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Publisher Institute for Territorial Economic Development (InTER) For the publisher Dragisa Mijacic Authors Jovana Jakovljevic Dragisa Mijacic Nol Krasniqi Year 2020 The publication was developed within the project financed from the grant of the Kosovo Foundation for Open Society. The contents of the publication are the sole responsibility of authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the Kosovo Foundation for Open Society. TOURISM FOR THE PURPOSE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ZUBIN POTOK AND PEĆ/PEJA MUNICIPALITIES February 2020 TOURISM FOR THE PURPOSE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONTENTS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 1 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM ..................................................................... 2 The concept of sustainable development ............................................................................................... 2 Sustainable tourism ................................................................................................................................. 4 REGIONAL AND LOCAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT POLICIES ....................................................................... 6 Municipality of Zubin Potok ..................................................................................................................... 6 Municipality of Peje/Peć .......................................................................................................................... 7 Cooperation between the municipalities of Zubin Potok and Peć/Peja ................................................ 8 TOURISM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ZUBIN POTOK .................................................................................. 10 Basic geographical features ................................................................................................................... 10 Tourism potentials and products ........................................................................................................... 13 Monitoring trends and tourist needs .................................................................................................... 16 TOURISM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF PEĆ/PEJA ......................................................................................... 19 Tourism potentials and products ........................................................................................................... 19 THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON THE DESTINATION .................................................................................... 25 CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................................. 27 TOURISM FOR THE PURPOSE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION In recent years, tourism has been an important industry, and one of the fastest growing industries in the world. However, tourism development is conditioned by the quality of the environment, its natural and cultural values and other characteristics. Above all, the degree of conservation and attractiveness of the environment is directly reflected in the opportunities for tourism development in a particular area. Therefore, in addition to the responsibility for economic, social and cultural environment, tourism also carries significant responsibility for the natural environment. Tourism development based on establishing a friendly relationship between the natural environment and its transformation into an attractive destination is considered responsible. In addition, tourism development is required to achieve a balance where meeting the current needs of tourists will not jeopardize the needs of future generations, thereby achieving sustainable and responsible development in order to preserve all significant values in the environment. In order to prevent the degradation of tourist destinations due to the development of tourism, it is necessary to identify and constantly monitor the changes leading to degradation, and at the same time to lay the foundations for the development of tourism with its environmental impact constantly monitored. In this sense, for tourism to be sustainable, such development should involve all actors, from the local community through tourists, the construction sector in charge of the construction and reconstruction of tourist facilities, to tour operators and agencies bringing tourists. Having in mind that tourism is rapidly developing in the municipalities of Zubin Potok and Pec/Peja, the goal of this analysis is to clarify the concept of sustainable and responsible tourism and its importance for sustainable development. In addition to clarifying the concept, this analysis will also cover the presentation of existing tourism potentials and products, local and regional tourism development policies, as well as the impact of tourism development on these municipalities. The analysis was prepared within the project “Sustainable Tourism in the Function of Sustainable Development”, implemented by InTER in cooperation with NGO Marimangat and media partners “Crno beli svet” and TELEGRAFI. The project is financially supported by the Kosovo Foundation for Open Society (KFOS) and it is implemented between 1 July and 15 February 2020. The views and conclusions in this article are the sole responsibility of the author and do not in any way reflect the views of KFOS. 1 TOURISM FOR THE PURPOSE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM The concept of sustainable development Even though there is no universally accepted definition of sustainable development, the most commonly used one is from the “Our Common Future” report, developed by the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987, upon invitation from the United Nations: “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”1 Sustainable development is one of the most popular phenomena today, especially in the context of UN activities, i.e. the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It focuses on balancing numerous economic, environmental and social development goals as well as the importance of the institutional component. The UN General Assembly declared 2017 the Year of Sustainable Tourism Development, with the intention of supporting changes in tourism development policy, in order to contribute to the achievement of the global sustainable development goals. The targets of sustainable tourism development were agreed and adopted at the RIO+20 conference in 2012, and formally entered into force at a UN session at the end of 2015. The implementation of these goals officially began globally on 1 January 2016. The defined global sustainable development goals are: No poverty – the goal is to destroy all types of poverty throughout the world until 2030; Zero hunger – clearly defined removal of all types of hunger and insufficient nutrient intake throughout the world; Good health and well-being –this goal seeks to provide good health and well-being to every inhabitant of the planet at every age; Quality education – calling for quality education at all levels of the educational process; Gender equality – even though gender equality has increased significantly in recent decades, there is still plenty of room for improvement; Clean water and sanitation – this objective is considered to be at the core of sustainable development. It is estimated that 91% of the world's population has access to clean drinking water, which is an improvement of 9% since 2000; Affordable and clean energy – a key element of every sustainable development goal and calls for the promotion and use of renewable and “clean” energy sources worldwide; 1 Our Common Future, Brundtland Report, 1987, available at https://bit.ly/2uANL6b 2 TOURISM FOR THE PURPOSE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM Decent work and economic growth – calls for sustainable inclusive economic growth, which is very important for sustainable development; Industry, innovation and infrastructure – it provides the material basis for sustainable development, that is, calls for the advancement of industry and infrastructure through innovation; Reduce inequalities – the goal is to reduce all forms of inequality in a society; Sustainable cities and communities – The assumption is that by 2030, 6 out of 10 people will live in cities and should therefore strive for sustainable cities and communities; Responsible consumption and production – this objective is directly linked to economic growth, which is crucial for sustainable development; Climate action – calls for fight against climate change, i.e. the reduction and elimination of the causes leading to it; Life under water – refers to ocean, marine and coastal resources, their exploitation and protection; Life on land – refers to the preservation of diverse life forms on land and their protection, predominantly from anthropogenic influence; Peace, justice and strong institutions – falls under the social part of sustainable development and is considered to be its core; Partnership for the goals – promotes global partnerships for the purpose of sustainable development goals. The concept of sustainable development includes balanced economic, social and cultural development without endangering the environment,