DOCSLIB.ORG

US Photvoltaic Patents

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
US Photvoltaic Patents NRELlTP-210-4469 UC Category: 270 DE91015013 December 1991 u.s. Photovoltaic Patents: 1988-1990 Produced by the Photovoltaics Division National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden. CO 80401-3393 A Division of Midwest Research Institute Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Under Contract No. DE-AC02-83CH10093 Contents Introduction....................... ...........................iii Photovoltaic Patents 1988-1990.................................. 1 Indexes Assignee Index .......................................76 Inventor Index.......... ..............................84 Subject Index...................... .. ................106 I I U.S. Patent Oec. 6, 19�J Sheel I or J 4.419.532 FIG. I n� U.S. pa.te ,,,12/!. \ F'IG.2 It! ii Contents Introduction This document contains U.S. patents on terrestrial • Cell Components (metalization, substrates, conduc­ photovoltaic (PV) power applications, including systems, tive coatings, anti reflective coatings) components, and materials, as well as manufacturing • Cell Enhancement Techniques (surface and grain­ and support functions. boundary paSSivation, annealing) • Materials Production and Processes (purification, The patent entries in this document were Issued from deposttion, doping) 1988 through 1990. The entries were located by search­ • Characterization and Analysis ing USPA, the data base of the U.S. Patent Office. The final search retrieved all patents under the class "Batter­ Collectors ies, Thermoelectric and Photoelectric" and the sub­ classes "Photoelectric," "Testing," and IIApplications." • Flat-Plate Collectors (design, components, produc­ The search also located patents that contained the words tion) "photovoltaic(s)" or "solar cell(s)" and their derivatives. • Concentrator Collectors (design, components, A manual search of the patents In the Solar Energy production) Research Institute (SERI) patent file augmented the data • Optics and Trackers (lenses, reflectors, tracking base search. After the initial list was compiled, most of devices, and related components) the patents on the following subjects were excluded: space photovoltaic technology, use of the photovoltaic Systems effect for detectors, and SUbjects only peripherally concerned with photovoltaics. Some patents on these • Utility-Interactive Systems and Interface Technologies three subjects were included when it appeared that those (power conditioning) inventions might be of use in terrestrial PV power • Utility-Independent Systems and Storage Technolo­ technologies. gies • PV-Hybrid Systems (PV-thermal, photoelectro­ chemical) How to Use This Document • Systems Support (testing, maintenance, operation, and control) The PV patent entries are arranged according to the patent number in ascending order, from the earliest to the most recent, and divided according to the year in which How to Order a Copy of a U.S. Patent they were Issued. The entries for each patent include the inventor(s), the assignee, the title, the date of issue, and Copies of patents can be obtained from the Patent and the abstract. Abstracts are reproduced in this document Trademark Office. A check or money order of $1.50 per generally as they are found in the patents, except that patent, payable to the Commissioner of Patents and statements referring to specific diagrams were modified Trademarks, must accompany each order. The request or omitted because the document does not include must include the patent number(s); be sure to write illustrations. clearly. Requests should be addressed to: The patents are indexed in this document by assignee, U.S. Department of Commerce by inventor(s), and by subject. The three indexes follow Patent and Trademark Office the list of patent entries. Washington, D.C. 20231 The subject index is divided according to 17 categories Reference collections of U.S. patents are available to the under three major divisions. Most patents are listed public in Patent Depository Libraries (PDLs). Your local under two categories. The divisions and categories are library should be able to refer you to the nearest PDL. as follows: The size and scope of these collections vary, and the hours that PDLs are open to the public vary as well. You may therefore want to contact the library for specific Cells and Materials information about its collection and its hours to avoid inconvenience. • Single-Crystal Silicon Cells • Polycrystalline and Ribbon Silicon Cells • Amorphous Silicon Cells • Cells from III-V Materials (e.g., GaAs) • Cells from 1-III-VI2 or II-VI Materials (e.g., CulnSe2 or CdTe) • Other PV Devices and Concepts Introduction iii Photovoltaic Patents 1988-1990 1988 An optical position locating apparatus is provided which includes a first light reader with several photodetectors for reading the tracks of a disk, a first 4,717,790 light emitter excited by the first light reader and a Gochermann, Hans, inventor; Licentia PatentNerwaltungs self-contained power supply source. A module is provided GmbH, assignee. Contoured Solar Generator. January which comprises a second light emitter, a second light 5, 1988. reader and a processor for processing electric signals from the first light reader. An optical fiber system is A contoured solar generator whose solar cells and provided for transmitting the electric signals to the their associated electrical terminals and connecting second light reader. Optical systems are advantageously lines are embedded in a laminate including at least the provided. solar cells, an elastic thermosetting adhesive foil and a glass pane. To adapt the solar generator to a given 4,721,535 external contour or to fit it into a given contour, the Itoh, Haruo; Shimada, Toshikazu; Muramatsu, Shin-!chi; solar generator is configured as a curved laminate Matsubara, Sunao; Nakamura, Nobuo, inventors; including at least one-dimensionally bent solar cells. Director-General of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, assignee. Safar Celf. January 26, 1988. 4,718,185 Conlin, Kevin L.; Cantrell, Michael P., inventors; Solar A solar cell including at least a thin film formed of Signage, Inc., assignee. Modular Solar Generating an amorphous silicon material and having p-type System. January 12, 19S8. conductivity. The thin film comprises a multi-layer structure including at least one non-doped layer formed A modular solar generating system is disclosed. The of a material of an amorphous silicon matenal and having system includes a plurality of self-contained solar a thickness of 10 to 300 A and at least one p-Iype doped modules which are interconnectedly disposed in an array amorphous silicon layer of a given thickness. The p-type about the perimeter of a rigid framework housing a sign, doped amorphous silicon layer is stacked such that at light, or other load means necessitating electrical power least one face thereof is in contact with said at least during the night time hours. The modules themselves one non-doped layer of amorphous silicon material 50 that consist of a photovoltaic plate sandwiched between two the thin film of multi-layer structure exhibits in effect suitable cover plates, including in this arrangement one p-type conductivity. or more continuous conductors. The modules are linked together by way of male and female plug connect�rs 4,721,629 whereby the array may then be electrically connected to a Sakai, Souich!; Nakano, Shoichi; Kuwano, Yukinori, battery. When the modular system is arranged in this inventors; Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd., assignee. Method fashion and exposed to incident sunlight for an of Manufacturing Phatovo/taic Device. January 26, 1988. appropriate period of time, power may be provided to a sign, light, or other electrical apparatus for nighttime A transparent conductive film is formed on a glass use. substrate covering substantially its entire surface area and this transparent conductive film is divided into a 4,718,947 plurality of transparent conductive parts per each Arya, Rajeewa R., inventor, Solarex Corporation, photoelectric converting region. The photoelectric assignee. Super/attice Doped Layers for Amorphous converting region is of a nearly rectangular shape, and Silicon Phatavoltaic Cells. January 12, 1988. accordingly, in order to divide the transparent conductive film into respective transparent conductive Superlattice doped layers for amorphous silicon film parts, a laser beam is irradiated along all photovoltaic cells comprise a plurality of first and longitudinal and lateral sides of the rectangle. Thereby, second lattices of amorphous silicon alternatingly formed the transparent conductive film parts corresponding to on one another. Each of the first lattices has a first the photoelectric converting regions are formed as island optical bandgap and each of the second lattices has a regions. Semiconductor film parts are formed on the second optical band gap different from the first optical transparent conductive film parts divided into island band gap. A method of fabricating the superlattice doped regions corresponding to respective photoelectric layers also is disclosed. converting regions and subsequently aluminum film parts are formed on these semiconductor film parts. Transparent 4,719,346 conductive film parts are electrically connected to Taillebois, Jacques; Renaud, Jean-Marie; Perrot, aluminum film parts of adjacent photoelectric converting Jean-Claude; Gambs, Paul, inventors; M.C.B., assignee. regions. Thus, a photovoltaic device is manufactured Optical Position Locating Apparatus with Bidirectional wherein a plurality of photoelectric
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Barbados Sustainable Energy Industry Market Assessment Report
    Barbados Sustainable Energy Industry Market Assessment Report In preparation of the GEF Project No. 9648: “Strategic Platform to Promote Sustainable Energy Technology Innovation, Industrial Development and Entrepreneurship in Barbados” Final report: 19 March 2018 Procurement Notice Ref. No.: 7000002430 Submitted by ConPlusUltra GmbH Written by: Josef Buchinger, David Ince, Leisa Perch and Brigitte Hatvan UNIDO Project Contact: Martin Lugmayr, [email protected], Laia Barbara, [email protected] MIICS Project Contact: Rodney Payne, Senior Administrative Officer, [email protected] Barbados Sustainable Energy Industry Market Assessment Report Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Units and nomenclature .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Objective of the assignment ............................................................................................................................... 5 2
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,220,569 B2 Hassan (45) Date of Patent: Jul
    USOO8220569B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,220,569 B2 Hassan (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 17, 2012 (54) GREEN ELECTRIC VEHICLE UTILIZING 4,592,436 A * 6/1986 Tomei ............................ 1802.2 MULTIPLE SOURCES OF ENERGY D374,656 S 10, 1996 Richardson 5,680,032 A * 10/1997 Pena ............................... 290,52 5,680,908 A 10, 1997 Reed (76) Inventor: M. Hassan Hassan, Windermere, FL 6,138,781 A * 10/2000 Hakala ........................... 1802.2 (US) 6,831,221 B2 * 12/2004 Hulen ......... ... 136,253 6.857,492 B1* 2/2005 Liskey et al. ................. 180,165 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 7,445,064 B2 11/2008 Kim patent is extended or adjusted under 35 7,493.974 B1 2/2009 Boncodin U.S.C. 154(b) by 288 d 7,605,493 B1 10/2009 Boudreaux .S.C. 154(b) by ayS. 7,810,589 B2 * 10/2010 Frierman ....................... 1802.2 2007,0261896 A1* 11/2007 Shaffer et al. ... 1802.2 (21) Appl. No.: 12/819,174 2010, 0006351 A1* 1 2010 Howard ...... ... 1802.2 2011/0100.731 A1* 5, 2011 Hassan .......................... 1802.2 (22) Filed: Jun. 18, 2010 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (65) Prior Publication Data GB 2126963. A 4f1984 US 2011/0309786 A1 Dec. 22, 2011 * cited by examiner (51) Int. Cl. Primary Examiner — J. Allen Shriver, II B60L. 8/00 (2006.01) Assistant Examiner — Emma K Frick (52) U.S. Cl. ...................................... 180/2.2: 180/65.31 (58) Field of Classification Search ................... 1802.1 (57) ABSTRACT 180/2.2, 65.1, 65.31, 165; 290/55, 4 R; 136/291 The present disclosure includes an electric vehicle without an See application file for complete search history.
    [Show full text]
  • 1803 , 26/06/2017 Class 9 1824800 02/06/2009 Trading As
    Trade Marks Journal No: 1803 , 26/06/2017 Class 9 1824800 02/06/2009 SACHIN JAIN ANSHUL JAIN trading as ;PARTH ENTERPRISES 25/5, NEAR PNB, BAGRI CHOWK, MOTI BAZAAR, HISSAR (HARYANA)-125001 MANUFACTURER & TRADERS Address for service in India/Agents address: PRAGA REGISTRATION SERVICE. F - 28, MILAP NAGAR, NEAR JAIN MANDIR, UTTAM NAGAR, NEW DELHI - 110 059. Proposed to be Used DELHI ELECTRONIC WEIGHING SCALES, WEIGHING MACHINES, WEIGHING APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS. 1901 Trade Marks Journal No: 1803 , 26/06/2017 Class 9 2037113 13/10/2010 GWALIA ENTERPRISES PVT LTD. D-14/33/2,ND FLOOR -8 ROHINI DELHI-85 Manufucturer and Merchant Address for service in India/Attorney address: C & K ASSOCIATES D-139, STREET NO.4, BHAJANPURA, DELHI-53 Used Since :25/02/2010 DELHI BATTERIES AND BATTERIES PARTS THIS IS CONDITION OF REGISTRATION THAT BOTH/ALL LABELS SHALL BE USED TOGETHER.. 1902 Trade Marks Journal No: 1803 , 26/06/2017 Class 9 2159823 14/06/2011 RAM RATNA RESEARCH AND HOLDINGS PVT LTD RAM RATNA HOUSE, VICTORIA HILL COMPOUND, P.B. MARG, WORLI, MUMBAI-400 013 MANUFACTURERS, MERCHANTS AND TRADERS A PRIVATE LIMITED COMPANY Address for service in India/Attorney address: PAWAN KUMAR MAHESHWARI, ADVOCATE C/O.KPLM & CO.,6A KIRAN SHANKAR ROY ROAD,2ND FLOOR,KOLKATA 700 001,WEST BENGAL,INDIA. Proposed to be Used MUMBAI ELECTRIC IRONS, DEVISEFOR CIRCUIT PROTECTION, CIRCUIT BOARDS PROVIDED WITH INTEGRATED CIRCUITS, CIRCUITS TESTER, ECLECTIC CIRCUITS BOARD AND CLOSER, ELECTRIC SWITCHGEAR, CIRCUIT PROTECTION ELECTRIC WIRES AND CABLES,SWITCHES, SOCKETS, SWITCH HOLDERS, SWITCHGEARS, IRONS, BELLS, BUZZERS, TRANSFORMERS, STARTERS, PLUGS, STABILIZERS, EXTENSION BARDS, CARD BOXES, ADOPTERS, BATIERIES, LIGHTING FIXTURES, P.V.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Solar-Assisted, Electric and Gas Golf Carts Bathurst Glen, Richmond Hill, Ontario
    Evaluation of Solar-Assisted, Electric and Gas Golf Carts Bathurst Glen, Richmond Hill, Ontario Prepared by: Toronto and Region Conservation Final Report 2010 Evaluation of Solar Assisted, Electric and Gas Golf Carts Bathurst Glen Golf Course Richmond Hill, Ontario A final report prepared by: Toronto and Region Conservation Authority under the Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program August 2010 © Toronto and Region Conservation Authority Evaluation of Solar-Assisted, Electric and Gas Golf Carts NOTICE The contents of this report do not necessarily represent the policies of the supporting agencies. Although every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the integrity of the report, the supporting agencies do not make any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation of those products. No financial support was received from manufacturers or suppliers of technologies used or evaluated in this project. PUBLICATION INFORMATION Reports conducted under the Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program (STEP) are available at www.sustainabletechnologies.ca. For more information about this study or STEP, please contact: Tim Van Seters Manager, Sustainable Technologies Toronto and Region Conservation Authority 5 Shoreham Drive, Downsview, Ontario M3N 1S4 Tel: 416-661-6600, Ext. 5337 Fax: 416-661-6898 E-mail: [email protected] Final Report Page i Evaluation of Solar-Assisted, Electric and Gas Golf Carts THE SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES EVALUATION PROGRAM The Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program (STEP) is a multi-agency program, led by the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA). The program was developed to provide the information, data and analytical tools needed to support broader implementation of sustainable technologies and practices within a Canadian context.
    [Show full text]
  • California Commission Energy
    APRIL 1996 CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION Pete Wilson, Governor The ABCs of AFVs – A Guide to Alternative Fuel Vehicles Page – 1 Note About the Internet / PDF Version of the ABCs of AFVs… Page numbers have been changed in this Adobe Acrobat Portable Document File (PDF) format edition from Roman numerals for cover and introductory pages to Arabic numerals. They, therefore, will not agree with page numbers on the Table of Contents page. All other content remains the same. We apologize for any inconvenience. Page – 2 The ABCs of AFVs – A Guide to Alternative Fuel Vehicles The ABCs of AFVs – A Guide to Alternative Fuel Vehicles Page – 3 Lists of contacts in this document are provided as a public service by the California Energy Commission. They are not intended as an endorsement of any product, company or service. The California Energy Commission, its management and staff make no claims, implied or otherwise, about the information listed here. We apologize for any errors that may occur. The contact lists are also provided and updated on the Energy Commission’s Internet site. The address (URL) of the Commission’s Homepage is: http://www.energy.ca.gov/energy/ Please send corrections of updates via Internet e-mail to [email protected] or by regular mail to: Bob Aldrich Information Officer California Energy Commission 1516 Ninth Street, MS-29 Sacramento, CA 95814 PUBLICATION INFORMATION First Edition Printing January 9, 1995 Second Edition Printing February 10, 1995 Includes Session Summary and list of attendees of California Alternative Fuel Vehicle Partnership (CAFVP) Sympoisum, and map and list of public EV recharging facilities in California.
    [Show full text]
  • Fully Electric Car with Solar Cells As a Secondary Source of Power
    College of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Spring 2017 Team # 9 - Senior Design Project Report Fully Electric Car with Solar Cells as a Secondary Source of Power In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering Team Members Student Name Student ID 1 Ali Raza Nawaz 201302233 2 Amar Al-Brahim 201302533 3 Abdulaziz Al Momen 201300043 4 Abdulhadi Al Qahtani 201200290 5 Abdulaziz Abu Aishah 201300128 Project Advisor: Dr. Faramarz Djavanroodi Project Co-Advisor: Dr. Nader Sawalhi Abstract Fossil fuels have taken off since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, and until today are still considered as an essential and ideal source of energy globally. Global consumption of fossil fuel has increased drastically in the past century and is nowhere close to slowing down; this is mainly due the rise of human population and growing industries for economic growth globally. Earth doesn’t have unlimited reserves of fossil fuels, which will run dry soon if the dependency on them isn’t reduced. Reducing the dependency on fossil fuels has presented itself as a huge challenge for humans. In this project, a cheap & cleaner source of transportation, where the dependency on fossil fuels is minimized has been designed. An ICE vehicle (buggy) has been dismantled, modified and manufactured to a fully electric vehicle. The modification started by connecting a powerful brushless DC motor which is placed at the back and connected to the driveshaft using chain and sprocket system. This motor is powered by rechargeable batteries (4 lead- acid batteries, 12V each).
    [Show full text]
  • Towards an Industrial Ecosystem for Power MEMS
    Towards an Industrial Ecosystem for Power MEMS by Timothy Franklin Havel Bachelor of the Arts in Chemistry, Reed College, Portland Oregon, 1975 Doctor of Philosophy in Biophysics, University of California at Berkeley, 1982 Submitted to the MIT Sloan School of Management in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Management of Technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 2007 © 2007 Timothy Franklin Havel. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part Signature of Author: --------------- ----- -- - ---------- ( MIT Sloan School of Management I/ I, May 11, 2007 Certified by: ___------ _= ___ - Charles H. Fine, Thesis Supervisor Chrysler Leaders for Manufacturing Professor ,MIT Sloan School of Management Certified by: __________--- ---- Jeffrey H. Lan hesis Reader Professor of ctri al Engineering and Computer Science SMIT School of Engineering Accepted by: ---------------------------- -r . t 'han T Sacrrca Direat r MASSACHUSETTS INSTI E OF TECHNOLOGY MIT Sloan Fellows Program in Innovation and Global Leadership JUL 0 2 2007 -1- ARCHIVES LIBRARIES -2- Towards an Industrial Ecosystem for Power MEMS by Timothy Franklin Havel Submitted to the MIT Sloan School of Management on May 11, 2007 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Management of Technology Abstract This thesis is concerned with the commercial applications of MEMS (Micro- Electro-Mechanical Systems) manufacturing processes to advanced energy tech- nologies. This field of engineering has come to be known as Power MEMS. Four such technologies are singled-out for detailed consideration, based on the ef- forts that have gone into demonstrating the benefits which MEMS has to offer them.
    [Show full text]
  • As Flexible As Your Imagination About Das Energy
    AS FLEXIBLE AS YOUR IMAGINATION ABOUT DAS ENERGY DAS Energy is a green technology company specializing in flexible, lightweight photovoltaic solutions. We offer our customers: Innovative photovoltaic products Scalable production and flexible solutions Close collaboration and joint research & development 02 | ABOUT DAS ENERGY MANAGEMENT Christian Dries Sole shareholder & CEO Benjamin Reddmann Business Development THE COMPANY Paul Zoglauer COO DAS Energy GmbH, with its headquarters in Wiener Neustadt (Austria), specializes in the research & development and manufacturing of flexible photovoltaic modules. DAS Energy Robert Neumann and its products are geared to both product dealers and project developers. CTO THE COMPANY | 03 OUR PRODUCTS DAS Energy combines fiberglass materials from aircraft construction with crystalline silicon solar cells. With this unique development, the company has sought specializa- tion in the manufacturing of flexible, ultra-lightweight photovoltaic modules. © DHP Technologies 04 | OUR PRODUCTS PATENTED DESIGN ULTRA-LIGHTWEIGHT FLEXIBILITY EASILY MOUNTED WITH The patented design of our modules Module weight as low as 2.5 kg per Their flexibility ensures that the DAS A NUMBER OF ASSEMBLY guarantees their long-term durability square meter. Energy modules conform to the corre- OPTIONS and performance. sponding substructure. The DAS Energy modules can be glued, screwed, riveted, or mounted onto the substructure using magnets or exis- ting eyelets or holes. EXTREME WEATHER CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC AND HIGHER ENERGY YIELD HIGH RELIABILITY CONDITIONS PROJECT-SPECIFIC The surface texture of the modules IEC 61730 | IEC 61215 Suitable for extreme weather condi- SOLUTIONS induces a light coupling or light trap- IEC 62804-1 Potential-induced degradation tions. Even in heat, sandstorms, and Model size, shape, and color are cus- ping effect.
    [Show full text]
  • Master of Science in Automotive Engineering Faculty of Engineering
    Master of Science in Automotive Engineering Faculty of Engineering Final Thesis and Dissertations Experimental Setup to Measure the State of Charge and State of Health of Lead Acid Batteries Supervisor: Prof. Andrea Tonoli Co-Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Luis Arturo Gómez Malagó Student: Zubair Muzaffar Recife 07 November 2019 A Thesis Experimental Setup to Measure the State of Charge and State of Health of Lead Acid Batteries By Zubair Muzaffar (s247017) Submitted in collaboration with Graduate Engineering faculty of University of Pernambuco to Politecnico di Torino as a partial fulfillment of Master of Science Degree in Automotive Engineering Politecnico Di Torino April, 2020 Resumò Para o amplo sucesso comercial dos veículos eléctricos (VE), é crucial uma compreensão profunda de como as baterias estão a actuar nesta aplicação desafiante. A idéia de colocar células fotovoltaicas na versão mais recente dos carros elétricos como a energia gerada por eles poderia tomar alguma pressão da bateria principal e alimentar algumas funções elétricas interiores do carro ou recarregar a bateria. Esta tese foi, portanto, focada no estado de carga da bateria e na estimativa do estado de saúde como uma aplicação de um sistema fotovoltaico fora da rede. Em sistemas fotovoltaicos isolados, a bateria de chumbo-ácido ainda é a tecnologia mais utilizada para o armazenamento de energia e é o componente que tem a menor vida útil do sistema, em torno de 2 a 3 anos, portanto, é um dispositivo que requer atenção especial para que não ocorram, durante sua utilização, situações que reduzem a sua vida útil. Diante dessa criticidade que envolve a bateria, o objetivo desse trabalho foi utilizar a técnica de filtro de Kalman para estimar o estado de carga (SOC) de baterias de chumbo-ácido e embarcar o algoritmo em um microcontrolador Arduino para uso em sistemas fotovoltaicos isolados.
    [Show full text]
  • Part I Is an Introduction to the Current Markets, Cell and Module Types, and the Physics of Solar Cell Operation
    PA R T I INTRODUCTION TO SOLAR CELLS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL cc01.indd01.indd 1 66/30/2010/30/2010 110:45:320:45:32 AAMM cc01.indd01.indd 2 66/30/2010/30/2010 110:45:320:45:32 AAMM 1 SOLAR CELLS: A BRIEF HISTORY AND INTRODUCTION L EWIS F RAAS 1 AND L ARRY P ARTAIN 2 1 JX Crystals Inc. , 2 Varian Medical Systems 1.1 BRIEF HISTORY The history of the solar cell is really quite interesting [1] . In 1839, Edmond Becquerel found that two different brass plates immersed in a liquid produced a continuous current when illuminated with sunlight. We now believe that he had made a copper - cuprous oxide thin - fi lm solar cell. Later in the 1870s, Willoughby Smith, W. G. Adams, and R. E. Day discovered a PV effect in selenium. A few years later, an American named C. E. Fritts placed a sheet of amorphous selenium on a metal backing and covered the selenium with a transparent gold leaf fi lm. He reported that this selenium array produced a current “ that is continuous, constant, and of considerable force — with exposure to sunlight. ” At the time, there was no quantum theory and there was considerable skepticism about his claim of converting sunlight into electricity. So he sent a sample to Werner Siemens in Germany, who was one of the most respected experts in electricity at the time. Siemens ’ s observation veri- fi ed Fritts ’ s claims. However, the conversion effi ciencies of both the thin - fi lm cuprous oxide and the amorphous selenium solar cells were less than 1%.
    [Show full text]
  • Barbados Sustainable Energy Industry Market Assessment Report
    Barbados Sustainable Energy Industry Market Assessment Report In preparation of the GEF Project No. 9648: “Strategic Platform to Promote Sustainable Energy Technology Innovation, Industrial Development and Entrepreneurship in Barbados” Final report: 19 March 2018 Procurement Notice Ref. No.: 7000002430 Submitted by ConPlusUltra GmbH Written by: Josef Buchinger, David Ince, Leisa Perch and Brigitte Hatvan UNIDO Project Contact: Martin Lugmayr, [email protected], Laia Barbara, [email protected] MIICS Project Contact: Rodney Payne, Senior Administrative Officer, [email protected] Barbados Sustainable Energy Industry Market Assessment Report Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Units and nomenclature .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Objective of the assignment ............................................................................................................................... 5 2
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy: Problems and Prospects in Coachella Valley, California
    University of Redlands InSPIRe @ Redlands Our House Books Our House 2017 Renewable Energy: Problems and Prospects in Coachella Valley, California James B. Pick University of Redlands Follow this and additional works at: https://inspire.redlands.edu/oh_books Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, Geography Commons, and the Science and Technology Studies Commons Recommended Citation Pick, James B., "Renewable Energy: Problems and Prospects in Coachella Valley, California" (2017). Our House Books. 52. https://inspire.redlands.edu/oh_books/52 This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Code). This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Our House at InSPIRe @ Redlands. It has been accepted for inclusion in Our House Books by an authorized administrator of InSPIRe @ Redlands. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPRINGER BRIEFS IN GEOGRAPHY James B. Pick Renewable Energy: Problems and Prospects in Coachella Valley, California 123 SpringerBriefs in Geography More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10050 [email protected] James B. Pick Renewable Energy: Problems and Prospects in Coachella Valley, California [email protected] James B. Pick School of Business University of Redlands Redlands, CA, USA ISSN 2211-4165 ISSN 2211-4173 (electronic) SpringerBriefs in Geography ISBN 978-3-319-51525-0 ISBN 978-3-319-51526-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-51526-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016962213 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
    [Show full text]