Preparatory Survey Report on the Project for Construction and Rehabilitation of National Highway N-5 in Karachi City in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
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The Islamic Republic of Pakistan Karachi Metropolitan Corporation PREPARATORY SURVEY REPORT ON THE PROJECT FOR CONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION OF NATIONAL HIGHWAY N-5 IN KARACHI CITY IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN JANUARY 2017 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY INGÉROSEC CORPORATION EIGHT-JAPAN ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS INC. EI JR 17-0 PREFACE Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) decided to conduct the preparatory survey and entrust the survey to the consortium of INGÉROSEC Corporation and Eight-Japan Engineering Consultants Inc. The survey team held a series of discussions with the officials concerned of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, and conducted field investigations. As a result of further studies in Japan and the explanation of survey result in Pakistan, the present report was finalized. I hope that this report will contribute to the promotion of the project and to the enhancement of friendly relations between our two countries. Finally, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the officials concerned of the Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste for their close cooperation extended to the survey team. January, 2017 Akira Nakamura Director General, Infrastructure and Peacebuilding Department Japan International Cooperation Agency SUMMARY SUMMARY (1) Outline of the Country The Islamic Republic of Pakistan (hereinafter referred to as Pakistan) is a large country in the South Asia having land of 796 thousand km2 that is almost double of Japan and 177 million populations that is 6th in the world. In 2050, the population in Pakistan is expected to exceed Brazil and Indonesia and to be 335 million which is 4th in the world. Pakistan is located on extremely advantageous area where could be said as the crossing point between Central Asia and Middle East. Karachi where is the largest city and center of economy in Pakistan has been functioning as the hub connecting East Asia, Middle East and Europe for a long time. Since Pakistan is located on the western edge of the Asian monsoon region, it has a typical monsoon continental climate, although rainfall is low in almost all parts of the country. There is little rainfall for most of the year, but rain is concentrated into the summer months of July and August when the tropical monsoon blows. Concerning the temperature, the months of May and June before the start of the monsoon are the hottest and driest, while the winter season of December and January is slightly cooler and more pleasant. Concerning the socio economy in Pakistan, GDP in 2015 was 270.3 billion USD and its growth rate compared with the previous year was 4.2 % due to stagnation of economic improvement and lack of infrastructures. Major industries in Pakistan are textile and agriculture, but there are many amounts of overseas remittance from migrant workers. Also, power shortage is serious and brownout frequently happens. Economic loss by power shortage accounts 4 % of GDP. (2) Background and Outline of the Project Karachi is the largest city in Pakistan. The city leads the economy of Pakistan as the center of industrial and financial activities. Roads play an important role in the social and economic development of Pakistan and Karachi City. Although the road network in the city is relatively well developed, the rapid increase in the number of passenger vehicles and motorcycles in recent years has caused the heavy traffic congestion in various places in the city, which has no mass-transit system such as an urban railway system. There are approx. 20 trunk roads with a daily traffic volume of 100,000 vehicles or more in the city. The travel speed on these roads during the rush hour is around 15km/hour. The heavy congestion seriously affects peoples lives and economic activities. Improvement of the urban traffic condition in the city is urgently required not only in view of the above-mentioned background but also to attract foreign investment to the city where industrial agglomeration is in progress. National Highway N5 is a trunk road connecting Karachi City and whole Pakistan and plays an important role in supporting industrial and economic activities. However, traffic congestion on N5 has recently become a serious problem. Therefore, the widening of existing 4-lane section between QuaidabadPak Steel Town in 11km length to 6 lane is an urgent challenge. Based on this background, the Government of Pakistan submitted a request to the Government i of Japan for grant aid cooperation for the Project for Construction and Rehabilitation of National Highway N5 in Karachi City (hereinafter referred to as Project). The project mainly consisting of the widening of N5 in the section between Quaidabad and Pak Steel Town from 4 lane to 6 lane as well as pavement rehabilitation, installation of service road, traffic control and safety facilities. The Karachi Strategic Development Plan 2020 prepared by Karachi City in 2007 mentions the fostering of competitive industries as a priority issue and improvement of the road network in and around the industrial zones as a means of promoting such fostering. Karachi City intends to foster and promote industrial activities in the Karachi Export Processing Zone and the industrial zones near Port Qasim located along the above-mentioned road section. Japanese companies have also begun to establish businesses in these zones. On the basis of the above-mentioned observations, this Project is highly consistent with the upper level plan of Pakistan. (3) Outline of the Survey Results and Contents of the Project JICA dispatched the Preparatory Survey Team (hereinafter referred to as Survey Team) to Pakistan 3 times from 7th February 2015 to 17th November 2015. The Survey Team held a series of discussions with the officials concerned of Pakistan, and confirmed the current condition of the existing road, natural condition and traffic condition around the project site. Through the field survey, the Survey Team confirmed that widening and development of the target road is necessary to support the increasing traffic demand. Therefore, the Survey Team studied the appropriate target area and components of the Project. The Survey Team conducted project planning based upon the work in Japan after the field survey taking the above survey results into account. Table-1 shows the outline of the Project. The Survey Team carried out explanation and discussions with the Government of Pakistan from 3rd to 14th December 2016 regarding the survey results. Table-1 Outline of the Planned Facilities Item Description Target Section QuaidabadPak Steel Intersection in approx.11 km length Carriageway 3.65m x 6 Lane Shoulder 0 to 3.0m (depend on location) Central Median 0.5 to 2.0m (depend on location) Service Road 3.0 to 5.5mdepend on location Footpath 1.5 to 3.0mdepend on location Max Cross fall 2.0% Gradient Max 7% Min 0.3% Wearing=AC(asphaltic concrete) 4cm Binder=AC 7cmBase Pavement Carriageway Dense bitumen macadam 9cm Crushed aggregate 20cm Sub structure Base Granular material 35cm ii Surface Interlocking block 6cm, Sand 3cmBaseGranular Service road material 10cm Surface Interlocking block 6cm, Sand 3cmBaseGranular Footpath /Service material 10cm (Service road reserve: Crushed stone 20cm without road reserve AC) Drainage Side Ditch (BOX culvert)Road crossing culvertCatch basin CurbstoneStreet lightRoad signTraffic signalStreet tree Ancillary Facilities Pedestrian bridgeBus stop (4) Schedule and Approximate Cost of the Project Total project schedule is estimated as 56 months including a tendering schedule (detailed design 13 months, construction 43 months). An approximate cost borne by Pakistani side is estimated as 71.8 million Rs. (5) Project Evaluation The relevance, effectiveness and benefit around the Project site are shown as follows; 1) Relevance a) Target Beneficiaries Target beneficiaries of securing smooth and stable traffic between the centre of Karachi City and the suburbs including the industrial area around Qasim Port number about 20 million people. As the target beneficiaries are so many, the relevance of the Project is high. b) Coordination with the long-term development plan In the KSDP that is a long-term development plan in Karachi City, strengthening of the existing road network and enhancement of traffic capacity have been proposed to promote the competitive industry. Furthermore, the enhancement of traffic capacity of N5 which is supposed to be one of most congested roads in Karachi City has been proposed in KTIP implemented by JICA. Accordingly, the relevance of the Project is high. c) Coordination with the assistance policy of Japan As one of the assistance policy of Japan to Pakistan, The improvement of economic infrastructure is mentioned. Also, the development of fundamental infrastructures for the urban transport sector, especially for supporting the activities of Japanese company in the industrial area is proposed. Accordingly, the relevance of the Project is high. 2) Effectiveness 2-1) Quantitative Effect The Project is to improve the traffic condition of the target road and to improve the access between the city centre and suburbs. Therefore, it is suggested that the effectiveness of the Project is 1) Enhancement of traffic capacity, 2) Improvement of average travel speed at the peak hours. Table-2 shows the indicators of quantitative effect, baselines, and target values in 3 years iii later after the completion of the Project. Table-2 Indicators of Quantitative Effect Target Value2022 Indicator Baseline2015 3 years after completion Traffic Capacitypcu/hour 5,120 / 4 lanes 7,680 / 6 lanes Average Travel Speed at Peak 35 60 Hours (km/h) peak hours : 8 :00 ~9 :00 a.m., 17 :00~18 :00 p.m. 2-2) Qualitative Effect a) Transportation costs related to N5 will be reduced due to the shortening of travel time. b) Access improvement between the city centre and industrial area around Qasim Port will contribute to the social and economic activation in Pakistan.