Environmental Assessment Document
lnitial Environmental Examination
Loan Number: 2796 and Grant Number: 0267 NEP Februarv 2013
Nepal: Decentraltzed Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project- Additional Financing
Pakarbas - Galba Road Subproject (Rehabilitation and upgrading), Ramechhap
Prepared by the Government of Nepal
The Environmental Assessment is a document of the bonower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of AOB'S Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of Pakarbas – Galba Road Subproject (Rehabilitation and upgrading)
Submitted to: Ministry Of Federal Affairs and Local Development Government of Nepal
Proponent: District Development Committee, Ramechhap Manthali
Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project Additional Financing (DRILP-AF)
February, 2013
Table of Contents
ABBREVIATIONS ...... iii Executive Summary (Nepali) ...... iv Executive Summary (English) ...... viii 1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Name and Address of the Proponent ...... 1 1.2 Background ...... 1 1.3 Rationale of the IEE ...... 2 1.4 Objectives of the IEE study ...... 3 1.5 Methodology Adopted...... 3 2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework ...... 4 3 Description of the Project ...... 7 3.1 Relevancy of the Subproject ...... 7 3.2 Description and Location ...... 7 3.3 Salient Features of the Subproject ...... 12 3.4 Components and Activities of the Subproject ...... 12 3.5 Construction Approaches and Activities ...... 13 3.6 Implementation Schedule ...... 13 4 Description of the Environment ...... 14 4.1 Physical Environment ...... 14 4.2 Biological Environment ...... 15 4.3 Socio-economic and Cultural Environment ...... 16 5 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Benefit Augmentation/Mitigation Measures 21 5.1 Mitigation Measures during Pre-construction Phase ...... 21 5.2 Beneficial Impacts and Benefit Augmentation Measures ...... 22 5.3 Adverse Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 24 5.4 Climate Change Impacts ...... 32 6 Analysis of Alternatives ...... 33 6.1 No Action Alternative ...... 33 6.2 Proposal Alternatives ...... 33 6.3 Alternative Alignment ...... 33 6.4 Alternative Design and Construction Approach ...... 33 6.5 Alternative Schedule and Process ...... 33 6.6 Alternative Resources ...... 34 7 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure ...... 35 7.1 Public Consultation ...... 35 7.2 Information Disclosure ...... 36 8 Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 35 8.1 Procedure for Grievances Handling ...... 37 9 Environmental Management Plan ...... 39 9.1 Institutions and Their Roles ...... 39 9.2 Reporting and Documentation ...... 41 9.3 Implementation of Benefit Augmentation and Mitigation Measures ...... 42 9.4 Mitigation Cost for Executing the Environmental Management Plan ...... 51 9.5 Matters to be monitored while implementing the Proposal ...... 53 9.6 Monitoring Parameters ...... 53 9.7 Monitoring Indicators ...... 55 10 Conclusions and Recommendations ...... 63 References ...... 63
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination i
List of Tables
Table 1: Review of Environmental Acts, Regulations and Guidelines ...... 5 Table 2: Sub-project Implementation Schedule ...... 13 Table 3: Land Use Type along the Road Alignment ...... 14 Table 4: Forest along Road Alignment ...... 16 Table 5: Protected Wildlife in the Road ...... 16 Table 6: Distribution of Population with Household along the Road alignment ...... 17 Table 7: Development Potentialities in Various Sectors ...... 20 Table 8: Summary of Meeting Minutes ...... 35 Table 9: Institutions and their Roles ...... 39 Table 10: Likely Beneficial Impacts and Proposed Enhancement Measures ...... 43 Table 11: Likely Adverse Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures ...... 45 Table 12: Environmental Monitoring Cost ...... 52 Table 13: Cost Estimate for Environmental Enhancement and Mitigation Measures ...... 52 Table 14: Monitoring Indicators Selected for this IEE ...... 55 Table 15: Compliance Monitoring for Pakarbas- Galba Road Subproject ...... 57 Table 16: Impact/Effect Monitoring of Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject ...... 60
List of Figures
Figure 1: Map of Nepal Showing Pakarbas-Galba road subproject of Ramechhap District ...... 8 Figure 2: Map Showing Pakarbas-Galba road subproject in Ramechhap District ...... 9 Figure 3: Map Showing the Pakarbas-Galba Road Alignment ...... 9 Figure 4: Ecological Map of Pakarbas- Galba road sub-project ...... 11 Figure 5: Percentage of Hhs with Occupation ...... 17 Figure 6: Land Holding Pattern of Settlements along the road corridor ...... 19 Figure 7: Number of Households belonging to different Food Security Category ...... 19 Figure 8: Flow Diagram for Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 38 Figure 9: Environmental Management Organisation Structure ...... 41
Appendixes Appendix I: Terms of Reference for IEE study Appendix II: REA Checklist Appendix III: Environmental Checklist Appendix IVa: Abstract of Cost for Civil Works Appendix IVb: Summary of Project Cost Appendix V: Public Notice Appendix VI: Deed of inquiry (muchulka) Appendix VII: Meeting minutes with local people Appendix VIII: Recommendation Letters Appendix IX: Socio-economic data of subproject area Appendix X: Name of Organization Contacted Appendix XI: List of Person Contacted Appendix XII: List of potential toe walls for spoil disposal Appendix XIII Recommended Structure to mitigate water induced hazards Appendix XIV: Trees to be Cut Down Appendix XV: Detail Information of Affected Structures Appendix XVI: Grievance Reddress Mechanism Appendix XVII: Photographs
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination ii
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB: Asian Development Bank AP: Affected Person BG: Building Group Ch: Chainage CBO: Community Based Organization CDC: Compensation Determination Committee CF: Community Forest CFUG: Community Forest Users Group CISC: Central Implementation Support Consultants CITES: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species DADO: District Agriculture Development Office DDC: District Development Committee DFO: District Forest Office DISC: District Implementation Support Consultants DIT: District Implementation Team DoLIDAR: Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads DPO: District Project Office DRCC: District Road Coordination Committee DSCO: District Soil Conservation Office DTO: District Technical Office DRILP-AF: Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project-Additional Financing EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment EMP: Environmental Management Plan EMS: Environmental Management Section EPA: Environmental Protection Act EPR: Environmental Protection Rules FGD: Focus Group Discussion GoN: Government of Nepal GESI: Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Ha: Hectare Hh: Household IEE: Initial Environmental Examination Km: Kilometer LBES: Labour based equipment supported LDO: Local Development Officer LEP: Labour based, environment friendly and participatory m: meter MoSTE: Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment Ml: Milliliter MoFALD: Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development NGO: Non-Governmental Organization NRs: Nepali Rupees NTFPs: Non timber forest products PCU: Project Coordination Unit RES: Rapid Environmental Screening RP: Resettlement Plan SDC: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SM: Social Mobilizer ToR: Terms of Reference VDC: Village Development Committee VWRCC: Village Works and Road Construction Committee ZoI: Zone of Influence
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination iii
Executive Summary (Nepali) Kfs/af;–ufNaf ;8s pkcfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z1 k|:tfjs of] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg /fd]5fk lhNnfsf] dsb'd uf=lj=;=sf] lrxfg8fF8f -uf]ugkfgL_ b]lv d´'jf x'b} vfF8fb]jL uf=lj=;= sf] ufNafahf/ hf]8\g] k|:tfljt !!=^( ls=dL= nfdf] jif{ e/L rNg] ;8ssf] u|fe]n u/L :t/f]GGftL ug{ tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . ljs]Gb|Lt u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tyf hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ sfo{s|d–cltl/St nufgL (DRILP-AF) cGt/ut lhNnfdf sfof{Gjog lgsfosf] lhDd]jf/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt /fd]5fksf] ePsf]n] ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0fsf] k|:tfjs klg lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt /fd]5fk xf] . k[i7e"dL ljs]Gb|Lt u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tyf hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ sfo{s|d–cltl/St nufgL (DRILP-AF) PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] cg'bfg tyf C0f ;xof]u, cf]lkm8sf] C0f ;xof]u, :jL; ljsf; ;xof]u lgof]usf] cg'bfg / k|fljlws ;xof]u tyf g]kfn ;/sf/, ;xefuL lhNnfx? / nfeu|fxL ;d]tsf] nufgLdf z'? ePsf] cfof]hgf xf] . of] sfo{s|dsf] nIo lk5l8Psf tyf b'u{d lxdfnL tyf kxf8L !* lhNnfsf] u|fdL0f If]qsf] ;fdflhs ;]jfdf oftfoftsf] ;xh kx'Fr / cfly{s cj;/nfO{ a9fP/ u/LaL Go"lgs/0f ug'{ /x]sf] 5 . k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0fsf] p2]ZoM k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg cWoogsf] d'Vo p2]Zo pkcfof]hgf If]qsf] ef}lts, h}ljs, ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ;f+:s[lts jftfj/0fdf kg]{ k|efjx? kQf nufpg' sf ;fy} jftfj/0fdf kg]{ gsf/fTds k|efjsf] Go"lgs/0fsf pkfox? / ;sf/fTds k|efj a9fpg] pkfox? af/] ;'emfj lbg' / jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog u/fpg' /x]sf] 5 . cWoog k|s[of :ynut e|d0f tyf tYofÍ ;+sng @)^* ;fn r}q dlxgfdf ul/Psf] lyof] . lkmN8 ;j]{If0fjf6 lnOPsf tYofÍ tyf cGo pknAw tYofÍx?sf] ;fy} ;fdflhs tyf k|fljlws 6f]nLjf6 k'gjf{; sfo{sf] ;e]{If0fsf] nflu ;+sng u/]sf tYofÍx? s]nfP/ k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L lgisif{ tyf ;'emfjx? lbOPsf 5g\ . k|:tfjsf] ;fGb{lestf o; ;8ssf] lgdf{0faf6 dGynL lhNnfsf] k"j{, pQ/ / pQ/klZrd e]usf dflg;x?nfO{ ;'lawf k'lu lhNnf ;b/d'sfd / g]kfnsf cGo efux?;Fu ef}lts tyf cfly{s kx'Fr k'/ofpg] 5 . ks/af;nfO, dGynL– ks/af; ;8s x'b} dGynL tfdfsf]zL ;8s eP/ nfdf];fF3' lh/L ;8s af6 lhNnfsf] k"lj{o efu;Fu hf]8\g'sf] ;fy} ufNAff ahf/nfO{ nfdf];fF3'–lh/L ;Dd ufNaf–bf]/Daf–d'9] ;8s x'Fb} lhNnfsf] pQ/L e"– efu;Dd hf]8\5 . ;fy} ufNAff ahf/n] lhNnfsf] pQ/klZrd efunfO{ ufNaf–u'/f;]F –bf]nfn3f6 ;8s x'Fb} c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ hf]8\5 . jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0f P]g @)%#, jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0f lgodfjnL @)%$ -cg';"rL !_ tyf PlzofnL ljsfz j}+s ;'/If0f gLlt syg -;]kmuf8{ kf]nL;L :6]6d]G6_, @))(, cg';f/ lhNnf ;8ssf] lgdf{0f ug{ k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f cfjZostf kb{5 . of] cWoog k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/, tTsflng :yflgo ljsf; dGqfno xfn ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yflgo ljsf; dGqfno -dGqL :t/_ sf] @)^$÷%÷)@ lj=;+= -!( cui6 @))&_ sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ :jLs[t sfo{;"rL -ToR_ sf] cfwf/df tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . oBkL, sfo{;"rL k'/} ;8s pkcfof]hgf -@(=@ ls=dL=_ sf] l:js[t ePkgL, ah]6sf] cefjn] of] ;8snfO{ dGynL–ks/af;
1 This is Executive Summary of the IEE report in Nepali language and an English version is given in page viii.
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination iv
;8s pkcfof]hgf / ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s pkcfof]hgfdf juL{s[t ul/of] . o;dWo] dGynL–ks/af; ;8s pkcfof]hgfnfO{ DRILP df ;dfj]z u/L] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f l:js[t ;d]t eO;s]sf] 5 / ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s pkcfof]hgf DRILP-AF df lgdf0f{ ug{ k|:tfjLt ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] ljj/0f / ljBdfg jftfj/0fLo l:ylt k|:tfjLt ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s jif{ e/L rNg] u|fe]n ;8ssf] ?kdf lgdf{0fsf] nfuL k|:tfjLt u/LPsf] 5 . ;8ssf] rf}8fO{ % ld= / hDdf nDafO{ !!=^( ls=dL= Pj+ ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfut g]=? !*@,(%&,@*%=&$ /x]sf] 5 . ef}uf]lns ?kdf of] ;8s d£okxf8L v08df cjl:yt 5 h'g ;d'b|L ;txb]lv !,$@) dL= sf] prfO{af6 -uf]ugkfgL_ z'? eP/ ;d'b|L ;txb]lv @,)!) dL= prfOdf /x]sf] -vfF8fb]jL_ df 6+'luG5 . k|:tfljt ;8s ;dl;tf]i0f hnjfo' ePsf] If]qdf /x]sf] 5 / o; If]qsf] tfks|d clwstd / Go"gtd s|dz #)º ;] / !!º ;]N;Lo; /x]sf] 5 eg] cf};t jflif{s jiff{ @,)%% ld=ld= /x]sf] 5 . of] ;8s v]tL ul/Psf] hdLg, kfvf] hdLg, jg / j:tL eP/ hfG5 . ;8s lgdf{0fjf6 v]tL u/Lg] hdLg !=)^ x], kfvf] hdLg )=%!^ x ] / h+un )=!@( x] / a:tL )=)( x] gf]S;fgL x'g hfg]5 . of] ;8sdf Sjf/hfO{6, lkmnfO{6, l;:6 h:tf r§fgx? kfOG5g / o;df Pn'lePn, sf]n'lePn / /]l;l8of]n k|sf/sf df6f]x? kfO{G5g\ . ;8s v08df kfgLsf d'Vo >f]tx?df vfF8fb]jL vf]nf -r] !±$$)_, kf}jf vf]nf -^±*#^_ / cw]/L vf]nf -!)±*%)_ vf]nf /x]sf 5g\ . k|:tfljs ;8s If]qsf] jfo' tyf kfgL sf] :t/ ;kmf g} /x]sf] b]lvG5 ;fy} Wjlg k|b'if0fsf] ;d:of 5}g . ;8s v08df cl:y/ e"efu ePsf 7fpFx? r] #±%() b]vL r] #±&@) ;Dd, r]= &±(@% b]vL &±($) ;Dd / r]= *±*() b]vL *±($) ;Dd /x]sf 5g . o; ;8ssf] j/Lk/L ;Nnf, lrnfpg], kmn]bf], c+u]/L, u'/fF; cflb k|hfltsf af]6–la?jf kfO{G5g\ eg], dl´7f], wl;Ë/] cfbL k|hftLsf u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfj/ kfO{G5g\ . To;}u/L d]jf, sfutL / cDaf cfbL k|hftLsf kmnkm'nx? kfOG5g\ . o; If]qdf kfO{g] d'Vo jGohGt'x?df lrt'jf, b'D;L, :ofn cflb kb{5g= . sflnh, k/]jf cflb k+IfLx? klg oxfF kfO{G5 . o; cfof]hgf If]q jl/k/L s'g} klg ;+/lIft If]q kb}{g . of] cfof]hgf # j6f ;fd'bflos jg eP/ hfG5 . o; ;8ssf] j/Lk/L # j6f uf= lj= ;= dsb'd, d´'jf / vfF8fb]jLsf ^ j6f j:tLx?df &*( hg;+Vof - !%) 3/–w'/L_ a;f]af; ub{5g . oL j:tLx?df u'G8'uf]n, ;fx'6f]n, r'N7]kfgL, sfkmngfuL, kftn] / l;dkfgL cflb d'Vo x'g\ . o; af6f]sf] j/Lk/L If]qL, tfdfË, du/, g]jf/ clb hftLsf] a;f]jf; /x]sf] kfO{G5 . v]tL–kftL tyf kz'–kfng o; If]qsf] d'Vo k]zf /x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf dflg;x?sf] cGo k]zfdf Hofnf dh'b/L, ;/sf/L tyf u}x| ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?, Aofkf/–Aoj;fo tyf 3/]n' pBf]u /x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s ?kn] ;ls|o pNn]vlgo hg;+Vof ef/t tyf cGo d'n'sdf /f]huf/Lsf nflu uPsf] kfO{G5 .
;sf/fTds k|efj oftfoftsf] ;'ljwfn] :yflgo afl;Gbfx?sf] hLjgdf y'k}| ;sf/fTds k|efj kb{5g\ . ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ :yfgLo jfl;Gbfx?n] >dLssf] ?kdf /f]huf/L -!$,$!& bIf >dLs lbg / !$*,*)! cbIf >dLs lbg_ k|fKt ug]{ 5g\ . o; r/0fdf x'g] cGo nfex/mdf jGb Jofkf/sf] a[l4, pkcfof]hgfn] k|bfg u/]sf] zLkd'ns tyf hgr]tgfd'ns tflnd tyf ;8s lgdf{0f sfo{df ;xefuL eO{ :yfgLo hgtfsf] ;Lk a[l4 x'g] cj;/ kb{5g\ .
;8ssf] lgdf{0f eO{ ;+rfngsf] cj:yfdf To; If]qdf vfBfgsf] cfk"lt{df ;'wf/ eO{ cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs :yfoLTj a9\g hfg]5 . ;fy} ;8s oftfoftn] ubf{ u|fdL0f e]ujf6 ahf/ If]q / ahf/ If]qjf6 u|fdL0f e]udf ;]jf tyf ;fdfgx?sf] cf];f/ k;f/ l56f], 5l/tf], ;'ne tyf ;:tf] x'g hfg]5 . a'9fyf]sL 6f]n / ln:kftL Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination v h:tf If]qdf ahf/ ljsf; eO{ oxfFsf afl;Gbfx?sf] hLjg :t/df ;'wf/ x'g hfg] ;Defjgf 5 . o;sf ;fy} ahf/ If]qsf] ljsf;n] ubf{ hUufsf] d"Nodf ;d]t j[l4 x'g hfg]5 . gsf/fTds k|efj ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ ef}lts jftfj/0fdf kg]{ gsf/fTds k|efjx?df e":jfdLTjsf] k|of]udf jbnfj, le/fnf] hUufdf klx/f] hfg], jfo' tyf kfgLdf k|b"if0f, vg]sf] df6f] kmflnbf kg]{ k|efjx? d'Vo 5g\ . o;} k|sf/ h}ljs k|efj cGt/ut )=!@( x]S6/ jg gf]S;fgL x'g'sf] ;fy} jGohGt'sf] a;f]jf;df cK7\of/f] kg{ hfg]5 . hDdf @,^@$ lghL hUufaf6 / #$( ;fd'bflos jgaf6 ?vx? x6fOg]5g\ . cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k|efj cGt/ut ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ !=)^ x]S6/ v]tL ul/g] hdLg tyf )=)( x]S6/ j;f]jf; u/LPsf] If]q gf]S;fgL x'g'sf ;fy} o; If]qsf afl;Gbfx?sf] :jf:Yodf ;8s lgdf{0f x'Fbf k|lts'n c;/ kg{ hfg]5 . k|:tfljt ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ lghL ;+/rgfx? cGtu{t rf/j6f ufO{Uff]7, Pp6f ;'Ëu'/ uf]7, b'O{j6f ldn, Pp6f 5fk|f] / Pp6f 3/ x6fpg' kg]{ x'G5 . To:t} ;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/x?df b'O{j6f wf/f], kfgL d'xfg, kfgL 6ofÍL / wf/f, l;¢ vfg]kfgL kf]v/L / s'jf, kftn] vfg]kfgL l:sdnfO{ c;/ kg{ hfg] 5 .
;8s ;~rfngsf] r/0fdf ;jf/L ;fwgsf] cfjudgaf6, jiff{ofdsf] kfgLaf6 tyf :yfgLo le/kx/fx/mdf ufO{j:t' r/fpbf jf /mv lj/mjf sf6\bf cl:y/tf a9\g uO{ klx/f] hfg ;Sg]5 . ;8s lsgf/fsf gfnL af6 ju]sf] clgolGqt kfgLn] ;8s d'lgsf v]tjf/Ldf e'Ifo x'g ;S5 . ;jf/L ;fwgsf] a[l4n] w'nf] tyf WjgL k|b'if0f a9g]\ 5 . To;}u/L ;8ssf] ;'wf/ ;+u} jg If]q;Dd ePsf] kx'Frn] ubf{ jg ;Dkbf tyf jGo hGt'df rfk a9\g uO{ jg ;Dkbfsf] gf]S;fgL / hLjhGt'nfO{ c;/ kg{ ;Sg]5 .
;sf/fTds k|efj a9fpg] pkfo sfdbf/ tyf lgdf{0f ;d"xsf ;b:ox?sf] hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ ug{sf] nflu ljleGg zLkd"ns tflndx? -cfocfh{g, OlGhlgol/u+ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf h}ljs k|ljlwsf sfd ;DaGwL_ lbO{g] 5g\ . ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; ug{ tyf ljlQo ;+:Yff tyf a}+s ;+u Joj;fo lj:tf/ ug{ sf] nflu ;dGjo u/fO{g] 5 . ;8s lgdf{0fsf s|ddf sDtLdf $)% dlxnf ;xeflutf u/fO{g] 5 . gsf/fTds k|efj Go"lgs/0fsf pkfo le/fnf] hldgnfO Aoa:yfkg ug{ jfof]OlGhgLol/Ë -h}ljs_ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ul/g] 5 / To;}u/L tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf df6f] kmfNg] sfd ul/g] 5 . 6]jf kvf{n nufO{ df6f] pTvgg\ / kmfNg] sfo{nfO Aoa:yfkg ul/g] 5 . ;8sdf k/]sf] hUuf tyf cGo ;+/rgf, ;Dkltsf] k|fKtL tyf Ifltk"lt{ ;DjlGw s'/fx?nfO{ ;d]6\g 5'§} k'g{jf; of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . ;8s dfgj>d k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t x'g]5 ;fy} >d d'ns, oGq ;xof]uL - LBES_ 9+un] lgdf{0f ul/g] 5 . pkcfof]hgfn] k|efljt 3/–w'/LnfO{ lgdf{0f sfo{df /f]huf/Ldf tyf ;Lkd'ns tflnddf k|fyldstf lbO{g]5 . sfdbf/x?nfO{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ ;'/Iffsf ;fwgx? -x]Nd]6, df:s, dkmN;_ lbO{g] 5 / sfdbf/sf] nflu vfg]kfgLsf] cfk"lt{ tyf c:yfO{ vfN6] rkL{ x? agfOg] 5g\ . ;fy]} kfgLsf] >f]tdf vlgPsf] df6f] kmflng] 5}g . sfdbf/x?sf] nflu cf}ifwL tyf b'3{6gf aLdfsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
;8s lgdf{0fsf] nfuL jg If]q k|of]hg ug{ lhNnf jg sfof{no -lh=j=sf=_ af6 l:js[tL lng' kg]{ 5 . o;} k|sf/, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ :j?k *,&@% ?vx? -!M@% sf] cg'kftdf_ j[Iff/f]k0f u/fpg / % aif{ ;Dd ;+/If0f ug{ ;xof]u -cg'dflgt nfut g]?= ^!$,^&^_ ;fy} :yfgLo jfl;GbfnfO{ @,^@$ ?vx? !M! sf] cg'kftdf -cg'dflgt nfut g]? **,#@#=*$_ j[Iff/f]k0f ug { ;xof]u lbOg]5 .
;8s ;+rfngsf] cj:yfdf ;fgf ;fgf klx/f] tyf df6f]sf v;]sf l9:sfx?nfO{ t'?Gt} plrt k|ljlwaf6 ;kmf ul/g] 5 . 8\fOe/x?nfO ;r]t u/fpg jg, :s"n / cfjf; If]qdf xg{ ahfpg lgif]w ul/Psf ;fOgaf]8{x? /flvg]5g\ . Joj:yLt a:tL ljsf;sf] nflu hgr]tgf hufpg] sfo{s|d ;+rfng ul/g]5g . ;fy} ;+efljt b''3{6gf af6 hf]ufpg pko'Qm ;8s ;'/Iffsf pkfox? cjnDag ul/g]5g\ .
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination vi
;fj{hlgs k/fdz{ tyf ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ug ]{ k|f/lDes jftfj/0f k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf] nflu !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;'rgf >L /fhwfgL /fli6«o b}lgsdf @)^*÷!)÷!# lj=;+= df k|sflzt u/L ;DalGwt uf=lj=;=, lh=j=sf=, lh=lj=;=, ljBfno, :jf:y rf}sL, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf AolQm jf ;+:yfx?af6 /fo ;'´fa ;+sngsf] nfuL k|sfzLt u/l/Psf] lyof] . k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f agfpg] ;dodf ;8s lgdf{0f glhssf j:tLx?df ufpmF–:t/Lo lgdf{0f tyf ;dGjo ;ldtLsf ;b:ox?, lzIfs tyf cGo :yfgLo AolStx?;Fu k|:tfjLt pkcfof]hgfaf6 kg{ hfg] ;sf/fTds tyf gsf/fTds c;/ jf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg ;fj{hlgs 5nkmn u/LPsf] lyof] . o;}sf] cfwf/df k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;lxt g]kfnL sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z, ;sf/fTds k|efj a9fpg] pkfox? tyf gs/fTds k|efj Go'gLs/0f pkfox? / jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf ;dfj]z u/L /fo ;'´fjsf] nfuL ;fj{hlgs k|:t'tLs/0f ul/g]5 . o;}u/L ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yflgo ljsf; dGqfno / PlzofnL ljsf; a}+saf6 cfPsf] /fo ;'´fj ;dfj]z u/L l:jls[tLsf] nfuL k7fOG5 . l:js[t k|ltjbg] ;/f]sf/jfnf / cGo AolQm jf ;+:yfx?sf] kx'rsf] nfuL /fd]5fk lhNnf ljsf; ;ldtLsf] ;'rgf s]Gb|, PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s, 8f]nL8f/ tyf ljs]Gb|Lt u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tyf hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ sfo{s|d–cltl/St nufgL (DRILP-AF) sf] j]e;fO6df k|sflzt u/Lg]5 .
U'fgf;f] lgbfg ;+oGq (Grievance Reddress Committee) :yfgLo lgsfo tyf k|efljt AolStx?sf] ;DalGwt u'gf;f]x?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ k|To]s pkcfof]hgdf u'gf;f] lgbfg ;ldtL (Grievance Reddress Committee) :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;ldltdf :yfgLo lgsfosf] k|ltlglw, k|efljt AolSt, ;dfh ;]jLx? ;lDdlnt ul/Psf 5g\ . of] ;ldlt dfkm{t k|efljt AolStn] cfof]hgf;Fu ;DalGwt hgu'gf;f] p7fpg kfpg]5g\ . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] jftfj/0f tyf ;fdflhs OsfOsf] k|d'vn] sfof{Gjog lgsfosf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ 5 . jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf o; k|ltj]bgdf jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf cGtu{t cfof]hgfaf6 kg]{ ;+efljt c;/x?, c;/x?sf] k|efj, Go"lgs/0f ljlw, cg'udg ljlw tyf sfo{tflnsf k|:tfljt ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} Go'lgs/0fsf pkfox?sf] tyf cg'udg sfo{sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/ lgsfox?sf] klg klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . cg'udgsf nflu cfjZos ef}lts, h}ljs, ;fdflhs–cfly{s tyf ;fF:s[lts jftfj/0fsf ljleGGf cg'udg ;'rfÍx?sf] klg klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;d:6Lut ?kdf cfof]hgf :t/sf] cg'udg ;+l3o dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnosf] jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg zfvfaf6 x'g]5 eg] pkcfof]hgf :t/sf] cg'udg k|To]s lhNnf of]hgf sfof{nodf /x]sf] jftfj/0fLo ;'/Iff sIf (Environmental Safeguard Desk) af6 x'g]5 . jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg of]hgf sfo{fGjog ug{ hDdf ?= &,#)),^$@=)& vr{ x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . lgisif{ tyf ;'emfjx? Kfs/af;–ufNaf ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgn] ;sf/fTds k|efjx? gsf/fTds k|efjsf] t'ngfdf j9L dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] / nfdf] ;do;Dd /xg] / gsf/fTds k|efjx? Go"lgs/0f ug{ ;lsg] s'/f b]vfpF5, . of] ;8s pkcfof]hgfsf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f k|of{Kt /x]sf] 5 . k|efjx?sf] Go"lgs/0f / ;+nUg jftfj/0fLo Aoa:yfkg of]hgf sfof{Gjog u/L k|:tfljt pkcfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/G5 .
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination vii
Executive Summary (English)
Proponent This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report has been prepared for the rehabilitation and upgrading of the proposed 11.69 km long all weather gravel road connecting Chihandanda (Goganpani) of the Makadum VDC to Galba Bazar of Khadadevi VDC in Ramechhap district. The District Development Committee (DDC), Ramechhap is the implementing agency at the district level under Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project-Additional Financing (DRILP-AF) and the proponent of the IEE study for the road sub-project. Background DRILP-AF is a project being implemented by loan and grant assistance from ADB, loan assistance from OFID and technical and grant assistance from Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), counterpart funding from Government of Nepal (GoN), participating districts and contributions from project beneficiaries. The goal of the project will be reduced rural poverty in 18 poor and remote hill and mountain district. The project purpose will be widened access to social services and economic opportunities.
Objectives of the IEE study The main objective of the IEE study is to identify the impacts of physical, biological, socioeconomic and cultural environment of the sub-project area and recommend practical and site specific environmental mitigation and enhancement measures, prepare and implement environmental management plan for the sub-project.
Methodology The findings and conclusions of the initial environmental examination report are based on the analysis of the information collected from the field during March 2012 AD by undertaking a walk-through environmental survey along the proposed route and secondary information supplemented by the social and technical teams working on the resettlement survey and detail survey.
Relevancy of the Proposal This road will provide physical and economical access to the people of eastern, northern and nothwestern part of the district with other people as Pakarbas is linked through the Mathali- Pakarbas road with Manthali-Tamakoshi road connecting Ramechhap to Lamosanghu-Jiri Highway in eastern part. In the northen part from the Galba bazaar, it links to Lamsangu-Jiri Road through the Galba-Doramba-Mude road. Similarly, Galba bazaar connects to Arniko Highway through the Galba-Gurashe-Dolalghat road in northwestern part.
Preparation of IEE for district road is mandatory according to EPA, 1997 and EPR, 1997 (schedule 1) and ADB Safeguard Policy Satement, 2009. This IEE report of Pakarbas-Galba Road sub-project in Ramechhap district is prepared based on the Terms of Reference (ToR) approved on 19 August 2007 AD by then Ministry of Local Development (MoLD) at present Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development (MoFALD). Though the ToR is approved for the whole length (29.2 km) of the Manthali–Pakarbas-Galba road subproject, it has been undertaken in two sections such as Manthali-Pakarbas and Pakarbas-Galba due to budget constraint. Therefore, Manthali-Pakarbas section has been taken under DRILP and IEE report for this section has already been approved in DRILP and Pakarbas-Galba road has been proposed in DRILP-AF.
Description of the Project and its Environment The proposed Pakarbas-Galba road is a district road and has been proposed for rehabilitation and upgrading as all weather gravel road. The road formation width is 5.0 m and total length of this road is 11.69 km and estimated cost is NRs. 182,957,285.74. Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination viii
The proposed road lies in the middle mountain region. The elevation of road alignment ranges from 1,420 m (Goganpani) to 2,010 m at msl (Khadadevi). This sub-project lies in sub-tropical region and the average maximum and minimum temperature is 30ºC and 11ºC respectively. The average annual rainfall in the district is 2,055 mm. The road mainly passes through cultivated land, forest, settlement and barren land. Total 1.06 ha cultivated land, 0.129 ha forest area, 0.516 ha barren land and 0.09 ha settlement area has to be acquired during the road construction.
The road section comprises of different types of rocks like, quartzites, phyllite, schist etc. In general soil type along the road can be classified as alluvial, colluvial and residual. The alignment passes through Khadi Khola (Ch 1+440), Pauwa Khola (Ch 6+836) and Andheri Khola (Ch 10+850). Ambient air and water quality in the proposed project area is found to be good and there’s also no noise pollution. Slope instable areas from Ch 3+590 to Ch 3+720, Ch 7+925 to Ch 7+940 and Ch 8+890 to Ch 8+940 are observed along the road alignment.
The dominant forest and fodder species reported in the road alignment are Pinus roxburghii Lyonia ovalifolia, Rhododendron arboreum, Schima wallichi, Erythrina sps, etc. The main NTFP species found along the road alignments are: Rubia manjith, Gaultheria fragrantissima etc. Similarly fruit trees found are Papaya, Lemon, Guava, etc.
Leopard, Porcupine, Jackal are the wild animals reported in the forest of proposed road. Similarly birds are Pheasant, Pigeon, etc. The road does not fall under any protected or buffer zone area. The road alignment passes through three community forests. There are six settlements along the proposed road alignment in Makadum, Majhuwa, & Khadadevi VDCs with population of around 789 persons (150 households). These settlements are Gundugol, Sahutole, Chulthe Pani, Kaphalnagi, Patle and Simpani. Diverse ethnic groups such as Chhetri, Tamang, Newar, Magar etc. live along the road alignment. The main occupation of the people residing along the proposed road alignment is agriculture and livestock. People are carrying out other economic activities like working as labor, employment in government and non government organizations, business and cottage industries. A significant section of the economically active male population goes out to various foreign countries mainly in India to obtain employment. Beneficial Impacts The immediate beneficial impacts from road development are apparent in the construction phase like there will be various employment opportunities (14,417 skilled and 148,801 unskilled person days). Other beneficial impacts include enhancement of local business, development in skills of local people from skill developing training, awareness raising training and involvement in the construction of the project.
During operation stage, an improved road access will bring an improvement of food security situation and overall economic and social stability. The road will also provide cheap, safe and fast transport of goods and services from rural areas to urban centers and vice versa. There is a possibility of increased economic opportunities and significant growth and extension of the local markets along the road alignment like in Budathokitole and Lispati settlements. In addition, construction of road will lead to appreciation of land values particularly near the market and settlement areas.
Adverse Impacts The physical adverse impacts during rehabilitation and upgrading of the road will be due to change in land use, slope instability and air, dust and water pollution, quarry sites and spoil disposal. Similarly, biological impacts during construction will be loss of 0.129 ha of forest
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination ix area (three CFs) and disturbance to wildlife and bird habitat. Total 2,624 numbers of trees from the private land and 349 trees from three CFs will be cleared.
Socio-economic impacts during the construction works will be loss of 1.06 ha of agricultural land, 0.09 ha of settlement area and exposure to health and safety problems. There are four cattle shed, one pig shed, two mills, one hut, and one house which have to be acquired for the rehabilitation and upgrading of road. Under community infrastructure two tap stands, one intake, one storage tank tap stand, Shiddha water pond and Kuwa construction, Patle water scheme have to be acquired.
During operation stage, vehicular movement, monsoon rain, grazing of animals and cutting of trees on the unstable slopes might result in slope instability and hence erosion and landslides might occur. The flowing water on the side drain of the road might cause erosion of soil on adjacent agricultural land. Vehicular emissions will result in air and noise pollution. Because of easy accessibility to the forest, it will deplete forest resources and wildlife.
Benefit Augmentation Measures Life skill training such as income generation activities, construction of soft engineering structures and bioengineering works for workers and members of BGs will be conducted to improve their livelihood. Awareness raising to local entrepreuners for promoting linkage with bank and other financial institutions for setting up business enterprises will be provided. More emphasis will be given to women workers as at least 40% workers should be women. Mitigation Measures Bioengineering will be done to stablize slopes and spoils will be disposed in identified spoil disposal sites. There is proviosn of toewalls for balancing cut and fill volume. A separate Resettlement Plan (RP) has been prepared to address land and property acquisition as well as compensation issues. The construction of road will be based on Labour-based, Equipment Supported (LBES) approach. Affected families will be given high priority for employment and skill development trainings. The workers will be provided with helmets, masks, muffles depending on the nature of the construction work. Drinking water facility and temporary pit latrine will be established and disposal of excavated materials in the water bodies will be avoided. Workers will be provided with medicines and group accidental insurance facility. Forestry clearance approval will be obtained from the district forest office (DFO) in order to fell tree from the construction site. CFUGs and DFO will be supported for the compensatory plantation and protection for 5 years of 8,725 trees (estimated cost is NRs. 614,676.00) in community forests (in the ratio of 1:25). Likewise plantation of 2,624 trees (estimated cost is NRs 88,323.84) will be done in private lands (in the ratio 1:1). During operation stage, minor landslide and mass wasting will be immediately cleared and slope restored with appropriate technology. Appropriate sign boards will be erected informing drivers about prohibition of blowing horns in the forest areas and potential areas for wildlife crossing. For developing managed settlement, awareness programs will be conducted. Appropriate road safety measures will be applied. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure In order to prepare the IEE of Pakarbas-Galba road subproject 15 days public notice was published on 27 January 2012 AD in Rajdhani, a national daily newspaper seeking the written opinions from concerned VDC's, DDC, DFO, schools, health posts, CFUGs and related local organizations. Public consultation was done with the local people living near the alignment of the proposed road, members of VWRCC, teachers and local leaders during the preparation of IEE report. Similarly, meetings were held with the local community in order to aware them of incoming road subproject and to identify the possible beneficial and adverse impacts along with this subproject. Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination x
A draft IEE report along with executive summary, identified impacts, recommended benefit augmentation and mitigation measures and EMP has been prepared in Nepali language for public disclosure. Likewise, after the incorporation of comments from the DDC, ADB and MoFALD, final IEE report will be sent for approval. The approved IEE report will be accessible to interested parties and the general public through the information centre of Ramechhap DDC and websites of ADB, DoLIDAR and DRILP-AF. Grievance Redress Mechanism A Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) has been set-up to address all concerns and grievances of the local communities and affected parties. This committee will address the project related grievances of the affected parties and will provide them a public forum to raise their concern or objections. The chief of the Environmental and Social Unit of DDC represents the implementing agency in the GRC.
Environmental Management Plan An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been proposed with present report including issues identified, possible effects and impacts, measures for their mitigation and monitoring method and schedule. Different monitoring indicators on physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural environment have also identified. Overall project level monitoring will be conducted through the environmental management section (EMS) of MoFALD whereas the subproject level monitoring will be arranged through safeguard desk in each DPO. For the implementation of EMP, total amount of NRs. 7,300,642.07 has been proposed. Conclusion and Recommendation The IEE study of the proposed Pakarbas-Galba Road road sub-project reveals that the benefits from the implementation of the proposed road project are more significant and long term in nature against the adverse impacts most of which could be mitigated or avoided. Therefore, this IEE is sufficient for approval of the proposed road sub-project. This sub- project is recommended for the implementation with the incorporation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan.
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination xi
1 Introduction 1.1 Name and Address of the Proponent
1. This IEE Report has been prepared for the rehabilitation of 11.69 km long fair weather earthen district road connecting Chihandanda (Goganpani) of Makadum VDC with Galba bazaar of Khadadevi VDC in Ramechhap District. 2. The District Development Committee (DDC), Ramechhap is the implementing agency at the district level under Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project- Additional Financing (DRILP-AF) and the proponent of the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) study for the construction of Pakarbas-Galba road sub-project. 3. Address: District Development Committee, Ramechhap Manthali, Ramechhap Telephone No. - 048-540114 Fax No. - 048-540029
4. Name and Address of the preparer Consultant: Central Implementation Support Consultant ITECO Engineering Ltd. Switzerland Telephone No: 977-1-5543142 Fax No: 977-1-5543144 www.drilpnepal.org
IEE Report preparation team: Padam Bahadur Chand - Environmental Assessment Advisor Engila Maharjan Mishra - Environmental Officer
Data collection support Chitra Thapa - District Team Leader Mahesh Adhikari - Engineer - Detail survey of road including geological assessment Jaya Bahadur Bhujel - Social Mobilization Coordinator and forestry expert Phul Kumari Bote- Social Mobiliser
1.2 Background 5. The Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project-Additional Financing (DRILP-AF) is a project being implemented by loan and grant assistance from ADB, loan assistance from OFID and technical and grant assistance from Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), counterpart funding from Government of Nepal (GoN), participating districts and contributions from project beneficiaries. The goal of the project will be reduced rural poverty in 18 poor and remote hill and mountain district of Nepal2. The project purpose will be widened access to social services and economic opportunities. The project purpose will be achieved through the following outputs: (i) rural incomes uplifting through increased employment, skills training and improved access to credit for the rural poor, (ii) capacity building and decentralized governance, including addressing corruption concerns and (iii) fostering rural transport connectivity and complementary community infrastructure investments.
2 The 18 project district are Taplejung, Solukhumbu, Okhaldhunga, Ramechhap, Gorkha, Lamjung, Baglung, Myagdi, Jajarkot, Dolpa, Jumla, Mugu, Humla, Kalikot, Bajhang, Bajura, Baitadi and Darchula Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination 1
6. The underpinning thrust will be on labor based equipment supported (LBES)3 construction techniques to promote greater involvement of road building groups (BGs) in construction activities which will boost local jobs.
7. Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads (DoLIDAR) is the executing agency for DRILP-AF supported sub-projects. The implementing arrangements are as following: DoLIDAR has established a Project Coordination Unit (PCU) in Kathmandu, headed by a project coordinator to coordinate all project activities. The PCU will be responsible for guiding and monitoring District Development Committees (DDCs) as they implement project components. 8. At the district level, project implementation will be the responsibility of the District Project office (DPO) within the District Technical Office (DTO) of each DDC. A local engineering consultant to cover technical issues, and a local Non-Government Organization (NGO) engaged for social mobilization and support for rural infrastructure building groups, will support the DPO as District Implementation Support Consultants (DISC). Overall back stopping support to the district will be provided by Central Implementation Support Consultants (CISC). 9. The District Development Committee (DDC), Ramechhap is the executing agency at the district level under DRILP-AF and the proponent of the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) study for the rehabilitation and upgrading of Pakarbas-Galba Road Sub-project.
1.3 Rationale of the IEE
10. An IEE of the proposed road is necessary in order to assess the environmental consequences of the proposed rural road construction activities and suggest appropriate, practical and site specific mitigation and enhancement measures. This is Rural Road Class "A" District road according to Nepal Rural Road Standard (2055) 1st Revision, September 2012 of the Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads. Therefore, it is a legal requirement by the Government of Nepal (GoN) according to article 3 of Environmental Protection Act (EPA) 1997 and rule 3 of Environmental Protection Rules (EPR) 1997 as mentioned in schedule 1. 11. Preparation of IEE report by concerned District Development Committee (DDC) and approval of IEE report by the Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development (MoFALD) according to Nepali legal provision is considered sufficient subject to prior review of an agreed sample of sub-project IEEs by ADB and Nepali legal provisions in essence satisfy ADB's requirements. DRILP-AF falls under category "B" project where IEE is mandatory for all sub projects according to Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 of ADB. 12. This IEE report of Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject in Ramechhap district is prepared based on the Terms of Reference (ToR) approved on 2064/5/2 B.S. (19/08/2007 A.D) by the Minister level decision of then Ministry of Local Development (MoLD) at present Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development (MoFALD) which is given in Appendix I. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist was also considered during IEE report preparation as given in Appendix II. In the beginning, the whole project Manthali–Pakarbas- Galba road has been taken and ToR was prepared and approved for whole length (29.2km). However, due to budget constraint, Manthali-Pakarbas section has been taken by DRILP and IEE report of Manthali–Pakarbas has been prepared and approved in DRILP whereas for the remaining section of Pakarbas-Galba road subproject, the project preparatory work such as detail design survey has not been started in DRILP and it has been proposed for
3 As propsed in PAM of DRILP AF - Labor based equipment supported (LBES) approach to road construction and maintenance means applying equipment support to construction tasks where the labor intensive approach has shown to be ineffective (eg, rock breaking, transport of construction materials etc). The LBES will improve the quality of construction and result in more sustainable transport benefits. Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination 2
DRILP-AF. Hence, the IEE report of remaining section of Pakarbas-Galba is prepared in DRILP-AF based on the approved ToR of Manthali-Pakarbas-Galba road. That is why; there is a time gap between IEE report preparation and ToR approval.
1.4 Objectives of the IEE study 13. The main objective of the IEE study is to identify the impacts of physical, biological, socioeconomic and cultural environment of the sub-project area and to propose mitigation measures to avoid, mitigate, reduce and minimize such impacts. The specific objectives of the proposed IEE study include to: ¾ identify the major issues that may arise as a result of proposed works on bio- physical, socioeconomic and cultural environment of the project area, ¾ recommend practical and site specific environmental mitigation and enhancement measures, prepare and implement environmental monitoring plan for the sub-project, ¾ make sure that IEE is sufficient for the proposed road sub-project, and ¾ provide information on the general environmental setting of the Pakarbas-Galba area as baseline data.
1.5 Methodology Adopted 14. The IEE approach, methodology and procedure were followed according to the provisions of the EPA, 1997 and EPR 1997. It follows methodology suggested in the approved Terms of Reference for IEE Study (review of literature, sample survey/inspections/observations, making simple measurements, discussion with communities and other stakeholders, and IEE team judgment).
15. Necessary information was generated through field study and literature review to accommodate all issues as included in the approved ToR to analyze environmental impacts on physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural issues. Primary level of information was generated through questionnaires, checklist (Appendix III) and data sheets walk-over survey. Secondary information was collected through reports, profiles, maps etc. Total subproject cost was estimated and given in Appendix IVa & b. As per legal requirement, 15 days public notice was published in Rajadhani, a national level daily newspaper (Appendix V) seeking written opinion from concerned VDCs, DDC, schools, health posts and related local organisations. A copy of the public notice was also affixed in the above mentioned organisations and a deed of inquiry (muchulka) was collected (see Appendix VI). Furthermore, local people were contacted and interviewed to solicit information. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were held within the various settlements along the ZoI (one and half hours walk from the centerline of the road or 5 km distance). Meeting minutes are given in Appendix VII. Recommendation letters were obtained from concerned VDCs, CFUGs and DFO as given in Appendix VIII. Socioeconomic data of households within road corridor were analysed and summarized in Appendix IX. The district level officials, VDCs and community groups were also contacted to verify information (Appendix X & XI). Based on the analysis of information the impacts have been predicted, mitigation measures prepared and monitoring plan has been developed. Please refer Chapter 7 for details about public consultation, participation and disclosure. inquiry
1.5.1 Desk review The following steps were followed during the desk review: a. Collection and review of secondary information from various sources b. Initial interaction and consultation with the local community and district level stakeholders c. Delineation of geographical boundary of the influence area on the topographical map d. Preparation of project specific checklist
a. Collection and review of secondary sources of information from various sources: Secondary information was collected through published and unpublished reports and Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination 3
interpretation of maps and photographs. The sources of information were District Development Committee (DDC), District Forest Office (DFO), other line agencies, related NGOs and other project offices in the district. b. Initial interaction and consultation with the local community and district level stakeholders: During the IEE report preparation, EAA, EO and DISC team met, discussed and interacted with concerned staff of the Government of Nepal, DDC, VDCs in the district head quarter and teachers, community based organization member and knowledgeable key persons of surrounding areas within the Zone of Influence (ZoI). c. Delineation of geographical boundary of the influence area on the topo-map: The geographical boundary of ZoI (one and half hours walk from the road) was drawn on the topographical maps with the help of DISC Engineer, SMC and SM. d. Preparation of project specific checklist: A checklist was prepared to collect physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural environment related information in the field. This check list was based on APPROACH manual produced by DoLIDAR. In addition, ZoI household survey questionnaire was used to collect socio-economic information of the households. Similarly, household listing survey report was used for the listing of agricultural land, forest, trees, houses and other affected properties prepared during resettlement survey.
1.5.2 Field survey Field survey comprised of walkthrough survey, consultation with community, site inspection and observation. Data collection was done in March 2012 AD (Chaitra 2068 BS) by the staff of DISC team (DISC Team Leader, Engineer, Social Mobilisation Officer, Assistant Sub- engineer and Social Mobilizers). The following tools were used for the collection of primary data: Focus group discussion (FGD) - To conduct consultation with the local communities at different settlements, FGD was organized with key informants and other knowledgeable persons at each settlement. It was done to collect biological, socio- economic and cultural environment related information using a checklist ZoI household survey - Questionnaire was used to collect socio-economic information of all the households within the ZoI. Household listing survey - Total enumeration was done for the listing of agricultural land, forest, trees, houses and other affected properties. Stripe map - It was used during walkthrough survey to document environmental features according to the chainage. Topographical map - It was used to show environmental features on the map during walkthrough survey. Photographs - Necessary photographs were taken to show different environmental features.
Pakarbas-Galba Road, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination 4
2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework
16. Government of Nepal has adopted various acts, regulations and guidelines to ensure the integration of development and conservation of environment. The IEE study was being guided by the requirements and provisions of the following acts, rules and guidelines as given in Table 1. Table 1: Review of Environmental Acts, Regulations and Guidelines
SN Environmental Acts, Description of Requirements Regulations and Guidelines 1 The Interim Constitution of Provision of right regarding environment and health: Nepal, 2063 BS (2007 AD) Every person shall have the right to live in clean environment and every citizen shall have the right to get basic environmental service free of cost from the state as provided for in the law. 2 Environmental Protection Act, Any development project, before implementation, to 2053 B.S (1997 A.D) pass through environmental assessment, which may be either IEE or an EIA depending upon the location, type and size of the projects. 3 Environmental Protection Obliges the proponent to inform the public on the Rules 2054 B.S. (1997 A.D.) contents of the proposal in order to ensure the participation of stakeholders. 4 Forest Act, 2049 B.S. (1993 Requires decision makers to take account of all forest A.D.) values, including environmental services and biodiversity, not just the production of timber and other commodities. 5 Forest Rules, 2051 B.S. Elaborates legal measures for the conservation of (1995 A.D.) forests and wildlife. 6 Government of Nepal: Work Forest area will be provided for the national priority Procedure for Providing the projects only. Provision for the compensatory plantation Forest Land for Other Use, (with protection for five years) equivalent to the forest 2063 BS (2007 AD) area lost from the construction of the road. If the trees lost have more than 10 cm diameter than 25 times more new trees will be planted. 7 The Labor Act, 2048 BS Regulates the working environment, deals with (1992 AD) occupational health and safety. 8 Local Self Governance Act Empowers the local bodies for the conservation of soil, 2055 B.S. (1999 A.D.) and forest and other natural resources and implements Rules 2056 B.S. (2000 A.D.) environmental conservation activities 9 Land Acquisition Act, 2034 Specifies procedural matters of land acquisition and B.S. (1977 A.D.) compensation. 10 National Environmental Provides guidance to project proponent on integrating Impact Assessment environmental mitigation measures, particularly on the Guidelines, 1993 management of quarries, borrow pits, stockpiling of materials and spoil disposal, operation of the work camps, earthworks and slope stabilization, location of stone crushing plants etc.
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SN Environmental Acts, Description of Requirements Regulations and Guidelines 11 APPROACH for the Emphasizes labor based technology and environmental Development of Agricultural friendly, local resource oriented construction methods to and Rural Roads, 1999 be incorporated actively in rural infrastructure process. 12 Reference Manual for Suggests stepwise process of addressing Environmental and Social environmental and social issues alongside the Aspects of Integrated Road technical, financial and other issues. Development, 2003 13 Green Roads in Nepal, Best Focuses on participatory, labor based and environment Practices Report: An friendly technology with proper alignment selection, Innovative Approach for Rural mass balancing, proper water management, Infrastructure Development in bioengineering and phased construction. the Himalayas and Other Mountainous Regions, 1999 14 Batabaraniya Nirdesika The directive is focused in the practical implementation (Nepali), 2057 of small rural infrastructures through the minimization of environmental impacts. This directive includes the simple methods of environmental management in the different phases of the project cycle. More emphasis is given to prevention rather than cure. 15 Safeguard Policy Statement, ADB’s Safeguard Policy Framework consists of three ADB, 2009 operational policies on the Environment, Indigenous people and Involuntary resettlement. It requires that (i) impacts are identified and assessed early in the project cycle, (ii) plans to avoid, minimize, mitigate or compensate for the potential adverse impacts are developed and implemented and (iii) affected people are informed and consulted during project preparation and implementation 16 National Adaptation Program The NAPA has been instrumental in mainstreaming of Action, 2010 climate change in development planning. The NAPA has developed a framework for adaptation programme, and has identified key adaptation needs, existing adaptation practices and options for developed projects including infrastructure. 17 Environmental Assessment It eaborates environmental legal requirements and Review Framework (EARF), procedures according to the Government of Nepal and 2011 for DRILP-AF Safegaurd Policy Statement, 2009 of ADB. 18 Three Years Interim Plan, Requires that all projects will be formulated and 2010/11-2012/13 constructed based on methods that optimally utilize the local skill and resources and generate employment opportunities.
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3 Description of the Project 3.1 Relevancy of the Subproject
17. The proposed Pakarbas-Galba road passes through Makadum, Majuwa and Khadadevi VDCs. Pakarbas is linked through the Mathali-Pakarbas road with the Manthali Tamakoshi road connecting Ramechhap to Lamosanghu-Jiri Highway in eastern part. In the northen part from the Galba bazaar it links to Lamsangu-Jiri Road through the Galba- Doramba-Mude road. Similarly, Galba bazaar connects to Araniko Highway through the Galba-Gurashe-Dolalghat road in northwestern part. Furthermore the Galba Bazaar is connected with BP highway through the Galba-Khairenighat road if there will be Sunkoshi Bridge at Sitkhaghat in southern part. Vehicles are already plying up to the bank of Sunkoshi River in Galba-Khairenighat road and Galba-Sitkhaghat road. 18. Moreover, this road will save considerable travel time and improve income generation potentials, enhance commercial opportunities and improve market accessibility. This road will also provide short-term employment opportunity by engaging the rural poor people in construction of the road. Such people based development efforts will reinstall economic activities in the area by creating long term employment and other opportunities too.
3.2 Description and Location 19. The proposed sub-project, Pakarbas-Galba road starts from Chihandanda (Goganpani) in Makadum VDC, which passes through the various major settlements such as Chulthepani, Choprang, Patle and Lispati and ends at the Galba Bazaar of Khadadevi VDC. The road does not pass through any protected areas, historically and archaeologically sensitive areas. 20. The road passes through the Makadum, Majhuwa and Khadadevi VDCs of the Ramechhap District. The initial track opening was done by the VDC a few years ago. Most sections of the proposed alignment passes through the existing alignment more or less and vehicles are moving from Galba Bazaar to Sunkoshi river bank through the Galba-Sitkhaghat road and western part of Ramechhap through Galba-Lubhu road. However in some section at chainage 6+550 in Patale, a new loop is introduced due to very high gradient of existing alignment. Also, at Lispati at chainage 9+200, the existing loop is extended to facilitate for smooth turning of vehicles. From chainage 3+730 to 4+050 and from Ch 5+325 to 5+510 the alignment is shifted a little from the existing road centre to maintain the grade of proposed alignment and balance the cut fill volume. The alignment passes through forests, settlements areas, cultivated land and barren areas, crossing streams (khola/kholsi) at some location. 21. Total construction cost of this road is estimated NRs. 182,957,285.74 as shown in Appendix IV The location of the road is illustrated by the Figure 1, 2 and 3.
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Figure 1: Map of Nepal Showing Pakarbas-Galba road subproject of Ramechhap District
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Figure 2: Map Showing Pakarbas-Galba road subproject in Ramechhap District
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Figure 3: Map Showing the Pakarbas-Galba Road Alignment
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Figure 4: Ecological Map of Pakarbas- Galba road sub-project
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3.1 Salient Features of the Subproject
Name of the subproject Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject Location Start Point Chihandanda (Goganpani) of Makadum VDC End Point Galba bazaar of Khadadevi VDC Geographical Features Terrain Hilly and Valley Alignment Altitude 1,420 m to 2,010 m Altitude at starting point 1,420 m Altitude at end point 2,010 m Climate Sub-tropical and temperate Soil Alluvial, colluvial and residual Classification of road District "A" Road Length of Road 11.694 km Type of Work Rehabilitation and upgrading with gravelling Standard of Pavement Gravel Construction Period 2 years Traffic Forecast 20 vehicles per day Design Speed 20 km per hour Minimum radius in horizontal curve 10 m Average grade 8% Maximum grade 12% DTMP code 21A005R Major settlements Name of settlements Gundugol, Sahutole, Chulthe Pani, Kaphal nagi, Patle, Simpani No. of households along the road 150 VDCs along the road Makadum, Majuwa, Khadadevi Cross-section Right of way 10.0 m on either side of centerline of the road Formation width 5.0 m having 5% outward slope Carriage way 3.0 m Structures Dry stone causeway 15 numbers Retaining structures Dry stone wall 5,308 m3 (809.57 m3 toewalls for spoil management) Gabion wall 9,190.5 m3 Bioengineering works NRs. 3,769,377.00 (actual cost estimate) Earthwork Cutting 74,360.65 m3 Filling 14,604.81 m3 Project Cost Net Cost (NRs.) Rs. 182,957,285.74 Employment generation (Total person days) Skilled 14,417 person days Unskilled 148,801 person days Total employment generation (no. of laborer) for 90 working days Skilled 160 Unskilled 1,653
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3.2 Components and Activities of the Subproject
22. The total length of the road is 11.694 Km with 5 m formation width. Components included during the road construction are: construction of structures like toe wall retaining wall, breast wall, side drains, cross drainworks, whereas earthwork, site clearance, graveling, bioengineering, spoil disposal management are the activities during the rehabilitation and upgrading of this road subproject.
3.3 Construction Approach
23. This road will be constructed using the labor base equipment supported (LBES) approach, the important features of which are: ¾ Use of local people as labour, hand tools and small equipment, rather than heavy machinery for construction. ¾ Balancing cut and fill and reuse of excavated materials as construction materials, and thus not generating excess spoils as far as possible. ¾ Use of bio-engineering techniques: integrated use of vegetation, simple civil engineering structures and proper water management systems for slope protection.
3.4 Implementation Schedule
24. Following Table-2 shows the proposed implementation schedule for the sub-project: Table 2: Sub-project Implementation Schedule
SN Activity 2012 2013 2014 I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV 1 Detailed survey, design and estimate 2 Preparation of resettlement plan 2.1 Life skill and income generation training 3 Environmental Assessment and Implementation 3.1 IEE report preparation and approval from MoFALD and ADB 3.2 Implementation of EMP 3.3 Environmental Monitoring 4 Work Implementation 4.1 Civil construction work by contractors 4.2 Civil construction work by BGs Note: I - January, February, March II - April, May, June III - July, August, September IV - October, November, December
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4 Description of the Environment
25. The baseline information of environmental condition of the proposed road alignment that comes along its entire length and surrounding area has been collected from various secondary sources, walkover survey throughout the proposed road alignment, questionnaire survey and focused group discussion and interaction with local people and representatives from various government offices in Ramechhap. The baseline information on the existing physical,biological as well as socio-economic and cultural environment of the proposed sub- project are described as follows:
4.1 Physical Environment
26. The section describes the physical condition of the area that comes under the ZoI of the road section along its entire length and surrounding area.
4.1.1 Topography
27. The subproject area lies in central region of Nepal. The topography setting of the subproject is ridge/hill as well as valley alignment. 28. The Pakarbas-Galba Road road follows the cultivated land, forest and barren land. The starting point of Pakarbas-Galba is at Chihandanda (Goganpani) in Makadum VDC and reaches to Galba Bazaar of Khadadevi VDC. 29. The elevation ranges from 1,420 m asl to 2,010 m asl. The hills are steep and the topography is rugged. Major portion of the road alignment passes from the upper Valley region.
4.1.2 Geomorphology and Geology
30. The sub-project area lies in Ramechhap distict of Janakpur Zone in the Central Region of Nepal. The lithology of this zone comprises mainly of medium to low grade metamorphic rocks like phyllite, quartzite, schist and sandstones. Geologically, the area lies in Lesser Himalaya Sediments (Kathmandu Group). Boulders and exposed bed rocks are also found along the road alignment. Soil Type 31. The common soil type includes alluvial, colluvial and residual soils. Generally, the soils are of light to medium textured. Colluvial soil is the most dominant soil type along the road alignment.
4.1.3 Land Use
32. Land use pattern of the area through which the road passes have been classified into four types: settlement areas, cultivated areas, forest and barren land as shown in Table- 3 below.
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Table 3: Land Use Type along the Road Alignment (5 m formation width) Land use type Coverage (ha) Total Area (ha) Existing Additional area area required Community Forest 0.517 0.129 0.646 Agricultural Land 1.59 1.06 2.65 Barren Land 1.204 0.516 1.72 Settlement Area 0.81 0.09 0.9 Total 4.12 1.795 5.91 Source: Field survey, 2012
4.1.4 Climate and Hydrology 33. Climate is dominated by topographical variations. The climate of the subproject area is sub-tropical. The road corridor experiences the maximum temperature of 30°C and minimum of 11°C. The average annual rain fall of the district is about 2055 mm. 34. There are several streams (including dry streams/kholsi) at different chainages along the proposed alignment. The road crosses major streams such as Khadi Khola (Ch 1+440), Pauwa Khola (6+836) and Andheri Khola (10+850) and several small streams. Causeways are recommended for these major streams. No wetlands are found within the vicinity of the road.
4.1.5 Landslide and Erosion Prone Area 35. Though most of the road passes through hill and valley areas, there are no significant problems of landslide. However, landslides have been observed at chainages Ch 3+590 to 3 +720, 7+925 to 7+940 and Ch 8+890 to 8+940.
4.1.6 Slope Stability 36. Along the road corridor, gully erosion and sheet erosion is prominent in the area nearby small streams.
4.1.7 Air, Noise and Water Quality Ambient Air Quality 37. The air quality observed is normal as there are very few vehicles plying in this road. Noise 38. The proposed area does not have any sources of noise nuisance. Water Quality 39. Water quality in the proposed road section is observed to be good since it is used for drinking purpose and there is no biotic interference. There is no defecation problem observed around the drinking water sources. However, during the monsoon season the quality of water may be polluted due to the accumulation of silt.
4.2 Biological Environment 4.2.1 Vegetation & Wildlife
40. The dominant forest and fodder species reported in the road alignment are Angeri (Lyonia ovalifolia), Gurans (Rhododendron arboreum), Chilaune (Schima wallichi), Faledo (Erythrina sps), Phalame (Homalium napau), Bhalayo (Bridilia retusa), Mauwa (Bassia
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Latifolia), Uttis (Alnus nepalensis), etc. The main NTFP species found along the road alignments are: Majitho (Rubia manjith) and Dhasingare (Gaultheria fragrantissima), etc. 41. The road passes through three community forests as given in Table-4: Table 4: Forest along Road Alignment
Name of CF Chainage Length Existing Additional Main Species (m) area (ha) Area (ha) Laxman 0+000 to 0+709 79 0.2836 0.0709 Angeri, Saibari Chilaune, Gurans Bhalukhop 5+550 to 5+677 127 0.0508 0.0127 Kaphal, Angeri, Chilaune, Uttis Dharjuk 10+320 to 458 0.1832 0.0458 Salla, Angeri, 10+778 Chilaune Total 1,294 0.5176 0.1294 Source: Field survey, 2012
42. Number and Species of trees directly affected by the proposed road is given in Appendix XIII. 43. Leopard (Panthera pardus), Porcupine (Hystrix indica), Jackal (Canis aureus), Monkey (Macaca mulatta) and Jungle cat (Felis chaus) are the wild animals reported in the proposed road area. Similarly, birds are Kalij (Lophura leucomelanos), Pigeon (Columba livia), Crow (Corvus splendens), Sparrow (Passer domesticus), etc. Protected Wildlife 44. The protected wildlife found in the forest along the road corridor area given in Table - 5. None of these species observed and known to be solely dependent on habitats along the forest of road alignment. Table 5: Protected Wildlife in the Road
Scientific Remarks SN Local Name Name IUCN 2008 CITES Code Occurrence 1 Badar Macaca mulatta NT Appendix II4 C 2 Syal Canis aureus LC Appendix III5 C 3 Pigeon Columba livia LC - C Source: Field survey, 2012 Note: NT= Near Threatened, Occurrence: C= Common, LC = Least Concern
45. The road does not fall under any protected or buffer zone area.
4.3 Socio-economic and Cultural Environment 4.3.1 Population Distribution, Caste/Ethnicity and Occupation
4 Species not yet threatened, but which could become endangered if trade is not controlled 5 Species that are protected by individual countries within their borders, and for which co-operation of other convention signatories is sought.
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46. There are seven major settlements along the road alignment. The proposed road alignment passes through the Makadum, Majhuwa and Khandadevi VDCs with the total population of 789 persons with 47.4% of male and 52.5% of female distributed in 150 Household (Hhs) as shown in Table -6.
Table 6: Distribution of Population with Household along the Road alignment
Settlements VDC & Ward Total Population Male Female Caste/ethnic no. Househo distribution lds (HH) Gundugol Khadadevi-9 24 126 60 66 Chhetri Sahutole Makadum-4 13 68 32 36 Chhetri Chulthe Pani Majhuwa-4 25 132 63 69 Chhetri, Tamang Kaphal nagi Majhuwa-7 34 179 85 94 Chhetri Patle Khadadevi-7 26 137 65 72 Tamang, Newar Simpani Dimipokhari-5 28 147 70 77 Magar Total 150 789 375 414 Source: Field Survey, 2012
4.3.2 Socio-economic Information
47. The main occupation of all people residing within the road corridor of the proposed road alignment is agriculture and livestock (please refer Figure 5). Almost all households (98%) are involved in agriculture and livestock along with other occupation. Due to limited transportation facilities, agriculture farming is not enough for subsistence level. Therefore, people are carrying out other economic activities like labour and porters (79.3%), working in government and non government organizations (6.7%), cottage industry (2.7%) and small scale business (2%). Details are shown in Appendix IXa. Figure 5: Percentage of Hhs with Occupation other than Agriculture & Livestock
90% 79.33% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% Percentage 20% 6.70% 10% 2% 2.70% 0% Labour Business & Cottage Employees &porter commerce industry
Major Occupation
Source: Field survey, 2012
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Market Centres and Business Facilities 48. There are 5 grocery shops and 2 small hotels with few lodging facilities near the Budathoki tole, Lispati and Galba Bazaar. Local Economy 49. The economy of the area is predominantly agriculture based. Local people are gradually attracted towards cultivation of cash crops and vegtables etc. Dairy production and selling it to the market is also another source of income for local farmers. About ninety-eight percent of total population is dependent on agricultural activities for their livelihood. With growing closeness of the project area with market centres and district headquaters due to transportaion facility, cultivation of fruits (Junar, Papaya, Banana) and vegetables (Cabbage, Potato, Cauliflower, Beans) in a commercial manner seems to gain momentum. Seasonal migration at Kathmandu and Manthali for labour work whereas migration for more than six month for different parts of country and outside country such as India, Qatar and Kuwait to earn money for their livelihood has significant contribution to the local economy (Refer Appendix IXb for migration pattern). Farming Pattern 50. Major crops that are cultivated in the project area are maize, millet, wheat, etc. Major cash crops that are grown in the project area are potato, mustard, green vegetables, etc. The area has appropriate climate and soil for farming of fruits such as papaya, junar and mango. Details of farming pattern of the people according to the settlements are shown in Appendix IXc. Livestock 51. Due to availability of good number of fodder trees, the project area has also immense potentiality of goat as well as cattle farming for dairy production, poultry and goat for egg and meat production, respectively. People are encouraged to produce milk in commercial scale due to market centre access in Budathoki tole, Lispati and Galba Bazaar. It is expected that the trend will increase in the coming days with the construction of the road. Local cattle farming and goat farming can also be enhanced due to easy market access. Details of livestock of the people according to the settlements are shown in Appendix IXc. Industry, Trade and Commerce 52. Some local people are engaged in grocery shop and tailoring. The area has potentiality of agro based industries such as dairy products, food processing. Goods of daily commodities are major imports in the project area, which includes salt, sugar, packed food items, spices, clothes and other items of daily uses. Similarly, major items exported from the project area are vegetables, fruits, etc. whereas cereal crops such as rice and maize are also export and import items. Public Services and Infrastructures There are various social sector facilities and infrastructure in different settlements as given below. Details about public services and infrastructures according to the settlements are shown in Appendix IXd. Communication and Electricity 53. There are no any lines from national grid for electricity in all the settlements. However most of the houses use mobile for communication purpose, these ar 317 in numbers. Sixty households have the facility of electricity from solar energy for lightning purpose. All houses use fire wood for cooking purpose.
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Water Supply 54. Most of the settlements have spring source for drinking water. Similarly except Simle and Nalpu, all the settlements have gravity flow water supply system.
Education and Health 55. Simpani has one campus and there is a primary school in Gundugol, Chulthepani and Simpani settlement. For higher education, people have to go to Manthali.
56. One health post is located in Simpani settlement of Dimipokhari VDC.
Irrigation 57. Irrigation facility is available to settlements through gravity fed canals from local streams and kholsi (streams) during the rainy seasons.
Other Infrastructure 58. There are three rice and flour mills; two are in Gundugol and one in Chulthepani; mainly used for grinding purpose.
Community Development Facilities 59. Community use structures like play ground and community centers are found in most of the settlements. There is one community organizations in Sahutole settlements whereas two Hatia, one each in Gundugol and Simpani settlement. .
Land holding pattern 60. The Figure-6 shows the land holding pattern 2.70% 1.30% < 1 ropani within the ZoI of the road sub-project. It shows that most of the households (42.7%) have land between 1 to 5 ropani 5-10 ropani, followed by 32% having 10-20 ropani, 21.30% 21.3% having 1-5 ropani of land. Few HHs (1.3%) 32% 5 to 10 have less than 1 Ropani of land whereas 2.7% have ropani greater than 20 Ropani of land. (1ha =19.6 ropani). 10 to 20 For details refer Appendix IXe. 42.70% ropani 20 to 50 ropani
Figure 6: Land Holding Pattern of Settlements along the road corridor Source: Field survey, 2012 Food Security 61. The Figure -7 below shows the number of houshols belonging to different food security category. About 84% of the households have enough food for three to nine months and 10% of the households have enough food for whole year. 4% of the households have food sufficient for three months. Only 2% of the households have food sufficient for whole year. For details refer Appendix IXf.
Figure 7: Number of Households belonging to different Food Security Category Source: Field survey, 2012
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Potential Development area 62. All settlements of the proposed road subproject have potential areas for the production of vegetables agriculture products. Other details about the potential development area are given in Table-7. Table 7: Development Potentialities in Various Sectors
Major Settlements Description of Potential Development Gundugol Vegetable farming Sahutole Quarrying work, developing Junar squash factory Kaphal nagi Vegetable and fruit farming Patle Pig rearing, vegetable farming Simpani Vegetable farming, religious tourism at Agleshwori Temple Source: Field survey, 2012
Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites 63. There are no any cultural and historical sites along the road alignment. There is Agleshwori temple which is religious and famous along the alignment. The road aligment is choosen in such a way that it will provide access to the temple without any damage to it.
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5 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Benefit Augmentation/Mitigation Measures
64. The identification and assessment of impacts has been carried out by considering the proposed proposal activities examined in terms of the construction and operation stage. Several such impacts have been identified based on site observation, field survey and information obtained from the stakeholders, with a few being identified on value judgement. The impact of the activities will be on physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural resources within the ZoI. Impacts from the proposed road sub project can be both beneficial as well as adverse. Most of the identified impacts have been quantified as far as possible. 65. Mitigation refers to the measures that are designed to cope with adverse consequences and to enhance the positive impacts on the environment as a result of the sub-project implementation. An effective implementation of benefit maximisation measures and adverse impacts mitigation measures would optimise the benefits expected from the sub-project and avoid/minimise the adverse impact. The impacts have been predicted in terms of their magnitude (minor, moderate and high), extent (site specific, local and regional) and duration (short, medium and long term) and appropriate benefit enhancement and mitigation measures are suggested as follows:
5.1 Mitigation Measures during Pre-construction Phase
66. The mitigation measures adopted during design or pre-construction phases are preventive in nature and have two basic objectives: i. Avoiding costly mitigation measures and ii. Increasing awareness amongst the stakeholders for environmental management of road construction, rehabilitation and operation.
5.1.1 Detailed Survey and Design
67. The road design has followed the rural road standards developed by DoLIDAR. The works will be executed through labour intensive construction methods. Bio-engineering techniques will be applied for stabilisation of slopes, which is sustainable, environment friendly and can be done by using local resources and manpower. To improve the transport services for the people living along the alignment and link local areas with the main market, acquisition of land would be required.
5.1.2 Compensation and Resettlement
68. Hhs who are donating land have food sufficiency of less than 6 months and are contributing more than 10% of their total land holding, they will be compensated for their loss. A resettlement plan has been prepared and the compensation will be paid. This will also outline the livelihood restoration measures, e.g. life skill training with support for economic activities, priority for working on road construction activities. The budgetary provisions will be made for this purpose in the programme. The programme will also facilitate voluntary contributions from the land owners. 69. Relevant issues raised during public consultation have been addressed under respective mitigation measures. Therefore, no separate mitigation measures are warranted for the concerns raised by the local people.
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5.2 Beneficial Impacts and Benefit Augmentation Measures 5.2.1 Construction Phase
Employment Generation and Increase in Income
70. One of the major direct beneficial impacts of the road during the construction stage is the creation of employment opportunities for the local community. The road construction will create 148,801 of unskilled and 14,417 skilled person day’s work. A total of 160 skilled and 1,653 unskilled people will get employment for at least 90 days. Employment generation for the local people will minimise seasonal migration to other parts of the country, as well as to foreign countries. More than NRs. 58 million will be injected in local economy during the road construction. The amount of money that is earned in wages will directly enhance the operation of various economic activities and enterprise development. There will be positive impacts in other economic activities in a chained manner creating other income generating activities. This is one of the direct and significant impacts of the projects but it is of short- term and local in nature. Involvement of women (40%), dalit and ethnic minority people will be done. 71. Following benefit augmentation measures will be implemented:
¾ Providing life skill training for income generation activities to improve the livelihood of Building Groups (BGs) member. ¾ Uplifting the socioeconomic condition of the local people particularly poor, dalit (occupational caste), ethnic minority and women through the training programs.
Skill Enhancement
72. Although many people in the project area are unskilled at present, the construction of road is likely to enhance their skills in construction, and large number of people will get practical or hands on training. Furthermore, the project will also organize training on road construction and maintenance to the BGs, social mobilizers and supervisors. This will enhance the technical skills of local people. The skill and knowledge acquired from the project during construction will enhance employment opportunities. Such trained manpower can earn livelihoods from similar project in future. This impact is indirect, medium, local and long-term in nature. 73. Following benefit augmentation measures will be implemented:
¾ Providing skill training in construction techniques, small engineering structures (masonary wall contruction, netting wires and construction of gabion wall, slope cutting, etc) and bio-engineering works.
¾ Providing additional knowledge in waste management, material handling and general application of environmental health and social precautionary measures.
¾ Augmenting local people capacity to find skilled jobs in the future, thus securing their livelihood as an alternative/additional occupation to agriculture. Enterprise Development and Business Promotion
74. During the construction period, different types of commercial activities will come into operation in order to meet the demand of workers. Since they will have good purchasing power, they will regularly demand for different types of food, beverage and other daily necessary items. To meet these demands, many local and outside people may operate a number of small shops and restaurants around the vicinity of the construction sites. Various farm based enterprises, including a wide range of agricultural and livestock products, will
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 22 also gain momentum as a result of increased demand by laborers during construction. This will increase local trade and business in the area during construction period. The impact is also direct, low, local and short term in nature. 75. The benefit augmentation measures will include The benefit augmentation measures will include awareness raising to local entrepreneurs for promoting linkage with cooperatives and other financial institutions.
Community Empowerment and Ownership 76. During construction period, Village Works and Road Construction Committee (VWRCC) and BGs will be constituted in order to proceed and implement the road construction activities. In this process, they will be oriented and trained to build and safeguard community infrastructures which will result in community empowerment and feeling of ownership among them. This impact is also indirect, low, local and long term in nature.
77. The benefit augmentation measures will include Assisting communities in identifying supplementary infrastructure and preparing proposals, Facilitating beneficiary participation through public hearings and social audits and Building community capacity in maintenance of supplementary infrastructure
Women and Indigenious People Empowerment 78. All the people will be benefited from the road construction. However, women and indigenious people may be benefited more from improved access to the market centers and various service providing agencies like health centers, banks, training institutions, women development office etc. Frequency of visit to such agencies will increase awareness level and empower them. The project will have indirect, significant, local and long-term impact.
79. Assist to organize women groups, provide training and keep at least 40% women as BGs members.
5.2.2 Operation Phase
Improvement in Accessibility and Saving of Time and Tranportation Cost
80. Rehabilitation of road will enhance the access of people to social services and quick transportation of goods. Travelling time will be reduced by two hours and the cost of transportation will be cheaper by half. This is the direct, most significant, regional impacts and will have long-term benefits.
81. Regular maintenance of the road will be done by the DDC/DPO
Access to Inputs and Services
82. Access to inputs and services is expensive and not regular at present due to the lack of access. Once the road is in operation, people should have cheaper and improved access to many inputs such as seeds, chemical fertiliser and technology, leading to increased agricultural production and diversification. The transportation cost is expected to come down heavily for many of the inputs that are used by farmers in farm and other goods. This is the direct, most significant, regional and will have long term benefits
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83. DDC/VDC and DADOs /Agriculture service centers will support in increasing income for the local farm products by establishing market outlets and sale center in coordination with related stakeholders.
Increase in Trade, Commerce and Development of Market centers 84. There is a possibility of increased economic opportunities and significant growth and extension of the minor local markets along the road like in Budathoki Tole and Lisapati settlements. The farmers will be more interested to increase agricultural production due to market accessibility. Similarly, there will be diversification in occupational pattern of local people, who are till now mainly dependent on subsistence farming. This will lessen pressure on local natural resources. There will be many non-farm employment opportunities for the growing rural population especially for occupational caste groups due to extension of market center and development of small towns. The project will have indirect, long term, local and high benefits.
85. DDC/VDCs will manage planned growth with required infrastructure facilities for healthy and hygienic environment in the market areas. Appreciation of Land Value 86. Construction of the road leads to appreciation of land values, particularly near the market and settlement areas. It is expected that land price will increase from NRs. 75,000/ ropani to 150,000/ropani due to the construction of the road. The impact is indirect, high, local and long term in nature.
87. The local people will be made aware of the fact that high value land is easily acceptable to the banks and microfinance institutions as a guarantee to provide loans. Local people can start their own business by mortagaging their land.
Increased Crop Productivity and Sale of Farm Products 88. Due to easy and cheaper availability of agricultural inputs and technologies, productivity will be increased along the road. Vegetables, fruits, cash crops, sale of farm, fruit and livestock products will be increased in almost all the settlements along the road corridor. The impact is indirect, high, local and long term in nature.
89. The benefit augmentation measures will be: Promoting market linkages and networking for a better market price through access Facilitating sale of farm, fruit and livestock products in the settlements along the road corridor.
Enhancement of Community Development Services 90. Due to an increase in employment opportunities, trade, business and agricultural income, money will be channeled into the local economy. This will increase income level of the individual household and the local community. This will increase income level of households. It is possible that some money may be spent by the individual for community development activities such as education, school, health and sanitation services. The impact will be indirect, high, local and long term in nature.
91. The benefit augmentation measures will be adopted as: Generating awareness to the people about the ways of enhancing community development activities. Supporting to promote linkage to social infrastructure services.
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5.3 Adverse Impacts and Mitigation Measures 5.3.1 Construction Phase Physical Aspects Change in land use 92. The land acquired for the implementation of the project can undergo a long-term permanent change in the land use. Changes of land use due to the construction of road are mainly conversion of agricultural land and forest into built up area 1.06 ha of agricultural land, 0.516 ha of barren land 0.1294 ha of forest land 0.09 ha of settlement area will be converted to earthen road and hence changing the land use pattern of the area. Similarly, there will be some change in land use due to expansion of roadside settlements. The impact from changes in land use will be high, direct, local and long term in nature.
93. There will be no mitigation measures for the permanent loss of agricultural, forest and barren land. However,following mitigation measures will be adopted to compensate the loss of land into built up area: Improving agricultural extension services to compensate for loss of production. Applying additional protective measures that the remaining land will not be lost due to erosion. Plantation of trees will be done to increase greenery in the area. Temporary lost vegetation on work site and material storage yards will be revegetated after the completion of road construction. During re-vegetation, local species identified during the survey will be used. The spoil site will be stabilized with bio-engineering
Hazards due to Spoil Disposal 94. Fresh cuts also invite landslides and erosion, particularly during monsoon. The common likely problems from inappropriate disposal of spoils are: gullying and erosion of spoil tips especially when combined with unmanaged surface water runoff, damage to farm lands, and destruction of vegetation, crops and property at downhill. The impact from spoil disposal will be direct, medium, site specific and long term in nature.
95. The following mitigation measures will be adopted: Adopting balances cut and fills. Wherever possible, surplus spoil will be used to fill eroded gullies, quarries and depressed areas, etc. Excess spoils will be disposed in specified tipping sites in a controlled manner and the tipping sites will be covered by vegetation by bio-engineering techniques after surplus material is tipped. Spoils will not be disposed on fragile slopes, farmland, marshy land, forest areas, natural drainage path, canals and other infrastructures. After the disposal, the site will be provided with proper drainage, vegetation and adequate protection against erosion. Necessary toe walls and retaining walls will be provided to protect the disposal of soil.
96. These sites are proposed for spoil disposal such as Ch 0+000 to Ch 0+700, Ch 3+900 to Ch 4+000, Ch 4+100 to Ch 4+110, Ch 7+900 to Ch 8+000 and Ch 10+500 to Ch 10+800. Accordingly, proper lead distance for disposal of spoil will be included in the detailed design of the road. Similarly, toewalls have been proposed at various locations to manage spoil disposal as given in Appendix XII.
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Slope Instability and Soil erosion 97. Removal of vegetation and open cuts with soil exposed to rain will cause soil erosion as well as landslides. Landslides have been observed at Ch 3+590 to 3+720, Ch 7+925 to Ch 7+940 and Ch 8+890 to Ch 8+940. These will be disturbed and will probably trigger soil erosion during the road construction. The stability of slopes along the road corridor depends upon slope angle, the material constituting the slope, rock discontinuities and hydrological conditions. The degree of sliding increases during road construction and it may cause regular sliding during operational phase, which will cause more problems during the monsoon period. The likely impact of slope instability and soil erosion is indirect, medium, site specific and long term in nature.
98. Gabion wall will be built to protect slopes from landslide and bioengineering will be adopted for stabilizing them. The following mitigation measures will be adopted during the construction and rehabilitation of the proposed road and the cost has been included in the sub-project cost: Ensuring minimum cut slope Selecting cut and fill slope at the correct angle, depending upon the soil type Re-vegetation of cut and fill slope or exposed areas as soon as possible, by using native plant species Adoption of bio-engineering techniques Ensuring minimum damage of vegetation during construction No construction work during rainy season Mass balancing in cut and fill Use of check dams and toe walls before disposing spoils on hill slopes
Disruption of Surface Water Flow and Drainage (Drainage and cross drainage works etc.)
99. Roads usually generate large volumes of concentrated surface runoff. The concentrated water from the road outlet causes erosion and landslide eventually affecting the stability of the road. The impact will be indirect, medium, site specific and medium term.
100. In order to avoid this, following mitigation measures will be under taken Provide adequate and appropriate numbers of drainage structures in order to have minimum interference with and impact on natural drainage pattern of the area, Avoid surface water discharge into farmland or risky locations, Avoid blockage or diversion of natural channels due to construction of road and disposal of spoils. Adopt outward road slope as per green road standard to minimize water accumulation
101. Details about necessary structures required to mitigate the water induced adverse impacts are given in Appendix XIII.
Air Dust, Noise and Water Pollution 102. Although the air quality of the project area is not measured, the air does not appear to be polluted. During construction of the road, there is a strong possibility of dust pollution. The dust emission is likely to be intense along the construction site. This may affect the local people and workers, as well as agricultural crops. Dust may create nuisance to markets, schools and health posts. Impact on air quality will be direct, low, local and short term in nature.The project area at present does not experience high levels of noise. However, the transportation of riverbed material for gravelling by vehicles and use of rollers for compaction
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 26 may cause noise pollution to some extent to the workers and people living in nearby areas. The impact of noise will be direct, low, local and short term in nature.
103. The water quality within the project area is not tested. Nevertheless, quality of water in the water bodies within the project area appears to be fairly good as they are widely used by households for drinking. During construction the waterbodies may be polluted by spoil and construction wastes, open defaecation in natural streams by construction workers. The impact will be direct, low, local, short term in nature.
104. The following mitigation measures will be adopted: Use of face masks by workers to minimise impact from dust generation Plantation of tree along the roadside to act as dust barrier. Use of ear muffles to lessen noise pollution during rock breaking and quarrying Avoiding the disposal of excavated materials in or near water bodies.
Impact due to Quarrying 105. Rehabilitation of the road requires boulders and other types of construction materials. These materials are available in Goganpani (Ch 0+000 to Ch 1+100), Khadadevi (Ch 3+500), Andheri Khola (Ch 10+800) and Galba (Ch 11+600). The extraction of materials from inappropriate places or in excessive amounts can damage the local environment. The potential adverse impacts of quarrying are accelerated erosion, landslides, disturbance in natural drainage patterns, water logging and water pollution. The likely impact from the operation of quarry sites will be direct, low in magnitude, local nature and short term duration.
106. The following mitigation measures will be adopted: Quarry operation plan will be prepared. Unstable sites, erosion prone areas, dense forest areas, settlements and fertile farm land will be avoided for quarrying operation. Gravel materials will be collected from the environmentally suitable and recognized quarry sites. After the extraction is completed, the quarry site will be rehabilitated to suit the local landscape, plantation will be done and drainage will be provided.
Location of Camp Sites 107. Camps may not be required where works are carried out by BGs. However, in contractor package, contactor may establish camp. Siting of camp may cause encroachment of forest, agriculture, alteration of drainage, solid waste and waste water problems. Impact will be direct, medium significance, site specific and for short-term.
108. The mitigation measures will be to use local labors; rent local house instead of camp to keep labors; siting camp away from productive lands and forest areas; pay compensation for using private farm or lands for storage or camp. Local use of material for camp construction, toilet, water and other basic facility to workers will be provided. Waste water and solid waste will be properly managed. Construction material will be properly stored. Appropriate camp sites have been identified at Ch 5+500 to 5 +539, Ch 6+940 to 6+982, Ch 7+590 to 7+640 and Ch 10+400 to 10 +500. Biological Aspects Loss or degradation of forest and vegetation 109. In total, 0.129 ha of forest will be affected due to this sub-project removing total of 2,973 numbers of trees. Similarly, 2,624 private trees and 349 of CF trees need to be cut down in the proposed alignment.
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110. The impact on vegetation/forest resources have been considered to be high in magnitude,site specific in extent and long term in duration whereas loss of other forest resources will be direct, local and long term in magnitude, extent and duration respectively.
111. The following activities are proposed to cut the trees from the forest area during the road construction Forest clearance approval will be obtained from the DFO and MoFSC. Government procedures such as counting the number of trees to be felled, marking and measuring wood quantity etc will be followed. Forest site clearance for construction will be limited to minimum width of road. No tree or vegetation will be cut unless absolute necessary. Felled trees will be managed properly.
112. The loss of trees cannot be minimized; however, it can be compensated by plantation of new trees. According to the Work Procedure for providing the Forest Land for Other Use, 2063 of Government of Nepal, the sub-project has to carry out plantation (with protection for five years) equivalent to the forest area lost from the construction of the road or pay for the plantation and protection cost to the community forest user groups (CFUGs)/District Forest Office. If the trees lost have more than 10 cm diameter, 25 times more new trees will be planted. Total 349 number of trees need to be cut down from community forests. So, in total 8,725 numbers of trees have to be planted for compensatory plantation with estimated cost of NRs. 614,676.00 as given in Appendix XIVa. This cost will be provided to the concerned CFUGs through DFO. Location and type of species for the plantation will be selected by the concerned CFUGs. However, emphasis will be given to local, multiple use, rare, endangered and protected species. The forest products from the CFs will be utilized by the CFUGs according to their operational plans. Likewise, for the loss of trees from the private land (i.e. 2,624 trees and fruits), plantation at the ratio of 1:1 trees will be done by the sub-project or the seedling and plantation cost will be provided by the sub-project. For the plantation of 2,624 trees, the total estimated cost is NRs. 88,323.84 as given in Appendix XIVb. For the compensatory plantation in CFUGs, sample agreement between concerned CFUG, DFO, DDC /DTO has been attached in Appendix XIVc. Impact on Wildlife and Bird Habitat 113. The proposed area is not a significant habitat for wildlife and bird species. However, the construction of the road may disturb wildlife and bird species present along the road corridor. Some protected and other wild fauna such as Hystix indica (Porcupine), Canis aureus (Jackal), Macaca mulatta (Monkey), Felis chaus (Jungle Cat), Caprolagus hispidus (Rabbit) and Muntiacus muntjak (Ratuwa/Barking Deer) are sometimes seen around the sub-project area. The movement of labor, use of construction equipments, and noise during construction may affect the home range of the fauna. The impact will be indirect, low, local and short term in nature.
114. The following mitigation measures will be adopted: Construction activities near the forest areas will be appropriately managed so that there will be least disturbance to the wildlife and birds. Prohibit to wildlife harassment and poaching by the workers. Coordination with DFO and CFUGs to control activities poaching of wild by enforcing acts and regulations strictly. Conducting conservation awareness programme for the construction workers.
Impacts on Flora and Fauna (as listed in CITES and IUCN Red data book)
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115. The proposed area is not significant habitat for wildlife and bird species. However, the construction of road may disturb wildlife and bird species present along the road corridor due to increased noise level. The impact will be indirect, low, local and short term in nature.
116. Following mitigation measures will be adopted:
When alignment passes through forest area, site clearance for construction will be limited to the minimum width. No tree or vegetation will be cut unless absolutely necessary. The construction activities near forest area will be appropriately managed so that there will be least disturbance to the wildlife and birds. Workers will be actively prohibited from collecting fuel wood from forest or hunting of birds or animals. Coordination with CFUGs and DFO to control the activities like illegal hunting and poaching by enforcing acts and regulations strictly.
Socio-economic Aspects Loss or degradation of farm land and productivity 117. In total 1.06 ha of agricultural land will be acquired for the sub-project. Moreover, spoil on farm land will also affect the production of agricultural crops. It is clear that the loss of crops from the land acquired by the project will have adverse impact on the financial stability of the affected households who are dependent on the agricultural productivity of their land. The impact is expected to be direct, high in magnitude, local in extent and of long term in duration.
118. Mitigation measures will be as follows: Compensation for loss of property, Compensation for loss of standing crops and temporary use in agriculture land; Plantatation of trees along the both sides of road to act as dust and noise barrier, Support in agriculture extension to increase productivity.
Impact on community infrastructure 119. Two tap stands at Ch 1+050 and Ch 2+100, intake and storage tank tap stand at Ch 9+215, Shiddha water pond and kuwa (well) construction at Ch 1+580, Patle water scheme at Ch 5+920 and intake and storage tank at Ch 6+800 will be affected as given in Appendix XV. The impact will be direct, medium, site specific and short term in nature.
120. For this, following mitigation measures will be adopted as appropriate: Disturbed infrastructures will be restored to the condition it was in before disturbance or improve where appropriate in coordination with local water user's committee Avoid contamination of water resource systems during construction.
Impact on Private Properties 121. There are altogether four cattle sheds at Ch 1+080, Ch 1+870, Ch 5+755, Ch 7+345, and one pig shed at Ch 6+270, two mills at Ch 3+660, Ch 6+290, one hut at Ch 11+670, and one house at Ch 11+670 which will be affected as given in Appendix XV. The impact will be direct, high, site specific and long term in nature.
122. Compensation will be provided as per the resettlement plan to the affected person for the displacement of houses and other structures. Occupational Health, Safety and Sanitation
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123. During construction the labor are exposed to different level of risks. The potential impacts to health are respiratory and eye diseases due to the exposure on dust, risk of accident during works. The impacts are low, short term and local.
124. The following mitigation measures will be adopted: The workers will be provided with helmets, masks, muffles and boots depending on the nature of the construction work. Drinking water facility and temporary pit latrine will be established to control open defecation and pollution of water bodies by the workers First aid box will be kept at work sites. Group accidental insurance will be done for the workers. First aid training will be provided to field staff and BG. Labor camp will have room with proper ventilation and natural light, safe drinkable water, mosquito net, sanitary facility, and solid waste management.
5.3.2 Operation Phase Physical Aspects Road slope stability and management 125. There’s also possibility of slope destabilization of road alignment due to opening of branch roads that will connect the road with other village settlements. Most of these roads will be opened by local efforts of VDC's local people. This may cause damage to road section, disruption to transportation and other social impacts in the nearby areas. The inadequate maintenance of the road, blockage of drains and human activities such as quarrying, animal grazing, and irrigation water may cause slides and slope failure. The impact will be direct, moderate, local and long term in nature.
126. The following mitigation measures will be adopted: Rill and gully formations will be regularly monitored and immediately fixed at critical areas. Repair and maintenance of the slope protection measures and drainage works. Minor landslide and mass wasting will be immediately cleared and slope restored with appropriate technology (bioengineering).
Impact due to Air, Noise and Water Pollution 127. During operation period, a number of vehicles will ply along the road and will emit gaseous pollutants. This will increase the pollution level of ambient air along the road corridor. Washing of vehicles in natural streams may cause contamination in drinking water sources. As the road is of district road category and the vehicular movement is not expected to be very high, the overall impact of will be direct, low, local and long term. 128. Following mitigation measures will be adopted: Community and road user awareness programmes will be organized Signboards restricting the use of horns will be erected near health posts, schools and settlements. Plantation will be done near the settlement around school and health post to act as dust and noise barrier. Signboards restricting the use of horns will be erected near health posts,schools and settlements Vehicle washing in natural streams will be discouraged.
Biological Aspects
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Depletion of Forest Resource 129. The forest resources depletion may occur due to ineffective drainage works, inappropriate spoil disposal and construction practices. The development of market centers may exert pressure on forest and eventually depleting the forest resources. To meet the increasing needs of the forest products, illegal felling/cutting of poles and trees may occur. Operation of road may increase in timber smuggling due to easy access and easy transportation facilities. The impact will be indirect, moderate, local and long term in nature
130. The pressure on forest resources during road operation is likely to occur. However, provision of forest products distribution in community forest operational plan will minimize the depletion of forest resources.The mitigation measures recommended are awareness raising programmes to educate local people and community forest user groups for the conservation of forests. Disturbance to Wildlife and illegal hunting 131. Although the wildlife population is reported low, they may be disturbed due to the frequent movement of the vehicles. Vehicular flow, horn blowing in the forest area will have impact on the wildlife and bird species. There may occur illegal hunting during operation period by the people from market areas due to easy accessibility. The impact will be indirect, low, local and long term in nature.
132. Following mitigation measures will be adopted to minimize the above-mentioned impacts: Appropriate sign boards will be erected informing drivers about: o Prohibition of blowing horns in the dense forest areas o Potential areas for wildlife crossing Maintenance workers will be briefed regularly about the importance of rules and regulation of DFO in order to make them comply with. Awareness about importance of biodiversity to the local people, students, vehicle operators. Socio-economic Aspects Ribbon Settlement Development 133. Increased opportunities for trade and commerce along the roadside will attract people to build shops, restaurants, stalls and hotels and may encroach RoW. The impact will be direct, moderate, local and medium term in nature.
134. The mitigation measures to be adopted include Awareness raising programs to regulate settlements. Plantations of trees will be done in the RoW so that it is not encroached.
Road Safety Measures 135. Movement of vehicles in the road will invite accidents. Moreover, inadequate provisions of road safety measures like no provisions of signals and lack of enforcement of traffic rules during operation period may invite accidents. The impact will be direct, medium, local and long term in nature.
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136. The mitigation measures adopted will be :
Applying appropriate road safety measures with the help of 3-Es i.e. Engineering, Enforcement and Education. Required safety signs will be used along the road such as schools, wildlife crossing area.
5.4 Climate Change Impacts
137. Climate change is an inevitable fact which needs to be considered for future planning, construction and maintenance of roads located in hilly and mountainous areas. These are more vulnerable to environmental and climate change attributes, such as change in precipitation, higher rainfall intensity causing flood accelerated soil erosion and landslides.
138. Impacts of climate change on road infrastructure will be as follows: Slope stability on roadsides could be a major maintenance issue. Road drainage could be of inadequate size and very frequently blocked causing damage of road Climate change could cause an increase in hydro-meteorological extreme events such as storms, landslides, debris flows, that could greatly affect roads in mountain region; Maintenance costs could be considerably higher for the earthen roads. 139. Following climate change adaptation measures will be considered during the construction and operation of the road: Likely local effects of climate change will be assessed through observation and regular monitoring of drainage system, erosion etc. Adequate and timely maintenance and early warning system will be done. Awareness raising activities will be conducted about climate change issues and adaptation and mitigation measures. No tree or vegetation will be removed unless absolutely necessary to reduce deforestation and compensatory plantation will be done to cut carbon per capita emissions.
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6 Analysis of Alternatives
140. Alternative analysis has been considered as an integral part of IEE study, which involves an examination of alternative ways of achieving objectives of the proposed sub- project. The aim of alternative analysis is to reach at a development option, which maximizes the benefits while minimizing the adverse impacts. The various alternatives to achieve the sub-project objectives with minimum environmental degradation are discussed in following sub-sections:
6.1 No Action Alternative 141. This alternative does not allow for the implementation of the Proposal. This alternative has both beneficial and adverse impacts on the environment. If the proposal is not implemented, the transportation time and cost for the local people to the district headquarter and markets and vice versa will continue to remain at present rate and hardship of people will continue. The no action option will conserve some of the environmental adverse impacts at the cost of poverty and in accessibility of the people.
6.2 Proposal Alternatives 142. There is an airport in Ramechhap district with flight operation once in a week. However, this is not convenient for day to day transportation as well as it is quiet expensive and not feasible for bulk transportation. Considering other proposal alternatives, the proposed road can be the best option to serve the home to home services. Construction of Pakarbas-Galba road subproject will help to link northwestern part of district which connects the BP highway, Araniko highway and Galba-Sitkaghat road. The proposed sub project is the best alternative for cheap and efficient transportation for the people of Ramechhap district.
6.3 Alternative Alignment 143. This subproject is passed through the existing alignment and vehicles are pliable along the alignment. Therfore, the present alignment has the minimum loss of vegetation than any other possible alternatives.
6.4 Alternative Design and Construction Approach 144. There are two types of road design approach-conventional and green road approach. In conventional method, heavy machineries and equipment, explosives, heavy concrete structures with the application of bituminous surfacing, side drains, bridges and culverts etc. are extensively involved. On the other hand, labour based and equipment supported (LBES) approach or the green road approach focuses to conserve the delicate mountain ecology through the protection of vegetation cover as means of soil conservation. Construction work is done manually using local labour and without using heavy machinery and explosives, spoil disposal is balanced with cutting and filling as far as possible. Simple dry stone walls and stone causeways are used to the maximum extent possible. The proposed road has been designed considering the LBES approach and construction will be done accordingly.
6.5 Alternative Schedule and Process 145. During the rainy season, construction work is stopped to allow the natural compaction of the road. The road construction work will be carried out during the remaining months. Construction is more appropriate from October to June as the local people are more or less free from farming activities.
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6.6 Alternative Resources
146. The physical resources consumed during construction of the proposed road will mainly include boulders for gabions and stone for dry stone masonry walls. The proposed construction will optimally use the local people as building groups and local materials.
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7 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 7.1 Public Consultation
147. In order to ensure public involvement, the following procedures were followed during IEE report preparation:
Publication of notice- a 15 days public notice was published on 2068-10-13 BS in (27 January 2012 AD) in Rajdhani, a national daily newspaper (see Appendix V) seeking written opinion from concerned VDCs, DDC, schools, health posts and related local organisations. A copy of the public notice was also affixed in the above mentioned organisations and a deed of inquiry (muchulka) was collected (see Appendix VI for deed of inquiry).
The IEE team carried out interactions with local communities and related stakeholders during the field survey to collect public concerns and suggestions. Moreover, focus group discussions were conducted to collect and solicit information regarding the bio-physical, socio-economic and cultural aspects of Pakarbas-Galba Road. A summary of meeting minutes with local people is given in Table - 8 and the meeting minutes are in Appendix VII. Recommendation letters were also obtained from the above mentioned VDCs as given in Appendix VIII. Table 8: Summary of Meeting Minutes
Place for No. of Date public Participants Issues and decisions of the meeting meeting Male Female 2069/1/15 BS Makadum 16 - Rehabilitation of road may affect temples, (27/04/2012) VDC taps, water supply and sanitation. So rehabilitation of these structures should be done by consulting responsible agencies. 2069/1/15 BS Majhuwa 8 - Rehabilitation of Pakarbas-Galba road (27/04/2012) VDC subproject does not have any negative effect. However, sanitation system and temples along the alignment should be rehabilitated properly. 2069/1/3 BS Khadadevi 13 2 Rehabilitation of Pakarbas-Galba road (15/04/2012) VDC subproject does not have any negative effect. However, drinking water supply system and sanitation system along the alignment should be rehabilitated. 2069/1/2 BS Khadadevi 22 10 Rehabilitation of Pakarbas-Galba road (14/04/2012) VDC-8 subproject does not have any negative effect. However drinking water supply system and water resources, temples, monastry along the alignment should be rehabilitated. 2069/1/2 BS Khadadevi 7 3 Rehabilitation of Pakarbas-Galba road (14/04/2012) VDC-1,2 subproject does not have any negative effect. However drinking water supply system should be rehabilitated and natural resources and wildlives along the alignment should be protected.
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Place for No. of Date public Participants Issues and decisions of the meeting meeting Male Female 2069/1/3 Khadadevi 8 4 Rehabilitation of Pakarbas-Galba road (15/04/2012) -5,2,1 subproject does not have any negative effect. 2069/1/22 Dimipokha 6 11 Rehabilitation of Pakarbas-Galba road (4/05/2012) ri-5 subproject does not have any negative effect. However drainage system falling along the road corridor should be rehabilitated. Source: Field survey, 2012
7.2 Information Disclosure
148. A draft IEE report along with the executive summary of the IEE studies, the identified project impacts, recommended mitigation measures and the EMP in Nepali language has been prepared and distributed to the stakeholders and the concerned VDCs such as Makadum, Majhuwa and Khandadevi VDCs for public disclosure. The draft IEE report will also be kept in information centre of DDC Ramechhap for public disclosure. Information was also disseminated through person to person contacts, interviews and group discussions. The approved IEE report will be accessible to interested parties and the general public through the information centre of Ramechhap DDC and websites of ADB, DoLIDAR and DRILP-AF. The following offices will get the approved IEE report: 1. District Development Committee, Ramechhap 2. District Technical Office, Ramechhap 3. District Project Office, Ramechhap 4. District Implementation Support Consultants, Ramechhap 5. Makadum, Majhuwa and Khadadevi VDCs 6. Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development 7. Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads 8. Project Coordination Unit, DRILP-AF 9. Asian Development Bank, Nepal Resident Mission
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8 Grievance Redress Mechanism
149. A Grievances Redress Committee (GRC) has already been set-up for resettlement purpose (Please see Appendix XVIa). The same GRC has been reformed in order to address all environmental related grievances of the local communities and affected people. The chief of the Environmental and Social Unit of District Development Committee (DDC) represents the implementing agency in the GRC. The environmental concerns will be addressed to the GRC at the subproject level. The GRC will keep records of all grievances in a register book including: i) date of grievance registered ii) name/address of grievance lodger iii) nature of grievance being lodged and iv) location/site of works requiring corrections according to the grievance. All complaints should be signed with complete information of name, contact address, phone number if any so that person can be reached when required (as given in Appendix XVIb). All complaints received will be categoried and analyzed and assessed with affected parties, The person will be informed if the grievance is found ineligible or forwarded to the concerned authorities if found eligible to formulate remedial measures according to Rule 45 of the EPR 1997.
8.1 Procedure for Grievances Handling
150. Rule 45 of the EPR 1997 has given authority to the Chief District Officer (CDO) for grievance handling and redress. The Affected Party (APs) has to mention the type of loss suffered as a result subproject activities and the amount of compensation sought. The CDO will conduct an investigation into it as well as into the actual situation prevailing at the concerned place, as required, and also seek the opinion and suggestion from the concerned officer who would investigate the loss and send the report to CDO within 30 days from the date of receipt of the application. The CDO will take a decision in respect to payment of compensation within 15 days from the date of receipt of suggestion from the concerned officer. The amount of the compensation determined by the CDO under this rule should be appropriate and reasonable. Rule 46 of EPR states that the proponent shall pay the compensation amount to the concerned individual or institution within 30 days from the date of determination of the amount of compensation. The CDO may extend the time limit not exceeding 30 days for one time as given in Figure 8.
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Receiving Environmental Complaints/grievances by
Affected Party/Group (AP/AG)
Screening and Initial Assessment of
complaints by GRC
Discussion with AP/AG on complaints/grievances
Investigation by Chief Ineligible
District Officer (CDO) Inform AP/AG
within 30 days with the about Ineligibility help of concerned officer
Eligible
Appeal to concerned court by AP/AG (if they wish)
Decision taken by CDO on addressing grievances and paying for compensation within 15 days
Communicate decison
Payment of compensation within Appeal to concerned 30 days of decision (can be court by AP/AG if they are extended for one more month) not satisfied
Figure 9: Flow Diagram for Grievance Redress Mechanism
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9 Environmental Management Plan
151. The environmental management plan (EMP) is prepared to guide the implementation of mitigation measures and monitoring requirements. It includes institutions and their roles, environmental management activities, environmental management organisational structure and budget for mitigation measures.
9.1 Institutions and Their Roles 152. Different institutions involved in the IEEs and EMP implementation and roles of these institutions are given in Table - 9. The environmental management organizational structure is given in Figure – 9. Table 9: Institutions and their Roles
Institution Role Responsibility in the Project Ministry of Mandated to formulate and • Representation in IEE review Science, implement environmental team constituted by the Technology and policies, plans and programs Environmental Management Environment at national level Section of MoFALD. Ministry of Executive agency and • To review and approve ToR for Federal Affairs & concerned IEE approval IEE and IEE Report Local authority as per EPA/EPR. • Conduct environmental Development monitoring from central level. Department of Responsible to execute • DRILP is being executed under Local infrastructure projects under overall coordination and Infrastructure MoFALD. Provides back-up supervision of the DoLIDAR for Development and support to DDCs in technical the Ministry Agricultural matters through DPO. • It also supports DDCs through Roads DPOs to implement the project (DoLIDAR) activities. DRILPAF-PCU Project Co-ordination Unit • Technical Unit to support and coordinate all activities for implementation of DRILPAF • Review,comment and forward ToR for IEE and IEE report to ADB for concurrence and to MOFALD for approval CISC Supporting consultants at • Technical and management central level support to PCU and districts. District Technical Project implementation office • Responsible for overall activities Office working directly under DDC related to implementation of the works at field level. District DDC/DPO is Project • Prepare ToR for IEE and submit Development Implementing Agency in for approval to MoFALD through Committee/ district and DDC in general PCU. District Project and DPO in particular • Conduct IEE study, public Office responsible for proramme consultation and prepare IEE activities in the district. report and submit for approval to MoFALD through PCU. • Implement IEE and EMP of sub- projects and conduct
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Institution Role Responsibility in the Project environmental monitoring and reporting. District Supporting consultants at • Technical and management Implementation district level support to DTO/DDC for the Support implementation of project Consultant activities in the districts. Responsible for supervision and monitoring at field level. Safeguard Unit Supporting unit for • Responsible for supervising, safeguards at district level. coordinating, networking, monitoring and reporting environmental safeguard compliance District Road District level coordination • Sub-committee of the DDC to Coordination committee assist in planning, construction Committee and maintenance of district level road network. Village Works Village level Coordination Coordinate infrastructure and Road committee • issues among beneficiaries and Construction institutions at VDC level. Committee Building Groups Working groups for rural road • Implementation of road construction works construction and rehabilitation works in field.
153. To support for smooth implementation of the project, there are various district level committees and groups including DRCC, VWRCC and BGs are formed under participation of local people within ZoI. Only the works that can not be implemented by BGs will be contracted to eligible contratctors.
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Government of Nepal ADB and SDC Ministry of Federal Affairs & Local Development other donors (MoFALD)
Environment Management Section
DoLIDAR PCU CISC Environment Assesmment Team
DDC DTO
DRCC VWRCC DPO DISC
CFUG Safeguard Desk Environment + Resettlement+ Social
Building Groups\ Contractors
Figure 10: Environmental Management Organisation Structure
9.2 Reporting and Documentation
154. As part of the EMP reports should be produced at regular time intervals by the safeguard desk. Quarterly reports will be prepared and submitted to the DDC, who will send them to the PCU and DoLIDAR.
155. The Contract will need to state that the DDC must approve the building groups/contractor's arrangements for environmental protection, health and safety, waste management and other environmentally related actions identified during the detailed design phase and these must be written into the Contract Document.
156. The environmental consultant will inform the DDC/DTO in case of non-compliance and of any other environmental issues that require immediate attention. The consultant will detail the remedies for non-compliance by the BG/Contractor.
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157. The monthly reports will be based on recurrent site inspections and will report on the effectiveness of the mitigation measures; The Contractor's compliance with the environmental specifications; Measures recommended in the events of non-compliance and Recommendations for any other remedial actions, etc.
9.3 Implementation of Benefit Augmentation and Mitigation Measures
158. The DDC/DPO will be responsible for the implementation of benefit augmentation and mitigation measures proposed in Chapter 5. Various agencies including DISC, local bodies and concerned governmental line agencies will support DDC/DPO for the implementation of mitigation measures. The detail action plan for activities to be carried out to augment beneficial impacts and reduce/mitigate adverse impact produced from the implementation of the proposal, and the responsible implementing and supporting agencies provided in environmental management plan is presented in Table 10 and 11.
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Table 10: Likely Beneficial Impacts and Proposed Enhancement Measures
Type of Impact Responsible Agencies Related Beneficial Activity Effect Benefit Augmentation Measures Executing Supporting Impacts Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency Construction and operation stage Construction Employment Increase in income D H LC ST Members from target minorities DPO DISC/DRCC/ of road (Earth Generation (14,417 level and the disadvantaged groups will VWRCC/ excavation, skilled and 148,801 have proportional representation CISC spoil disposal, unskilled person days) in BGs. site clearance) and increase in income Life skill training for income level generation activities to improve their livelihood. Construction Skill Enhancement Increase in income IN M LC LT Training in road construction, soft DPO DISC/CISC of road (Bio- generating engineering structures and engineering activities, bioengineering works for work, employment members of BGs. quarrying) opportunities Construction Enterprise Enhancement in D L LC ST Awareness raising programme for BGs/Contra CISC/ work & on the Development and local economy the promotion of cooperatives and ctor DISC job trainings Business Promotion linkage with financial institutions. Construction Community Increase in income IN L LC LT Provide skill trainings and DPO\DISC DDC/VDC work & on the Empowerment and and ownership. awareness raising training to BGs job trainings Ownership Facilitating beneficiary participation through public hearings and social audits Construction Women and Empower the IN H LC LT Assist to organize women groups, VDC\DDC\ Women work & on the Indigenous People women and provide training in social NGO Development job trainings Empowerment indigenous people mobilization. Office\MoFALD Operation of Improvement in Saving in travel D H R LT Proper maintenance (regular, DTO DDC\ Road Accessibility and time and travel cost emergency), continuation of DoLIDAR Saving of Time and bioengineering activities
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Type of Impact Responsible Agencies Related Beneficial Activity Effect Benefit Augmentation Measures Executing Supporting Impacts Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency Transportation Cost Operation of Access to Inputs and Improvement in D H R LT Agricultural support services will Local DADO Road Services local condition be improved for the increased farmers\ income from the farm products NGO\CBO Operation of Increase in Trade, Shifts towards IN L LC LT Manage planned growth with DDC/DTO DoLIDAR Road Commerce and improved required infrastructure facilities for Development of Market commercial healthy and hygienic environment centers agriculture and in the market areas providing increase in non- drainage and sewerage systems. agricultural occupation Operation of Appreciation of Land Improvement in IN H LC LT Land development & VDC\ DTO\CDO\ Road Value local economic management, observe that RoW CBOs DDC condition is not encroached. Locals will be made aware on this fact so that they can rip its benefit. Operation of Increased Crop Enhancement in IN H LC LT Promotion of market linkages and DDC\DTO DoLIDAR Road Productivity and Sale local economy networking for better market price. of Farm Products Operation of Enhancement of Socioeconomic IN H LC LT Encourage local people in local NGO\DDC\ MoFALD Road Community development and decision making regarding VDC Development Services raise in quality development and social services service facility
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Table 11: Likely Adverse Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures
Responsibility for Type of Impact Potential Negative Related Adverse Mitigation Measure Activity Mitigation Measures Effects Impacts Executing Supporting Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency Construction stage Physical environment Improving agricultural extension services, applying additional Change in land use Loss of agricultural protective measures that the Earth PCU\DDC cultivated land (0.86 land, production, D H LC LT remaining land will not be lost due DPO\DISC Excavation \CISC ha) loss of property to erosion The sites will be stabilized with bio-engineering technologies Spoil Spoil disposal and Gully erosion, Proper management of spoils and Disposal imposed weight of landslide, disruption waste, provision of proper spoil on fragile slopes of road, damage to drainages, toe walls. Proposed farmland, water spoil disposal sites as given in Ch pollution etc. 0+000 to Ch 0+700, Ch 3+900 to DISC\ D M SS LT Ch 4+000, Ch 4+100 to Ch DDC/DPO VWRCC\ 4+110, Ch 7+900 to Ch 8+000 VDC and Ch 10+500 to Ch 10+800. There is a provision of toe walls for spoil management as given in Appendix XII. Site Slope Instability: Erosion, landslide, Bio-engineering application will be clearance, Instable area where loss of property used to stabilize the slopes. earth toppling failure may Necessary slope stabilization excavation occur at Ch 3+590 to IN M SS LT structures will be constructed DDC/DPO DISC 3+720, Ch 7+925 to Ch 7+940 and Ch 8+890 to Ch 8+940
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Responsibility for Type of Impact Potential Negative Related Adverse Mitigation Measure Activity Mitigation Measures Effects Impacts Executing Supporting Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency Construction Water management, Erosion, landslide, Proper drainage structures will be of Road generation of large damage to farmland constructed as given in Appendix volume of surface XIII. No blockage or diversion of DDC/DPO runoff IN M SS MT natural channels due to DISC construction of road and spoil disposal. Construction Air pollution due to Affect on local Use of face mask while working works, spoil dust from exposed people and workers on dust prone areas, covering of DDC/DPO/ DISC\VWRC and waste surface, from health and affect on D L LC ST dust sources. BGs C disposal construction agriculture equipments Noise pollution Disturbance and Restrict horn near school, health annoyance around posts etc. DDC/DPO/ DISC/VWRC D L LC ST school, health Contractor C posts, forest areas. Water pollution due to Risk of water borne Proper spoil management and DDC/DPO/ sediment level diseases restriction in urination and DISC/VWRC D L LC ST BGs defecation in open areas and C Contractor water bodies Water pollution, Proper selection and damage to management of quarry sites, farmland, rehabilitation of quarry sites after Quarry operation and DDC/DPO/ disturbance in completion of work. Identified DISC/ Quarrying its potential effect on D L LC ST Contractor/ natural drainage quarry sites are at the Ch 0+000 VWRCC instability, landslide BGs to 1+100 of Goganpani, 10 +100 of Khandadevi, 10+850 of Andheri Khola and Ch 11+600 of Galba. Establish Pollution and impact Encroachment of Camp site will be located away DISC/Contrac D M SS ST DDC/DPO labor camp due to location of forest, agriculture from productive land and forest tor
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Responsibility for Type of Impact Potential Negative Related Adverse Mitigation Measure Activity Mitigation Measures Effects Impacts Executing Supporting Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency camp sites land, solid waste, area. Potential sites at Ch 5+500 and waste water to 5 +539, Ch 6+940 to 6+982, may cause pollution 7+590 to 7+640 and Ch 10 +400 to 10+500. Local houses will be used as labour camp rent/compensation will be paid to land owner of camp area. Biological environment Loss or Degradation of Loss of Forestry clearance will be Forests and environmental obtained from the DFO and tree Vegetation (0.129 ha, benefits from cutting will be minimized to Clearance of and 2,973 trees from vegetation, formation width. Compensatory vegetation CF (349 trees) and disturbance in plantation of trees will be done as DFO/CFUGs necessary for D L LC LT DDC/DPO from private land ecological function mentioned in Appendix XIV /DISC road (2,624 trees) (dust and noise formation absorbance, aesthetic value etc.) Impact on wildlife Loss of biodiversity Construction including birds due to Work only in day time, do not DFO/CFUGs/ and valuable IN L LC ST DDC/DPO activity Loss of Habitat and disturb wildlife, aware workers. DISC species of wildlife Hunting Minimum site clearance, Impacts on Flora and Construction discouraging workers for DFO/CFUGs/ Fauna add CITES and Loss of biodiversity IN L LC ST DDC/DPO activity collecting fuel wood from forest or DISC IUCN hunting/harassing faunas Socioeconomic environment
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Responsibility for Type of Impact Potential Negative Related Adverse Mitigation Measure Activity Mitigation Measures Effects Impacts Executing Supporting Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency Acquisition of Loss or Degradation of Minimize productive land CDC6 Reduced land for Farm Land and acquisition through alignment production, loss of D H LC LT DDC/DPO maintaining Productivity (1.06 ha) selection, compensation to DISC/VWRC income road width. affected people C Impact on Community Infrastructure: two tap stands at Ch 1+050, 2+100, intek and Demolition of storage tank tap stand structures Loss of services Restoration or relocation of DISC/ at Ch 9+215 , Shiddha D H SS LT DDC/DPO along road provided by them affected infrastructures VWRCC/VDC water pond and Kuwa alignment at Ch 1+580, Patle water scheme at Ch 5+920 and Storage tank Ch 6+800 Impact on private infrastructure: four cattle shed at Ch 1+080, Ch 1+870, Ch Demolition of 5+755, Ch 7+345, and Loss of services structures Compensation for affected DISC/ one pig shed at Ch provided by this D M SS ST DDC/DPO along road infrastructure will be provided VWRCC/VDC 6+270, two mills at Ch structure alignment 3+660, Ch 6+290, one hut at Ch 11+670, and one house at Ch 11+670
6 The Land Acquisition Guidelines, 1991 specify the establishment of an Acquisition and Rehabilitation Committee (also known as Compensation Determination Committee, “CDC”) for fixing the rate of compensation of private properties to be acquired, consisting of the concerned Chief District Officer (Chair), Land Revenue Officer, representative of the DDC and the Project Manager and others as deemed necessary.
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Responsibility for Type of Impact Potential Negative Related Adverse Mitigation Measure Activity Mitigation Measures Effects Impacts Executing Supporting Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency
First aid facility at sites with health Injury, fatal treatment arrangements, proper accidents, outbreak drinking water and toilet facility for DDC/DPO/ Construction Impact on occupational DISC/ of epidemics and D L LC ST construction crew, safety gears Contractor activity health and safety VWRCC diseases, decline in (helmet, face masks, goggles, s capacity to work gloves, boots) and accidental insurance of workers Operation stage Physical environment Slides and slope Regular maintenance of slope failure, Disturbance protection structures and DFO, District Road Slope Stability to traffic flow, bioengineering Operation of DDC/DP Soil and Management pollution of water D M LC LT Restrict quarrying and animal road O/VDC Conservation bodies, impacts on grazing on slopes. Office (DSCO) agriculture land, loss of vegetation. Disturbance to Community awareness, no horn students, patients, signs near schools, health posts Operation of Air, Noise and Water DDC/DP DoLIDAR/Local wildlife, effect to D L LC LT Restriction on washing of vehicles vehicles Pollution O administration nearby agriculture in local streams. land and crops Biological environment Awareness raising programmes Depletion of Forest Loss of timber, for conservation of forest Road DFO/ Resources forest resources IN M LC LT resources, enforcement of law DDC/DPO operation CFUGs and benefits along with community participation Road Disturbance to the Collision of wildlife IN L LC LT Warning traffic signal, awareness DFO/ DDC/DPO
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Responsibility for Type of Impact Potential Negative Related Adverse Mitigation Measure Activity Mitigation Measures Effects Impacts Executing Supporting Nat Mag Ext Dur Agency Agency operation Wildlife and Illegal with vehicles, raising training to drivers to limit CFUGs Hunting disturbance in their speed and horn use normal activities Socioeconomic environment Ribbon Settlement Encroachment of Development RoW, increased Awareness raising programmes, accidents, delay in Road enforcement of law, planning of DDC/DP DoLIDAR/Local traffic movement, D M LC LT operation land development, plantation of O administration depletion of local trees in RoW resources, water pollution Appropriate road safety Operation of Increase in DDC/ Road Safety D M LC LT measures, safety sign boards DoLIDAR Road accidents DPO along the road.
Note: Magnitude H= High M= Moderate L= Low (depending on the scale or severity of change.) Extent R= Regional LC= Local SS= Site specific Duration LT= Long term (more than 20 years) MT= Medium term (3-20 years) ST= Short term (less than 3 years) Nature D= Direct; IN= Indirect
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9.4 Mitigation Cost for Executing the Environmental Management Plan
159. The estimated cost for beneficial augmentation measures like awareness raising program, skill training, promotion of small scale industries, and income generation activities will be covered by the improved community development and rural livelihood restoration component of the Proposal. Costs for income generation and awareness programme activities for Affected Persons (APs) are included in Resettlement Plan. The design and cost estimate for most of the suggested mitigation measures such as slope stabilization, quarry site management, spoil disposal, landslide rehabilitation will be incorporated in the design and cost estimates. However, clear BoQ will be prepared for supply of face masks, helmets, muffles, accidental insurance, bioengineering measures, plantation and environmental protection awareness trainings. Therefore, most of the mitigation measures suggested would be a part of road design and construction without additional cost. All proposed mitigation measures will be integrated in the sub-project design so that these measures may automatically form part of the construction and operational phases of the sub-project.
9.4.1 Environmental Monitoring Activities
160. Monitoring is an integral part of the project proponent so as to know the unlikely impacts and implement corrective measures. The proponent, DDC Ramechhap will develop in-built monitoring mechanism to show its additional commitment for environmental improvement and mitigate undesirable environmental changes, if any during construction and operational stage. DDC will be supported by DIT (DPO and DISC) team in the district and Environmental Assessment Specialist from the CISC for environmental monitoring. There is a need to support these organizations to carry out environmental monitoring effectively. Therefore, environmental monitoring training will be conducted together with technical, social, resettlement and project performance monitoring and evaluation training.
161. According to EPR, 1997, the MoFALD/DoLIDAR is responsible for monitoring the impact of proposal mplementation. The MoFALD/DoLIDAR checks whether the DDC through DPO is carrying out monitoring activities as per the EMP, and if the prescribed mitigation measures are being implemented.
162. DDC with DRILP-AF/PCU support will make arrangements for sub-project level monitoring. It will constitute a monitoring team, which will be independent from the implementation team and will consist of relevant persons in the context of a sub-project being monitored, for example persons from the forest, agriculture, social and NGO sectors. The monitoring team will be constituted separately for each monitoring event. Project's district management team will be responsible for forming the monitoring team, financing the monitoring works, providing logistics and other necessary support. Thus, it is recommended that an external team hired by DDC takes responsibility for periodic monitoring of the environmental performance, in addition to the regular supervision and guidance provided by the DISC at the site. The sub-project specific monitoring plan as given in Table 14 will be followed. At least one monitoring in each construction season is necessary.
163. Each DPO will arrange for regular subproject level environmental monitoring through safeguards desk. The safeguard desk has been established in DDC, Ramechhap comprising environment and social safeguard personnel with a focal person Mr. Dilli B. Adhikari (DDC Engineer) assigned as coordinator of the safeguard desk. The desk will conduct regular monitoring of EMP compliance and record them. The safeguard desk will organize monthly safeguard meeting which shall be participated by all technical, environment and social team
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 51 of the district project office. The meeting shall discuss environmental performance in the subproject works, issues and problems being encountered, agree on their mitigation measures, prepare corrective action plan and ensure their implementation. The desk shall also maintain coordination and networking with environmental and social units of DDC and environment section of MoFALD. The safeguard desk will maintain minutes of meeting of each safeguard meeting and through DPO shall report all the safeguard matters along with copy of the minutes to the DRILPAF-Project Coordination Unit.Total cost of environmental monitoring (field visits, observation, review of reports and report preparation) is estimated NRs. 390,000 as given in Table -12
Table 12: Environmental Monitoring Cost
Manpower requirement Duration (days) Rate (NRs) Amount (NRs) Team Leader/Environmental Specialist 15 4,000 60,000 Engineer 10 3,000 30,000 Forester 10 3,000 30,000 Socio-economist 10 3,000 30,000 Support staff 10 1,500 15,000 Transportation cost LS 25,000 Report preparation & sampling/lab. test LS 50,000 Central level monitoring LS 150,000 Total 390,000
9.4.2 Major Costs for Environmental and Social Safeguard Measures 164. The environmental and social mitigation costs are summarized in Table- 13.
Table 13: Cost Estimate for Environmental Enhancement and Mitigation Measures
SN Activity Estimated cost Remarks (NRs) 1 Environmental awareness raising training 100,000.00 2 Occupational health and safety 1,025,000.90 Included in civil works also 3 Bioengineering 3,769,377.00 Actual cost estimation and included in civil works also 4 Compensatory plantation & protection cost for 702,999.84 CF an private land 5 Road side plantation 50,000.00 6 Toe wall for spoil management 1,213,264.33 Included in civil works also 7 Signboard 50,000.00 8 Environmental monitoring cost 390,000.00 Total 7,300,642.07
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9.5 Matters to be monitored while implementing the Proposal
165. Monitoring of the implementation of environmental protection measures provides a basis for logical comparison for the predicted and actual impacts of a proposal. Environmental monitoring will involve the systematic collection of data to determine the actual environmental impacts of the subproject, compliance of the subproject with regulatory standards, and the degree of implementation and effectiveness of the environmental protection. Monitoring will be an integral part of the implementation of the mitigation measures during project construction, and will generate important information. It will improve the quality of subproject implementation.
166. The National EIA Guidelines (1993) and EPR, 1997 require monitoring plans and indicators, schedules and responsibility be identified in the IEE report. The following sub- sections deal with the various components of the monitoring programme in order to promote the full integration of monitoring activities in Project works and implementation.
9.5.1 Baseline Monitoring 167. Baseline monitoring helps to update the baseline information collected during IEE/EIA study when there is a significant time gap between IEE/EIA approval and proposal implementation. In general, it is carried out if there is a significant time lapse between the preparation of the IEE report and the construction stage or a change in environmental quality is noticeable. This subproject will proceed for construction immediately after the approval of this IEE report and hence, baseline monitoring is not required for this subproject.
9.5.2 Compliance Monitoring 168. Compliance monitoring is essential in order to ensure that environmental protection measures recommended by this study and other requirements set forth during the approval of the subproject are complied with. This monitoring is not concerned with determining the actual effect of the subproject activities on the environment.
169. The proponent will ensure compliance of activities such as; inclusion of mitigation measures in the design and tender documents, budget allocation for mitigation measures and monitoring, compensation arrangements and other compliances spoil disposal, storage sites, arrangement of construction activities etc.
9.5.3 Impact Monitoring 170. Impact monitoring is generally carried out to assess the effectiveness of the environmental mitigation measures and provides actual levels of impacts in the field. Hence an impact monitoring evaluation study is proposed by the end of the subproject construction phase or within two years of subproject implementation. Impact monitoring will focus on each predicted impact and effectiveness of environmental protection measures. This will also focus on the stability of slopes; spoil disposal sites, work camps and labour camps, wastes on the local environment. The utilization of cash compensation to the extent possible, condition of the forest in the vicinity of the subproject area, water management, damage to human facilities, incremental change in production of high value commodities, increase in other sources of income, employment generation, road side plantation, social status, impediment to wildlife movement, etc.
9.6 Monitoring Parameters 171. These would be based on the level of site-specific information or existing data series and impacts prediction. Efforts will be made to make the indicators measurable and diagnostic with low natural variability and broad applicability. In this context, the following
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 53 physical, biological and social indicators will be monitored during the construction and operational stages of the subproject.
9.6.1 Pre-Construction Phase 172. During this phase the Consultant (DISC) bear the main responsibility in ensuring that the environmental and social safeguard considerations are adequately incorporated in the Project design and that the respective clauses to address the identified impacts are sufficiently included in the specifications and work contracts.
9.6.2 Construction Phase 173. In this phase the monitoring focuses on impacts on the environmental and social setting caused by the ongoing subproject. This monitoring checks compliance with the practices, norms, standards and technical solutions prescribed in the design and in the EMP. The specific monitoring tasks will include Verify and quantify the ongoing slope protection measures, and propose rectifying measures as needed; Verify and quantify the ongoing activities in quarry operations, and propose rectifying measures as needed; Verify and quantify the ongoing/completed tree felling actions; Verify and quantify the course of any environmental degradation caused, their likely consequences, and propose corrective measures, including the identification of responsibilities and costs; Verify and quantify the effects of disposal of spoil and construction wastes and their consequences; Verify and quantify the effects of disruption of natural water courses, drainage work, and their consequences; Monitor by utilizing structured checklists and questionnaires, the contractor’s full compliance with the occupational health and safety regulations for the work staff; Verify and make scheduled proposals for improving the contractor’s and VWRCC efforts in awareness training both for the work forces and the public general in the affected communities; Verify and quantify the effects of losses in wildlife, degradation of forests, illegal extraction of forest products, hunting, wildlife trade and disturbance to wildlife; Identify and assess the environmental implications on the people’s status of knowledge and awareness in relation to ongoing education campaigns; Verify and quantify losses/damage to private property and community facilities; Verify and quantify losses/damage to cultural properties; Explore mechanisms to stipulate strict application of the EMP and identify consequences to be born by the contractors in case of non-compliance.
9.6.3 Operation Phase 174. The specific monitoring tasks in this phase will include: Assess changes in land-use patterns, development of cottage industries, services and demographic composition that may be caused by the road development; Verify and quantify the occurrence of ribbon development, resulting in encroachment and hindrance of traffic on the road; Verify all activities for decommissioning work sites and rehabilitation to their former functional stage, as applicable. This refers also to quarry sites and propose rectifying measures as needed. Verify and quantify the adequacy of the executed bio-engineering works for slope protection and erosion control;
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Verify and quantify the adequacy of the drainage structures, functionality of these structures, shortcomings in maintenance, and possible effects on private and communal lands, as well as on aquatic resources; Verify and quantify the course of any environmental degradation caused by Project activities, their likely consequences, and propose corrective measures, including the identification of responsibilities and costs; Verify and quantify the effects of disruption of natural water courses, drainage work, and their consequences; Verify the success/failure of skill development and job opportunities’ training carried out ; Verify and quantify the effects of losses in wildlife, degradation of forests, illegal extraction of forest products, hunting, wildlife trade and disturbance to wildlife.
9.7 Monitoring Indicators 175. The monitoring will include specific cause-effect analyses for the impacts observed. Following Table -14 specifies the set of verifiable indicators that will be used for monitoring. Table 14: Monitoring Indicators Selected for this IEE
Monitored Sector Parameters Selected for Monitoring Soils, Landslides, Erosion, Number, location and extent of slope failures Waste management Sites Cause analysis for slope failure natural/man-made Area (ha.) of land, forest and properties affected Number and extent of gully erosions and pavement failures Suitability of corrective/bio-engineering measures Sites and suitability for safe disposal of wastes and garbage Bio-engineering Number and plant species selected for bio- engineering, disaggregated by protective function Water Pollution, Water Blockage of waterways - extent and secondary Resources and their uses impacts Surface/ground water, Irrigation Water pollution incidents due to unsafe disposal of water, Drinking water waste and spoil Damage to farm lands Use of field kit for drinking water quality, determining pH particulates, turbidity etc. Air and Noise Level Assessment of noise level in site by direct observation in relation to traffic volume and interview with stakeholders Visual assessment of dust development at selected sites/sensitive spots and interview with local stakeholders Traffic volume measurements Road Safety Number and type of road accidents recorded in the Traffic Police and in local health service centres Suitability of local road signs Wildlife/ Habitat Disturbance Nos and extent of road accidents inflicting wildlife Impacts on Forest Resources DFO records of illegal timber extraction and wildlife trade Observations and handling of invasive species.
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Monitored Sector Parameters Selected for Monitoring Socio-economic Development Number and extent of new settlements /types and near Road alignment ethnic groups Number and extent of new businesses Number and extent of new services and utilities Resettled Households and Number of HHs resettled livelihood restoration Income situation and opportunities for the resettlers Verification of compensation and assistance to resettlers Community awareness Number /schedule of campaigns and number of programmes relating to beneficiaries environment protection and Revision of training agenda & information material avoidance of social conflicts Number of beneficiaries having received awareness training
176. The following Table-15 identifies the specific compliance monitoring activities. Phase-wise/chronological details are provided for the methods, schedules, responsible implementing agency and the responsible monitoring agency. The compliance monitoring refers primarily to the pre-construction and construction stage of the project.
177. Table-16 details the impact and effect monitoring activities envisaged for this subproject.
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Table 15: Compliance Monitoring for Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject
Responsible Implementing Verifiable Verification Responsible Parameters/Indicator Agency Indicators Methods Schedule Monitoring Agency Final alignment selection DISC/DPO Incorporation of Walkthrough Initial stage of DDC/DTO, DoLIDAR walkover along final road preconstruction recommendations alignment, phase into alignment verifying selection process sensitive areas and design document Land and property DPO and CDC with assistance Cadastral records, Public Initial stage of DDC/DoLIDAR/CDO acquisition and of DISC land and properties consultation, pre-construction compensation acquisition photos; geo- phase procedures; referencing verification report Site selection and DPO/ DISC Project’s Site Beginning of DTO/DDC preparation of construction arrangement for observation, construction logistics materials storage, geo-referencing period and construction and activities photographic documentation Use of local labour, DRCC/VWRCC/ DISC Local labour, Site During the DDC/DTO particularly vulnerable specially vulnerable observation, entire period groups and women groups and women, interviews where labour use of child labour work is contracted Awareness and orientation DISC/VWRCC Training programmes Specifications; Beginning of DDC/DTO training on road for skill development, training records, construction and construction to technicians occupational safety check training during and locally employed and environmental programme construction labours protection associated reports, assess
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Responsible Implementing Verifiable Verification Responsible Parameters/Indicator Agency Indicators Methods Schedule Monitoring Agency with road feedback from construction works participants Compliance to DISC/Contractor (if involved) Health and safety Spot checks at Throughout DDC/DTO Occupational health and regulations, first aid work sites, construction safety matters and medical photos, accident activities arrangements, records, contingency plan, interviews number and type of safety equipments such as mask, helmet, glove, safety belt, accidental insurance Grievance Redress GRC/Contractor/BG/DISC/DPO Project arrangement Number of During DDC/DTO Mechanism for the affected complaints and construction people's concerns grievances and grievances record about the environmental and social performance Vegetation clearance Contractor / BG / DISC/DPO Actual number of Record, After detail CFUGs/DTO/DDC/DFO trees felled during inspection and design and construction works interview with before local people and construction CFUGs work Measures to avoid Contractor /BG/DISC/DPO Use of firewood or Inspection, Once a month CFUGs/DTO/DDC/DFO pressure on forest and fossil fuel by interview with during wildlife construction crew, local people and construction events of hunting CFUGs and poaching of wildlife Measures to protect Contractor / BG/DISC/DPO Dust level and noise Visual Once in a month DDC/DTO
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Responsible Implementing Verifiable Verification Responsible Parameters/Indicator Agency Indicators Methods Schedule Monitoring Agency environment from air & level at work sites, observation and during noise pollution major settlements discussion with construction and sensitive spots residents and like health centres workers and schools Measures to protect water Contractor / BG/DISC/DPO Visual observation, Site inspection, Once in a month DDC/DTO bodies from pollution observation of open test of site- during defecation and waste selected construction; disposal around samples of local upon demand water sources near streams water for testing with construction sites using standard field kit field kit, interview Restoration, rehabilitation, Contractor/BG/DISC/DPO Continued services Site Once in 15 days DDC/DTO reconstruction of all by the facilities and observation; during infrastructure services functional public life VDC/DDC construction damaged by the proposal records; public activities consultation meetings; photos Adequate technical and DISC/DPO Adequate number of Check number Twice a month DDC/DTO environmental supervision technicians regularly and type of during at site with ability to technicians construction implement labour available at site, based road skill of work construction concept carried out, discussion Clean up and Contractor/BG /DISC/DPO Decommissioned Site At the end of DDC/DTO reinstatement of the sites indicate no observation; construction construction sites (camps, adverse/residual comparing period quarries) environmental photos; impacts, and are consultation
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 59
Responsible Implementing Verifiable Verification Responsible Parameters/Indicator Agency Indicators Methods Schedule Monitoring Agency rehabilitated to the with land satisfaction of the owners and supervisor and land community owners based organizations
Table 16: Impact/Effect Monitoring of Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject
Parameters Verifiable Indicators Verification Location Schedule Responsible /Indicator Methods Implementation and Monitoring Agency Slope stability Inclination, slope failures, causes; drainage Site observation, photos Near steep slopes Continuously during DISC during and facilities such as catch drain, side drains and discussion with people and and at landslide areas construction and construction; erosion functionality of cross drainage structures; technicians and sites operation DDC/DPO/Soil fresh gullies and erosion; success/failure of Conservation Office bio-engineering solutions during operation Bio-engineering Re-vegetation through bio-engineering Site observation; Cut slope area, where During and at the DISC/DDC/DTO/DPO of disturbed application on disturbed slope; establishment inspection of nursery and vegetation is cleared; end of subproject slopes of nursery its production rate, nursery sites construction photos, measurements Disposal of Affected aesthetic value, affected forest and Site observation and At specific locations During construction DISC/DDC/DTO/DPO spoils and agriculture, initiated land erosion by local interviews, photos, geo- where such sites construction blocked drainage, hazard to downhill slope referencing sites occur wastes residents and agricultural lands Quarrying of Initiated erosion, changes in river regime, Site observation, photos, Quarry site areas During construction DISC/DDC/DTO/DPO construction erosion by river systems, landslide due to records from local health materials quarrying, degradation of vegetation, water centres logging, waterborne diseases Disruption of Status of rehabilitation, service status of Observation and Affected irrigation During construction DISC/DDC/DTO/DPO drainage irrigation and water supply system; interviews, photos, records schemes and water system supply system
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 60
Parameters Verifiable Indicators Verification Location Schedule Responsible /Indicator Methods Implementation and Monitoring Agency Loss or Status of road side land; production/yield; Observation, data Road side land and During construction DDC/DPO/DTO/DISC degradation of status of road side houses; status of collection and analysis and houses /VWRCC farmland, standing crop along alignment interview with stakeholders houses and properties Water quality Observation of open defecation and waste Visual observation, Local streams During construction; DDC/DTO/DPO/DISC disposal around water sources near measurement of water upon demand for / VWRCC construction sites sample using field kit testing with field kit Air quality Dust level in ambient air Visual inspection At construction sites During construction DISC/DDC/DTO/DPO and at sensitive spots Forest and Numbers of trees, presence of ground Observations, DFO In and around the During construction DISC/CFUGs/DFO vegetation vegetation, signs of illicit logging and records, photos; interview construction sites, and during construction; extraction of NTFPs with CFUGs members markets Operation CFUGs/DFO/DDC during operation Wildlife Wildlife hunting and poaching by work force, Interview with local people/ Forest areas at Twice a year during DISC/DFO/CFUG trade of wildlife, road accidents inflicting DFO/CFUGs members, roadside construction and during construction; wildlife observations routine during CFUGs/DFO/DDC operation during operation Change in Numbers of people employed by the project Records kept by project Subproject area Trimester during DISC/DDC/DTO/DPO economy during construction, numbers of women in management, discussion construction phase work forces with stakeholders Trade and Numbers of shops increased or decreased, Records, interviews, Throughout Once in a year DDC/DPO/DTO/DISC commerce rental of houses and land spaces observations, photos subproject area /VDC Occupational Type and number of accident occurred during Observations, photos, spot Throughout During construction DISC/DDC/DPO/DTO safety and construction; adequacy of occupational checks, contractors’ and subproject area VWRCC hazard safety measured provided; health centre records, compensation provided in case of fatal interview with workers accidents Change in Number and extent of new settlements/types Observations, interview Throughout sub During operation DDC/DPO/DTO/VDC socio-economic , ethnic groups; nos. and extent of new with local people, DDC, project area structure businesses; nos and extent of new services Police and VDC records
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 61
Parameters Verifiable Indicators Verification Location Schedule Responsible /Indicator Methods Implementation and Monitoring Agency and utilities, social conflicts Ribbon Congestions to road users Records, observations Throughout sub During operation DDC/DPO/DTO/Local settlement nos. of accidents, RoW encroachment project area administration
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 62
10 Conclusions and Recommendations
178. The IEE study of the proposed Pakarbas-Galba road sub-project does not pass through any environmentally sensitive areas and has minimal adverse impacts. Most of the adverse impacts predicted are of low significance and short term, as well as of reversible nature. The beneficial impacts that come with the facility of access to market centres and the location of social services will enhance the productivity of the area and improve the quality of life of the people. In addition, local people will get direct employment as workers, which will contribute significantly to improving their livelihood. These benefits from the implementation of the proposed road sub-project are more significant and long term in nature compared to the adverse impacts, most of which can be mitigated or avoided. Relevant issues raised during public consultation have also been addressed in the mitigation measures
179. The IEE has shown that none of the anticipated environmental impacts of constructing the proposed road are significant enough to need a detailed follow-up EIA. Therefore, this IEE is sufficient for approval of the sub-project.
180. The proposed road sub-project is recommended for implementation with incorporation of mitigation measures and the environmental management plan.
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 63
References ADB 2009: Safegaurd Policy Statement, June 2009. Asian Development Bank, Manila.
ADB 2011: Project Administration Manual: Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project – Additional Financing, August 2011.
ADB 2011: Environmental Assessment and Review Framework: Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project – Additional Financing, August 2011.
DoLIDAR 1999: APPROACH for the Development of Agricultural and Rural Roads. Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads, 1999.
DRILP 2006: Project Procedural Manual (Final Draft), Decentralized rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project, GoN, DoLIDAR.
DRILP 2006: Environmental Guidelines (Draft), Decentralized rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project, GoN, DoLIDAR.
GoN 2006: Environmental and Social Management Framework. Road maintenance and Development Project, Department of Roads, Ministry of Physical Planning and Works, November 2006.
GTZ, SDC, 1999: Green Roads in Nepal, Best Practices Report – An Innovative Approach for Rural Infrastructure Development in the Himalayas and Other Mountainous Regions.
HMG/N 1998: Environmental Guide for Small Rural Infrastructure Projects. Government of Nepal, Ministry of Local Development in collaboration with IUCN, July 1998.
HMG/N 1997: Environmental Protection Act, 1997. Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN, Kathmandu HMG/N 1997; Environmental Protection Regulation, 1997. Ministry of Law and Justice, GoN, Kathmandu.
HMG/N 2003: REFERENCE MANUAL for Environmental and Social Aspects of Integrated Road Development. Ministry of Physical Planning and Works Department of Road, Kathmandu 2003.
HMG/N 1993: Forest Act, 1993.
HMG/N 1995: Forest Rules, 1995.
HMG/N 1973: National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1973.
HMG/N 1999: Local Self Governance Act, 1999 Land Acquisition Act 1977.
HMG/N 2000: Local Self Governance Rules, 2000.
RAP 2001: Initial Environmental Examination Guidelines (Draft). Department for International Development (UK) Rural Access Programme Nepal, March 2001.
Uprety B.K.2003: Safeguarding the Resources ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Process and Practice December 2003.
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 64
APPENDIXES
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APPENDIX I. Approval Letter and Terms of Reference (ToR)
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Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 69
Appendix II Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 70
Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist Instructions: This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist. This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.
Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project-Additional Project Title: Finanacing (DRILP-AF)
Subproject: Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject in Ramechhap District
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS A. Project siting Is the project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmentally sensitive areas?
Cultural heritage site 9
Protected area 9
9 Wetland Mangrove 9
Estuarine 9
Buffer zone of protected area 9
Special area for protecting biodiversity 9
B. Potential environmental impacts Will the project cause… encroachment on historical/cultural 9 There are no historic or cultural areas; disfiguration of landscape by areas along the road alignment. road embankments, cuts, fills, and Disfiguration of landscape will quarries? occur due to cut and fill, however, cut and fill volume will be balanced. encroachment on precious ecology 9 (e.g. sensitive or protected areas)?
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 71
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by roads, 9 resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site? deterioration of surface water quality There will be no significant due to silt runoff and sanitary wastes 9 impact. from worker-based camps and chemicals used in construction? Increment in local air pollution due to There will be no significant air rock crushing, cutting and filling 9 pollution as this is an earthen works, and chemicals from asphalt road. processing? noise and vibration due to blasting and 9 other civil works? Resettlement Plan will be prepared dislocation or involuntary resettlement 9 to address involuntary resettlement of people of the affected people.
Other social concerns relating to Not envisaged. inconveniences in living conditions in 9 the project areas that may trigger the cases of upper respiratory problems and stress? hazardous driving conditions where 9 There is no pre-existing road. construction interferes with pre- existing roads? poor sanitation and solid waste The road will be constructed by disposal in construction camps and 9 the local people who will come work sites, and possible transmission from their home for the work. So, of communicable diseases from there will be no campsites for the workers to local populations? workers. creation of temporary breeding habitats Road construction is in for mosquito as vectors of disease? 9 mountainous region. So, there will be no breeding habitats for mosquitoes. dislocation and compulsory 9 Eight houses will be dislocated resettlement of people living in right- within the formation width of the of-way? road and they will be provided with compensation based on Resettlement Plan. accident risks associated with 9 Traffic volume is negligible. increased vehicular traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic materials and loss of life? increased noise and air pollution 9 Traffic volume will be minimal resulting from traffic volume? and traffic speed will be very slow (<20km/hour) due to earthen raod. increased risk of water pollution from 9 oil, grease and fuel spills, and other materials from vehicles using the road?
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 72
Appendix III Environmental Checklist
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 73
Environmental Checklist
A. GENERAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION
1. Overview of Settlements along Road Corridor (वःती वार जानकार )
Settlement Name of Settlement Household and Caste/Ethnic Indigenous Code* and Address Population (no.) Distribution Group (वःतीक (वःतीक नाम र (घरधूर र जनस या) (जात/जाित) -cflbjf;L क ड) ठ गाना) Hh Pop M F ;d"x_
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
* Use the same codes as in strip map and topographical map.
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 74
2. Economic Activities/Main Occupation (आिथक lःथlत र मु य प शा) Settlement Number of Hhs engaged in Code Agriculture Labour & Business/ Cottage GO/NGO Others (वःतीक & Livestock Porter Commerce Industry Employees (specify) ( ( ( / ( ( / ( ) क ड) कृ षी र याला यापार घर लु सरकार ग र अ य
पशुपालन) मजदर ु ) यवसाय) उध ग) सरकार ) A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
3. Existing Services and Infrastructures ( वधमान स वा ूदायाक स ःथा र पूवाध ार) SN Service/Infrastructure Settlement Code -;]jf / k"jf{wf/_ -a:tLsf] sf]8_ Category A B C D E F G H I J 1 EDUCATION (िश ा) 1.1 Campus (no.) (SofDk;_
Students (no.) -ljBfyL{_ 1.2 High School (no.) -xfO{ :s"n_
Students (no.) - laBfyL{_ 1.3 Primary School (no.) -k|fylds
laBfno_ Students (no.) -ljBfyL{_ 2 HEALTH (ःवाः य) 2.1 Hospital (no.) (c:ktfn_ Capacity (beds) -z}of_ 2.2 Health Post (ःवाः य च क ) Sub-Health Post (no.) 2.3 Veterinary Services (kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf_
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 75
SN Service/Infrastructure Settlement Code -;]jf / k"jf{wf/_ -a:tLsf] sf]8_ Category A B C D E F G H I J 2.4 Pit/Temporary toilets (no.) (vfN6]÷c:yfO{ rkL{_ Permanent (kSsL rkL{_ Open (v'Nnf_ 3 COMMUNICATION (स चार) 3.1 Telephone/fax 3.2 Mobile/CDMA 3.3 Post Office 4 ELECTRICITY SUPPLY (no. of Hhs) ( वजुली) 4.1 From Micro-hydro -n3' hnljB't_ 4.2 From Mini-hydro -demf}nf hnljB't_ 4.3 From National Grid -/fli6«o k|zf/0f_ 4.4 From Solar System -;f}o{ phf{ af6_ 4.5 From Diesel Generator -l8h]n hg/]6/ af6_ 5 BUSINESS & COMMERCE ( यापार/ यवसाय) 5.1 Hotels & Lodges (no.) -xf]6]n nh _ 5.2 Restaurants & Tea Stalls (no.)
(िचया पसल) 5.3 Grocery Shops (no.) ls/fgf
पसल 5.4 Other Shops (no.) (e.g. stationery, medicine, tailoring, fancy/cloth etc.) -:6];g/L, cf}iflw, n'uf l;pg] / km]G;L n'uf पसल_ 6 DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES (खान पानी) 6.1 Gravity-Flow Scheme
(No. of taps) (wf/f स या) 6.2 Tube-Wells (no.) (sn_ 6.3 Spring/Dug-Wells (no.) (d"n/ कु वा
/ इनार) 7 IRRIGATION SCHEMES (िस चाई) 7.1 Surface Irrigation (ha.) (कु ल ) 7.2 Groundwater (ha.) (hldgsf] kfgL lgsfn]/_ 8 OTHER INFRASTRUCTURES (अ य पूवाधार ) 8.1 Micro-hydro scheme (no. & capacity...... kw) (लघु जल वधुत)
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 76
SN Service/Infrastructure Settlement Code -;]jf / k"jf{wf/_ -a:tLsf] sf]8_ Category A B C D E F G H I J 8.2 Water Mill (no.) (पानी घ ट) 8.3 Suspension Bridges (no.)
(झ लुग पुल) 8.4 Wooden Bridges (no.) (काठ पुल) 8.5 Other Bridges (specify) (अ य पुल) 9 INDUSTRY (उ ग) 9.1 Weaving Industry (no.) (िसलाइ बुनाई) 9.2 Rice & flour Mills (no.) (s'6fgL,
lk;fgL 9.3 Other Industries (specify) (अ य उ ग) …...... 10 FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ( व यस ःथा, ;+Vof_ 10.1 Bank (no.) (ब क) 10.2 Cooperative (सहकार ) 11 COMMUNITY USE (सामुदाियक ूय जन, ;+Vof_ 11.1 Ghat (no.) (घाट) 11.2 Hatia/Bazaar (no.) (हाट,बजार) 11.3 Playground (no.) (ख ल म दान) 11.4 Community Centre (no.) (सामुदाियक भवन) 11.5 Community Organisation (सामुदाियक ;+3;+:yfx?) 11.6 Others (specify) (अ य)
4. Land Holding Pattern (ज गा जमीन) Land Holding Settlements with no. of Hhs (3/ w'/L ;+Vof) Remarks Pattern A B C D E F G H I J
Landless (सुकु मबासी)
<10 ropani (१० र पनी भ दा
कम)
10 to 20 ropani (१०-२०
र पनी)
> 20 ropani (>२० र पनी)
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 77
5. Food Grain Availability (HH no.) (खा ान ःथती)
Availability Status Settlements with no. of households (3/ w'/L ;+Vof) Total A B C D E F G H I J
Surplus (वष भर पुग र
ब न ) Sufficient for 9 months to 1 year (९ म हना - १ वष पु न ) Sufficient for 3-9 months (३-९ म हना पु न ) Less than three months(३ म हना भ दा कम पु न )
6. Major Existing Agriculture Production (Denote the most dominant by 1, second dominant by 2 and so on). (मु य उ जनी –सब भ दा बढ लाई १ ल , द ॐ लाई २ ल र स ह अनुसार जनाउन ) S.N. Type of Agriculture Settlements (a:tL) Production (उ जनीक A B C D E F G H I J ूकार) 1.0 CEREALS (अ नवाली) 1.1 Rice (धान) 1.2 Wheat (गहु ) 1.3 Maize (मक ) 1.4 Millet (क द ) 1.5 Junelo (जुन ल ) 1.6 Phaper (फापर) 1.7 Others (list) (अ य) 2.0 CASH CROPS (नगद वाली) 2.1 Oil Seeds (त ल) 2.2 Beans/Dal (दाल) 2.3 Tobacco (तमाखु) 2.4 Potato (आलु) 2.5 Vegetables (तरकार ) 2.6 Fruits (फलफु ल) 2.7 Tea/Coffee (िचया / कफ ) 2.8 Amliso (अिॆस ) Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 78
2.9 Sericulture (र समख ती) 2.10 Others (list) (अ य) 3.0 LIVESTOCK & FISHERIES (पशुपालन र माछापालन) 3.1 Cattle (cows & buffaloes)(गाई भ सी) 3.2 Horses, Mules (घ डा,ख चर) 3.3 Yak (याक) 3.4 Goat (वाभा) 3.5 Sheep (भ डा) 3.6 Rabbit (खराय ) 3.7 Pig (सु गुर) 3.8 Fisheries (माछा) 3.9 Poultry (कु खुरा) 3.10 Bee-keeping (म र पालन) 3.11 Others (अ य)
7. Migration for Employment (र जगार क लागी वसाई सराई) (a) No. of HHs from where at least one person (may be HH head) is away from home for more than 6 months.(६ म हना भ दा वढ क लागी)
Settlement Settlement A B C D E F G H I J
No. of Hhs 3/ w'/L ;+Vof
Destination Hffg] 7fpF
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 79
B. SETTLEMENT INFORMATION: Name of Settlement (वःतीक नाउ ): Address: (7]ufgf)M
Potential Market Centre: (;Defljt ahf/ If]q) :
1. Seasonal Migration in Search of Work ( sfdsf] vf]lhdf म समी वसाई सराई) Starting Returning No. of Destination Purpose Month month Total HH (जान ठाउ ) (उद ँय) (hfg] (kmls{g] (घरधूर म हना) म हना) स या)
2. Development Potential According to Settlement
2.1 Areas which have significant potential for development, for instance, high agricultural production, tourism development, local mines, etc. (indicate these areas in map/sketch). ( वकाशक स भावना भएका ऽ जःत , ध र वढ उ जनी हुन ऽ, पयटन ऽ, खानी ऽ)
S.N. Name of Area Description of Development Potential ( ऽक नाउ ) (ljsf;sf] ;Defjgf ePsf] ववरण) 1
2
3
2.2 Scope of the proposed linkage in view of promoting socio-economic development (आिथ क सामाजीक वकाश गनक लागी ूःतावीत सडक वाट हुन फायदा जःत स चार, कृ षी, िश ा र ःवाःथ). S Sectors to get direct benefit Describe how it will benefit N k||ToIf kmfO{bf kfpg] If]q s;/L kmfO{bf k'¥ofp5, pNn]v ug'{xf]; < 1 2 3
3. Religious, Historical, Cultural Resources and Sites of Aesthetic and Scenic Values ( wfld{s, ऐतीहासीक, सा ःकृ ितक स पदा tyf e"–b[Zo Pj+ ;f}Gbo{o'Qm 7fpFx? )
Type of Name/Specificati Location from Description Resource on Road (importance/present status) (ूकार) (नाम) (सडक वाट दर ु ) a0f{g -dxTj tyf xfnsf] l:ylt_ Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 80
Temples (म दर) Monuments
(िशलाल ख,
क ला, दरवार, गुफा) Sites of aesthetic and scenic values (e"–b[Zo Pj+ ;f}Gbo{o'Qm 7fp)F Others (सा ःकृ ितक rf8kj{, d]nfx?) 4. Name of Existing Community Organization -ljBdfg ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?_
5. Trading Pattern -Jofkf/ Joj;fosf] cj:yf_ (a) Imported items -lelqg] j:t'x?_M (b) Exported Items -aflxl/g] j:t'x?_
6.a. Travel Time from Starting Point -ofqf ;do_ a.1 By walking -l+x8]/_: a.2 By vehicle -uf8Laf6_:
6.b. Existing Transportation Cost (xfnsf] 9'jfgL b/_ b.1 From porter -el/of af6_: b.2 From horse/mule -vRr8 af6_: b.3 From vehicle -uf8L af6_:
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APPENDIX IV Abstract of Cost
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 82
Appendix IVa: Abstract of Cost for Civil Works
Item no. Description of Works Unit Quantity Amount (NRs.) Remarks
1 Site Clearance 1.1 Site Clearance: Clearing and m2 23,388.58 327440.12 grubbing including the cutting of trees having girth of less than 30 cm 1.1.1 Cutting of trees: having girth > 30 cm a) above 30 cm to 60 cm girth nos. 110.00 11,550.00 b) above 60 cm to 90 cm girth nos. 186.00 26,040.00 c) above 90 cm to 180 cm girth nos. 259.00 135,975.00 d) above 180 cm to 270 cm girth nos. 20.00 21,000.00 Sub Total 522,005.12 2 Earthworks 2.1 Earthwork in excavation in roadway, m3 31365.26 6,063,532.06 drain and structures foundation for all types of soil 2.2 Earthwork in excavation in roadway, m3 4487.31 3,503, 063.42 drain and structures foundation for all types of Rock a) Ordinary soil m3 17,070.03 2,987,255.09 b) Boulder mixed soil m3 30,417.30 6387633.56 c) Ordinary rock m3 7525432.36 10,750.62 d) Medium rock m3 700.14 980189.70 2.3 Road embankment filling, backfilling m3 7,506.03 656,777.34 behind structures & miscellaneous backfilling with approved material within the initial lead of 50 m. 2.4 Transporting material manually from m3 16,638.80 2,911789.43 excavation including all incidentals beyond the specified initial lead distance for every additional haulage of beyond 50m Sub Total 31,015,672.86 3 Stone masonary work 3 3.1 Dry Stone masonry work including full m 2401.14 3,594,632.47 compensation for all labour, materials and other incidentals required to complete the work. 3 3.2 Dry Stone masonry work for toe m 809 1,213,264.33 Included in protection work including full environmental compensation for all labour, materials management cost and other incidentals required to also complete the work. 3.3 Cement Masonry in C/S (1:4) m3 1,830.0 11,271,127.20 Mortar. (for drain retaining and toe structures) work including full compensation for all labour, material and other incidentals required to complete the work. Sub Total 16,079,024.0 4 RCC work for box culverts 4.1 Providing and placing of form wok m2 62.00 18,319.76 4.2 Providing and laying of PCC (1:3:6) m3 5.02 52,858.39 all complete 4.3 Providing and laying of PCC m3 15.60 216,403.65 (1:1.5:3) all complete Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 83
Item no. Description of Works Unit Quantity Amount (NRs.) Remarks
4.4 Supply and laying of reinforcement kg 4,898.40 467,699.23 bar including cutting, bending and binding having specific density 7815 kg/m3 all complete. Sub Total 755,281.03 5 Gabion Masonry Work 5.1 Supply and delivery of gabion wire m3 4866.50 12200802.15 (All heavy coated), Fabrication of gabion boxes including rolling, cutting, weaving (Hexagonal Mesh Size: 100mm*120mm 5.2 (I.) Laying of Geo-Textile m2 35228.55 11601751.95 5.3 Pitching for Causeway m2 1998 475998.18 5.4 Bedding for Causeway m3 16.65 46568.30 Sub Total 24,325,120.57 6 Pavement Work 6.1 Gravelling in pavement and shoulder m2 58,470.0 2543,445.00 6.2 20 cm stone edging on 5 cm loose m2 5286.30 17032275.48 granular bedding for shoulder 6.3 20 cm thick stone pitching for m2 2689.62 235,341.75 causeway 6.4 5 cm thick granular material bedding m3 16151.61 5452,150.39 for causeway Sub Total 25,263,212.63 7 Miscellaneous Works Supply and place Standard Size sign Nos. 2 6,000 board Supply and place permanent traffic Nos. 15 37,500 sign Supply and place 1km Stone Post Nos. 12 18000 Supply and place 5km Stone Post Nos. 3 9,000 Supply and place RCC delinator Nos. 75 56,250 Supply and providing of four wheel Trip 48 240,000 vehicle for DISC Sub Total 366750.0 TOTAL 98, 327,066.21 General provision for Insurance 1,474,905.99 Provision for tools, plants & equipments 2,949,811.99 NRs. 1,025,000 for occupational health and safety and included in environmental management cost also Procurement of gabion boxes for BG 17,606,258.50 Bio engineering works for slope stabilization 3,769,377.0 Included in environmental management cost also Overhead@ 15% 9,835,770.84 VAT @13% 9,802,984.93 Workcharge establishment (staff)@ 2.5% 3,022,890.85 Small operational expenses@ 2.5% 3,022,890.85 Physical contingency@ 10% 10,766,813.75 Grand Total 160,578,770.91
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Appendix IVb: Summary of Project Cost
SN Particulars Amount (NRs.) 1 Environmental Management Cost 1.1 Environmental awareness raising training 100,000.00 1.2 Occupational health and safety 1,025,000.90 1.3 Bio-engineering 3,769,377.00 1.4 Compensatory plantation & protection cost for CF 702,999.84 and private land 1.5 Road side plantation 50,000.00 1.6 Toe wall for spoil management 1,213,264.33 1.7 Signboard 50,000.00 1.8 Environmental monitoring cost 390,000.00 Subtotal (A) 7,300,642.07 2 Civil Work Cost 2.1 Total civil work cost 160,578,770.91 2.2 Civil work cost for occupational health & safety, 6,007,642.23 bio-engineering works, toe wall for spoil management (included under environmental management cost) Civil work cost excluding occupational health & 154,571,128.70 safety, bio-engineering and toe walls for spoil management (B) 3 Resettlement Plan Cost 3.1 Compensation cost (land, trees, relocation cost for 3,887,921.97 private and community structures) 3.2 Supporting cost for deed transfer 700,000.00 3.3 Management cost for absentee families 50,000.00 3.4 Lifeskill training course 3,595,000 3.5 Contingency (2.5%) 205,823.00 Subtotal (C) 8,438,744.97 4 Gender Equality & Social Inclusion Plan Cost 4.1 Awareness training 936,700.00 4.2 Livelihood improvement training 1,510,070.00 Subtotal (D) 2,446,770.00 5 Community Infrastructure Cost (US$ 120,000, 10,200,000.00 exchange rate of 1$=85 NRs.) (E) Total Project Cost (A+B+C+D+E) 182,957,285.74
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APPENDIX V Public Notice
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Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap Initial Environmental EExamination (IEE)E 87 Government of Nepal Office of District Development Committee Ramechhap
Public notice for comments and suggestion on the Initial Environmental Examination (Date of first publication: 2068/10/13)
The Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project-Additional Finanacing(DRILP- AF) ) is a project being implemented by loan and grant assistance from Asian Development Bank (ADB), loan assistance from OFID and technical and grant assistance from Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), counterpart funding from Government of Nepal (GoN), participating districts and contributions from project beneficiaries. Pakarbas- Galba road subproject has been proposed for the construction under DRILP-AF.This notice is published for the implementation of an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report as per the provision of the Rule 7 (2) of the Environment Protection Rules 1997 (amended 1999 AD).
Name of the Proposal: District Development Committee, Ramechhap
Description of Proposal: The proposed road subproject starts from Chihandanada of Pakarbas VDC and ends at Galba bazaar of Dimipokhari VDC. The road passes through the Chihandanda and Galapa Bazaar. The total length of road is 12 km and formation width is 5 m. The road is proposed for the new construction.It is requested to write solicit comments and suggestions about the impacts on the environment through the implementation of subproject from the relevant VDCs, school, health post, forest user group, concerned stakeholders, organization and local people within 15 days from the first date of its publication in the Shree Rajdhani National Daily Newspaper in the following address.
Address to send comments and suggestions: District Development Committee, District Technical Office, Ramechhap Ramechhap Address: Ramechhap, Manthali Address: Ramechhap, Mathali Telephone no. 048-540362 Telephone no. 048-540114 Fax No. 048-540029 Fax No. 048-540029 Email: [email protected]
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APPENDIX VI Deed of Inquiry
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APPENDIX VII Meeting Minutes with Local People
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Appendix VIII Recommendation Letters
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APPENDIX IX Socio-Economic Data of Subproject Area
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Appendix IXa Disribution of Households by Major Occupation Distribution of Households by Major Occupation Settlement Number of HH Name Agriculture Labour Business/ Cottage Employees Others & Livestock & Commerce Industry (specify) Porter Gundugol 24 24 Sahutole 10 10 4 1 Chulthe 25 20 2 5 Pani Kaphal nagi 34 32 3 Patle 26 25 1 1 Simpani 28 8 Total 147 119 3 4 10 Percentage 98 79.33 2 2.7 6.7 (%)
Appendix IXb Migration Pattern i) Households Migration Pattern for More than Six Months Major Settlements No. of Hhs
Gundugol 12 Sahutole 10 Chulthe Pani 25 Kaphal nagi 34 Patle 9 Simpani 28 Total 118 Total percentage 73.8 ii) Seasonal Migration in Search of Work Major No. of Hhs Destination Purpose Month Settlements Gundugol 18 Kathmandu Labor work Marga-Chaitra Sahutole 50 Kathmandu Labor work Marga-Chaitra Kaphal nagi 25 Kathmandu Labor work Marga-Jestha Patle 42 Kathmandu Labor work, Block Kartik-Chaitra Maker Simpani 28 Kathmandu Labor work, Block Kartik-Chaitra Maker
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Appendix IXc Major Existing Agricultural Production (Cereals, Cash crops, Livestock) Settlement Cereals Crops Cash Crops Livestock Name Rice Wheat Maize Millet Oil Potato Vegetable Fruits Cattle Goat Pig Poultry Bee- Seed Keeping Gundugol 1 2 2 1 2 2 3 Sahutole 1 2 2 1 1 1 3 Chulthe Pani 3 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 Kaphal nagi 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 3 Patle 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 Simpani 1 3 1 2 2 1 3
Appendix IXd Summary of Public Services and Infrastructure According to Settlement Settlement Name Type of educational institute (no) School Student no Health post Telephone /Fax Telephone (mobile/ CDMA) Solar System Hotel (no) Restaurant\ tea shop(no) Grocery shops(no) Gravity flow(no) Spring/dugw ells(no) Rice & flour mills(no) Cooperative (no) Ghat (no) Hatia bazaar(no) Community organization (no) Gundugol Campus 50 8 1 5 2 3 1 High School 6 Primary School 1 40 Sahutole Campus 10 16 6 1 10 1 High School 15 Primary School 10 Chulthe Campus 7 60 13 1 1 1 25 1 Pani High School 7 Primary School 1 90
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Settlement Name Type of educational institute School (no) Student no Health post Telephone /Fax Telephone (mobile/ CDMA) Solar System Hotel (no) Restaurant\ tea shop(no) Grocery shops(no) Gravity flow(no) Spring/dugw ells(no) Rice & flour mills(no) Cooperative (no) Ghat (no) Hatia bazaar(no) Community organization (no) Kaphal Campus 6 100 10 34 nagi High School 12 Primary School Patle Campus 3 1 17 6 1 1 1 13 13 High School 37 Primary School Simpani Campus 1 1 74 17 1 28 1 1 1 High School Primary School 1 Total 4 243 1 1 317 60 2 2 5 87 41 3 1 4 2 1
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Appendix IXe Land holding Pattern (Households) Settlement < 1 ropani 1 to 5 ropani 5 to 10 ropani 10 to 20 ropani 20 to 50 ropani Name
Gundugol 2 20 3 Sahutole 10 3 Chulthe Pani 15 10 Kaphal nagi 2 18 14 Patle 1 21 4 Simpani 9 18 Total 2 32 64 48 4 Percentage (%) 1.3 21.3 42.7 32.0 2.7
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Appendix IXf Food Sufficiency Settlement Sufficient for Sufficient Sufficient Less than Name whole year for 3-9 for three three months months months Gundugol 22 2 Sahutole 3 10 Chulthe Pani 20 5 Kaphal nagi 8 25 1 Patle 4 21 1 Simpani 28 Total 15 126 6 3 Percentage (%) 10.0 84.0 4.0 2.0
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APPENDIX X: Name of Organization Contacted
Name of the Organizations (notice pasted and deed of inquiry obtained)
SN Name of Organization Address 1. Office of Village Development Committee,Makadum Makadum 2. Office of Village Development Committee, Majhuwa Majhuwa 3. Office of Village Development Committee, Khandadevi Khandadevi 4. Office of Village Development Committee, Dimipokhari Dimipokhari 5. Shree Laxman Saibari CFUG Makadum 6. Shree Khadadevi Bhalukhop CFUG Khandadevi 7. Shree Dharjuk Pakha CFUG Khandadevi 8. FECOFUN Ramechhap 9. District Forest Office Manthali, Ramechhap 10. Shree Khandadevi Proposed Secondary School, Choprang Khandadevi 11. Shree Durga Nadi Primary School Majhuwa
APPENDIX XI: List of Person Contacted SN Name Designation Address 1. Dilip Chapagai LDO DDC, Manthali, Ramechhap 2. Dilli Adhikari Enginner DDC, Manthali, Ramechhap 3. Shiv Sharma DFO District Forest Offie, Ramechhap 4. Basudev Shrestha Principal Shree Khandadevi proposed Secondary School, Choprang, Khadadevi, Ramechhap 5. Raj Kumar Shrestha Teacher Khandadevi, Ramechhap 6. Chadralal Tamang Secretary Dharjuk CFUG, Khadadevi, Ramechhap 7. Ramdevi Shrestha Treasurer Khadadevi Drinking Water, Khadadevi, Ramechhap 8. Jagat Bahadur Tamang Chairperson Shree Dharjuk Pakha CFUG 9. Bhaktimaya Shrestha Treasurer Shree Bhalukhop CFUG, Khandadevi, Ramechhap 10. Ghanashyam Thapaliya Secretary Dimipokhari VDC, Ramechhap 11. Urmila Paudel Secretary Pakarbas VDC, Ramechhap 12. Sanjib Chaulagai Secretary Madum VDC, Ramechhap 13. Yam bahdur Khatri Principal Shree Durga Nadi Primary School, Majhuwa, Ramechhap 14. Tul Bikram Khatri Chairperson Shree Laxman Saibari CFUG 15. Krishna Kumar Yonjan VHW Khnadadevi Subhealth Post 16. Janardan Bikram Karki Chairperson Makadum VDC, Ramechhap 17. Dr. Basudev Pandey Distict Health District Health Post, Ramechhap Co-ordinator 18. Chhabilal Ghimire Seed Conservation DADO, Ramechhap Officer
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Appendix XII List of proposed toe walls for spoil disposal management SN Chainage Length (m) Height (m) X-section (m2) Volume (m3) 1 0+120 0+130 10 2.50 3.45 34.50 2 0+500 0+510 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 3 0+520 0+530 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 4 0+560 0+570 10 1.30 1.51 15.08 5 0+630 0+640 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 6 0+910 0+920 10 2.00 2.57 25.67 7 0+920 0+930 10 2.00 2.57 25.67 8 1+320 1+330 10 1.30 1.51 15.08 9 1+330 1+340 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 10 2+360 2+370 10 2.30 3.09 30.85 11 2+550 2+560 10 2.30 3.09 30.85 12 2+700 2+710 10 2.00 2.57 25.67 13 3+100 3+110 10 2.70 3.83 38.33 14 3+420 3+430 10 2.30 3.09 30.85 15 3+830 3+840 10 1.00 1.12 11.17 16 3+930 3+940 10 1.30 1.51 15.08 17 4+770 4+780 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 18 5+130 5+140 10 1.20 1.37 13.74 19 6+150 6+160 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 20 6+480 6+490 10 1.30 1.51 15.08 21 6+490 6+500 10 1.30 1.51 15.08 22 6+880 6+890 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 23 7+150 7+160 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 24 7+450 7+460 10 1.80 2.24 22.44 25 7+770 7+780 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 26 7+820 7+830 10 2.00 2.57 25.67 27 8+070 8+080 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 28 8+130 8+140 10 2.00 2.57 25.67 29 8+150 8+160 10 1.80 2.24 22.44 30 8+540 8+550 10 2.80 4.03 40.31 31 8+720 8+730 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 32 9+030 9+040 10 1.60 1.94 19.37 33 9+310 9+320 10 1.30 1.51 15.08 34 9+370 9+380 10 1.20 1.37 13.74 35 9+930 9+940 10 1.50 1.79 17.90 36 11+330 11+340 10 1.80 2.24 22.44 37 11+580 11+590 10 1.90 2.40 24.03 38 11+600 11+610 10 1.70 2.09 20.88 Total 809.57
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Appendix XIII: Recommended Structure to Mitigate Water Induced Hazards a. Dry stone causeway
Chainage Span (m) Cause way width (m) Remarks 0+010 9 5 Proposed Causeway
1+241 9 5 Proposed Causeway 1+348 9 5 Proposed Causeway 1+430 9 5 Proposed Causeway
1+502 9 5 Proposed Causeway 1+560 9 5 Proposed Causeway 1+719 9 5 Proposed Causeway 1+816 9 5 Proposed Causeway
2+124 9 5 Proposed Causeway 3+123 9 5 Proposed Causeway 3+444 9 5 Proposed Causeway 3+527 9 5 Proposed Causeway
4+104 9 5 Proposed Causeway 4+297 9 5 Proposed Causeway 4+326 9 5 Proposed Causeway 4+934 9 5 Proposed Causeway
5+160 9 5 Proposed Causeway 5+906 9 5 Proposed Causeway 6+066 9 5 Proposed Causeway 7+236 9 5 Proposed Causeway 7+318 9 5 Proposed Causeway
7+718 9 5 Proposed Causeway 7+920 9 5 Proposed Causeway 8+020 9 5 Proposed Causeway 8+234 9 5 Proposed Causeway
8+606 9 5 Proposed Causeway 8+853 9 5 Proposed Causeway 9+198 9 5 Proposed Causeway 9+616 9 5 Proposed Causeway
9+896 9 5 Proposed Causeway 10+130 9 5 Proposed Causeway 10+426 9 5 Proposed Causeway 10+546 9 5 Proposed Causeway 10+719 9 5 Proposed Causeway
10+849 9 5 Proposed Causeway 10+974 9 5 Proposed Causeway 11+290 9 5 Proposed Causeway Total Nos 37 Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE)
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Note: Standard design of 9m span dry stone causeway has been proposed for stream crossing. b. Box Culverts (Total 2)
Chainage Width (m) Height (m) 6+835 1 1 8+484 1 1
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APPENDIX XIV Trees to be cut down and compensatory plantation cost a. Community Forest Name of Chainage Species Scientific name No of Compensatory Rate Total Cost CF trees Plantation(1:25) NRs. NRs. Laxman 0+000 to Angeri Lyonia ovalifolia 14 350 70.45 24,657.50 Saibari CF 0+709 Chilaune Schima wallichii 113 2,825 70.45 199,021.25 Gurans Rhododendron 41 1,025 70.45 72,211.25 arboreum Phaledo Erytrina sticta 1 25 70.45 1,761.25 Phalame Homalium 2 50 70.45 3,522.50 napau Uttis Alnus 6 150 70.45 10,567.50 nepalensis Sub total 177 4,425 70.45 311,741.2 Bhalukhop Angeri Lyonia ovalifolia 11 275 70.45 19,373.75 CF Bhalayo Bridilia retusa 3 75 70.45 5,283.75
Chilaune Schima wallichii 12 300 70.45 21,135.00 Gurans Rhododendron 7 175 70.45 12,328.75 5+550 to arboreum 5+677 Kaphal Myrica 4 100 70.45 7,045.00
esculenta Mauwa Bassia latifolia 1 25 70.45 1,761.25 Uttis Alnus 1 25 70.45 1,761.25 nepalensis Sub total 39 975 70.45 68,688.8 Dharjuk 10+320 to Angeri Lyonia ovalifolia 1 25 70.45 1,761.25 CF 10+778 Chilaune Schima wallichii 1 25 70.45 1,761.25
Salla Pinus roxburghii 131 3,275 70.45 230,723.75 sub total 133 3,325 70.45 234,246 Total 349 8,725 70.45 614,676
b. Private trees No of No of Plant for Rate per Total cost SN Name of Owner Trees Plantation (1:1) plant (NRs) 1 Yam Bahadur Khatri 6 6 33.66 201.96 2 Shambu Khatri 8 8 33.66 269.28 3 Laxman, Purna Bdr.Khatri 21 21 33.66 706.86 4 Indra Bdr. Khatri 1 1 33.66 33.66 5 Ganga devi Khatri 11 11 33.66 370.26
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No of No of Plant for Rate per Total cost SN Name of Owner Trees Plantation (1:1) plant (NRs) 6 Tek Bdr. Khatri 25 25 33.66 841.5 7 Sammar Bdr. Khatri 15 15 33.66 504.9 8 Harka Bdr.Khatri 1 1 33.66 33.66 9 Chitra Bdr. Khatri 7 7 33.66 235.62 10 Gyan Bdr. Khatri 5 5 33.66 168.3 11 Raj Kumar Khatri 15 15 33.66 504.9 12 Chet Bdr. Khatri 9 9 33.66 302.94 13 Pashupati Khatri 2 2 33.66 67.32 14 Padam Bdr. Budathoki 4 4 33.66 134.64 15 Prem Bdr, Budatholi 2 2 33.66 67.32 16 Anak Bdr. Budathoki 12 12 33.66 403.92 17 Mohan Bdr. Khatri 6 6 33.66 201.96 18 Hast Bdr. Budhathoki 3 3 33.66 100.98 19 Shita, Krishna Bdr. 7 7 33.66 235.62 Budhathoki 20 Udaya Bdr. Mahat 8 8 33.66 269.28 21 Inda Karki 16 16 33.66 538.56 22 Tilak Mahat 6 6 33.66 201.96 23 Bir Bdr.Rayamajhi 1 1 33.66 33.66 24 Januka, Shiva Karki 9 9 33.66 302.94 25 Pahalman Raya 3 3 33.66 100.98 26 Karna Bdr. Raya 32 32 33.66 1077.12 27 Abal Bdr,ray (Babukaji Raya) 2 2 33.66 67.32 28 Hit Bdr. Raya 2 2 33.66 67.32 29 Tanka Bdr. Khatri 8 8 33.66 269.28 30 Talak Bdr. Khatri 2 2 33.66 67.32 31 Khadka Bdr. Raya 8 8 33.66 269.28 32 Man Bdr, Khatri 4 4 33.66 134.64 33 Padam Bdr. Khatri 63 63 33.66 2120.58 34 Phatta Bdr. Bohora 7 7 33.66 235.62 35 Udaya Bdr. Bohora 11 11 33.66 370.26 36 Arjun Bohora 2 2 33.66 67.32 37 Indra Bdr, Bohora 15 15 33.66 504.9 38 Hast Bdr. Bohara 1 1 33.66 33.66 39 Sharita Bohora 3 3 33.66 100.98 40 Nir Bdr. Bohora 23 23 33.66 774.18 41 Indra Bdr. Khadka 160 160 33.66 5385.6 42 Govinda Karki 4 4 33.66 134.64 43 Vim Bdr. Karki 8 8 33.66 269.28
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No of No of Plant for Rate per Total cost SN Name of Owner Trees Plantation (1:1) plant (NRs) 44 Atirupa Budhathoki 9 9 33.66 302.94 45 Yam Bdr. Budhathoki 2 2 33.66 67.32 46 Vishuman Tamang 73 73 33.66 2457.18 47 Krishna Kumari Khatri 8 8 33.66 269.28 48 Ratna Maya Khatri 317 317 33.66 10670.22 49 Bal Bdr. Budhathoki 4 4 33.66 134.64 50 Im Bdr. Budhathoki 6 6 33.66 201.96 51 Dek Bdr.Budhathoki 1 1 33.66 33.66 52 Suren Tamang 1 1 33.66 33.66 53 Chamarchig Tamang 67 67 33.66 2255.22 54 Dev Bdr. Ghising 24 24 33.66 807.84 55 Sukbir Ghising 4 4 33.66 134.64 56 Shreeman Gising 8 8 33.66 269.28 57 Bala Bdr. Shrestha 125 125 33.66 4207.5 58 Pal Shing Moktan 2 2 33.66 67.32 59 Bhakta Bdr. Shrestha 115 115 33.66 3870.9 60 Ganga Maya Tamang 1 1 33.66 33.66 61 Nandamaya Newarni 93 93 33.66 3130.38 62 Subharani Tamang 2 2 33.66 67.32 63 RamriMaya Yonjan 13 13 33.66 437.58 64 Dal Bdr. Katuwal 6 6 33.66 201.96 65 Kumar Khatri 25 25 33.66 841.5 66 Prem Bdr. Khatri 5 5 33.66 168.3 67 Raj Kumar Shrestha 31 31 33.66 1043.46 68 Bhaktakta shing Shrestha 7 7 33.66 235.62 69 Vim Bdr. Tamang 7 7 33.66 235.62 70 Rajkumar Shrestha 20 20 33.66 673.2 71 Vim Bdr.Tamang 5 5 33.66 168.3 72 Bakhan Shing Yonjan 25 25 33.66 841.5 73 Iman Shing Yonjan 7 7 33.66 235.62 74 Mairani Tamang 4 4 33.66 134.64 75 Sambi Lama (Saili) 708 708 33.66 23831.28 76 Babulal Tamang 1 1 33.66 33.66 77 Thulo Chamare Moktan 207 207 33.66 6967.62 78 Phurnamgel Tamang 2 2 33.66 67.32 79 Subba Ghising 7 7 33.66 235.62 80 Maiti Tamang 2 2 33.66 67.32 81 Keshav Raj Moktan 1 1 33.66 33.66 82 Kanchharam Ghising 26 26 33.66 875.16 Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE)
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No of No of Plant for Rate per Total cost SN Name of Owner Trees Plantation (1:1) plant (NRs) 83 Dorje Tamang 5 5 33.66 168.3 84 Maiya Tamang 14 14 33.66 471.24 85 Dhawa Dorje Tamang 12 12 33.66 403.92 86 Som Bdr. Tamang 8 8 33.66 269.28 87 Sukumaya Magar 2 2 33.66 67.32 88 Kausila Chaulagain 3 3 33.66 100.98 89 Krishna Bdr. Khatri 5 5 33.66 168.3 90 Bam Bdr. Tamang 2 2 33.66 67.32 91 Yam Bdr. Tamang 4 4 33.66 134.64 92 Ram, Padam, TeJ 40 40 33.66 1346.4 93 Total 2,624 2,624 33.66 88,323.84
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c. Format for Compensatory plantation agreement Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f (Compensatory Plantation)
k[i7e"dL ljs]Gb|Lt u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tyf hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ sfo{s|d–cltl/St nufgL (DRILP-AF) PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] cg'bfg tyf C0f ;xof]u, cf]lkm8sf] C0f ;xof]u, :jL; ljsf; ;xof]u lgof]usf] cg'bfg / k|fljlws ;xof]u tyf g]kfn ;/sf/, ;xefuL lhNnfx? / nfeu|fxL ;d]tsf] nufgLdf z'? ePsf] xf] . of] sfo{s|dsf] nIo lk5l8Psf tyf b'u{d lxdfnL tyf kxf8L !* lhNnfsf] u|fdL0f If]qsf] u/LaL Go"lgs/0f ug'{ /x]sf] 5 . u|fdL0f oftfoft tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] dfWod af6 u|fdL0f If]qsf ljkGg hgtfsf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s If]qx?sf] kx'Frdf clej[l4 u/L u/LaL 36fpg' o; sfo{s|dsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{s|dsf] p2]Zo ;fdflhs ljsf; tyf u|fdL0f lhljsf]kfh{g sfo{qmd, Ifdtf clej[l¢ tyf ljs]lGb|t :jfot zf;g, u|fdL0f oftfoft k'jf{wf/ / kl/of]hgf Aoa:yfkgaf6 k|fKt ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 . of] sfo{s|d >d d'ns, jftfj/0f d}qL, Hfg;xefuLtfdf cfwfl/t sfo{k2tLdf cfwfl/t /xg] 5 . o;n] ;8s If]qsf hgtfnfO{ /f]huf/L lbg] sfo{ ug{'sf ;fy} /f]huf/Lsf] kmfO{bf ul/j tyf ;dfhsf] lakGg au{df k'¥ofpg ;Sbf] k|of; ug]{5 . /fd]5fk lhNnfdf cjl:yt k|:tfljt ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s pk–cfof]hgf ljs]Gb|Lt u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tyf hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ sfo{s|d– cltl/St nufgL (DRILP-AF) cGtu{t ;+rfng ug{ nfluPsf] Ps pk−cfof]hgf xf] .
ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s pk–cfof]hgf /fd]5fk lhNnfsf] dsb'd uf=lj=;=sf] lrxfg8fF8f - uf]ugkfgL_ af6 z'? eO{ vfF8fb]jL uf=lj=;=sf]= ufNafahf/df 6'lËG5 . of] ;8ssf] rf}8fO{ % dL= / hDdf nDafO{ !!=^( ls=dL= kb{5 .
;fGb{lestf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] jg If]qsf] hUuf cGo k|of]hgsf] nflu pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)^# cg';f/ ljs]Gb|Lt u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tyf hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ sfo{s|d (DRILP-AF) /fli6«o k|fyldstf k|fKt cfof]hgf ePsf] / jg jfx]s cGo ljsNk ge} jg If]q g} k|of]u ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s pk–cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f s|ddf k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f ;d]t ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno af6 :jLs[t eO{ ;s]sf] / ;8s lgdf{0fsf] s|ddf sfl6Psf ?vx?sf] Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwdf hlt ?v sfl6Psf] 5 To;sf] !M@% cg'kftdf Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f / % aif{ ;Dd ;+/If0f ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .
jgdf sfl6Psf ?vx?sf] ;+Vof / Ifltk"lt{ jfkt a[Iff/f]k0f ug'{ kg]{ ?v ;+Vof / cg'dflgt nfut pk/f]Qm cg';f/ ks/af;–ufNaf ;8s pk–cfof]hgf ;fd'bflos jg eP/ hfg] / sfl6Psf ?vx?sf] ;+Vof, Ifltk"lt{ jfkt a[Iff/f]k0f ug'{ kg]{ ?v ;+Vof / cg'dflgt nfut ;d]t 6]a'n ! df lbO{Psf] 5 .
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6]a'n ! ;fd'bflos jgdf sfl6Psf ?vx?sf] ;+Vof, Ifltk"lt{ jfkt a[Iff/f]k0f ug'{ kg]{ ?v ;+Vof / cg'dflgt nfut l;g+ jgsf] gfd sfl6Psf Ifltk"lt{ la?jf, uf]8d]n, hDdf nfut ?v a[Iff/f]k0f a[Iff/f]k0f / k'g/f]k0f -g]=?=_ ;+Vof ?v ;+Vof 3]/jf/ nfut nfut -!M@%_ -g]=?=_= -g]=?=_ klxnf] ls:tf bf]>f] ls:tf ! nId0f ;f= j= !&& $,$%% @^%,%$$=@% $^,!(& #!!,&$!=@ @ Effn'vf]k #( (&% %*,%)(=&% !),!&( ^*^,**=* ;f=j= # Wffh'{s ;f=j= !## #,#@% !((,%## #$,&!# @#$,@$^=) hDdf #$( *,&%% %@#,%*& (!,)*( ^!$,^&^=)
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE)
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lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no / lhNnf jg sfof{no / ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] aLrdf
Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -Compensatory Plantation_ sfof{Gjog ug { ePsf ] ;+Demf}tf -Agreement_ kq
s_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no, /fd]5fk != Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ug{sf] nfuL Joj:yfkg ug]{ h:t}, lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL ug]{, a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ cflb . a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd -klxnf] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] .
@= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg] .
#= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd -bf]>f] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] k|fljlwssf] l;kmfl/;sf] ;fy} /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg Joj:yf ldnfpg] . lhNnf jg sfof{no, /fd]5fk != lj?jf vl/b, ;Íngsf] ;fy} a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ k|ljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] .
@= ;f=j=p=;=n] u/]sf] sfdsf] cg'udg u/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nodf k|utL k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .
#= a[Iff/f]k0fsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]sf] ;fy} ;+o'Qm cg'udgdf ;xefuL x'g] .
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, nId0f ;f=j= != a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ rflxg] la?jfsf] dfu ;+sng ug]{ .
@= lj?jf pTkfbg vl/b tyf pknAw u/fpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo ?kdf 9'jfgL ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
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#= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf 5]sjf/ ug]{, Kjfsn vGg] / la?jf /f]Kg] sfddf clgjfo{ ;xefuL x'g] .
$= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg k|ljlws ;xof]udf cfkm} ug'{kg]{ .
%= lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no÷lhNnf jg sfof{non] ug]{ cg'udg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf] ;fy} ;d'xn] :jMcg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg lbg'kg]{ .
v_ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj
lhNnf sfof{Gjog ;xof]u k/fdz{bftf÷lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{no, /fd]5fk != a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{sf] nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, lhNnf jg sfof{no tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no;+u ;dGjo ug]{ .
@= la?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL tyf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
#= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
$= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno Pjd\ ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno / cGt/utsf lgsfoaf6 a[Iff/f]k0f cg'udg ug{ cfPsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . u_ e'QmfgL ug]{ sfo{ ljlwM Ifltk'lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f jfkt hDdf g] ?= #!!,&$!=@ lgDgfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . !—klxnf] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd g] ?= @^%,%$$=@ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] .
@—bf]>f] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd g] ?= $^,!(& ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg]] .
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lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] k|fljlws sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6 tkm{ af6 tkm{ af6 x:tfIf/M x:tfIf/M x:tfIf/M gfdM gfdM gfdM kbM kbM kbM ldltM ldltM ldltM 5fkM 5fkM 5fkM
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE) 122
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no / lhNnf jg sfof{no / ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] aLrdf
Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -Compensatory Plantation_ sfof{Gjog ug { ePsf ] ;+Demf}tf -Agreement_ kq s_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no, /fd]5fk != Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ug{sf] nfuL Joj:yfkg ug]{ h:t}, lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL ug]{, a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ cflb . a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd -klxnf] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] .
@= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg] .
#= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd -bf]>f] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] k|fljlwssf] l;kmfl/;sf] ;fy} /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg Joj:yf ldnfpg] . lhNnf jg sfof{no, /fd]5fk != lj?jf vl/b, ;Íngsf] ;fy} a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ k|ljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] .
@= ;f=j=p=;=n] u/]sf] sfdsf] cg'udg u/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nodf k|utL k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .
#= a[Iff/f]k0fsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]sf] ;fy} ;+o'Qm cg'udgdf ;xefuL x'g] .
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, efn'vf]k ;f=j= != a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ rflxg] la?jfsf] dfu ;+sng ug]{ .
@= lj?jf pTkfbg vl/b tyf pknAw u/fpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo ?kdf 9'jfgL ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE) 123
#= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf 5]sjf/ ug]{, Kjfsn vGg] / la?jf /f]Kg] sfddf clgjfo{ ;xefuL x'g] .
$= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg k|ljlws ;xof]udf cfkm} ug'{kg]{ .
%= lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no÷lhNnf jg sfof{non] ug]{ cg'udg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf] ;fy} ;d'xn] :jMcg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg lbg'kg]{ .
v_ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj
lhNnf sfof{Gjog ;xof]u k/fdz{bftf÷lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{no, /fd]5fk != a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{sf] nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, lhNnf jg sfof{no tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no;+u ;dGjo ug]{ .
@= la?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL tyf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
#= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
$= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno Pjd\ ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno / cGt/utsf lgsfoaf6 a[Iff/f]k0f cg'udg ug{ cfPsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . u_ e'QmfgL ug]{ sfo{ ljlwM Ifltk'lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f jfkt hDdf g] ?= ^*,^**=* lgDgfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . !—klxnf] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd g] ?= %*,%)(=* ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] .
@—bf]>f] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd g] ?= !),!&( ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg]] .
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lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] k|fljlws sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6 tkm{ af6 tkm{ af6 x:tfIf/M x:tfIf/M x:tfIf/M gfdM gfdM gfdM kbM kbM kbM ldltM ldltM ldltM 5fkM 5fkM 5fkM
Pakarbas-Galba Road Subproject, Ramechhap InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE) 125
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no / lhNnf jg sfof{no / ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] aLrdf
Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f -Compensatory Plantation_ sfof{Gjog ug { ePsf ] ;+Demf}tf -Agreement_ kq s_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no, /fd]5fk != Ifltk"lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ug{sf] nfuL Joj:yfkg ug]{ h:t}, lj?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL ug]{, a[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{ cflb . a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd -klxnf] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] .
@= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg] .
#= a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg -uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{_ afFsL /sd -bf]>f] ls:tf_ ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] k|fljlwssf] l;kmfl/;sf] ;fy} /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg Joj:yf ldnfpg] . lhNnf jg sfof{no, /fd]5fk != lj?jf vl/b, ;Íngsf] ;fy} a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ k|ljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] .
@= ;f=j=p=;=n] u/]sf] sfdsf] cg'udg u/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nodf k|utL k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ .
#= a[Iff/f]k0fsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]sf] ;fy} ;+o'Qm cg'udgdf ;xefuL x'g] .
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, wfh'{s ;f=j= != a[Iff/f]k0f ug{ rflxg] la?jfsf] dfu ;+sng ug]{ .
@= lj?jf pTkfbg vl/b tyf pknAw u/fpgsf] ;fy} :yfgLo ?kdf 9'jfgL ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
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#= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf 5]sjf/ ug]{, Kjfsn vGg] / la?jf /f]Kg] sfddf clgjfo{ ;xefuL x'g] .
$= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] Joj:yfkg k|ljlws ;xof]udf cfkm} ug'{kg]{ .
%= lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no÷lhNnf jg sfof{non] ug]{ cg'udg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf] ;fy} ;d'xn] :jMcg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg lbg'kg]{ .
v_ ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf bfloTj
lhNnf sfof{Gjog ;xof]u k/fdz{bftf÷lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{no, /fd]5fk != a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{sf] nflu ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, lhNnf jg sfof{no tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff k|fljlws sfof{no;+u ;dGjo ug]{ .
@= la?jf pTkfbg÷9'jfgL tyf a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
#= a[Iff/f]k0f If]qsf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgdf k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
$= jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno Pjd\ ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno / cGt/utsf lgsfoaf6 a[Iff/f]k0f cg'udg ug{ cfPsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] . u_ e'QmfgL ug]{ sfo{ ljlwM Ifltk'lt{ a[Iff/f]k0f jfkt hDdf g] ?= @#$,@$^ lgDgfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{g] 5 . !—klxnf] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f tyf 3]/jf/ -fencing_ ug{ nfut cg'dfg cg';f/sf] /sd g] ?= !((,%## ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x -;f=j=p=;=_ nfO{ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t pknAw u/fpg] .
@—bf]>f] ls:tfM a[Iff/f]k0f ul/;s] kl5 lj?jf afFr]sf] cfwf/df jg Joj:yfkg uf]8d]n, xfFuf s6gL / k'gM/f]k0f ug{ afFsL /sd g] ?= #$,&!# ;DalGwt ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] kfpg] u/L lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] /f]xj/df pknAw u/fpg]] .
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lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt÷lhNNff lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] k|fljlws sfof{nosf] tkm{ af6 tkm{ af6 tkm{ af6 x:tfIf/M x:tfIf/M x:tfIf/M gfdM gfdM gfdM kbM kbM kbM ldltM ldltM ldltM 5fkM 5fkM 5fkM
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Appendix XV: Detail Information of Affected Structure a. Private Structure
Chainage: 1+080 Structure Type: Cattle Shed Name of Owner : Ganga Devi Khatri Member (no.): 16 Food Sufficiency (Month): 9 Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): 10,000 Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): 320,000 Total Land Holding (sqm): 4,349.76 Total cost (NRs): 23,556.54
Chainage:1+870 Structure Type: Cattle shed Name of Owner :Sita Budathoki\Krishna Bdr Budathoki Family Member (no.): 9 Food Sufficiency (Month): 12 Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): 98,000 Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): 132,000 Total Land Holding (sqm): 20,539.96 Total cost (NRs): 42,480.35
Chainage: 3+660 Structure Type: Grinding Mill Name of Owner : Roj Bahadur BK (Non- interviwed) Member (no.): Food Sufficiency (Month): Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Land Holding (sqm): Rental Allowance: 21,000 Total cost (NRs): 104,542.49
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Chainage: 5+755 Structure Type: Cattle shed Name of Owner : Dev Bahdur Tamang Member (no.): 5 Food Sufficiency (Month): 6 Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): 18,000 Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): 45,000 Total Land Holding (sqm): 19,588.39 Total cost (NRs): 65,491.59
Chainage: 6+270 Structure Type: Pig and goat shed Name of Owner : Bala Bdr. Yonjan (Non-interviwed) Member (no.): Food Sufficiency (Month): Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Land Holding (sqm): Total cost (NRs): 46,055.79
Chainage: 6+290 Structure Type: Mill Name of Owner : Bala Bdr. Yonjan (Non-interviwed) Member (no.): Food Sufficiency (Month): Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Land Holding (sqm): Rental Allowance: 21,000 Total cost (NRs):115,409.37
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Chainage: 7+345 Structure Type: Cattle Shed Name of Owner : Bala Bdr.Khadka Member (no.): 7 Food Sufficiency (Month): 6 Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): 35,000 Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): 50,000 Total Land Holding (sqm): 11,450.62 Total cost (NRs): 52,115.93
Chainage: 11+670 Structure Type: Hut Name of Owner: Krishna Bdr. Magar (Non-interviwed) Member (no.): Food Sufficiency (Month): Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Land Holding (sqm): Rental Allowance: 21,000 Total cost (NRs): 89,570.89
Chainage:11+670 Structure Type: House Name of Owner: Bhagat Lama (Non-interviwed) Member (no.): Food Sufficiency (Month): Total Agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Non-agricultural Income (NRs.): Total Land Holding (sqm): Rental Alloowance: 21,000 Total cost (NRs): 269,390.51
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b. Community Structure
Structure Type: Tap Stand Location: Makadum, Sahu Tole Chainage: 1+050 Total cost (NRs): 35,905.14
Structure Type: Tap Stand Location: Makadum, Budhathoki tole Chainage: 2+100 Total cost (NRs): 35,905.14
Structure Type: Intake, Storage tank Tap Stand Location: Lispati, Khadadevi Chainage: 9+215 Total cost (NRs): 206,903.32
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Structure Type: Shiddha Water pond and Kuwa Location: Makadum, below Shiddha Mandir Chainage: 1+580 Total cost (NRs): 304,564.08
Structure Type: Patle water scheme Location: Khadadevi, Patle Chainage: 5+920 Total cost (NRs): 360,424.60
Structure Type: Intake and Storage tank Location: Patle Khola, Khadadevi Chainage: 6+800 Total cost (NRs): 170,227.29
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Appendix XVI: Grievance Reddress Mechanism
a. Grievance Reddress Committee Formation
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a. Grievance Reddress Form
Sample Grievance Intake Form Name of Project
Project ____ welcomes complaints, suggestions, comments and queries regarding the project implementation and its stakeholders. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback.
Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing "(CONFIDENTIAL)" above your name.
Thank you.
Contact Information Name Gender Male Female Home Address Age Phone No City/District Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details(who ,what where and how) of your grievance below:
How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?
Portion to be fillup by staff: Date received: Received through: Name of Staff who receive comment/complaint Position of staff: Type of Grievance; Remarks Signature of Staff
Update on the case: Date: Update
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Appendix XVII: Photographs
Plate 1. Starting Point at Goganpani, Plate 2. Laxman Saibari Community Forest Makadum VDC along road
Plate 3. Vehicles are plying along Plate 4. End Point of road at Galba road bazaar
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