The ’ Reel Team:

London: Jeju: Candice Chen Cindy Kim Celine Markantonis June Hyun Kia Popat Jay Joh Shivanti Sugmar Yaejin Son Luxmi Thayaparan Sherry Yuan - Editor Raina Uppal - Editor

The Story of Achilles’ Heel

Luxmi Thayaparan

Long, long ago, a beautiful young maiden lived amongst the streams and forests in the Greek mountains. She loved nothing more than to dance and sing. Her name was Thetis. One day, Thetis gave birth to a baby boy. His father was Peleus, King of the Myrmidons. Thetis called her son Achilles. Her love for the baby was so deep that she tried to make him immortal. Holding the child by his ankle she submerged him in the magical waters of the river Styx. The years passed and Achilles grew into a strong and passionate young man. He became a warrior and was involved in many bloody battles. The deaths of his closest friends and companions enraged Achilles and he fought his enemies so furiously that the river god Scamander complained. The waters of the river were choked with the bodies of all the men Achilles had slaughtered. Achilles himself seemed invincible in battle. One calm summer day Achilles fell in love with a beautiful princess called Polyxena. The couple had a secret weeding but Paris, a jealous enemy of Achilles, spied on them. Taking his bow, Paris shot Achilles. The arrow pierced the only vulnerable part of Achilles’ body, the only part which had not been protected by the magical waters of the river Styx: his heel. The arrow found his only weak spot. Achilles was mortally wounded. He was struck down and died.

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Achilles’ Reel

Contents

The Story of Achilles’ Heel ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(2) The Classics Trip to Greece ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..(4) Cyclopes in ………………………………………………………………………………………………….(5) The Foot Race of and Her Previous Life …………………………………………………………………….(6) Gold and Silver Axe (Korean, English and Latin) ………………………………………………………………………(8) and Icarus Comic ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(10) Latin Insults & Spells ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(11) Why study Classics? Interviews with the Classics teachers ……………………………………………………(12) The Myth of Prometheus ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(14) The Cryptic Myth Anagram ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(15)

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The Classics Trip to Celebrating Diwali on the beach in Tolon Greece

Raina Uppal

During the half-term, I went on the Classics trip to Greece with thirty other girls and Mr Linscott, Ms Sams, Dr Park and Mrs Hedges. It was a fantastic trip, both fun and educational.

The main focus was visiting the famous archaeological sites, such as Delphi, where Parthenon Museum, but we did not see the the Oracle used to inhale volcanic fumes and real Parthenon marbles because they are in prophesise. To consult the oracle, people the British Museum. We had a heated would purify themselves in the spring debate about whether the British Museum outside the sanctuary, sacrifice a goat and should return the Parthenon Marbles to hand in a question on a lead tablet. The Greece. ( I think the Britain will make Greece answers were sometimes very confusing. ‘lose its marbles’…) Croesus of Lydia was told that by waging war on Persia he would destroy a great empire. Corinth was also really interesting and I was He did: his own! particularly intrigued by the gory clay

sculptures of brains and swollen legs, which We also went to Olympia, where in 776 BC, the ancient Greeks used for diagnosis and the first Olympic Games were held. They surgery. What surprised me most about happened every four years in honour of Corinth is that none of the columns are . In the ancient times, the Olympic Corinthian – all of them are of the Doric sports were much more limited. Athletes order. In fact, Corinthian columns were only competed in running, boxing, discus designed three hundred years later. throwing, equestrian events or pankration, a very violent version of wrestling, that In addition to these very famous sites, we sometimes ended in death because there also went to Tolo, next to the sea. We went were no rules whatsoever. We were very down to the beach for paddling in the waves excited to be in this well-preserved ancient and for a Diwali celebration. We even visited city. Many of us even ran our own race down settlements more ancient than the ancient a quarter of the track. Greeks, for example Mycenae, which

contains tablets written in Linear A and Another highlight was going to the Linear B. Parthenon in the Acropolis (‘high city’), dedicated to Athena. After seeing the I would recommend this trip to everyone breathtaking site, we went to the New who wants to discover the Classical world.

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Cyclopes in Greek Mythology

Celine Markantonis Acis. Polyphemus was angry and so killed Acis by throwing him off a rock. Acis’ blood, which flowed from his body as he died, made Cyclopes were single-eyed monster giants, a stream which still is called ‘Acis’ today. In lawless creatures who feared the Gods. The Homer’s poem, arrived on the word Cyclopes actually means, ‘round eye,’ island in his voyage to return home to Ithaca as they had a single rounded eye. It was after the . He found a cave and led thought that they were the sons of Gaea and his men in, not knowing that this was in fact Uranus and the workmen of Hephaestus, the cave of Polyphemus. The Cyclops, when working in the heart of the volcanic he returned, sealed the cave door and mountain Etna. However in Homer’s famous subsequently ate a few of the men. epic poetry, the , the Cyclops, Odysseus managed to trick Polyphemus into Polyphemus, was a son of the God Poseidon drinking his wine and telling Polyphemus instead of Gaea. In his version, Homer that his name was ‘no-one’. describes the Cyclopes as shepherds living in

Sicily who ate humans and lived in caves. Once the Cyclops was asleep, the men

stabbed him in the eye with a giant wooden The most famous Cyclops, Polyphemus, was stake. When Polyphemus told the other a monster who ate men. The story goes that giants that he had been attacked, he he fell in love with a called Galatea couldn’t say by who as he was only able to who rejected him for another, a man named say, “no one blinded me!”

“Nobody, my friends, is trying to kill me by violence or treachery.”

Candice Chen

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The Foot Race of Atalanta and Her Previous Life June Hyun and when they instead found Atalanta alone in the cave while the she-bear was out, they kidnapped her and sent her back to the village.

She learnt there how to speak and live humanely, but her nature still remained. Her stare could make any seasoned warrior step back, and by fourteen she could shoot an arrow and wield a knife better than anyone else in the village. At the age of sixteen, people started to try to make her marry. She ran away into the woods. Having murdered a man, she did not want to hurt anyone else.

There, she lived in a cave halfway up a mountain, and nobody was her neighbour except for , who knew better than Atalanta was a Greek heroine and the anyone how to get close to her. However, princess of Arcadia. She was a fierce hunter, one day two young drunken centaurs named equal to any Greek hunters and heroes, and Rhoikos and Hylaios planned to kidnap surely must have had greater skills than Atalanta and force her to marry them. When them. This is why her name is Atalanta, they tried to, she shot an arrow through meaning in Greek ‘equal in weight’. Rhoikos’ forehead and Hylaios’ heart. That was when her reputation began to spread, Her father was Iasus, king of Arcadia. Like and over all Greece there was a rumour most Greek kings, he wanted a son to about a female hunter with blonde hair, who continue his dynasty, but his first child ran faster than the wind and shot with turned out to be a female. He was not happy, deadly accuracy. Some people thought she and took the procedure most Greek kings was the goddess Artemis in human form. As would take, of abandoning his child on a a result, one day, a man called mountain top. Baby Atalanta must have sought her help to kill a giant boar named cried and brawled for so long that finally a the Calydonian Boar. This had been sent by she-bear came to see what was happening, Artemis as a curse on the kingdom of and when the bear saw the girl in a pitiful Calydon, since the king there, named state she took her to her cave and acted as Oeneus, had not made a sacrifice to Artemis. Atalanta’s mother. Atalanta grew up there for few years and learnt the natural ways of Fierce Atalanta drew the first blood in the living and how to be fierce like a bear. She hunt for the boar. Even though she wanted feared nothing except human hunters. One to go back to the wilderness, as had day, two hunters came to hunt some bears, Meleager died from a quarrel in the family,

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the boar incident made her more famous. she stopped to look at them. Hippomenes News of it eventually reached King Iasus, crossed the finish line first. causing him to decide to bring his daughter back home. They both knew that they were That night they married, and they were both from the same family, because they went to very happy. After a year together, they had a an oracle about the same time. From the son called who later became oracle, Iasus learned that Atalanta was his a great warrior. They could have lived daughter and Atalanta learned that she happily ever after… could not avoid marriage, even though she had sworn to remain a virgin. When she got …except that Hippomenes forgot to pay a back to the kingdom, she said she would only sacrifice to as a symbol of marry a suitor if he defeated her in a race. gratitude for the golden . One day,

The rule was that the suitors would race her one-to-one, and if Atalanta could catch the suitor before he crossed the finish line, she could kill him. Otherwise, he could marry her. On the first day suitors came from all over Greece to challenge her and all the people who dared to try were dead.

A few months later, a man called Hippomenes was in town, and out of curiosity he went to see the race. As soon as he saw Atalanta, he fell in love with her, and when the race ended, he approached her, and talked to her to challenge her. He was the grandson of Poseidon. Atalanta for the first time felt some emotion for a man, and wanted to save him, but she couldn’t as Iasus, her father, was watching.

Meanwhile after he left the stadium, when the couple was passing a shrine to Hippomenes thought of a way to win the Zeus, Aphrodite did her magic in Mt. race. He went to the shrine of Aphrodite, and Olympus, and made them publicly display of after praying he got three golden apples affection in Zeus’s shrine, causing Zeus to from Aphrodite. She told him to use them to curse Hippomenes and Atalanta, turning buy a few seconds when Atalanta got too them into lions. Some say that a goddess close as the apples were irresistible to her. named harnessed them to pull her At the race, whenever Atalanta got too close chariot, but most of the time they prowled to him, he threw the apples, and even the wilderness. And they all lived happily though Atalanta tried to ignore the apples, NEVER after.

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금도끼 은도끼: Gold Axe & Silver Axe ascia aurea et ascia argentea Minhee Shin, Cindy Kim, Jay Joh The Gold Axe and Silver Axe is a traditional Korean fairy tale

1. 옛날에 착한 나무꾼이 살았습니다. Once upon a time there lived a good woodcutter. olim, lignator bonus erat.

2. 이 나무꾼은 부모님을 극진히 모시는 효자였지만 무척 가난했습니다. He was a man who cared for his parents with all of heart. But he was poor. erat vir qui suos parentes toto animo procuravit. pauper autem erat.

3. 다른때와 같이 이 나무꾼은 나무를 하기 위해 산에 갔습니다. He used to go to the forest to cut down trees. ad silvas ibat ut arbores caederet.

4. 좋은 나무를 찾던 중 어떤 연못 옆에 있는 나무를 베기로 마음을 먹었습니다. One day, while he was searching for a tree to cut down, he decided to cut down a tree near a pond. olim, dum arborem quem caederet quaerebat, arborem quandam prope lacum sitam caedere constituit.

5. 열심히 도끼질을 하던 중 그만 실수로 그의 낡은 도끼를 연못에 빠뜨리고 말았습니다. While he was cutting down a tree, his old axe fell into the pond by mistake. dum arborem caedit, ascia antiqua in lacum lapsa est.

6. " 이를 어쩌지..저 도끼가 없으면 나무를 하지 못할 텐데 그럼 집에 계시는 부모님을 어떻게 모신담.." He said to himself, “Oh no. If I don't have my axe, I can't cut down trees and then I will not be able to earn any money. How will I take care of my parents?” sibi dixit, “pro di immortales. nisi asciam habeo, arborem caedere non possum – pecuniam igitur emere non potero. quomodo parentes provideam?

7. 하며 크게 슬퍼하며 울고 있었습니다. 그때 연못에서 산신령님이 나타나 나무꾼에게 물었습니다 He started crying because he was sad. Just then, the god of the mountains appeared from the pond and asked, lacrimabat quod tristis erat. illo tempore deus montium e laco apparens rogavit:

8. " 왜 그렇게 슬퍼하느냐? " "Why are you sad?” cur tristis es?

9. " 저는 나무꾼인데 나무를 하다가 그만 실수로 연못에 도끼를 빠뜨렸습니다.” "I am a woodcutter, and when I was cutting down the tree, my axe fell into the pond.” “sum lignator. dum arbore caedo, ascia in lacum lapsa est.”

10. 그 도끼가 없으면 전 돈을 벌 수가 없습니다." If I don't have my axe, I won’t be able to earn any money”he answered. « nisi asciam habeo, pecuniam merere non possum,” respondit.

11. " 그렇다면 내가 도끼를 찾아주마" 하며 산신령님이 사라졌습니다. 8

"I am willing to bring you your axe.” said the god of the mountains. The god of the mountains disappeared. “asciam inveniam,” deus montium dixit. tum evanuit.

12. 곧 금도끼를 가지고 나타나 " 이 도끼가 네 도끼냐?" 하며 물었습니다. The god soon appeared with a gold axe. He asked, “Is this gold axe yours?” deus cum ascia aurea mox apparuit. “haec ascia aurea est tua?” rogavit.

13. " 아닙니다. " ”No it isn't.” he answered. “minime,” lignator respondit.

14. 다시 사라지더니 은도끼를 가지고 와서는 " 이 은도끼가 네 도끼냐?" 라고 물었습니다. The god disappeared again. He came back with a silver axe. He asked, “Is this silver axe yours?” deus iterum evanuit. cum ascia argentea revenit. “haec ascia argentea est tua?” rogavit.

15. " 그것도 아닙니다" The woodcutter answered, “No it isn't.” “minime.” lignator respondit.

16. " 그럼 이 낡은 쇠도끼가 네 도끼냐?" He asked, “Then is this old metal axe yours?” “itaque haec ascia antiqua metallica est tua?” rogavit.

17. " 맞습니다. 그것이 제 도끼입니다." The woodcutter answered, “Yes. It's mine.” “ita vero, haec est meus.” lignator respondit.

18. 산신령님은 흐뭇한 미소를 지으며 " 정직한 나무꾼이구나 The god of the mountains said with a smile, “You are very honest. deus montium ridens dixit, “ honestissimus es.

19. 너의 정직함에 대한 상으로 이 세 개의 도끼를 너에게 모두 주마" I will give you all three axes as a reward.” ego tibi has tres ascias praemium dabo.”

20. 하며 세 개의 도끼를 모두 나무꾼에게 주었습니다. 나무꾼은 부모님과 행복하게 살았습니다. The god gave him all three axes. The woodcutter and his parents lived happily ever after. deus ei tres ascias dedit. lignator cum parentibus semper postea felices vivebant.

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Interviews with the Classics Teachers

Dr Park:

What is Classics?

Classics is the study of Greek and Roman civilisation, which includes literature, history, philosophy, language, and art. It’s also the study of ourselves and the study of the roots of all Western culture.

Who is your favourite Greek author?

My favourite Greek author is Plato, because he combines an astonishing poetic imagination with philosophical brilliance. His ideas have shaped the whole course of Western philosophy.

If you could be any hero at their moment of glory, who would you be?

I would be Odysseus, because he liked travelling and was always curious to learn new things.

Why do you think it’s still relevant to study Classics today?

You can enlarge your English (and Italian, French, Spanish…) vocabulary, because there are so many words that come from Latin. It also helps you understand your own culture better.

What do you think about modern adaptations of Classical texts?

A work of literature or a myth is like a meme; it’s something that you can reuse for different purposes in different contexts and eras. Just as the Romans adapted Greek literature to reflect on the concerns of their own society, so we today can recontextualise stories and imagery from Greek and Latin literature in light of our own preoccupations.

Words of wisdom:

“I am a lover of learning” – Plato, Phaedrus “φιλομαθὴς γάρ εἰμι”

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Mr Pope:

What is Classics?

It is the study of the Graeco-Roman world and the languages of Greek and Latin.

What is your favourite Classical text?

Ovid’s and Amores. is my favourite Latin author because he stretches the possibility of language to its limit. The way he uses language can convey the beauty of words more than you possibly can in English.

If you could be any hero at their moment of glory, who would you be?

I would be when he plays the lyre and makes Cerberus fall asleep because I love Classical music, opera and arts. Also, the story of Orpheus does not include violence.

Why do you think it’s still relevant to study Classics today?

NLCS is a school with incredibly gifted students. Classics is difficult, yet incredibly rewarding, and it is the most versatile of subjects. Also, studying Latin greatly boosts your English vocabulary and makes learning MFL easier.

What do you think about modern adaptations of Classical texts?

Modern adaptations can be a wonderful gateway – students from a young age who have read adaptations get passionately engaged with the myths. However, older students should not rely too much on adaptations because parts of the actual stories are lost in them.

Words of wisdom: “Now we must beat the ground with a free foot” (Horace) “nunc pede libero pulsanda tellus”

This expresses the joy of living and liberation.

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Latin Insults and Spells

Kia Popat

Have you ever wanted to insult people in Latin? If you ever feel the need to complain about getting too much homework from a teacher or someone standing in the middle of the corridor, Latin insults can be far more subtle and creative than English ones. Modern swear words are so overrated! This is the beginner’s guide for Latin insults, put into context. (Just remember: first check that whoever you’re insulting has not done Latin before.)

1. When it’s noisy in the lunch queue: “tace atque abi” (shut up and go away) 2. When a teacher gives you homework on a non-homework day: “legirupa” (law-breaker) 3. When your friend wants to copy your homework: “mi molesta ne sis” (don’t bother me) 4. When Year Sevens walk down the corridor in a line, blocking everyone’s way: “scelerum caput” (completely outrageous)

Here are my favourite spells from Harry Potter:

Spell: Accio Spell: Expelliarmus Purpose: Summoning charm Purpose: Disarms opponent Meaning: accio = I summon Meaning: expello = I banish; arma = weapons Spell: Lumos Spell: Nox Purpose: Creates light Purpose: Creates darkness Meaning: lumen = light Meaning: nox = night Spell: Obliviate Spell: Stupefy Purpose: Erases memory Purpose: Stuns your enemy Meaning: obliviscor = I forget Meaning: stupeo = I am stunned

In Ancient Rome, people wrote curse tablets on lead, called defixiones, against people they didn’t like. One, found in the sacred spring of Bath, goes like this: “Docilianus, son of Brucerus, to the most holy goddess Sulis. I curse him who has stolen my hooded cloak, whether man or woman, whether slave or free, that… the goddess Sulis inflict death upon… and not allow him sleep or children now or in the future, until he has brought my hooded cloak to the temple of her divinity.”

Many of these tablets use magical words like bescu, berebescu, bazagra to increase the effect! Why not have a go at writing your own curse tablet… in Latin.

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Raina Uppal

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The Myth of Prometheus

Ihyun Nam

Since time immemorial, the enlightening Greek myths about heroes and gods have intrigued many communities and cultures. Some myths survive through centuries due to people who passed them on by word of mouth. Very few stories have remained continuously popular up to the present. One of the few is the myth of Prometheus.

Prometheus was a Titan: that is, a giant. Little is known about his family background, but we know that his father was called Iapetus and his mother was Clymene. Prometheus was very clever, and he empathised with humans. In Greek mythology, fire was a privilege of gods, who were keen to keep the legacy to themselves in order for humans to remain inferior. However, Prometheus the empathiser could not help but share fire and a profound knowledge of metalwork with humans so that they, too, could enjoy the refinements of civilisation.

However, the consequences of his sharing the gods’ esoteric gift were disastrous for Prometheus. In Greek mythology, ‘disaster’ involved some kind of unimaginably brutal punishment. In Prometheus’ case, Zeus chained him to a rock and sent an eagle to eat his liver. Even worse, as Prometheus was a Titan, and so an immortal being, his liver grew back every day and provided an everlasting meal for the eagle for eternity. As a result of helping humans, Prometheus was destined to suffer eternal torment.

Thus, in some cultures, Prometheus is regarded as a hero who saved mankind. Although no one can be sure if Prometheus was a real person or simply a creation of imagination, one thing is for sure: the myth of Prometheus will remain as one of the most renowned Greek myths of all times.

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The Cryptic Myth Anagram

1. ERPHEPOSE DAN SAHED …………………………………………………………………………………………

2. EHSSUET DAN ETH RUAMINOT ………………………………………………………………………………..

3. SDESSUOY ADN THE YPOSCLC …………………………………………………………………………………

4. UOSDESSY NAD NEEEPPLO …………………………………………………………………………………….

5. GNIK DIAMS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. DDEUSAAL NAD SUCRIA ……………………………………………………………………….…………….

7. EOSR NAD HPYCSE ………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. TEH DADIASNE ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Answers will be posted on the door of the Classics department

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Greek Mythology G Y U W D N Y M F A Q U R A D S Y U K E W V L Q W Q B L K D S B I A D I O S C N R K Q M W A E H N S W Q K Q R S X U S P I I L X Z R X L O S F E V Y V W D L L D J U Y L K T J H M T H D D I I O M A R E D Y Z S V O J X L O H T Q T R N I R N B E Z H L K R C U T N Z H J Z S E N P E X E T A E Z E G C B H I N H Z O A S U D E M C T A R S Q O X E E L R N P U O I A R L V U H S E E U C I U H E A L A U Q Q P D J C B S Y N N D C R J M Y I E C L B E A B C N N O F D S E I S R D D Q E E V U Z C G C C D E R C C B H U R D P E P S I Z S R E U U W J N R G A Q V M C U E P P E X S S X W E J R Persephone Homer Achilles Odyssey Iliad Cyclopes Centaurs Arachne Zeus Greece

For the answers, P.T.O.

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Greek Mythology – Answers! G Y U W D N Y M F A Q U R A D S Y U K E W V L Q W Q B L K D S B I A D I O S C N R K Q M W A E H N S W Q K Q R S X U S P I I L X Z R X L O S F E V Y V W D L L D J U Y L K T J H M T H D D I I O M A R E D Y Z S V O J X L O H T Q T R N I R N B E Z H L K R C U T N Z H J Z S E N P E X E T A E Z E G C B H I N H Z O A S U D E M C T A R S Q O X E E L R N P U O I A R L V U H S E E U C I U H E A L A U Q Q P D J C B S Y N N D C R J M Y I E C L B E A B C N N O F D S E I S R D D Q E E V U Z C G C C D E R C C B H U R D P E P S I Z S R E U U W J N R G A Q V M C U E P P E X S S X W E J R Persephone Homer Achilles Odyssey Iliad Perseus Medusa Cyclopes Centaurs Arachne Zeus Greece

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Latin Declensions Crossword

1 2

3 4 5 6

7 8 9

10 11 12

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Across Down 2. ‘food’ - accusative 1. ‘children’ - accusative 5. ‘priest’ - nominative 3. ‘enemy’ (plural) - genitive 7. ‘merchant’ – dative 4. ‘dining room’ - ablat ive 9. ‘young men’ - dative 6. ‘sword’ - accusative 10. ‘cit izen’ - nominative 8. ‘thief’ - genitive 11. ‘doors’ - genitive 10. ‘dinner’ - accusative 13. ‘slave’ – accusative 12. ‘shadow’ - ablative

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Latin Declensions Crossword – Answers

1 l 2 c i b u m b e r 3 h 4 t o o 5 s a c e r d o s s 6 g i t l 7 m e r c a t o r i a 8 f l u d 9 i u v e n i b u s m i r n u 10c i v i s 11i a n u a r 12u m e s o m n b a 13s e r v u m m a

Across Down 2. ‘food’ – accusative - cibum 1. accusat ive f orm of ‘children’ - liberos 5. ‘priest’ – nominative - sacerdos 3.‘enemy’ (plural) – genitive - hostium 7. ‘merchant’ – dative - mercatori 4.‘dining room’ - ablat ive - triclinio 9. ‘young men’ – dative - iuvenibus 6. ‘sword’ - accusative - gladium 10. ‘cit izen’ – nominative - civis 8. ‘thief’ – genitive - furis 11. ‘doors’ – genitive - ianuarum 10. ‘dinner’ – accusative - cenam 13. ‘slave’ – accusative - servum 12. ‘shadow’ - ablative - umbra

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