The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity VIRTUAL EVENT July 25-30, 2021 FINAL PROGRAM Current as of July 14, 2021

This conference is sponsored by the Materials Processing & SPONSORED BY: Manufacturing Division and the Shaping and Forming Committee. www.tms.org/ICTP2021 2 FINAL PROGRAM SCHEDULE Honorary Symposia Keynote Speakers. . Conference Details. . Conference Organziers. . Welcome. . TABLE OF CONTENTS recorded. Please watch thesepresentations inadvancerecorded. of theQ&A sessionsandcome prepared with questions. Keynote presentations will belive with a webinar-style Contributed andinvited Q&A. presentations are pre- Contributed andinvited oral andposter presentations available to view on-demand Virtual platform access opensfor registrants Virtual platform access remains openfor registrants through August 31. 10:20 -11:20a.m.EDT 10:20 -11:20a.m.EDT 10:20 -11:20a.m.EDT 10:20 -11:20a.m.EDT 10:20 -11:20a.m.EDT 10:15 -10:20a.m.EDT 10:15 -10:20a.m.EDT 10:15 -10:20a.m.EDT 10:15 -10:20a.m.EDT 10:15 -10:20a.m.EDT 7:30 -9:00a.m.EDT 7:30 -9:00a.m.EDT 7:30 -9:00a.m.EDT 7:30 -9:00a.m.EDT 7:30 -9:00a.m.EDT 9:15 -10:15a.m.EDT 9:15 -10:15a.m.EDT 9:15 -10:15a.m.EDT 9:15 -10:15a.m.EDT 9:15 -10:15a.m.EDT 9:00 -9:15a.m.EDT 9:00 -9:15a.m.EDT 9:00 -9:15a.m.EDT 9:00 -9:15a.m.EDT 9:00 -9:15a.m.EDT The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) On yourown . . Use the TimeZone Converter to translateeventtimesintoyourlocaltimezone. The scheduleisinEastern Daylight Time (UTC-4:00). Introduction, awards ceremony, &keynote presentation Virtual platform orientation Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Keynote presentations Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Keynote presentations Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Keynote presentations Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Keynote presentation &closingceremony Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Breakouts: Q&A sessionsfor oral presentations Break Friday, July 30, to Tuesday, August 31,2021 Wednesday, July 28,2021 Wednesday, July 21,2021 Thursday, July 29, 2021 Tuesday, July 27, 2021 Monday, July 26,2021 Sunday, July 25,2021 Friday, July 30, 2021 8 3 3 4 5 Technical Program Meeting Policies. . Sponsorship. . Index. . . . On-demand On-demand On-demand Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live 58 9 8 8 FINAL PROGRAM 3 WELCOME www.tms.org/ICTP2021 Remove you Remove that others Notify Distractions. are at a conference. listen Actively client. Set e-mail your message in your out-of-office as if during the presentations, notes and take in person. attending were you possible, listen Whenever Time. Real in Attend scheduled their at presentations keynote to to prior presentations other watch time and ask able to are you session so that the Q&A in discussions. questions and engage Relax, and miss something, you If Enjoy! don’t worry. One of the benefits of of recordings access to ability is the event a virtual the to access have You the presentations. the through and the proceedings recordings 2021. August end of TIPS FOR PARTICIPATING IN THE THE IN PARTICIPATING TIPS FOR EVENT VIRTUAL 1) 2) 3) COMMITTEE ADVISORY 2021 ICTP USA University, Jian Cao, Northwestern USA University, The Ohio State Glenn Daehn, USA Hampshire, New of , University Kinsey Brad of University Technical , Tekkaya Erman Dortmund, Germany Japan , Gifu University, Yoshida Yoshinori CONFERENCE ORGANIZERS CONFERENCE Welcome Welcome to the 13th International Conference on the of Technology Plasticity (ICTP 2021). For the first time, one technology manufacturing most prestigious of world’sthe largest and conferences convenes virtually. The COVID-19 to continues year, in its second pandemic, now but it and in-person gatherings, travel restrict and scientists of the progress deter does not participants international of engineers. Hundreds of the “Olympics online for together coming are known. be to has come ICTP as Forming,” Metal technologies is among the earliest forming Metal The vast. still is its potential but humankind, of of in a place positioned is uniquely meeting knowledge, new carrying on traditions, sharing discoveries. exciting make to collaborating and committee, advisory committee, The organizing international scientific engaging in this for you thank to like committee, would andis 2021 ICTP in participation Your work. TMS important appreciated. greatly COMMITTEE ORGANIZING LOCAL USA University, The Ohio State , Culley Libby USA University, The Ohio State Glenn Daehn, USA University, The Ohio State , Vivek Anupam LEAD ORGANIZER Glenn Daehn, USA University, The Ohio State The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International Forming theFuture Glenn Daehn · Jian Cao Daehn·Jian Glenn ·Brad Kinsey·Erman Tekkaya ·Anupam Vivek · Yoshinori Yoshida Proceedings ofthe13 science toscience industrial application. groups.these Chapters cover breadth the of forming metal topics, from fundamental andscience technology, intent with the of facilitating linkages and collaborations among ment present latest their improvements and innovations of forming aspects metal in all In scientists collection, this and engineers from across industry, and academia, govern- ISBN 978-3-030-75380-1 9 7 8 3 0 3 0 7 5 th 3 International Conference onthe Technology ofPlasticity 8 0 1 Editors

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CONFERENCE DETAILS

FUTURE

Tekkaya • Vivek • Yoshida • Vivek • Tekkaya

1 Plasticity of Technology the on Conference

FORMING THE THE FORMING Daehn • Cao • Kinsey • Cao • Daehn International International Proceedings of the 13 the of Proceedings th your registration confirmation. Enter your order number, found at thetop of DOWNLOAD ICTP 2021PROCEEDINGS e-mailing bottom right corner of thescreen or by support team by usingthechat tool inthe the virtual platform, contact theBravura event platform. If you needassistance using ICTP 2021ishosted ontheBravura virtual TECHNICAL SUPPORT ICTP2021/Connect following linkinto abrowser: www.tms.org/ here to enter theconference or enter the first login to the conference platform. Click To participate inICTP 2021, you will needto GETTING STARTED • • The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) FORMING THE FUTURE FORMING THE Glenn Daehn• Jian Cao•Brad Kinsey on the Technology of Plasticity 13 confirmation. order number found on your registration Enter Password: This is your unique address you usedfor registration. Enter Login Name: This isthee-mail ErmanTekkaya Anupam Vivek• th International Conference Proceedings of the Yoshinori Yoshida EDITED BY [email protected].

ICTP2021Proceedings. https://www.tms.org/at publications login page the proceedings proceedings, goto To download the until August 31,2021. proceedings publication to theICTP 2021 free electronic access All registrants receive >> Accessibility andtoggle Live Caption Off. To stop Live Caption, openSettings >> Advanced appear once speakingbegins. video content and play a video. Captions should Toggle Live Caption to Open Settings >> Advanced >> Accessibility. Caption intheChrome browser. Access closedcaptioning by usingGoogle Live CLOSED CAPTIONING programming, contact [email protected]. right corner of thescreen. For questionsabout support team by usingthechat tool in the bottom For additional technical support,contact theBravura • • • optimal participation: The following practices are recommended for VIRTUAL MEETINGSETTINGS • • take place duringMonday’s introduction: Announcements for the following awards will AWARDS sessions. Refer to thescheduleto participate. 2021. Live discussions are 31, scheduled forAugust on breakout ends and 2021 21, July on begins pre-recorded andavailable on demand. Access The contributed andinvited presentations are CONTRIBUTED AND INVITEDPRESENTATIONS Refer to thescheduleto participate. webinar-style question-and-answer sessions. Keynote speakers will give live presentations with KEYNOTE SPEAKERPRESENTATIONS office response for e-mail. Minimize distractions;consider anout-of- session. Mute your audiosettings before joininga version. Google Chrome browser; usethelatest ICTP Award for Young Researchers Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity Development inPrecision Forging (JSTP) International Prize for Research & Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity On. Open a new tab with FINAL PROGRAM 5 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 KEYNOTE SPEAKERS KEYNOTE , Bouchard Pierre-Olivier France Mines ParisTech, Ductile of Modeling ”Numerical of State Forming: during Metal Damage Challenges” Art and Future the methods to manufacture nanostructured nanostructured manufacture to methods These metals. hcp containing composites as part of deformation plastic exploit techniques to potential the and have process the synthesis suitable sizes and in forms product manufacture We applications. structural high-performance for modeling in this presentation highlight further and experimental effortsto understand linkages local nanostructure, the processed between mechanical mechanisms, and deformation performance. Tuesday | 7:30 a.m. | July 27, 2021 27, July | 7:30 a.m. | Tuesday of prediction studies, the numerous Despite forming during metal ductile damage and failure in investigations needs further still processes Ductile loading paths. complex for particular through addressed is usually damage analysis damage coupled or criteria failure uncoupled on either rely approaches models. Both phenomenological on or bases micromechanical these of a short review After considerations. different approaches, the talk will focus on the damage analysis to related main complexities and rate Strain processes. forming during metal temperature effects, complex multiaxial stress loading and cyclic non-proportional states, given with examples be addressed will conditions finite micro-scale a whereas scale, process the at get to also be presented will framework element the physical some of of understanding a better loading mechanisms arising in such complex conditions. , Beyerlein Irene California, of University Barbara, USA Santa High- Making for Plasticity “Using Nanostructured Performance Sudarsanam Babu, Sudarsanam USA Knoxville, Tennessee, of University America’s Vision for A “Vision 2030: & Enterprise and Engineering Science Manufacturing” Advanced to Relevance Superior structural properties of materials materials of properties structural Superior in harsh environments, desired generally are strain high the temperatures, elevated as such Composite impact, and irradiation. of rates stacks of with alternating built nanolaminates, with nanoscale individual each layers, metal these of many exhibit to proving are thickness, In principle, the nanolaminate properties. target system; bimetallic any applied to can be concept applied to widely been not have they however, materials with a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) lies in their The roadblock structure. crystal In behavior. deformation anisotropic complex, developed discuss recently we this presentation, Composites” 28, 2021 July | 7:30 a.m. | Wednesday The NSB’s Vision 2030 lays out actions to achieve achieve to actions out lays 2030 Vision NSB’s The the four goals. (1) Foster a America Global that sure Make Community: Engineering Science and avoid the table to and is at partner is a reliable being technologically surprised. (2) Expand the Geography of Innovation: Do opportunities more and jobs to across create the Deliver country. Benefits (3) from Research: return to U.S. taxpayers from Enhancethese investments the and empower this Achieve globally. compete to entrepreneurs the nation’s enterprise inclusive a more ensure to way in a goal businesses and and diverse S&E community. (4) Develop STEM Talent for America: on developing heavily must focus nation our Over the America’s next STEM talent, decade, educational all at workforce STEM-capable a and including researchers Ph.D. to workers skilled technical from levels, science of In addition, the role researchers. to with reference plasticity of and technology be outlined. will manufacturing advanced Friday | 7:30 a.m. | July 30, 2021 30, July | | 7:30 a.m. Friday The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 6 FINAL PROGRAM KEYNOTE SPEAKERS presented, which cover loading path algorithms, technologies for ISF industrial application will be investigations onISF fundamentals andthe increased formability. Intheplenary talk,recent in reduced process leadtimeandcost, and or customized sheet metal partsandhaspotential promising low-batch fabricating in process flexible forming a is (ISF) forming sheet Incremental Thursday |7:30a.m. July 29, 2021 Industrial ApplicationTechnologies” presented. polycrystalline FCC, BCC andHCP materials are the prediction of formability of singlecrystals and generalized invariants andtheir application to three- dimensional yield criteria expressed interms of full of examples Illustrative specified. is anisotropic coefficients anisotropy of number respective minimum the their with generalizations. This framework ensures that J3 and J2 yield functioncanbeobtained simply by replacing invariants, theanisotropic form of any anisotropic isotropic these Using theorems, developed. been have J2 invariants anisotropy plastic for account representation to as isotropic such J3 and the of general generalizations Using of mechanical properties. terms in expressible directly not are coefficients stress tensors andassuchtheanisotropy written interms of eigenvalues of transformed have beendeveloped, generally suchcriteria are criteria yield 3-D advanced more industry.While criterion and Hill orthotropic criterion are used in from simpletests, generally von Misesisotropic is forming processes. Dueto theeaseincalibration deformation ofplastic essential for high-fidelity onset numerical predictions of the defining An accurate description of the yield surface Tuesday |8:15a.m. July 27, 2021 The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) Sheet Forming: From Fundamentals to “Recent Investigations onIncremental Shanghai, China Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Jun Chen, Applications to Metal Forming” Deformation of Textured Metals with “Recent Advances onModeling Plastic University of Florida-REEF, USA Oana Cazacu,

practices. forms of joint research, businessmodelsor social kind of innovation includesnew organizational This field. the in application through technique a exploration andhappensinthedevelopment of often innovation isdriven by thedemandsof Quite this. for needed are participants different of diverse transfer relationships between as scientists. Productive interaction networks of our knowledge, our powers and our methods and more concentration andmutual inspiration Dealing with global challengesrequires more sometimes itisbasedonchances of serendipity. And regions. different beyond even and sectors relies frequentlyon collaborations between disciplines, across Innovation place: one in time and application andhence rarely happenat one occur inconstant interaction between knowledge Innovation processes are not one-way streets but to solutions acute problems? innovative needed urgently finds for creative, excellent top-level research that to answer them. But what are the prerequisites excellent, innovative research at thehighestlevel and highly complex questionsarisethat require pandemics, climate change,or digitization urgent In the context of global challenges, such as an outlookaboutISF will bemadeas well. and several industrial application cases.Finally, variants ISF different of mechanism deformation and forming load predictions, new variants of ISF, forming tool development, surface roughness Monday |7:30a.m. July 26,2021 Research” “InnovationsCollaborative Through Germany Leibniz Association, Matthias Kleiner,

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www.tms.org/ICTP2021 KEYNOTE SPEAKERS KEYNOTE Christopher Schuh, Christopher of Institute Massachusetts USA Technology, Microparticle of “The Fundamentals and Alloys, Bonding in Metals, Impact Advanced Materials” Advanced 28, 2021 July | | 8:15 a.m. Wednesday manufacturing materials of variety a are There achieve to impacts on kinetic rely that technologies including, notably, build-up, material additive transfer. forward and laser-induced spray cold these manufacturing of The unit processes material of quantities small involve paradigms (micrometer scale particles) and extremely high a involve events impact the so km/s), (~ velocities the at mysteries physical fundamental of number will talk This mechanics. materials of extremes overview our efforts at developing quantitative such impacts, involving study to in-situ methods strain rates up to about 108 the launch and observe to platform test optical s-1. Using an all- on the insight provide able to are we impacts, shock and spall, bond formation, mechanics of a exploring systematically By wear. and erosive range of materials with differentproperties, we of physics controlling the of a picture develop properties which includes mechanical bonding, (elastic and plastic), thermal properties (related to adiabatic heat), and surface Thefilms. will talk and metals pure of variety on a work our review on view a also provide will and engineering alloys like materials arise in advanced issues that new glasses. metallic

, Kuboki Takashi Electro-Communications, of University Japan Fabricating and Forming “Tube Society Contributing for Technologies Technologies for forming and fabricating tubes and fabricating forming for Technologies of the development to been contributing have roles great have and evolve and should society related the problems considering in the future, Tubes and aging population. the environment to weight a unit for high rigidity of advantages have components light-weight manufacture and could would tubes Miniature transport equipment. for aging society. in the front the medical at be useful the potential have on tubes The technologies and these problems solving to contribute to sustainable societies. realizing This paper introduces the authors’ technologies and reviews others’ and air include hydro The technologies tubes. recent technologies forming bending, micro forming, rotary forming, on qualitatively are technologies These on. so and evaluated in terms of conflicting characteristics, productivity, strength, formability, as such technologies Some miniaturization. and flexibility are emerging to some improve of the conflicting realizing the same time for at characteristics products. the formed of performances excellent Thursday | 8:15 a.m. | July 29, 2021 29, July | 8:15 a.m. | Thursday by Tackling Problems of Environment and Aging Aging and Environment of Problems Tackling by Population” The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International HONORARY SYMPOSIA

Taylan Altan, The Ohio State University, USA Yasuhisa Tozawa, Nagoya University, Japan Key Organizer: Eren Billur, Billur Metal Form, Key Organizers: Takashi Ishikawa, Chubu Turkey University, Japan Niels Bay, Technical University of Denmark, Yoshinori Yoshida, Gifu University, Japan Denmark Rob Wagoner, The Ohio State University, USA Key Organizer: Paulo Martins, University of Key Organizer: Hojun Lim, Sandia National Lisbon, Portugal Laboratories, USA Xue Yu Ruan, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China Zhongren Wang, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Organizer: Jun Chen, Shanghai Jiao Tong China University, China Key Organizers: Shijian Yuan, Harbin Institute of Technology, China Gang Liu, Harbin Institute of Technology, China

SPONSORSHIP

TMS would like to thank the following sponsor for their support of the event:

Grotnes is an innovative manufacturer of customized and integrated metal forming equipment and cells for the automotive, aerospace, agriculture, petroleum, power distribution, rigid packaging, appliance/tank and forging industries. Grotnes’ proven engineered solutions, such as expanding, shrinking, rotary roll forming, spinning, and emission canning, have been used for over a century. Grotnes supports its equipment globally and performs full retrofits and rebuilds in addition to providing spare parts. The Formitt Metal Labs division also supports our customers with prototyping and production services capabilities. www.grotnes.com

MEETING POLICIES

By registering for this meeting, attendees accept the LANGUAGE terms of the TMS Privacy Policy and agree to abide The meeting and all presentations and program by TMS policies, including the Meetings Code of materials will be in English. Conduct and the TMS Anti-Harassment Policy. For additional information on policies related to TMS CURRENCY events, visit the TMS Meetings Policies page and the All meeting fees are expressed in U.S. dollars Code of Conduct portal. A complete listing of Society (USD). policies can be accessed through the Society Bylaws ACCESS TO RECORDED PRESENTATIONS AND & Policies section of the TMS website. PROCEEDINGS AFTER THE CONFERENCE REFUNDS Please note that registrants will have access to all The deadline for all refunds was June 17, 2021. No recorded presentations from ICTP 2021 through refunds will be issued at the congress. Fees and August 31, 2021. Log in to the conference platform tickets are nonrefundable. at any time after the conference has ended to view content. The proceedings publication will also

FINAL PROGRAM FINAL TIME ZONES be available for registrants to download through Unless otherwise noted, all times for this August 31, 2021. After that time, standard pricing conference and related events will take place in will take effect. the local time zone, EDT (UTC/GMT -4 hours). Use a tool like the Time Zone Converter to translate event times into your local time zone.

8 The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 9 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 Current as of July 14, 2021 14, July as of Current July 25-30, 2021 25-30, July

VIRTUAL EVENT VIRTUAL

www.tms.org/ICTP2021

on the Technology of Plasticity of Technology on the The 13th International Conference Conference The 13th International TECHNICAL PROGRAM TECHNICAL The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 2021) (ICTP (ICTP Plasticity Plasticity of of Technology Technology on the on the Conference Conference The 13th International The 13th International 10 TECHNICAL PROGRAM research, businessmodels or social practices. This kindof innovation includesnew organizational forms of joint field. the in application through technique a ofdevelopment the in often Quite this. for innovation isdriven by needed thedemandsof exploration andhappens are participants different between Productive interaction networks of diverse transfer relationships of our knowledge, our powers andour methods asscientists. requires more andmore concentration andmutual inspiration is basedonchances of serendipity. Dealing with global challenges across sectors and even beyond different regions. And sometimes it Innovation frequently relies oncollaborations between disciplines, place: one in time one at rarelyhappen hence and application and way streets butoccur inconstant interaction between knowledge solutions to acute problems? Innovation processes are not one- innovative needed urgently finds that researchtop-level excellent level to answer them. But what are the prerequisites for creative, arise that require excellent, innovative research at thehighest change or digitization, urgent andhighly complex questions In the context of global challenges, such as pandemics, climate Association 1 Roll Forming of Cup with Curved Rotary Profile: Session Chair:G.Hirt,RWTH Aachen University Monday AM | July 26,2021|9:15-10:15 AM Agile MF I Research : Collaborative through Innovations 8:15 AM Keynote 7:30 AM Introductory Comments and Awards Ceremony Session Chair:E. Tekkaya, TU Dortmund Monday AM | July 26,2021 Monday Introduction andKeynote oe ad eel n nrae poes eiblt. Experimental reliability. process increased an reveal and model convex pyramid. Subsequently, experiments validate thenumerical accuracy when aconical tool isusedto manufacture atruncated results from numerical investigation show an improvement of the part inclined wallrestrictthe toconcept is targetangle. a to At first, dedicated angleisintroduced to IFAM. The ideabehindthistool satisfying, sothat within thepresent study, aconical tool with concave-convex parts. Thereby thegeometric accuracy was not has beenusedininteraction with pressurised air to manufacture studyfirst of new this conventional process a [1], hemispherical tool parts in oneclamping without needing acounter tool or a die. Inthe manufacturing process that creates concave-convex sheet metal flexible a is (IFAM) medium active with forming sheet Incremental he Frig ih cie Medium: Active with Forming Sheet Incremental by Parts Concave-convex of Manufacturing Flexible with curved rotary profile that meet the requirements were formed. accuracy of numerical simulation is verified by the experiment, cups three-rolls or four-rolls, andfolding isnot found after shaping. The mouth of the workpiece isrelatively even after preforming with The shaping. during folds and edge flash thin a forms which rolls, of gap the into flows metal of part and two-rolls, with performing show that themouthof the workpiece isextremely uneven after on the roll forming was studied by numerical simulation. The results press to form curved rotary profile of cup. Influence of roller number rolls andaset of shapingrolls ismounted onthedrawing hydraulic proposed. That is,aroll is forming equipment with aset of preformingforming roll of method new a profile, rotary curved with cup of In order to improve the production efficiency and material utilization Wei Leuphana University of Lüneburg 1 ; X. Zhao ; X. The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; 1 North University of China S. Thiery M. Kleiner B. Zhang 1 ; N.BenKhalifa 1 1 ; ; B.Hu 1 Leibniz 1 ; C. 1 ; . Pidvysots’kyy V. M. Merklein intothe provided. insight further study, deformation mechanismduringtheultrasonic-assisted MISF was this Through (EBSD). diffraction was examined stages opticalthroughthe electron back-scattermicroscopethe (OM) and forming and conditions forming under parts different formed the of texture) and misorientation size, grain (e.g. evolution microstructure the Furthermore,system. correlation during which thestrainevolution was recorded by thedigital image a seriesof experiments for ultrasonic-assisted ISF was performed depth deviation of the adjacent stage should be decreased. Then, shapes were designedfor the MISF in which the wall angleand final and intermediate initial, the First, analysis. microstructure the onthe novel vibration ultrasonic MISF process andreveal of thedeformation mechanismbasedon effects a explore to aims study is This (MISF) through aseriesof forming processes usinggenericforming tools. forming sheet manufacturing process in which complex 3D shapes can be formed incremental Multi-stage University eomto Aayi i Utaoi-sitd Multi-stage Ultrasonic-assisted in IncrementalFormingSheet : Analysis Deformation incremental dielessdrawing technology. obtained data were used in the practical implementation of the and numerical modelingof dielessdrawing were performed. The of technological plasticity and wire surface roughness physical estimation For performed. were alloy CuZn37 and copper of tests on the stress strain, strainrate andtemperature. For flow thispurpose,plastometric the of dependence the of analysis an of basis The deformation parameters ineachpassare determined onthe strain rate sensitivity of flow stress should be positive and significant. pass incremental deformation. Moreover, ineachpass, strain and The method. drawing proposed technology isbasedontheimplementation of amulti- conventional a by obtained microns) (100 dieless drawing. The workpeace for dielessdrawing isathin wire and brass wires isproposes. The proposed process copper isbasedonthe ultrafine of production the for process new a study the In 2 h Dees rwn Poes o te lnain f Ultrafine of Elongation the for CopperBrass and Wire : Process Drawing Dieless The mechanical properties. process isshown, with acharacterization of thegeometrical and the subsequent application of thetailored blanksinacalibration is usedto present new manufacturingapproaches. Furthermore, mm 2.0 = t0 of thickness sheet initial an with DC04 steel drawing involute gearing cavities is introduced. In this paper the mild deep In order to increase theintricacy, anew designthat contains of functionalproperfilling elements.a die ensureto manufactured, only geometries with ahomogenouslocal material thickening were manufacturing for process tailored blanksto improve rolling thecomponents properties.Heretofore, flexible a of application the is the advantages of sheet- andbulkforming operations. One approach functional class of sheet-bulk-metal complex forming was developed, which combines of further reduction of production greenhouse gases. Therefore, thenew process efficient components inshortprocess chainsisimportant dueto thegoal the of a Nowadays, auatrn o Tioe Bak wt Pesae Involute Pre-shapeda Sheet-bulk Metal Forming Process: with Blanks Gearings by Using a Flexible Rolling Process and Its Application in Tailored of Manufacturing close thepaper andunderlinethefeasibility of thetool concept. investigations of truncated convex cones andconcave-convex parts Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy 1 ; 1 Institute of Manufacturing Technology 2 ; 1 G Uiest o Sine n Technology; and Science of University AGH A. Milenin Z. Cheng 1 ; P. Kustra M. Vogel 1 ; Y. Li 1 1 ; F. Li ; M. Wróbel; 1 ; R.Schulte 1 ; J. Li ; J. 1 ; 1 ; M.Packo 1 Shandong 1 ; O. Kaya 1 1 ; ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 11 ; B. ; C. 1 1 ; T. Glaser ; T. 1 ; E. Kiziltas 1 ETH 2 S. Fahle MIT; MIT; 1 E. Tamer E. ; 2 ; D. Mohr ; D. 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 Lehrstuhl Lehrstuhl für Produktionssysteme Ruhr-Universität 1 ; Borcelik Steel Industry Trade Inc. Trade Industry Steel Borcelik 1 1 ; 1 Material Material card generation has a significant role the mechanical behavior to estimate accurate deformation for in finite characterizing used this, the most commonly to Regarding analysis. element due test tension is the uniaxial metals sheet for test characterization mechanical The standards. testing well-defined and simplicity its to by can be determined strength tensile such as ultimate properties the can strain reach tensile level to tests. a However, value specific finite forming cold in reached levels strain to compared as with low is which optimized is data experimental the paper, this In operations. experimental between a good consistence and analysis element is used optimization Parameter is achieved. results and simulation as a guiding tool to extend strain levels according to 3 mechanical equations: Swift, Hockett-Sherby, Combined material model. The graphs and optimized with the detailed is designed interface user tool. MATLAB with the help of parameters On the Potential of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict : M. Gorji Metal Sheet of Plasticity the Big Data AM 10:15 26, 2021 | 9:15 - July AM | Monday Technology of Institute M. Gorji, Massachusetts Session Chair: Development of Mechanical Cards for of Finite Mild Steels by Parameter : Optimization Element Analysis Bochum domains different in models learning machine of potential great The research initial upon Based years. recent in shown been has regarding preprocessing methods for time series classification in this paper ring rolling, radial-axial of technology forming the hot takes the next step to further investigate the suitability of different machine learning models for a several implementing This is done by ring. a formed of classificationovality task regarding the learning machine in domain classification series time the of models rothe thyssenkrupp of data production and training them on actual erde Germany. The data set consists of differentproduction days and ring geometries. Differentexperiments will be performed, the interpretability performance, regarding be analyzed will results Thus a suitable model environment. in the production and usability a for which is essential be investigated, will task the underlying for deployment. model future Neural networks provide a potentially viable alternative to to viable alternative a potentially provide networks Neural differential equation based constitutive deformation describe the large to is developed model network models. Here, neural a response of the non-quadratic Yld2000-2d material. sheet in yield model hardening) anisotropic criterion (homogeneous HAH along Using conventional return-mapping scheme, virtual experiments random reversal for data stress-strain generate to performed are a basic Subsequently, loading paths. biaxial and monotonic is trained model network neural and recurrent feed-forward The experiments. virtual the from using the results validated and agreement good remarkably show network” “shallow a for results with all experimental data. The identifiedin basic und used subroutine material user a into is implemented neural network model shear in-plane and tension notched as such simulations structural neural of potential the demonstrating In addition to experiments. metals, of plasticity modeling the rate-independent for networks strain-rate involving problems complex more to application their is discussed. effects and temperature Investigation of Rolling: Machine Ring Radial-axial in Task Learning Classification Models for a Time Series Seyalioglu Kuhlenkötter ; ; 1 2 Tongji Tongji 1 ; 1 ; A. Shmuel 1 ; J. Lin ; R. Matsumoto 1 1 ; G. Harpaz 1 ; J. Min 1 ; T. Miura ; T. Osaka University 1 2 Y. Liu Y. A. Shirizly A. W. Jiang W. University of Fukui; Fukui; of University 1 ; 1 ; M. Otsu 1 Rafael The open-die forging/upsetting of bulk material The plastic strain caused major high plastic deformation. involves to cone shape Aim characteristics. and metallurgical changes in the mechanical change, characteristics those of understanding better gain to models and numerical analytical by plane followed experimental and the properties The material and established. developed were friction condition (with several lubricants) the were process measured modeling. prior A Lower bound) analytical were models simulate the (upper forging forces bound and finite compere element and to model. The models support experimental work using C101 copper. The preform and samples were compere to the the Forming by and strain caused grid pattern by etched surface pattern flow the while, changes, grid the due measured Operations and numerical material using a resemble and compered inspected experimental between found were model. Good comparison models. and the theoretical results Penetrating Tool Path : Direction Alternating Tool Friction Stir Incremental Forming Using 1 Robotic Robotic Roller Forming Geometrical Process Defect of : Edge Waves and Strategies to Eliminate In order to improve limit of forming height in penetrating tool tool in penetrating height forming limit of improve to In order direction path tool alternating forming, incremental stir friction a at rotated was tool a forming In this method, proposed. was in a path along a tool moved was and tool clockwise direction alternatively. direction, and counter-clockwise clockwise direction Pure aluminum sheets which size is 200 mm x 200 limit in shape. Forming conical a truncated into formed mm were x 2 mm in alternating change obtained volume and distributions of height compared. were direction path and solo tool direction path tool accuracy forming and conditions working formable Repeatability, was limit in height forming the results, From also investigated. were The path. tool the conventional by than that improved dramatically friction stir tool penetrating parts by the formed of accuracy forming the by than that better was path tool with the proposed incremental forming. incremental single point conventional University Robot-based roller forming (RRF) is to robot on an industrial mounted using a roller process forming a new dieless and flexible form sheet metal products by a number of passes with predefined tool paths. In this study, RRF by angle right a having specimens bent to formed DP590 initially (dual-phase) steel sheets were observed at with were the 3 flange defects passes, and wave edge of the DP590 specimens. Finite element analysis was reproduce the According to edge waves. finite element simulation, utilized to to due edges flange the at generated are strains plastic longitudinal in severe which results stresses, and compressive tensile excessive waves. edge reduce to introduced are strategies Two waves. edge One is to optimize forming parameters, and the effectsof forming on longitudinal the roller of direction and moving angle increment peak strains at the flange edgeswere evaluated. Another strategy the where RRF, in heating laser apply to is waves edge reduce to demonstrate Experiments roller. the of front in always is spot heating with waves edge and forces forming reduces heating laser that passes. forming fewer Cone: Copper of Forging Open-die M. Okada The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 12 TECHNICAL PROGRAM X. Hu Bambach hn h sri apiue s .6, .0 ad .0, h mean the 0.40%, and 0.30% 0.16%, is relaxation. amplitude stress strain the mean When obvious exhibits material test the R=0.5, strength is about 4.8% larger than that under uniaxial tension. When is obtained by theincremental step test, andthecorresponding yield hardening at higher strainamplitudes. The cyclic stress-strain curve the strain amplitudeandcycles. by This test material tends to show cyclic affected are features hardening/softening cyclic the and that hardening/softening cyclic the mean stress relaxation features are revealed. and The results show studied, are ratios strain (R=-1,0.5) different with loading cyclic strain-controlled under performed. The cyclic elastoplastic deformation characteristics equipment, corresponding straincyclic loadingtests were 20Mn5, which is a commonly used steel in load bearing mechanical safety. Inorder to study thecyclic mechanical properties of GS- elements for thereasonable andaccurate assessment of structural plastic mechanical properties of thestructural steel are thekey plastic deformation maybe occur. In this case, the cyclic elastic- mechanical structure under repeated loading,andeven local small load, local highstress phenomenontends to beappeared inthe Due to thecommon discontinuity of thestructure andnon-uniform University xeietl td o Uixa Sri Cci Bhvo o GS- of Behavior Cyclic 20Mn5: Strain Uniaxial on Study Experimental Session Chair:Y. Lou, Xi’an Jiaotong University Monday AM | July 26,2021|9:15-10:15 AM Loading I of Metals under Proportional andNon-proportional Characterization of Plasticity andDuctileFracture as Networks Neural and Regression Surrogates for Sensor Linear Modeling on a Deep Drawn Part: of Comparison Point Phenomena within Yield Finite Element Undergoing Analysis: Metals for Model Surrogates Network Neural model accuracy increases by usingneural networks. outperform complex models.No evidence was found that the in andlocal blankholder forces. Results show that simple models parameters aspredictors to estimate thetarget parameters draw- as neural networks for regression. wellThese models use process as models linear evaluate and fit to used are datapoints The in AutoForm. simulation element datais finite stochastic a training by work, generated Inthis manner. efficient in the targets computationally on a parameters process of is required influence the model predict to surrogate low-fidelity a process, drawing the optimum. Whereas thesimulation provides anaccurate model of infer a tryout proposal by comparison with the simulated robust parameters based on characteristic measurement quantities and deals with asimulation basedmethod to discover work thecurrent state Recent tryout. tool during modifications determining Several developments indeepdrawing aimat systematically surrogate model captures thematerial behavior remarkably well. measured data. It will beshown that thetrainedneural network the with simulations calculated stress-strain response compared to the experimentally FEA within model surrogate a as used then for various temperatures andstrainrates. The neural network is constitutive response for thetungsten-tantalum alloy system not available. Inthis work, aneural is network istrainedusingthe phenomenon) point yield the (i.e., points yield lower and upper a mathematical constitutive model for BCC metals that show the complexity of themodel andsimulation time.For example, wide rangeof behavior found inreal materials without increasing the casethat simplematerial modelsare unableto capture the excellent in simulations andmaterial constitutive models.However, results itisoften yielded has agreement with experiments for (FEA) a wide rangeof mechanical analysis element Finite 1 ; X. Sun ; X. The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) Z. Zou 1 ; 1 ETH Zurich 1 ; 1 ; S.Han 1 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 ; H. Wang; 1 ; Q. Li 1 ; B.Guo 1 ; S.Zhao J. Allen M. Ryser 1 1 ; ; J. Cheng 1 Yanshan 1 ; M. 1 ; 1 Zhang Experimental Study on the In-plane Torsion Test for Sheet Metal: safety. can GS-20Mn5 of provide reference for theanalysis andevaluation performance of thestructural mechanical cyclic obtained the loading, cyclic under deformation plastic small local with 20Mn5 -6 and MPa, respectively. MPa For the mechanical -3 equipment made of GS- MPa, 25 about at stabilizes then decreases stress tan adnn o A58- Cnieig tan ae and Rate Strain Considering AA5182-O Effect : Temperature of Hardening Strain cyclic loading. at large deformation, andthekinematic hardening behavior under experimentally study thefracture inpure shear, thestrainhardening that the in-plane torsion tests are a proper testing method to kinematic hardening behavior of sheet metals. This study shows for multiplein-planetorsion test specimensto characterize the plane torsion test. Cyclic shear loadingtests are alsocarriedout angle curves. Fracture strainismeasured under shear by thein- torque-torsion experimental the with technology (FEMU) updating model element finite the by deformation large to up calibrated is behaviors of sheet metals. For specimens with slits,strainhardening plastic characterize to specimens of types different strain to used in-plane shear test. Inthisstudy, thein-planetorsion tests are avoid unwanted reaction torque compared with thetraditional In-plane torsion tests attract alot of attention recently since itcan plasticity andfracture for the WE43 Mg alloy. experimental results to evaluate their accuracy onthemodeling of predicted yield surfaces andfracture envelopes are predicted by andfracture is modeledby popular yield functionsandfracture criteria. The onyielding condition loading of effect The fracture. results indicate the effect of loading conditions on both yielding and for the stress-strain curves and fracture strain for different tests. The experimental-numerical method, experimental data are obtained shear, etc. With the digital imagecorrelation technique andahybrid states, stress complex under including uniaxial tension, planestraintension, uniaxial compression, alloy Mg WE43 of characteristics This paper investigates the deformation behavior and fracture Research Institute lsi ad rcue hrceitc o W4 M Aly Under Alloy Mg WE43 ComplexStress States : of Characteristics Fracture and Plastic computation efficiency ismuch lower thantheanalytical models. neural network compared with theconventional the models,butits by modelled accurately be can effect thermal and rate strain neural network. The results show that thestrainhardening with artificial by illustrated also is temperature and rate strain of effect with the hardening strain nonlinear high The effects. thermal and modeled by popular analytical modelsto consider thestrainrate large strainuntil fracture. The strainhardening behaviors are then are sheet properties of the alloy at different strain rate and temperature up to metal AA5182-O A notched specimenisusedto characterize thestrainhardening of properties experimentally studiedandanalytically modelledinthisresearch. hardening Strain University Xi’an Jiaotong University; Jiaotong Xi’an 1 ; Y.Lou 1 ; 1 Xi’an Jiaotong University H. Shang P. Wu P. 2 SouthwestTechnology Engineering and 1 ; C.Zhang 1 ; P.; Wu 1 1 ; Y.Lou ; Y.Lou 1 ; Q. Chen 1 ; 1 ia Jiaotong Xi’an 2 ; H.Ning C. 2 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 13 S. ; A. 1 Friedrich- 1 ; 1 Z. Brunson Georgia Institute Institute Georgia 2 ; M. Merklein 1 A. Horn www.tms.org/ICTP2021 The University of Tokyo of The University Colorado School of Mines; of Colorado School 1 1 ; 1 ; 1 ; M. Wakin 2 ; J. Yanagimoto J. ; 1 Stebner of Technology of and components of weight the reduce striving to industry With every power, and solar wind to automotive and aerospace from structures are behavior and asymmetric with anisotropic materials structural description efficient and accurate an Since popular. more becoming deformation the describe both to elastic limit is necessary the of during manufacturing and anisotropic pressure-insensitive for yield criterion a new propose the finalyield orthotropic solids. Previous asymmetric component and anisotropically strength, we the for implicit description using a fully extended were criteria anisotropy in both the strengths and strength (asymmetry). differential effects This provides for symmetry lower to and applications materials orthotropic for shear the modeling of of world the explore will This presentation as triclinic. such materials asymmetry in yielding, and asymmetric anisotropic models of implicit and explicit experimental provide and yield criterion, proposed our introduce applications. various case studies for To study the dynamic softening behaviors of 5083 aluminum alloys 5083 aluminum alloys of behaviors the dynamic softening study To under hot compression, hot compression tests of 5083 aluminum were microstructures initial and homogenized extruded with alloys conducted at strain rate ranging from 0.1 to and 10/s deformation curves The ranging obtained 350 flow from temperatures to 450°C. than those lower were microstructure initial a homogenized under under an extruded initial microstructure, suggesting that different initial microstructures lead to different processes. microstructure Electron evolution backscatter diffraction The characteristics process. (EBSD) evolution the microstructure observe was used to particle-stimulated dynamic recrystallization, continuous of were dynamic recrystallization and conventional recrystallization confirmed. The experiments deformed at the and strain rate with but strainsdifferent the temperature same showed transition from The recrystallization recrystallization. conventional to continuous mechanism of illustrated. is thus finally microstructures 5083 aluminum alloys with different initial damage nucleation and thereby macroscopic failure? Broader Broader failure? macroscopic and thereby nucleation damage will design microstructural mechanistically-guided for indications included. also be A New Criterion Describing and Anisotropy : Asymmetry Distortional for Triclinic-asymmetric Yielding: Implicitly I Behavior Constitutive AM 26, 2021 | 9:15 - 10:15 July AM | Monday Session Chair: H. Huh, KAIST Analysis of the Thermomechanical Flow Behavior of Carburized Sheet Metal in Hot : Stamping Ding Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Universität Alexander regarding restrictions due to consumption fuel of The reduction CO2 emissions is one of the major stamping hot In this context, industry. driving design in the automotive forces for lightweight the of a state to has developed steels ultra-high strength of components. manufacturing safety-relevant for art process further reduction, weight and safety passenger to With regard local the parts. Prior of optimization lies in the functional potential for variant process stamping is a new hot by followed carburization established of limitations the which overcomes properties, tailored the carburization, after carbon content varying the Due to processes. Within this contribution, properties. graded mechanical have sheets on parameters carburization and time temperature, of influence the tests tensile purpose, this For investigated. be will behavior flow the simulator be carried out in a physical will temperatures elevated at suitable a with modeled be will curves flow the and Gleeble type of law. hardening Dynamic Recrystallization Behaviors of 5083 with Aluminum Different Initial Alloys Microstructures under Compression: Hot S. H. ; T. ; T. ; 1 1 Korea Korea 2 J. J. Sheng ; A. Asgharzadeh 1 TU Dortmund University 1 Massachusetts Institute of of Institute Massachusetts 1 ; 1 S. Tiji Nazari ; The Ohio State University The Ohio State 1 1 ; 1 Southern Methodist University; 1 ; 1 ; A. Tekkaya 1 ; C. Tasan 1 ; W. Tong ; W. 1 ; F. Pourboghrat ; F. S. Wei 1 ; T. Clausmeyer ; T. 1 ; M. Alharbi ; Athale M. 2 1 Plasticity of AA7075-O extruded tube under tension-tension (T-T) and (T-T) tension-tension under tube extruded AA7075-O of Plasticity was characterized tension-compression using (T-C) multiaxial tube expansion test method. Three different yield functions, von-Mises, Hill’s 1948, and Yld2004 were considered to model the anisotropic anisotropic The T-C. and T-T under tubes AA7075-O the of plasticity stresses biaxial measured the on based calibrated were models based potential strain-rate as rates strain plastic conjugate the and is an method this calibration shown, As equivalency. work on plastic accurate and more flexibleway of calibrating the advanced yield paths. loading proportional having for necessity no with functions strain the predict functions yield three the that shown also was It strain the however, similarly, almost conditions T-C under paths of number the as better predicted are conditions T-T under paths yield functions increases. in the parameters anisotropy On Aluminum Crack Edge an Initiation Sheet : of Metal The localization of strain in conventional shear tests and in-plane tests shear strain in conventional of The localization torsion tests is analysed CP1000, DP1000, and DC04. for The influenceof material properties, three different length on and strain gauge strain hardening, such as strength, materials, namely experimentally investigated is strains shear of measurement the high- hardening weakly The approach. analytical a new and by strength complex-phase steel CP1000 shows experimental up deviations to 25% the analytical of determined strain depending and crucial to lead will devia-tions Such strategy. evaluation the on and damage models. curves fracture of the calibration for errors can tests specimen shear test in-plane torsion grooved a new By be performed without the influence of nearly exactly more the can thus be performed measurements Strain localization of strain. In behavior. the strain gauge length and hard-ening of regardless first experimental results the deviation belowis 4.6% DC04. for CP1000 0.5% for and below Heterogeneous Deformation in Explorations Strain of Localization and (a+ß) Its Deformation Governing Titanium Alloys: : Micro-events Iin-situ Evaluation Evaluation of isotropic and anisotropic constitutive plasticity models prediction on of AA7075 : Tension-Compression and extruded Tension tube under Tension- Technology two-phase in combinations microstructural diverse The in tailoring the platform enabled a profuse have titanium alloys The plastic deformation performances. mechanical corresponding significance fundamental of is phases ß and a between coordination in affecting the contribution their especially macroscopic micro-events deformation underlying load-bearing responses, deem and elusive remain still partition and localization strain to yet, the Ti- a studying by presentation, this In considerations. detailed Al-V-Fe (a+ß) alloy via integrated in-situ digital image (DIC), correlation in-situ synchrotron X-ray the following of the exploration showcase aim to we calculation, diffraction, andcrystallographic three fundamental topics: (1) what events that are governing the strain deformation localization with strain its respect micro- to localization partition plastic and/or evolve inception? (2) how affect micro-events deformation foregoing the do do how (3) straining? Park University of Technology and Education Technology of University Edge crack initiation tension, and uniaxial overall under experimentally investigated were growth in an aluminum along its RD, and shearing loading conditions plane strain tension sheet metal was criterion simple edge crack initiation A TD directions. DD and Nonlinear results. measurement strain local the from formulated finite elementwas analysis carried outto analyze the deformation operation in a hole expansion metal the same aluminum sheet of with the associate yield function quartic using a quartic polynomial crack edge and model plasticity anisotropic calibrated The rule. flow locations the predicted of in terms evaluated were criteria initiation the of in the hole expansion crack initiation necking and potential of metal. aluminum sheet Estimation : and of Strain Prevention Localization in Tests Shear Traphöner Yang The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 14 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Nürnberger Mendiguren ieai Hreig Model: Isotropic- Hardening Mixed Kinematik a Using Processes Forging Cold of Simulation n h Fraiiy n Mcaia Poete o E AW-7075: EN of B. Behrens Properties Mechanical and Duration Formability Ageing the and Natural on Rate Quenching the of Influence are presented for the thedifferent forging steps. between Comparison rates. classical isotropic strain hardening andthenew mixed hardening model different at tests torsion torsion tests at different reversal plastic strains as well as monotonic cyclic from obtained experimental data fitted with been has model material The pin. ball automotive industrial material42CrMoS4Al a the Chabochehardening model for thecold forging simulation of essential tool for process design. This study proposes theuseof an becoming is simulation element finite greater,the complexityis materials to beformed are increasingly harder andthegeometrical machining or additional operations to get tight tolerances. Because most widely usedchiplessforming processes, often requiring no into a die and squeezed with a second closed die. It is one of the Cold forging is a manufacturing process where a bar stock is inserted ultra-high strength steel sheet. grade MPa 1180 with rear member side front a of model real-size a using by confirmed trials experimental wastechniquedeveloped the of efficacy The formed. be could angle bent higher had which When induced in-plane shear deformation increased, the part deformation was clarified by experiments of small simplified model. Relationship between thebent angleof thepartandshear deformation. bending the suppressing of effect had and press direction in unconventional draw forming by obtained was step first step for shapinginto thebent part. The shear deformation inthe steps: first step for inducing in-plane shear deformation and second developing new cold press forming technique with aprocess of two wrinkle causedby bendingdeformation.We and hassucceeded in fracture from suffers sheet steel strength high with direction Press forming of automotive frameparts which bent intheheight Leibniz UniversityHannover;Leibniz vlain o Pes omn Tcnqe o Bn Automotive Bent for ShearBodyUsingIn-plane DeformationParts Technique : Forming Press of Evaluationg analysis were carriedout. microstructure and tests hardness rate, quenching the of influence were partially quenched and then artificially aged. To determine the with tailored properties was explored. For thispurpose,samples properties, anadapted process route to manufacture components mechanical resulting the influences treatment heat solution after function of theageingtime.Furthermore, since thequenchingrate investigations was to determine theformability of EN AW-7075 asa decreases dueto natural ageing.Hence, theobjective of the As theageingduration after quenching increases, theformability conventional tools can be used. However, this condition is unstable. at room temperature inthe W temper state isfavorable since in automotive bodies. Alternatively, forming blanksof these alloys suited heat treatments to fully utilize its potential for applications and forming hot of and warm of subject field the the in investigations numerous been have alloys 7xxx-aluminum years, recent In University Hannover Yamasaki The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; Y.Tamai 1 2 1 S Hübner S. ; ; ; E.de Argandoña 1 Institute of Forming Technology andMachines, 1 ; 1 JFE steel 1 ; H. Vogt 2 Institute of Materials Science, Leibniz 1 ; L. Galdos 1 Mondragon Unibertsitatea 1 ; O. Golovko 1 J Agirre J. ; Y. Fujii 2 ; S.Behrens 1 ; N. Otegi 1 ; M. Urabe M. ; 2 1 ; F. 1 J. ; ; Y. experimental validation. are currently developing alaboratory scaletooling setup for pinion shaft, hubspindle,andgearbox main shaft. The researchers of forging geometries have beensimulated including,CV joint, be presented. To will assessthe stoke viability of thistechnique, anumber forging the of end the at die the in field strain elastic of of theproposed tooling architectures which facilitate therelaxation simulationsofdies/punches. element spring-back Finitethe the to the forging from thedies. The retained contact stress isattributed are minimized or eliminated during punch ejection and release of such forging, during andpunches that theretained contact stresses at thetool-workpiece interface die the in induced field strain enhancing thetool life of forging diesby manipulating theelastic part integrity. This paper will discussanew methodology for Tool life isamajor factor inthecost of forgings, productivity, and Field duringForging : G.Ngaile Enhancing Tool Life by Manipulating the Punch & Die Elastic Strain Invited Session Chair:E.Billur, Billur Monday AM | July 26,2021|9:15-10:15 AM Taylan Altan Honorary Symposium 1 Sheet: Steel Mild of Region Strain in High Curve Stress-strain of Verification and Calibration Towards an Efficient Industrial Implementation of W-temper Implementation Alloys: Al Series 7xxx for Forming Industrial Efficient an Towards numerical results to indicate validity of thismethod. hole with large plasticstrainiscompared with experimental and is not affected by friction. The thickness strain distribution along the For validation, original holeexpansion test model isproposed, that with auniaxial tensile test machineonly asexperimental apparatus. region. The advantage of thismethod isthat itcanbeimplemented length itispossibleto obtain stress-strain relationships inhighstrain gauge small sufficiently With simulation. FE using analysis inverse gauge lengths, and stress-strain relationships were obtained by analysis, strain-loadrelationships were obtained usingmultiple image Using elongation. non-uniform generate to order in center tensile tests were conducted with a necked shape specimen at the sheet forming simulation. Inthisstudy, usingmildsteel sheets, models that mustbetaken into consideration for high-precision Stress-strain curve inhighstrainregion isoneof themostimportant and Forming TechnologyFormingIWU; and Hebbar the analyzed alloys. window for the industrial application of the W-temper forming of dependent mechanical properties determine asuitableprocess with aninlineheat treatment for seriesproduction. The process The results prove thegreat potential of thetransfer tool concept and mechanical experiments in a Gleeble simulator were rates carried out. temperature of influences deformation onmicrostructure andmechanical behavior, thermo- the analyze To methods. superior heating andcooling rates incomparison to conventional takes place inseparate contact tempering stages, which allow concept hasbeendeveloped. Heating andcooling of thesheets this study a new more In efficient and industry-orientated transfer tool inefficient. and consuming time very are routes treatment heat sheet material iscold formed after aheat treatment. Conventional in recent years. A promising approach is W-temper forming, where materialsheet aluminum series 7xxx have focusa ofbeen research Manufacturing technologies for partsmadefrom ultra-highstrength of Materials IWM Daido University 2 ; V.Psyk 1 ; A. Butz ; A. 2 ; 1 Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools H. Tsutamori 1 ; 2 Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics 1 North Carolina State University R. Tran 1 ; H.Oonishi 1 ; L.Kertsch 1 ; T.Nishiwaki 2 ; S.Marx 1 ; S. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 15 ; 1 ; J. 1 East 1 ; Lehigh Lehigh 1 2 ; 1 ; Y. Zhang ; Y. 1 ; J. Lai ; J. Plumeri 1 1 ; Y. ; Jia Y. 1 Z. Huang ; W. Misiolek ; W. 1 M. Navidirad Nanchang University Nanchang Z. Huang 2 Nanchang University Nanchang ; M. Watanabe 1 2 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; T. Christ ; T. 1 East China Jiaotong University; University; Jiaotong East China 1 ; 2 Lai Joining by Forming and Deformation I Deformation and Forming by Joining AM - 11:20 26, 2021 | 10:20 July AM | Monday and Engineering Production for Institute Groche, P. Session Chair: Machines Forming Development of Criteria for Strain Induced Oxide Layer Fracture during Cold Rolling of Aluminum: Duplex Duplex steel, aluminium alloy, carbon fiberreinforced composites lightweight the preferred become have materials and other dual of joints riveted The self-piercing automobiles. for materials phase steel DP590 and aluminium AA6061 were alloy selected for analyzed. were the joints of properties and the fatigue tests, fatigue scanning by observed were fractures failure fatigue The typical electron and microscopy(SEM), the micro failure mechanism the of properties the fatigue that show The results analyzed. was joints of self-piercing riveted joints the of fracture all are joints the of modes The failure are substrates. different withdifferent upper lower substrates. When the upper substrate is DP590 plate under The area. in the rivet initiate to easy load, the cracks are high fatigue on the side originate joints riveted self-piercing the other cracks of width of the to area along the rivet and extend plate the lower of the substrate. The fatigue loading tension-tension axial carried out by tests were aluminium alloy of self-piercing with different specimen of characteristics fracture The micro mode. riveted joints and microscopy scanning electron by analyzed was parameters of AA5052 as fretting well as property and the fatigue spectrometer, X-ray The results studied. were joint SPR mechanism of damage failure damage area in the fretting cracks occur the fatigue that show and the distribution of form The exist. concentration stress where the fretting crumbs are important factors which affect the fatigue prolongs life range, the fatigue value Within the joint. of property with the increase decrease however ratio, stress of with the increase of loading level adopted. The different fatigue rivetingdirection, property better and strength differs property between could be reverse. direction the rivet when obtained Fatigue Characteristics and Failure Mechanism of Self-piercing Riveting DP590 and AA6061 : Plates China Jiaotong University; University; Jiaotong China University as numerical well as experimentation physical of combination A investigated been has sheets aluminum of bond rolling of simulation in sulfuric anodized were the sheets of The surfaces in this study. oxide the provide to in order indigo carmine with addition of acid layer coloration as in pass has been implemented per reduction progressive A well as two develop speeds to rolling constant at experiments consecutive specified oxide different degreeof thicknesses. oxide surfaceexpansion leadingto its fracture. has been constructed process the rolling of model numerical A stress and rate, strain strain, wherein software, DEFORM-3D utilizing fieldswere calculated. The calculated localized strain distribution localized the critical determine to data experimental with reinforces deformation criteria leading to different stagesof theoxide layer microscopy as electron well as metallography fracturing. Classical fracture the oxide of the evolution evaluate used to were techniques deformation. as a function of Fretting Damage and Fatigue Property Analysis of Self-piercing Riveted Joints of AA5052 Aluminium : Alloy W. Stepniowski W. ; ; ; 1 1 2 ; K. Fong F. Bader F. 1 ; A. Trächtler 2 ; D. Kumar ; D. 1 ; C. Henke C. ; 1 The Ohio State University The Ohio State 1 S. Jirathearanat ; 1 Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Manufacturing of Institute Singapore 1 ; W. Homberg W. ; IEM-Fraunhofer ; ; 2 2 2 National University of Singapore of University National 2 ; L. Bathelt L. ; Yildiz Technical University Technical Yildiz ; A. ; Kumar 1 1 1 ; 1 Paderborn University; University; Paderborn Technology; Technology; Mathematical modeling of heat treatment processes necessitates necessitates processes treatment heat of modeling Mathematical property material such as large complexities with inherent dealing inter-parameter complex phase transformations, variations, framework mathematical A conditions. and boundary couplings temperature predicting of capable model element finite a on based of treatment phases during heat of and thus, evolution history the boron steel 22MnB5 through the inverse use of model” CCT named the “gridding model diagram This novel developed. was was integrated into the commercial FEA software MSC.Marc® by the user subroutine PlotV. Accuracy of the model was verified by as in the literature some die quenching experiments simulating Simulation in the laboratory. conducted were as those that well are couplings thermo-mechanical-metallurgical if that show results the temperature can predict model the novel modeled correctly, accuracy. with an acceptable phases of and evolution history A Vision of Numerically Controlled, Autonomous Manufacturing : G. Daehn Forming and Metal 1 Investigation of Effects of Part Features in Single Point Incremental Incremental Point Single in Features Part of Effects of Investigation Forming of Channels : Narrow Here I lay out a vision for Hybrid Autonomous Manufacturing. Manufacturing. Autonomous Hybrid vision for out a I lay Here and likes really who machinist a robot-automaton have you Imagine get to needed What’s enable? this would What deformation. knows presented. agenda are research cases and brief Use there? Innovative self-correcting process control techniques which adapt adapt which techniques control process self-correcting Innovative a promising the strip are of characteristics geometric the initial to approach to fix the an innovative presents This paper process. the leveling optimizing local varying distortion of coiled strategy to strips improve straightening by of ahss materials plastic deformation adding minimal (1.4310). leveling, implies optimized This straightening an “intelligent Therefore, and, thus, strain hardening. an operate To be presented. will which developed was machine” of online measurement machine a reliable straightening intelligent describes This paper essential. is fundamentally defects the surface strip for steel a bent of the measurement towards an approach of ways various Therefore, process. straightening an automatic tactile Optical, investigated. are measuring the bending curvature The bending with each other. compared are and the MagnaTest measurement is linked to open/closed loop control and therefore formability, of in regards result straightening an optimal providing strain hardening. and reduced leveling : H. Sheets 22MnB5 Steel Die Quenching of Analysis Element Finite Livatyali Narrow channels or ribs can be commonly found in sheet metal metal in sheet found ribs can be commonly or channels Narrow aspect ratio with high length-to-width narrow These products. functional for panels metal sheet into integrated often channels are features such as stiffenersor guide railson of various focused work This curves. of topographies, composite or line i.e. straight development of Single Point Forming Incremental (SPIF) as a cost- efficient forming alternative to stamping unique present These channels production. in short-series features embossing or of these forming challenges, i.e. varying effectsof channel splinegeometry, and geometrical on part formability section, end geometries cross accuracy. SPIF of SS316L 0.5mm-thick narrow channels with of geometries widthdifferent maximum 20mmof and its length- three to-width aspect ratio lager than 5, i.e. 1) straight channel, 2) taper channel, and 3) curvature channel, was investigated. Based on the results, experimental 5mm dia. carbide tool and 0.1mm step-down channels. these narrow of SPIF optimize to recommended was size The effectsof the different part features and theirinteractions with are and deviations on part formability parameters forming SPIF die-less narrow of development further for and analyzed presented industry. metal sheet for forming channel Self-optimized, Intelligent Open Loop Straightening Controlled Machine Steel Strip for Advanced : Formability A. Danno A. E. Djakow The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 16 TECHNICAL PROGRAM P. Groche Moreau Gehde Surface TransformationsSurface : Tribological of Mastering the for Strategy Simulation Innovative Session Chair:E.Massoni, CEMEF MINESParisTech Monday AM | July 26,2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Metal Forming Process I during Structures Pre-stressing: Metal of Sheet Utilization Hybrid of – Manufacturing Bumper to Bridge From optimized post-heating timefor amorphological homogenization. means inparticular theminimal heating timefor forming andthe as well asindicative statements to theprocess parameters, which mapping of themorphological characteristics of theriveted joint a high conformity to the experimental data and allows asimulative validation of the simulation. In summary, the numerical model shows to reality. This procedure demandstheassociated experimental to maptheheating andforming behavior of thisprocess close closed by the computer aided modeling of the hot forming staking to thesefacts, within theframe of thepaper, thesegapsare to be these thermoplasticstakingprocesses are not state-of-the-art. Due extensiveon based empirical tests. Atpresent, FE-simulationofthe applications, thejoint designandtheprocess settings are mainly forming process. However, despite of the highnumber of the industrial application, stakingisprincipally a well-established Regarding control. process simple seemingly and cost-efficient its and exterior. Commonly, theadvantages of stakingprocesses are as well asfor thejoiningof components intheautomotive interior primary used for the production of electronic and sensor elements As anon-detachable andpoint-acting joint, thermoplasticstakingis metallurgical surface transformations. the correlate to order to model in damage specific a coupled with are to reproduce able bench, testing industrial contact conditions. The mechanical variables of themodel specific a of means by obtained other handtribological data. The interfacial characteristics have been the on and hand, one the ABAQUS, on effect with hardening kinematic made considering is model FEM 3D The hardness). and stresses residual (SEM, investigations material refined and modeling FEM by case of springs. The aimof this work isto master thesetransformations conditions severe imply during forming, leadingto tribological surface transformations inthe specifications These deformation. plastic require highmechanical characteristics coupled to agoodability to specific case of suspensions parts manufacturing, the materials involved mechanical performance andoptimum lightness. Concerning the pushed car manufacturers to develop components that combine high Reducing energy consumption andimproving vehicle comfort has optr ie Mdln o te o Frig tkn Process Staking Experimentalon Based Data: Forming Hot the of Modeling Aided Computer include applications Possible bumpers andsideimpactbeams. expansion. collar’s the varying controlled by be can usage structure’s the during strength higher a The hypothesis is investigated, that a customized investigations. pre-stress andthus numerical and experimental by identified are the pre-stress influencing parameters the predominant and verified paper, is In this mechanism unloading spring-back. after different the pre-stresses to beneficial due in resulting elongated, plastically expands the collar, while the FRP strap is elastically strap is placed around two collars drawn into the sheet. A punch and sheet metals duringaforming process isproposed. The FRP pre-stress straps fiber and (FRP) reinforced join plastic toapproach joining andpre-stressing of tendons are required. Therefore, an for processes efficient well, as structures metal sheet in potential bearing capacity of bridges and buildings. In order to exploit this Pre-stressing is often used in civil engineering to increase the load Machines 1 The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ; 1 ; C.Hubert 1 Chemnitz University of Technology 1 ; 1 nttt fr rdcin niern ad Forming and Engineering Production for Institute 1 ; 1 LAMIH UMRCNRS8201 M. Dubar S. Härtel 1 ; L.Dubar 1 ; E. Brückner E. ; 1 ; H.Boungomba 1 ; B. Awiszus; H. Husmann 1 1 ; M. ; P. 1 ; P. Widomski M. Kaszuba mat f h Tmeaue il o a 3 Sel lg n its on Slug Steel C38 Simulations : a and of Experiments Thixoforging: Field Temperature the of and Impact properties magnetic on influence great mechanical properties of theblanked material. a has clearance properties are alsomeasured. The results show that theblanking to visualize thedistributionof micro-hardness. The magnetic are edges blanking examined by The theoptical microscopy andmicro-hardness punches. test of kinds 3 by test blanking via research, non-oriented electrical steel sheets are investigated magnetic properties andtheincrease of micro-hardness. Inthis as theintroduction of uneven residual stress, thedeterioration of propertygreat magnetic effecta on mechanical and property, such the non-oriented electrical steel lamination. However, blankinghas World-wide blanking is themostpopular technique for producing University oriented Electrical Steel: Electrical oriented Effect of Blanking on Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Non- evaluated. effectivenesstheir and analyzed improvementalso durabilitywere methodologies, systems andapproaches for selectingmethods of of increasing thetool life inforging processes. The available the lastseveral decadesare gathered to present thepossibilities higher wear resistance. Inthis work, theresults of many studiesfrom techniques ononetool inorder to synergistically interact andobtain them, hybrid solutionspredominate, involving theuseof several especially layers andcoatings increasing wear resistance. Among durability improvement are surface engineeringtechnologies, durability shouldbeconsidered.Currently, the main directions of for increasing durability, butgeneral directions for improving approach. It was found that there isnosinglemultifunctional method studies have anarrow rangeof casestudiesinstead of auniversal and undergoes many particular research actions. Most often these The problem of thelow durability of hot forging tools is widely known of Forged Parts during the Hot Die Forging Process : Influence of Precoating on the Decarburization of the Surface Layer micrographs, andshaping,thenecessary thixoforging and force. fibering obtained, parts the of characteristics it the billets, shows the also heating of conditions these Under simulations. and semi-solid C38 steel billet obtained by experimental measurements press. The article presents the temperature field in the volume of the thixoforging of thelatter butalsoitsprehension for transfer to the makes itpossibleto obtain apartially semi-solidbillet allowing the heating stageof thesteel slugisamajor phaseinthisprocess. It necessary to have amastery of theprocess parameters. The forging process. To obtain anoptimal thixoforged product, itis step with a very low forging force compared to theconventional produce complex shapedpartsnear netshape, or very close,inone The thixoforging forming process for steels makes itpossibleto Métiers Institueof Technology 66% and50%. to aminimum when we useBonderite product inaconcentration of surface layer. Results indicate that decarburization may bereduced the of decarburization reducing in effective be to it proved as well tests have confirmed that lubrication of metal pieces is sufficient, as of industrial hot forging was evaluated. The results of laboratory on tests results, thepossibility of usingthissolutioninthetechnique precoating of pre-forging elements; pieces cut off a metal rod. Based of theforged partsafter forging. The forged parts were madeusing were made. The next stageinvolved analysis of thedecarburization the measurements andobservations of thedecarbonized layer Coatings were deposited before forging. Once completed testing, the rods decarburization duringtheinductionheating process on was tested. coatings different of effect the First, decarburization. researchThis evaluates effectthe of pre-coating of forged on parts of Science and Technology ehd fr nraig h Drblt o Frig ol - Tools Forging of Durability the Comprehension IncreasingReview Outlook: and for Methods 1 1 ; ; M.Kaszuba 1 Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 1 ; M.Zwierzchowski R. Cui 1 ; S.Li 1 Z. Gronostajski ; J. He J. ; 1 1 ; ; E. Becker 1 1 Shanghai Jiao TongJiao Shanghai WroclawUniversity Z. Gronostajski 1 ; P. Widomski 1 ; 1 Arts et 1 1 ; ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 17 ; N. 1 C. Gu Shanghai 1 ; 1 University University of 1 ; 1 X. Han ; 1 ; S. Bruschi ; J. Tang J. ; 1 1 ; X. Zhang 1 ; A. Ghiotti 1 EWI 1 ; 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 H. Zhang ; Wang Q. 1 ; H. Kim 1 R. Bertolini ; S. Freed 1 Temperature Dependent Temperature Fracture Loci Of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy : Sheets Padua and aereospace the automotive used in been have alloys Magnesium strength-to-density high their thanks to years, several for industry elevated at and even room at characteristics mechanical Their ratio. it comes when whereas, well-studied, been have temperature studies are few a one, only room than the lower temperatures to the investigates paper the present this aim, To in literature. available mechanical behaviour of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets deformed at different temperature regimes. Tensile tests tillcarried out at fracture room temperature, were -100 °C, -50°C, 100°C and 300°C using different specimen geometries a makingidentified of use were order in values strain The fracture triaxiality. vary to stress the the fracture whereas approach, numerical-experimental combined stereoscopy means of by characterized qualitatively were surfaces and scanning electron the Finally, microscopy. AZ31 fracture locus constructed. was and temperature state the stress as a function of Application of the Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Evaluate the Sheared Method Edge Quality and to Edge : Cracking Evaluating Evaluating the shear edge quality and edge cracking is important automotive for steel high-strength the advanced in forming NDE based eddy-current the introduces paper This parts. structural shear different Using the edge sheared method quality. to evaluate clearances from 5 to 25% of which edges applied on the sheared were magnitudes the hardening sheet thickness, different work varied the local formability. The NDE sensor scanned the sheared DP780 blanks compare to the obtain NDE the data NDE To to data. microhardness edge, the the sheared of level hardening work the using half evaluated was The edge formability measured. was specimen dome test (HSDT) with digital to image correlate the correlation failure (DIC) strain with the NDE and microhardness. formability with edge good correlation shows data. The NDE result With additional development effort, the eddy-current based NDE for tool monitoring real-time a as implemented be can method evaluation. rapid edge quality Ultra- Hot-stamped of Behavior Embrittlement Hydrogen of Study : Steel Strength high Pathak Jiao Tong University Tong Jiao The hydrogen embrittlement (HE) behavior of hot-stamped ultra- high strength boron steel B1500HS was studied. A series of tensile tests and and microstructure performed were charging hydrogen electrochemical after observations for interesting some results, the experimental on Based analyzed. B1500HS samples the between the relationship studied. Firstly, were phenomena mechanical properties of hot stamped B1500HS and the hydrogen both Secondly, presented; were time charging and concentration and the revealed conditions were HE HE and reversible irreversible leading to them were discussed; the Thirdly, effectsof tensile rate on B1500HS after hydrogen charging were also studied. Besides, in involved further were phenomena the above the mechanism of this work. ; 1 G. ; A. ; 1 Z. Zou ; 1 ; T. Nagumo ; T. ; L. Chen 1 1 M. Jin were investigated, when investigated, were 2 S. Nagasawa Yanshan University Yanshan 1 ; 1 University of Aveiro of University 1 ; Nagaoka University of Technology of University Nagaoka 1 1 ; 1 ; S. Zhao 1 ; A. Lopes ; Q. Li ; Q. 1 1 ; K. Umemoto 1 ; H. Wang ; M. Butuc 1 1 Recently, Recently, a series of economical duplex stainless steel (DSS) with transformation induced plasticity(TRIP) replacing by been developed have properties the mechanical effect whichTRIP- the above of properties The mechanical with Mn-N. Ni-Mo improves and studied were loading condition cyclic DSS under assisted the microstructural mechanism was characterized results by show TEM. that The it’s cyclic are hardening/softening sensitive characteristics to strain occurs hardening strain amplitude, cyclic amplitude small With a relatively and the number of (Nfirstly < 5), thencyclic softening starts and cycles(N). trendsto stabilization a rapidly after strain amplitude, large With a relatively gradually. cyclic hardening (N<5), it is softening The until failure. continuously which deformation during cyclic in ferrite formed walls dislocation While austenite softening; cyclic the overall for responsible are relatively at transformation e martensite induced cyclic undergoes suppressed. is softening the cyclic whereby strain amplitude large Relaxation Characteristics Paperboard of for Liquid : Container Creasing Process of Scored In this work, the effect of investigated. was asymmetric alloys aluminum two of properties mechanical rolling parameterscapable process a on the as known is process (ASR) rolling asymmetric The microstructure through the material of the properties improve to refinement andof development a shearcomponent of texture that An anisotropy. plastic and strength of improvement an to leads by commanded rolls identical with two equipped mill asymmetric independent motors was used to analyze the effect materials, The two route. of and the rolling factor pass, asymmetry per reduction AA6022 and AA6061, modifiedby ASR, were analyzedby uniaxial tensile test, hardness test and yield stress of increase a strong observed was It technics. and Electron Backscatter Diffraction being more formability, of in detriment strength tensile ultimate accentuated for AA6061 compared higher a to linked are components texture shear evolution, texture to AA6022. Regarding the pass. per reduction the holding time of a position of creasing knife was varied with varied was knife creasing a position of the holding time of the specified indentationdepth. In scoringthe process, scored the time- and the permanent force reaction of behaviors dependent 100 of time elapsed the for investigated experimentally were depth seconds. When using the paperboard scored bending the holding time, the varying and depth indentation with the specified moment response at a 90 degree folding test was investigated. In this folding and unfolding process, the holdingof effect timeat the analyzed, was resistance moment bending on the process scoring stiffness. of gradient the initial characterizing for especially A knowledge of dynamic bending moment resistance acting on resistance dynamic bending moment of knowledge A in order is important line, a creased on folded is which a hinge, In this a paperboard. boxing for conditions adjust mechanical to liquid-container-purpose of characteristics creasing dynamic work, paperboard of basis weight 313 g/m Sakamoto Microstructure and Damage Development I and Damage Development Microstructure AM - 11:20 | 10:20 26, 2021 July AM | Monday TU Dortmund University Clausmeyer, Session Chair: T. Hardening/Softening Characteristics of a TRIP-assisted Duplex Stainless Steel under Cyclic : Deformation Experimental Asymmetric Experimental Study : of Rolling Aluminum Alloys of Vincze S. Hao The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 18 TECHNICAL PROGRAM K. Prajadhiana B. Behrens measured. The experimental comparison ofexperimental(R CMTmeasured.comparison The development inthebaseplate as well asinthe weld layer were temperature the process, welding the During (1.4430). 316LSi steel a rectangular thin-walled geometry made of theaustenitic stainless of geometry formation and component properties. The reference is high built-up complex rates (CMT and pulsed GMAW) (WAAM) with were processes different WAAM compared two investigation in this terms In materials. manufacturing additive components canbebuiltuplayer wire-arc by layer from metallic construction the With Teknologi MARA,Faculty of Mechanical Engineering nvriä Cent, rfsu Schweißtechnik; Professur Chemnitz, Universität Liu Method: Mapping Conformal Using Design Shape Pre-forging method the and refined, help now subsequently is validated by experimental By forgings. algorithm the forgings. results, different FE the of of production the allow sequences forging The generated conducted automatically the that cracks. showed, and simulations FE folds filling, form by evaluated aresimulated and sequences generated The file. CAD as exported is preform Each product. semi-finished the to forging the from step sectional contours andapproximates themassdistributionstep by An algorithmshiftsthepoints of thepolygon courses of thecross- calculates themassdistributionaround itscentre of gravity line. class. A slicer algorithmdividestheforging into cuttingplanesand to networks analyse thegeometry neural of theforging andto classify itinto ashape artificial file uses method CAD The part. the forged on the of based sequence forging multi-staged a design Inthis study ananalytical method is developed to automatically gGmbH Chemnitz, Professur Virtuelle Fertigungstechnik; PropertiesFormabilityand : Component the on Influence Theirand Processes Manufacturing) (Wire-Arc AdditiveDifferent ofWAAM Investigation Experimental Session Chair:G.Ngaile, North Carolina State University Monday AM | July 26,2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Technologies to SpeedInnovation effective, easy to implement, and hasuniversal adaptation. satisfactory pre-forging shapescanbeobtained. This method is ofshapes different forgings. Through parameterreasonable values, forging. Finally, this method was applied to design the pre-forging was usedto simulate theforging process of were thedesignedpre- factors) scaling triaxle applied to describe the pre-forging shape. Finite element analysis and factor four (conformal Next, pre-forging. parameters the of model 3D obtain to for surface reconstruction cloud 3D point a into combined were profiles new all based on the conformal mappingmethod. was calculated Then, thediscrete points on design slice each the of profile simplify new final The to problem. 3D sliced the (2D) Firstly, two-dimensional pre-forging. was forging the of shape (3D) dimensional the pre-forging shape is proposed to achieve a reasonable three- In thispaper, anovel method of using conformal mappingto design FE Simulations: FE Using Sequences Forging Generated Automaticallyof Validation forming induced property improvement. heat treatment or hot rolled to provide proof of formability and the additive manufactured walls were cold rolled with a subsequent the mechanical properties usingmicro tensile tests. Furthermore, pulsed GMAW(R pulsed 1 ; W.Xu The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; M.Liu 1 ; 3 ; Y.Manurung 1 P-nttt ü Itgire rdkin Hannover Produktion Integrierte für IPH-Institut Y. Hedicke-Claus m 1 ; =605MPa) is completed by the determination of determination the by completed is =605MPa) 1 Chongqing University P. Colditz 3 ; B. Awiszus; 1 ; M.Kriwall 1 ; M.Graf 1 ; 1 1 ; J.Langner TechnischeUniversität 1 ; Hälsig A. m =630MPa) and =630MPa) 2 1 Technische 2 ; M.Stonis ; S. HärtelS. ; 3 Universiti C. 1 1 ; ; Xia Spinning: Assisted Induction-heating by Ribs Inner Cylindrical with Alloy Parts Magnesium of Quality Forming the of Study A educating agroup of talents onmetal forming. internationalization of Chinesecommunity of plasticity engineering; problems of several major national projects inChina;leading method for large scale spherical shells; solving the technological and promoting itsapplications; inventing thedie-lesshydroforming theoryplasticity engineering the developing include: contributions award andscience &technology progress award, etc. His main invention including times, 5 Awardsnational and international won He has published 17 books and more than 300 academic papers, has 1993 as Chairman. During 60 years’ academic life on metal forming. Beijing in ICTP 4th the hosted and (CSTP) PlasticityTechnology of Prof. Wang once served asthepresident of theChinaSociety for ofInstitute Technology performance parameters are improved obviously. performance of theoptimized mechanism,anddemonstrate that its transmission mechanism. Theoretical of elbow-bar andsimulation results examine the dimensions optimized an find we this, obtain the analytically solution of the kinematic position. And with synthesis of multi-linkmechanisms where there itispossibleto bar transmissionmechanism, which canalsobeappliedto optimal proposed animproved genetic algorithmmethod for anelbow- and constraint functions.Basedon virtual prototyping, thispaper were putforward which were took astheobjective functions performance indexes intherespect of kinematics anddynamics of elbow-bar transmissionmechanismisestablished.Several of a certain type of die forging press, the dynamic optimal model of multi-linkdieforging press. Basedonthestructural parameters mechanism willdirectly efficiency quality processing and the affect The kinematics anddynamicscharacteristics of transmission experimental ones. of thickness ratio wall thinning and f=0.4~0.6mm/r rate feed roller T=300~350℃, of MACPIR can beimproved under aforming temperature of quality was discussed. The results indicatethe that theforming forming quality on parameters process of influence the Additionally, along tangential andaxial directions are themainforming defects. the concavity of ribback,andnonuniform distributionof ribheight indexes of forming quality were proposed. The results show that the spinningprocess of MACPIR were analyzed, andevaluation during occurred that defects Forming conducted. was verification MACPIR during IHAS was developed via ABAQUS, and experimental modelofFEM cylindricalribs. An innerthe betweenwalloccur and nonuniform deformation and other forming defects can easily form theMACPIR. However, when usingthisprocess for MACPIR, to used ofmaterials,difficult-to-deform was made cylindricalparts manufacture to way effective an (IHAS), spinning assisted heating of high-endequipment in various are industrial sectors. Induction- (MACPIR) ribs inner attractive aslightweight components for with improving theperformance parts cylindrical alloy Magnesium rfso ZR Wn’ Cnrbtos o ea Frig Theory, Forming Education : Metal and Technology to Contributions Wang’s Z.R. Professor Invited Session Chair:S. Yuan, Harbin Institute of Technology Monday AM | July 26,2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Zhongren Wang Honorary Symposium Transmission Elbow-bar of Mechanism Optimization Based on Virtual Prototyping: Multi-objective Technology; 1 ; J. Long J.; 1 ; G.Huang 2 University of Strathclyde t=65~75%. The simulation results confirm well with well confirm results simulation The Ψt=65~75%. 1 ; S. Yuan; G. Liu 1 ; Y.Qin 1 ; S. Yuan; 2 ; 1 South China UniversityofChina South X. Dong 1 ; K.Zhang 1 ; 1 Xuanwu District 1 ; 1 Harbin Q. Q. TECHNICAL PROGRAM 19 ; 1 Waseda Waseda 2 ; S. Kajino 2 National Institute Institute National 1 ; 2 ; R. Mitsui National Institute of of Institute National 2 1 ; 2 ; S. Suzuki 3 Happy Science University Science Happy 1 ; ; R. Tanemura ; A. Hatta 1 1 1 DMG MORI CO., LTD. CO., DMG MORI 2 ; K. Tashima 3 S. Gondo www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; M. Miyazaki 1 ; K. Takemoto Factory Automation Electronics Inc. Electronics Automation Factory 2 ; Y. Ito ; Y. 3 1 of of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Poster Session Poster 26, 2021 July AM | Monday : Deforming Behavior in Magnetic Seam Welding Parallel Pressure Ichimura T. For For high carbon steel wire with 0.444 mm in previous initial diameter, work our clarified thatits mesoscale fiber structure composed textures of ismesoscale structure formedtransitions into primary fiber duringtexture, primary and drawingwire secondary process. fiber The this study of textures, The objectives strain. drawing with increasing textures subprimary and secondary strain and drawing in higher clarifying the mesoscale structure are fiber diameters. wire on the mesoscale structures of the dependence High carbon wires steel of 0.276, 0.444 and 0.936 mm in diameter by analysis orientation be to as fine as possible.drawn Crystal were mesoscale the that showed pattern diffraction backscatter electron then the above, as mentioned transitioned in order structure was formed regardless texture fiber subprimary with structure only of initial wire diameters. The thickness of secondary fiber diameter wire the drawn texture with decreasing logarithmically decreased strain. drawing than 1.4 of more at Development of Antiloosening Bolts Based on Innovative Double Takemasu : T. Mechanism Thread based on an joints bolted double-thread new developed We coarse multiple and single of composed mechanism innovative the multiple-thread of threads coarse of The number threads. was set to 3 (denoted as modifiedrolling andformability to fundamentally strength improve 3DTB-II), and its removed was thread grooves multiple-thread structure three the of was one (i) follows: as shifted grooves remaining two the of one and specimens 3DTB-II for downwards by a half pitch (denoted 3-1DTB-IIB) and (ii) the depth of the multiple-thread grooves was reduced by up to 50% of the thread height (denoted 3-1DTB-IIC). FEM thread rolling simulations were performed using a dedicated die. The two kinds of modified heights thread the and precisely rolled were specimens DTB-II states The forming sections. cross all at value the target reached in the matched thread well the rolling experiments FEM simulation states. Magnetic pressure welding (MPW) has attracted attention as a new new a as attention attracted has (MPW) welding pressure Magnetic welding is a collision MPW aluminum thin plates. for joining method and dissimilar similar bonds of metallic producing for process as the acceleration force electromagnetic utilizing materials, high density adding a abruptly of is a method mechanism. MPW magnetic flux around a metal material and utilizing the generated high speed and at thin plate the deform to force electromagnetic of behavior with the deformation deal This paper welding. pressure this analysis used for The sample coils. with parallel aluminum sheet composed aluminum and made of be a thin plate is assumed to the collision the result, plane strain.As of elements quadrilateral of but it point, collision the initial at high-speed very is velocity point decreases continuously during the welding. Even if the thickness and the velocity point the collision of changed, the tendency was changed. angle did not collision Dependence of Mesoscale Structure of Drawn High Carbon Steel : Diameter Wire on Wire Technology, Nagano College; Nagano Technology, University; University; M. Asakawa ; 2 ; J. ; D. ; D. 1 1 ; W. ; W. 2 /s /s and 4 ; T. Dean ; T. ~10 1 3 S. Zhang W. Xinyun W. ; Y. Yoshikawa ; Y. L. Wang 1 Z. Wang Huazhong University Huazhong of University Science 1 ; 1 University of Birmingham of University 2 Meijo Univeristy Meijo ; Z. Mao 1 2 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy Academy Chinese Research, Metal of Institute 1 ; 1 ; G. Pan 1 ; Y. Ma ; Y. 1 ; D. Lei ; D. 1 Gifu University; Gifu University; 1 ; ; Y. Xu ; Y. 1 1 Imperial College London; College London; Imperial Chen & Technology thicken to employed was a multistage spinning process In this study, thickness. In this with a uniform blank sheet a disc-like the rim of and spindle the upper is clamped between workpiece the process, with rollers of set A together. them rotating of while all spindle, lower friction of the drive under rotate which passively grooves, external of direction radial along the feed workpiece, and the roller between Based the rim in sequence. and thicken compress to workpiece the on FEA and experiments, the influences Moreover, investigated. were of behavior on the forming parameters defects andprocess inworkpiece shape deformation the on preformed of the the effect were parameters Process also considered. was stage successive line distribution. based on flow optimized of Sciences of advanced two are and impact hydroforming hydroforming Pulsating with compared material of the formability increase to technologies systematically were They technologies. forming traditional other principle, forming technical of aspects from investigated hydroforming Pulsating applications. and mechanism, equipment the friction condition altering by ability the forming can improve of sheet/tube parts or by As loading. pulsated the under steels stainless of plasticity induced utilizing the effect of transformation for impact hydroforming, the strain rate can reach 10 the instantaneous pressure can be GPa level, which can obviously which can obviously level, can be GPa pressure the instantaneous increase the elongation 20%~60%. The of by hard-to-form material both by investigated was impulse impact and liquid flexible of effect the to related while the mechanisms are and simulation, experiment strain decentralization phase, second of deformation compatible used on the been have The technologies stabilization. and defect of fields the for components walled thin complex, of manufacturing power. nuclear automobile, and aerospace, aeronautics Rim Thickening of Disk-like Parts Using Spinning: 1 Friction Friction Law in Cold Metal : Forming are coatings lubrication and lubricants liquid forming, cold In friction of understanding basis for the As employed. generally under law the friction conditions, lubricated under behavior in results on experimental based is determined condition dry the friction Then tool. coated a DLC by sheets metal of compression law friction the Finally, investigated. is coatings lubrication of law the friction law based on is proposed conditions lubricated under method the testing by results and experimental condition dry under friction test. pressure and the high with side stretching Adding Value by Advancing Metal : Forming Dong The metal forming industry is responding to the changing technical technical the changing to is responding industry forming metal The stringent increasingly and customers of demands commercial and contracting. are lead times addition, In restrictions. legislative Also OEMs are demanding deliveries just-in-time on become have quantities changeable batch products many schedules and for in the these challenges, meet To ago. years few than a smaller process and existing which new at the rate industry, forming metal is being developed are practices and production technologies design and manufacturing systems Computer-aided increasing. powerful form to simulation, process computer to allied been have right-first- parts producing for tools knowledge-based based cloud time through identifying the customers’ needs. The purpose this of industry forming made in metal some advances illustrate is to paper by the authors, through advancing the base of products. value added the demands for meet to knowledge, scientific process Recent Advances in Sheet and : Tube Hydroforming Junsong The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 20 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Z. Meng . Asim U. Institute ofInstitute Technology; University; controlling theinterface properties. laminates with more uniform layer thicknessmay beprocessed by during rolling dependsoninterface cohesion andindicates that properties between them. We demonstrate the plastic flow stability layersrepresentativea in volumeelement differentwith interaction using anisotropic elastoplastic material model to model Cuand Ta origin of layer instabilities, we carried out finite element simulations inthe mechanical performance of is important multilayered metals. To understandthe continuity layer Maintaining rolling. during off by processed examine numerous instances where Ta laminates layers necked andpinched Cu/Ta tomography,we computed in x-ray Using bonding. rollaccumulative morphology composite of We present acombined experimental andmodelinginvestigation tanrt-estvt Clbain f lmnm lo Set by Sheet ElectromagneticofFlanging Circular AlloyHole: Aluminum of Calibration Strain-rate-sensitivity have can better mechanical DED properties thanheat-treated SKD61. using repaired part a treatment, heat without that and lower elongation indeposited region. Therefore, strength thisstudy indicated tensile ultimate higher showed it Moreover, SKD61. deposited material showed higher hardness than heat-treated and substrate, the in revealed atypical martensite Hv structure. At all temperatures, the 550 martensite to a tempered increased it however, revealing structure; zone, heat-affected the in Hv 490 to decreased hardness The structure. dendrite a with Hv 620 features. The deposited region anddilutionshowed ahardness of distributions initscross section,revealing four representative hardness different showed material deposited The 800℃. and 600, its hardness and tensile properties were determined at 25, 200, 400, material was observed through scanningelectron microscopy and powder wasontodepositedheat-treated SKD61. JIS deposited The to minimize thermal effects. To simulate a repair using DED, AISI H13 alternative repairing technique using direct energy deposition (DED) homogeneous quality. Hence, thisstudy focused ondeveloping an of repairing isexpensive, timeconsuming, anddoesnot guarantee Conventionally, tool steels are repaired by welding; however, that ihtmeaue rpris f o-ok ol te (II H13) EnergyDeposition: Direct via Deposited (AISI Steel Tool Hot-work of Properties High-temperature Choi The Effect of Interface Cohesion on Layer Stability during Stability on Layer Cohesion Interface Accumulative Roll Bonding of Cu/Ta Multilayers of : Effect The term of Johnson-Cook model. of workpiece were compared to calibrate thestrain-rate-hardening profile cross-sectional the on distributions and deformation The experimental simulated hole. circular of flanging electromagnetic reasonable deformation. A numerical model was established for planarenergydischargedspiral the and coil, induce wasdefined to hole. The initial size of circular hole circular was determined asahalf diameter of of flanging electromagnetic by proposed been has spiral coil, aninverse method of strain-rate-sensitivity calibration of circular workpiece intheelectromagnetic bulgetest by planar zone central the at deformation delayed the to Due identification. by thequasi-static uniaxial tensile test to simplify the parameter high strainrate, thestrain-hardening term was initially determined at law hardening the For speed. high such at curve stress flow the obtain to difficult is it and forming, electromagnetic in second per The strainrate of aluminumalloy sheet reaches upto thousands 2 ; D. Shim The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 1 ; S.Huang ; R.Mier 2 Los Alamos National Lab; 3 ; 1 Korea Institute of Industrial Technology; 2 ; N.Senabulya 1 ; 1 Wuhan University of Technology 3 Korea Maritime andOcean University 3 ; M.Demkowicz 3 University of Michigan J. Son W. Liu 1 ; G.Shin 1 L. Semenchenko ; Y.Lin 1 ; 1 Texas A&M 1 ; K.Lee 1 ; H.Zhou 2 Stevens 1 ; C. 1 1 ; ; eet dacs n oeig lsi Dfrain f TexturedMetalFormingto: Applications with Metals of Deformation Plastic Modeling on Advances Recent 8:15 AM Keynote mechanisms arisinginsuchcomplex loadingconditions. presented to get a better understanding of some of the physical be framework also element will finite micro-scale a whereasscale, conditions will beaddressed with examples given at theprocess multiaxial stress states, non-proportional complex and cyclic loading effects, temperature and rate Strain processes. forming on themaincomplexities related to damageanalysis duringmetal After a short review of these different approaches, the talk will focus micromechanical basesor onphenomenological considerations. criteria or coupled damage models. Both approaches rely either on damage analysis isusually addressed through uncoupled failure investigations inparticular for complex loadingpaths. Ductile and failure duringmetal forming processes still needsfurther Despite numerous studies, the prediction of ductile damage ParisTech FCC, BCC andHCP materials are presented. to theprediction of formability of singlecrystals andpolycrystalline expressed interms of generalized invariants andtheir application is specified. Illustrative examples of full three-dimensional yield criteria coefficients anisotropy of number minimum the that respective anisotropic generalizations. This framework ensures their with J3 and J2 replacing by simply obtained be can function anisotropic invariants, to theanisotropic form of any isotropic yield as these Using such developed. been J3 have anisotropy plastic and for account J2 invariants isotropic the of generalizations theorems, representation general Using properties. mechanical of such the anisotropy coefficients are not directly expressible in terms written interms of eigenvalues of transformed stress tensors and as are criteria such generallydeveloped, been have criteria yield 3-D orthotropic criterion are usedinindustry. While more advanced numerical high-fidelity from simpletests, generally von Misesisotropic criterion andHill for essential is predictions of forming processes. Dueto theeaseincalibration deformation onset the plastic defining surface of yield the of description accurate An of Florida tt o te r ad uue Challenges: Future and Art the Forming: of Metal State during Damage Ductile of Modeling Numerical 7:30 AM Keynote University of Science and Technology Session Chairs:J. Cao,Northwestern University; F. Barlat, Pohang Tuesday AM | July 27, 2021 Tuesday Keynote E Aayi o Mlips Wrdaig rcs o Ultra-fine of Process Steel Wire: Investigation Wiredrawingon Stress, Strain and Hardness: Multi-pass on Analysis FEM tendency isobtained asthenumber of processes isincreased. smaller the difference in strain distribution inside the wire. The same mechanics. It isfound that thesmaller thedieangleper pass,the evaluated by our newly is proposed methodology usingmaterials hardness that successful is it particular, In properties. wire’s on ofdieshapes the effects mainly and discuss shapes die different times are prepared and analyzed. We compare multiple models with three-dimensional modelsto bemachinedcontinuously multiple finite elastic-plastic experimentally, to observe element simulation isappliedto understandtheproperties. Some insufficient is it inside the wire that hasbeen drawn multipletimes.However, since the wire. The purposeisto investigate changeof mechanical state high accuracy, itisnecessary to clarify processing behavior inside with wires ultrafine manufacture to order In wires. steel fine extra Recently, there occurs anincreasing demandfor highprecision Saitoh 1 ; 1 Kansai University O. Cazacu P. Bouchard 1 ; 1 T. Saito 1 University ; 1 Mines 1 ; K. TECHNICAL PROGRAM 21 G. ; V. ; V. 1 Institute Institute 1 ; ; 1 M. Hermes National Kaohsiung Kaohsiung National 1 ; D. Bailly D. ; 1 ; 1 ; C. Yu 1 ; M. Laugwitz M. ; 1 ; Wang B. 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 J. Sheu J. ; T. Bremen T. ; 1 University of Applied Science South Westphalia South Applied Science of University 1 ; 1 ; R. Kordtomeikel R. ; 1 Tube Tube Roll Forming Flower Design and Flexible Roll with : Simulation CAE Adjustment Thin-walled Thin-walled steel profilesare the key cost to efficient lightweight and trucks in cars parts and design elements Structure structures. are often based on curved and profiles. Thehydroformed possible and complex and long often are profiles steel for chains production the machines and tools are expensive and the isflexibility bad.For these industry in aircraft applications e.g. for lots production smaller processes are not efficient. This paper shows a solution for smaller process an integrated by realized lots production and middle sized parts lightweight tubular of section forming bending and cross for plastic media made of working on a based operation a forming by idea, the mechanism, the process the shows The paper materials. limits. and the process analysis process University of Science and Technology and Science of University on the cross-sectional the edges and the angle of The roundness profileat theexit of fin passare crucialfor the welding qualitythe of ERW tube. In this paper, the adjustment of the bending angles the and positions, caging side the and top the rolls, down break of geometry cross-sectional the control to proposed were gap pass fin and dimension accuracy of the roll formed blank at the exit of making fin of capable is layout machine forming roll The station. pass tube with diameter range from 5 to 13 inches. The CAE simulations were carried out to the verify proposed designsroll flower and the roll adjustment strategies. The CAE predictions showed the same flower design should have different roll adjustments with proper obtained were different blank for formed The sound roll tube size. design. flower and roll adjustment roll On the Geometrical Accuracy in Incremental Sheet : Forming Hirt Holstein of Metal Forming - RWTH Aachen University Aachen - RWTH Forming Metal of The industrial application of incremental sheet forming accuracy geometrical the low due to the expectations behind stays (ISF) still of the predictability as the insufficient well parts as the produced of which mechanisms some that fact the to due is This result. forming Many understood. fully not are deviations the geometrical cause which determine, to out been carried already have investigations types of stresses induced by ISF influence theforming result. This geometric typical selected categorize systematically tries to paper mechanisms based on underlying their review and to deviations is to The intention experience. own as well as literature current provide a structured basis for future a better scientificwith the goal, that experience, of an exchange stimulate discussion and to of accuracy the geometrical improve help to understanding may forming. sheet incremental by parts manufactured Investigation of an Integrated Working Based Parts on a Lightweight Process Tubular of Section Forming for Bending and Cross Media Made of Materials with High Plasticity: ; 1 ; V. ; V. ; E. 1 2 H. Long ; M. Rehm 1 ; O. Music O. ; 1 ; P. de Witt de ; P. 1 The University of Sheffield; 1 ; A. Shokrani 2 ; ; 3 TED University The University of Nottingham of The University 2 3 ; H. Ou H. ; A. Leonhardt 2 ; A. Erdinç 1 ; J. Chen 1 D. Bowen ; B. Lu B. ; University of Bath; Bath; of University 1 1 ; 1 Chemnitz University of Technology of Chemnitz University 1 ; 1 ; F. Tian ; F. 1 Shanghai Jiao Tong University; University; Tong Jiao Shanghai Kräusel Beside the manufacturing of finished parts by IncrementalSheet Forming (ISF) final operations within of capabilities technological The technology. this with realized be process the chain can also performing incremental (hole-)flanging operationsfor sheet metal topic The current context. in research parts has been investigated to technology forming the incremental of on the transfer focusses was process collaring An incremental parts. tubular manufacture Due tool. the forming by executed are motions all where developed to the fixed positionof theworkpiece, tubes aswell as pipes can be branched. Stainless steel tubes made of 1.4404 (316L) with an 54 of mm thickness used 1.5 diameter were and of outer mm wall a for numerical simulation with process varying of influence The experiments. forming FE-software comparative Abaqus/Explicit and parameters (e.g., pre-hole geometry, step size) on the properties of the tube collar (e.g., geometric investigated. accuracy, wall thickness) was 2 Agile MF II MF Agile AM - 10:15 2021 | 9:15 27, July AM | Tuesday University Cao, Northwestern J. Session Chair: Numerical Modelling and Deformation Mechanics of the English Wheel : Process The mechanisation of traditional craft processes can serve as a can serve processes craft traditional of The mechanisation in the increasingly development process novel for starting point topical field of flexible the underlying challenges including understanding several metal forming. approach This methods control suitable providing and mechanization mechanics, presents mechanics of on the underlying focus we Here, such processes. for the process known as the English wheel. In this work, the process process The techniques. modelling numerical is studied through challenge modelling particular a present conditions boundary industrial when modelling conventional encountered often not boundary these capture to methods modelling Different processes. physical with compared are and results explored are conditions geometrical identifies study parametric A lab. the in performed trials the machine varying when the process, and limits of capabilities configuration. A New Test Method for Sheet Metal under Deformation Tension Cyclic Bending Subjected and Compression : (TCBC) to Loukaides A new test method for sheet metal deformation, Tension under under Tension deformation, metal sheet for method test new A study. this in developed is (TCBC), Compression and Bending Cyclic under deformation material testing is capable of method TCBC The tension, bending and compression with cyclic loading. The effect by controlled mode can be independently each deformation of rig is designed test TCBC A parameters. adjusting corresponding four under is tested and an aluminium alloy and manufactured deformation modes: simple tension, tension under cyclic bending, cyclic under and tension compression, cyclic under tension fracture and The maximum elongation compression. and bending occurrence of the tested specimen under the maximum that has been found It compared. modes are different deformation elongation increases significantly under TCBC the delays which localised plastic deformation strengthened condition to due material testing can be used for method TCBC The new fracture. single as such processes, forming sheet incremental in formability forming. and double side incremental point Incremental Collar Forming Process for Branched and Tubes Pipes: the Manufacturing of S. Ai S. The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 22 TECHNICAL PROGRAM J. Lin J. Taub relaxation ageingand post-form mechanical properties, andhas is comprised of three sub-models, includingmicrostructure, stress main mechanical properties of theproducts after CAF. the The model and process (CAF) forming age creep during alloy aluminium to time first the simultaneously for predict stress relaxation ageingbehaviour of the developed been has analysed equations constitutive been unified of set a haveanalysis, and results the elongation) on Based discussed. and uniform and ultimate strength strength, (yield tensile properties and mechanical relaxation post-form on stress main time and stress of effects detailed The and subsequent tensile tests were performed at room temperature. carried out under different initial stress levels and durations at 165 °C investigated andmodelled.Stress relaxation ageingtests were properties of an Al-Zn-Mg alloy, AA7B04, have been experimentally The stress relaxation ageingbehaviour andpost-form mechanical Institute accumulation, andsurface deformation. This coincides with thenotion of greater material movement, the depth of the geometry, increases with progressive forming. tool contact area. Surface roughness measurements, relative to the around distribution thickness and profilometry, surface height, through quantitative measurements including greater bulge vibration ultrasonic Added shows higher amount of material movement, which issupported (TPIF). strategy forming incremental two-point a using formed is cone 45° A sheets. AA7075of forming softening phenomenon on material movement in incremental acoustoplasticity. This paper investigates the effect of acoustoplastic softening The material behavior under superimposedultrasonic vibrations isknown as to forces. shownand friction been forming has the influence 20kHz, of frequencies ultrasonic at usually Applied mechanical vibration in various manufacturingprocesses, eaiu ad otfr Mcaia Poete i Cep Age Creep in Formingof Al-Zn-Mg Alloy Properties: Mechanical Post-form and Ageing Behaviour Relaxation Stress of Modelling and Study Experimental Technology Session Chair:T. Kuwabara, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Tuesday AM | July 27, 2021|9:15-10:15 AM Constitutive Behavior II Accuracyand AnalysisOptimization : Time Computation Process: Forming Flow the of Modelling Numerical Bouchard The Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Material Movement in Movement on Material Vibration Ultrasonic Incremental Sheet Forming: of Effect The methods. are mostly conserved when applying the configuration optimization case. Inaddition,theglobal andlocal results of thereference case drastically reduce thecomputation timecompared to thereference sheet metal anymore. The two combined methods give theability to occurring when theroller tool isnot incontact with thedeformable the entire process. The calculation timesteps removed are those consists inreducing thenumber of calculation timesteps during which one second a with associated then is method This wide. 36° is obtainable geometry reduced final The planes. symmetry using method consists inreducing thegeometry of theinitial blankand sufficient level accuracy. results of optimizationconfiguration A first aiming to reduce thecomputation time whilst maintaining a time. It istherefore necessary to develop optimization strategies computation high with difficult process this of modelling the make tool-workpiece contact conditions andthehighrotation speed localprocess. The this model toorder in used is FORGE®software element finite The process. entire the during evolving and local is roller tool deforms arotating sheet metal by applying aforce which Flow forming isanincremental forming process during which a 1 1 ; ; The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 1 University of Michigan; Imperial College London; 1 ; 1 CEMEF MinesParisTech Y. Li R. Cheng 2 The OhioState University 1 ; F. Lyu 2 AVICManufacturing Technology 1 ; A. Bansal ; A. 2 ; Z. Shi A. Roula 1 ; Y.Zeng 1 ; J. Kang 1 ; K. Mocellin 2 ; X. Huang ; X. 2 ; X. Liu ; X. 2 1 ; A. ; P. 2 ; Y. Li University; inherent characteristics of steel sheets as well asthestrainrates. the on dependent is offset stress the that observed is It softening. permanent the and effect Bauschinger the considering stress flow at various alloystrain rates ranging from 0.001 s-1 to 100 s-1 magnesium in terms of the and sheets steel TWIP980 TRIP980, sheets, behaviors are evaluated intension-compression for mildsteel hardening developed, specially devices testing to the up With s-1 s-1. 100 0.001 from ranging rates strain intermediate at sheets obtain tension-compression hardening curves of auto-body steel devices are developed with aservo-hydraulic testing machineto crashworthiness. Novel in-planetension andcompression testing of sheet metal forming andsubsequent spring-backas well as compression are indispensablefor accurate numerical simulation compression testing devices. Hardening behaviors intension and hardening behaviors of auto-body sheets with novel tension and This paper isconcerned with evaluation of rate-dependent Large Curvatures: Simulation and Manufacturing: and Simulation Curvatures:Large Stress-relaxation AgeForming of AComponent Complexwith and under anaccurate analysis model. die optimal designinterms of dielife, which shouldbeconducted forging processes by precision complete analysis forcold process and of sequence a simulate to employed is a commercial it and AISI1025 of steel stress flow accurate obtain to applied is model hardening material with emphasisonnecking. An improved Swift that it has a weak point in describing the flow stress of typical strain is thusemployed to evaluate theSwift model.It hasbeenshown ofstrain predicts tensile test exactly from thestandpoint of engineeringand ranges two of divided by thetruestrainat theneckingpoint isproposed, which composed curve of concept stress A flow prediction. FE reference its and test tensile experimental an strain hardening behaviours of metals at room temperature using This paper evaluates andcriticizes theSwift model of expressing Sheet Metals in Tension andCompression: H.Huh CANCELLED: stages ontheformed shapehave alsobeenanalysed. and creep straingenerated duringloadingandstress-relaxation agreement with the ingood simulation. The effects of SRAF, the initial during plastic strain strength of change insignificant show plate the industrial requirement. Hardness results from theformed satisfying errormm, belowshape 4 maximum a SRAFtest, with the and simulation FE the between achieved been has shape formed and was used for manufacturingtest. A goodagreement of the compensation and predication springback through simulation FE the user-defined via ABAQUS software CREEP.from subroutinedetermined toolsurfacewas optimised An (FE) element finite into for constitutive model for SRA of levels, thematerial unified hasbeenimplemented a and stress (SRA) regions plastic to various elastic from ageing ranging at time, first the SRAF stress-relaxation model during the FE AA6082 of An simulate behaviour study. to this in established out is carried been has AA6082-T6, been component has curvatures panel large simulated a andcorresponding and SRAF test of an Al-Mg-Si alloy, complex of with mm) (SRAF) (820*300*3 forming age Stress-relaxation cuae oeln o Fo Srs o AS12 a Room at AISI1025 of Joun M. Stress Flow Simulation: Forging Precision to Application Its Temperature of and Modelling Accurate products. the forming process, predict butalsosupportpossibleindustrial applications for CAF only not to tool effective an provides model successfully predicted corresponding behaviour. The developed 2 ; J. Lin 1 ; 1 M. Razali 2 ; Pungkang, HoaSeong 1 Imperial CollegeLondon; ae eedn Hreig eair f Autobody of Behavior Hardening Dependent Rate 1 J Byun J. ; 1 ; K.Lee 2 Beihang University 2 ; 1 Gyeongsang National 1 ; Q. Rong 1 KAIST 1 ; Z. Shi 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 23 ; Y. ; Y. 1 ; M. 2 University University 1 ; ; 1 M. Hoshino ; T. Furushima ; T. 1 ; M. Okada M. ; 1 University of Tokyo of University 2 ; T. Shimizu ; T. ; T. Miura T. ; 2 1 Tamagawa University Tamagawa 2 ; Tanaka K. ; Q. Zheng ; Q. 1 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 M. Otsu I. Indhiarto Nihon University; Nihon University; 1 Tokyo Metropolitan University; University; Metropolitan Tokyo 1 ; 2 ; 1 Nagai Yang that creep recovery occurs by increasing holding time in the die in holding time increasing by occurs recovery creep that at conducted was experiment The forming. warm the during set punchdifferent radius R(1, 2, 4, 5mm)to theof analyze creep effect operation. V-bending during spring-back on the velocity recovery for conducted were observations Microstructure Furthermore, the results. into insight detail Effect of Short Pulsed-current Stress on : Tensile Test Relaxation in Uniaxial II Process Forming Metal AM | 9:15 - 10:15 2021 27, July | AM Tuesday Osaka University Session Chair: H. Utsunomiya, Forming of PMMA Sheets by Lap Incremental Forming with Local : Heating Friction Electricity Electricity assisted current, metal was demonstrated forming, to promote drop improving especially formability. in To investigate the flow using effect stress of and pulsed-current with conducted was test tensile uniaxial an relaxation, stress on pulsed- different pulsed-current parameterswidth and frequency. Employed short pulse width changing by of was microsecond, while in the range frequency was arranged under Different its pulse- 1 level kHz. of temperature employedwas at repeated was test in tensile relaxation Stress joule heating. from to consider effect constant strain interval at 3% strain. This research present analysis of stress relaxation influenced by time-dependent short pulsed-current parameter of In recent years, industry field has increasingan demand strength for high and lightweight carbon fiber reinforced time. But carbon forming of is reduction request plastics next Furthermore, (CFRP). used commonly is that (CFRTS) resin thermosetting reinforced fiber the purpose of For more. molding time any shortening can not fiber carbon cost, production reducing and time molding shortening reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTP) has been molding. So it is possible to reactions chemical require does not researched. CFRTP the purpose is molding time. In this study, shorten to CFRTP for CFRTP. for forming press application by molding time of reduction non-uniform that it is clear results, experimental fundamental By and there forming press blank in hot over is distributed temperature a distribution optimizing By condition. in some forming is porosity could CFRTP of formability force, and blank holder temperature of be improved. of Fukui of stir using friction sheets PMMA for method forming new A incremental forming was proposed. In this method, A5052 sheets, A1050 sheets and mm 185 x and mm 185 was size which sheets PMMA PMMA simultaneously. sheets are overlapped A 0.5, were specimens. 0.2 thickness for and employed 2 were mm and formed was The tool used. was 6 mm of with a diameter tool hemispherical mm/min. 4000 - 1000 at moved and rpm 12000 - 6000 at rotated with the height shape conical of a frustum into formed were Sheets of 40 mm and wall angles of 45° the - shape. From with the objective and compared measured was 65°. Shape of formed sample 4.45 = Ra was roughness surface sheet formed results, experimental 60°. was angle wall formable The limit of µm and Rz = 25.89 µm. Research of Press : Force Forming Holder Blank and Temperature of of Distribution CFRTP under the Control of a ; 1 ; Y. ; Y. 1 ; W. ; W. 2 ; B. Xie 1 ; S. Huang ; Wenzheng D. 1 1 Y. Li Y. ; 1 ; B. Zhang 1 B. Zhang L. Qiquan ; H. Yang 1 Gifu University 2 . The deformation temperature temperature The deformation . -1 Seoul National University of Science of University National Seoul 1 ; Northwestern Polytechnical University; University; Polytechnical Northwestern 1 ; Q. Liu ; Q. 1 1 ; ; 1 H. Yu ; C. Lee 1 ; Y. Ning Y. ; 2 J. Yu Xiangtan University; Xiangtan University; 1 ; 2 Northwestern Polytechnical University Polytechnical Northwestern ; B. Zhang B. ; 1 2 ; 1 Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Research Steel and Iron Central Ning Zhang and strain rate have a significant effect curves, on from the stress-strain true which the studied. be systematically can behavior and deformation stress intrinsic connection between calculated was deformation of energy the activation The apparent flow to be 454.5kJ/mol at the strain of 0.65 when the for constructed was equation flow constitutive the Meanwhile, steady. stress was Based on this superalloy. of plastic deformation modeling the hot the microstructure observation, the influence Moreover, explored. been deeply has on microstructure parameters of hot processing was plastic deformation hot mechanism during the microstructural process forging hot of the optimization which can provide revealed, in advanced components performance manufacturing high for engine. Hot Deformation Behavior and Constitutive Modeling of a Novel Ni-based : Superalloy Ni-based superalloys are widely used to manufacture the key the key manufacture used to widely are Ni-based superalloys mechanical superior their turbine engine,since in gas components deformation hot work, present temperature.In elevated at properties by investigated was Ni-based superalloy a novel of behavior compression test at temperatures of 1020-1140°C and strain rates of 0.001-10s-1.At low temperature and high strain rates, the hardening. work due to value flow a peak to increased rapidly stress at high However, temperature and strain low rates, the curves flow deformation The hot stage. softening dynamic typical exhibited be to is determined the studied superalloy of energy activation constitutive type Arrhenius compensated strain a and 735.5KJ/mol, and experimental the predicted of is obtained.Comparison equation describe can accurately equation constitutive the developed values, the deformation mechanism and the the flow behavior.Meanwhile, been has microstructure on parameters processing hot of influence for parameters process the optimize can which explored, deeply engine. in gas turbine components manufacturing key Constitutive Model and Plate Forging Ability of : Temperatures 5052 Aluminum Different under Alloy 2 Flow Flow Behavior and Processing Map of a Nickel-based Superalloy during Hot Plastic Deformation : Process Nickel-based superalloys have been widely used to produce high high produce used to widely been have superalloys Nickel-based research, In present engine. in advanced components performance superalloy Nickel-based GH4065A of tests compression isothermal were conducted at deformation and temperatures strain of rates 1020-1140°C of 0.001-1.0s The paper was concerned with behavior rheological the obtain to conducted were tests tensile plate forging of Al5052. Biaxial and stress-strain curve of Al 5052 under FEM warm model temperature. utilizing An the data mentioned above was proposed simulate to the solid boss process of Al5052 by sheet-bulk forming. It was interesting to find out that boss height andforming defects with vary the combination of process Thus parameters. five factors study designed to was table experiment orthogonal level and four initial radius, boss diameter, boss force, counter-punch of effect the sheet thickness and friction coefficient on boss height and dimple and counter- boss diameter that indicated The results defect. and on the boss height role the most important play punch force were experiments corresponding the Finally, respectively. defect, results. prediction with the numerical consistent Analysis of Creep Behavior of Magnesium Alloy Sheet (AZ31B) in : Forming Warm and Technology V-bending in sheet magnesium alloy spring-back of In this study, and plastic holding time in the die set to according observed was behavior Also, the creep conditions. forming warm at deformation in the numerical investigated was sheet the magnesium alloy of the temperature, room At the spring-back. analyze to simulation spring-back is 28.11° and 24.99° at holding time of 0 and 1000sec respectively. Also, at 250°, the spring-back holding is time of 11.46° 0 and and 1000sec 1.12° respectively. The results at indicate W. Zhigang W. The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 24 TECHNICAL PROGRAM rcin ae Sld tt Rccig A Industry-ready An Recycling: State Solid Technology?: Based Friction alloy forming ofaluminum technical manufacturing are discussed. trend the development and treatment(EST).Then difficulties shocking electromagnetic and wear behavior at hightemperature, dynamicstrainagingand behavior, constitutive equations, processing mapping,friction forming components isreviewed, of includingisothermal tensile deformation field the in progress and performance strengthening of aluminumalloy sheets and research latest the paper, this components have been the focus of international research. In strengthening methods of complex thin-walled Aluminum alloy high-speed rail andsoon. Advanced forming andperformance which hasbeen widely usedinaviation, aerospace, automobile, Aluminum alloy isthemost potential lightweight material, Universtiy of Technology covered to get theseprocesses suitablefor industrial applications. environmental potential savings will bepresented along and with theknowledge gapto bestill numerical) and experimental (both Friction Stir Consolidation. Process mechanics, process engineering and processofFrictiontwoand weaknessesvariants: StirExtrusion In theproposed presentation the authors will discussstrengths causing material softening, thusallowing solidbondingactivation. between thedieandmaterial beingprocessed decays into heat SSR methods. Intheseprocesses, the work of thefrictionforces this process category theauthorshave focused onfrictionbased Within step. remelting the avoiding by products semi-finished into scraps aluminum turning directly strategies, (SSR) Recycling State order to overcome such issues, researches have turned to Solid and, what is more, permanent material lossesoccurdemand becauseof oxidation. In of energy in terms efficient not are remelting, Conventional recycling routes for aluminumalloys, basedon Palermo nlss f rs-adnn b Hg Rslto Orientation Resolution 1 High by Imaging: Cross-hardening of Analysis Session Chair:I.Beyerlein, University of California, Santa Barbara Tuesday AM | July 27, 2021|9:15-10:15 AM Microstructure andDamageDevelopment II Alloy Aluminum Thin-walled Complex Performance and Components: of Forming Advanced Strengthening on Progress Research U Dortmund; TU macroscopic stress strain data for thesteel DC04. metal forming. The microstructural evidence iscompared with strain path changesincomponents manufactured by sheet-bulk by simpleshear. Suchmethods are usedto detect orthogonal of the substructure in sequences of uniaxial pre-straining followed to detect inter- andintragranular misorientations. These provide information (EBSD) apply diffraction contrast to backscatter is electron electron approachhigh-resolution alternative or An (ECCI). imaging (TEM) channelling microscopy electron transmission previous loading. The analysis of persistent microstructures requires with persistent dislocation structures which have formed during is induced by the interaction of currently active dislocations hardening after orthogonal loadingpath changes.Cross-hardening metal forming (SMBF). Ferritic steels an other materials exhibit cross- Sheet metals undergo several loading path changes insheet-bulk Dortmund TU (IUL), University Components Lightweight and Technology Instiute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Components (IUL), The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) T. Clausmeyer A. Latif Y. Song 2 ebi Uiestt Hannover; Universität Leibniz 1 ; G. Buffa G. ; 1 ; L.Hua 1 ; G.Gerstein 1 ; G.Ingarao 1 J Lu J. ; 2 ; F. Gutknecht 1 ; P. Zhou 1 ; L.Fratini 3 1 Instiute of Forming ; W. Wu 3 ; F.Nürnberger ; 1 ; 1 Universityof 1 ; 1 Wuhan 2 ; A. Tekkaya Damage in Formed Components : for Predictions Model and Strategies Calibration of Assessment rpris n Sprlsi Bhvo o A58 Sheets: AA5083 of Behavior Dastgiri Superplastic and Properties the Mechanical on Methods Preparation Specimen of Influence data to assessthequality of prediction. predicted massdensity andstrength are compared to experimental high-resolution scanningelectron microscopy measurements. The to their prediction qualitiesinterms of void evolution basedon and applied to air bending. Both strategies are analysed with regard void on experimental analysis isperformed for aGurson-Tvergaard-Needleman based model strategy identification parameter a calibre rolling with subsequent forward rod extrusion. Additionally, model isusedto predict the void evolution intheprocess chainof macroscopic quantities isappliedto aLemaitre damage model. This the parameter on based scheme identification parameter A for presented. is fraction area void the methodology of prediction accurate an robust enables that identification and efficient an work, for theprediction of suchproperties needto be calibrated. Inthis such as mass density, strength and elastic stiffness. Material models properties component affect voids of evolution and existence The Lightweight Components (IUL), TU DortmundUniversity n xedd T Dcie rcue oe fr Bod ag of States: Range Stress Broad a for Model Fracture Ductile GTN Extended An have a greater surface roughness. that revealed also investigation micro-cracks are more prevalent at the edges of SEM specimens that The elongation. greater of have values (Ra) roughness mean arithmetic lower have edges The microscopic investigation revealed that specimens whose smaller increments alsoleadsto slightly greater elongation values. and uniform elongation. Moreover, milling by removing material in milled specimensresulted inconsiderably greater values of total quality of theedgeandmechanical properties. It was found that prior andafter tension tests to analyze therelation between the Optical microscopy andscanningelectron microscopy were used rates. strain quasi-static and 450°C at out carried tests tensile from and conventional milling.Mechanical properties were cutting determined waterjet wire-EDM, shear, methods: different 4 using prepared were specimens sheet AA5083 study, this In materials. sheet of characterization on effect considerable a has qualityEdge measurements. is assessedby comparing numerical prediction with experimental inverse the through calibrated analysisunderdifferent states. stress The are validity newof the model parameters the and Explicit ABAQUS/ into implemented been has model GTN extended The combine thesetwo damagecontributions duringthedeformation. nucleation into account. A novel effective damage is constructed to variable taking the void rotation, distortion and secondary voids. The void shear damage is proposed as thesecond damage growth, inner-necking of primary voids andnucleation of secondary damage variable is void volumetric damagedueto thenucleation, first The contributions. stress deviatoric and stress hydrostatic the affect toorder in modelGTN intointroduced are variablesdamage negative stress triaxiality loadings.Inthisproposition, two internal damage andfracture of metallic materials under high,low and This contribution provides anextended GTN model for predicting University 1 ; L.Kiawi 1 ; T.Clausmeyer H. Wu 1 ; I.SariSarraf 1 ; X. Zhuang 1 ; 1 1 Institute of Forming Technology and ; D. Green 1 A. Schowtjak ; Z. Zhao 1 ; 1 University of Windsor 1 ; 1 1 ; O. Hering hnhi io Tong Jiao Shanghai 1 ; R.Meya M. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 25 ; 1 ; R. ; 1 The Ohio The Ohio 2 Y. Aoyagi Y. ; B. Reedlunn 1 Georgia Institute of of Institute Georgia 2 Georgia Institute of of Institute Georgia 1 ; A. Jones ; 1 1 ; Y. Yoo ; Y. 1 ; E. Corona 1 Tohoku University; Tohoku 1 Sandia National Laboratories; Laboratories; National Sandia 1 ; 2 ; 2 J. Kacher www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; S. Kramer 1 H. Lim ; D. McDowell ; D. 1 ; F. Pourboghrat ; F. 2 Technology ranging from multiscale processes, is an inherently Ductile fracture dislocation collective to mechanisms nanoscale crack nucleation interactions ranging across hundreds of microns. approaches multiscale characterization requires these processes Understanding that reflect the nature of way in such a data quantify to is the ability multiscale approaches theprocesses. A factor key In this the length scales. passed between can be information that in these microscopy multiscale electron of discuss the application will talk, I techniques to understanding fracture different loading in conditions. Heat Al treatable a range 6xxx of composed are as they case study interesting especially alloys Al alloys provide an under particles, intermetallic particles, including distributed secondary of well as and precipitates, single microns, of dispersoids on the order will Results materials. polycrystalline to inherent as heterogeneities and the general processes ductile fracture of be discussed in terms understanding to microscopy multiscale electron of applicability and failure. deformation State University State metal polycrystalline produce to used techniques Processing with associated orientations crystal in preferred result often alloys models are plasticity anisotropic various While plastic anisotropy. used to predict final shapes and catastrophicprevent failure, more various at tests mechanical multiple models require predictive orientations and stress states to fitorder many to model parameters. efficiently In characterize finiteplasticity tests, without mechanical element crystal extensive predictand plastic method anisotropy (CPFEM) simulations from using EBSD and XRD measurements are performed and initial compared microstructural with data experiments. tests Tensile of Al7079 at various directions are is shown It and r-values. response stress-strain obtain to performed and that incorporating grain the CPFEM morphology texture model of Al7079 captures anisotropic mechanical behavior and r-values well. reasonably In addition, various factors that may influence the investigated. are prediction the anisotropy of accuracy Simulated Microstructure Effects on Properties Based Macroscopic on Mechanical Multiscale Crystal : Plasticity Technology metal in sheet deformation causes complex state stress Multiaxial mechanical show rolling severely by produced metals Sheet forming. While crystal texture. rolling on the strong depending anisotropy information microstructure actual considering simulations plasticity observation microscopic of with developing attention has attracted of determines metals generally test tensile uniaxial using a However, the method. (EBSD) electron backscattered diffraction by simulation plasticity the crystal used for properties mechanical pattern plasticity crystal In this study, anisotropy. neglecting the mechanical investigate is carried out to metals rolled on severely simulation the effectsof microstructuresof metals on mechanical properties. based on analyses plasticity crystal by predicted are Yield surfaces the microstructure observed using EBSD method and stress-strain curves obtained uniaxial and by biaxial tensile tests. value Extreme distributions of mechanical properties estimate the effects of the microstructures. Relating to via Microstructure Alloys Deformation in Al Multiscale Electron : Microscopy Investigating Plastic Anisotropy Al7079 Investigating of Using Plastic Anisotropy Crystal Plasticity : Simulations Kobayashi T. Park T. ; 1 ; A. ; 1 ; J. Hu 1 Technical Technical 1 ; 1 ; J. Signorelli 1 Oak Ridge National National Ridge Oak 2 K. Raghavan ; S. Weiss 1 M. Stout AK Steel; Steel; AK 1 ; 2 ; A. Nikitin 1 ; X. Sun 2 E. Ermilova ; J. J. Cheng ; 2 ; X. Hu 1 Instituto de Física Rosario, CONICET, Universidad Nacional Nacional Universidad CONICET, Rosario, Física de Instituto 1 ; 1 Rosario and Kuczynski, scale, Marciniak a laboratory designed We limit-strain from history the deformation record to device testing a commercially test to and used this equipment experiments designated Zn20 sheet and norm analysis, Bragard the with calculated a were strains limit drawing-quality steel. Reference ISO 12004-2, and we compared these approach based results on Pearson’s to correlation coefficient. The a Bragard time-history to instability the necking of outside deformations the uses analysis studies approach time-history the while limits, strain the calculate the highly For within the plastic instability. history the deformation rate-sensitive Zn20 the Bragard standard results steel, sensitive strain-rate is moderately the For states. strain conservative for all in balanced-biaxial identical nearly were techniques the two from for conservative again is analysis Bragard the However, tension. indicate results Our deformations. and uniaxial-tension plane-strain to should be combined analysis temporal and the Bragard that diagram. forming-limit the optimal obtain Constitutive Hardening Model Development for Evolving Microstructural Materials Phase : Constituents with Roatta Tuesday AM | July 27, 2021 | 9:15 - 10:15 AM | 9:15 - 10:15 2021 27, July | AM Tuesday Laboratories Session Chair: H. Lim, Sandia National Forming Limit Results Comparing the Bragard Technique with a Statistical, : Analysis Deformation-history Rob Wagoner Honorary Symposium I Symposium Honorary Wagoner Rob The Local Strain Evolution for Structured Uniaxial : Deformation Sheet Metals during Laboratory and metastable steels high strength advanced generation Next in their evolution considerable stainless grades show austenitic of transformation due to phase constituents microstructural to The austenite during deformation. martensite into austenite temperature, depends on strain rate, transformation martensite austenite dependent composition mode and intrinsic deformation different at behavior strain stress examine we study, this In stability. strain rates (0.001/s – 1000/s) for representative advanced high and steels Q&P containing austenite generation third strength several of Applicability stainless steels. austenitic metastable and phenomenological both models, hardening constitutive describe the to explored modeling, are based on transformation data. stress-strain experimental University of Brandenburg at Cottbus-Senftenberg at Brandenburg of University commonly to alternatives can be progressive materials Structured used flat sheets because stability compared their of to higher flat sheet bending metals, made stiffness information accurate requires metals sheet of The application and of the alloy. same are Such data behavior. and deformation strength their regarding not commonly available and have to be measured by specifictest obtain is to work this aim of The tests. of ups and implementation set structured mechanisms of about deformation knowledge new sheet metals. Structured sheet metals (SSM) made conventional of deep-drawing steel DC04 were investigated by means of tensile tests. The influence of strains local of The evolution analyzed. was the behaviour deformation structuretype arrangement as well as strain gauge measurements means of by analyzed was on the 3D-displacement measurements with an ARAMIS high resolution camera-system. Local orientation changes in diffraction backscatter electron the using different measured were elements structural technique. E. Pavlina The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 26 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Yi 1.7-2.0GPaBendability: Enhanced and of TensileStrength with Steels Hardening Press Generation New efficiency and accuracy are summarized. acceleration are compared, andrecommendations basedon artificial of amounts and conditions, boundary types, element finite Differing study. process this of objective validation the is and which considered, be verification must extensive element an afinite DSIF, of modeldevelop confidently To element scales. length finite multiple today’s of nonlinear contact, and triaxial stress states that range across limits rotations, finite the one, approach that strains true to due formulations pushes high-fidelity for DSIF need Moreover, a is there deformation so, simulations of DSIF that unravel underlying theseunderlying complexities. And the DSIF. of in mechanisms control) (and understanding of is anongoingchallenge. These challengesarisedueto alack DSIF for arbitrary designs with respect to accuracy andformability controlling However, energy-efficient. competitively is production, rapid-prototyping manufacturing process for metal forming a that, for low-volume is (DSIF) Forming Incremental Double-Sided 2 Ratcheting: F. Yoshida Model: Elastic-plastic Transition, Closure of Stress-strain Loop and Descriptions of Several Cyclic Plasticity Phenomena Based on Y-U ie Iceetl Forming: Incremental Double- for sided Models Computational of Accuracy the Advancing experimental observations inadvanced high-strength steel sheets. simulation of stress-strain responses with thecorresponding needed. The model was validated by comparing thenumerical For theabove modeling,noadditional material parameters are of acyclic stress-strain hysteresis loopandratcheting are presented. plastic region isdiscussed.Furthermore, thedescriptions of closure modulus. Cyclic plasticity modelingfor thesubsequent small-scale is directly associated with theplastic-straindependent chord of description of the nonlinear unloading,itistreated asthenonlinear elasticity, which with along nonlinear law, unloading-reloading stress-strain behavior. For modeling hardening kinematic (Y-U) Yoshida-Uemorithe on based modeling This paper constitutive its describes importance. ofvital is process, unloading specifically of stress-strain response intheelastic-plastictransitionregion, For numerical simulation of springback, an accurate description enhanced bendability are alsodiscussed. oxidation is it yet and resistant at hot stampingtemperature. Mechanisms of pre-coating achieving any have not does 1.7Gpa, of hot stampingprocess. The second steel, with atensile strength is coated with aluminumsilicon to avoid oxidation andscalingduringthe of2.0Gpa, strength a tensile with steel, first The steels. This paper investigates increased bendability of two new press hardening However, wt%. in 1.5Gpa 0.30-0.35 carbon content often reduces fracture resistance under bending. exceeding to strength carbon increasing with by components hardened press a designimperative for automotive industry, itisdesired to utilize increasinglylightweightingbecomes vehicleAs1.5GPa. of strength tensile a achieve can which carbon, wt% in 0.22-0.24 with 22MnB5 economy. The commercial steel grade is the boron-containing bodystructure to increase safety andreduce vehicle’s massfor improved fuel a in used widely are components hardened Press Ehmann Northwestern University 1 ; 1 General Motors China The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 2 ; J. Cao J. ; 2 ; 1 National Institute of Standards and Technology; 1 ; 1 CEM Institute Corporation N. Moser J. Wang 1 ; D. Leem 1 ; Q. Lu 2 ; S.Liao 1 ; X.Xiong 2 ; K. 1 ; H. at Elevatedat Temperature: Modeling : and Characterization Anisotropic Plasticity and Ductile Fracture of Titanium Alloy Sheet Invited specimen rupture. as the maximum equivalent plastic strain at the punch stroke of identified was strain fracture The curve. simulated numerically the measured values of thepunchingforce andstroke correspond with Consequently, theSwift parameters were derived to ensure that the repeated to optimize the parameters of Swift’s work-hardening law.was test punching shear the of FEA Subsequently, (FEA). analysis element finite the using analysis inverse for recorded were stroke thickness were successfully deformed, and the punching force and mm 1.0 of sheets steel SKD11 deformation. material to due stress minute punch-dieclearance was usedto increase thecompression the as used was test low stress-triaxiality suppresses material punching fracture. Furthermore, a shear a tests, tensile in SKD11 of behavior brittle the to Due (SKD11). die-steel hardened a of strain fracture and parameters work-hardening the identified study This Yang SKD11 SteelSKD11 Using Shear Punching Test: Hardened of Measurement Strain Fracture and Hardening Work Session Chair:F. Yoshida, CEMInstitute Corporation Tuesday AM | July 27, 2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Loading II of Metals under Proportional andNon-proportional Characterization of Plasticity andDuctileFracture Shen toward (SD) Model: Developments Super-Dislocations Wagoner Gain Some the of for Simplification and Accounting Effect Models Hardening CPFEM Boundary the on Review Critical A loading conditions. plasticity andductilefracture under various thermal-mechanical in anisotropy the describing for model proposed the verifies ones The comparison between the experimental results and numerical to simulation smoothly FE present theevolution of plasticity andfracture behaviors. into implemented numerically and established damage, a heat related discontinuous plasticity-fracture model is anisotropy and plasticity on temperature of effects the considering alloy during various thermal-mechanical loading conditions. Then, revealing thedistinctanisotropic yield andfracture evolution of the a yield-fracture locusinthestress planeisattempted to beplotted, different loading directions under along various temperatures are conducted, and experiments the Thus, described. accurately and may becomplicated andurgently needto befully understood related anisotropic plasticity, damage and fracture of thematerial thermal-mechanical coupling effects, the non-uniform deformation hard-to-form materials suchastitaniumalloy sheets. However, under Heat assistant approach ispromising to promote theformability of the simplifiedmodel is evaluated. is developed with an emphasis on its simplification. Performance of the reviews, Wagoner critical on these super-dislocations (SD) model Based for grain boundar evolution. hardening profile slip ideal” or “real the to Comparison 3) model, composite two-phase simple the to Comparison 2) model, the in gradients key The 1) aspects: 3 from critically reviewed are effect boundary grain for accounting crystalin plasticityModels CPFEM method element finite (CPFEM). topic difficult but important an is effect hardening boundary Grain Shouji 1 1 ; R.Chen ; 2 ; M.Ohata 1 Northwestern Polytechnical University 1 ; G.Liu 2 ; 1 Tottori University; 1 ; 1 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2 Osaka University T. Matsuno 1 ; K.Nakagiri H. Li 1 1 ; H. ; H. Y. Y. TECHNICAL PROGRAM 27 ; ; 1 2 ; E. 2 ; R. Sekar 2 A. Ramirez ; J. Avila 1 The Ohio State The Ohio State 1 ; S. Chung 4 ; 1 R. Giorjao The Ohio State University; University; State Ohio The 1 ; 3 ; J. Yoo 1 MFRC 2 ; M. McDonnell M. Joun 3 Combat Capability Development Center - Center Development Capability Combat 4 ; A. Tschiptschin 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; M. Eff 1 EWI; 3 R. Giorjao R. ; A. Ramirez NASA; NASA; 3 2 ; USP 2 3 UNESP; Gyeongsang National University; University; National Gyeongsang thickness of the sheet was 0.1mm. In case of the thin metal sheet of of sheet metal thin the of case In 0.1mm. was sheet the of thickness few are there joining, but butt overlap not especially thickness, such previous researches. The difficulties are sheet rigidity, tool shape and tool position control. Because it is difficult shaped formto the semispherical accurately, shape complicated having probe the the position to and moved rotated was tool The used. was tool adhesion avoid To pushing load. static the prescribed decided by was plate backing a ceramic and a backing plate, sheets between selected. Effects of the joining when the tool Only examined. were weldability rotation on pushing load speed and the prescribed adhesion metallic load change by characteristic the successful, was observed. was and sheets the tool between Temperature and Deformation Modeling Welding Process in AZ31 Magnesium : for Alloy the Friction Stir 1 2 Friction welding Friction stir (FSW) is a solid state joining process that uses Yet, join materials. to tool a rotating by generated heat frictional material complex due to processing, the material in role the tool understood. In this and not its entirely difficult modeling, is still flow aimed model solid mechanics numerical a computational matter, to simulate the FSW process in an model uses AZ31 an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian code alloy in two different is proposed. This pin profile tools, withthreaded unthread and velocity deformation, provide to in the model applied was pins. technique Point tracking velocity that noticed was It conditions. both data temperature and Finally, condition. threaded in the values higher have rate and strain and model applied in a grain size was tracking data the point of good consistency showing microstructure, the real to compare by calculated behavior and deformation temperature the predicted the model. : Steel Armor of Joining Applied in Welding Stir Friction Fabricating light weight assembly of auto-parts is of great importance importance great is of auto-parts of assembly weight light Fabricating attractive very is plastic deformation using and joining technology In developing reliability. and structural high strength because of high with technology prediction processes, assembling such and minimize system the structural optimize to is essential accuracy not are technologies the related However, the manufacturing cost. still sufficiently developed for the sakeapplication of of because complexity of the problem. Joining and other assembly processes simulation. forming metal a multibody of requirement the highlight elastoplastic conducting of methodology improved an paper, this In several and given is processes multi-body of analysis element finite residual or stresses interfacial of in terms solved are examples an of simulation multi body A and solution accuracy. stresses the hubfirst-generation bearing unit is carried of process assembly this methodology. of the applicability illustrate to validated out and University; University; Ground Vehicle Systems Center Systems Vehicle Ground Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining technique In this a joint. into materials two stir to that tool non-consumable utilizes Wrought weld used to and developed were parameters FSW study hardness micro Metallography, steel. Armor Homogeneous predict to also employed was modeling thermal and indention, the joint’s properties. Through this work parameters and were micrographs the Examining weld. free defect make down- to selected SEM images, the microstructure appeared to be fully martensitic. The martensite found in the stir zone (SZ) and heat affectedzone the micro When examining well. as auto-tempering has undergone hardness profile of the weld, some level that indicate would it appearsThis base metal. the of that close to that the SZ hardness is a leaving process, welding during the is occurring tempering of microstructure. martensitic tempered Elastoplastic Finite Element Analysis Joining for of Mechanical : Parts Multi-body Processes Monlevade W. W. Evans ; 1 J. ; M. 3 ; A. Danno 1 ; Y. Takahashi ; Y. 2 National Institute of of Institute National K. Fong 3 Singapore Institute of of Institute Singapore 1 ; 1 ; M. Okada 2 ; W. Ong ; W. 1 University of Fukui; Fukui; of University 2 ; T. Miura ; T. 1 CEM Institute Corporation CEM Institute 1 ; 1 University of Waterloo of University 1 ; 1 ; T. Muraoka ; T. 1 ; S. Jirathearanat 1 Kagawa University; University; Kagawa 1 ; C. Butcher 1 ; 2 The VDA 238-100 tight-radius bend test has provides it because decade the past received over industry from attention significant a proportional plane strain – plane stress state until fracture. It will as punch force vertical the of the adoption that be demonstrated false positives. lead to can detection failure for the unique metric the angles due to bend large at reduce will The punch force Two failure. material of in the absence even the test mechanics of and stress principal based on the nominal methods detection novel the plastic work were evaluated on six different steel grades with a nominal ultimate tensile strength of 590 approximately MPa. For the level, strength with the same materials ranking of performance distinguish to sensitive sufficiently be to found is metric work plastic hardening material the since grades steel MPa 590 various between embedded. is directly rate Most of sheet-metal forming simulations assume that the anisotropy the anisotropy that assume simulations forming sheet-metal of Most However, process. forming the throughout constant fixed is sheet a of with increasing evolution anisotropy apparent show some materials description of a framework presents This paper plastic deformation. which function, yield anisotropic an where evolution, anisotropy of varies continuously varies with of levels discrete two at yield functions two between interpolation plastic strain, is definedplastic strain. The aseffectof anisotropyevolution was examined an for as hydraulic such processes, forming metal sheet types of several drawing, cruciform-shaped and drawing, bulging, conical-cup by performing these experiments on a mild steel and type-5000 aluminum sheets together with the corresponding finite element (FE) simulations. From the comparison of FE simulations with of the description that concluded was it the results, experimental simulation. accurate for is essential evolution anisotropy New Methods for Fracture Detection of Automotive : Steels Noder Joining by Forming and Deformation II and Deformation Forming by Joining AM - 11:20 | 10:20 2021 27, July | AM Tuesday University Jiaotong Session Chair: Z. Huang, East China Mechanical Properties of Composite Fabricated by Extrusion Aluminum-stainless : Process Steel Bimetal Invited Effect of Anisotropy Evolution Several on Sheet Yoshida : F. Processes Metal Forming Otsu Manufacturing Technology Manufacturing designed to was process extrusion an indirect work, In this The aluminium composite. reinforced a stainless steel manufacture of the deformation prevent to mandrel a feeding design utilized wire the of the embedding facilitate to and wire steel stainless the using this method, By during extrusion. within the aluminium alloy a 12 mm diameter 6061 aluminium alloy embedded with a 2 mm diameter 304 stainless and aluminium that revealed steel spectroscopy X-ray Energy-dispersive wire was successfully fabricated. iron elements had diffusedinto the interfacial layer between metallurgical of some degree induce to aluminium-stainless steel the to and elongation strength tensile yield strength, The bonding. heat solution and aging after composite the extruded of failure treatment were yield strength, aluminium, extruded to compared As respectively. 343.8±5.5MPa, 405.3±5.1MPa improved were failure to and elongation strength tensile ultimate and This result suggests that the 41.8%, 31.6% and 18.0±1.3%, by 6.3%, respectively. as compared and toughness strength has better material composite aluminium alone. to Spot Butt Friction Stir Welding of H. Yoshimura Thin Stainless Steel : Sheets Technology, Kagawa College Kagawa Technology, is sheets thin stainless steel of welding butt friction stir Spot proposed. The used material was 18%Cr-8%Ni stainless steel and D. Kumar D. The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 28 TECHNICAL PROGRAM B. Arian Forming of Parts with Locally Defined Mechanical and Mechanical Defined Locally with Parts Ferromagnetic Properties by Flow-forming: of Forming forging. boundaries, resulting in thesmall anduniform grains of the aviation process canbeattained, which caninhibitthemigration of thegrain and precipitates of theforging formed by theisothermal forging The TEM images show that a homogeneous distributed dislocations homogeneity inboth the size and the distribution of grain structure. with theoptical micrographs of theaviation forging, showing good Gleeble-1500. The cellular automaton simulation results agree well compression experiment onthethermal-mechanical simulator of thecellular automaton models were determined by thehot well asgraingrowth model was established,andtheparameters including dislocation density model,nucleation rate equation as alloy,aluminum 7A85 ofmodel automatonautomaton cellular The simulation. cellular and (TEM) microscope (OM), electron microscope transmission optical by investigated was microstructure its was successfully formed by theisothermal forging process, and websthin and ribs high componentaviationwith aluminum A7085 applications. properties could beconsiderably improved for future practical thermomechanical microstructural the features specific the to Due conditions. processing corresponding the and ECAP by controlled is strength materials the that found was It temperatures. different at tests tensile bycharacterized is materialECAP the of properties affected using different configurations. Furthermore, the mechanical show results The that microstructural changesandprecipitation kinetics could be (EBSD). Diffraction Backscatter Electron using aluminum sheets is investigated. The microstructure isexamined mechanicalmicrostructureofand propertiesthe D)on and AA7075 bulk different at ECAP of 225 and 150 of 75, (20, temperatures effect ECAP the contribution this about In metals. knowledge sheet on ECAP of effect profound the on information little only a is there materials, is there While refinement. bygrain propertiesimprovementmechanical of the for method established an is (ECAP) pressing angular Equal-channel 2 7A85 of 1 Forging IsothermalComponent: Aviation Aluminum during Evolution Microstructure Session Chair:D. Hughes,SandiaNational Laboratories Tuesday AM | July 27, 2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Microstructure Development by Forming I Frint A05 he Mtl rcse b ECAP: by Processed Metal Sheet AA7075 CANCELLED: processes. of properties by using micromagnetic sensors during spinning be produced. The aimof thisongoing work isaclosedloopcontrol sensory properties, e.g.for amagnetic displacement sensor, can forming flow process. orThis way axially gradedandlocally spinning varying mechanical and a using stage, deformation same the % at 80 to negligible almost from volume martensite alpha an with temperature Td it was possibleto produce local restricted areas deformation and Δs reduction thickness wall parameters process temperature inthedeformation zone. By selective adjustment of the highly dependent onthedegree of deformation andthe workpiece on thestrength andthemagnetic permeability of thematerial, is influence an has which martensite, alpha deformation-induced of functions isadvised.By usingaustenitic steel, the volume fraction parts a locally adoption of required strength and integrated formed for resources material of use efficient highly a Togenerate Yanshan University; Institute of Materials Science andEngineering 2 ; M. Wagner; The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; 1 Paderborn University Microstructure and Thermomechanical Properties of 2 ; W.Volk 2 Central SouthUniversity 1 ; 1 Chair of Metal Forming andCasting; H. Jianliang C) and processing routes (A, C (A, routes processing and °C) M. Gruber E. Wiens 1 ; Y. Yi 2 ; M. Jin M. ; 1 ; W.Homberg 1 ; C. Illgen 1 ; H.Bo 2 ; P. 1 1 ; ; Sitko M. Liu Wagner the shear strainimpliedinthematerial can beobtained. and metal sheet Aluminum for process ECAP the in development inversely. Inthis way, fundamental correlations between theheat measured with thermocouples andthefrictioncanbecalibrated By drillingholesinthematerial theforming temperature canbe To validate thenumerical results, experiments are performed. investigate thedissipated forming heat andtheheat dueto friction. to examine thenovel process. The simulation isperformed to In this contribution a thermomechanical simulation model is used mm. 1.8 of thickness a with metals for is ECAP-tests perform to which able developed was tool a of Therefore effect metals. the sheet on on ECAP information little only is there ECAP materials, about bulk knowledge of profound a is there While strains. shear improvement of mechanical properties by the grain refinement for through method established an is pressing angular Equal-channel 2 1 Study of the Influence of the Mixed-grain Structure onthe Structure Mixed-grain the of MicroscopicDeformation Behavior Influence of Steel316LN : the of Study presented. cellular automata static recrystallization simulation results are also on influence their and data microstructural obtained of Examples In state. microstructureto generate representative volume element was developed. 3D on data the second case,numerical input Monte Carlograingrowth model provide to used are method sectioning serial based diffraction backscattered electron from results case, first the In presented. are and developed were simulation of deformation conditions andsubsequent heat treatment for approaches generation of digital microstructure model subjected to numerical Two different are used. modelling element finite after deformation, thedigital material representation concept and crystallographic orientation as well asdistributionof stored energy properly capture local heterogeneities, ingrainmorphology, model of recrystallization istheoverall goal of theresearch. To Development of thecomplex three dimensional cellular automata for Aluminum Sheet Metal: ExperimentalThermomechanicaland AnalysisValidation ECAPof fine grains. is capableto leadthecrackinitiation intheinterface of MCGs and partitioning ability of MCGs were limited. This deformation behavior strain the showed which grains, fine the than deformation severer displayed smooth grainmorphologies. The interior MCGs undertook forming distinguishedbumpy grainboundaries, while theMCGs deformation, the in easily rotated seen were grains fine The MCGs. with hard orientation. Obvious slip bands were observed in the slip if they were with soft orientation, andcross slipif they were (MCGs). Results showed that thedeformation of theMCGs exhibited single grains coarse millimeter-grade Tensile tests and EBSD as well as with OM observations were performed. structures and mixed grains fine uniform heterogeneity: deformation microscopic two kindsof grainstructures were tested for observation of material,investigated an as steel stainless Takingaustenitic 316LN Mixed-grains are common microstructures for heavy forgings. Cellular Automata Model of Static Recrystallization : Static of Model Automata Cellular 3D Based RepresentationMaterialDigital the in Preparation Data AGH University of Science and Technology Institute of Materials Science andEngineering, TU Chemnitz 1 ; M.Mojzeszko 1 ; Z.Cui 2 ; W.Volk 1 ; 1 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 ; 1 Chairof Metal Forming Casting, and Munich; TU 1 ; L.Rychlowski M. Gruber 1 ; D. Zych 1 ; Y. Yang 1 ; K.Perzynski 1 ; C.Illgen Y. Li L. Madej 2 1 ; P. Frint ; H.Zhang 1 ; G.Cios 2 1 ; ; M. M. 1 1 ; ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 29 ; ; 1 3 ; S. ; 1 TED 2 ; M. Hahn 1 ; M. Bakkal M. ; 2 ; T. Kuboki T. ; 1 Woodruff School of 2 ; O. Music O. ; 1 ; T. Clausmeyer ; T. The University of Electro- 2 1 ; 2 ; M. Horikoshi M. ; 1 ; C. Saldana E. Sariyarlioglu 2 S. Kajikawa www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; K. Kanayama 2 ; Jost E. 1 Kyoto University Kyoto 2 Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Lightweight and Technology Forming of Institute 1 Istanbul Technical University Technical Istanbul ; 1 3 S. Rosenthal ; K. Umemura 2 Istanbul Istanbul Technical University and Repkon Machinery; Combined Combined Computed Tomography for the and Analysis of Bending of Numerical Additively Manufactured Cellular : Sheets Modeling Components Components (IUL), TU Dortmund University; Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology of Institute Georgia Engineering, Mechanical manufactured (AM) Additively metallic sheets with internal cellular a higher This enables a bending operation. in formed are structures and strain design freedom due to potential lightweighting of degree wall with structures those of (CT) tomography Computer hardening. thicknesses of 0.3 mm reveal manufacturing inaccuracies of AM-process between the the CAD and actual geometry of up to 30%. unit cells the of deviation the geometric that shows The CT-data evaluate is used to based on CT-data model surface A is periodic. volume-meshing strategies in a finite element With the CT-based model, structure. the core of the periodicity from benefiting force-displacement predicting in accuracy the model, numerical CAD-based the ideal to when compared can be increased, response actual the of representation accurate that is demonstrated model. It prediction a correct for is critical model in the numerical geometry localization of investigation and the bending behavior the of phenomena during deformation. Analysis of Tube Spinning: 1 Tanaka Tube spinning is a continuous bulk forming technique to produce produce to technique bulk forming continuous spinning is a Tube the last six decades, tubes. Over and contoured seamless, conical of range wide a in applied been has process spinning tube aerospace, in automotive, especially engineering applications; has seen the process However, industry. and defense nuclear volume a large despite importantly, no change, and more little or the of understanding process, the investigating literature of papers are references and the key mechanics is limited process published about 50 years ago in the U.S.A. and Japan. This paper mechanism of mechanics, looking into the process investigates The window. operating and process modes failure deformation, with implicit time model using a numerical is investigated process integration and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method trials using (ALE). with physical validated and has been developed model The into insight provide to used and package software FE commercial a mechanics. process aspects of key Fluidity of the Wood Composite Combined with Natural on Binder Injection : Molding Research and development for processing technology of naturally- of technology processing for and development Research mass preventing been demanded for have material derived proposed have Authors plastics. petroleum-derived of disposal binder, with natural composite wood new injection molding of composite wood The acid. citric and sucrose of composed is which and then molding when heated, be deformable to is plasticized is possible. In this study, effect of the natural binder mixture content ratio and of the sucrose and the citric wood acid composite on on fluidity of injection the molding was composite wood was plasticizing the for temperature optimum investigated. At first, Based on these test. and extrusion analysis thermal by investigated obtained was carried out. Product was injection molding results, The high. was composite wood the of fluidity the when successfully fluiditywas improved with an increaseof the bindercontent, and 75:25. was and the citric acid the sucrose of ratio mixture optimum Communications; Communications; A. Tekkaya University; ; 1 ; P. ; P. 1 ; H. Mofidi ; S. Härtel S. ; 1 1 J. Domitner R. Laue ; K. Okuda 1 T. Ohashi T. School School of Science and Engineering, 1 ; 1 Graz University of Technology of Graz University 1 ; 1 Chemnitz University of Technology of Chemnitz University 1 ; T. Nishihara ; T. 1 ; 1 ; C. Sommitsch 1 An innovative pipe bending process supported by hydrostatic hydrostatic by supported process bending pipe innovative An pressure was patented for in producing 1995. butt-welding fittings This dimensional which specifications process particularly of fulfil was the the MSS ASME designed SP-43 B16.9, standards. Since the SP-75 MSS work This use. common patent for available is now the bending process and has meanwhile expired, presents a finite element (FE) model build in the software package bend to window process the suitable determining for LS-DYNA defect-free butt-welding fittings.applied The for investigating bending model of a based 90° on a exemplarily stainless was straight pipe steel of nominal pipe elbow size (NPS) 6. an of geometry the with Comparing elbow the of geometry calculated the dimensional good very revealed elbow produced industrially This agreement. confirms that the presented can model be utilized for allow which conditions process suitable determining for components. defect-free producing Producing for Uniform ProfileHollow Using Heat Treatment Local : Profile-forming Rotation Radial by Components Tabatabaei The two principal process steps of Radial Rotation Profile-Forming profile radial subsequent the and preform the of production the are wrinkles production part. During the preform the hollow of forming in the indentation directly wrinkles can be formed and these occur used are wrinkles the step, process second the In mandrel. the of to form the finishprofile of component.the However, thinning In this case, high sheet indentation. in every wrinkle formed there is no and inhomogeneous properties occurs due to forming of the final profile. To avoid this disadvantage,is local a carried laser out to control the treatment heat wrinkling for the in wrinkling occurs and areas hardening local leads to treatment first time. The laser indentation. in every basic material strength with the lower the area heat laser the of investigation numerical and experimental The shown. are forming steps on the two and the influence treatment Novel Processes I Processes Novel AM - 11:20 2021 | 10:20 27, July AM | Tuesday Hampshire New of University B. Kinsey, Session Chair: Transcription of Mirror-finished Surface onto A5083 Alloy Plate by Friction : Stir Forming Aluminum Kokushikan University Kokushikan In this study, the surface mirror- a with smoothing plate effectalloy was aluminum A5083 investigatedJIS with on forming stir friction plate material a experiment, the In die. electroformed nickel finished on its conducted was while friction stirring on the die placed was caused by and heat the high pressure Furthermore, back surface. die and the deformation, material lead to process friction-stir the surface profilewas transferredto the material. Theaverage of the of (Rz) profile of height maximum and (Ra) height mean arithmetical micrometers 17 and 2 from improved were surface plate material achieved the was improvement This respectively. micrometers, 9 and 1 to and Ra roughness whose surface uses a die, that a process through Rz were 1 and 8 micrometers, respectively. the Moreover, finished surface details were investigated, including its surface profile and by mechanism the transcript and discussion of microstructure, spectrum analysis using maximum entropy presented. method (MEM) was Numerical Simulation of Pipe Bending Supported by Pressure for Hydraulic Manufacturing Butt-welding Fittings: Auer B. Awiszus The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 30 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Homberg in Extrusion: in Experimental Study on Texture Evolution of Mg-Y Magnesium Alloy Session Chair:G.Daehn, OhioState University Tuesday AM | July 27, 2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Rob Wagoner Honorary Symposium II Y. Yoshikawa MaterialSoft Using MethodNew Tools DevelopmentPrintingof a : sn Invtv Si Forming: Spin Innovative Using Manufactured Applications Processing Food for Blades Cutting by combination of average pressure and work piece shape. tools showed that thegoodcondition for highaccuracy ischanged to printing are investigated. Experimental results using soft material conditions process and of effects high accuracy surface, in metal to print pattern to uniformed In order dies. flat lower and upper tool. Aluminum disc iscompressed with soft material tool between or plasticfilm withfine pattern produced by laser printer as printing metal usingsoft material tools isdeveloped. This method usespaper need longprocessing timeandhighcost. A new printing method for beam millingandsoon.However, theseforming methods of pattern is usually produced using precision cutting, photo lithography, ion geometry of metal or plastic.Pattern onthetools of theseprocess Coining andnanoimprint are forming processes for surface micro the cuttingedge. improved surface roughness characteristics and greater strength of for manufacturing parts with locally graded characteristics, cutting blades. This paper looksinto innovative process strategies of improved manufacturingtechnologies for high-performance treatment, this is fundamental for the research and development short process times. Along with theprocess-integrated thermal for manufacturing parts with anexcellent surface roughness in on innovative spinforming processes which have highpotential at the Department for Metal Forming Technologies (LUF) is focused which causesahighexpenditure on wear. Current research work The strength of thecuttingbladesisadditionally less-than-ideal, manner, leadingto highhealthcare costs for foodborne infection. that the surface roughness is not optimized in a microbiological hence expensive production and,ontheother hand,means at present. This results, ontheonehand,intime-consuming and primarily manufactured using standardized grinding processes Cutting blades for various food processing applications are determined through simulation. multiple effective The slip modesthat operate duringthedynamicrecrystallization extrusion. are the in texture recrystallization integrated into thepolycrystal model for better predictions of the grain. Furthermore, aphenomenological multipleslipmodel is of low angleboundariesinto highangleboundariesinsideeach self-consistent (VPSC) framework by quantifying the transformation In this work, aCDRX model isimplemented into the visco-plastic closely related are to continuous dynamic recrystallization textures (CDRX) of fiber Mg alloys. {11-21} and {11-20} the of formation that showed Recent experiments component. fiber {11-21} a textureand fraction, whereas the yttrium containing alloys develop weaker recrystallized the on depending texture, fiber {10-10}-{11-20} or 10} {10- a exhibit generally alloys non-RE the extrusion, hot ofMg In alloys. formability the improve to modifiers texture has as etc., used Gd, been Ce, Y, as such elements, (RE) earth rare of Addition University The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; 1 Paderborn University 1 ; Y.Masegi D. Li 1 ; W.Tang 1 ; 1 Meijo University 1 ; D. Tang; 1 T. Rostek ; Y.Peng 1 ; 1 ; H.Makeieva 1 Shanghai Jiao TongJiao Shanghai 1 ; W. ainl University; National C. Kim Joints : RivetedSelf-piercing of Strength the for Model Predictive of anisotropy for various polycrystalline materials was evaluated. the nonlinearity of the single crystal yield function on the evolution addition to the effects of the crystal plasticity model, the influence of rate-independent crystal plasticity was rigorously investigated. In on theshapeof thecrystal yield function intheformulation of the slip rate and stress shear resolved between nonlinearity of effect systems without thenon-uniquenessproblem. Inthisstudy, the to describetheslipdeformation andplastic spin by theactive slip independent crystal plasticity model usesthecrystal yield function need to besolved at every integration point. Alternatively, therate- that equations non-linear highly stiff, numerically impose models rate-dependent modelsare computationally expensive asthese systems dueto theinterdependency of theslipsystems. These formulation to avoid thenon-uniquenessof theactive slip for thesliprate iscommonly describedby therate-dependent In typical crystal plasticity framework, theconstitutive functions National Laboratories Fullwood 1 Laboratories; compared and aseriesof numerical tests presented. general problems and materials. Results for thetwo methods are predictive nature of SD while permitting solutions for much more invoking any arbitrary parameters. The new GMmodel retains the SD assumptions andboth of theapproximate SDtreatment without 2) General Mesoscale (“GM”) model and eliminaes both of the fundamental stress), newstress).The resultinglocal back applied the exceeding not and sign internal in (opposite stress the friction a as stress integrate back the of implementation to direction along slip elements only a (i.e. element-sampling column 1) stability: two approximate treatments were adopted to achieve numerical were considered within a single slip system and grain. Separately, were assumed to dislocations be active, and 2) only like-dislocation interactions edge only 1) assumptions: fundamental simplifying emphasizing itspredictive nature. The SDmodel incorporated two stress-strain model before Nonlinear itsexistence was known experimentally, thus Pre-Yield and Confirmed behavior. The lastof these was predicted inherently Effect, by theSD Bauschinger Effect, the Hall-Petch polycrystals. the for metal achieved were predictions of quantitative behavior mechanical the constants, fit arbitrary without quantitativelyand predict, to shown previously was model) (“SD” model material FE crystal-plasticityA osat o Lnt Scales: Length Undetermined or Constants No with Treatment Strain-gradient Predictive A various combinations of sheet metals. strengths were ingoodagreements with measured values for and shear) lap cross-tension samples (orwith experimental results. The calculated tensile-shear jointed SPR the of strengths the SPR process. the of simulations The proposed analytical model element was validated by comparing finite of results the to materials. The parameters introduced in the model were referred and themechanical properties of both rivet andsurrounding geometrical relationship between arivet andjointed workpieces, prediction model hasparameters associated to thecomplex riveted (SPR) sheets was newly proposed in this study. The strength An analytical model for assessingthejoint strengths of self-piercing ofIndustrial Technology University; Park Anisotropy: of Evolution the on Effect Its and Plasticity Crystal Nonlinearity of the Crystal Yield Function in the Rate-independent h Oi Sae University; State Ohio The 1 ; J. Kim 1 ; W. Noh 3 ; M.Lee 2 2 oe University; Korea ; H.Lim 7 Washington State University 2 ; M.Lee 4 ; J. Kim 3 ; S.Nazari Tiji 5 ua Ntoa University; National Pusan 1 ; 5 1 ; H.Lim Seoul National University; 2 ua Ntoa University; National Pusan G. Zhou 3 rga Yug University; Young Brigham 6 1 ; H.Zbib ; A.Asgharzadeh 1 ; W.Chung 7 ; R. Wagoner 1 6 ; F. Pourboghrat Sandia National 2 E Homer E. ; 2 Korea Institute 1 ; 1 Ohio State 3 Sandia 4 Seoul 3 ; D. T. T. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 31 ; T. ; T. 1 Nano Nano 1 ; 2 IBF - Institute Institute - IBF 1 ; ; 1 ; E. Sakamoto 1 ; T. Fukuda ; T. 2 ; G. Hirt G. ; 1 ; K. Ito 1 Y. Kobayashi Y. ; V. Keray V. ; 1 T. Aizawa T. www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; Wolfgarten M. 1 Tokai ENgineering Service, Co., Ltd. Service, ENgineering Tokai 2 Hitachi, Ltd. 1 F. Rudolph F. ; 1 Yagami In the process design of closed die forging, various design various closed die forging, design of In the process shape stage and the die-surface of such as the number conditions the considering a designer by determined each stage are for shape accuracy, forged load restriction, requirements; process these that problem a is it design, process the During on. so and a this reason, For combinations. of a lot have design conditions using and error trial by considered has usually process forging CAE or real machine. In particular, stage and the die-surface of the number of the combination there for are numerous patterns Researches layout. process which is called each stage, shape for for improving design-operations efficiency have beenperformed. on trial- dependent design is still the process-layout Nevertheless, and-error approach. In this study, to improve the efficiency about process-layout design, automatic design system using products. disk-shaped of closed die forging for developed CAE was Forging AM - 10:15 2021 | 9:15 28, July AM | Wednesday Technology of University Wuhan Zhuang, W. Session Chair: Optimization of Open-die Forging Using Fast Models for Temperature Strain, and Grain Size : System in the Context of an Assistance Pure Pure titanium as well as beta-type titanium alloys In and forging. the stamping by parts and tools are be shaped into difficult to titanium and titanium galling prevented this chemical particular, alloys from net shaping for medical parts was die and punch SiC coated SiC beta-type study, and present fine tools. In the in with the reduction upsetting that demonstrate to developed thickness by 60 % becomes free with the diameter from wire titanium pure A surfaces. die and punch to metallic titanium transfer of 0.98 mm was prepared for upsetting experiments by the CNC (Computer Numerically that Control) reveals and stroke torque measured between relationship micro-forging system. pin a triangular to deformed plastically wire titanium circular pure The by 60 % in reduction. SEM-EDX proved that no metallic the die and punch surface. onto transferred titanium Automatic Design Development of Closed for System Die Forging Process of Disk-shaped : Products of Metal Forming, RWTH Aachen University Aachen RWTH Forming, Metal of shape, Besides one the achieving open- mainfinal intended aimof by properties the mechanical of is the adjustment die forging transforming the cast structure into a fine-grained microstructure. that way be designed in a needs to this the process achieve To such as grain size, part properties, required all achieving ensures This experience. operator of a lot requires often now which up to since system, assistance forging a of concept the presents paper designed pass- the previously from deviations small during forging an assistance errors.Such unacceptable add up to schedule might surface and part geometry of the evolution requires system with a thermographic captured which are input, as temperature equivalent then uses fast models for system The assistance camera. calculation which allow and microstructure strain, temperature of these properties for the core fibre within seconds oncontext the in theHowever, formulae. physical and basis semi-empirical of in case of advice real-time which gives system, an assistance of the long, if fairy still times are these calculation deviations, process taken are optimization process for necessary iteration of hundreds to have which deviations, of scenarios three Therefore, account. into the explore toexamined time frames,within are different be solved algorithm. optimization the chosen classical limits of Galling-free Micro-forging of Titanium Wire with High Reduction in Thickness Beta-SiC by Dies: Coat Film, LLC.; Film, LLC.; Coat Southern Southern 1 ; 1 W. Tong W. ; 1 Massachusetts Institute Institute Massachusetts 1 ; 1 ; Alharbi M. 1 C. Schuh J. Sheng J. University of California, Santa Barbara Santa California, of University 1 ; 1 Superior structural properties of materials are generally desired desired generally are materials of properties structural Superior high the temperatures, elevated as such environments, harsh in nanolaminates, Composite irradiation. and impact, of rates strain with nanoscale each layers, metal stacks of with alternating built target these of many exhibit to proving thickness, are individual can be applied to concept In principle, the nanolaminate properties. applied widely been not have they however, system; bimetallic any to materials with a close-packed hexagonal (hcp) crystal structure. deformation anisotropic complex, lies in their The roadblock developed discuss recently we In this presentation, behavior. containing composites nanostructured manufacture to methods as part deformation plastic exploit These techniques hcp metals. manufacture to the potential and have process the synthesis of structural high-performance for suitable and sizes in forms product and modeling presentation in this highlight further We applications. processed the between linkages understand to efforts experimental and mechanical mechanisms, deformation local nanostructure, performance. AM Keynote 8:15 The Fundamentals of Microparticle Impact : Materials Advanced and Alloys, Bonding in Metals, Wednesday AM | July 28, 2021 July AM | Wednesday G. Hirt, RWTH University; The Ohio State Vivek, Session Chairs: A. University Aachen AM Keynote 7:30 Using Plasticity for Making : I. Beyerlein Composites High-performance Nanostructured Wednesday Keynote Wednesday On the Newly Proposed Shear Constraint for Orthotropic Plasticity Plasticity Orthotropic for Constraint Shear Proposed Newly the On : Metals Sheet of Modeling of Technology of that manufacturing technologies materials of variety a are There build-up, material additive achieve impacts to on kinetic rely transfer. forward and laser-induced spray cold including, notably, small these manufacturing paradigms involve of The unit processes quantities of material (micrometer scale particles) and extremely high velocities (~ km/s), so the materials of extremes the impact at mysteries physical fundamental of events involve a number mechanics. This talk such impacts, involving study to in-situ methods quantitative will overview our strain rates up efforts to about 108 s-1. Using at an all-optical test platform insight provide able to are we developing the impacts, launch and observe to and erosive shock and spall, bond formation, on the mechanics of different with materials of range a exploring systematically By wear. of physics the controlling of a picture develop we properties, plastic), and (elastic properties mechanical includes which bonding, The films. surface and heat), adiabatic to (related properties thermal and engineering metals pure of variety on a work our review will talk arise in issues that on new view a also provide will and alloys glasses. metallic like materials advanced Methodist University Methodist as an the literature in recently has appeared constraint shear new A metals. sheet of criteria yield anisotropic on the restriction general out in terms carried was constraint shear such a of An evaluation of Hill’s 1948 quadratic and Gotoh’s 1977 quartic yield functions in numerical non-physical the so-call that shown was It plane stress. and strain in stress shear in pure non-equivalence their artifacts of shear The material. anisotropic an of features in fact the intrinsic are a simplifying as merely instead be regarded should itself constraint without a anisotropy reduced of assumption restrictive but overly basis. physical general The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 32 TECHNICAL PROGRAM K. Katamine lnig uce b Mas f rcs Fre ad Acoustic and Forces Process of Emission: Means by Punches Fine Blanking Carbide Cemented of Mechanisms Failure of Investigation plans comparable to thosedeveloped by anexperienced engineer. non-axisymmetric products, andcangenerate satisfactory process design of forging process includingblankingandpunchingof totally the to applicable is method GeneSteR+E the thatshow results The axisymmetric forged products, suchasanelectrical connector. knowledge base was implemented andappliedto several non- only for forging, but also blanking and punching. An experimental a blank) is obtained. The shape transformation rules are defined not reducethatnumber rules the of stepsbetween untilBEs (orbillet a orderfinalfroma forged product by applying transformation shape to according (BEs) shape separation rules.Process plansare generated inareverse elements basic termed units representation are thensplitinto axisymmetric andnon-axisymmetric shape of aforged product issplitinto outer andinner shapes, which multiple process plans without relying ondesigncases. The shape totally of non-axisymmetric shapeelements, andcangenerate Enlargement and products. It isapplicable to non-axisymmetric forged warm-forged products that consist and Reduction cold- for discussed Step is (GeneSteR+E), General termed punching, A forging process planning method, including blanking and 1 2 Punching: and Forged Blanking Non-axisymmetric Totally with of Products Planning Process based General Step Reduction and Enlargement Method for Knowledge- provide abetter understanding of energy driven machine. and development in process productivity improve might efficiency blow obtain to way new This calculated. be can efficiency blow the can predict thedistributionof theenergy duringthe simulation and to simulate forging loadandramdisplacement. Moreover, simulation process with the press model. Results show that the model is relevant forging whole ofthe simulation perform to used is simulation FE the with noconsideration of thepress behavior. Then, forging loadfrom software FE a with performed is specimen copper of upsetting the proposed to describe the behavior of a screw press. A simulation of parameters. In this paper, a spring-mass-damping vibration model is accuratelyblowsestimate efficiencybetter thus process and predict actually analyzed inorder to better understandthestroke energyenergy conversion, the stroke of part transmitted to thebillet. Thus, forging processes shouldbedeeply the quantifies is very it as efficiency blow important, of determination the processes, forging In h Smlto o Dnmc ogn Poes Apiain o a to Application Process: Forging Press: Screw Dynamic for of Model Simulation Press Spring-mass-damper the A and Model Billet FE A scrap web. flexuraltensileand asymmetrical due to loads interactions the with of cause a as off stripping during fracture to tend punches carbide Cemented S700MC.material high-strength the provokedwaswith were analyses process performed. Subsequently, basic apunchfracture of cemented carbide AE-signal, the interpret to order In The fracture pattern was analyzed related to themeasured signals. moni-toredby ofmeans processand (AE) forces.acousticemission The fracture of cemented carbidepunches was metrologically is to identify fracture mechanismsof cemented carbidepunches. mechanisms during stripping off are mostly unknown. The objective supports theapplication of cemented car-bides. The fracture of fracture mechanismsandsubsequent fracture prevention combined tensile and flexural stress collective. the The under-standing to due phase off stripping the during fracture of-ten punches However, processes. blanking carbide fine cemented in use the for compressive strength, suchascemented carbide,are investigated decrease rapidly. Materials with ahigher wear resistance and blanking, thelifetime of conventional high-speedsteel punches Due to the processing of materials with ever greater strength in fine University Machine ToolsProductionofand Engineering(WZL) RWTH Aachen Université deLorraine, Arts et Métiers ParisTech Kagoshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Technology The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) H. Voigts 1 ; K.Matsunaga J. Mull J. 1 ; R.Hild 1 ; C.Durand 1 ; A. Feuerhack; A. 1 ; 1 ; C.Baudouin 1 Kyushu Institute of Technology; 1 ; T.Bergs M. Umeda 1 ; R.Bigot 1 ; 1 Laboratory for 1 ; Y.Mure 1 ; M. Song 2 1 ; ; C. Yan Home Freund particularly at different steps inthe forming process. optimizing certain process parameters andtheassociated results, and material characteristics, thisstudy provides elements for orderprinting.In toobtain products finished dimensional good with their to increase characteristics. In this study, necessary this preforming step composites is performed by fiber 3D carbon continuous a preforming step necessary for theplacement andorientation of especially thoseinmotion for power transmission. This process has weight, reducing by emissions CO2 of reduction the to contribute C/ shaping ofthe highproduction rates of forging. Composite structural parts way innovative parts that combine thestrength of CRFT composite materials with an is Thermoplastic composite materials to produce massive structural process EPITHER The are discussedinthispaper. (HSDT) and micro-hardness. The effects of the high-speed shearing the sheared blanks was evaluated usinghalf specimendometest of quality edge The tooling. same the with second per meters 0.2 two with press pneumatic conventional press with a the using as as well levels pressure different using sheared and were DP780 980, 1.5 BH340, Gen-3 steel, to of up grades speed Various second. slide per the meters increase could that press atlow pneumatic press per second dependingonequipment setup. metersa conventional The study evaluated the 1.5 over reach can speed maximum The than cost. energy speed higher significantly edge quality for steel. The AIRAM pneumatic press canprovide High-speed shearing was studiedto potentially improve sheared- Hole during Laser Shock Peening: Shock Laser during Hole StressResidual of QuantitativeAnalysis and ModelMathematical Session Chair:A. Vivek, The OhioState University Wednesday AM | July 28,2021|9:15-10:15 AM High SpeedandImpulseForming I 2 aaees n Mtra Health: Material Shaping and Composite; Parameters Printed C/Thermoplastic of Compression Edge Cracking: Edge The Effects of the Shearing Speed on the Sheared Edge Quality and equal to the“crater” radiusof theresidual stress hole. and thedistance between thecenters of adjacent spots shouldbe 10%, greaterthan is depthcrater relative the when used be should obtain thebest uniform residual stress distribution,overlapping LSP to order In depth. crater relative the factor was influence main the data, apreliminary analysis was performed. The results showed that width, and stress loss ratio were proposed. Based on the reference’s for describing RSHsuchasrelative crater depth, relative crater indexes analysis Quantitative conduct. was RSH of factor influence by LSP, the “volcano” mathematical model for analyzing the caused (RSH) hole stress residualof phenomenon Tothe research fields. industrial other and engineering vehicle aerospace, in used compressive residual performance of thecomponent. induce Therefore, LSP has been widely can (LSP) stress onthecomponent surface, thusimproving thefatigue peening shock Laser University of Technology Setforge Engineering 2 2 ; 1 ; Q.; Xia ; D. Felix 1 EWI; 2 2 Airam Press Co.LTD ; 2 C. Gu ; R.Bigot 1 Guangzhou Civil Aviation College; 1 ; D. Schoch 1 ; 1 Arts et Métiers Institueof Technology; 2 ; H. Kim X. Cheng V. Haguenauer 1 ; F.; Alamos 1 ; J. Zhang J. ; 1 E Becker E. ; 1 ; J. Bornhorst- J. ; 2 South China 2 ; S. Cheng 1 ; L. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 33 ; 1 C. ; Z. 1 L. Mu ; J. Cheng University of of University 2 2 Oak Ridge National National Ridge Oak 1 ; 2 ; A. Moustafa 1 J. Allen ; Z. Cordero 1 New Mexico State University; University; State Mexico New 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; 2 Technical University of Munich of University Technical 1 ; ; A. Shyam 1 1 ; Y. Zang ; Y. Rice University Rice 2 2 ; W. Volk ; W. 1 ; D. Splitter ; D. 1 ; B. Guan 2 Jia Laboratory; Laboratory; Shear cutting process simulation alone already represents a represents already alone simulation cutting process Shear multi-stage shear of analysis challenging task, but the numerical the numerical Despite challenging. more is even cutting process simulation of validation challenges, also the experimental the regarding challenge, especially a major models represents development of the shear affected zone. cutting multi-stage shear Therefore, of analysis the experimental address we in this work modelling data-based for and, moreover, validation as a basis for measurement and design test situ an in present We approaches. shear of conditions boundary the process preserves that setup cutting. An enhanced strain of measurement and time-resolved enables local method high-speed optical full-fieldfields and strain rate fields each for cutting shear A mapping stage. evaluation cuts enables us to the individual between variables these state of analyze the consistently shear affectedzone throughout the entire multi-stage process and thus to characterize the final stateof the experimentally. zone shear Shear- the Mapping by Fracture Edge of Simulation Element Finite : Simulation Hole-expansion into Damage Ductile induced Microstructure and Damage Development III Development and Damage Microstructure AM - 10:15 2021 | 9:15 28, July AM | Wednesday Technology of Institute Metiers Arts et Balan, T. Session Chair: Optimization of Lattice Structures for Additively Interpenetrating Manufactured : Composites Hartmann Additively Additively manufactured (AM) metal-metal composites consisting of PrintCasted 316L austenitic infiltrated with stainless-steel A356 casting alloy, lattice have recently been structures developed intricately to ability The systems. absorption energy high in use for the phase distribution give and control the composite form with design property material over latitude greater a engineers dynamic load bearing to static ranging from applications proposed structures lattice new work, In this structures. blast containment are examined within finite element models order in determine to optimized structures for use in energy absorption center taking on face structures lattice stainless-steel austenitic systems. 316L varying with examined are and diamond cubic structures cubic casting A356 being deficit the volume; by (20-60% fractions volume Particular attention alloy). is given to the localized/non- of analysis plays this role the and and propagation damage initiation localized systems. absorption in energy Full-field strain measurementHigh-speed camera setup and variational motion in multi-stage: estimation shear cutting: Science and Technology Beijing Technology and Science presented ductile type, (uncoupled fracture (DF) A originally model at ICTP2017), which is endowed Lode with parameter both dependence, stress triaxiality is and selected the subsequent hole-blanking to from damage accumulation to define the ductile hole-expansion for a DP780 sheet. The calibrated DF yields model an asymmetric 3D fracture surface, which can well material’s ductility within describe a wide range the of stress state from simple is process hole-blanking The tension. biaxial balanced to shear simulated using the DF model for the ductile framework, simulation integrated different a fully With the help of blanking clearances. hole- mapped into hole-blanking is completely by damage induced expansion simulation to incorporate the pre-damage field for the findconsidering that after the We pre-damagesheared field, edge. in improved significantly is simulation fracture edge of accuracy the path. propagation and fracture ratio hole-expansion both of terms X. Hu N. ; N. ; A. 1 1 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer 1 Volkswagen Volkswagen 2 ; 2 ; J. Barlier IKERBASQUE, IKERBASQUE, 1 3 ; Abedul D. 1 University University of the 1 ; 3 Transvalor Americas Transvalor 3 ; M. Goede ; U. Ripert 1 2 ; N. Otegi 1 ; F. Girot ; F. 2 ; F. Bay ; F. 1 ; J. Agirre ; A. Stalmann 1 1 J. Alves MINES ParisTech; MINES ParisTech; 2 ; D. Jouaffre 1 Plateforme Plateforme INNOVALTECH; 2 L. Galdos L. ; C. Scheffler C. ; 1 E. Iriondo ; Transvalor S.A.; Transvalor 1 1 V. Psyk V. Mondragon Unibertsitatea Mondragon 1 ; 3 ; 1 Oruna Dynamic testing of materials is needed to model high speed high model is needed to materials of Dynamic testing forming processes machines The most common others. among structures of behaviour (i.e. hammer servo-hydraulic the are speed tests high medium to perform to forging) and The paper bars. and the Hopkinson machines tensile high speed crash/impact the for hammer forging a laboratory use to the possibility analyses For rates. and high strain medium at materials of characterization which is accelerated been constructed has hammer this, a forging up to anvil speed up the to and is able cylinder with a pneumatic 6 m/s. Cylindrical specimens have been have and an accelerometer speed camera and a high speeds been deformed at different strain using DIC and the anvil specimen the real monitor used to sensors when using both The differences respectively. acceleration discussed. and shown are the accelerometer only or information Computational Modeling of Magnetic Welding: Pulse Aluminum Dissimilar Alloy Alloys 6082-T6 and HC420LA : Steel Rodríguez Poulain High-speed High-speed Material Characterization Forging Using : Hammer an Instrumented In this work we present the latest developments on the developments the latest present we work In this electromagnetic (EM) module process. pulse forming the magnetic simulating for improvements of FORGE(R) the description aspects: following advanced material cover will We and the for meshing/remeshing improved fields; magnetic intensity high for derived approach multi-objects immersed the fully in displacements large and, advanced 2nd order time-stepping integration the EM fields of for computation accurate Basque Country; Country; Basque Basque Foundation for Science for Basque Foundation steels, strength high such as materials lightweight of use The of The joints is increasing. and composites aluminum alloys dissimilar alloys as and 6082-T6 the Aluminum the Alloy HC420LA is the process joining The selected work. studied in this are steel Magnetic Pulse Welding (MPW) which enables to weld these two technologies. welding traditional other being non-joinable by alloys, electromagnetic-mechanical- a strong involves The technology on mostly be developed will investigation The interaction. thermal software, LS-DYNA the use of of means modeling by computational influence. their and parameters process key the account into taking The work will finishpresenting experimental results ofmodelled the cases by finite elements cases reached the analized All analysis. the numerical of feasibility orderin metallographic by confirmed was to validate this and blanks both of the predictive welding the developed the simulations that show The results characterization. results. as experimental behavior the same geometrical follow Shaping of Sharp-edged Design Elements : Forming by Electromagnetic Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology; Technology; and Forming Tools Machine for Institute Aktiengesellschaft with sharp-edged elements, design includes parts body car Modern forming metal sheet conventional challenging for which are formability increasing allows high strain rates Applying technologies. used in alloys aluminium typical including materials numerous for forming high-speed integrating Therefore, industry. the automotive The limits. forming extend can help to process a conventional into integrated by radius deep-drawn a sharpening locally of feasibility now but up to in literature, proved was forming electromagnetic the sheet to compared bigger one magnitude radii target only also that shows paper The presented regarded. were thickness possible thickness are the sheet of the size radii in and below target by this process combination. Based on a simplified 2D-component numerical and experimental complementary geometry, variantsof a modular different developing served for investigations test and tool analyzing the influenceof important process andtool result. on the forming parameters Advancements in the Simulation Processes with : FORGE(R) of Magnetic Pulse Forming The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 34 TECHNICAL PROGRAM conditions rangingfrom planestrainto pure shear. loading paths andfracture lociacross a wide rangeof forming DNTT, staggered DNTT andshear tests allow obtaining thestrain used to determine fracture toughness inmodeI. The utilization of with ascanningelectron microscope. DNTT specimens are also test shear performed analysis fractography by confirmed are modes opening and DNTT staggered specimens. Results (DNTT), are plot in principal strainspace andthecrack test tensile notched correlation anddetermination of gaugelengthstrainsindouble accomplished by experimentation that combines digital image of consisting mixed-mode by crack openingby modesIandIIof fracture mechanics. and This is II) (mode fracture shear in-plane the by I), ever (mode tension time by opening crack first to associated the lines limit forforming provides and tubes walled This paper is focused on the formability limits by fracture of thin- de Lisboa n h Caatrzto o Fatr Lc i Ti-ald Tube Thin-walled in Loci FractureForming: of Characterization the On Invited Session Chair:P. Martins, IDMEC, Universidade deLisboa Wednesday AM | July 28,2021|9:15-10:15 AM Niels Bay Honorary Symposium Considering Model Stress: Shear Prediction Maximum and Fracture Stress Hydrostatic Ductile Extended An Guan accommodation characteristics will alsobeprovided. deformation micro-mechanisms and the resultant plastic strain in cyclic loadingconditions. More detailed discussionaboutthe superelastic nano-precipitates that reduce martensite retention the nucleation of extensive stackingfaults;and third, designing pathway; second, mitigating blocky HCP-martensite formation via strain-induced FCC-HCP-FCC sequential martensitic transformation that can potentially overcome this dilemma: first, triggering a plastic presentation, we aim to propose three new mechanistic strategies austenite can lead to local embrittlement and hence fracture. Inthis defects density andhardenability discrepancy with theadjacent extensive its problematic: yet is martensite, and therebyproduct, resultant the delocalization stress deformation homogenization resulting from thetransformation, from TRIP- benefit Albeit alloys TRIP). assisted effect, plasticity transformation-induced martensitic the strain-induced of (namely, advancement performance mechanical in role transformation has significant well the investigations alloy documented high-strength in effort of Decades Technology Design: Alloy Metastable in Mechanically Strategies Nnew Effect: (TRIP) Plasticity Transformation-induced of Limit the Forward Pushing a good confirms prediction performance of themodel proposed. further models fracture ductile representative wide stress state range.Inaddition,thecomparison againstother model to describetheductility of theconsidered material within a tested data, manifesting apromising capability of theextended the from deviations acceptable demonstrates surface fracture 3D is thencalibrated usingleastsquares optimization. The resulting model extended The states. stress distinct and ductility material’s which can approach isadopted to characterize thecorrelation between the geometries, specimen different cover a wide rangeof stress state. A robust simulation-experiment five on tests fracture (Al ductile performed material static of alloy series a aluminum with selected An is 6016-T6) term. stress hydrostatic a with incorporating by extended is ICTP2017, at proposed originally was which type), (uncoupled model Mu-Zang the prediction, fracture ductile the on stress principle second the of Toeffect the consider Mexico State University 1 ; Y.Zang The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) S. Wei . Magrinho J. 1 ; 1 J Cann J. ; 1 University of Science and Technology Beijing; 1 ; M. Silva 1 ; C. Tasan; 1 ; P. Martins 1 ; 1 Massachusetts Institute of 1 ; 1 DE, Universidade IDMEC, Z. Jia 1 ; L.Mu 2 New New 2 ; B. A. Tekkaya edn o Auiu i Ci Extrusion: Chip in Aluminum of Welding quantifying global andlocal improvements of themodel. oxide layers. The impactontheforging sequence isinvestigated, by is developed considering the mechanical and thermal effects of the process forging the of modeling element finite thermomechanical results isconducted by integrating local material data. Finally, a the of substrate/oxide/soap/toolanalysis the The contact. during atmosphere, inorder to understandthephenomenainvolved at conducted microscale with pinondisktest at hightemperature inacontrolled is investigation An Test. Sliding and Upsetting Hot the presence of oxides. The tests are performed onthe Warm and with temperature high at coefficients friction of determination with the proposed first is approach global A exchange. heat the also but friction only not affects interface billet/tool the at layer oxide steel billets by oxidation at hightemperature. Duringforming, the on produced are scales oxide processes, forging hot of field the In Forging Sequences: L.Dubar Hot on Scale Oxide of Influence Insulation: Thermal and Friction the world. in and appliedby alarge partof automotive industry andsteel mills and further developing the program, which today is state-of-the art the in resulting formation 1990-ies of a Danish spin-off company the SWANTEC commercializing in initiated was welding resistance for program FEM an of Development metals. dissimilar of welding pressure welding was continued in work onresistance projection on strategic surface coatings promoting bondformation incold plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication, which prevents galling. The work the riskof gallingandtailored tool surfaces facilitating micro- environmentally benignlubricants, new tool coatings diminishing production conditions. The work resulted intheintroduction of new, sliding speedandidletimebetween tests inorder to emulate which cancarry outconsecutive tests at controlled slidinglength, preventing galling. A universal sheet tribo-tester was developed, testing of environmental friendly lubricants andtribo-systems such as stainless steel motivated research on development and finite of using lubrication in sheet metal forming tribologically difficult materials deformation subsurface element analysis. was The increasing focus on environmental aspects The model including improved asperities. surface later of flattening the of analysis a theoretical model for friction was proposed basedonslipline fundamentals of friction in metal forming. Together with Wanheim layers by chemical Ni-plating. Inparallel to this work, Istudied a new surface preparation method introducing brittle surface model for bondformation basedoncontinuum mechanics,and studies of the weld formation ledto establishment of atheoretical My first subject of research was cold pressure welding. Microscopic 0 ers eerh n Dvlpet n ea Frig and Forming Metal on DevelopmentJoining: N.Bay and Research Year’s 50 Invited is appliedto further profiles and validated by experimental tryouts. extrusion ratio, temperature and speed is analysed. The weld model as such parameters process of influence The developed. is model individual chips and estimate the process success a weld prediction surface has to be broken. In order to predict the welding of the between thechips.For this,theoxide layer covering thealuminum the individual chips, the main focus is to achieve a sufficient bonding properties of the extruded profiles highly depend on the welding of low energy andhaving ahighmaterial relatively yield. Since themechanical requiring products near-netshape or semi-finished into By direct hot extrusion, aluminumchipscanbedirectly processed the in aluminum emissions profile CO2 production can and be consumption achieved energy by of solid reduction state The recycling. Components (IUL), TU DortmundUniversity 1 ; 1 1 ; Institute of Forming Technology andLightweight 1 Technical University of Denmark 1 ; 1 LAMIH UMRCNRS8201 A. Schulze 1 ; O. Hering 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 35 ; ; 1 1 ; T. Mizuno ; T. 2 ; T. Nakamura ; T. 2 ; Asai K. 1 ; I. Ishibashi 1 University of Michigan of University 1 ; 1 K. Kitamura National Institute of Technology, Technology, of Institute National 2 ; Y. Kubota ; Y. 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 Inistitute of Automotive Light Weight Design Weight Light Automotive of Inistitute ILUB Co., Ltd. ILUB 1 2 ; ; G. Oberhausen 1 1 ; I. Takahashi 1 Nagoya Institute of Technology; Technology; of Institute Nagoya Shizuoka University; Shizuoka University; Effect of Combined Production Forward-Can and Backward-Can Cold Extrusion : Rate Test K. Hayakawa Lubricationon Performance in Toyota College Toyota such as conditions lubrication has hard extrusion Backward-cup expansion. surface and large temperature, elevating high pressure, the surface between on the relationship focuses This study measured. is experimentally conditions and forming expansions ratio expansion the minimum surface the main results, to According 3 to 4, appears and without ratio at the of the punch extrusion nose in the surface inhibit the increase helps to sharpness and roundness design the process to valuable be will These evidences expansion. and the punch shape. conditions The determination of plastic deformation properties of materials materials of properties deformation plastic of determination The ringing in a The system high speed loading is a challenge. under the machine deteriorates tensile servo-hydraulic conventional the of determination precise A measurement. force of quality plasticity and damage is thus difficult.ringing effect of the entire In this test work,system incl. machine,and is location ringing system system the the out that found We etc. sample analyzed. were the SHPB a new the principle of by Inspired dependent. geometry restricted In a certain sample has been developed. tensile type of without measured be can forces tensile the sample, new this of area any ringing effect. The plastic deformation and damage behavior wide range a specimen for using this type of can be determined of strain rate of 0.0001 - 1000 /s. To explain the been has model physical a design, sample the and sample the functionality of developed. Influence of Forming Conditions Metalon Flow Lubrication and in Cold Backward-cup Extrusion: 1 1 Aluminum solid state welding occurs when intimate contact is contact when intimate occurs welding Aluminum solid state the interface. sides of on the two substrates between achieved surface intervening any of the fragmentation requires This contact films. The fragmentation determines needed thresholdthe to deformation initiate welding Previous weld. the of strength the determines which substrate, and the final exposed but solid on plane strain conditions focus to has tended work area of the conditions stress complex more under form may welds state the explore we talk, this In extrusion. in billets between found as aluminum bonded of strength weld and subsequent fragmentation samples under varying surface conditions lubricity) and deformation (e.g., conditions. Experiments are roughness conducted and geometries plate novel of rolling asymmetric accumulative using stress and in-plane compressive shear of combinations induce to and strengths weld the then determine tests Shear the interface. at the explore used to samples are anodized on experiments identical fragmentation. oxide Oscillation-free Determination of Material : X. Fang Rate Strain Properties at High Effect of production using the investigated was lubricant friendly environmentally rate on tribological test of Forward Can – lubricationthe Backward Can Extrusion. In this performance test, of the lubrication performance double- the lubricant, For and experiment. analysis element is examined from both on the diagram The calibration used. was lubricant layer-type finite the punch stroke and geometry extruded the between relationship was prepared at the forming rate of steel 20 annealed materials, workpiece spm As (strokes analysis. FE per using spm 1 minute) and SCM420 and aluminum alloy A4032 with three treatment different conditions was surface used. As a result, the friction coefficient smaller. was rate when the production higher was estimated value The dependency of the friction coefficient on theproduction rate method. the present by evaluated reasonably be able to was Exploring the Fragmentation of Surface Films during Solid State : D. Cooper Welding ; 1 E. ; N. 1 L. Schell ; N. Hansen Gifu University; Gifu University; 1 1 ; 2 ; M. Moghadam 1 ; S. Komiyama 1 University of Padua of University 1 ; 1 Z. Wang ; X. Zhang 1 ; S. Bruschi 1 C. Nielsen Institute Institute for Production Engineering and Forming 1 ; ; A. Ghiotti 1 1 Technical University of Denmark of University Technical 1 ; 1 Nihon Parkerizing Co. Ltd. Parkerizing Nihon Thanks to the high stiffness-to-weightratio given suitable for particularly are by components tubular section geometry, the closed- reduce to lightness extreme require that applications automotive Tube the crashworthiness. and increase consumption the energy conditions, in cold performed traditionally are bending processes and formability accuracy of problems the dramatic overcome but to bending draw a novel present, steels high strength the new that presents The paper has been proposed. high temperature at set on the tribological carried out the investigations of the results conditions of the hot draw bending Investigations properties. mechanical with tailored parts tubular of 22MnB5 tubes to obtain with focus has been performed cycle thermal about the process on the influenceof thecontact pressure on the heat transfer. The obtain chain to process the new of the practicability show results parts. stamped tubular hot The contribution to friction stemming from dissipation of plastic plastic of dissipation from stemming friction to contribution The The and experiments. simulations numerical is studied by energy setup geometrical consists a of which single is asperity, model first flattened against tool a with grooves and the tool asperity the model sliding between tangential Relative, smalleron a length scale. is induced subsequently until a steady state is reached. The flank Comparison between varied. is on the tool the grooves angle of the of validation leads to and the experiments the simulations simulations at low tool flank angles, while implementation currentthe numerical cannot handle the tool grooves with the a large flank angle.At low complicated flank angles, the with experiments is in agreement force tool tangential simulated flowaround the that proves This factor. friction determined one keeping when a change in apparent to corresponding force, change in tangential plastic the from energy dissipated the to due only is factor, friction determine can be used to model numerical validated The waves. strain hardening for friction factors apparent range of wider a materials. Tribological Conditions in Hot Simonetto Bending of 22MnB5 : Tubes 2 Testing Testing Method of Anti-galling Ability of Lubrication Coatings in : Multi-stage Cold Forging An upsetting-ball ironing test has been developed to investigate investigate to has been developed test ironing An upsetting-ball forging. cold multi-stage in coatings of performance lubricating the a zinc phosphate of performance the lubricating using this test, By and evaluated been has coating” in-place “dry called coating free due worldwide used is coating in-place the dry now and improved, In the impact. environmental and low ability anti-galling its high to process galling method, the testing of the feature paper, present discussed. are coatings lubricaiton of and the performance : Tribometer Forming Metal Sheet Perfect the of Search In Bay Machines time and mass customization, diversity variant increasing Due to several for importance gained has design process cost-efficient and of as part role a key playing are investigations Tribological years. process extended for the desires In particular, design. the process determination and reliable amount lubricant of limits, reduction of friction coefficientsfor FE simulations place requirements high some time, the quite forming.For metal in sheet on tribometers as has been considered variations with several test strip drawing an efficient and meaningfulmethod for tribological investigations. to test the strip drawing of the development summarizes This paper modelling of experimental design principles for In particular, date. approaches and processes drawing deep of conditions tribological the current described. Moreover, are friction measurement for “perfect” the of the development for requirements and future state discussed in this paper. are tribometer Deformation Mechanisms in Asperity Tool-workpiece Contact in : Forming Metal P. Groche P. The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 36 TECHNICAL PROGRAM H. Hamasaki high-strength anddamage-tolerant steel development. the potential of theapproach for themicrostructure designtoward a damage/fracture in themesoscalesimulation. After validation of themodel, we show macroscopic the behavior isalsointerpreted by themicrostructural-level while mechanisms deformation, during is correlated with themicrostructure features and their evolution rates strain various under behavior flow anisotropic The behavior. are conducted to describeandinterpret thedeformation and failure behavior. Both micro and macro scale experiments and simulation properties includingplasticity,the mechanical damage,andductilefracture on features microstructural the of influences the multiscale characterization and modelingapproach to incorporate and component forming industry. Inthisstudy, we present a modeling approach isof high interest for material production (ICME) and itsmechanical deformation properties by usingamultiscale engineering materials computational roadmap, quantitative correlation of thematerial microstructure integrated the In 1 4 2 Metals: Sheet Fractureof Workhardeningand Large-strain of Determination for Test Stretch-bending In-plane Invited Session Chair:J. Yoon, KAIST Wednesday AM | July 28,2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Loading III of Metals under Proportional andNon-proportional Characterization of Plasticity andDuctileFracture 3 1 Steel Galvanized of Forming Fractalon Based Sheet Theory: for Model Friction and Contact A and the pressure is thus formulated. The friction coefficients of the of coefficients theoretical values are inreasonable friction agreement with theexperimental. The formulated. thus is pressure the and friction model concerning thesurface topography of galvanized sheet the sheet andthedieisestablishedusingreal contact area. The are calculated usingthefractal theory. The contact model between materials are measured using profile meter and the fractal parameters are choseninthistribology study. The surface topographies of the metals. A hot-dip galvannealed sheet andahot-dip galvanized sheet friction could provide valuable guidance informing of galvanized on lubrication and pressure topography, surface of influences the of coated layers of thesheet under severe friction. Thus, theevaluation and weldability failures such as exfoliation and cracking can be found in the zinc sufficient resistance, corrosion formability. Duringsheet forming of galvanized metals, material excellent to due Galvanized steel sheets are increasingly usedinautomotive industry strength Steels: strength Microstructure Informed Deformation and Fracture Model for High- strain-localization inin-planestretch bending. of simulation FE by demonstrated is function yield anisotropic an HSS sheets. Significance of a large-strain workhardening model and technique to discuss edge fracture limit (stretch flangeability) of the bent stripsare investigated by usingthedigital imagecorrelation localized neckingandfracture limitstrainat theouter edgeof the addition, In analysis. FE corresponding the and experimentalresult can bedetermined through aninverse approach basedonthe conventional tensile test. Then a stress-strain curve at large strain stretching which ismuchlarger thantheuniform elongation in and theouter edgeof thebent stripundergoes alarge uniaxial metal a test this In strip isbent inits width direction under longitudinal tensile force, sheets. (HSS) steel high-strength several of workhardening behavior at large strainandedgefracture limit In-plane stretch-bending tests have beenconducted to determine Aalto University; University; Jiangsu CEM InstCo. SINTEF Industry University of Guanajuato; The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; K. Watanabe; J. Lian 2 RWTH Aachen University 2 Jiangsu Universityand Technology;ofScienceJiangsu 1 ; W.Liu 3 Graduate School of Hiroshima University; 3 ; F.; Yoshida 2 ; Z.Li Y. Huang 1 ; F. Shen 4 1 ; L. Wang; ; 1 iohm University; Hiroshima 2 ; S.Muenstermann R. Hino 1 ; M.Shi 1 ; G.Capilla 2 ; X. Ma 2 2 3 ; ; ; 1 1 the Prestrained Hole-expansion Experiment: Hole-expansion Prestrained the to Model Hardening Anisotropic Homogeneous of Application An material the affects that response path of eachalloy differently. strain non-linear a incorporate to complete fold without fracture iscritically evaluated andshown requirement to pre-strain highductility materials that canform a for a range of representative automotive steels Finally, the VDA upon: the bendingmoment, nominal principal stress, based andthestrain rate proposed are detection fracture for methodologies of thetest even in the absence of material failure. Three alternative flawed. fundamentally is The force will reduce detection at large bendanglesdueto themechanics failure for metric unique the be demonstrated that theadoption of the vertical punchforce as measurement ontheconvex surface where fracture initiates. It will V-Bend test framehasbeendeveloped to facilitate DICstrain plane-strain-plane-stress state until fracture. A custom inverted significant attention from industry becauseitprovides aproportional received has test bend tight-radius 238-100 VDA The limited incapturing thethicknesscontours andthefailure location. to RD. The simulation shows thecurrent version of HAHmodel is non-proportional loading, changes the location of failure from ~45o strain distributionaround thehole. The prestraining, leadingto that theplasticanisotropy is manifested asanon-axisymmetric measure thicknessstraininthehole-expansion. The results show confirm to used, is the prevalence of uniaxial loadingintheprestraining (DIC) step andto correlation In both image digital punch. experiments, flat-headed a with press hydraulic instrumented the RD in advance. Then, hole-expansion is conducted in a fully- in tension uniaxial of % 8 to subjected is material the prestraining, the For function. yield anisotropic an with combined model (HAH) numerical its solution ispredicted by Homogeneous Anisotropic and Hardening effect, prestraining on focusing investigated is anisotropyplastic this the work,ofIn AA6022-T4hole-expansion in Alloys in the AlloysVDA238-100in V-BendBend Test : CANCELLED: ductile fracture of thesteel undergoing hot deformation. from resulted concentration the stress dislocation pile-up. A fracture criterion was proposed to predict the releases and grains fine In hot deformation process, the dynamic recrystallization yields effect. size grain the byconsidering modelgrowthestablished was voids The steel. the of behavior fracture the to influence different that the void evolution inmatrix with large andsmall grainsize has showed investigation The orientations. and size grain of difference the inhomogeneity of microscopic deformation causedby the research work inthefracture behavior andcriterion by considering steel asaninvestigated material, thispresentation will introduce our deeplynot investigatedliterature. the in Takingstainless 316LN the fracture was ductile the on behavior.effect However,size grain the microscopic fracture different the a to leading steel, of to inhomogeneity deformation influence strong has undoubtedly size Grain Z. Cui Grain Size Effect on the Ductile Fracture of Steel in Hot DeformationInvited: University of Waterloo The OhioState University 1 ; X. Shang ; X. New Methods for Fracture Detection of Automotiveof Detection Fracturefor Methods New 1 ; H.Zhang 1 ; Y.Li 1 ; 1 Shanghai Jiao Tong University J. Noder J. Ha 1 ; Y. P. Korkolis 1 ; C.Butcher 1 1 ; ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 37 R. ; T. ; T. 1 Institute Institute 2 ; B. Awiszus 1 TU Dresden; Dresden; TU 1 ; 2 ; T. Mehner ; T. 1 Harbin Institute of Technology of Institute Harbin 1 ; 1 ; A. Brosius A. Bauer 1 ; G. Liu 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; H. Ning 1 ; C. Guilleaume 1 University of Technology Chemnitz Technology of University 1 ; 1 ; Wolf A. 1 Lampke In this work, aiming at near-net forming and joining of complex complex of joining and forming near-net at aiming work, In this route sintering additive novel a alloys, difficult-to-deform for shapes combined with hot pressing sintering (HPS) and powder compact joining for NiAl/TiAl based gradient alloys has been which offered, and alloys difficult-to-deform of bottleneck the technical can break realized be can sintering additive proposed The alloys. gradient their compact on the sintered powders and holding the reheating by components complex-shape the pressure,then samples under that show The results the process. repeating by can be prepared well-bonded have sintering additive by the samples prepared the of high temperatures and room at the properties and interfaces as the non-joined samples. Due almost the same are joining region sample compact the previous for plasticity of the improvement to in plasticity tensile temperature the high sintering, during additive the direction parallel to the interface of the final product has also been improved. A New Non-destructive Testing Method Applied to : Clinching Lafarge As the forming of metallic bipolar plates is mostly still state state still is mostly plates bipolar metallic of the forming As fully not mechanisms are forming the underlying research, of understood. This study deals with the topic of different grain sizes results. forming the on influence their and sheets metal initial the in Therefore, a work hardened 316L-foil with different heat-treatment strategies (0.1 resulting in three different mm) was processed grain sizes with average grain diameters of 47.4 µm, 19.3 µm and 7.9 µm. Afterwards, all heat-treated blanks drawn between were two cut rigid dies and to deep form thinning and springback, like factors and geometrical force Besides a bipolar plate flow field. the microstructure was analyzed by XRD and EBSD. twinning and Using the mechanisms of methods, characterization these preferred deformation of specific forming grain process orientations can be during identified. Therefore, the theeffects impact on size of the forming behavior shown. of metallic bipolar was plates Microstructure Development by Forming II Forming by Development Microstructure AM - 11:20 | 10:20 28, 2021 July AM | Wednesday University Misiolek, Lehigh Session Chair: W. Metal Foils for Bipolar Plates – Correlation and Forming Behavior of 316L: of Initial Grain Size Fabrication Fabrication of NiAl/TiAl-based Wang : D. Sintering Gradient Alloys by Additive of Forming Technology and Lightweight Construction Institute Construction Institute and Lightweight Technology Forming of To pursue better quality, there is a strong Wolf need joining processes. for methods testing non-destructive robust for efficient and , et Engineering approach proposed 2019] al. a have [Production new This method waves. using acoustic joints loose bolted detect to the propagated recording by energy of the dissipation measures The the joint. to partners next the joining of on the surfaces waves the applied to moments the torque a link between authors showed using energy acoustic transfer to the joint of bolt and the ability numerically we this article, and experiments.In simulations both parameters some process of variation detect to the ability investigate of calculation FEM of results extent, this To process. clinching the of method. the control simulate then used to are the joining process the on influence their model, clinching the of parameters varying By is studied. within the joint energy transmission of ; 1 ; J. 1 Hubei New Hubei New 2 ; W. Xiong ; W. ; G. Meschut 1 2 Y. Wang Y. ; M. Merklein 2 Warsaw University of Technology of University Warsaw 1 ; 1 ; C. Kuball 1 W. Presz W. Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen- 2 B. Uhe B. Hubei University of Arts and Science; 1 ; 2 ; P. Ren ; P. 2 Paderborn Paderborn University; Zhou The development of electrical equipment has resulted in an resulted has equipment electrical of The development element whose key switches, electrical in the demand for increase been successfully has technology riveting The orbital is contact. the of increase With the contacts. silver applied in assembling obtaining of the possibility has been paid to attention production, significant savingsby replacing partof the rivet withcopper. As a that has also proved It created. been have contacts bimetallic result, monometallic from technology riveting orbital of transfer the direct that window technological so much narrows contacts bimetallic to the of One debatable. is process whole the of cost-effectiveness the reduction is the decisive forming orbital behind the use of factors in friction. A based on the laboratory work, Within this processes. microforming similar effect gives riveting the orbital replace to suggested was it results, experiments the ultrasonic assistance bimetallic the miniature to in relation with ultrasonic riveting in contacts. Self-piercing Riveting Using Rivets Made of Stainless Steel with : Hardening Strain High Torch Technology Co., Ltd Technology Torch Applying the rotary forging process (RFP) to the shaft-end riveting assembly of hub bearing units (HBU) is an important technological its Due to prospect. application with promising innovation and high integration, cost low stable pre-tightening, of advantages in process vital a become have assembly riveting shaft-end assembling the third generation HBU. due However, to the lack of gaps between still are there on RFP, research application systematic especially products the domestic hub bearings and the imported In the study, performance. of and consistency accuracy of in terms a numerical simulation platform (NSP) was the adopted to assembling simulate processes with simulated were RFP loading and unloading of assembly, of HBU, in ABAQUS which / Standard, ABAQUS / Explicit and the ABAQUS / Standard, interference respectively. The influence of processing parameters product feed on of levels several investigating has been carried out by quality has research experimental and relevant rate, feed and displacement in are results experimental the that found is It conducted. been also demonstrating results, simulation with the numerical consistence and in determining be an alternative could adopted the NSP that RFP. of parameters the processing optimizing Nürnberg Rivets for self-piercing riveting differTo condition. surface and the the material of condition used, the in geometry, material the with stainless steel the use of process, the manufacturing shorten The approach. is a promising material as rivet high strain hardening authors have developed a rivet made of high nitrogen steel 1.3815, challenging material of riveting the self-piercing which is usable for is on the investigation the presented of The focus combinations. The during the joining process. the rivet of behaviour deformation of means by combinations material two for made being is analysis influences The simulation. numerical and tests joining experimental on the deformation material the rivet and geometry the rivet of behaviour are identified and of types evaluated P and HD2, for a rivet with conventional an improved treatable steel rivets 38B2 geometry and rivets made made of the of stainless steels 1.3815 and 1.4541. Numerical and Experimental Investigations on Assembly Riveting Processing Parameters of Hub Bearing Unit: 1 Joining by Forming and Deformation III Deformation and Forming by Joining AM - 11:20 2021 | 10:20 28, July AM | Wednesday Electro-Communications of The University Kuboki, T. Session Chair: Ultrasonic Forming - Alternative : Components to Bimetallic Orbital Riveting for Small The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 38 TECHNICAL PROGRAM deformation andannealing temperature regime. First, anexact Element Finite and recrystallization, which alsoaccounts for theimpact of multiaxial Automata Cellular coupled thermal model was implemented to predict thekinetic of static a model, this of hydroformed steel tubeunder non-isothermal condition. In to model thekinetic of static recrystallization duringannealing An accurate thermo-microstructural modelingsetup was developed Ohio State University Cottbus-Senftenberg; 1 Plates: Bipolar MetalFoils with Different 316L Initial Grain Sizes for the Production of of Metallic Behavior Forming Microstructural the of Analysis 3 Alimov Recrystallization Experiments : Industrial Using Static Alloy Aluminum 6XXX of of Model Implementation and Development was observed inthealloy processed by cryo-ECAP. with themicrostructures. Muchimprovement in wear resistance were obtained andthe wear behaviour of thealloy was correlated werepin-on-disc conductedon wearimages SEM machine. testing Hardness 1800C. at aged and measurements were obtained at regular intervals A and wear tests route in passes four given was sample each and used was angle curvature outer 360 and angle intersection channel 1080 of die A minutes. 20 for nitrogen liquid in soaking after ECAP Cryogenic by processed were set other the One water. in and temperature room at quenched ECAPbyprocessed weresamples of set and 2hrs for 5200C at treated solution were 100mm X mm 9.5 X mm 9.5 of rods square AA6063 studies. XRD and SEM by evaluated was kinetics precipitation and studied effect The of treatment heat on T8 wear behaviour of AA6063 were U K University Collegeof Engineering model: Element Finite and CellularAutomata coupled a using tube steel Non-isothermal modeling of static recrystallization in hydroformed shown sufficient accuracy. the microstructure evolution inindustrial extrusion casesandhas of simulation for used and verified been has modeldeveloped in The their microstructure the cross-sections andimplementing of examining theinverse analysis approach. and profiles industrial of is based on using of strain and temperature history during extrusion It equation. Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov of parameters paper anew approach hasbeenproposed to determine the presented the In literature. the in found alloys aluminum 6XXX of energy. fault stacking At themoment, there isnoreliable static recrystallization high model to due 6XXX as such alloys in occurs lines, are dependent onthemicrostructure. Static recrystallization Mechanical properties and surface defects, for example, streaking with smooth surfaces suitablefor visible architectural applications. analysis. 6XXX aluminum alloys are widely used for complex shapes model of 6XXX aluminum alloy based on industrial profiles extrusion The paper focuses onthedevelopment of astatic recrystallization Cryo and RT Ecaped Al 6063: Heat TreatmentT8 Effect on Microstructure BehaviorWear and of plates was bipolar of metallic shown. behavior forming the of size on impact effects the the Therefore, identified. during be can orientations process grain forming specific of deformation preferred these characterization methods, themechanismsof Using twinningand EBSD. and XRD by analyzed was microstructure the field. flow plate bipolar a Besides force andgeometrical factors like thinningandspringback, form deep to and dies rigid cut two were between drawn blanks heat-treated all Afterwards, µm. 7.9and µm 19.3 µm, 47.4 of diameters grain average with sizes grain processed was mm) different three in resulting (0.1 strategies heat-treatment different with 316L-foil hardened work a Therefore, in the initial metal sheets and their influence on the forming results. sizes grain different of topic the with deals study This understood. of research, theunderlying forming mechanismsare not fully As theforming of metallic bipolar plates ismostly still state University of Technology Chemnitz Micas Simulations Limited 1 The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ; I.Kniazkin A. Asgharzadeh A. Bauer 2 ; N.Biba 2 1 Bauman MoscowBauman State TechnicalUniversity; ; S.Nazari Tiji 1 ; T.Mehner 3 ; 1 Brandenburg University of Technology A. Sreenivasulu 1 ; T.Park 1 ; B. Awiszus; 1 1 ; F. Pourboghrat ; S. Gurugubelli 1 ; T.Lampke 1 ; 1 ; 1 J N T 1 The A. 1 ; Munich -Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum; 1 Part Properties during Forward Rod Extrusion : and Residual Stresses on Materialof DeliveryInfluence Condition Session Chair:W. Volk, Technical University of Munich Wednesday AM | July 28,2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Residual Stresses in Metal Forming I recrystallization within hydroformed steel tubes. of accuracy the confirming developed modelingsetup inprediction of theprogress of static predictions, and data experimental results show that there isareasonable agreement between the recrystallization andtemperature changesduringannealing. The static ofprogress the predict to modelElement-CellularAutomata calculated the Third, and microstructural data were imported to the developed Finite test. EBSD with deformation characteristics as well astheobtained crystallographic obtained was material the actual microstructure andorientation of theas-deformed extracted from digital imagecorrelation measurements. Second, of steel behavior tubeduringhydroforming experiment basedonthedata flow the calculate to developed was solution analytical Schauerte in Non-oriented Electrical Steel : Electrical Non-oriented in Barriers Flux Embossed Spherically and Cylindrically of Analysis process andcomponent properties. The influences of the delivery condition are evaluated by comparing the materials are compared regarding therods andextruded parts. Residual stresses, microstructure andmicrohardness distributionof used. is delivery different conditions in steelstainless purpose, this properties and resulting residual stresses in the component. For aim of thispaper isto derive dependenciesbetween material known. The be must condition delivery material the of influences and failure behaviour. For its operating prediction of theresidual stress state, and therefore state stress residual part’s the affects full forward This extrusion. during distribution stress the influences formability. Inhomogeneouspre-strengthening of thematerial manufacturing inorder to reduce hardening andto ensure agood subjected to various forming steps. It isannealedbefore component material is the products semi-finished of manufacturing the During Technology Weiss barrier flux the design by local inductionof residual of stress. understanding better a at aimed investigation sheet tests andneutron grating interferometry measurements. This magnetic material behavior ismeasured usingstandardized single flux embossed barriers. ofAdditionally, the influence of induced mechanism residual stress on the the understanding helps Analysis cutout. fabricatedas Aresidual stressanalysisElement Finite using a flux barrier to compared and were depths penetration different flux investigated The mm. 0.35 barriers were fabricated with acylindrical or of spherical punchat two thickness sheet a soft magnetic and silicon of wt% 2.4 with steel electrical non-oriented in barriers flux as stress properties magnetic materials, thispaper deals with embossinginduced residual the influences stress residual Since required. is design barrier flux alternative an speed, construction. To operate theseelectricdrives at higher rotational rotor the of strength mechanical the reduce as barriers Designed flux cutouts, fluxguidance. magnetic for crucial are barriers flux In reluctance andpermanent magnet synchronous machines, - Institute of Electrical Machines rerc-lxne-nvriy Isiue f Manufacturing of Institute Friedrich-Alexander-University, 1 ; 1 ehia Uiest o Munich; of University Technical 3 ; K.Hameyer 3 ; M.Schulz I. Gilch 2 ; W.Volk 1 3 ; S. Vogt; RWTH Aachen University Aachen RWTH 2 ehia Uiest of University Technical A. Jobst 1 ; A. Gustschin ; A. 1 ; T.Neuwirth 1 ; M. Merklein 1 2 ; H. ; B. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 39 ; 1 N. ; 1 P. Pavliuchenko P. ; S. Zdravkovic 1 Oakland University Oakland 1 ; 1 ; W. Zhou ; W. S. Golovashchenko 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 Institute of Metal Forming, RWTH Aachen Aachen RWTH Forming, Metal of Institute 1 ; 1 ; G. Hirt 1 ; S. Nasheralahkami 1 University as long supporting structures closed shells can serve Bistable fully and unfolded transport geometry a compact into can be folded that die- incremental by and can be produced place the construction at bending. In order to find a suitable bending radii a semi-analytical in previous validated and experimentally developed was model in the occurred have deviations minor Nevertheless, research. to and the degree curvatures the stable geometries of prediction shells bistable of achievability the influence parameters other which model existing the of enhancement an Therefore, unclear. still is is described and used for an analysis of the influenceof different parameters on bistability and final shell geometries. verifyTo AISI the and 1095 (AISI materials different two with experiments results, 301) and different bending radii presented.are Finally, shows paper the the influence on theresidual stress distribution andbased derived. closed shells are bistable fully limits for on this, production Experimental study of sheet material flow curveswas performed material prestraining for rolling cold of methods using combined to targeted strain and then tensile testing. revealed Experimental that studies aluminum alloys hardening. work sheet lowers which substantially saturation show tendency for flow that illustrated cup drawing curves of simulations numerical Performed law power to compared wrinkling material earlier to leads effect this of approximation the curve.flow Examplesof numerical simulation with Autoform software comparing various was strains fracture of be provided.Analysis will cases approximation of flow curve on the sheet spraying gridding and paint combined by performed strains in local of enabled measurements This approach surface. continuous without having fracture to adjacent closely the area used for was This approach video camera. by this area to access along straight edge stretchability sheared hole expansion, sheet ultra high strength for riveting cut, hemming, and self-piercing and aluminum alloys. steels Sheet Forming I Forming Sheet AM - 11:20 | 10:20 28, 2021 July AM | Wednesday the Basque Country of Session Chair: E. Iriondo, University Sheet for Strains Fracture and Hardening Work Material of Analysis Metal Stamping : Processes Complementary Complementary to surface X-ray fast for diffractionevaluated was methods micromagnetic of applicability measurements, the a with surface the at distribution stress residual local of mapping resolution spatial down an to the of 20 evaluation Additionally, µm. full residual stress profileover the cross sectionwas achieved by neutron diffraction. Thecombination of the differentmethods thus residual the generated of characterization a complete allowed stresses at different lengthscales. Furthermore, material using Chaboche simulation and process developed was FE-model a 3D generation stress the residual investigate out to carried was model The results data. with the experimental the results and compare with the data experimental the of agreement good overall an show results. simulation Analysis of Influencing Factors on the Achievability : Modelling Closed Semi-analytical Shells by Fully of Bistable Reinberg M. Teller ; ; 2 2 ; B. ; A. 1 2 ; F. Maaß ; F. 1 ; S. Ishkina 1 F. Jaeger F. ; 1 ; H. Wester Leibniz Institute Institute Leibniz 2 1 ; Institute of Forming Forming of Institute 2 Institute of Forming Forming of Institute 2 M. Dobecki 2 D. Charni Center Center for Engineering 1 H. Hoche ; C. Kock Institute for Production Production for Institute 1 2 ; 2 Institute for Materials Science Science Materials for Institute 1 ; B. Kuhfuss 2 ; Bremen Institute for Mechanical Mechanical for Institute Bremen 1 2 ; P. Groche ; P. Institute of Mechanics, Department of of Department Mechanics, of Institute 1 1 ; ; 1 ; L. Scheunemann ; C. Schenck 1 ; W. Reimers ; W. 2 2 ; M. Oechsner 2 ; D. Brands ; D. 1 ; J. Schröder ; A. Tekkaya 2 2 ; M. Herrmann 1 and Technology - Metallic Materials, TU Berlin; TU Materials, Metallic - Technology and Technology and Machines Technology the on focuses research engineering, current In production in order in components states stress residual targeted induction of of path usual the following than rather properties their improve to a this contribution, In failure. prevent to stresses residual minimizing process cooling the subsequent of is laid on the investigation focus a leads to a component of parts. Such cooling bulk formed hot of in be considered which has to transformation, phase microscopic numerical A inside the material. stresses residual compute to order material macroscopic based on a phenomenological approach evolution. stress depict the related to is presented model Adjusting Product Properties by Deliberate Induction of Residual : Forming Incremental Point Single in Stresses Engineering - bime Engineering rotary cold of consists paper this in investigated process The were stresses residual surface work, bars. In recent steel of swaging found to be sensitive to process parameters and their fluctuations, leading to variations of residual stresses at different length scales. bars, swaged in rotary states stress the residual evaluate properly To applied. were techniques measurement complementary several Materials Materials (MPA-IfW), TU-Darmstadt; Residual Stresses in Hot Bulk Formed Parts – A Phenomenological Phenomenological A – Parts Formed Bulk Hot in Stresses Residual Approach for the Austenite-to-Martensite : Phase Transformation S. Uebing Civil Civil Engineering, University Duisburg-Essen; Behrens TU Dortmund (IUL), Components and Lightweight Technology Single point incremental forming (SPIF) is a flexible manufacturing The parts. hollow customized of the production for process highly are components the manufactured of properties mechanical this of The objective state. stress residual the prevailing by affected selective by properties the product of is the improvement research influenced is state stress residual The stresses. residual of induction membrane and shearing bending, mechanisms forming the by of adjusting the ratio by triggered These mechanisms are stretching. experimental and Numerical radius. and tool increment step-down step- higher that shows geometries and cone groove of analysis step-down smaller and bending increase increments down residual higher leads to shearing. Shearing increase increments can state stress residual targeted resulting The amplitudes. stress improve the fatigue strength of a component up to 42%. Through stress the residual stresses, and compression superposed tensile be inverted. even may or increased amplitudes can be further Formation of Residual Stresses by in Infeed and Austenitic Recess Stainless Rotary : Swaging Steels Engineering and Forming Machines (PtU), TU-Darmstadt (PtU), Machines and Forming Engineering The austenitic steels 1.4307 and 1.4404 significantly benefit Optimizing ability. hardening work from high their due to forming, cold the forming process chain could improve the component’s fatigue properties in order to induce specific residual stresses component areas. in critical In this work, an residual resulting the on swaging rotary during parameters process analysis of the effects of the process, forming this incremental Through is carried out. stresses high strain hardening and for measuring strategies Therefore, workpieces. in the induced a complex material flow Here, developed. were XRD history by measurement stress the residual are the especially 1.4307 is a challenging material due to cold forming formed cold both phase change, Despite martensite. induced as grain well as microstructures anisotropic exhibit materials produced are geometries notched particular Moreover, coarsening. are techniques Measuring swaging. rotary by workpieces the on and the residual geometries these complex for developed further investigated. are stresses Fields Stress Residual of Assessment for Methods Complementary Induced by Rotary Swaging of Steel Bars: for for Materials Engineering - IWT; J. J. Epp Franceschi M. Hahn The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 40 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Co., Ltd.; Active AxialFeed : Experimental Analysis on Granular Media Based Tube Forming with that plasticzones were narrowed alongtheshearingline. demonstrate to utilized weremicrostructure the on analysis EBSD as thesurface roughness. Micro-piecing experiments with useof employed to reduce the edge curvature of diamond coating as well pierced sheets. First, the femtosecond-laser trimming method was significantly reduce theplasticstrainedarea as well astheelasticrecovery to of developed was punch diamond edge-sharpened issues toward thisreduction of iron loss.Inthepresent paper, the magnetic steel sheets of motor cores, isnotices asoneof thelargest motor the cores. Distortion of magnetic zones in by piercing eachelectro- loss iron of reduction much for required EV-motors 1 1 Hydro- Tube for Design piercing: Y. Punch Hwang and Simulation Element Finite Zoller Failures Path : Strain Various on Forming Press Servo of Effects interactions. based is which developed, on theDrucker Prager capmodel andcovers alsothethermal been has simulation FEM advanced an process the of design the for Furthermore, possible. are 90° of degree of designfreedom could beachieved, e.g.shoulder angles reduced. Additionally, through thenew feeding system ahigher of thefeeding system, while thearea for intolerable thinningis change by the unaffected are wrinkling and forming insufficient for show that, compared to theprocess with frictional feed, thelimits distribution and to enlarge the process window. The experiments axial feeding is investigated in order to enhance the tube thickness work, this In the granular mediatubepress hardening process with additional 2016). (Chen, introduced recently been have mediabased media of the sequence safety-relevantforming andin-die quenching. As forming media, solid granular through and is feasible stiffness parts high profile strength, high of Production (IUL), TU Dortmund Edge-sharpened by Sheets Steel Diamond-punch: Electrical of Fine-piercing successfully formed by usingtheroller die. without thecracks.It was found that thecorrugated cladcups were a circle by apunch. The laminated sheets were successfully drawn into formed were blanks sheet flat the and employedwere blanks round the process, drawing deep the In JIS-TP340. titanium pure and materialssteel wereSUS304, lowsteelstainless SPCC, carbon without thegapsinshoulder of thedie.Inexperiment, the reproduced by usingauniquediein which steel balls were arranged Since the side wall of the cup had a wave shape, the wave shape was corrugated structure ontheside wall was formed by deepdrawing. to enhance thefunctionality of thecup. The drawn cup with a The formability of thecorrugated cladcup was investigated Formability of Functional Corrugated Cup: also discussedby hydro-piercing experiments. are heights surface shearing on parameters various of effects The the simulation results to verify the validity of theanalytical models. and theexperimental shearingsurface heights are compared with deformation mechanism are discussed. Experiments are conducted stroke, internal pressure, etc. onhydro-piercing processes and data. effects test tensile the ofThe and as such parameters various values for thecriterion are obtained by comparing simulation results damage critical The simulations. FE the during used is Latham and “DEFORM 3D”. The ductile fracture criterion of normalized Cockcroft element simulations of tubehydro-piercing process with software aluminum alloy tubes obtained by tensile tests are used in the finite processesof alloyaluminum tubes. A6005 flowThe stresses of the This study isfocused onpunchshapedesignintubehydro-piercing control duringthestroke. These allow usersto program unique users such as a fully adjustable slide motion and blank holder force servoUtilizinga press for sheetmetal forming provides benefits for Institute for Forming Technology andLightweight Components University of Hyogo 1 ; T.Feister The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 2 Nano Coat Film,llc. 1 ; H.Kim T. Shiratori 1 E. Hoffmann E. ; W.Dai 1 ; 1 1 EWI ; P. Lin 1 ; T. Aizawa 1 ; C.Löbbe 1 ; 1 National Sun Yat-sen University 2 ; 1 Komatsu Seiki Kosakusho, 1 ; A. Tekkaya; A. Y. Harada 1 ; Y.Nishikubo 1 ; S. Upadhya L. 1 1 ; ; Laminates: Metal Fiber of Drawing Deep the during Parameters Process the of Influence the into Investigations Numerical and Experimental heating methods. tailored properties alongthesheet thicknessandtheuseof rapid offer sheets multilayer the potential to deliver new components with higher formability dueto The ductile. remain layers outer the hardness measurements show that thecore ishardened while experiments are conducted onalaboratory scale.Corresponding compared with themonolithicmultilayer-partners. Hot stamping necessary. The multilayer ischaracterized by hot tensile tests and the stainlesssteel surfaces, acoating for hot stampingisnolonger manufacturing process by hot roll bonding is described. Due to steel core andstainlesssteel outer layers, isintroduced andthe boron- a with sheet, steel multilayer a paper this layer. In diffusion of alongdwell timeinthefurnace for thegeneration of aresistant material bringsalongsomedisadvantages suchastherequirement material in direct hot stampingprocesses. Nevertheless, the Aluminium-silicon coated boron-steels are regarded as standard of Metal Forming (IBF),RWTH Aachen University Hirt strategies are similarly covered by thepaper. parameters, process the the process limits,thenecessary of tool systems andtheprocess influence The process. forming and canbe which drawing. The paper presents recent results of thecombined curing – (FML) laminate metal processed by specially adapted forming technologies suchasdeep fiber – material hybrid a is the ratio combination of highstrength steel weight alloys andCFRP prepregs in to stiffness high a with structures automotive approach to theautomated, large-scale production of lightweight costs andunsuitability for large scaleproduction. A promising composite materials, which have the major disadvantage of high lightweight car bodiescanbeachieved by usingexclusively achievedbe can goals by reducing the weightof car.the Extremely are important current challengesfor theautomotive industry. These emissions CO2 climate-damaging and consumption fuel Reducing Paderborn Lightweight Components (IUL), TU Dortmund University; Dortmund TU (IUL), Components Lightweight Lisboa; o Sapn Conditions: Stamping Hot NovelBoron-steelSteel/ Stainless MultilayerRoll Bonded under local modification onthe formability. “as-received”the in allowingcondition, evaluateto effectthe of the tests. LATs strainpaths andfailure strains were compared to those expansion tube to subjected (LATs)Tubeswere Annealed Locally Subsequently,local(DIC). lasertreatmentthe investigated wasand Tube expansion tests were assisted by theDigital ImageCorrelation paths. strain different obtain to conditions experimental the define to performed analyseswereNumerical elastomer). with expansion werepreliminarily“as-received” the (tube in conditionsdetermined Aluminium alloy tubelocally annealedby laser. The formability limits the evaluation of the room temperature formability of thin walled gain relevance over thelast years. The present work isfocused on material formability hasledtheadoption of local heat treatment to manufacturing processes. Moreover, theneedto increase the toward alternative ways to match light alloys with innovative The environmental concerns to save energy are drivingtheattention 1 omblt Aayi o a oa Ha-rae Auiim Alloy Aluminium Heat-treated Thin-walled LocalTube : a of Analysis Formability different servo press programs to improve the overall partquality. require paths failure strain different that determined was It steel. 3 three variations of bake hardened steel and three variations of GEN- motion, crank used to evaluate biaxial,planestrain,anduniaxial failure Standard paths of parts. formed variable blankholder force, final andattach-detach slidemotion were in occur may that failures improve path can profiles press strain servo various unique and velocity. how position paper will discuss on This based profiles Politecnico diBari; 2 ; A. Tekkaya; A. 3 Istituto Superior Tecnico, Universitade deLisboa T. Heggemann 1 ; M. Stennei A. Piccininni 2 siuo ueir enc, nvriae de Universitade Tecnico, Superior Istituto 1 1 ; W.Homberg M. Kamaliev ; 1 1 Institute of Forming Technology and ; J. Magrinho J. ; 1 ; M. Teller; 1 ; 2 ; B.Silva H. Sapli 2 ; C.Löbbe 1 3 ; ; G.Palumbo 1 Universität 2 Institute 1 ; G. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 41 ; ; 1 1 ; D. Shan ; D. 1 ; J. Preußner 2 ; H. Yu 1 ; J. Xu J. ; 1 ; V. Psyk ; V. 2 C. Zhu ; C. Scheffler 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 Fraunhofer IWU Fraunhofer 2 ; B. Ragupathi 1 Harbin Institute of Technology of Institute Harbin 1 ; 1 Fraunhofer IWM; Fraunhofer It has been revealed that geometry and great grain size effect effects have on the formability these on how is little research there However, processes. forming metalof foils during quasi-static size effectsinfluence formability metalof foils during high speed characterize To forming. e.g. electromagnetic process forming these size Pure conducted. were investigation and numerical test Nakazima effects intitanium with foils different thickness and different grain were sizes electromagnetic bulging, speed forming how clarify In addition, to in the experiment. utilized miniaturized influence the formability metal of foils, different forming voltages the analyze used to was then method element Finite adopted. were electromagnetic bulging process. To analyze how the size effects affect the ductile fractureelectromagnetic in micro-forming, M-K failure criterion was modifiedto model theforming limit in micro- the decrease model be able to to is found scaled deformation,and effects. size limit caused by forming of manufacture light-weight components for transport equipment. equipment. transport for components light-weight manufacture these solving for contribute should on tubes The technologies introduces paper societies.This sustainable realizing and problems the author’s technologies and reviews others’ recent technologies rotary forming, and air hydro include technologies The tubes. on are These technologies and so on. forming micro bending, forming, qualitatively evaluated in terms of conflicting characteristics, such as formability, strength, productivity, flexibility and miniaturization. the some of improve to emerging are Some technologies conflicting characteristicsat the same timefor realizing excellent products. the formed of performances Break AM 9:00 II Impulse Forming High Speed and AM 2021 | 9:15 - 10:15 29, July AM | Thursday University Session Chair: L. Galdos, Mondragon Microscopic Local and Analysis of Macroscopic Integral Magnetic Pulse Welds and Huberth F. Deformations for 1 Dissimilar Metal : Joints Magnetic Magnetic pulse welding (MPW) technique combines zone the collision at weld high in a partial impact and results forming, speed of the accelerated flyer andand the the acting impacted coil can target. be Flyer, resulting positioned in target in different deformations differentof target configurations andflyer accelerated local The welds. different thus and coil the in pulse magnetic the by effects for dissimilar metal joints of aluminum EN-AW-1050copper and Cu-DHP are investigated for different in thickness direction tests tensile micro local configurations by impact energies and strength weld the local leading to sheets metal two welded the of thin cross-sectional sample preparation, micro distribution. For stripes from the mm) (0.5 the contact parts are extracted sheets. of structural micro by accompanied are experiments The micro are results and analysis testing microscopic local These analysis. welds on the tests lap shear macroscopic integral to correlated simulations. by supported Grain Size Effect on Formability : in Electromagnetically-assisted Sheet Titanium Pure of Micro-bulging B. Guo ; Y. ; Y. ; Z. 1 4 Daido Daido Tokyo Tokyo 1 1 ; ; National National ; 1 1 5 J. Chen Utsunomiya Utsunomiya 2 ; N. Utsumi 3 ; T. Katagiri ; T. 1 ; H. Tsutamori 1 Saitama University; University; Saitama 4 ; R. Sako R. ; ; M. Mizumura 1 2 ; I. Nakamura 1 T. Nishiwaki T. ; A. Shirayori ; T. Iwaoka ; T. 1 1 Y. Okude Y. T. Kuboki T. Nippon Steel Corporation; Corporation; Nippon Steel 3 The University of Electro-Communications; 1 Shanghai Jiaotong University Jiaotong Shanghai 1 ; 5 ; 1 Incremental Incremental sheet forming (ISF) parts, is metal sheet customized or low-batch in fabricating process a promising flexible forming and lead time & cost, process in reduced and has potentials on investigations talk, recent In the plenary formability. increased application industrial ISF for and the technologies fundamentals ISF tool algorithms, forming loading path which cover be presented, will new load predictions, and forming roughness surface development, and variants ISF different mechanism of deformation ISF, of variants will ISF about outlook an Finally, cases. application industrial several well. be made as AM Keynote 8:15 Tube Forming and Fabricating Society Technologies for by Contributing : Population Tackling Problems of Environment and Aging Thursday Keynote Thursday 2021 29, July AM | Thursday Gifu Yoshida, Y. University; Cao, Northwestern Session Chairs: J. University AM Keynote 7:30 Recent Investigations on Fundamentals to Industrial : Application Technologies Incremental Sheet Forming: From Hydro-mechanical Hydro-mechanical Deep Drawing of : Sheets Alloy Aluminum Locally Solution Treated Chang Sun Yat-sen University Yat-sen Sun been tubes have and fabricating forming for Technologies and should evolve society, of the development to contributing the considering societies, in the future roles great and have problem is a critical warming Global problems. environmental increasing. is still world in the temperature and the average and could weight a unit for high rigidity of advantages have Tubes University; University; University is desired sheets alloy aluminum of formability of Improvement the Therefore, than mild steel. drawability lower their because of forming such as a hydro-mechanical methods forming sheet special aluminum for developed been blank have treated heat and a tailor and methods the both combined we study, In this sheets. alloy blanks in treated heat tailor of ratio drawing of the limit investigated of blanks treated heat Tailor process. forming a hydro-mechanical A6061-T6 sheets were produced by the locally solution treatment to heated plates metal from transfer heat by conducted was which were tests deep drawing Hydro-mechanical a high temperature. of ratio drawing of The limit punch. using a cylindrical performed process forming in a hydro-mechanical blanks treated heat tailor and that forming simple hydro-mechanical of than that higher was blanks. treated heat tailor simple of Ti-6Al-4V of Method Process Forming Press Warm of Development Alloy : Sheet Hwang Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute Research Technology Industrial Metropolitan Because of the low ductility alloy Ti-6Al-4V at of the temperatures between room temperature and during press forming. Hence, 600°C, a method of press forming Ti-6Al- of fracture easily sheets In at was developed. this 300°C alloy method, occurs the 4V punch prevent to applied separately were and blank holding force motion was the maximum punch load the punch radius until at fracture from demonstrated was process and the deep-drawing reached, fracture the prevent to forming finish until load punch maximum the method, developed the applying by addition, In flange. the of end at the punch thickness at wall in the decrease prevent able to were we warm a result, As forming. in press with that compared shoulder, press forming of Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheets wall in the decrease local cup or the formed of without fracture at 300°C was achieved method. the developed applying thickness by The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 42 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Manufacturing Applications : for Technique Actuator Foil Vaporizing of Developments Recent from therecurring cyclic loadingare separated. way, effects only caused by the high strain rates and those resulting compared to high-speedshear tests with similar strainrates. This For thispurpose,ultrasonic-assisted shear tests are carriedoutand amplitudes. oscillation distinct to regard with investigated is C35E of limits forming the on vibrations superimposed of influence the due to localized forming with highstrainrates. Within thispaper, forming limits.Latest investigations state earlier material failure in thecontext of theimpactof ultrasonic-superpositiononthe investigated intensively, only a few analyses have been conducted process forces. While thefeasible force reduction hasbeen ultrasonic- the so-called assistance isapromising approach to enableforming with reduced reduction, stress flow immediate an to force andstress reduction are well-known phenomena.Leading frequency oscillations to themetal forming process, theoccurring Since Blaha discovered the beneficial effect of superimposing high- Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Manufacturing Technology (LFT) Influence of Ultrasonic-assistance on the Forming Limits of Limits Forming the on Steel: Ultrasonic-assistance of Influence impact welded by VFA andLIW. expand the repertoire of flyer materials and thicknesses that can be energies andunder similar conditions. This development should we input Here same the at LIW laser. and VFA both for flyer velocities increasing the only using impact demonstrate that chemical augmentation is capable of significantly laser than higher 236% The augmented laser impact process exhibited peak flyer velocities energy.input 10kJ at experiments unaugmented overthe increase velocity 28% a showed VFAexperiments augmented The impulse. the PLX provided impulse occurs at the same time as the VFA/laser time scalesastheunaugmented experiments. This indicates that increases in both flyer acceleration and peak velocity over the same showed augmented experiments flyers. the PLX All of profiles time Dopplervelocitythe Velocimetrycollect to system(PDV)used was PLX augmented laser impactare compared. Inall casesaPhoton and impact laser by driven flyers Al3003 thick 0.442mm Similarly, by PLX augmented VFA andunaugmented VFA are compared. VFA and LIW processes. 304 stainless steelthe flyers 3mm thick driven both of capabilities the augment to used was (PLX) Explosive introduced in this study. is A liquid explosive known as Picatinny Liquid processes (LIW) Welding Impact Laser and (VFA) Actuator Foil The useof achemical explosive mixture to augment the Vaporizing hmcl Reactions: Chemical Rapid with Generation Impulse Plasma-based of Augmentation adequate responses to supportthemanufacturingprocess. and discussed. The applications of themethod characterize impact-mediated additive manufacturingprocesses, are presented process’s metal-matrix The composite (MMC) welding, axisymmetric welding, and tool. VFA the applications, mainly regarding advanced manufacturingsuch as with research “work-in-progress” combinations. The paper includestheresults of industrially relevant to designnew products by joiningsimilar anddissimilar material accuracy, improved reliability, andenvironmental safety andcreates offers opportunities potentially processes manufacturing collision welding, and springback calibration. VFA technology for for varied applications suchashighstrainrate forming, shearing, high-speed high magnitude. This impulsetechnique hasbeenimplemented or impulse of an thinconductors to produce short-duration pressure pulsesof is (VFA) manufacturing technology usingelectrically driven rapid vaporization Actuator Foil Vaporizing Daehn Daehn 1 1 M. Jäckisch The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ; ; A.Vivek 1 The OhioState University 1 ; 1 The OhioState University 1 ; M.Merklein B. Thurston K. Prasad 1 ; 1 ; Y.Mao 1 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität 1 ; Li J. 1 ; T.Lewis 1 ; B.Barnett 1 ; A. Vivek; 1 ; Y.Mao 1 1 ; G. ; G. fracture of materials. thescanning to characterize the micro-structure evaluation and the feature of Finally, directions. electron microscopy-based boundary electron backscatter diffraction is used different three with Second, tensile tests are conducted on thepartial quenchedsteels tests are conducted ontheoriginal andlaser-quenched tensile steels. dynamic and quasi-static First, HR1500. steel forming hot the plasticdeformation andfracture behavior of partial quenched under impactconditions.In thisstudy, we supposeto investigate is caused by partial quenching, could lead to a structural fracture A-pillar andsill.However, thedeformation incompatibility, which balance the rigidity and toughness of the tubular structures like to flexible a gives steels, reinforce to technology newrelatively a desirable for functional structures. Laser ridgelinequenching,as The combination of high strength and goodductility are very Mobility, Tsinghua University rate of 0.001s elongation of 613% was obtained at temperature of 925°C and strain 0.01s a in investigated was temperature range of 900-975°C and a alloystrain rate range of 0.0005- TNW700 of behaviour deformation Superplastic service. term short a for 700°C at workto designed is alloy,titanium temperature high near-\945 a as titanium, TNW700 2 Alloy: TNW700 of Evolution Microstructure and Behavior Deformation InfluenceThe of Temperature and Strain Rate Superplastic the on Session Chair:P. Bouchard, CEMEF-Mines Paris Tech PSL Thursday AM | July 29, 2021|9:15-10:15 AM Microstructure andDamageDevelopment IV 975°C with higher strain rate of 0.005 and 0.01s The superplasticity. excellent an elongation exceeds 200% at various deformation conditions has except alloy TNW700 that found was investigated usingscanningelectron microscope. The research rate. The microstructure evolution after high temperature tensile StrainSheet : Plane Tailored Dual-material of Absorption Energy of Study The coefficient. at higher temperatures and lower strain rates due to higher diffusion growthrapidlygrains \946 phase. The \946 ofthe fraction volume of transformation \945 phase into the the \946 phase, which resulted to in an beneficial increase in the is temperature the Increasing of TNW700 alloy consists of \946 grains and equiaxed \945 grains. dynamic grains growth mechanism. The deformed microstructure sliding. The 975°C, than which corresponds to dynamic recrystallization lower andgrainboundary is temperature the when 0.4 than higher is (m) as thestrainrate decreases. The strainrate sensitivity exponent work strongly exhibits hardening exponent nandthecritical hardening strainisaccelerated stress flow the hardening with increasing of addition, truestrain,andtheinstantaneous work In rate. strain rate, anditincreases with decreasing temperature andincreasing AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute -1 L. Ma to identify the optimum deformation temperature and strain 1 ; M. Wan; is 0.229 at temperature of 975°C, corresponding to corresponding 975°C, of temperature at 0.229 is m Y. Pengfei -1 . The flow stress is sensitive to temperature and strain 1 ; W.Li 1 ; G. Yulong; 1 ; J. Shao J. ; 1 ; X. Yong; 2 ; X. Bai ; X. 1 ; 2 1 ; School of Vehicle and -1 1 Beihang University; Beihang , andthemaximum TECHNICAL PROGRAM 43 ; 1 J. ; 1 ; M. 2 ; B. Kinsey 2 ; A. Krämer 1 ; G. Palumbo 1 Politecnico di Bari; di Politecnico 2 ; I. Baker 1 A. Vuppala ; Y. Korkolis ; Y. 2 Dartmouth College Dartmouth 2 ; M. Davarpanah 2 Ohio State University; 1 ; A. Piccininni www.tms.org/ICTP2021 1 ; ; 3 ; M. Kuijer 1 J. Ha J. Institute of Metal Forming Metal of Institute ; B. Kinsey B. ; 1 3 E. Mamros ; 1 University of New Hampshire New of University University of New Hampshire; Hampshire; New of University The amount of orientation differenceof crystallites i.e. the texture electrical plastic anisotropy, governs, polycrystal in a metallic the grain size While the material. of properties and magnetic via light- determined is often polycrystals of and morphology by analyzed is conventionally texture their microscopy, optical X-ray diffraction measurements. However, these evolution the texture when modeling Thus be correlated. cannot measurements by means of the CP-FEM method, a sampling of orientations onto that sampling is introduced of a concept Here grains is required. an via generated orientations weighted highest the only assigns first texture, sharp overly an gives This RVE. the of grains few the to ODF within orientations Now inhomogeneous aggregates. for especially experimental the match to space Euler in rotated are aggregate the This enables a re-creation procedure. an optimization through ODF grains and a few with only in aggregates texture the measured of grain size. varying The Effect of Martensite Temperature Phase Transformation on in : Tension Strain-induced SS Austenite 316L during to Uniaxial Aluminium (Al) alloys play the however, aspect; is a key reduction weight a where applications critical role for for application the their limits temperature room at formability poor transportation this overcome to methodology innovative An components. complex a local, short-term to material is based on subjecting the limitation distribution a tailored obtain to stamping the before treatment heat the uses Tension under Bending Continuous addition, In properties. of to elongation the total increase remarkably to rollers three action of approaches the two of the combination work, In the present failure. of temperature room at the formability improve to is investigated a strain hardenable 5xxx Al alloy, Specimens AA5754-H32. treatments. heat and pre-forming CBT both to subjected Specimens were tests and tensile measurements hardness to then subjected were and assess the plastic behaviour to in order temperature room at formability. on the material the effect evaluate On Sampling Discrete Orientations for in Aggregates with Texture Varying Representation Grain : Size 1 Microstructure Development by Forming III Forming by Development Microstructure AM | 9:15 - 10:15 2021 29, July AM | Thursday University Aachen RWTH Lohmar, J. Session Chair: Formability Improvements at Room of Temperature AA5754-H32 via Continuous Bending under Tension : Heat Treatment (CBT) and Pre-forming 3 Controlling the microstructure of components is of interest to to interest is of components of the microstructure Controlling achieve optimal final part properties, i.e., materialsby design. The manufacturing process itself can affect a material’s characteristics has past research example, For changing the microstructure. by in phase transformation martensite to an austenite that shown is known Temperature during deformation. occurs stainless steel to have a significant influence on this phenomenon.In this paper, the effect of temperature on theaustenitic transformation in martensite to SS phase 316L under in a uniaxial employed were exchanger and a heat system a cooling tension Both is investigated. the temperature. control to setup experimental tension uniaxial temperatures four at fracture strained to were specimens Tensile of -15°C, 0°C, 10°C, and 20°C. Digital imaging correlation (DIC) and a thermal imaging camera were used for tests at data Strain respectively. data, strain and temperature 0°C capture to and above could not be obtained at -15°C due to the DIC paint of flaking percent weight during the measure to used was diffraction X-ray testing. materials. and the tensile-tested as-received the in both martensite Knezevic Lohmar ; C. 1 Technische Technische ; J. J. ; Kang 1 1 University University of 3 ; 1 ; S. Wei 1 Lawrence Livermore Livermore Lawrence 1 ; ; 3 V. Kräusel V. ; 1 ; S. Daly S. ; ; O. Guvenc ; O. 2 1 ; T. Bieler T. ; ; K. Biggs 1 1 Michigan State University; 2 ; A. Rautenstrauch 1 H. Oh M. Linne R. Schmidt Massachusetts Institute of Technology of Institute Massachusetts 1 ; 1 Tasan California at Santa Barbara Santa at California The presented work investigates its and mechanism, deformation boundary-enabled grain a grain boundary sliding (GBS), neighborhood. and microstructural plasticity with local relationship GBS is characterized at experimentally grain boundaries in 99.99% microstructure coarse-grained with a through-thickness, aluminum deformed in tension at 190 the examine to measured were °C. information microstructural High-resolution strain between fields interactions on and neighborhoods microstructural of influence GBS and slip transmission include and (1) direct transmission strain and GBS were anti-compatible high localization. and and misorientation (low types The boundary opposing by facilitated findings energy grain boundaries respectively); (2) increased GBS transmission behavior indirect with decreased correlated was activity and (3) GBS accommodation at of the nature into insight provides work triple This plasticity. intragranular junctions was enabled by that criteria strain transfer identify and can be used to GBS activity models. plasticity crystal GBS-sensitive improved can lead to Strain Its and Localization Strain Microscopic of Analysis Statistical : Dependence Level Deformation-induced microstructural strain localization is a key is a key strain localization microstructural Deformation-induced metallic of properties mechanical various determining process the complexity due to However, including formability. materials, this most studies investigate patterns, the strain localization of the statistical that shown was it Recently phenomena qualitatively. law, universal a follow steels various in strain local of distribution further, understand this behavior To distribution. i.e., a lognormal various in strain localization of study a statistic performed we Based on these observations, single phase and multi-phase alloys. of distribution describe the statistical to a parameter propose we high at facets viable of loss the as Furthermore, strain. localized a “stitching” propose we handicaps this approach, levels deformation later at localization strain of enables the investigation that method, fracture. up to even deformation, stages of National Laboratory; Laboratory; National Hot Hot Cutting of Press-hardened Parts in DifferentTreatment Heat : Regimes Universität Chemnitz Universität laser by cut in general are steels press-hardened made of Parts with a materials of temperature room cutting at cutting. Shear tensile strength above 1,500 MPa insufficient tool life The quantity. presented investigation relates to is not an alternative the hot cutting of press hardenable materials such due as 22MnB5 and to 34MnB5 and includes the determination of the cutting parameters formation the and temperature the Hz), 100,000 of rate (measuring cut parts the of accuracy and the dimensional the microstructure of during different heat treatments. The results the maximum routes, of process two when comparing that, show investigation this cutting force was reduced to approx. was impact cutting the 70 during acceleration the range, austenitic % when cutting in very the were geometry the target from deviations and the zero close to be can cutting hot results, measurement the to regard With small. cutting. laser to an alternative Microstructural Influences on Grain Aluminum: Purity Boundary Sliding in High The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 44 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Uhlmann ridge height, far exceeds existing modelsand wedge experiments. deformation, which extends indepth twenty to eighty timesthe size their scale andstrain-harden. refine As aresult thedegree anddepth of the continuously may conditions constrained under These observations andanalyses indicate that metals and alloys mechanisms were demonstrated to dominate thedeformation. below the surface and the decreasing stress and strain. Dislocation microstructure that was graded in size scale with increasing depth grain subdivisionenabledadirect linkbetween thedeformation and scanningelectron microscopy. Scalingandtheprincipal of and statistically analyzed usinghighresolution transmission degree of subsurface deformation was quantitatively measured with a high dislocation density near the surface. The depth and nanometers five of scale (crystallite) size average unprecedented of ametal work piece duringsliding was utilized to create an A novel apparatus to constrain andextremely deform thesubsurface Laboratories (ret.) h Eouin f eomto Mcotutrs n Strain and Processes: Cutting Microstructures and Forming Deformation forMetal Implications of with Sliding Constrained during Hardening Evolution The capable of calculating thisfactor. singular solutions, and conventional finite element methods are not latter isnecessary since thestrainrate intensity factor appearsin numerical method for calculating the strain rate intensity factor. The approach, a conceptual includes experimental results onupsetting anddrawing, andaspecial paper The layers. grain fine of to usethestrainrate intensity factor for predicting theevolution The objective of thepresent paper isto develop ageneral approach equivalent strainrate inthe vicinity of maximumfrictionsurfaces. the of expansion a series in term singular leading the coefficient of parts under service conditions. The strainrate intensity factor isthe parts. latterThe affects performance the of structures machine and deformation. These layers changesurface properties of machine interfaces inmanufacturingprocesses asaresult of severe shear the vicinity frictionalof in generated layers often are grain fine Thin Research University fe Rbtbsd ahn Hme Peening: Hammer Machine Robot-based after 304 AISI Steel Stainless of Integrity Surface Energy-dependent Nvl prah o rdcig ufc Poete Generated Properties Processes: FormingMetal during Surface Predicting to Approach Novel A higher dislocation densities. and refinement grain stresses, residual compressive high show deformation-induced martensite formation accompanied by results The 304. AISI that MHP leadsto of smoother andharder surfaces resulting from microstructure the and stresses surface roughness, themacro andmicro hardness, theresidual the on influence strategie‘s peening the investigate to is work this integrity of technically relevant alloys. Therefore, theobjective of inputs set by the MHP process parameters and the resulting surface energy the of relationships cause-effect the to regard with deficits a relatively new process, there are still considerably knowledge residual stresses andstrainhardening. However, since MHP isstill structuring of thesurface as well asto theinductionof compressive The elasto-plastic deformation leadsto atargeted smoothing or reproducible local plasticforming of metallic surface layers. surface treatment with a spherical plunger which enables incrementalhigh-frequency, a is (MHP) peening hammer Machine and Production Engineering The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; A. Feuerhack; A. 1 ; T.Bergs 1 S. Alexandrov ; D. Hughes 1 Laboratory for Machine Tools 1 ; 1 ; 1 1 Samara National Sandia National R. Mannens 1 ; L. Polytechnical University; Tekkaya Professor Ruan and the International Cold Forging Group (ICFG): Invited Session Chair:J. Chen,Shanghai Jiaotong University Thursday AM | July 29, 2021|9:15-10:15 AM Xue Yu Ruan Honorary Symposium 1 ahn Lann Bsd rdcin n Cmesto of Compensation and Prediction Based forSpringback TubeBending: Learning Machine a low cost. materials with highstrength andlarge size partsby cold forging at Shear forging can provide aforging method of impossibleshapes, shear forging asthe third basicmethod of cold forging isdiscussed. forging to reduce theforging loaddrastically. The possibility of materials. This paper proposes anew forging method calledshear at room temperature dueto thestrength limitation of thetool forged be to difficult still are strength high with materials thus and technical issueincold forging istheextremely hightool pressure combinations of upsetting andextrusion. The mostimportant of cold forging andparts with complicated shapeare forged by methods basic two the are extrusion and Upsetting precision. high Cold forging hasbeenused widely to produce small parts with osblt o Ser ogn a te hr Bsc rcs o Cold of Process Basic Forging: Z.Wang Third the as Forging Shear of Possibility plants in China of international enterprises in the field of cold forging. successful young Chineseresearchers andseveral manufacturing and trustful personality, Professor Ruan left a whole community of reliable his TongUniversity.With Jia Shanghai and the and universities companies industrial European with jointly conducted been in academiaandindustry. Many important research projects have between theChineseexperts andtheinternational community both several times the ICFG in Shanghai and established strong links metal of field the forming research with focus oncold forging. Professor in Ruan hosted conditions boundary political complicated I could follow theimmense work Professor Ruan performed under (ICFG), Group Forging Cold International the of (Shanghai) chair and member Ruan’s Professor to contributions to theinternational dedicated cold forging community. As a is presentation This springback. of strategy andcompensation prediction in springback efficiency the application case,theML model isevaluated as with highreliability and tubes aluminum of bending cold Using experiments. type and laboratory simulation element finite alternatively, or, process training sampledata canbecollected from thehistorical production and geometry material, of influences process parameters onspringback.For thesupervised learning, the for account to ability strong a providing established, firstly is model ML network-based PSO-BP enhanced An modeling. (ML) springback Learning Machine to on control based strategy flexible and efficient accurate, an present to attempts paper This control. to difficult and consuming and service, making the manufacturing process complex, time- accuracy in tubebending,springback causes problems intubeassemblythe dimensional affecting phenomena significant most meet demands on lightweight and high performance. As one of the Bent tubesare extensively usedinthemanufacturingindustry to Norwegian University of Science and Technology; and Science of University Norwegian 1 ; 1 TU Dortmund 1 ; T.Hakoyama 3 Chengdu Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. J. Ma J. 1 ; 1 Gifu University 1 ; H. Li 2 ; G. Chen 2 ; T.; Welo 2 Northwestern 1 ; G. Li E. 3 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 45 ; ; 1 2 J. Cao J. S. Yang S. ; 1 Seoul National National Seoul 1 ; 1 W. Tong W. ; M. Lee 3 ; J. Lee J. ; 2 RWTH Aachen University Aachen RWTH 1 Korea Korea University of Technology 2 ; 1 ; S. Kang 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 KIMS 3 H. Choi POSCO; POSCO; 2 Northwestern University Northwestern Southern Methodist University; University; University; and Education Drucker’s sixth-order modeling orthotropic for the literature in generalized was materials polynomial yield function the of invariants the two of generalization via a metals sheet for isotropic The constant representation. of using the theory stress deviatoric c in the original Drucker’s isotropic yield function bound is between -27/8 found and to 9/4 per be the convexity requirement. In sheets, orthotropic of applications modeling subsequent many in c constant the for assumed tactically is also bound same the the generalized Drucker’s yield function. In this study, the validity c constant adjustable the on bound convexity a such assuming on a single that isfound It closely. is examined sheets orthotropic for convexity bound between -27/8 and 9/4 on the constant c does the from formulated functions yield those of any for all at hold not approach. representation of theory Scientific Global the within Pioneer Extaodinary Ruan-An Professor : R. Kopp Forming Metal Network In honor of Prof. Ruan’s broad program portfolio, I am work manufacturing processes non-metallic our of presenting a summary Laboratory Processes Manufacturing Advanced our at conducted of Northwestern University. The topics mainly include forming of and electrospinning. materials prepreg composites woven On the Convexity Bound Function of CB2001 the for Generalized Orthotropic Drucker’s : Sheets Yield Characterization of Plasticity and Ductile Fracture and Ductile Fracture Plasticity of Characterization and Non-proportional Proportional under Metals of IV Loading AM - 11:20 2021 | 10:20 29, July AM | Thursday University Tongji Min, Session Chair: J. Multiple to Subject Steels Pipe Line for Model Prediction Strength : Paths Deformation the forming process are evaluated. The experimental results reveal reveal results experimental The evaluated. are process the forming µm 470 of diameter a with parts micro fabricate to possible is it that and a minimum wall thickness of 36 µm reproducible by using the strategy. process bulk microforming cold presented Manufacturing Processes 1 of Non-metallic : Materials 1 Within the all companies industrial with cooperation successful particularly speech the in colleagues numerous to and the deep relations world the over outstanding scientific recognized. are countries many activities, the Manufacturing Manufacturing a properties line The mechanical forming. and roll leveling, decoiling, pipe includes of finalformed pipe complex areevaluated from samples taken forming outof the standard for bending deformations which needs additional pipe, steps: complex subject to are materials In this process, tests. tensile bending superimposed cyclic by represented paths, deformation changes loading path under The material deformation. with tensile and transient effect Bauschinger like hardening anisotropic exhibits response, and what’s of properties mechanical of understanding the evolution Therefore, more they design coil to is important process during the forming pipe steels are orientation distortional a study, this In strength. pipe final the dependent. targeting strength the Bauschinger which captures model, hardening anisotropic and cross-hardening/softening effects, paths. multiple deformation under responses the mechanical is appliedSpecifically, identification predict to strength proof predicting of model by validations modeling, and quantitative parameters, element finite presented. are pipe forming after ; 1 M. ; Z. Cui 1 Shandong 1 ; 1 ETHZ - Inst. of 1 ; 1 ; X. Shang 1 ; C. Zhang 1 P. Hora P. ; S. Xu 1 G. Zhao H. Zhang H. Institute of Manufacturing Technology (LFT) Technology Manufacturing of Institute 1 ; 1 ; M. Merklein 1 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Tong Jiao Shanghai Virt. Manufacturing FEM simulations of 3D-fineblankingin processes respects are to challenging a) b) the constitutive handling models of with a strain, dependency strong and strain FE c) rate mesh adequate failure and distortion criterion will aspects mentioned those three cracks. In the presentation temperature of for the prediction be discussed. For solution to the FEM modeling ALE-based problem, method will a be presented. The new material properties will be specificallyvalidated for large strainvalues based ontension- torsion tests. As a failure For used. be will method accumulation damage GISSMO the and criterion the modified Mohr-Coulomb equipment testing a special results the numerical of validation the the check of experimental the which allows developed, was edge on the cutting and especially the cutting of micro-geometry with those compared are results The numerical crack behavior. tests. experimental Extrusion Technology Section: Complex of Large with Profiles High-performance Aluminum Alloy Within this paper, multi-stage bulk microforming from sheet metal is metal sheet from bulk microforming multi-stage Within this paper, parts in laboratory micro metallic of the fabrication for investigated process-influencing the step, first a In Cu-OFE. material the with scale forming first the in analysed is pressure holder blank the of variable the highest possible material for measures derive to stage in order is compared with cup pin the of forming two-stage The utilization. and material assess the part quality to with a single-stage process utilization depending on the process strategy. Using geometric the scaling, correct size effectsare identified their and effects on Magnesium alloys have been of growing interest for their low density density low their for interest growing been of have alloys Magnesium and high specific strength, but theirapplications the employs work This impeded are temperature. room at formability by poor their understand to and modeling techniques experimental state-of-art the effectofjointly thickness and grain size on the plastic behavior and deformation mechanism of wrought Mg alloy. Equal channel angle pressing were applied to AZ31 Mg alloy to fabricate Interrupted texture. basal same the but billets grain sizes various with micro-tensile tests combined with ex-situ EBSD characterizations were carried on the fine-polished specimenssignificantly is twinning with mechanical that shows It thickness. different and size grain affectedby both grain size and thickness. In particular, thevolume in grains of number the with decreases twins extension of fraction the thickness. Full-field crystalplasticity simulations demonstrate rather are slip and twinning basal of the contributions both that grain size. to sensitive Applicability of ALE Modeling of 3D Based Fine Blanking : Processes FEM Methods in the Numerical 1 Understanding Understanding the Microscale Plastic Behavior and Deformation Mechanism via of Magnesium Alloy Ex-situ Experiments and Full- : Modeling Plasticity fieldCrystal Kraus University high-performance of technology extrusion the on Focused work of series a sections, complex large with profiles alloy aluminum aluminum of behavior deformation The hot has been carried out. maps processing and equations constitutive the studied, was alloy were derived for several kinds of parameters alloys. and die structures on The deformation of extruded profiles effects of process and designing large for methods The optimization researched. were welding The put forward. were die structures extrusion complex in interface welding on evolution and microstructure behavior no- and a new revealed, were process porthole die extrusion proposed, was welding solid-state for model prediction dimensional temperature strain rate, equivalent triaxiality, which the stress in extrusion, the isothermal Moreover, coupled. were time and contact were technique straightening stretching and quenching on-line studied. A series of vehicles weight light and applied in the high-speed train, developed extrusion dies and engineering structures. and large-scale profileproducts were Bulk Microforming From Sheet Metal for the - Mass Production of A Cold Formed Promising Metallic Micro : Parts Approach The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 46 TECHNICAL PROGRAM 1 to Testing Cruciform Achieve VariousDeformationPaths: 316L SS of Implementation Experimental yield surfaces identified by different calibration approaches. the yield functionparameter calibration isevaluated by comparing on stress shear of influence the and optimization, least-square by calibrated is function anisotropicthe results,yield Yld2000-2D the and Shear of Metal Sheets: Metal of Shear and TensionCombined for Specimen Cruciform-likeNew a of Design in theapplication of UHSS. results will provide guidance for partsdesignandstructural design and crash test results of component madeby QP stamping andPHSsteel. The research the comparing by verified was model the of validity The obtained. were UHSS of model fracture and plasticity on thetesting results andnumerical simulation, theparameters of of plasticstrainunder various stress states was analyzed. Based the helpof digital imagecorrelation technology, thedevelopment shear, uniaxial tension, planestraintension andbiaxial tension. With including conditions, loading different under tested wereBaosteel developed highelongation QP steel andpress-hardening steel of the key to accurate simulation of is forming process andcrash. The newly state stress complex under UHSS of behavior fracture and strength steel hasbeenappliedto car body. The plasticity, damage As oneof themeansof light-weight, more andmore ultra-high under Complex Stress State: Experiments and Modeling : and Experiments State: Stress Complex under Plasticity and Ductile Fracture of Ultra-high Strength Steel Sheets Invited martensitic transformation inthesamples. scanning electron microscope was usedto measure theamount of Image Correlation was utilized to measure surface strainsin-situ. A in thegaugeregion to promote martensitic transformations. Digital Institute of Standards and Technology to achieve large strain values cruciform novel specimen geometry A was designedincollaboration with theNational paths. deformation varying to subjected 316L of investigating martensitic phasetransformations instainlesssteel in requirements performed on a custom fabricated cruciform machine with the goal reduction weight and various regions. Inthispaper, equibiaxial experimental tests were strength differing hardware fixation with trauma patient-specific, forming properties to applicable part final and in metal formability forming applications. For example, this work may be improve to superposition to the stress of field growing a in interest due of is This different deformation. varying considerably is to subjected is material state that the stress the However, be achieved. with can state deformation strain final bilinear versus value uniaxial loadingfollowed by nonequal biaxial loading,thesame strain equibiaxial final By following varying deformation paths, e.g.,alinear path to a Kinsey stress states in (σ in states stress 5 with machine, combined that shear, so and tension between testing ratios different force biaxial in-plane an using performed are Experiments section. cross the in uniformity deformation promote induce tension. The details of the geometry are optimized by FEA to specimen: two arms are used to induce shearing, while the other two for the simpleshear experiment, buthasfour arms,asacruciform design borrows from the“smiley face”, which iscommonly used specimen The sheet. aluminum AA6013-T4for conditions loading specimen to measure plastic flow under combined tension and shear This paper isconcerned with designof anew cruciform-like State University Baosteel 1 The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ; 1 University of New Hampshire 11 , σ 22 , σ 12 ) 3D-stress space are probed. Based on Based probed. are space 3D-stress ) M. Kim 1 ; J. Ha J. ; E. Mamros 1 ; Y.Korkolis 1 ; S.Mayer 1 ; 1 1 ; J. Ha ; J. The Ohio F. Han 1 ; B. 1 ; Aluminum Alloy Wheel Hub: Wheel Alloy Aluminum of Process Extrusion Forward–Backward-Radial of Investigation were analyzed. process new the of forces process and flow material resulting the experiments. Various model material colors were investigated, and similarity of themodel material was validated by aluminumextrusion using the model material plasticine and numerical simulations. The concept isanalyzed onthebasisof scaledexperimental models extrusion press for aluminumisnot available. The new process leads to constant material properties. As upto now, acontinuous which achieved, be can temperature exit profile stationary a flow, extrusion process. Furthermore, dueto thecontinued material valve, theusual deadcycle timescanbeusedfor acontinuous profiles aluminum of without any interruptions. With both variants, extrusion moving or stationary continuous the enables process container anddiesetup with amoving or stationary valve. The of direct andindirect aluminumhot extrusion by aninnovative The new extrusion process combines theconventional methods Universität Dortmund of Forming Technology andLightweight Components, Technische based fracture model predicts thefailure stroke accurately. onfracture is alsoinvestigated. It hasbeenshownhardening that theproposed stress- kinematic of Effect paths. strain nonlinear redrawing andexpansion for abeverage can which hascomplex fordrawing, applied is criterionfor correlationThe 6k21. AA good a model andanew isotropic model with themeanstress inthe term shows difference significant shows compression area compared to Mohr Coulomb-basednormal stress model stress isobserved mean It the that conditions. triaxiality different considering model fracture behavior ismodeledby both linear model andnonlinear rule are employed to model theanisotropic deformation. Isotropic flownon-associated with Hill48 and criteria 2003) al., et (Barlat 2d triaxiality in the shear zone. In the optimization, Hill48 and Yld2000- A shear specimenisoptimized by minimizingthe variation of stress nrdcin f Nw ehd o Cniuu Auiu Hot Aluminum Continuous for Extrusion: Method New a of Introduction Session Chair:D. Cooper, University of Michigan Thursday AM | July 29, 2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Extrusion andDrawing with Model Calibration: J.Yoon FracturePathsfor StrainDuctile NonlinearStress-basedCriterion Invited 1 show good agreement. comparison between thetheoretical and theexperimental results The process. FBRE by manufactured was hub alloy aluminum the is greatly improved, theextrusion forming loadisreduced, and deformation extrusion of uniformity the While regions. different in conditions are optimized and determined to control the material flow The parameters such as billet size, die corner radius and friction within the final product was investigated by finite element methods. heterogeneity strain and distribution strain behavior, flow Material results of aluminumalloy hubproduction usingthismethod. experimentaland numerical the presentspaper this process, FBRE parts during FBRE process. On the basis of summarizing research of of load forming and distribution strain forming, affect to key the flowis metal of control The flanges. or protrusions hoop with parts shaped complexproduce to used be can process (FBRE) Extrusion As akindof extrusion process, theForward-Backward-Radial North University of China J. Gebhard 1 ; P. Kotzyba Q. Wang 1 ; 1 1 KAIST ; O. Hering 1 ; M.Meng 1 ; A. Tekkaya; A. 1 ; X. Li ; X. 1 ; Z.Zhang 1 ; 1 Institute 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 47 ; 1 ; I. 1 N. Li Akiyama Akiyama 3 ; T. Kuboki ; T. 1 The University of Electro- S. Kajikawa 1 ; 1 ; 3 Ohio State University Ohio State 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 H. Kawaguchi ; M. Akiyama 2 ; 1 Miyazaki Machinery Systems Co., Ltd.; Ltd.; Co., Systems Machinery Miyazaki 2 ; A. Luo 1 ; Y. Terashita ; Y. 2 ; J. Miao J. ; 1 Imperial College London College Imperial Magnesium Magnesium (Mg) applications. panel body and structural for sheet industry automotive alloys sheet Mg have of applications automotive challenge for major One been attractive Recently, temperature. room at formability limited is their alloys to the process homogenization a multi-stage and alloy sheet Mg new a have been developed at OSU, using an integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) approach. The new a alloy achieved yield strength of Erichsen Index 240 of 7.7 MPa, mm, alloy this new of promising an overview provide will tensile This paper applications. room-temperature forming elongation of 30% based on development processing design and thermomechanical and by modeling followed thermodynamic and kinetic computational also discuss microstructure will The paper validation. experimental this new of mechanisms and plasticity strengthening evolution, alloy. Hot Hot Form Quench (HFQ®) is a disruptive hot forming technology, recently developed, to produce cost-effective, complex-shaped, is this study of The objective aluminium panels. high-strength design guide optimal to methodology an advanced develop to for manufacturability using HFQ® Technology, for industry through automotive a cutting-edge design challenge in the tackling creating battery boxes with deep corners for EVs. In this study, demonstrator a model is first numerical tests designed. are carried Then, out, based experimental on as well as variables, design aluminium between the correlation and obtain to alloy 6082, last, optimisation As parameters. with forming relationship their with design the optimal explore to implemented algorithms are The radii. corner minimum bottom and depth maximum drawing the design challenges and the understanding of formula advanced enrich the design guides for will this study through developed HFQ®. Forming of Magnesium Room-temperature : Sheet Alloys Towards R. Shi 1 Effect of Expansion Ratio Formabilityon Diameter in : Expansion DrawingTube with General AM - 11:20 2021 | 10:20 29, July AM | Thursday University Session Chair: A. Luo, Ohio State A Study on Developing Advanced Design Formula for Heat Form Quench (HFQ®) of Complex-shaped Aluminium : Panels Communications; Communications; Akasaka Mechanical Engineering Consulting Engineering Mechanical that has the disadvantages tube drawing The conventional eliminate to method a As in one pass is small. thickness reduction was expansion with diameter tube drawing this disadvantage, plug the pushing by flared is tube the first, At study. this in proposed the with chucking drawn the plug is that, After the tube end. into circumferential Tensile expanded. is tube entire the and end, flared plug the during effectively thickness tube the reduce stress axial and drawing. In this effectstudy, expansionof ratio on such formability, investigated was accuracy, dimensional and as thickness reduction by experiments and finite elementeffectiveness of the analyses proposed (FEA) method. As a result, verifying for and ratio, in the expansion an increase with increased ratio reduction the thickness when an 0.3 aluminum the was maximum thickness ratio reduction was mechanism deformation Furthermore, used. was A1070 of alloy FEA. by considered G. ; T. ; T. 3 ; T. Greß ; T. 2 Technical University University Technical 3 Leuphana University Leuphana University 1 ; ; 1 University of Michigan of University 1 ; 1 Nihon University 1 ; D. Giannopoulou ; D. 1 ; 1 ; N. Ben Khalifa Ben N. ; ; D. Cooper ; D. 3 1 H. Chen ; I. Otake 1 ; W. Volk ; W. 2 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Geesthacht; Helmholtz-Zentrum 2 ; A. Christopher 1 ; J. Isakovic 3 Nearly Nearly 20% of the aluminum produced globally is extruded. Up to extrusion of in the form this aluminum is scrapped of one-quarter butts and segments of extruded profiles thatcontain weak solid- consecutively between created are that welds “transverse” state of In this article, extrusion extrusion. in direct billets extruded differently colored clay billets is usedstudy on the effectof extrusion ratio, die angle, friction to conduct coefficient, parametric a profile shape, anddummy block lengths of smaller profile lengths require weld transverse length. Shorter transverse on the show weld results The scrapped. and extracted be to profile extruded the the decreasing by length can be reduced weld the transverse that extrusion ratio, die angle, or friction coefficient. The profile shape also has a strong influence; the transverseweld lengthwas found the of ratio area to perimeter with the cross-sectional scale to extruded profile. Additionally, it shownis to modified be can variable) design that unexplored previously (a profile dummythe block designed was block dummy concave A length. weld the decrease solid of extrusion axisymmetric for field velocity using an estimated rods, decreasing the weld length 44%. The by industry implications discussed. are research further need for and the work this of Study on Complex Mechanical Extrusion Properties of of Butt-joined Products Multi and : M. Hoshino State Joining Analysis of Billets: Evaluation of of Lüneburg; Lüneburg; of In recent years, an aluminum double skin panel, which has a an aluminum double skin panel, years, In recent shape and is manufactured sectional wide cross- and complicated manufacture to difficult is It vehicles. railway for used is extrusion by forward current the in width mm 600 exceeding panel skin double a saving, weight of viewpoint the from However, process. extrusion width. larger with panel skin double make to demand a is there complex with panel skin double manufacture to proposed is it So is multi billets of extrusion Complex multi billets. of extrusion And shape. wide extruded and complicated producing suitable for shape. is joined in a plate the double skin panel part of the joint In this study, industrial pure aluminum A1050 and representative extruded aluminum A6063 were extruded alloy into a plate shape, Vickers micro test, tensile by evaluated was and the joining state analysis. and numerical observation microscopic test, hardness Co-extrusion Co-extrusion of Compound-cast AA7075/6060 at : Bilayer Various Temperatures Billets Mittler of Munich of Combination of dissimilar AA7075/6060 aluminum alloys benefits resistant corrosion good and strength high of advantages the using compound-casting Static component. in one hybrid bonding intermetallic achieve can casting conditions appropriate at the interface of conditions thermal non-uniform to due bonding inhomogeneous the core AA7075 and the following by can be eliminated compound-casting during static sleeve AA6060. The compound- of extrusion hot Direction procedure. co-extrusion cast AA7075/6060 bilayer billets at temperature of 420°C, 450°C and 480°C are conducted to the of analysis The evolution bonding. the interfacial on temperature the influence of extrusion interfacial bonding properties at different extrusion temperatures optical light by depicted are with as-cast billets comparing test. push-out and mechanical metallography Process Weld : Reducing Scrap Aluminum Extrusion Transverse Oberhausen The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 48 TECHNICAL PROGRAM S. Yadav Y. Wang K. Clarke Columbia; Phase-field Modelling of Ductile Fracture to Describe Edge to Describe Fracture Ductile LocalFormabilityin Studies : Conditions of Modelling Phase-field of thisapproach to highstrainrates (>10^3per second). extension possible as wellas estimation, parameter resolution, on rate) frame spatial noise, as (such parameters imaging-related of effect the address also will talk The alloys. eutectic melting-point parameters of ductilematerials, includingcopper, brassandlow to validate thefeasibility of thisapproach for inferring plasticity the parameters. Data from standard compression tests are used is alsodemonstrated for obtaining theposterior distributionsof expensive finite element simulations. A Bayesian statistical approach work andthecorresponding external work, without theneedfor based algorithmsby minimizingtheerror between internal plastic constitutive parameters are computed purely usingoptimization- fields in plane-strain cutting and indentation. Point estimates of best using high-speed imaging and in situ measurements of deformation problem of estimating plasticconstitutive parameters of metals We present a novel and highly efficient approach to solve the inverse Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University Response ofResponse Aluminum AutomotiveExtrusions: The Effect of Crystallographic Texture Gradients on the Mechanical with experimental measurements of holeexpansion ratios. comparison by assessed are capabilities Predictive zone. value of affected The strain. plastic the intrinsic lengthscalethus controls thethicknessof theshear accumulated and damage of fields conditions are describedusinginitial boundary conditions for phase hole-edge different we The steels. strength Here, high advanced of sheets fracture. ductile of model simulate expansion tests of punched and machined holes in to phase-field platform computing a element implement finite weused FEniCS Recently, open-source calculations. the element finite in implemented efficiently be can that models damage gradient physically-based modeling of fracture provides theframework for theformulation of critical energy release rate and an intrinsic length scale, phase-field the on depends that representation crack diffuse a introducing By Lann b Sen” Etmtn Mtl lsiiy Parameters Plasticity Indentation: Metaland Cutting of Observations Situ In Using Estimating Seeing”: by “Learning than atruestrainof 10. the surface where theshear strainsdueto frictioncanbegreater the extrudate butitismore challengingto predict properties near the strainpath isrelatively simple,for example near thecentre of mechanical anisotropy canbemodelled well for situations where method. It isfound that texture predictions andtheresulting crystal plasticity simulations usingthe visco-plastic self-consistent for input an as calculations method element finite from extracted velocityfields the using predicted been havetexturesdeformation on alloys which are primarily unrecrystallized after extrusion. The idealized extrusions usingaportholedie. This work hasfocused alloys andtherole of texture variations hasbeenconsidered for through thickness effects Inparticular, have been examined for AA3xxx maps. extrusion of (EBSD) diffraction variations scatter back local electron using of effect the work, crystallographic texture hasbeencharacterized experimentally this In extrusion. during extrusions which result from inhomogeneous deformation extrusions isthegradients of mechanical properties found within in automotive applications. A challengefor theuseof aluminum There iscurrent interest isexpanding theuseof aluminumextrusions Motor Company The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 2 1 1 ; G.Feng ; M. Wells; ; 1 2 ASPPRC ColoradoSchool of Mines nvriy f Waterloo; of University 1 ; D. Sagapuram 2 ; N.Parson 3 ; M.Li 1 ; 1 Department of Industrial and 3 Rio Tinto Aluminium; 4 ; F. Di Gioacchino 1 h Uiest o British of University The W. Poole H. Chawla 1 1 ; J. Speer J.; ; A. Zang ; A. 4 Ford 1 1 1 ; ; ; Technology; proposed to extend theprocessing windows. At the end, a novel hot stamping with fast heating technology is both advantages andlimitations of thistechnology are discussed. firstly.presented Then are mechanisms deformation and evolution in our labincludingforming process, microstructure andproperty on hot stamping with furnace heating of titanium alloys achieved titanium alloys sheet components. Inthispaper, someprogress for efficiency forming the improve and cost forming the reduce to of titanium alloys is a young technology but with great potential stamping greatly. Hot applications further the confines which high, industry, but the price of titaniumalloys components isalways very Titanium alloys are increasingly usedinaviation andaerospace Rohatgi 1 eomn Nnmti Vlms t ag Ser tan b AFM Scratching: by Strains Shear Large at Volumes Nanometric Deforming Analysis of the Influence of Joining Partners on the Residual the on Partners Joining Stress Distribution in of Assembled Shafts: Influence the of Analysis Session Chair:E. Tekkaya, TU Dortmund Thursday AM | July 29, 2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Residual Stresses inMetal Forming II National Laboratory; n mrvd o Sapn Poes o Ttnu Aly b Fast byHeating: Alloys Titanium for Process Stamping Hot Improved An the in controlling deformation behavior. volume deformed nanoscale the of effect size to similar strainsat thebulkscale,indicating possiblerole of the somewhat lower was when compared to thesingle-or polycrystal refinement copper deformed microstructure of level the However, other defects akinto those seen inhighly deformed bulk materials. dislocation substructures, geometrically necessary boundariesand respectively. examinationTEM of showedsubsurface and chips the 4.6, and 3.9 ~ wassubsurface and chips the in strain shear the that analysis, usingapproaches developed for bulkmachining,indicated characteristics analogousto bulk-scale machining.Deformation chips andthesub-surface. The nanoscratching process showed of asingle-crystal copper substrate resulted inheavily deformed parameters andtipgeometry usedinour study, nanoscratching shear strainsinnanoscalematerial volumes. With the AFM process with an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip as a tool to impose large at nanoscale remain unexplored. Inthisstudy, deformation we demonstrate nanoscratching shear of effects known, well are scale associated mechanismsof microstructural evolution at thebulk in the for manufacturingof components. While theshear deformation and changes etc.) and material removal (e.g. cutting, grinding, etc.) methods used significant during solid phase processing cause (e.g. extrusion, friction stir processing, can microstructures andtextures of thedeforming materials suchas deformation Shear Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory geometric combinations will betested and analyzed. Differententirepart. materialthe in distribution stressresulting and the joint sectionandnumerical analysis will beusedto analyze the the joiningpartners will beusedto measure theresulting forces in on loads. Intheexperimental investigationscycling strain gauges appliedto influence to submitted significant when (42CrMo4) shaft a the of has life fatigue process the rolling this by formed is has shown that theresidual stress distributioninthenotch that partner, thereby forming aforce andform closure. Previous work of opposing work rolls to push shaft material towards the joining verification. The joint isformed by experimental across rolling process that usestwo sets as well as FE-analysis numerical using the residual stress distributionof anassembledshaft isanalyzed on wheels gear like partners joining of influence the paper this In Construction Institute U Dresden; TU 1 ; K. Wang 1 Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest Pacific Directorate, Environment and Energy M. Efe 2 Imperial CollegeLondon 2 Institute of Forming Technology andLightweight 1 ; G. Liu 1 ; B.Gwalani 2 Physical andComputational Sciences 1 ; L. Wang; 2 J Tao J. ; 2 ; X. Wang; 2 ; T.Kaspar C. Guilleaume 1 ; 1 Harbin Institute of 2 ; A. Devaraj ; A. 1 ; A. Brosius 2 ; A. 2 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 49 ; ; 1 1 ; I. Nakamura B. Nirudhoddi 1 National Chung Hsing Hsing Chung National 1 ; T. Iwaoka ; T. 1 ; ; 2 Y. Okude Y. www.tms.org/ICTP2021 ; K. Riedmueller K. ; 2 Ohio State University State Ohio 1 ; 1 : Relief Stress Impulse-based Residual University of Stuttgart of University 2 ; G. Daehn ; M. Liewald M. ; 1 1 Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute Research Technology Industrial Metropolitan Tokyo Recent impulse calibration studies have provided some insight insight some provided have studies calibration impulse Recent The relief. springback shock induced of the mechanism into modest is that phenomenon this physical for driving hypothesis shape in net result and stresses residual elastic relieve shockwaves using performed were experiments Calibration conformance. the Vaporizing Foil Actuator (VFA) method to further this understand mechanism. The VFA method aluminum pre-strained was of change the curvature to waves pressure used to deliver 1-3 GPa workpieces to a fully flat shape. It is speculated the by caused relief elastic stress of in shape is a consequence that the change mechanics and shock physics A shockwaves. planar of propagation is stresses with residual interaction shockwave for based theory using a performed were estimates pressure Preliminary proposed. Photon Doppler Velocimeter and the Profile Indentation Pressure (PIPE) method. Evaluation To prevent the adhesion during press forming of titanium alloy titanium alloy of forming the adhesion during press prevent To sheets, it is necessary to prevent high with the and die material workpiece sliding between caused by surface oxide film peeling to on the method focused have we Hence, pressure. surface forming press during peeling film oxide surface titanium the prevent to prevent the adhesion. The workpieces with surface demonstrate to utilized was and anodic oxidation atmospheric by oxide film the effect of titanium surface oxide the adhesion prevent to the method Additionally, process. drawing film on formability in deep- the In this study, developed. was process during deep-drawing die and the blank holding force applied into was air compressed (BHF) with vibration technique was deep-drawing of TP340 utilized sheets. As the during results, the circular-cup occurrence of adhesion was prevented significantlyby applicationof developed methods. Stamping Blankholder Irregular of for Contact Localized Pressure : Elements Supporting the of Height the Configuring by Parts Sheet K. Fann CANCELLED: II Forming Sheet AM - 11:20 2021 | 10:20 29, July AM | Thursday Forming Metal for Session Chair: C. Karadogan, Institute Stuttgart of - University Technology Development of : Sheets Adhesion Alloy Titanium of drawing Preventing Method 1 during Deep- This paper presents an engineering procedure for stamping for procedure an engineering presents This paper a providing with an elastic blankholder parts metal sheet irregular without failures stamped parts ensure to pressure contact localized of arranging the height This is done by wrinkles. cracks and of which is made in a die set, supporting elements the blankholder in a press and implemented manufacturing quality standard by the contact die cushion. However, with standard line equipped To supporting elements. of the height to sensitive very is pressure eliminate the inherent noise from the GD&T of the die set, a finite be must pressure the contact of optimization for model element the In this study, geometry. die set the actual to according created scanned was part stamping a fender-like for geometry blankholder supporting elements cylindrical of and the height GOM-ATOS by and blankholder gauges between inserting feeler by realized was analysis. element finite of the outcomes to them according University; University; A. Vivek ; 2 F. ; S. 2 ; J. Stahl J. ; 1 Chair of Metal Metal of Chair 2 ; D. Brands ; D. 1 D. Mueller Institute of Machine Machine of Institute 1 ; 1 ; Wester H. 2 ; K. Stahl 2 ; W. Volk ; W. 1 ; J. Schröder Paderborn University Paderborn 1 1 ; 1 Institue of Forming Technology and Machines; Machines; and Technology Forming of Institue 1 ; T. Tobie ; T. 2 ; ; 1 B. Behrens ; R. Golle C. Kock C. 2 ; ; W. Homberg ; W. 2 1 Institut für Mechanik Institut für Elements Elements (FZG), Technical University of Munich; Forming and Casting (utg), Technical University of Munich of University Technical and Casting (utg), Forming e.g. parts ranging from manufacturing cutting is used for Shear to subjected typically are The latter gears. complex to washers this In damages. fatigue to due foremost fail and loading cyclic stress residual the on parameters process the of influence the paper, To addressed. are strength bending fatigue and the resulting state C-shaped root, in the tooth occurring the bending stress simulate The processes. blanking different by manufactured were specimens with these varied were and punch and die edge radii die-clearance geometry, measuring the cut-surface After blanking techniques. fatigue the roughness, surface distribution and the the hardness carrying out rig. By test in a pulsating determined was strength simulating and diffraction x-ray using measurements stress residual the material flow behavior using the Finite-Element-Method, basic mechanisms, which are influencing the residual stress the state resulting bending and fatigue strength, were identified and will be and discussed in the paper. presented With the follow-up objective of measuring and generating defined friction- by formed flanges aluminium in distributions stress residual measurement stress residual proposes paper this tubes, of spinning hole-drilling the specimen between of guided translation linear by and 3D-DIC image capturing process. the angle The respectively camera calibration, an ideal the usage of procedural benefit is an optimal to which leads the cameras and the specimen, between withdepth field of wide a rangemeasuring surface around the drill the the guidedhole. of of specimen linear displacementInfluences low. be tolerably to determined were on the measuring accuracy measuring in the illuminated curves heating of The measurement Therefore, error. systematically induced a thermal proves process strain induced thermal of subtraction for approach a mathematical the speckle by dissipation heat of The obstruction is proposed. solutions for Additionally, is also considered. coating pattern are applied. vibration and airflow like influences external Influence of Shear CuttingProcess ParametersGears: of Strength onFatigue the and State Residual Stress the 2 Experimental Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Development and Stability of Residual : Processes Stresses Arising from Hot Forming Dahms Residual Residual stresses are an important issue as they manufacturing affect process both the as well as forming, hot chain of whole process the account into Taking parts. the performance of the final the integrated heat treatment provided by a defined temperature profile during cooling The aim state. stress residual the desired of adjustment targeted of the parts and offers reproducibility technological of is the investigation work this of potential great a for thermomechanical the arising from stresses residual of stability residual of study this purpose, a long-term For process. forming to In order is conducted. components formed on hot stresses develop finite element models for forming,hot on focus special with comprehensive a characterisation material thermomechanical phase transformation effects is The performed. numerical model is states stress residual between a comparison of means by validated determined with X-ray diffraction the simulations. from stresses residual and predicted components on experimentally processed Investigations and Improvements in Stress Analysis – 3D-DIC A New Temperature Compensation Optical : Method Residual Uebing I. Pätzold I. The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 50 TECHNICAL PROGRAM M. Silva R. Zhao sheet metal material DP600. out inthecourse of theprocess development with thehighstrength paper deals with numerical andexperimental present investigations carried The surfaces. cutting conventional than 1.7) expansion (factor hole ratios higher significantly and proportions clean-cut of the production of burr-free shear surfaces having highpercentages developed which combines counter-cutting and shaving, enabling surface when shaving. For this reason, a new process has been However, as with normal cutting,aburr remains ontheshear in acomparatively highresidual formability of thecuttingsurface. hardened areas to beremoved from apre-cut contour, resulting edges isto shave thesurfaces. The shaving process allows highly for increasing theresidual formability of shear-cut component material duringsubsequent forming operations. A common method shear-affected zone, thus reducing the formability of the sheet metal Shear cuttinginduces highstrainsand work hardening into the Forming Technology S. Senn Metal Sheet Burr-free of Residual Production Increased Formability: Significantly Having Components the for Approach New A Journal of Mechanical Sciences 83:112–23. 57:135-145.[2] International Design (2014). AtkinsTekkaya, A.G. A.E. Bay, and N. P.A.F.Martins, Materials (2014). Vallellano C. Lomas, García- F.JMartínez-Donaire, A.J. [1] REFERENCES. discussed. FLCand also the of shaping the FFL curves for PCcompared to thoseobtained inmetal sheet are in Differences sheet. polymeric on analysing specific forming processes (such asincremental forming) by neckingandfracture, establishingageneral framework for failure strains. The results provided accurate formability limits of strainsandthickness measurements for thedetermination of experimentation The sheet. included the use of purpose, (PC) Digital Image Correlation (DIC) polycarbonatefor the evaluation this thickness mm With 1 [1,2]. on are performed forming geometries blank different metal with tests Nakajima sheet in used usually methodologies recent of developments proposing by sheet (PC) determining forming limitsby neckingandfracture inpolycarbonate This research evaluates experimental methodologies for 1 and Springback Behavior Deformation Cyclic Prediction of Ultrathin Superalloy Sheet: on Effect Size n h Dtriain f h Frig iis y ekn and Necking Sheet: by Polycarbonate Limits Forming of the Fracture of Determination the On sheet at various scales. the YU model can well describe the cyclic deformation of superalloy that showed results The tests. U-bending multiscale bycompared different models hardening addition, In werethicknesses. and sizes tests U-bending werespecimens differenton with grain performed sheet, superalloy ultrathin of springback the affects effect size the how effects. explore size To behavior. grain and geometrical the by affected deformation is effect Bauschinger cyclic the that indicated and results experimental the The effect toclarify size the performed between were by relation sizes ofsuperalloy grain tests affected different shear with is the cyclic sheets prediction research, this In its effect. size and components, ultrathin Springback isachallengingissueintheprocessing of superalloy University of Seville; The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 1 2 ; L.Zhang ; M.Liewald J López-Fernádez J. ; 1 ; M. Wan; 1 2 ; University of Lisbon 1 nvriy f ttgr Isiue o Metal for Institute Stuttgart of University 1 ; 1 1 Beihang University ; A. Martínez-Donaire; A. A. Rosa-Sainz W. He W. 1 ; B.Meng 1 1 ; C. Vallellano; ; G.Centeno 1 ; B.Song 1 1 1 ; ; ; Effects of Press Ram Vibrations on the Production Quality: the Production on Behrens Vibrations Ram Press of Effects Yakushina 1 Study on the Effect of Embossing on the Bending Properties of Metals : Sheet Properties Strength High Bending the on Embossing of Effect the on Study vibrations. performed to study thequality improvement by meansof press ram studies onanembossingprocess inaproduction environment were actuators are presented inthispaper. Additionally, experimental embossing process. The concept, designandthefunctioningof the frequencies. The vibrations improve theshapesetting duringthe solenoids, which generate oscillating force with variable levels and forming process. The actuation unitconsists of two strong linear which applieshorizontal vibrations into thepress ramduringthe quality, anelectromagnetic actuation unitispresented inthispaper, and thusimpair theshapesetting progress. To improve product wear tool produce process, forming the during occur that effects, into the material. However, contact pressure and tribological is achieved, if theshapeof theforming tool isperfectly imprinted embossing process is the product contour. Highest contour quality An indicator for thequality of products that are formed inan Forming Technology andMachines FormabilityofRoom Temperature Titanium Alloysat : Edge the on Microstructure Changes Induced Effect Machining of components, thusenablingtheir useinlightweight constructions. regard to a specific modification of bending properties of sheet metal Therefore, the paper reveals potentials of local embossing with tests rise when increasing theproportion of em-bossed surface. (DP500 materials patterns by different embossing density and depth. As a result, bending forces required in the the two varying by analyzed of were TRIP780) resistance and bending the embossing of on effect The blank. bent the of surface compression of high-strength steel sheets em-bossedonthetension or the study presented inthispaper investigates thebendingproperties experimental The conditions. loading different under performance process window with regard to forming processes andanimproved Moreover, suchlocally embossedsheet metals show anenhanced to increased material strength dueto theinduced strainhardening. indentations appliedonthesheet metal surface by apunchlead Small material properties. locally modifying of possibility the offers Selective embossingof sheet metal blanks,prior processing, for industrial forming operations. material. The paper explores the reasons and consequences for this the formability of edge the on effect major has finish surface edge alloys at room temperature. Ti-3Al-2.5VThe results show that, thequality of and thecut 2) (Grade CP-Ti of formability edge the on integrities finish edge and techniques cutting selected of impact The holeexpansion test was usedinthisproject to elucidate the flanging edge investigated. well not is finishes surface for edge different to titanium edges hole sheet applications. However, preparing theresponse of edgeforming tendencies of in utilised are sensitivity to surface inhomogeneity. Various machiningprocesses issue of concern linked to theforming of suchalloys istheir high crystallographic texture duringplasticdeformation. Also, onemajor researched andismostly attributed to their ability to form astrong difficultyThe of alloys titanium forming at room temperature is well Institute for Metal Forming Technology 1 ; K. Brunotte 1 ; P. Blackwell 1 ; R. Krimm 1 ; 1 University of Strathclyde D. Briesenick 1 ; O. Commichau 1 ; S. Walzer; 1 ; 1 ; M.Liewald J. Kwame 1 Institute of 1 ; E. ; B. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 51 ; ; 1 1 ; W. He W. ; 1 S. Babu ; F. Li F. ; 1 ; J. Wang 1 ; Wen H. 1 H. Chen H. φ712mm/308mmx902mm thick-wall hollow www.tms.org/ICTP2021 University of Tennessee, Knoxville Tennessee, of University Taiyuan University of Science and Technology and Science of University Taiyuan The NSB’s Vision 2030 lays out actions to achieve the four goals. (1) goals. four the achieve to actions out lays 2030 Vision NSB’s The Foster a Global Science and Engineering Community – Make sure being avoid the table to and is at partner reliable America is a that technologically surprised. (2) Expand the Geography of Innovation: Do more to create taxpayers opportunities U.S. to and return the Enhance jobs Research: from across Benefits the Deliver country. (3) from these investments and the empower nation’s businesses and to way in a this goal Achieve globally. compete to entrepreneurs ensure a more inclusive enterprise and diverse S&E (4) community. nation decade, our the next America. Over for Talent STEM Develop STEM America’s talent, including on developing must focus heavily researchers and a In addition, STEM-capable PhD researchers. to workers skilled technical from levels, workforce at all to with reference plasticity of educational and technology science of the role be outlined. will manufacturing advanced AM Concluding Comments 8:15 A short route manufacturing process of retaining rings was put was rings retaining hot of process manufacturing route short A ESR, by manufacturing ingots hollow of composed which forward, And microstructure strengthening. expanding and cold ring rolling parameters and process characteristics mechanisms, deformation expanding hydraulic and cold ring rolling hot of during both the multi- that show The results investigated. were strengthening 1050°C pass stressesflow with decreased of increase time.of interval During temperature lower at refined grain compression, multi-pass by static recrystallization, then grain refinedat higher temperature of 1150°C by both of dynamic and static recrystallization. Based on the influenceof thecontact arc length ratio on strain penetration in the wall deformation zone, the driving roller radius and of the 500mm pressure roller radius of 130mm were determined for the ring rolling process off should be the driving roller of velocity rotate The optimum ingot. 0.8rad/s. And the feeding velocity of the pressure roller should to be 1mm/s for matching. During cold deformation, planar slip and respectively deformation and large small at twinning predominated of process expanding the hydraulic For strength. increase to φ937/672×1034mm hollow forging, the optimum matching of punch 60° angle and 5mm contact forgings. strengthened seal well-shaped obtaining height can be adopted for Rolling AM | 9:15 - 10:15 2021 30, July AM | Friday British Columbia of University Poole, Session Chair: W. Mn18Cr18N of Strengthening Expanding Cold and Rolling Ring Hot : Hollow Ingots Thick-wall Friday Keynote Friday 2021 30, July AM | Friday University Ohio State G. Daehn, Session Chair: AM Keynote 7:30 Vision 2030: A Vision Enterprise for & America’s Relevance Science to 1 and Advanced Engineering : Manufacturing 1 F. ; C. 1 University University 1 ; ; Wan M. 2 1 ; W. Li ; W. 1 ; C. Zhu 1 Q. He Shandong Shandong Auto Zhongxing 2 ; B. Wang 1 . Yang X. Edison Welding Institute Welding Edison 1 ; 1 Beijing Space Craft, China Academy of Space Space of Academy China Craft, Beijing Space 2 ; H. Kim 1 School School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, 1 ; 2 ; C. Gu 1 ; C. Cui 2 Today, Today, the automotive OEMs and grade same the Therefore, globally. suppliers material their part suppliers are increasing steels are supplied by differentsteel the incoming of variation the mills However, this requirement. meet to batchand conditions material properties This and cracking. wrinkling, can with necking, associated quality significantly influence productivity. and lowers manufacturing costs the overall increases the stamping Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) tools properties. material measuring incoming by this uncertainty reduce have become useful to in a feed- can be used during production data The measured as or parameters process optimal the select to control forward A using simulations. optimization, parameter process forming detailed evaluation of a microstructure, 3MA and (micromagnetic, multiparametric is stress environment in a production implementations of viability its analysis) Fraunhofer’s introduced. The device 3MA device and was incorporated and developed was procedure calibration and a practical robot into an industrial steels. high-strength advanced for validated An Investigation on Formability of Ti6Al4V Alloy in the Three-layer Three-layer in the Alloy Ti6Al4V of on Formability An Investigation : Process Stamping Hot Sheet Li Parts Ltd Company Ltd Parts which heat of lot lose a will the sheet stamping process, In the hot stamping hot So, a novel sheet. the of formability in poor results this paper, in is proposed sheet the three-layer for process sheet alloy clamp the titanium to sheets steel two which uses stamping the hot this paper, and stamping. In transferring for depth is studied by experiments and simulation under the single/ that show The results stamping condition. hot sheet three-layer controlled be can sheet alloy titanium the of temperature the effectively by using the three-layer sheet the with Compared can be improved. hot stampingand the stamping depth process, titanium the of the depth process, stamping hot sheet single-layer parts alloy can be increased 135.7% by under the sheet three-layer hot stamping process at 900°C, and the stamping thickness hot sheet three-layer by parts obtained distribution titanium alloy of process is more uniform. The finite element analysisresults show sheet titanium alloy of distribution and stress the temperature that and the uniform, is more stamping process sheet three-layer by temperature difference is small through the sheet. The distribution with the has good consistency simulation by obtained thickness of experimental results. Under the three-layer sheet has good deep drawing. sheet the titanium alloy process, hot stamping Investigation on High Stiffened Springback Structure in DieForming: Behavior of Multi-intersecting Technology Multi-intersecting high the main which are components, in aerospace application stiffened its However, station. manned space of load-bearing structure structures have the interaction due to complicated very is springback behavior potential during patterns intersecting and ribbons multi-intersected of shaped multi-intersecting spherical the typical For die forming. stiffened structures, new a approach proposed is quantize to the influence on flexural neutrallayer strain of multi-intersected distribution along ribs. The thickness at is used to loading method different Reverse in theoretically. ribs is derived radial positions of the each position. Consequently, of springback radius calculate by numerical springback is calculated after of the panel profile final verify the integration. To effectivenessof this method in predicting springback, finite element simulations based on ABAQUS software that Comparison shows implemented. both are and experiments is capable the method proving good agreement, of are the results structures. stiffened multi-intersecting springback of predicting of Evaluating the Reliability of a Nondestructive Evaluation Tool (NDE) to Measure the Incoming Sheet Alamos Mechanical : Properties of Science and Technology Beijing; Beijing; Technology and Science of Beihang University; The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 52 TECHNICAL PROGRAM Control during Strip Rolling: Strip during Control Decoupling of Adverse Effect of Inter-roll Thrust Force on Steering rolling readings with satisfactory agreements. are also given. The application results were compared to theactual primarily of themainroll shafts andtherequired rolling mill power, are factors effectsthe and of roll offset studied.are considerations, design The affecting the and calculatedare evaluated. Slipcharacteristics between thestripandforming rolls are rolling torque flighting and force auger the of mathematically developed, from which thecontact area, rolling mechanics and kinematics fundamental article, this In seen. hardly was rolling flighting auger while thepublication describingthe theoretical features of the the rolling ismore complex thantheordinary longitudinal rolling flighting, auger the of configuration and geometry the of Because flightings are formed from straight steel stripsby aspecialty rolling auger mill. Continuous applications. broad in materials bulk to transfer product circular ahelical-shaped is flighting auger An Timken Company Effect of Delivery Angle on Longitudinal Buckling in Temper Buckling Strips: on Longitudinal Steel Thin of Rolling Angle Delivery of Effect forces. angles between rolls andmeasure the work roll thrustcounter control cross can mill which 4-high laboratory a using confirmed is difference for the steering control. Validity of the force decouplingroll effective methodobtain to chocks roll work against acting forces control isproposed. The method utilizes measured thrustcounter paper, aninter-roll thrustforce decoupling method for thesteering the steering control, andmay causetroubles like tail crash.Inthis behavior, theinter-roll thrustforce gives seriousdisturbance to off-centering strip reflects difference forceroll the assuming done is utilized for strip steering control, in which roll gap tilting control is differencerollforce the Since side. drive the on that and side work onthe cell load by measured forces in roll difference affects mill Inter-roll thrust force due to roll misalignment in 4-high strip rolling Corporation udmnas f otnos eiod ue Fihig oln - Deformation Mechanics, Kinematics and Applications: Rolling Flighting Auger Helicoid Continuous of Fundamentals the longitudinal bucklingphenomenon. affects roll work the around twines which sheet of shape the that estimated is It degree. 10 than larger is angle delivery when result angle by delivery waves of calculated from theanalysis of number almostagrees with theexperimental change the that find We sheet which twines around the work roll by theelementary theory. disappears. Next we calculate thebucklingcharacteristics of the waves decreases, and by delivery angle over 24 degree the buckling delivery angle,thebucklingappearsclearly andthenumber of is investigated inlaboratory rolling. Results show that by increasing deliverypaper, angle large of effect this experimented.In been not has 4 degree over angle delivery of effect However,investigated. of several rolling conditions onthelongitudinal buckling was effect study,the previous In appears. buckling”“longitudinal called In temper rolling of double reduced thinsheet strips, shape defect Miyake The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) 1 ; 1 JFE Steel Corporation K. Yamaguchi T. Okazaki 1 ; Y.Kimura 1 ; A. Ishii ; A. 1 ; 1 ; H.Kijima 1 Nippon Steel M. He 1 ; 1 1 The ; M. Double Metal Composite Ring: ProcessforNovelRolling Investigation Ringofa Hot Constructive rolling mills. roller diameters andforce andenergy parameters for thedesignof and rolling regulations for existing rolling millsanddetermining the for practical production by defining the product specification ranges on theFlecktheory was established, providing theoretical guidance model of producible rolling thicknessfor anultra-thinstripbased minimum thickness.Furthermore, atheoretical computational conditions different with were obtained by FEM, which provide strips a new definition for the Stone ultra-thin of pressure rolling and thin strip rolling. In this paper, the variation law of the contact profile inaccurate when applied inexperiments or theproduction of ultra- it was found that theresults obtained from thisformula are rather formula isthemostcommon approach for predicting thislimit,but when the strip has been thinned to a certain thickness. The Stone strip a thin of process rolling cold the continue to difficult veryis It Y. Fujii Study on the Transferability of Rolling with Ordered Texturing Roll: are CVC) discussed with effects cooling, onstripprofile and flatness. roll zonal bending, roll crown, (roll adjustment flatness and profile of methods flatness. Typical strip resulting the roll with theinitial strip. An upper-bound technique isappliedfor campaign. The stripshapeisfound by intersection of thedeformed evolution of thermal roll crown iscalculated for agiven rolling calculated by numerical solutionof theheat equation andthe constant roll force. The local stripand work roll temperatures are can therefore beobtained becausethemodelelement doesnot rely ona and finite analytical aprocedure. combined Detailed information about the work roll deformation using deflection and flattening by barrel roll work the of deformation 3D the calculate force distribution along the strip width. This local data is used to A fastmodel ispresented for thethree-dimensional stress androll Cmuainl td o te rdcbe oln Tikes in Thickness Ultra-thin Strip Rolling Rolling: X.Liu Producible the on Study Computational A geometrical shear stress. friction coefficient. These pseudo friction coefficients come from the result, we found that theroll with higher transferability hashigher 45 the As load. 3) rolling using by conditions each and of coefficients friction TD 2) and RD 1) have degree groove. which From theseexperiments, we evaluated thepseudo rolls of kinds 3 the with coefficient using theordered friction texturing roll. We carriedouttheexperiments the and morphology surface roll the relationship the between we investigated paper, this coefficient.In friction prediction of transferability, andthat thesedependsonthepseudo that therelative velocity intheroll bite isanimportant factor inthe confirmed was it studies, previous our From surface. roll textured The texture rolling isto transfer theroughness onthestripfrom the improved by this method. The studied. was detailed significantly was degree healing interface the that ring indicated result composite the of effect healing process for double metal composite ring was carried. The interface by hot ringrolling. An experiment of constructive hot ringrolling heated. Finally, thetarget doublemetal composite ringisformed heating process. After that, the surface welded ringiscleanedand environment, which cansuppress theinterfacial oxidation during are upper andlower of theassembledring are welded inoxygen-free metals different with rings assembled together. And thenthesurface interface area separate onthe two First, proposed. is process to manufacture aseamless double metal composite ring quality isnot well. Inthispaper, anovel constructive hot ringrolling to produce acomposite ring.However, theinterface connection method is welding. And somescholarstry to useringrolling process manufacture traditional The fields. specific in used widelyis which Double metal composite ringhastheadvantages of two materials, Wu Mills: C.Overhagen Four-high in Strip of Rolling Hot during Flatness and Profile Strip on Effects with Deformations RollWork Thermal and Mechanical and Distribution StressLocal the forModelFast Computational A 1 ; 1 1 Wuhan University of Technology ; 1 Kobe Steel/Mechanical Working Research Section 1 ; 1 University of Duisburg-Essen 1 ; H. Xiao ; J. Deng 1 ; C. Yu; 1 ; Z.Cheng 1 ; 1 Yanshan University 1 ; D. Qian 1 ; J. Liu 1 ; R. TECHNICAL PROGRAM 53 ; 1 ; G. 4 ; C. 1 IPH - 1 ; 1 Air Force Force Air 3 ; T. Abke ; T. 1 G. Venet A. Jagodzinski ; B. Behrens 1 ; A. Vivek 3 Hyundai Motors; Hyundai Motors; 2 ; B. Liu 2 ; M. Stonis 1 ; T. Lee ; T. 1 Honda Honda R&D Americas 4 ; J. Langner www.tms.org/ICTP2021 1 Arts et Métiers ParisTech Métiers Arts et 1 ; 1 A. Nassiri ; M. Kriwall 1 T. Balan ; T. The Ohio State University; 1 1 ; 1 that determines the fracture during cutting. The present study aims aims study present The during cutting. the fracture determines that variables the significant can predict FE simulations how illustrate to in 5182-O piercing/trimming alloy Al an and of 800 AHSS an CP-W of results The mm). 4.0 and mm (1.2 thicknesses sheet different with this study illustrate the difficulties and limitationsof FE analysis in variables. piercing/trimming predicting Constitutive Law Parameter Identification for Hot Forging Using Compression Experiments on Forging : Presses In impact welding, extremely high plastic strain regions develop. develop. regions strain plastic high extremely welding, impact In Thus, traditional finite element analysis methods distortion element excessive due to the process simulate are accurately not to able in developing successes great the Despite region. the contact near numerical mesh-based techniques, remeshing and adaptive hybrid methods sufferfrom difficulties in some aspects whichwith the their Recently, problems. limit in high-strain-rate applications of generation next the capabilities, computational in progress received have methods, meshfree called so methods, computational significant attention. Amongall particle (SPH) hydrodynamics has major consideration. received In meshfree methods, smoothed this study, the high-speed impacts between AM-Steel/AM-Steel, Copper/Copper, and Al/Steel were simulated. SPH Then, different to weldability, study on the materials diffused and coating of effects the numerical validate experimentally To developed. were platforms efforts, vaporizing foil actuator welding results (VFAW)experimental and the simulations between agreement Good conducted. was modeling. computational in the confidence provided Constitutive Constitutive laws for hot forming typically consider the effects of strain, strain rate and temperature. Their parameter identification these three of wide ranges on performed experiments requires factors. Usually, specialized parameter Alternatively, and temperature. strain, strain rate uniform equipment is and materials various for sets parameter provide databases utilized to of the potential explores work This ensure cost. a low at laws constitutive parameter for presses industrial on experiments using compression identificationof suchconstitutive models, in orderto balance the results The alternatives. existing these two of accuracy and cost large on specialized produced results reference to compared are temperature / strain rate compression equipment. Two materials methodology. the proposed of usefulness the prove used to are FE-based Investigation on the Heated Billets on Influence Subsequent Forging : Processes of Inhomogeneously Institut für Integrierte Produktion Hannover gGmbH Hannover Produktion Integrierte Institut für simplify or can shorten billets heated Inhomogeneously various setting by be achieved This shall chains. process forging temperature fields within This stresses. the study investigates influenceof inhomogeneously a billet, resulting heated cylindrical billets on different in the homogeneously and three forging heated inhomogeneously yield this, two process using FEA. For and compared. developed are chains process reference heated Each process chain is optimized until form the filling force, forming based on the evaluated are They andoccur. defects no a showed results wear.The abrasion die and material necessary inhomogeneously for forming a successful for window time small for increase wear and die forces chains. Forming process heated inhomogeneously heated billets. However, they show up % to 12.5 less flash than processes forging make to inhomogeneous heating for homogeneouslypotential heated billets. This tests will be experimental more efficient. carried Subsequently, out shows a results. the simulation verify to Advances and Challenges in Computational Modeling of Impact Welding : Process Institute of Technology; Technology; Institute of Daehn Baudouin H. Gerland ; 1 T. Altan T. 1st, 2nd ; 2 University of Science and Science of University ; A. Groseclose 1 1 ; 1 University of Cambridge of University 1 ; 1 ; Z. Wu School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering, Mechanical of School 1 1 ; ; 1 General Motors General 2 ; A. Narayanan 1 ; Yang Q. ; J. Allwood J. ; 1 1 ; J. Shen J. ; 1 ; X. Wang 1 FE Simulations of Piercing and Trimming of Al Alloys Alloys Al of FE Simulations of Piercing and Trimming ; Wang B. 1 D. Diaz-Infante D. the 6th and 7th stand of a 4-high hot tandem rolling mill; mill; 3) cold single stand 6-high reversing X. Feng L. Lin The Ohio State University; University; The Ohio State University of Science and Technology Beijing Technology and Science of University This paper develops a novel flexible skewrolling (FSR) processto rolling, radial stages: four includes process The shafts. step produce rollers inclining, skew rolling and rollers levelling. Each roller has three freedoms (circle rotation, radial rotation and radial-feeding motion), which can manufacture different axles by different programming rollers’ movements with that same tools. A flexibleskew rollingachievecan mill shafts (DRM-80) flexibledual-rotatable- with was invented rolling and manufactured, and experiments feasibility were performed at this 605 mm, mill. minimum diameter A 50 shaft mm) knurled include defects forming main The was accuracy. dimensional (total formed, length and has well tolerance. and diameter side cavity, grooves, pockmarks, helical observing cracks by internal from part is free FSR The experimental the transverse and longitudinal section. The study results verified that the rollingflexible novel skew process is positive and the new is reliable. type DRM-80 mill Composite ring rolling could bring substantial material, cost and and cost material, substantial bring could ring rolling Composite joining by components, weight lighter for allow and savings energy concentric rings with different an interference bond, material a material achieving of possibility be any properties. For there to fitbetween the rings must maintained. be when such a to fitpredict is is introduced equilibrium-based model In this a force paper, a limit to predicts rolling, composite radial This model, for possible. suggesting ring; outer the to relative ring inner the of stress flow the a maximum ratio of about 160%. It also shows that the inner tool’s diameter must often be significantly smaller than the outertool’s. ring rolling composite in four tested successfully was The model experiments with two grades of Aluminium alloy, 1050 and guide 6063, new valuable a be could it suggesting sizes, tool different and processes. ring rolling designing composite to Advanced Design of Work Roll Contours : Types for Different Roll Mill and AHSS: 1 Friday AM | July 30, 2021 | 9:15 - 10:15 AM 2021 | 9:15 - 10:15 30, July AM | Friday Florida of Cazacu, University Session Chair: O. CANCELLED: Value of, and Limits to, Simulation and Limits to, of, Value Achieving an Interference Fit between Two Rings during Composite Composite during Rings Two between Fit Interference an Achieving : C. Cleaver Rolling Ring Technology Beijing Technology Grain Oriented Non roll to competing are producers steel Modern Silicon (NGOS) steel strip with 1.25 meter in width, 0.5 to 0.35 mm in thickness and a profile the study to indispensable tools models are Mathematical meters. deviation that is less try- but industrial during rolling, contours roll work mechanism of than5 micron- outs are required to validate their effects on strip Thus, profile. this paper presents the effectsof various work roll contours designed 1) for: 2) and 3rd stand of a 6-high tandem cold mill; Results show that the NGOS strip profile hit rateof 5 micron-meters is increasedby the contours. roll work advanced of implementations A Flexible Novel Skew Rolling Process for Step Shafts: Feasibility : Study For a given sheet material and thickness, the piercing and trimming and thickness, the piercing material sheet a given For conditions (punch/die clearance, punch shape, tool corner lubrication, cutting radii, speed, tool wear, and elastic deflectionof tool and press) affect the quality the quality of of the subsequent pierced/trimmedthe forming or flanging operations. The edge and application of FE simulations to understand the fundamentals cutting is of quite challenging. This is due mainly to inaccuracies in a) determining material properties at high strains, b) effectof cutting speed, c) determining the so-called Critical Damage Value (CDV) The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 54 TECHNICAL PROGRAM decades. The purpose is to define an accurate macroscopic accurate an define to is plasticity theory applicableto numerical simulations of practical purpose The decades. developed by theauthor andhisco-workers over thelasttwo This presentation reviews thekey features of aplasticity framework University of Agriculture and Technology Hill’s 1948 were usedasthematerial models. isotropic and anisotropic yield functions. In this study von-Mises and that thenumerical algorithmdeveloped works accurately for based onaccumulated plastic work equivalency. It was alsoshown characterization material tubular for modes deformation different can directly beusedinfree tubebulgingexperiments to generate conditions boundary generated The simulations. FEM the in tube profiles, based on proportional strain path at the pole of the bulging generate the required boundary conditions, axial feed and pressure user a as implemented inatubehydroforming machineto numerically platform FEM in subroutine instead of implemented asophisticated andexpensive control system was controller PID A National University Bochum; Schwarz E. Eren Simulations of Grain Growth with Arbitrary Grain Boundary Energy : rework. of costs and effort save to importance high of is height constant of a production the rings, disc-shaped Regarding height. ring’s ofthe deflection the on focus a with 3D) (QForm simulation FEM a of Real radial-axial rolled discshapedrings will becompared to data used asblanksfor themanufacturingof hugebearingsor gear rims. ring rolling. It isahot forming process to produce e.g.steel rings, paper focusses ontheshapedeviations inthedomainof radial-axial results by using finite element method is a valuable alternative. This and experience experiments, which are time-andcost-intensive. Therefore, operator’s creating machine the sources: two from taken a manufacturingprocess, e.g.for radial-axial ringrolling, ismainly is astate-of-the-art procedure. The knowledge of how to design Transferring insights from simulations to anindustrial application Kuwabara Athale Patct Faeok o Frig Applications: Forming for Framework Plasticity A Invited University Session Chairs:T. Ishikawa, ChubuUniversity, Y. Yoshida, Gifu Friday AM | July 30, 2021|9:15-10:15 AM Yasuhisa Tozawa Honorary Symposium Rolling: Ring Radial-Axial in Rollings Real and FEM from Disks of Deviations Height ofProcessing the on Comparison I Cnrle Itgae wt FM oe t Generate to Model FEM Characterization: with Material Tubular for Bulging Tube Free for Integrated Conditions Boundary Controller PID evaluated andcompared to analytical results. the performance of three proposed equations of motion will be to identify thephysically mostplausibleof theseevents. Moreover, energycriterion an dissipationproposes (3) and networkdynamics, expands significantly (2) the set physics, of topological events to allow for general grainboundary material arbitrary of inclusion the alloweventually to mesh volumetric a uses (1) that simulation FEM a developing in reported be will progress Recent evolution. set of topological events that biasthegrainboundary network from the underlying numerical model, or allow only a restricted anisotropic grainboundary properties, have unphysical anisotropy generally cannot be usedfor exist predictive purposesbecausethey donot allow for do that simulations FEM simulate The simulations. to FEM existing within difficult used is that motion boundary often grain involve is (FEM) Method deformation, buthightemperature processes canadditionally Element Finite The 1 1 The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ; J. Mason ; J. Kim J. ; 2 ; S.Fahle 2 2 Bergische Universität Wuppertal; ; 1 Pohang University of Science and Technology;and Science Universityof Pohang 2 ; F. Pourboghrat 1 ; S. Nazari Tiji S. 1 1 ; K. Paffrath K. ; University of California, Davis 1 ; T.Park 3 1 ; B.Kuhlenkötter ; 1 The Ohio State University;State Ohio The 1 ; H. Kim 3 TKM GmbH 1 ; A. Asgharzadeh 1 ; 1 Ruhr-Universität F. Barlat T. Glaser 2 2 Pusan Tokyo 1 1 1 ; M. ; T. ; P. S. Takatsuka of Science and Technology,University; and Shizuoka Science of ufc Qaiy f xrdd ieal n od akad Cup Backward Cold in Sidewall Extrusion Low-frequencywith Torsional Extruded Oscillation: of Quality Surface nurtured many leadingresearchers andengineers. undergraduate andgraduate students, or company engineers,and educator, he was alsoenthusiastic aboutteaching guidance for internationally asamember of CIRP andICFG. As anexcellent active been has He materials. forging of fracture and flowof stress evaluation especially forging, Cold (3) analysis. three-dimensional its especially rolling, Strip (2) stresses. multiaxial under materials accuracy andbendingfracture anddeformation behavior of sheet studyofmetal metalSheet especiallyforming, (1) forming. bending introduced and reviewed. He has consistently been involved in the Metal of Prof. Yasuhisa Field Tozawa’s achievements in the field of the metal forming is in Forming: T. Ishikawa Achievements Tozawa’s Yasuhisa Prof. Invited sheet product isdescribedasanillustration. approach for numerical forming process simulations of acomplex development and validation of thetheory. An application of the Tozawaoffundamental70’sforis importancethe and 1960’s the in The experimental investigations onplasticity conducted by Professor the introduction of relevant features inthemacroscopic framework. experimental results. Lower scale simulation results are essential for concepts, physical understanding of deformation mechanisms and hardening assumption. The framework relies on mathematical are developed for anisotropic materials with ananisotropic forming processes in industry. The constitutive relationships nstoi Dcie rcue siain f ignl rcs in Cracks Diagonal Parts: Flange-shaped of Estimation Fracture Ductile Anisotropic workpiece. was uniformly lubricated by thecircumferential rotation of the extruded workpiece was closeto uniform becausethe workpiece Furthermore, the circumferential profile of the sidewall height of the so that thesurface of thesidewall was uniformly smoothed. container, the with pressure contacting lower 25% approximately workpiece was axially extruded andcircumferentially rotated with maximum a and temperature.sidewallroom The ofat the rpm of0.5 speed angular 5deg, of amplitude alternating an mm/s, 0.1 of between extrusion andknockout punches with anaxial speed in theaxial direction andtwisted inthecircumferential direction workpiece lubricated with amineral oil was simultaneously extruded oscillation. Inthisextrusion process, acylindrical aluminum was investigated incold backward cupextrusion with torsional The surface quality of anextruded sidewall of a workpiece of Science and Technology,and Scienceof University; Shizuoka lubrication conditions that make diagonal crackssmaller. to theIRF process. Consequently, it was possibleto estimate the referring to thepastliterature. The proposed equation was applied notched round bar andthecompression test of cylindrical specimen equation was verified through a uniaxial tensile test conducted on a of thestress tensor andstrainincrement tensor. The proposed was expressed asasecond ranktensor resulting from theproduct that considers anisotropic ductilefractures. The proposed equation this paper, anequation for predicting ductilefractures isproposed applying theconventional ductilefracture prediction equations. In by cracks predict to difficult is However,it process. IRF the during is lessthanthat of conventional processes, cracksmay develop structured partsfrom round rod billets. Although theforming load axial compression with rotation, which is used to forge flange shaft- and bending ofprocess combined a is (IRF) rotaryforming Inclined Ltd.; Takeshita 4 Jatco Ltd. 4 ; M.Furutani 1 ; H.Utsunomiya 1 ; 4 1 Chubu University ; A. Watanabe 1 Nissan Motor Co.,Ltd. andGraduate School 1 ; 1 Osaka University 1 ; K.Hayakawa 3 2 Nissan Motor Co., Graduate School 2 ; S.Fujikawa R. Matsumoto 3 ; T. 1 ; TECHNICAL PROGRAM 55 Y. ; M. 2 Nagoya Municipal Municipal Nagoya ; T. Nishiwaki ; T. 3 1 Tokyo University of Agriculture Agriculture of University Tokyo 1 ; 1 ; J. Samukawa 1 Daido Daido University; 2 ; S. Nomura 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 Y. Yoshida Y. T. Kuwabara T. Gifu University; 1 ; 3 Korea Institute of Materials Science Materials of Institute Korea 1 ; 1 The Process Design to Control Control-Steel the on Yield Both Wire Ratio Production of and Yield-Ratio- Forging Lee : Process Yield-ratio-control-steel(YRCS) Yield-ratio-control-steel(YRCS) is a steel which the yield strength lower The strength. tensile although the same can be controlled yield ratio steel is more effectivefor cold forging since the forging metal YRCS of ratio yield The is enhanced. life and tool load is lower So, the rate. cooling and amount deformation plastic by is controlled as plastic well as rolling wire after rate is changed cooling yield ratio forged precision Moreover, drawing. wire cold during deformation part can without be post-heat-treatment(quenching/ used directly work by increased is part forged of strength the because tempering) hardening and grain Threerefinement. majorvariables process are which bolt of forging on cold yield ratio proper the get to considered tensile strength is 800 over The MPa. cold drawing amount wire of is the rate while cooling ratio, yield the change to variable is major strength. on their affected variable most important Surrogate Modelling of Stress Model Identification with Search Inverse Analysis and Cylindrical Range Compression : in Test Polyhedron Flow Murata & Technology forming in hole expansion sheet a steel of behavior The deformation investigated been has punch cylindrical flat-bottomed a using (HEF) both experimentally and analytically to investigate material the modeling effect on the of accuracy of the finite element of The analysis HEF. elastic-plastic deformation behavior of a test material with cruciform test tensile using the biaxial measured is precisely with tubular test expansion tube and the multiaxial specimens specimens. Many linear stress paths in the first quadrantof stress of the contours measure the specimens to applied to are space determine to rates strain plastic of directions the and work plastic or hardening isotropic either models assuming material appropriate differential hardening. The accuracyof HEF simulation is improved model. hardening using the differential by Industrial Research Institute Research Industrial based analysis inverse with conducted is stress flow of Identification space range search the procedure, this In analysis. element finite on out. figured be should rate strain equivalent and strain equivalent of the strain of value maximum modeling of surrogate In this research, specimen cylindrical with compressed is performed rate and strain with machine learning. shape Sheet Considering Differential Hole Expansion Steel Simulation of : Hardening ; T. ; T. TU 1 1 The 1 ; 1 Kyushu Kyushu ; Nagoya Nagoya 1 1 1 ; 1 ; 1 E. Tekkaya Gifu University 1 ; 1 ; K. Kudo 1 ; E. Abe ; H. Traphöner 1 1 J. Yanagimoto ; C. Osawa 1 K. Shinagawa ; F. Gutknecht ; F. 1 ; T. Yamada ; T. 1 ; O. Hering ; O. 1 N. Yukawa ; F. Kolpak ; F. 1 Clausmeyer Prediction Prediction on of Microstructure Large Scale Hot Ni-based Forged Super : Alloy This paper proposes a control theory of V-bending of sheet metals metals sheet of V-bending of theory a control proposes This paper the basic of consists theory The control brake. high end press for angle and the punch stroke, the product between relationship inflexion point and bending a great and gives load. brake the high end press has been applied to The proposed control theory performance. University grain- develop has been used to compacts powder of Rolling magnetic anisotropic for especially microstructures, orientated obtain To ceramics. piezoelectric but can also be applied to material, a thick ceramic green sheet, powder rolling with a conventional compared may productivity, higher actualize to way be an effective of laminating and subsequent slip casting of consisting process orientation high reach to condition the rolling However, thin sheets. organic with plasticized bodies in particles, ceramic plate-like of binders, has not been studied sufficiently, and should be clarified based on the theoretical consideration. In this study, of the differential speed effects powderrolling on the orientation behavior of model. using the Folgar-Tucker by examined particles are plate-like under angle distribution is computed The change in orientation assumption of a simple fieldvelocity inrolling process. It is shown to effective is compression of advance in deformation shear the that orientation. of degree higher obtain : Z. Wang Brake Press High End for Theory Control University the higher realize to important more has been it Recently, to order In crafts. air a gas turbine for of temperature combustion mechanical an excellent gets the material it is necessary that, attain has the material of grain size The strength. tensile like property a large influenceon forging hot under behavior the recrystallization predict to imperative mechanical property. Therefore, we study, this In size. grain the controlling for treatment heat and it is focused on Alloy 718 of a Ni-based and dynamic recrystallization the fractions of superalloy for model prediction and developed a results The calculated forging. scale hot a large under the grain size the fractions of of results with experimental good agreements are size. and grain dynamic recrystallization Three-dimensional Analysis of Strip Rolling by Coupling Elastic Deformation of Rolls and Rolling Mills: University of Tokyo of University three-dimensional of describe the characteristics will This paper by the strip whichstress fieldof and is affected plastic deformation elastic rolls deformation of and rolling mills. FE will results analysis be presented. Elementary three-dimensional numerical analysis of by obtained results the compare to presented be will rolling strip Tozawa) Prof. to dedicated session of part a is presentation FEM.(This Characterisation of Anisotropic Material : Behaviour Dortmund undergoes material workpiece the processes forming During metal as it behavior anisotropic develops The material plastic strains. large material the only not effects anisotropy This deformed. plastically is such part formed the of properties the also but forming during flow etc. damage level the strength, yield the stresses, residual as the hardening anisotropic of Pioneering studies on the determination in the seventies. Tozawa Professor by has been conducted behavior of behavior hardening anisotropic the on focuses presentation This techniques experimental describes and strains large very at metals hardening. anisotropic quantify to Analysis of Rolling: Powder Speed Orientation Differential Behavior of Plate-like Particles in The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 56 TECHNICAL PROGRAM vlain f urcn Promne o Tik he Ironing Test Sheet : Ironing Thick Ball by for Process Performance Lubricant of Evaluation they represent the variety of industrial usedsheet metal. an advanced highstrength steel AHSS andanaluminumalloy, as different sheet metals are used: a conventional deep drawing steel, measurements to correlate them.For theseinvestigations, three surface 3D as well as out carried be will measurements hardness between blankholder anddieor thematerials are varied. Afterwards, a gapcontrolled drawbead passage while parameters like thegap with respect to theinitial state. Therefore, sheets are drawn through hardening and the tribological system after a drawbead is analyzed forming process. Inthis study, theconnection between work influences ongoing drawbeadhas the a thatthis on and changed is passage. Also, there are many references that thetribological systema afterdrawbead after significantly changed are parameters material that well-known, is It forming. while flow material control Indeepdrawing processes, drawbeads are frequently usedto Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Manufacturing Technology ironing process. performance during theBIT. different Inconclusion, theBIT issuitablefor evaluating the demonstrated and experimentally tested were lubricants of types Different Curve. Calibration Frictional via coefficient friction the approximate and evaluate to indicator an as the maximum load is very sensitive to the friction and can be used together determine thefrictional indicator of theBIT. (FEM) According to theresults, Modeling Element newwith thestatistical analysis was employed duringthedesignand a Finite as proposed tribo-test. was (BIT) simulative Test Ironing Ball research, this In of level low normal the contact pressure, surface expansion, and relative in velocity. limitation the to due suitable not is (RCT) Test of lubricants by conventional tests, suchasRing Compression uniform wall thicknessof products. To evaluate theperformance A thick sheet ironing process is normally used to control the Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Tanino Transition Behavior Under High-pressure Conditions: High-pressureTransitionUnder Behavior DevelopmentofforOil-typeLubricants Forging Cold Phase Using Session Chair:W. Homberg, Paderborn University Friday AM | July 30, 2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Lubrication andSurface Effects nlss f ok adnn ad rblgcl hne atr a after Changes TribologicalPassage: DrawbeadControlled Gap and Hardening Work of Analysis conditions supportthelubrication for cold forging process. results indicate that phasetransitionbehavior under high-pressure forging process compared with the conventional lubricants. These find we Moreover, that these materials show higher lubricating performance for materials. cold transition phase using forging cold conditions. Inthisresearch, we develop new oil typelubricants for of possibility the out phase transition materials from liquid to solid under high-pressure find we situations, these in breakthrough to make a In order defect. processing induce and shortage film oil processing heat. Sothat, oil typecold forging lubricants cause such ashighcontact pressure andhightemperature induced by well known that lubricants are exposed to the very severe condition improve thesurface quality of products. On theother hand,itis elements because they contribute to prolong the die life and In theprocess of cold forging, lubricant isoneof theimportant Technology 1 The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ; K.Kitamura 2 ; 1 Idemitsu Kosan Co.,Ltd.; N. Sae-eaw H. Schmid 1 ; Y.Aue-u-lan 1 2 ; M.Merklein Nagoya Institute of T. Okano 1 ; 1 ; 1 1 King FAU FAU 1 ; N. image coordinates. DIC and photographic measurements of planar deformation inreal and commercial with correlation flawless systems by allowing accurate mappingbetween thermographic allows it time, same used asastand-aloneoptical measurement approach, butat the precisely counteracts inhomogeneous imagedistortion. It canbe deformations. The method isnot limited to any cameramodel and from oblique thermographicandphotographic measurements of planar mapping coordinate accurate real to imagecoordinates, andinverse, applicableto even highlyfor approach effective yet measurements. The study introduces aprimitive, easy to use, coordinate mappingmethods applicableto thermographic used, however, only qualitatively due to absence of well-developed analysis of sheet material behavior. Measured temperatures are cameras has been increasingly used in the thermomechanical Synchronous measurement of temperature distribution with infrared Forming Technology -University of Stuttgart chaos with aspecificrange of parameters. in theslider inclination issue,and will leadthesystem dynamicsinto It indicates that the translational clearance joint can play a vital role were achieved basedonthetesting system for amechanical press. of thesystem responses. Furthermore, experimental validations Then, Poincaré maps andspectrumgraphs speed. were adopted to indicate theregularity and crank size clearance of influence the considered. Numerical simulations were carriedoutto investigate contact forces evaluated by theL-N dry contact model are also lubrication actionsare introduced to thedynamicequations, and analyzed inthispaper. To achieve ahigher analysis accuracy, slider, which are crucial inthestampingforming process, are from the previous studies, the inclination characteristics Distinguished of the responses. the dynamic influence significantly can The existence of clearance inthemotion joints of multi-body systems Iron Interlayer: C.Yu Vacuum Hot-roll Bonding of Titanium and Carbon Steel Using Pure Session Chair:T. Lee, IncheonNational University Friday AM | July 30, 2021|10:20 -11:20 AM Novel Processes II Effect: Lubrication and Joint Clearance Translational Both Considering Press Mechanical a of Characteristics Dynamic on Investigations Deformations: Planar on Measurements Camera Thermal of Mapping Accurate properties of thetitanium/carbon steel plate appreciably. Including the pure iron interlayer improves the bending and tensile both thetitaniummatrix andthecompound layer ontheinterface. matrix, whereas without thepure iron interlayer, fracture occurs on interlayer, fracture of thebondinginterface occurs onthetitanium iron pure the with 68%, of ratio reduction a Atcases. both in similar iron interlayer than without it. At 35% reduction, the shear strength is below 18%, the shear strength of the interface is higher with the pure and tensile tests. The results show that when thereduction ratio is scanning electron microscopy, as well astensile-shear, bending composite plate were investigated by optical microscopy and was studied. The mechanical andmicrostructural properties plate of the steel titanium/carbon bonding of hot-roll onproperties multi-pass interlayer the iron a pure of effect the paper, this In X. Wu 1 ; Y.Sun C. Karadogan 1 ; 1 ; X. Liu ; X. 1 Nanjing University of Science and Technology 1 ; H. Xiao ; 1 ; M. Liewald 1 ; Y.Zhao 1 ; 1 ; 1 Yanshan University 1 Institute for Metal TECHNICAL PROGRAM 57 ; H. 2 Shimomura Shimomura 2 ; T. Ono ; T. 2 ; H. Matumura 1 ; S. Kajikawa 1 www.tms.org/ICTP2021 T. Kuboki T. ; University University of Electro-Communications; 1 1 ; 2 : Straightener Spinner in Straightness on Intensity Bending of Effect K. Kawasaki Seimiya Tokushu Seiko Tokushu spinner of condition processing the optimum presents This paper using several rod wire straightens straightener Spinner straightener. and bending repetitive to the rod subjecting by tools straightening investigated This research movement. with rotational unbending the effectof bendingintensity on straightnessof wire by changing the Both the bending intensity. determine which the die positions the investigation. carried out for were and an analysis experiment operation actual of usage the is study this of points unique the of One Another equipment. laboratory of instead the experiment line for unique point is the (FEA) combination and a of purpose built fundamental the analysis. The analysis finiteand the existence and showed in good agreement, were experiment element analysis with improved was straightness The condition. optimum the of bending optimum the to up bending intensity the of the increase the deteriorated bending intensity excessive However, intensity. straightness. B. Saitama Saitama 1 Jadavpur Jadavpur 1 ; ; 3 ; 2 ; J. Kouyama 3 Chongqing University 1 Asahi Seisakusho Co., Ltd., Seisakusho Co., Asahi 3 ; 1 ; N. Das Talukder ; N. Das 1 ; T. Iijima T. ; 1 ; R. Chen 1 ; A. Pal 1 ; W. Araki W. ; 1 S. Roy ; Y. Wang ; Y. 1 ; Y. Arai Y. ; 2 Former Professor Emeritus Professor Former The Ohio State University; University; The Ohio State ; W. Xu ; W. 2 2 1 ; Y. Korkolis Y. ; 1 The main concerns of forming super-large rectangular ring are ring are rectangular super-large forming of The main concerns and deformation of uniformity stability, rolling accuracy, forming mechanical and related microstructure distributed the accordingly with ring a rectangular ring. In this paper, the rolled of property diameter of 9m is taken as an example, which and formation is of the requirements meet the To bearing rocket. a carrier of ring including multi-directional process, whole forming the performance, by step investigated is rolling ring and reaming punching, forging, in compared schemes are forging multi-directional Three step. the reaming For ring billet. of quality the internal improve to order process, four different reduction amountsper pass part. operation the reaming of quality the end surface control to are designed To refine grain and minimize the anisotropyof therolled ring, the and rolling high temperature is divided into process ring rolling studied are which of strategy feeding the rolling, temperature low respectively. Influence of Axial Feed-rate Shape on during Multi-pass and ThicknessTube Spinning: Experiments Changes and : Modelling Roy This paper presents a brief review of various researches done researches various of review a brief presents This paper as a can be considered straightening Bar straightening. on bar significantprocess in valuepaper the dealt stream briefly on of various have perspectives The theoretical bar production. process. straightening in bar types The of arrangements available been looked into in Residual stresses,simplified curvature manner. bending kinematic reverse to due thereof moment and bending as how taken has been approach system A been discussed. have years. the over emerged process straightening on bar development The recent developments in bar straightening using modelling after in curvature reduction / of an insight modelling give numerical reverse bending. Simulation / Numerical simulation aspects approaches Key into. been looked have process straightening in bar have errors straightness of and minimisation rolls positioning of like with Multi-Step is applied system control How been considered. Straightening Control System (MSSC) in overall an present to intended been has paper The discussed. been reducing curvature has modern times. till inception from straightening bar of view Investigation on the Whole Forming Process of Super-large Flat : D. Xie Ring The primary The purpose primary this of is research the to investigate influence changes in multi-pass, shape and thickness on feed-rate axial of shape at a hemispherical producing tube spinning for mandrel-free by experimentally is formed shape The target temperature. room 7 spinning passes from annealed, pure aluminum AA1070-O tube. The experiments are conducted passes spinning with after interrupted and mm/rev., 7.5 three and 5 2, i.e. rates different axial feed- 2, 4 and 7. In every experiment, the also found was It tube high axial-feed. the due to during the process, buckled at some point elongation higher generates feed-rate the axial decreasing that 3D elastic-plastic finite element (FE) A thickness change. and lower The is described. tube spinning process the multi-pass of model mechanisms of influence of the axial feed-rate axial on buckling, the through discussed change are and thickness tube elongation results. simulation and experimental between comparison A Brief Review on Theoretical Aspects of Bar Straightening System with Control Simulation, Modelling, its in Developments Recent and : Stabilisation University; University; University; University; The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 58 INDEX Bieler, T Biba, N Beyerlein, I Bertolini, R Bergs, T Ben Khalifa,N Behrens, S. Behrens, B Becker, E Bay, N. Bay, F Bauer, A Baudouin, C Bathelt, L Barnett, B Barlier, J. Barlat, F Bansal, A Bambach, M. Balan, T Bakkal, M. Baker, I Bai, X Bailly, D Bader, F Babu, S. B Awiszus, B. Avila, J. Aue-u-lan, Y Auer, P Athale, M. Asim, U. Asgharzadeh, A Asakawa, M Asai, K Arian, B. Araki, W Arai, Y Aoyagi, Y Alves, J. Altan, T Allwood, J. Allen, J Alimov, A Alharbi, M Alexandrov, S. Alamos, F Akiyama, M. Akasaka, I Aizawa, T Ai, S Agirre, J Abke, T Abe, E. Abedul, D A . . The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ...... 14, 18,39,49,50,53 . 16, 18,29,37, 38 13, 30,38,54 20, 54 32, 44 32, 53 33, 53 34, 35 31, 40 10, 47 37, 38 16, 32 12, 33 14, 33 32, 51 13, 54 13, 31 17, 31 20 29 29 28 38 38 22 33 33 33 33 42 42 56 43 43 44 25 35 53 53 53 27 55 47 47 57 57 19 12 21 21 14 15 15 51 17 Blackwell, P Billur, E. Bigot, R. Biggs, K Christopher, A Choi, H Choi, C Chen, R. Chen, Q Chen, L Chen, J Chen, H Cheng, Z Cheng, X Cheng, R Cheng, J. Chen, G. Chen, D. Chawla, H Charni, D Chang, Z Centeno, G Cazacu, O Capilla, G. Cao, J Cann, J C Byun, J Butz, A Butuc, M Butcher, C. Buffa, G. Bruschi, S Brunson, Z. Brunotte, K Brückner, E. Briesenick, D Bremen, T Brands, D. Bowen, D. Boungomba, H Bouchard, P Bornhorst-Home, J Bo, H Christ, T Cheng, S Brosius, A Clausmeyer, T Clarke, K Cios, G. Chung, W Chung, S Corona, E. . Cordero, Z. Colditz, P Cleaver, C Cooper, D Commichau, O ...... 20, 21,26,41,45 . 13, 24, 29,55 20, 22,42 35, 46,47 12, 25,33 21, 41,44 20, 53 39, 49 26, 57 10, 52 27, 36 37, 48 17, 35 47, 51 20 30 50 50 50 50 50 36 39 28 28 22 22 32 48 32 32 32 48 33 43 34 24 44 25 53 45 27 47 16 19 16 18 21 12 21 13 14 14 41 15 17 17 Fujikawa, S Fujii, Y. Freed, S Fratini, L Franceschi, A Fong, K Feister, T Fann, K Fang, X Fahle, S. F Frint, P Freund, L Feuerhack, A Feng, X Feng, G. Felix, D Diaz-Infante, D P de Witt, Durand, C Dubar, M Dubar, L Dong, X Dong, W Domitner, J. Dobecki, M Djakow, E. Ding, S Di Gioacchino, F Devaraj, A Deng, J. Demkowicz, M. de Argandoña, E. Dean, T Davarpanah, M Dastgiri, M. Das Talukder,N. Danno, A Daly, S. Dai, W Dahms, F Daehn, G D Erdinç, A Epp, J Ehmann, K Eff, M. Efe, M E Eren, E Evans, W Ermilova, E Cui, Z. Cui, R. Cui, C...... 15, 30,42,49,51,53 . 28, 36,45 32, 44 16, 34 14, 52 15, 27 15, 27 11, 54 20 40 40 29 26 39 39 39 28 49 49 32 48 32 32 48 48 48 43 43 24 24 52 25 35 53 53 54 54 27 27 57 16 19 19 16 18 21 21 13 14 15 51 17 INDEX 59 11 11 15 41 14 31 31 21 16 19 19 57 57 47 55 10 10 45 45 45 35 53 52 52 25 25 25 25 24 43 43 33 48 32 46 38 46 38 28 29 29 40 30 17, 28 17, 15, 27 21, 43 22, 27 35, 56 33, 34 22, 43 49, 56 39, 49 30, 54 29, 47, 57 29, 47, 43, 46, 57 29, 43, 46 17, 32, 40, 51, 54 17, ...... Kaszuba, M...... T Katagiri, L Kertsch, Kiziltas, E...... Kniazkin, I R Kordtomeikel, Katamine, K Katamine, V Keray, L Kiawi, Kijima, H...... Kimura, Y Kitamura, K M Kleiner, M Knezevic, R...... Kobayashi, R...... Kopp, Y Korkolis, Kawaguchi, H...... Kawaguchi, K Kawasaki, O...... Kaya, Kim, C...... Kim, H...... J...... Kim, Kim, M...... B Kinsey, Y Kobayashi, C...... Kock, F Kolpak, S Komiyama, P Kotzyba, Kouyama, J...... Kouyama, Krämer, A Krämer, S...... Kramer, V Kräusel, Kraus, M...... Kang, J Kang, Karadogan, C...... T Kaspar, Kanayama, K Kanayama, Kang, S...... Kajikawa, S Kajikawa, . . . . Kajino, S...... M Kamaliev, ...... M...... Joun, . . . J...... Junsong, Jia, Y Jia, Jia, Z ...... Jin, M. . . . . A Jobst, . . . . . E...... Jost, . . . D...... Jouaffre, K J Kacher, Jagodzinski, A Jagodzinski, W Jiang, ...... H. . . Jianliang, . . . S. . . . . Jirathearanat, A Jones, www.tms.org/ICTP2021 15 51 14 41 14 13 31 21 21 18 18 19 16 19 16 16 57 47 10 54 45 35 52 52 25 24 24 42 32 23 22 28 39 39 36 39 36 39 29 40 40 30 15, 27 41, 49 13, 22 50, 51 40, 41 23, 47 28, 44 33, 39 20, 23 12, 25, 33 24, 34, 46, 55 24, 10, 21, 31, 39, 40 ...... 15, 28, 30, 40, 49, 56 15, 28, 30, 40, 49, ...... Jäckisch, M...... Jäckisch, F Jaeger, J I T Ichimura, He, W He, Hirt, G Iijima, T Illgen, C ...... J. . . . . He, C Henke, ...... Q. . . . . He, . . O. . . . . Hering, M Hermes, M Herrmann, Hino, R H Hoche, I...... Indhiarto, Ingarao, G ...... S Hebbar, T Heggemann, ...... M. . . . . He, . . . . . Hild, R...... E Hoffmann, Huang, S Hedicke-Claus, Y Hedicke-Claus, V Holstein, W Homberg, Hua, L Huang, G Huang, X Huang, Y Iriondo, E...... J Isakovic, I...... Ishibashi, A Ishii, T Ishikawa, S...... Ishkina, Homer, E Homer, M Hoshino, Huang, Z Ito, K Ito, Y T Iwaoka, Hora, P Hora, M...... Horikoshi, Hu, B...... Hubert, C...... Horn, A Horn, Huberth, F Hu, X Y Hwang, ...... S Hübner, Hughes, D...... Huh, H...... J...... Hu, Husmann, H...... 11 11 17 17 14 31 12 18 18 19 16 19 16 47 47 27 54 53 35 53 44 24 24 43 33 33 33 32 23 48 38 46 38 38 49 38 46 28 36 39 40 30 11, 54 17, 35 17, 12, 41 37, 48 37, 24, 55 24, 35, 54 33, 34 29, 39 17, 32, 51 17, 14, 33, 41 16, 18, 29 36, 43, 46 15, 16, 35, 39 ...... Hayakawa, K Hayakawa, Hakoyama, T Hakoyama, H V Haguenauer, Groche, P Groche, ...... M Gruber, Guan, B...... Gu, C M Hahn, J...... Ha, A Hälsig, H...... Hamasaki, K Hameyer, F Han, S...... Han, N...... Hansen, X Han, S...... Hao, Y Harada, G...... Harpaz, S...... Härtel, C...... Hartmann, A Hatta, Guilleaume, C Green, D...... Green, T Greß, Z Gronostajski, A Groseclose, Guo, B...... Gurugubelli, S...... Gustschin, A Fullwood, D Fullwood, T Furushima, M Furutani, . . . . . Gilch, I...... Giorjao, R...... F Girot, T Glaser, . . . Goede, M...... Golle, R...... S Golovashchenko, O Golovko, Gondo, S Gorji, M...... M Graf, F Gutknecht, O...... Guvenc, ...... B Gwalani, G Galdos, L Fukuda, T Fukuda, ...... J. . . . . Gebhard, . . . . Gehde, M...... Gerland, H...... G Gerstein, Giannopoulou, D Ghiotti, A Ghiotti, The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 60 INDEX Liu, W Liu, Q. Liu, M Liu, J Liu, G. Liu, C. . Liu, B. Li, S Li, Q Lin, Y Lin, P Linne, M. Lin, L Lin, J Li, N. Lim, H. Li, M. Li, J. Li, H Li, G Li, F Liewald, M Li, D Li, C Liao, S. Lian, J Lewis, T Lee, T Leem, D. Lee, M. Lee, K Lee, J. Lee, C Laugwitz, M Laue, R. Latif, A Langner, J. Lampke, T Lai, J Lafarge, R L Kwame, J. Kuwabara, T Kustra, P Kumar, D Kumar, A Kuijer, M. Kuhlenkötter, B. Kuhfuss, B. Kudo, K Kubota, Y Kuboki, T Kuball, C Kriwall, M. Krimm, R Leonhardt, A Lei, D. Lee, Y ...... The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ...... 29, 37, 41,47, 57 18, 26,37, 48 49, 50,56 22, 54,55 20, 36 20, 22 25, 30 30, 45 26, 44 53, 56 10, 42 37, 38 18, 28 18, 53 18, 53 10, 51 15, 27 11, 22 11, 54 12, 17 20 30 40 50 50 26 26 29 36 39 23 48 23 42 43 43 24 44 52 53 53 35 45 10 37 37 55 55 47 16 19 18 21 21 51 15 15 Meng, B Mendiguren, J. Mehner, T McDowell, D. McDonnell, M Mayer, S. Ma, Y Ma, X Matumura, H Matsuno, T Matsunaga, K Matsumoto, R Massoni, E. Mason, J. Masegi, Y Marx, S Martins, P Martínez-Donaire, A Mao, Z. Mao, Y Manurung, Y Mannens, R. Mamros, E. Ma, L Makeieva, H Ma, J Magrinho, J. Madej, L Maaß, F M Löbbe, C Li, Z Li, Y Li, X Li, W Livatyali, H Liu, Y Liu, X Meng, Z Meng, M. Long, J Long, H. Lohmar, J. Milenin, A Mier, R. Miao, J. Meya, R Meschut, G. Merklein, M. Lyu, F Lu, Q Luo, A Lu, J. Lu, B Lou, Y Loukaides, E. López-Fernádez, J. Lopes, A ...... 10, 13,37, 38,42,45,56 . . . . . 10, 22,23,28,36 . 22, 52,56 34, 40 43, 46 37, 38 42, 51 11, 54 20 20 30 30 40 50 50 50 26 26 36 39 36 28 46 46 46 22 32 42 42 34 43 24 24 44 44 25 54 10 27 37 47 47 57 19 16 19 18 18 21 21 12 21 14 14 15 17 11 Nürnberger, F Nomura, S. Noh, W Noder, J Nishiwaki, T Nishikubo, Y Nishihara, T Nirudhoddi, B Ning, Y Ning, H. Nikitin, A Nielsen, C Ngaile, G Neuwirth, T S Nazari Tiji, Navidirad, M. Nassiri, A Nasheralahkami, S Narayanan, A Nakamura, T Nakamura, I Nakagiri, K Nagumo, T Nagasawa, S Nagai, Y N Mueller, D Mizuno, T Mizumura, M Miyazaki, M. Miyake, M Miura, T Mittler, T Mitsui, R. Misiolek, W Min, J. Moustafa, A Moser, N Moreau, P Monlevade, E. Mojzeszko, M. Mohr, D. Moghadam, M. Mofidi Tabatabaei, H. Mocellin, K Ohata, M Ohashi, T Oechsner, M. Oberhausen, G O Music, O. Mure, Y Murata, M Muraoka, T Mull, J. Mu, L Muenstermann, S...... 13, 30,38,54 11, 23,27 14, 41,55 33, 34 35, 47 27, 36 21, 29 41, 49 14, 24 12, 37 15, 37 14, 18 11, 45 30 40 29 26 26 29 26 29 39 39 36 28 49 38 49 22 23 23 32 32 33 25 52 35 53 35 53 35 35 27 27 55 55 47 19 19 16 41 15 17 17 11 INDEX 61 11 11 11 17 15 14 41 13 21 21 19 19 19 19 47 55 27 54 54 35 35 53 25 25 24 56 56 33 33 33 23 48 32 48 23 22 38 49 49 28 36 29 26 29 26 50 40 40 40 30 30 20 20 20 12, 25 18, 53 34, 50 ...... Tamer, E...... Tamer, K Tanaka, Stonis, M Stonis, M Stout, Sun, X S...... Takatsuka, T Takemasu, K Takemoto, T Takeshita, Y Tamai, S...... Tanaka, R...... Tanemura, D...... Tang, J Tang, W Tang, N...... Tanino, J...... Tao, Sreenivasulu, A Sreenivasulu, J Stahl, K Stahl, A Stalmann, A Stebner, W Stepniowski, Sun, Y T I...... Takahashi, Y Takahashi, Song, B...... Song, M Song, Y D...... Splitter, M...... Stennei, Suzuki, S Son, J...... Son, J Speer, ...... J...... Signorelli, M...... Silva, Shyam, A Shyam, B Silva, E...... Simonetto, Shirayori, A Shirayori, A Shirizly, . . . . . Shi, Z...... Shmuel, A Shokrani, A . . . . Shouji, H...... M...... Sitko, Shiratori, T Shiratori, Sommitsch, C Shi, M T Shimizu, . . . . . Shi, R...... Sheu, J Sheu, ...... Shim, D. . . . . K Shinagawa, Shin, G Shen, Y Shen, Shen, J Shen, www.tms.org/ICTP2021 11 17 41 41 31 31 31 12 12 57 57 57 55 37 27 10 54 35 25 24 24 43 34 56 56 42 33 33 48 32 48 22 22 38 38 49 28 39 39 39 39 36 29 29 29 50 50 40 30 20 20 20 20 13, 31 33, 41 36, 45 39, 49 ...... Samukawa, J Samukawa, Sapli, H...... Roy, B . . . . M...... Ryser, T Saito, A Sakamoto, E...... Sakamoto, Saldana, C...... I Sari Sarraf, E Sariyarlioglu, Schenck, C Roy, S F Rudolph, L Rychlowski, S N...... Sae-eaw, Sagapuram, D...... R Sako, B Schauerte, Schell, L Scheunemann, L Schmid, H Schmidt, R Reimers, W Reimers, A Roula, K Saitoh, C...... Scheffler, Schoch, D A Schowtjak, Reinberg, N Reinberg, T Rostek, Riedmueller, K Riedmueller, A Rosa-Sainz, . . S...... Rosenthal, J Schröder, Schuh, C...... A Schulze, Schulz, M...... P Schwarz, H...... Seimiya, Shen, F Ren, P Ren, R Schulte, R Sekar, J Shao, J...... Sheng, ...... U. . . . . Ripert, A Roatta, N Rodríguez, A Rohatgi, Q Rong, L Semenchenko, N...... Senabulya, Senn, S...... C Seyalioglu, Shan, D...... Shang, H Shang, X 17 15 41 14 41 21 21 18 18 19 57 57 47 55 37 27 27 10 10 54 25 52 25 52 52 25 43 43 56 42 42 33 33 23 48 22 49 28 39 36 29 30 48, 51 14, 33 41, 49 40, 43 40, 43 11, 23, 27 11, 23, 27 11, 23, 14, 33, 41 13, 25, 30, 38, 54 13, 25, 30, 38, 54 ...... Qiquan, L M...... Rehm, Qin, Y B...... Ragupathi, A Ramirez, A Rautenstrauch, M Razali, B Reedlunn, Raghavan, K Raghavan, R Qian, D Q Okude, Y W Ong, T Ono, ...... Ou, H...... P M Packo, Okuda, K Oonishi, H A Oruna, C Osawa, . . . . I...... Otake, N Otegi, . Otsu, M...... C...... Overhagen, K Paffrath, A Pal, ...... Oh, H ...... M. . . Okada, T Okazaki, G...... Palumbo, G Pan, T Park, N...... Parson, N...... Pathak, I Pätzold, Prasad, K W Presz, J Preußner, V Psyk, Okano, T Okano, Pavlina, E...... Pavlina, P Pavliuchenko, Y Pengfei, Y Peng, K Perzynski, A Piccininni, V Pidvysots’kyy, Y Korkolis, P. J...... Plumeri, W Poole, N Poulain, F Pourboghrat, Prajadhiana, K The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) (ICTP Plasticity of Technology on the Conference The 13th International 62 INDEX Wan, M. . Wang, Z. Wang, Y Wang, X Wang, Q. Wang, L Wang, K Wang, J Wang, H. Wang, D. Wang, B. Walzer, S Wakin, M Wagoner, R. Wagner, M W Vuppala, A Volk, W Voigts, H Vogt, S Vogt, H Vogel, M. Vivek, A Vincze, G Venet, G. Vallellano, C. V Utsunomiya, H Utsumi, N Urabe, M Upadhya, S. Umemura, K Umemoto, K Umeda, M. Uhlmann, L Uhe, B. Uebing, S. U Tsutamori, H. Tschiptschin, A Traphöner, H Tran, R. Trächtler, A Tong, W Tobie, T Tian, F Thurston, B. Thiery, S. Terashita, Y Teller, M. Tekkaya, A.E. . Taub, A Tashima, K Tasan, C The 13th International Conference onthe Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) ...... 39, 40,44,46,48,55 . 10, 13,24, 29,34, 28, 33,38,47, 49 31, 32,42,49,53 19, 35,44,55 42, 50,51 19, 36,48 13, 34,43 37, 48,57 13, 31,45 21, 51,53 39, 40 39, 49 48, 53 23, 54 26, 51 13, 55 17, 46 14, 41 12, 17 30 40 50 50 29 28 49 38 22 48 32 32 42 43 44 53 10 10 27 37 37 47 19 21 13 14 41 14 14 15 17 17 Wu, Z. Wu, X Wu, W Wu, R. Wu, P Wu, H Wróbel, M. Wolfgarten, M. Wolf, A Wiens, E. Widomski, P Wester, H. Wenzheng, D. Wen, H Welo, T Wells, M. Weiss, S. Weiss, H. Wei, S Wei, C. Watanabe, M. Xu, Y Watanabe, K Watanabe, A Yoshida, F Yoo, Y Yoon, J Yoo, J. Yong, X Yi, Y Yi, H. . Yang, Y yang, x Yang, S. Yang, Q. Yang, M Yang, H. Yan, C Yanagimoto, J Yamasaki, Y Yamaguchi, K Yamada, T Yakushina, E. Yagami, T Yadav, S. Y Xu, W Xu, S Xu, J. Xiong, X Xiong, W Xinyun, W Xie, D. Xie, B. Xia, Q. Xiao, H X ...... 26, 27, 36 13, 34,43 39, 49 36, 46 23, 26 52, 56 18, 32 13, 45 13, 55 18, 57 50 26 26 36 28 28 28 38 23 48 23 32 48 23 42 56 24 24 44 52 25 25 52 53 53 54 45 10 10 27 37 37 55 57 16 19 19 12 31 31 14 41 51 15 51 Zych, D. Zeng, Y Zdravkovic, S. Zbib, H Zang, Y Zang, A Z Yulong, G. Yukawa, N. Yu, J. Yu, H Yu, C Yuan, S. Yoshikawa, Y Yoshida, Y Zwierzchowski, M Zoller, L Zhu, C. Zhu, c Zhuang, W Zhang, B Yoshimura, H Zou, Z Zhuang, X Zhou, W Zhou, P Zhou, J Zhou, H. Zhou, G. Zhigang, W Zheng, Q Zhao, Z. Zhao, Y Zhao, X Zhao, S. Zhao, R. Zhao, G. Zhang, X Zhang, W Zhang, S. Zhang, L Zhang, K Zhang, J. Zhang, H Zhang, C Zhang, Z. Zhang, Y ...... 17, 28,36,45 21, 52,56 41, 54,55 33, 34 19, 30 10, 23 23, 41 12, 45 17, 35 12, 17 12, 17 20 30 30 40 50 50 39 39 28 46 22 48 23 23 23 32 23 42 56 24 24 24 45 10 27 37 55 16 19 18 18 31 41 51 15 The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity (ICTP 2021) The 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity VIRTUAL EVENT www.tms.org/ICTP2021