Simultaneous Quantification of Diarylheptanoids and Phenolic
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Identifying Species and Hybrids in the Genus Juglans by Biochemical Profiling of Bark
ISSN 2226-3063 e-ISSN 2227-9555 Modern Phytomorphology 14: 27–34, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.200108 RESEARCH ARTICLE Identifying species and hybrids in the genus juglans by biochemical profiling of bark А. F. Likhanov *, R. I. Burda, S. N. Koniakin, M. S. Kozyr Institute for Evolutionary Ecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 37, Lebedeva Str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine; * likhanov. [email protected] Received: 30. 11. 2019 | Accepted: 23. 12. 2019 | Published: 02. 01. 2020 Abstract The biochemical profiling of flavonoids in the bark of winter shoots was conducted with the purpose of ecological management of implicit environmental threats of invasions of the species of the genus Juglans and their hybrids under naturalization. Six species of Juglans, introduced into forests and parks of Kyiv, were studied, namely, J. ailantifolia Carrière, J. cinerea L., J. mandshurica Maxim., J. nigra L., J. regia L., and J. subcordiformis Dode, cultivar J. regia var. maxima DC. ′Dessert′ and four probable hybrids (♀J. subcordiformis × ♂J. ailantifolia; ♀J. nigra × ♂J. mandshurica; ♀J. cinerea × ♂J. regia and ♀J. regia × ♂J. mandshurica). Due to the targeted introduction of different duration, the invasive species are at the beginning stage of forming their populations, sometimes amounting to naturalization. The species-wise specificity of introduced representatives of different ages (from one-year-old seedlings to generative trees), belonging to the genus Juglans, was determined. J. regia and J. nigra are the richest in the content of secondary metabolites; J. cinerea and J. mandshurica have a medium level, and J. ailantifolia and J. subcordiformis-a low level. On the contrary, the representatives of J. -
Influence of Whole-Wheat Consumption on Fecal Microbial Community
Influence of whole-wheat consumption on fecal microbial community structure of obese diabetic mice Jose F. Garcia-Mazcorro1,2, Ivan Ivanov3, David A. Mills4 and Giuliana Noratto5,# 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Auto´noma de Nuevo Leo´n, General Escobedo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico 2 Research Group Medical Eco-Biology, Universidad Auto´noma de Nuevo Leo´n, General Escobedo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico 3 Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States 4 Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States 5 School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States # Current Address: Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States ABSTRACT The digestive tract of mammals and other animals is colonized by trillions of metabolically-active microorganisms. Changes in the gut microbiota have been associated with obesity in both humans and laboratory animals. Dietary modifications can often modulate the obese gut microbial ecosystem towards a more healthy state. This phenomenon should preferably be studied using dietary ingredients that are relevant to human nutrition. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of whole-wheat, a food ingredient with several beneficial properties, on gut microorganisms of obese diabetic mice. Diabetic (db/db) mice were fed standard (obese-control) or whole-wheat isocaloric diets (WW group) for eight weeks; Submitted 28 October 2015 non-obese mice were used as control (lean-control). High-throughput sequencing Accepted 27 January 2016 using the MiSeq platform coupled with freely-available computational tools and Published 15 February 2016 quantitative real-time PCR were used to analyze fecal bacterial 16S rRNA gene Corresponding authors sequences. -
Evolution of Angiosperm Pollen. 7. Nitrogen-Fixing Clade1
Evolution of Angiosperm Pollen. 7. Nitrogen-Fixing Clade1 Authors: Jiang, Wei, He, Hua-Jie, Lu, Lu, Burgess, Kevin S., Wang, Hong, et. al. Source: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 104(2) : 171-229 Published By: Missouri Botanical Garden Press URL: https://doi.org/10.3417/2019337 BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/terms-of-use. Usage of BioOne Complete content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non - commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Annals-of-the-Missouri-Botanical-Garden on 01 Apr 2020 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Access provided by Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS Volume 104 Annals Number 2 of the R 2019 Missouri Botanical Garden EVOLUTION OF ANGIOSPERM Wei Jiang,2,3,7 Hua-Jie He,4,7 Lu Lu,2,5 POLLEN. 7. NITROGEN-FIXING Kevin S. Burgess,6 Hong Wang,2* and 2,4 CLADE1 De-Zhu Li * ABSTRACT Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis in root nodules is known in only 10 families, which are distributed among a clade of four orders and delimited as the nitrogen-fixing clade. -
Morphological Variability Between Geographical Provenances of Walnut Fruit (Juglans Mandshurica) in the Eastern Liaoning Province, P.R
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 30, No. 5 (2021), 4353-4364 DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/131806 ONLINE PUBLICATION DATE: 2021-05-21 Original Research Morphological Variability between Geographical Provenances of Walnut Fruit (Juglans mandshurica) in the Eastern Liaoning Province, P.R. China Lijie Zhang1,2, Xiujun Lu1,2, Qiang Zhou1, Jifeng Deng1,2* 1College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China 2Key Laboratory of Forest Tree genetics and Breeding of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China Received: 5 October 2020 Accepted: 18 December 2020 Abstract The eastern Liaoning Province of China has rich morphological diversity in walnut fruit, which is beneficial for selecting promising characters for marketability purposes. However, only a few reports have addressed morphological diversity in this region. In this study, J. mandshurica nuts and kernels from six geographical provenances were assessed for morphological traits, such as nut longitudinal diameter, nut lateral diameter, nut transverse diameter, mean diameter, nut weight, kernel weight, shell thickness, nut sutural thickness, kernel percentage, and index of roundness. Morphological traits proved to be quite variable and showed differences both within and among the geographical provenances. The frequency distribution of the traits had single peaks and followed a normal distribution. Principal component analysis revealed that 81.062% of the total variance was explained by the first three components. An unweighted PGM with averaging cluster analysis divided the geographical provenances into two groups; cluster I, containing five geographical provenances, and cluster II, containing only one. The study highlighted that the traits related to nut weight were of importance for discrimination, and Fushun is the optimal geographical provenance for breeding and selection. -
Inflorescence Dimorphism, Heterodichogamy and Thrips
Annals of Botany 113: 467–476, 2014 doi:10.1093/aob/mct278, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org Inflorescence dimorphism, heterodichogamy and thrips pollination in Platycarya strobilacea (Juglandaceae) Tatsundo Fukuhara* and Shin-ichiro Tokumaru Faculty of Education, Fukuoka University of Education, 1-1 Akama-Bunkyo-machi, Munakata, Fukuoka, Japan * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 22 July 2013 Returned for revision: 11 September 2013 Accepted: 14 October 2013 Published electronically: 3 December 2013 † Background and Aims Unlike other taxa in Juglandaceae or in closely related families, which are anemophilous, Platycarya strobilacea has been suggested to be entomophilous. In Juglandaceae, Juglans and Carya show hetero- dichogamy, a reproductive strategy in which two morphs coexist in a population and undergo synchronous reciprocal sex changes. However, there has been no study focusing on heterodichogamy in the other six or seven genera, includ- ing Platycarya. † Methods Inflorescence architecture, sexual expression and pollination biology were examined in a P. strobilacea population in Japan. Flowering phenology was monitored daily for 24 trees in 2008 and 27 in 2009. Flower visitors and inhabitants were recorded or collected from different sexes and stages. † Key results The population of P. strobilacea showed heterodichogamous phenology with protogynous and duodi- chogamous–protandrous morphs. This dimorphism in dichogamy was associated with distinct inflorescence morph- ologies.Thrips pollination was suggested bythe frequent presence of thrips withattached pollen grains,the scarcityof other insect visitors, the synchronicity of thrips number in male spikes with the maturation of female flowers, and morphological characters shared with previously reported thrips-pollinated plants. Male spikes went through two consecutive stages: bright yellow and strong-scented M1 stage, and brownish and little-scented M2 stage. -
5. JUGLANS Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 997. 1753. 胡桃属 Hu Tao Shu Trees Or Rarely Shrubs, Deciduous, Monoecious
Flora of China 4: 282–283. 1999. 5. JUGLANS Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 997. 1753. 胡桃属 hu tao shu Trees or rarely shrubs, deciduous, monoecious. Branchlets with chambered pith. Terminal buds with false-valved scales. Leaves odd-pinnate; leaflets 5–31, margin serrate or rarely entire. Inflorescences lateral or terminal on old or new growth; male spike separate from female spike, solitary, lateral on old growth, pendulous; female spike terminal on new growth, erect. Flowers anemophilous. Male flowers with an entire bract; bracteoles 2; sepals 4; stamens usually numerous, 6–40, anthers glabrous or occasionally with a few bristly hairs. Female flowers with an entire bract adnate to ovary, free at apex; bracteoles 2, adnate to ovary, free at apex; sepals 4, adnate to ovary, free at apex; style elongate with recurved branches; stigmas carinal, 2-lobed, plumose. Fruiting spike erect or pendulous. Fruit a drupelike nut with a thick, irregularly dehiscent or indehiscent husk covering a wrinkled or rough shell 2–4- chambered at base. Germination hypogeal. About 20 species: mainly temperate and subtropical areas of N hemisphere, extending into South America; three species in China. 1a. Leaflets abaxially pubescent or rarely glabrescent, margin serrate or rarely serrulate; nuts 2-chambered at base; husk indehiscent; shell rough ridged and deeply pitted .............................................................. 3. J. mandshurica 1b. Leaflets abaxially glabrous except in axils of midvein and secondary veins, margin entire to minutely serrulate; nuts 4-chambered at base; husk irregularly dehiscent into 4 valves; shell wrinkled or smooth ridged and deeply pitted. 2a. Leaflets 5–9; shell wrinkled, without prominent ridges .................................................................... -
Transthyretin Amyloid Fibril Disrupting Activities of Extracts and Fractions from Juglans Mandshurica Maxim
molecules Article Transthyretin Amyloid Fibril Disrupting Activities of Extracts and Fractions from Juglans mandshurica Maxim. var. cordiformis (Makino) Kitam. Niraj Chaudhary 1,2,†, Ryoko Sasaki 1,†, Tsuyoshi Shuto 1, Masato Watanabe 3, Teppei Kawahara 4 , Mary Ann Suico 1, Takeshi Yokoyama 5, Mineyuki Mizuguchi 5, Hirofumi Kai 1,* and Hari Prasad Devkota 2,3,* 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; [email protected] (N.C.); [email protected] (R.S.); [email protected] (T.S.); [email protected] (M.A.S.) 2 Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan 3 Department of Medicinal Botany, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; [email protected] 4 Useful and Unique Natural Products for Drug Discovery and Development (UpRoD), Program for Building Regional Innovation Ecosystems at Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; [email protected] 5 Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; [email protected] (T.Y.); [email protected] (M.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.K.); [email protected] (H.P.D.); Tel.: +81-96-371-4405 (H.K.); +81-96-371-4381 (H.P.D.) † Both authors contributed equally. Received: 21 December 2018; Accepted: 29 January 2019; Published: 30 January 2019 Abstract: Transthyretin-related amyloidosis is a slowly progressive disorder caused by deposition of insoluble amyloid plaques formed by fibrillization of mutant or defective transthyretin (TTR) monomers that leads to neurodegeneration and organ failure. -
Reproduction and Potential Range Expansion of Walnut Twig Beetle Across the Juglandaceae
Biol Invasions (2018) 20:2141–2155 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1692-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Reproduction and potential range expansion of walnut twig beetle across the Juglandaceae Andrea R. Hefty . Brian H. Aukema . Robert C. Venette . Mark V. Coggeshall . James R. McKenna . Steven J. Seybold Received: 10 June 2017 / Accepted: 19 February 2018 / Published online: 1 March 2018 Ó This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2018 Abstract Biological invasions by insects that vector this insect has expanded its geographic range by plant pathogens have altered the composition of colonizing naı¨ve hosts. The objective of this study was natural and urban forests. Thousand cankers disease to characterize limits to, and variation within, the host is a new, recent example and is caused by the complex range of P. juglandis and infer the extent to which of walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, and hosts might constrain the geographic distribution of the fungus, Geosmithia morbida, on susceptible hosts, the insect. We examined colonization and reproduc- notably some Juglans spp. and Pterocarya spp. Host tion by P. juglandis in no-choice laboratory experi- colonization by P. juglandis may be particularly ments with 11 Juglans spp., one Pterocarya sp., and important for disease development, but the beetle’s two Carya spp. over 2 years and found that all but the host range is not known. In the United States and Italy, Carya spp. were hosts. Reproduction was generally greater on Juglans californica, J. hindsii, and J. nigra, than on J. -
The Genus Alpinia: a Review of Its Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
DOI: 10.15806/j.issn.2311-8571.2015.0026 World J Tradit Chin Med 2016; 2(1): 26–41 Modern Research on Chinese Materia Medica The Genus Alpinia: A Review of Its Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Wei-Jie Zhanga, Jian-Guang Luoa and Ling-Yi Kong* aState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China *Correspondence: Prof. Ling-Yi Kong, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry,China Pharmaceutical University,24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Genus Alpinia consists of over 250 species, which are widely distributed in south and southeast Asia. Many plants of genus Alpinia have been used for thousands of years to treat digestive system diseases and as anti-inflammatory drugs. Phytochemical research on this genus has led to the isolation of different kinds of diarylheptanoids, terpenes triterpenoids, phenylbutanoids, lignans, and flavonoids. Experimental evidences revealed that both the crude extracts and pure constituents isolated from the genus Alpinia exhibit a wide range of bioactivities such as anti- cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, cardiovascular, and digestive system protective effects. Here, we summarize the phytochemistry and pharmacology investigation of the genus Alpinia, which can provide reference for further research and drug development. Key words: Genus Alipinia, phytochemistry, pharmacology, a review Received 3 August 2015; Accept 2 March 2016 INTRODUCTION review, the conclusion can be drawn that, diarylheptanoids, terpenes and flavonoids are abundant in this genus. Genus Alpinia is a large genus of the Zingiberaceae family, which is widely distributed in many tropical regions of Asia, including China, India and Indonesia. -
Fitoterapia 145 (2020) 104610
Fitoterapia 145 (2020) 104610 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Fitoterapia journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fitote Flavonoid, stilbene and diarylheptanoid constituents of Persicaria maculosa T Gray and cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds Andrea Vasasa, Ildikó Lajtera, Norbert Kúsza, Péter Forgóa, Gusztáv Jakabb, Csilla Fazakasc, ⁎ Imola Wilhelmc,d, István A. Krizbaic,d, Judit Hohmanna,e, a Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary b Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Water and Environmental Management, Tessedik Samuel College, H-5540 Szarvas, Hungary c Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary d Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, RO-310414 Arad, Romania e Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Persicaria maculosa (Polygonaceae) has been used as edible and as medicinal plant since ancient times. As a result Persicaria maculosa of multistep chromatographic purifications, chalcones [2′-hydroxy-3′,4′,6′-trimethoxychalcone (1), pashanone Flavanones (2), pinostrobin chalcone (3)], flavanones [6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavanone (4), pinostrobin (5), onysilin (6), Chalcones 5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone (7)], flavonol [3-O-methylgalangin (8)], stilbene [persilben (9)], dia- Stilbene rylheptanoids [1,7-diphenylhept-4-en-3-one (10), dihydroyashabushiketol (12), yashabushidiol B (13)] and 3- Diarylheptanoids oxo-α-ionol-glucoside (11) were isolated from P. maculosa. The present paper reports for the first time the Cytotoxicity occurrence of diarylheptanoid-type constituents in the family Polygonaceae. Cytotoxicity of 1–5, 7 and 9–11 on 4 T1 mouse triple negative breast cancer cells was assayed by MTT test. -
Juglandaceae (Walnuts)
A start for archaeological Nutters: some edible nuts for archaeologists. By Dorian Q Fuller 24.10.2007 Institute of Archaeology, University College London A “nut” is an edible hard seed, which occurs as a single seed contained in a tough or fibrous pericarp or endocarp. But there are numerous kinds of “nuts” to do not behave according to this anatomical definition (see “nut-alikes” below). Only some major categories of nuts will be treated here, by taxonomic family, selected due to there ethnographic importance or archaeological visibility. Species lists below are not comprehensive but representative of the continental distribution of useful taxa. Nuts are seasonally abundant (autumn/post-monsoon) and readily storable. Some good starting points: E. A. Menninger (1977) Edible Nuts of the World. Horticultural Books, Stuart, Fl.; F. Reosengarten, Jr. (1984) The Book of Edible Nuts. Walker New York) Trapaceae (water chestnuts) Note on terminological confusion with “Chinese waterchestnuts” which are actually sedge rhizome tubers (Eleocharis dulcis) Trapa natans European water chestnut Trapa bispinosa East Asia, Neolithic China (Hemudu) Trapa bicornis Southeast Asia and South Asia Trapa japonica Japan, jomon sites Anacardiaceae Includes Piastchios, also mangos (South & Southeast Asia), cashews (South America), and numerous poisonous tropical nuts. Pistacia vera true pistachio of commerce Pistacia atlantica Euphorbiaceae This family includes castor oil plant (Ricinus communis), rubber (Hevea), cassava (Manihot esculenta), the emblic myrobalan fruit (of India & SE Asia), Phyllanthus emblica, and at least important nut groups: Aleurites spp. Candlenuts, food and candlenut oil (SE Asia, Pacific) Archaeological record: Late Pleistocene Timor, Early Holocene reports from New Guinea, New Ireland, Bismarcks; Spirit Cave, Thailand (Early Holocene) (Yen 1979; Latinis 2000) Rincinodendron rautanenii the mongongo nut, a Dobe !Kung staple (S. -
Synthesis of Natural and Non-Natural Diarylheptanoids and Evaluation of Their Neuroprotective Activity
Synthesis of natural and non-natural diarylheptanoids and evaluation of their neuroprotective activity Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) der Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie der Universität Regensburg vorgelegt von Petr Jirásek aus Prag 2014 Gedruckt mit Unterstützung des Deutschen Akademischen Austauschdienstes Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Zeitraum vom Januar 2011 bis September 2014 unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Jörg Heilmann und PD Dr. Sabine Amslinger am Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie und am Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Regensburg angefertigt. Das Promotionsgesuch wurde eingereicht am: Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 29.09.2014 Prüfungsausschuss: Prof. Dr. Jörg Heilmann (Erstgutachter) PD Dr. Sabine Amsliger (Zweitgutachter) Prof. Dr. Sigurd Elz (dritter Prüfer) Prof. Dr. Siavosh Mahboobi (Vorsitzender) Danksagung An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich bei allen Personen bedanken, die zum Gelingen dieser Arbeit beigetragen haben: bei Prof. Dr. Jörg Heilmann für die Vergabe dieses spannenden Themas, für viele wertvolle Anregungen, sein Vertrauen und für die schöne Jahre in seiner Arbeitsgruppe; bei PD Dr. Sabine Amslinger für die lehrreiche Zeit in Ihrem Umfeld, für all die Hilfe in Sachen organischer Chemie und für die herzliche Aufnahme in Ihrem Arbeitskreis; mein besonderer Dank gilt dem Deutschen Akademischen Austauschdienst für die Finanzierung meiner Promotion; bei allen jetzigen und ehemaligen Kolleginen und Kollegen am Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie möchte ich mich für das besonders freundliche Arbeitsklima und ihre Hilfsbereitschaft ganz herzlich bedanken; mein Dank gilt natürlich auch meinen Laborkolleginen und Laborkollegen von AK Amslinger für die angenehme Laborzeit und viele anregende Disskusionen; bei Frau Gabriele Brunner für ihre Geduld und Hilfe bei allen praktischen Aspekten der alltägigen Laborarbeit, genauso wie bei Frau Anne Grashuber für ihre unabdingbare und freundliche Unterstützung bei der Betreung der Praktika; weiterhin möchte ich mich bei Dr.