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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 544 Proceedings of the International Conference on Science and Technology on Social Science (ICAST-SS 2020) Development of Village Women Empowerment Model to Increase Income and Support the Regional Tourism Sector Through Community-Based Education Anastasia Imelda Sayd*, Yessi Susan Intan P. Benu Business Administration Department State Polytechnic of Kupang Kupang, Indonesia *[email protected], [email protected] Abstract—This current study focuses on developing a model tourism potentials. There are various tourism sites that can be for empowering village women through community-based enjoyed in this area, they are natural tourism (for example: education in Loborai Village, Sabu Timur District. This is since Raemea beach, Kelabba Maja, Liemadira Cave, Napae Beach, women in this village are less empowered due to an established Wuihebo Beach and Kolouju Beach) and cultural tourism. culture, lack of knowledge and skills and do not have Based on data from the Sabu Raijua Regency Tourism Office, entrepreneurial spirit. This research used Research & the number of both domestic and foreign tourist visits this Development (R&D) method with reference to the development Regency continues to increase, during 2018 the number of procedures of modified Borg and Gall model. This research was tourists who came was 16,513 people and increased sharply in also included in the type of action research and the data were the following year to 47,621 tourists, especially after one of the analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The development of the tourist attractions, namely Kelabba Maja won first place in the women empowerment model in Loborai village through community-based education started with the determination of API Awards, the Ministry of Tourism for the Most Popular participants. Next, the authors identified the problems and needs Hidden Paradise category. of the participants. Their problems were generally related to The development of tourism in Sabu Raijua Regency economy, education, social-culture and customs and the continues to be carried out by the local government and the environment. Based on the results of problem identification, the interest in visiting tourism objects in this area keep increasing, authors designed solutions to their problems which were but unfortunately local people are still unable to see this manifested in the form of community-based education as an condition as an opportunity for them to increase economic empowerment program for rural women. The given education and training was entrepreneurship (culinary) by utilizing local income. The economic income of the family depends solely on food and consisted of three stages; preparation, implementation the man as the head of the family who mostly work as farmers and mentoring. and fishermen. Women are less empowered to help earning a living because of an established culture, lack of knowledge and Keywords—women empowerment, community-based education skills and lack of entrepreneurial spirit. Rae Mea Beach, located in Loborai Village, East Sabu I. INTRODUCTION District, began to be visited besides Kellaba Maja. During Tourism sector is one of the most potential sectors to be 2019, there were 6,103 visitors travelled to this beach. developed as a source of regional income and support the Although many visitors have come to this tourist attraction, the improvement of people's economy. One of the impacts of public facilities available are still very minimal. Based on the tourism on the socio-economic conditions of the local observation result, there were only 2 small lopo (shelters) for community is the impact on people's income which will affect visitors on this beach. There was no single place that sells food the improvement of the welfare of the community in the tourist or drinks in this area. Meanwhile, to get to this place, it takes area itself [1,2]. Therefore, support and cooperation from 40 minutes to travel from the city centre; therefore, visitors various parties (the local government, businessmen and local must prepare their own food / drinks before traveling to this communities) are needed in optimizing this sector. beach. Local people who live around this tourist attraction were only impressed as spectators. They had not been able to see the Sabu Raijua is one of the new regencies in East Nusa business opportunities that exist to improve their economy, Tenggara Province which has several beautiful and attractive Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 406 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 544 even though this area has natural resources that can be II. THEORETICAL REVIEW processed and used for sale to tourists as their source of income. A. Women Empowerment Based on the existing problems and seeing the large In terms of economic improvement, women in Indonesia, prospects for tourism in this area and the benefits that will be especially in rural areas, have limitations in carrying out their obtained, especially for local communities, it is important to activities, such limitations as low education and skills, lack of empower women in this village, one of which is through job opportunities, and women's ideological barriers related to community-based education, so that women can be more households. Therefore, an empowerment program for women independent, have skills, are able to develop themselves, help in the economic sector is really needed because basically improving household economies and participate in developing women have tremendous potential in the economy, especially regional tourism. in household economic settings. The role of empowerment is quite important to increase women's independence, which in There are several previous studies which are relevant and turn can have a positive effect on improving the family used as a reference or comparative theory in conducting this economy. With this program, it aims to help women, especially research, i.e.: a research conducted by Karwati, Ansori and housewives who do not work, to support the family economy. Mulyono [3]. Their research was about women empowerment This program is expected to be able to realize several things, to build entrepreneurship and it was done in Neglasari village, such as (1) Motivating and instilling an entrepreneurial spirit Tasikmalaya. Data were analysed descriptively, qualitatively for rural women; (2) Increasing family income through and quantitatively. Their findings showed that the production activities carried out at home by entrepreneurial implementation of entrepreneurial activities organized by women with the support from husbands and other family government and community institutions as an effort to members; (3) Opening alternative business opportunities; and empower women could improve the level of better family (4) Developing creative industries by utilizing local food [6]. economy and was very effective to improve self-reliance. The next is, a study conducted by Sujarwo, Tristanti and Santi [4] B. Community-Based Education which focused on producing a model of community-based education for women empowerment in Bejiharjo tourism Galbraith claims that community-based education as an village. The results of their study were a guideline model in the educational process by which individuals (in this case adults) form of a compact disc (CD) file for women empowerment of become more competent in their skills, attitudes and concepts tourism village through business learning groups that support to live in and gain more control over local aspects of their tourism and community education containing an activity communities through democratic participation [7]. The guideline book and interactive learning activities. The last one community-based education model has been regulated in the is a research published in Journal of Fundamental and Applied National Education System Law No. 20 of 2003 Article 55 Sciences [5] about strategies to overcome challenges in women states that people have the right to provide community-based empowerment. They claimed that women empowerment is the education based on the uniqueness of religion, social, culture, most challenging step and surmounting the contour her life and aspirations and potential of the community for the benefit of society. The proposed strategic women empowerment model is the community itself. a multidimensional process, which will enable women to enhance their confidence, personality and power in all spheres III. RESEARCH METHODS of life. The challenging points in women empowerment were This research used Research & Development (R&D) Economic Development, Increase Legal Support - Access to method with reference to the development procedures of justice, Educational Development, Minimize Gender modified Borg and Gall model [8]. It was also included in the Discrimination, Increased, Access and Control over Resources, type of action research means that a research that emphasizes Equal Property Rights, Increased Political Participation, on activity (action) by trying out an idea into practice or real Remove Socio-Cultural Barriers, Ensure Basic Needs situations on a micro scale that is expected to be able to fix, (Nutrition, Health, Safety, Sanitation, Housing), Minimizing improve quality and make social improvements [9,10]. The Gender Pay Gap and Discrimination. One of
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