BRC Road Condition Assessment Manual

ROAD CONDITION ASSESSMENT RATING MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PURPOSE ...... 2 2. DETERMINING SEVERITY ...... 2 3. CALCULATING EXTENT...... 2 4. SEALED ROAD DEFECTS ...... 3

4.1. SEALED ROAD SURFACE TYPE ...... 3 4.2. CARRIAGEWAY CODE ...... 3 4.3. CROCODILE CRACKING (F ATIGUE ) ...... 1 4.4. ENVIRONMENTAL CRACKING (B LOCK / DIAGONAL / LONGITUDINAL / TRANSVERSE )...... 3 4.5. SURFACE TEXTURE ...... 5 4.6. LOCAL SURFACE DEFECTS ...... 7 4.7. ASPHALT RAVELLING ...... 9 4.8. PAVEMENT DEFECTS ...... 10 4.9. RUTTING ...... 12 4.10. PAVEMENT PATCHES ...... 14 5. KERB DEFECTS...... 16

5.1. EXAMPLE – KERB & CHANNEL ...... 17 6. RIGID ROAD DEFECTS ...... 18 5. UNSEALED ROAD DEFECTS ...... 22

5.1. UNSEALED ROAD TYPE ...... 22 5.2. UNSEALED ROAD SURFACE ...... 22 5.3. GRAVEL DEPTH ...... 23 5.4. SHAPE LOSS ...... 24 5.5. CROSS SECTION ...... 25 6. FOOTPATH DEFECTS ...... 26

6.1. EXAMPLE – CONCRETE OR ASPHALT FOOTPATH ...... 27

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1. PURPOSE

The purpose of this manual is give assistance to staff and contractors assessing the condition of roads throughout the Bundaberg Regional Council. The definitions and examples given provide a basis for a uniform and consistent approach to condition rating a road.

Road condition assessment enables the Shire to determine the overall condition of its road network as well as identify those road assets that require repair or renewal in future years.

2. DETERMINING SEVERITY

Severity is an indicator of how bad the defect is. Any one segment may have defects at a number of severity levels. The severity level that is chosen is the one that is most predominant across the segment.

3. CALCULATING EXTENT

For the purpose of field data collection, the raw measured data will be recorded against each road segment for each of the condition distresses.

After field data collection is completed, this area (in square metres) is then compared to the total area for the segment. This yields the percentage extent of the road area that is affected by each defect. Subsequently a score of 0 to 5 can be applied to each road segment and for each condition distress.

Examples have been provided in this road data condition assessment manual.

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4. SEALED ROAD DEFECTS

4.1. Sealed Road Surface Type

Surface Type Code Asphalt AC

Sprayed Seal SS

4.2. Carriageway Code

Road Function Code Undivided or divided road A

Divided road + Direction (In direction of Segment Travel) B

Divided road – Direction (In opposite direction of Segment Travel) C

Carparks P

Service Roads Q

Roundabouts R

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4.3. Crocodile Cracking (Fatigue) Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Severity Low Severity Moderate Severity Extreme

SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight Average Crack Width < 2mm Medium Average Crack Width Between 2mm and 5mm Extreme Average Crack Width > 5mm

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 0 Nil No Defect Present 1 Negligible Evident <2% Of Total Area 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Area 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <15% Of Total Area 4 Extensive Evident Between 15% To <50% Of Total Area 5 Extreme Evident >50% Of Total Area

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Example

Total area affected of crocodile cracking for segment = 2.5m x 2.5m + 0.5m x 0.5m + (5m x 3m x 2) = 36.5m²

Road segment area = 100 x 6 = 600 m²

Extent of segment area affected = (36.5 / 600) x 100 = 6.1% Looking at the Crocodile Extent Table , 6.1% falls into rating 3 for this segment

Now apply the most predominant severity level identified

Slight Medium Extreme

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4.4. Environmental Cracking (Block / Diagonal / Longitudinal / Transverse)

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Severity Low Severity Moderate Severity Extreme

SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight Average Crack Width < 2mm Medium Average Crack Width Between 2mm And 5mm Extreme Average Crack Width > 5mm

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Example

Total length of cracking for segment = 37m Now multiply total cracking length by 0.25m; 37 x 0.25 = 9.25m² of road segment area affected + add any areas of cracking such as above (2x2) Total = 13.25m²

Road segment area = 100 x 6 = 600 m²

Extent of segment area affected = (13.25 / 600) x 100 = 2.2% Looking at the Linear Extent Table , 2.2% falls into rating 2 for this segment

Now apply the most predominant severity level identified in rated segment

Slight Medium Extreme

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4.5. Surface Texture

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Stripping Flushing Bleeding

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 0 Nil No defects 1 Negligible <2% Of Total Area 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Area 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <15% Of Total Area 4 Extensive Evident Between 15% To <50% Of Total Area 5 Extreme Evident >50% Of Total Area

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Example

Total the area of, flushing, bleeding and/or stripping defects for the road segment For the example above, this would therefore be = 1.5 x 2 + 3 x 3 + 1.5 x 2 + 3 x 3 = 24 m²

Road segment area = 100 x 6 = 600 m²

Extent of segment area affected = (24 / 600) x 100 = 4%

Looking at the Surface Texture extent Table, 4% falls into rating 2 for this segment.

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4.6. Local Surface Defects

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Filled & Unfilled Potholes Filled & Unfilled Delaminations

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 0 Nil No defects 1 Negligible <2% Of Total Area 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Area 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <10% Of Total Area 4 Extensive Evident Between 10% To <15% Of Total Area 5 Extreme Evident >15% Of Total Area

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Example

Total the area of, delaminations and potholes for the road segment For the example above, this would therefore be = 1.5 x 3 + 3 x 3 + 1.5 x 3 + (0.12 x 0.12 + 0.4 x 0.4 + 0.08 x 0.08) = 18.18 m²

Road segment area = 100 x 6 = 600 m²

Extent of segment area affected = (18.18 / 600) x 100 = 3.03%

Looking at the Surface Texture extent Table, 3.03% falls into rating 2 for this segment.

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4.7. Asphalt Ravelling

Measurement: Integer Units: Rating 1 - 5

Level 1 Level 3 Level 5

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 0 Nil No defects 1 Brand New Asphalt surface is brand new 2 New Surface Asphalt surface is reasonably brand new and there is very little evidence of fretting <3yrs Old or fatigue to the surface 3 Ageing Surface Asphalt surface is showing signs of wear and tear, some associated fretting and <10yrs Old wear/tear on the surface. Little evidence of any fatigue and or fine cracking 4 Ageing Surface Asphalt surface showing signs of age, fatigue, wear and tear on the surface. There <20yrs Old is also evidence of localised or spread out pockets of saturation of fatigue with the loss of material. More evidence of fine cracking 5 Ageing Surface Asphalt surface is worn out, lots of wear and tear, typically the entire segment has >20yrs Old pockets of fatigue saturation and loss of material. There is lots of wider cracking.

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4.8. Pavement Defects

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Corrugations Shoving Depressions Unsuccessful Patches

SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight A Mean Displacement <25mm Medium A Mean Displacement Of 25 Mm To Less Than 50mm Extreme A Mean Displacement Of >50mm

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 0 Nil No Defect Present 1 Negligible <2% Of Total Area 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Area 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <15% Of Total Area 4 Extensive Evident Between 15% To <50% Of Total Area 5 Extreme Evident >50% Of Total Area

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Example

Total the area of potholes, shoving, depressions and/or corrugation defects for the road segment In this example defects = 3 x 2 + 3 x 1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x 4 + 1 x 2 = 30 m²

Road segment area = 100 x 6 = 600 m²

Extent of segment area affected = (21.39 / 600) x 100 = 5%

Looking at the Deformation Extent Table, 5% falls into rating 3 for this segment.

Now apply the most predominant severity level identified in the rated segment.

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4.9. Rutting

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Rutting Rutting SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight A Mean Displacement <25mm Medium A Mean Displacement Of 25 Mm To Less Than 50mm Extreme A Mean Displacement Of >50mm

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Example

Total the area of rutting. For rutting it is to be assumed that the extent for each observation is for the full width of the trafficable area by the length, unless the rut is only evident in a single lane.

In this example defects = 7 x 3 + 15 x 3 = 66 m²

Road segment area = 100 x 6 = 600 m²

Extent of segment area affected = (66 / 600) x 100 = 11%

Looking at the Deformation Extent Table, 11% falls into rating 3 for this segment.

Now apply the most predominant severity level identified in the rated segment in terms of rut depth.

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4.10. Pavement Patches

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Successful Patch Local Surface Defects Successful Patch Not Pavement Patches – Rated as Local Surface Defects

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 1 Negligible Patches evident <2% of total area 2 Minor Patches evident between 2% to <5% of total area 3 Moderate Patches evident between 5% to <15% of total area 4 Extensive Patches evident between 15% to <50% of total area 5 Extreme Patches evident >50% of total area

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Example

Total the area of patches. Failed patches are to be rated as local surface defects.

In this example patches = 12 x 3 + 0.5 x 0.5+ 3 x 9 + 6 x 0.5 = 66.25 m²

Road segment area = 100 x 6 = 600 m²

Extent of segment area affected = (66 / 600) x 100 = 11.04%

Looking at the Patches Extent Table, 11% falls into rating 3 for this segment.

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5. Kerb Defects

Measurement: Length Units: metre (m)

Rotation Vertical Displacement Cracked/Broken/Spalling Ponding / Depression

SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight A Mean Displacement <25mm Medium A Mean Displacement Of 25 Mm To Less Than 50mm Extreme A Mean Displacement Of >50mm

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE LENGTH AFFECTED 0 Nil No Defect Present 1 Negligible <2% Of Total Length 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Length 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <15% Of Total Length 4 Extensive Evident Between 15% To <50% Of Total Length 5 Extreme Evident >50% Of Total Length

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5.1. Example – Kerb & Channel

Total the length of concrete kerb and channel bays displaying distresses such as vertical displacement, depression, cracking, tilting and/or heaving for the kerb and channel segment; Noting that the extent measurement should extend to the areas where the cuts will be. Depression = 6m; Vertical Displacement (lifting of kerb) = 3m; Cracking and Tilting = 6m (NB. As this section has already been identified as tilted, there is no need to identify the cracking defects in this area )

The total of kerb length defected = 15 m

Kerb and channel segment length = 100 m

Extent of segment length affected = (15 / 100) x 100 = 15% Looking at the extent table above, 15% falls in condition rating 4 for this segment.

Now apply the most predominant severity of these defects.

Severity Slight – defect ranges between 10 to 20mm Moderate – defects > 20mm

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6. Rigid Road Defects

6.1. Rigid Road Type

Road Type Code Concrete CONC

6.2. Carriageway Code

Road Function Code Undivided or divided road A

Divided road + Direction (In direction of Segment Travel) B

Divided road – Direction (In opposite direction of Segment Travel) C

Carparks P

Service Roads Q

Roundabouts R

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6.3. Deformation

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Stepping Shattered/Disintegration Spalling SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight A Mean Displacement <25mm Medium A Mean Displacement Of 25 Mm To Less Than 50mm Extreme A Mean Displacement Of >50mm

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 0 Nil No Distress Visible 1 Negligible Evident <2% Of Total Area 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Area 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <15% Of Total Area 4 Extensive Evident Between 15% To <50% Of Total Area 5 Extreme Evident >50% Of Total Area

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6.4. Cracking

Measurement: Length Units: metres (m)

Linear Cracking

SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight Average Crack Width < 2mm Medium Average Crack Width Between 2mm and 5mm Extreme Average Crack Width > 5mm

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 0 Nil No Defect Present 1 Negligible Evident <2% Of Total Length 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Length 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <15% Of Total Length 4 Extensive Evident Between 15% To <50% Of Total Length 5 Extreme Evident >50% Of Total Length

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6.5. Joint Sealant

Measurement: Length Units: metres (m)

Defective Joint Sealant Defective Joint Sealant

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE AREA AFFECTED 1 Negligible Evident <2% Of Total Joint Seal Length Defective 2 Minor Evident Between 2% To <5% Of Total Joint Seal Length Defective 3 Moderate Evident Between 5% To <15% Of Total Joint Seal Length Defective 4 Extensive Evident Between 15% To <50% Of Total Joint Seal Length Defective 5 Extreme Evident >50% Of Total Joint Seal Length Defective

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5. Unsealed Road Defects

5.1. Unsealed Road Type

Road Type Code Formed with an imported gravel pavement G

Formed without imported gravel material U

5.2. Unsealed Road Surface

Road Surface Type Code Gravel G

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5.3. Gravel Depth

Measurement: Code Units: Count 0 to 4

100mm depth – This is to be a best Nil – Natural Surface, as no imported

guesstimate to be assessed in conjunction granular material

with Depot Grading Staff

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE DEPTH 1 Nil > 150mm Of Gravel Material 2 Negligible 100mm To 150mm Of Gravel Material 3 Minor 50mm To 100mm Of Gravel Material 4 Moderate 0mm To 50mm Of Gravel Material 5 Extensive No Gravel Material

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5.4. Shape Loss

Measurement: Area Units: square metres (m 2)

Rutting/Depression Scouring Corrugations Pothole

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5.5. Cross Section

Measurement: Code Units: Count 1 to 3

EXTENT CODE DESCRIPTION 1

>6% CAMBER 2 0-6% CAMBER 3

<0% CAMBER

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6. Footpath Defects

Measurement: Length Units: metre (m)

Trip Displacement Cracked / Broken Cracking / Trip Tree Root

SEVERITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION Slight A Mean Displacement Of 0mm To 30mm Moderate A Mean Displacement Of >30mm

EXTENT LEVEL DEGREE LENGTH AFFECTED 1 Negligible Footpath Condition Index (FCI) <2 2 Minor Footpath Condition Index (FCI) between 2 to 5 3 Moderate Footpath Condition Index (FCI) between 5 to 10 4 Extensive Footpath Condition Index (FCI) between 10 to 20 5 Extreme Footpath Condition Index (FCI) >20

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6.1. Example – Concrete or Asphalt Footpath

Total the length of footpath defects for the entire footpath segment

For this example footpath has 3 bays affected by defects and footpath segment length is 80m

Extent of segment length affected = ((3 / 80)* 100) = 3.75

Looking at the Footpath Extent Table above, 3.75 falls into rating 2 for this segment.

Now apply the most predominant severity of these defects.

Severity Slight – defect ranges between 0 to 30mm Moderate – defects > 30mm

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