productive processes in society,plays providedjobs for long term, low therural South to the urbanareas of Washington D.C. Thus the Black, participationof Blacks at the $2.65billion in fiscal1982, $2.8 between$20,000 and $37,000a year. the areas of education,welfare, a significantrole in shapingthe income, unemployedpersons and the North. Northern Black laborerhad movedfrom a systemof electionpoles combinedturmoil billionin 1983and $3 billionin 1984. The social serviceprograms are health,employment security, and futurefor BlackAmericans. people out of work because of urbanization was to become a landlesspeasant(sharecropping) were to be preludesto the Great fluctuationsin the economy.There Studentsfrom families with incomes targetedfor the greatestreduction public housinghad made America The 1970’smarked a turn in the consistentpattern up Until1970. In laborto a wagelabor system. During Societyera in Americanpolitics. willbe a reductionof thejob training over $15,000will be cut from the areas,these are wheremany Blacks intosomewhat of a welfarestate. stabiltyof socialwelfare programs. 1940,half of the AmericanBlack theseyears after WWII, Blacks in the’ programs,also. The impactwill be program. have found employment.So we can Reagan’srecent State of the Union populationlived in urbanareas; by Northnever were fully incorporated As socialwelfare programs became Medical Care Medicaid payments GREAT SOCIETY and BLACK that 900,000people who wouldhave see that the "reconciliation"has addressrepresents another increase 1950the figurereached 62 percent; intothe Northerneconomy and there pan of an ever decreasingfederal willbe reducedby about$1 billiona nothingbut bad news for Blacks. "PROGRESS" had jobs under formerCETA, will in the federalonslaught against by 1960it was73 percentand by 1965 are a numberof factorsinvolved in budgetthey couldnot existat the year in the next three years. The massiveincrease in federally not havethem now.Over 300,000of Federaldollars have supportedor socialwelfare services. What Reagan it had reached80 percent.Francis F. this phenomenon.Discrimination in samelevels as theyhad previously. Medicarewill make elderly pay more fundedprograms for the poor was currentCETA job holderswill be employedgreat numbersof Blacks coins as "New Federalism"is a beforethey are eligibleto receive primarily a response to urban laidoff. who will be displacedby Reagan’s strategyto transferthe burdenof REAGANOMICS: POLICY & federalaid. Overall health programs tighteningof the federalpurse. Blacks existed as tenant farmers for Southern landowners.Their turmoiland the significanceof the Housing Federals subsidies to most of these social welfare IMPACTS arecut by 25 percent. labor was primarilyused for the profit of the landowner,who kept Blackelectorate at the time.Many of housingwere cut.A reductionfrom functions,including food stamps and On August 13, 1981, Ronald his tenants in a helpless state of servitudeand indeptednessby the programs which Reagan is Aid to Families with Dependent Reagan’sOmnibus Reconciliation 260,000new units to 153,000new paying them wages at a scale where the tenant would have to cuttingreceived their main impetus unitsauthorized by Congress.fhis is Reagan’s policies seek to ameliorate Black unemployment by Children(AFDC),to the statewhile Act was passed into law. Many from this time period. Aid to furtherreducing expenditures for borrow to subsist. hailedthis as an historicevent in the a 40 percentcut. The rent that liftingup the wholenational economy .... But Blacksface structural education,welfare, housing, health subsidizedtenants must pay under socialwelfare by approximately$35 annalsof federallegislative policy. ¯ barriersto the economyand will not necessarilybenefit from any hiringpractices was presentin the and employmentsecurity went to thisprogram increases. Rents will be billionfor fiscal year 1982, and $130 Pivenwrites in her bookRegulating Indeed, this massive change in success of the Reagan recovery plan. North,the huge numbersof Blacks programsdesigned to helpthe poor either30 percentof the families’ billionover the next three years and the Poor,"if blacksare becomingan federal policy marks a complete migratinginto the economymade and disadvantaged.These funds adjustedincome, 10 percentof the slashedover 250 domesticprograms. urbanpeople, they are alsobecoming reversal of Johnsonianliberal IMPLICATIONS for BLACK incorporationdifficult, and during wereviewed as beingbeneficial by families’gross income, or thepart of SPECIFIC IMPACT UPON Thisaction threatens to destroythe a Northernpeople .... About half of legislativepolicy. There are several SURVIVAL thistime between 1940-1970 there is most,however, they would have the thefamilies’ welfare payment that is BLACKS entireedifice of Black"progress" all blacks now live in Northern programswhich traditionallygive So whatdoes all this mean for the the decentralizationof wealthy longterm effect of creatinga welfare dedicatedfor housing.The tenant Thelevel of Blackparticipation in that has been made through the areas." aid to the poorwhich were effected conditionof BlackAmerica in the urbanresidents and manufacturing economyin BlackAmerican society. mustpay the highestof thesethree federal programs is very high; granting of federally funded by thismeasure: comingyears? With a mass number The mechanizationof Southern businessesout of the centralcities Poor Blacksreceived aid from "in possiblerent rates.There will be Blacks’ percentages in these programs. SocialSecurity The majorchange in of low skilledworkers, who arepart agricultur’e was the main and into the suburbs.This shift in kind"and "cashtransfer" programs, feweravailable federally subsidized programsare higherrelative to the socialsecurity is theelimination of of what is now commonlytermed, Thusly,the shift in government "push"factorwhich caused unskilled industriallocation left urban such as food stamps and AFDC. restof the populations’.According the $122 minimummonthly payment housingunits for possibletenants the underclass.Ever since WWIi and policyhas significantmeaning for andsemi-skilled Blacks to migratein unskilledand low skilled labor While these programs were to to the figureswhich break down for recipients.’This effected new and those under the programwill the mechanizationof Southern Blackpeople here in America.This mass numbers.Blacks existedas without mass employment becomea majorsource of incomefor haveto pay largershares of their welfareparticipation according to recipients last December and agricultureBlacks have been running article--whileexamining the impact tenant farmers for Southern opportunities,consequently there income.Housing will be harderto race,Blacks show a highdegree of the Blackpoor, middle class Blacks continuing recipients as of further and further behind the of Reagan’sinitial round of budget landowners. Their labor was was littleeconomic development. wereto gainmuch of theirbenefits participationin the programswhich Feberuaryof 1982.These recipients findfor the poor. economy--marginal to it. cutsand its implicationsfor Black primarilyused for the profitof the Piven again writes that the willbe mostdrastically cut. In the frombeing government employees in willreceive benefits based on their FoodStamps There will be a drastic Furthermore,what does it meanfor survival--seeks to provide a landowner,who kepthis tenantsin a "economicexperience of blacksin CETA program,which would have thesesame social welfare programs. previous earnings scale. Other cut in food stamps, one million the rising(?)Black middle class who historicalanalysis of someof the helplessstate of servitudeand the citiesduring the 1950’swas, in recipientswill be eliminatedfrom the employed900,000 people in fiscal Thissystem of welfare,originated to measureswere designedto tighten have gottenmuch of theirsuccess factorswhich shaped Black people’s indeptednessby payingthem wages general,one of severeunemployment year1982 and where300,000 current aid in Blackeconomic development, eligibilitystandards for social program,while another 22 million through federal social welfare relationship to the American at a scalewhere the tenantwould and underemployment.At the close job holderswere eliminated, Blacks had no beneficialeffect of improving security.The administrationexpects (practicallyallof therest) will have economysince WWli, focusingupon have to borrow to subsist. of the KoreanWar, the nationalnon- represent31.8 percent of those continuedon page 15 continuedon page ! I to save$2.2 billion in fiscalyear reducedbenefits. Eligibility will be 13 IN TER VIE WS

We~ it’s almostover. Yep. In March,God The most , , , I~illingyour son will have finished all of his a wholehost of folkswho are merely content to let quality.This year we ve naasevera D r. D a v i d L e w is: New Professor on the and I wish to God ! was the ownerof a video requirementsfor a Masterof FineArts degree in it ride.The commitment of the eighties seems to be Playwrighting.It kinda feels like a doorjust a few thecommitment to self, be thatself black, white, recorder. The first! mentionedearlier, SophisticatedGents, and just recently, The Marva Block , feetin frontof me thatI’m aboutto open. yellow,brown or whatever."l gotmy houseon the Collins’Story. The two majorstatements or SometimesI think it’s like that door to thegirl’s hill,whew, Thank God, now getyo’ own.igor my imagesportrayed by thesetwo showswere simple, by Lynda C. Carraway retention. The tenure review History.It is unfortunatethat Dr. preparationfor law school.Upon . roomin TheExorcist, and youknow the kinds of position, my influence, my tenure my Black men care about somethingother than Throughoutthe 1980-81academic entranceinto the Universityof ihorrorsthat were waiting there. Sometimes l slap whatever....get),ours, baby." What happened to extended through the summer Lewisentered this university under themselvesand the pursuit of theAimighty Career myselfand as’,, "What the hell are you doing? Is solidarity?What happenedto brother and schoolyear, considerable attention months,and studentsreturned to the circumstacesthat he did. For Michigan,and the completionof one or Dollar.The)’ care about helping each other. thisa life,a careeryou want?You mustlike sisterhood?What happenedto Black?In some was focusedon the alarmingrate of school,in thefall of 198[,to find some, Lewis becamethe targetof semesterthere, Dr. Lewisrealized caseswhat happened to Blackis "makingit." The MarvaCollins’ Story gave us a glimpseat starvin,fellah." No, don’t run out to the declinein thepopulation of students, (withoutsuprise)that Dr. Tolbert misdirectedfrustration, which was thatlaw was not the occupationhe Whatever"making it "foryou was, when you got it batteredBlack children, victims of negative faculty,and administrativemembers was deniedtenure, and thata prime createdas a directresult of feelingsof desiredto pursue.He thentransfered l:"supermarketin desperation stuffing food into a cart,later to be mailedto youremaciated son on thatwas it. Apparentlya groupof folkshave schoolsthat we supportthrough our taxes,and of color at UCSD, and at various candidatefor the openposition had helplessness,stemming from the theWest Coast. ! do eat.In fact,if I do nuthing forgottenthat to be Blackis to be madderthan what happenswhen a positiveloving Black othercolleges and universities across been selected. The campus involvementin the fight for Dr. womandecides to do somethingabout it. Great! elsethere is a wornpath in thecarpet from the hell,seething with rage, pissed all the time. A m 1 the country.The black community communitybuzzed about the new Tolbert’sretention. Few students describingmyself? Yep, and I don’tthink I’m Fantastic!More. We need more. refrigeratorto the typewriter and back. at UCSD,in particular,was faced professor on the block, his took the opportunityto speakwith alone. ! am a writer.Aside from degrees, certificates, Otherthan the obviousbenefits from such with a primary example of this qualifications,andthe possibility of Dr. Lewis outside of class and shows,I needthem for a verypractical reason. awardsand what have.you, ! am a writer,l belong Why am I angry?Sit back.This will take systematicprocess of elimina;~on,in his permanency. discusshis background,objectives, awhile.I’m angry because l sense that in orderto Theygive me hope.l feelthat lain not working in andgoals for the future as theyrelate to fraternityof people that regularly sit down and the formof the tenurereview of Dr. In the fallof 1981,Dr. DavidL. trytheir damndest to sa),something of worthon be publishedconsistently in this country, it seems a vacuum.There are folks out here that know and Emory Tolbert,former Afro- to Afro-AmericanHistory. During mandatorythat you denigrateBlack folksin understandwhat’s needed and the),are working Lewisinstructed the lowerdivision paper.Contrary to commonbelief and most of American History assistant an interviewwith The PeoplesVoice, print.! keep reading articles and letters by sisters and theyneed help. Speaking of help,eh, when Third World Studies course-7A. ourrelatives, who are somewheresaying, "Well, professor. Dr. Lewiswas cooperativein giving pointingout the emptyness or lackof substancein PresidentReagan announced his proposedcuts of Duringwhich time, he was underthe howis he goingto earna livingdoing that," l am information,which yields insight on Blackmen. I keepwearing my eyesout looking for thearts’ budget and then feb that private industry The springquarter of 1981marked watchful eyes of many, who writing.! know it was bad enoughwhen you the man and his motives. couldplug the holes! got to wonderingabout theclimax of a twoyear struggle for observedand evaluatedhis strengths explainedthat I wasstill in schoolwriting plays. ! productionsof new Blackplays. I’m toldBlack It is no secret that tenured Dr. David Lewis canhear it now."Well, that’s interesting, butcan Theatreisalive and well..., well.., where the hell is BlackIndustry. How activeis BlackIndustry in the retentionof Dr. Tolbert,on the and weaknessesin a lecturehall to ColumbiaUniversity, where he he makea livingdoing that," or "He’sstill playing it?What is thecommitment of Blackcolleges to theArts? Sounds like an articlethat would appear partof concernedstudents, faculty, setting.The general sentiments of the professorsat UCSD are selected attaineda Masterof Artsdegree, in aroundwith that stuff huh ..... boy. ~houlda went theBlack writer? I still don’t see Black folks going in BlackEnterprise Magazine. Not longago an and staffmembers. Simultaneous to campus communityconcerning the fromthe cream of thecrop offered by UnitedStates History. The London intothe service.’" Usually those folks shut up, to whatlittle theatre there is. Hey, don’t ya’ll articleappeared in JetMagazine that t~dked about this event,the HistoryDepatment effectivenessof the structureand the academic and intellectual momentarily,when you casuallymentioned or realizethat without you we ain’tgot (my english, Black man who donatedtwo hundredthousand was making preparationfor the teachingmethods employed by Dr, population. Dr. Lewis is no Schoolof Economicswas the final dollarsto a metropolitanBallet company. 1 showedthem the latestcopy of my labor.I can not the MFA’s)no theatre?What aboutbooks? arrivalof a newprofessor to instruct Lewisvaried. There were some, who exception. Lewis successfully step in his strive for academic JohnA. Williams’The Junior Bachelor Society is could’rethought about a wholebunch of Black still rememberyou relatingsome of these the Afro-Americancourses offered. not only questionedhis methodsof completedhis undergraduatework excellence.It was here that Lewis outof print(recently made into a mini-seriesfor artsorganizations that would have put that money incidencesto me andthen saying, "That’s nuthin Theseactions informed the publicof teaching,but also questionedhis at the prestigiousFisk University, capturedthe esteemedDoctorate television).AI Young’s Sitting Pretty is out of to gooduse, but then this is a freecountry, folks you shouM pay attentionto son, they just the exact intentions of the qualificationsfor becoming an receivinga Bachelor of Artsdegree in degreeof Philosophy,in European print.My copysays on theback cover, "Soon to can give theirmoney to whomeverand whatever jealous,that’s all.....just jealous. departmentconcerning Tolbert’s instructor of Afro-American history and philosophy in continuedon page 15 be a majormotion picture starring Bill Cosby." I they want.My pointis that thereare Black Therehave been times when l’ve feh that.., that see.Your book has to be outof printbefore it’s individualsand companies that can afford to put kindof logicmade a wholelotta sense. For marketable as a movie or television theirnames and financialsuppport behind Black Dorothy Smith: Board Member Dedicated instance,when our current president decided it property??????? Black studentsfought, artsinstitutions. Why don’t they? was time to do some seriouscutting of the demonstrated,sat in and sometimesgot expelled Now, any saneperson would look at many of NationalEndowment for the Arts.Fve takenthe so thatBlack Studies programs could be instituted to Education the thingsi’ve just mentioned, coupled with a numberone priority is to havehigher sciences,Smith saw thistrend as the deedpersonally because it’s right about now that I on collegecampuses. How come Blackstudents intendsto do whilein office. strongdesire to succeedand decidethat this expectations of students. ’It resultof negativesocietal influences, willbe eligiblefor the NEA’sFellowships for aren’ttaking the classes? We stilldon’t have a Dorothy pursued her goal of Playwrights.! used to takecomfort in thefact that theatre,or artstuff is forthe birds. Get out there surprisesme that people in the ’we haveinternalized that we cannot majorBlack publishing house that producesa teachingafter graduating from Case and becomea computeranalyst or engineeror educationalworld have lost that achieveand have been discouraged I am alsoa goodteacher and haveon occasion steadystream of books,let alone a distribution plumber.For me thosealternatives just aren’t Western Reserve University in frompursuing hard sciences... I tell madeends meet as wellas enjoyedthe mental systemthat will ensure these books getting to ideal.’ realistic.First off I’m lousy in math.Secondly, i Cleveland,Ohiowith a degree in my studentsto take one page at a stimulusthe classroom can provide, l figured that outletsin the community.Black people have When asked about the sittingin frontof a computerconsole or bending English.She is currentlyteaching time,but theymust start early.’ She ! willalwa)’s be curiousand learning and most madegains, not the least of whichare attributed to surmounting economic problems definitelywilling to sharewhat I’ve discovered. over a draftingboard most of the day would English and African-American suggeststhat students also deviate the burgeoningpockets of the middleclass. I thatcollege students face in viewof Rightabout now I havethe feeling I’d like to go probablykill me quick,drive me to an earlygrave historyat San DiegoCity College. It fromtheir major of studyin orderto know,folks. It soundslike a gripelist a milelong. Reaganomics, Smith’s comments backto janitorialwork or washingdishes. I guess (atleast I’d be ableto afforda damntombstone). was here that she encounteredthe developa wellrounded and flexible Notreally a gripelist, lust an agendafor work. were twofold.First she does not i don’tknow what to makeof thestudents lsee in Sweatingin frontof a typewriteris more my style. many Black students with education,ultimately as a meansof There’saiot to be done.We havenot "made it." If believethat students are utilizing the classroomthese da)’s. It’s possible I’m Creatinga wormto my ownspecifications is more educationaldeficiencies,which personalgrowth. ’This will help us to in thenext twenty years ! canhelp to re-establisha to my liking,or mayberighting some wrong, theirresources efficiently now. She removedfrom the mainstreamor have somehow eventuallyprompted her to run for developa bettersense of self. theatre,then I’ll feel that all this screaming and tellingsome tale that folks will read or seeand talked of students who do not gottentrapped into some kind of pocketof office. Smith credits her wide Withouta senseof self,we haveno holleringI’m doing now won’tbe in vain. walkaway moved to act,dance, feel joyous, tap prioritizetheir educational needs well...apathv.It’sas if 1954to ! 972never existed marginalvictory to thefact that the direction." Then! think,well many of thesefolks were too When! sayre-establish a theatre I am talking theirfeet and moveon throughlearning, living communityrecognized her sincerity abovethat of buyingcars or fixingup aboutthe principles and tenets on whichthe Black Her adviceto otherBlack women youngto understandthe issues raised, fought and andlovin their Black beautiful selves. That’s not DorothySmith in Wantingto improvethe public their apartments. ’We must be TheatreArts Movement began. Our art has to be sayingthat white folks aren’t human.., that white seekingsuccess: ’Be as gooda person died for. When ! mentionMalcolm X, Martin Memberof the San Diego City educationsystem,and because she willingto sacrificematerial things functionalWe still need artists, writers, actors, folksdon’t tap their feet, offbeat, that they don’t as you canbe, acquirean attitudeof ~ LutherKing, H. Rap Brown,Stokely Carmicheal,. SchoolBoard didnot seek personal political gains. andlive on the barebones...students P it’sas if I wastalking about Venus Invaders or directors,designers and producers dedicated to danceor feeljoyous. Good I’m glad for ’era. l just shouldconsider school as a career.’ serviceto mankind,which is thebasis Smith is now a member of the something.I suspect there are a wholehost of creatingpositive images of Blackpeople for the ain’t(’scuse the MFA)concerned with ’era. You Secondly,Smith does not believe forbeing satisfied with self and being stageand screen and then finding the energy and couMsay they are not the focus of my priorities.! Policy Making Board which sets reasonsfor this, none the least of which is thefact by Robyn Broughton thatmuch of thequality of education successfulin onesprofession.’ This, knowhow to distributeand movethese works so am alsonot foolish enough to believethat there policyfor the"170 public schools in thatthese people don’t command the mediaas and Kevin Brooks is supplied by economic means, shesays, is howwe findreward in our thatthey are vie~ed b v allsegments of theBlack arethrongs of Blackfolks out there waiting for me t. . . theyonce did. It’s also a certaintythat most She is a chestnutbrown’Woman the San Diegoarea. She is directly characterizing’attitudes’ as the main own achievements.As a memberof community.We need more cooperationamong tellit like it is either. Call it blind faith, but l just studentsdon’t read as muchas theyshould~ It’s who stands about 5 foot 6, and responsiblefor 42, encompassingthe the Blacksociety, she believeswe Blacktheatres in termsof touringand sharing of knowif theyget a chanceto seeme, they’ll dig me. source of student achievements, alsoa certaintythat man)’ of the booksthat flashesa dazzling,confident smile. Southeastarea,where the majorityof must serve the community.’Every materials,know how and expertise. If you get my meaning. ’committment doesn’t cost containthe information that they need in orderto Her warmthinclines one to callher Blackchildren attend school. When anything.... creatinga positive generationhas tried to makeit better Few projects,black projects,are being A t thethreshold. A bout to comeroaring ou1 of asked what she wants to change understandthe sigmficance of thestruggle, are Dorothy,her assertivedemeanor environment,inculcating into our for the next generation;its our rapidl)’disappearing.from print.! don’tthink it’s thestarting gate. Poised with strength, ready to producedon televisionor for thatmatter in commandsthe respectof Ms. Smith. whilein officeshe says her main goal studentssome discipline and having responsibility.’ my paranoiathat.forces me to believethat this is featurefilms for viewing in thenation’s theatres. strike.Molten steel hammered,banged and is ’tosee the pupil become ihe center DorothySmith, in her mid thirties, the attitudethat all studentscan Dorothy Smith is definitely notan accident. The raretime a productionmakes it to the air tempered..strong....sensitiveandpoised to use of the educationalsystem,’ as a wasrecently elected to theSan Diego learn,’is whatshe believes success in communityoriented. Aside from her A II themore reason for me to write.That is not wavesor thenation’s theatres it takeson larger everl’ligament, muscle and ounce of creativeju-.ju meansof changingthe attitudesof City School Board by an schoolis allabout. professionalinvolvements she is a to saythat it hasbeen easy or willbe easy.To the thanlife dynamics.! just take myselfas an to do it.I’m coming, .folks. l’m coming and the overwhelmingmajority of votes. students toward education.’We worldain’t never gonna be thesame. When asked about the large metiiberof Women Incorporated,a contrary.I see hard times comin, fast and furious. exampleand ! knowmy actionsare not that rare, I The People’sVoice conductedan need to look at individualstudent ----~. ~ ..,.-~-~ _ :- ...... ,~,o=- :,x~,~,,,,__ FarrellJ. Foreman percentageof Blacksmajoring in the civic organizationof Black women interviewwith her to seeexactly who needs,and tailorprograms to fit .-:...... _...... _..... -=. = c--__ Dorothy Smith is, and what she these needs’, Smith said. Her socialsciences instead of thephysical 14 15 CONTINUA TIONS

The Chlldern January 18th Unity continued from page 2 The Road Is Long but,career and personalsuccess is Programs which provide continuedfrom page 2 Jury Conviction Reaganrecovery plan. continuedfrom page 1 foreign people, countries and continuedfrom page 7 not basedin academicsalone. Each importantservices to encourage againstothers. They werekids who continuedfrom page 3 At thispoint, there have been few UCSD LiteratureDepartment, gave religions,then and onlythen will we processes,and minoritycontacts of us has valuableideas and can attendance and retention of wantedto makeit on theirown, kids fathertold the judge: "I feelthat this viablesolutions forwarded to the a veryinformative as wellas moving be deservingof our truegreatness as whereapplicable. This organization, affectchange. Let’s not let die the disadvantagedstudents, such as who seemedto be tryingto prove is an errorin justice.I don’t see how masses of Black people for the talkon the youthmurders in Atlanta. a peoplenot cursedbut giftedwith like many others of its kind on stimulusinitiated by the foundersof Upward Bound and Talent Search, somethingto someone,perhaps to anybody anywhere could find my economiccrisis which we are in,but Dr. O’Neal brought out many life,joy, and power.Black students- campus,cannot survive without the the organization.The academic wouldbe drasticallycut. themselves. son guiltyof anythi/lg.It’s unjust, onething is clear,issues of economic interestingpoints in her talk.She we are one witha commondestiny-- inputof the studentsit represents.community,our parentsand our race and I willsay thatanywhere in the strengthneed to be addressedby spoke of similaritiesbetween the Not only is the Administration freedom, justice, and self Eric Middlebroodswas one of is callingupon each and every one of world." As the name indicates, the Blacksfirst and foremost.A study by victims,such as thelack of fathersin seekingtremendous cuts for 1983,it determination.In the prophetic thesekids. He was a loner,a quiet us to standup and be counted.Your organizationprimarily serves Kenneth B. Clark and John Hope theirhomes and familyhistories of is also trying to make further words of FrederickDouglass: "We 14-year-old.Eric’s case was different Faye Williamscould not believe contributionscan makea difference BLACK SCIENCE STUDENTS Franklinasserts that "economic insanity.She said that many, as well, reductionsin the currentyear’s needto organizesomething,...plan from thoseof the othermissing or whathad happenedto her son either. in both yourunderstanding of your including,Engineering and issuesare the key civil rights issues of had no mothersbut were raisedby budget. something.... learn from our murderedAltanta children; his life Shebelieves that the killer is a white prospectivecareer and makingthe ComputerSciences, Mathematics, the 1980’s,and the civil rights friendsof relatives.She mentioned It alsoappears that the UC system people.... develop our own had been threatenedbefore he was man whois stillat largein Atlanta. pathof a futureblack science student Physics,Psychology, etc. movement must be dramatically thatat leastthree of thevictims had has cut their number of Student community,...fightour enemies." murdered,yet the policedid nothing Manyof theother victim’s families moredirect. AffirmativeAction grants due to The perpetuationof the BSSO is Reagsnomics restructuredto bridge the gap been castrated-somethingthe news to protecthim. In March1980, Eric feel that Williams’conviction increases in the number of Dedicated Board Member directlydependent upon student continuedfrom page 11 betweenthe black underclassand media failed to make known. Dr. sawthree teenagers rob a friendnear representsno justicefor them. continuedfrom page 13 participation.Funds are allocated programs? blacks’who have made it.’ " O’Neal addressedother subjects applicants. hisschool. Later he agreedto testify that provides programs for and CamilleBell, whose 9 year-oldson, yearlyaccording to the numberof concerningthe murderssuch as the against them at a preliminary Solutionsto currentproblems CLSA Rutter attributedthe primary makes financialcontributions to Yusef,was killedin Novemberof studentsbenefitting and the overall role playedby the AtlantaPolice hearing.Eric testified, and after the mustbe basedon a correctvision of continuedfrom page 7 reasonfor fundingproblems to that Blackyouths. She also sits on the 1979,said: "The prosecutors’job was impactof the organizationon the Department,the fateof thefamilies hearing one of the defendants the currentstatus of Blacks.The --A committee was formed to of inflation."We figure the inflation EllensworthState HistoricPark to provehe was guiltyand theydid generalcampus. of each victimsubsequent to the Black community is under- facilitate the gathering and increasefor this next year is goingto Advisory Committee.They are a threatenedhim. After that, Eric was not."She went on to say:"For those murders,in additionto cases of afraidto go any fartherthan the The BSSOdoes serve a legitimate developed,that is thereis little transportationof suppliesto the be somewhere about $2.5-$3 groupof citizens,appointed by the familieslike mine, it willmean they missingBlack childrennow being function but, without student "productive"activity within Black ANC school in Morogoro, million."Aside from basicliving .Governor,that makes recommend- corner market. He received a will never know who killedtheir discoveredin other cities like Akron, involvementits existenceis in communities which can employ Tanzania.The schoolis badly in increases,one sourcesays students ations to the Department of telephonecall from a friendand children." Ohio and Hartford,Connecticut. jeopardy;juniors do becomeseniors Blackpeople. Reagan’s policy seeks need of books (academiccourse canexpect to faceincreases in fees Recreationon the developmentof abruptlyleft the apartment.The Prominentlocal officialswere booksas wellas all otheravailable O’Neal encouragedparticipation the only park devoted to the followingmorning he was found and eventually graduate. to ameliorateBlack unemployment whichwould bring the totalcost of confidentthat the trialwas just. literature), school supplies and the audience responded by preservationof Blackhistory. She behinda localbar, bludgeoned and Involvementin an organizationsuch by liftingup the whole national feesto around$1,100 next year. Atlanta Mayor Andrew Young (microscopes,chemical balances, as generatingdiscussion concerning sitson numerouscommittees, and is stabbedto death.His bicyclelaid a as thisnot onlygives one accessto economy. According to Lorenzo Aside from meeting necessary calledthe trial "eminently fair," and wellas pens,pencils, paper etc.,) and theorieson possiblemotives behind active’every weekend, every hour, few feetaway. valuable information but also Brown in Crisis magazine,this the killingsalong with possible deadlinesin advanceand working Dr. JosephLowery, president of the exposesone to studentgovernment solution may be right for the clothing(particularly for students everyday,’ serving the community. I wonder all the time what solutionsto the currentproblems ournoses into the groundduring the Southern Christian Leadership operations,budgetary design, and to "mainstream" of the American age5 to 18). When asked about her happened and how it happened. facing Black people in general. summer, we must tap outside Conference,said "there’s no reason influentialfaculty, staff and economy,which has its skillsand --A fund raisingcommittee was professionalgoals, Smith replied,’As Why didn’tthe policeprovide Eric Many of the solutionsdiscussed sources.Millions of dollarsin not to believethat they delivered community leaders. Another talents,the capital and entre- set up in orderto raise moneyto I grow, my goals grow."After her withprotection after his life had been focused on the growth and privatescholarships go to waste whatthey believed is a justifiable underlyingreward is thatit provides peneurialtraditions already in place carryout mailing,shipping and all termon the SchoolBoard is overshe threatened?This is somethingthat developmentof our youth,and the everyyear becausestudents do not verdict." a base wherefuture UCSD students in order to solve the cyclical otherprograms. plansto writeand contributeto the wouldhave been routine had he been prioritiesand interestthat we as knowtheyexist, not becausethere problemsof stagnationand inflation white. JudgeCooper sentenced Williams can obtain psychologicalpeer All individualsinterested in collegestudents should possess, and are no qualifiedapplicants. There educationalknowledge regarding the to twoconsecutive life prison terms. supportas wellas havingaccess to a currentlybeing experienced.But workingtowards the liberationof theemphasis that we as Blackpeople are scholarshipswith eligibility Blackexperience. Dorothy Smith is Our childrencontinue to suffer He willbe eligiblefor parole review wealth of broad ranging Blacksface structural barriers to the SouthernAfrica are invitedto attend must put upon raising our own requirementsranging from being indeeda success. and die, and untilwe as a people in sevenyears. The defensesaid that information.Academic survival is economyand will not necessarily the next meeting.In addition,all children. Furthermore, the left-handedto havinga low grade recognizethat their sufferings and it waslikely to appealthe case. definitelya priority with all students benefitfrom any successof the organizaiionsthat are interestedin importanceof us supportingand point average.The library is a theirdeaths are alsoour sufferings workingwith CLSA are encouraged working in our own Black primarysource of informationin andour deaths,it willcontinue. For The Now Prof. continuedfrom page 13 betweenthe rich minorityand the Rev.King, Jr. on onlytwo occasions, to send members.Look for future communities was emphasized. locatingthese scholarships. Black the horrorin Atlantais reallyour History speacializingin modern economicallypoor majority,Dr. the research which lead to the meetings. Indeed,Dr. O’Nealdelivered a heart studentsmust begin researching and horror- ourresponsiblity. If history France.Growi]tg up in the stateof Lewis’stay in Ghanaended after one synthesisof thispublication brought piercing,thought provoking address. applyingfor thesegran’ts. In hastaught us anything,it is thatthe Georgia,Dr. Lewisexplained that he year.He thenreturned to the United him intodirect contact with family Theintensity of her messagebrought addition there are sources of deathsof childreneventually means was exposedto many professionals States, and it was on to Howard members, close friends, fellow tearsto theeyes of manyin theroom assistancefor emergencysituations. the deathof a nation,and the death ,t... in his houshold.This exposurehas Universityfor oneyear, followed by students,influential scholars, and and that message will not only For example, the Urban League of a raceas a whole. undoubtedlybeen a propellingforce a positionat NotreDame,which also co-workersof the Civil Rights provoke thought but it will offersa one-timeloan of up to $100 in his attemptsto gain succcess lastedfor one year. Upon leaving Movement. Lewis has written a undoubtedlyproduce positive action foreducational purposes. througheducation. After reading Notre Dame, Dr. Lewis accepteda valuableand well researchedbook, among membersof the UCSD Black We mustthen put ourpriorities in Toure Speaks Haitian Refugees about Dr. Lewis’ eduactional positionat MorganState University, whichis significantespecially to community.It was certainlya day to order and ask ourselves how continuedfrom page 4 contmuedfrom page 3 backgroundand specialties,one where he remained for approxi- those who know of the name, Dr. remember. importantis our educationto us-how forms of government,but under while85 per centof the population might easily ask what causedthe matelyfive years. In 1976,he tooka MartinLuther King,Jr.; but, due to II corruptleadership. Financialaid much willwe sacrifice-howserious which lives in the mountainous transitionfrom EuropeanHistory, leave of absenceand traveledto the lack of reinforcementof the continuedJrom page 1 are we-howcan we helpone another. Duringthe questionand answer countrysideearn below what the thebulk of histraining, to African- France,where he completedresearch importanceof the movementand its the interestrate would jump from 9 If nothingelse we have one thing sectionof his lecture,Toure’s ideas WorldBank has establishedas the AmericanHistory. When asked the and documentationon the Dreyfus effectson America,theyhave very percentto marketrates--currently workingfor us - a brillianthistory of receivedth’e most antagoni/ttic absolutepoverty level of $135per reasonsfor such a drasticchange in Affair.Once again returning to the littleunderstanting of who he was, exceeding 19 percent. Graduate struggle through which we have responsefrom some of the white year.The livingconditions of the professionalfocus, Lewis was vague states, Lewis relocated his the beliefshe possessed,and the teachingof ethnichistory in general, studentswould be totallyeliminated survived,it is timeto prepare. studentsin attendance.Some of Haitianpeople are at a squalorlevel, in his responsestating, "i sortof professionalcareer at theUniversity qualityof hisleadership. Lewis commented,"Untilrecently, from this program.Presently more these responsesto Kwame Toure’s whilePresident Jean-Claude (Baby backedinto it becausemy training of the Districtof Columbia.Prior to Dr. Lewisis currentlyinvolved in thingshave been polarizedand the than 50 percent of the nation’s ideasand statementson socialism Doe) Duvalier does nothing to was not in Afro-AmericanHistory. coming to UCSD, Dr. Lewis ressearchaddressing a narrow series topicshave so muchthat is political graduate students depend upon reflecteda view which, no doubt,was improvethe lot of the people.Baby Writingthe Kingbook was a turning conductedhistorical research at the of historicalevents spanning the andthat is sensitive,that it hastaken GSL’sto financetheir education. shaped partly by the biases Doe inheritedhis dictatorshipfrom point.A turnlngpolnt in termsof my Center for Advance Studies of periodof 1896--1898,which lead to untilnow to desensitizecourses like Reagan’s plan, which reduces formulatedform Westernmedia. his father Francois(PaiSa Doc) interestin thefleld." BehaviorialScience, in Palo Alto, the end of the scramblefor Africa, that to presentthem just as more This reflectedthe quintessenceof Duvalier,tvho reigned through California.Here, he completedhis studentaid 45 percentbelow the I am surethe university also found and the triumph of one European history.It isn’tAfro-American or what Toure spokeof when he spoke terrorand repression.The security most recent and popular current 1981-82 Academic Year Dr. Lewis’ teachingexperiences power over another. This HispanicHistory--any history of a of the effectsof the manipulative police of Haiti, the Tontons publication,When Harlem Was In levels,calls for a 40 percentreduction equally as impressive as his comparitiveresearch is basedon the minoritygroup or subcultureis no media Vogue,and anotherbook focusing in PollGrants, a 28 percentcut inl Macoutes,established during "Papa educationalbackground. Proceed- rolenative East Africans played, in differentfrom any other kind of Doe’s" regime, are reported on the bicentennialhistory’ of College Work-Study, and three It is alwayseducational to listen to ing WorldWar II, Lewisinstructed whatis knownas the PashotaCrisis, history.Just maybemore novelin major programs--Supplemental a man of Toure’s stature. His harassingthe Haitian citizens MedievalEuropean History at the America. andthe alternativecourse of events terms of the informationbeing Grants(SEOG),National Direct experiencein the struggleand throughbrutal end coercive tactics. traditionalLondon campus of the Dr.. Lewis mentioned that a which could have transpired, presented".Speaking as a historian, Dr. Lewisstressed a necessityfor StudentLoans, and State Student currentactivism served as a sourceof Meanwhile, Haitian refugees Universityof Ghana,in WestAfrica. turningpoint in his career was effectingthe entire state of theworld Sondra O’Neal speaks at Martin objectivityand balancewhen dealing IncentiveGrants--are proposed for knowledge for those who were remaintoday in Americandetention Due to the turbulentsocial and sparkedby the writingof KING:A as it existstoday. LutherKing celebration withall topics in history. elimination. present. campswith near prisoner status. political~tmosphere, which existed Biography.Although Lewis met the When asked his views on the 16 BLACK CULTURAL COURSES OFFERED SPRING ’82

Communication and criticismof results.Prerequisite: Drama 30 or Literature/English Culture consent of instructor. (Drama 16 183 Themesof Afro-AmericanLiterature-- recommended) Taughtby the stimulatinglecturer Dr. Sondra 136 AfricanOral Literature-- This course analyzesthe media influencesthat bring O’Neale, this course is an extensive aboutchanges in socialbehavior, styles, and examinationof a characteristictheme, tradition.Topics in this couresinclude History specialissue, or periodin Afro-American relationsbetween language and culture, literature.Note: May be repeatedfor credit 27 Africa--The courseanalyzes the process whentopics vary. crosscultural communication processes and of Africanstates emerging to independent problems,and mediaas a formof cultural nations.It also dissectsthe processof 136 AfricanOral Literature--The central expression. independence,post independenceproblems concern of this course will be the Dance suchas neocolonialism,military coups, and developementand use of a methodologyto economicdevelopement. analyzethe aspectsof performance,and Afro-CubanJazz Dance--An exuberantand compositionand educationin oraltraditional energizingjazz dance course, with cultural 153 The South from Slaveryto Freedom-- contentaccented by a liveconga player. It will The focusof the courseis on the American be heldon the west-balconyin the maingym South during the 19th century as the Music from 2:30-3:50 pm on Mondays and transitionwas made from slaveryto new 95G GospelChoir-- A two unitcourse, which Wednesdays,instructed by the talented formsof socialorganization. Specific topics is based on music participation and Sandra Foster-King.Enrollment is not include:the plantation system, race relations, performance. necessary-justshow up preparedfor a good Afro-Americancultural life, slave resistance, workout. planters and yeomen, the coming and Sociology meaningof the CivilWar, Reconstruction, 188A SocialChange in Africa--(numbered Drama postwarlabor relations, and the rise of 144 priorto 1981-82)The processof social 136B Black TheatreEnsemble-- Thesecond agrarianradicalism. Prerequisite: upper change in African communities, with portionof a two part coursedesigned to divisionstanding or permissionof instructor. emphasison changingways of seeingthe generatetheatre created by the ensemble 159B Afro-AmericanHistory-- The second worldand the effects of religionand political usingplays in theblack repertoire. Intimate half of a two part course,covering the philosophieson socialchange. The methods involvementis necessaryto extractthe historicalperiod from the early 1900’s to the and data used in various village and detailedcontent of theensemble, from’initial presentand dealsdirectly with the Afro- communitystudies in Africawill be critically play analysesto actual performanceand American. examined. ,atom= NEEDED: VOLUNTEERS BE A PEER COUNSELOR!!!! .Sophomores,Juniors, Seniors with a 2.5GPA HYPERTENSION CLINIC ¯ Activein studentorganizations. ¯ like workingwith students(solvingpersonal, social, The BSSO is sponsoringa series of hypertensionseminars academic,and financialproblems) ;ulminatingwith a threeday clinicto educateand screenthe UCSD .w We needvolunteers in the followingareas: APPLY BEFORE MARCH 31 ¯ studentsto give 10 minute lecturesin classrooms. If interestedin peercounseling, come to OASISUnderground(HL 1254) ¯ studentswilling to learnhow to takeblood Tuesday,March 30, between pressure. ¯ publicrelations with the community. AFRO.ARTS Inter, ed students please contact Kim Dixon, x4744,x2152,x4083, or write: BSSO, Student Center, B--023. Thank You. A FineSelection of: fm i,m n m mm m m m m m mmn m n mm m m mm u m mm mm n m m n mmm n m n nm WallPrints : Unity,in the Community.i Statues Gifts : i atlon, etc.

: I I: *Black Students’Union(BSU) I m Look for meeting early Spring Quarter I m ThePeople’s Voice Non-ProfitOrl., m StudentOrganizations U.S.Pomta|e : *BlackScience Students Organization(BSSO) m ! UC San Diego,B-023 Paid m La Jolla,Ca. 92093 LaJolla Calif. Gettingprepared for hypertensionclinic and other importantactivities, I I PermitNo. 256 : *The People’sVoice(TPV) m m ! I x2152-Needswriters, typists, and and generalstaffers, m ! ! I I m m *BlackFaculty & Staff Association(BFSA) m m Facultyand Staff need your support,too! ! m Lm m m m m n,m, m m m mmm, m m m u m m m m m mmm m mm m m m m m m m m m m m=m