SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 2017 DAILY EXCELSIOR, JAMMU daily Excelsior Established 1965 Greater Autonomy: A Step Closer to Azadi? Founder Editor S.D. Rohmetra K B Jandial Indian people should have no rights in Kashmir. To tution were also amended by the State legislature Chidambaram's flawed views are only Kashmir give consent to this proposal, would be a treacher- which is competent to do it like change of Sadr-i- centric having no regards for the nationalistic sen- fter long time, autonomy debate has come ous thing against the interests of India and I, as the Riayast and Wazir-i-Azam to Governor and Chief timents of Jammu and Ladakh regions which don't Setback to Saffron production to the centre stage of J&K and national polit- Law Minister of India, will never do it." Minister. This too cannot be called erosion. have such sentiment, his claim on overwhelming Aical discourse, mainly due to P Chi- Nehru was compelled to get it drafted from The off-repeated war cry of NC leadership of majority support notwithstanding. It can't be said dambaram's support for 'Greater Autonomy' for Gopalaswami Ayyangar in consultation with "erosion" of autonomy, the claim supported by about whole of Kashmir. He is insulting a vast affron production is a very old agricultural J&K, broadly calling 'azadi' seekers as autonomy exercise of Kashmir valley. In the entire Sheikh Abdullah and the Constituent Assembly many political leaders at national level including majority who don't subscribe to this sentiment. As supporters. Like a hot potato, the Congress party approved it as a temporary measure. This shows Chidambaram and some political analysts and Union Home Minister he could have experiment SKashmir valley, there is a specific area in immediately distanced itself from Chidambaram's that the provision which the then leadership of columnists, came under scrutiny of one of the three his revolutionary views but he couldn't even amend Pampore region, an alluvial land that is the only place controversial remark. Kashmir wanted didn't have the comfort of the best Working Groups on State -Centre relationship set AFSPAduring his tenure and let down Omar Abdul- Chidambaram's statement has opened up a Pan- constitutional brains of the country but Sheikh up by Manmohan Singh amidst 2010 Kashmir lah on this issue. where saffron is cultivated. The peculiarity of the soil dora Box with politicians of all hues joining the on which saffron is grown is exclusive to the area and Abdullah had his way. unrest that took over 120 lives. Justice (Retd.) Leave aside PM's outburst on Chidambaram's fray- for or against autonomy- cum -azadi for Talk of erosion of autonomy apart, question Sagheer Ahmed headed panel went into the issue azadi being politically motivated, equating azadi nowhere else in the valley the saffron is grown. In 'restive' J&K. While PM Modi didn't miss the arises who has snatched the autonomy? How can of erosion of autonomy but didn't agree with NC's seekers with autonomy supporter is terribly mis- opportunity to condemn the former Union Home ancient times saffron was one of the prime commodi- anybody take it away without amending Article contention. It recorded that the constitutional pro- placed if not mischievous or anti-national. Kash- Minister and a senior lawyer for batting for "aza- 370? How can it be eroded when the constitution- visions were applied following prescribed proce- miris are more politically sound than people of any ties that were carried along the famous Silk Route to di" seekers, Dr. Farooq Abdullah slammed one and al provision is followed in letter & spirit? Dr. Farooq dure with concurrence of duly elected/ constitution- other region. Their slogans of " Hum kya chatey different parts of the world. At one time it was the all- from Congress to Modi to Army Chief. While has arraigned its all time ally, Congress, for "ero- al state government of the day from time to time. hain- Azadi", "azadi ka matlab kya- Laila Illalah", mainstay of Kashmir economy. addressing the State-level NC convention, held sion of autonomy" and the Congress kept silent on In a democracy (despite its all deficiencies), the after 15 years on Sunday last (29th October), he " Pakistan se rishta kya- Laila Illalah", " Pakistan Saffron production is an art and the farmers who this criticism even though the unsavory debate has government represents the popular will of the peo- Zindabad" and "Indian dogs go back" do not even said, "the present dispensation thinks that they will been initiated by a senior congressman only. One ple. have been carrying the profession of saffron cultiva- crush Kashmiris with force.'' "No force can forcibly remotely indicate that slogan mongers' would has to understand Article 370 in right perspective In terms of Indira-Sheikh accord of 1975 that remain part of this great secular nation even if tion from generation to generation are adepts in the muzzle the voice of the people of Jammu, Kashmir and not what one may think it otherwise to suit one's led to return of Sher-i-Kashmir to mainstream pol- and Ladakh," he thundered. autonomy is restored. If it is so simple then why he art. It is a purple coloured flower that blooms in late perception. itics, Sheikh Abdullah had set up a 7-member cab- as Home Minister and his Congress party led UPA The autonomy-cum-azadi slugfest had first inet sub-committee headed by the then Dy. CM, autumn and is picked by hand and then treated in a causality: the Hurriyat leadership that was main- didn't resolve the long pending matter by taking STRAIGHT TALK Mirza Afzal Beig to review all laws and provisions J&K back to 1953? way known to the farmers. We gave reports that this taining studded silence on Modi Govt's appoint- extended to the state after 1953(Sheikh's ouster) ment of ex- IB Chief Dineshwar Sharma for dia- Congress has been accused of committing blun- year the saffron production will fall by about 90 per Article 370 has three important provisions. One and to report whether operation of any such was ders in Kashmir right from the moment of accept- logue with all stakeholders rejected engagement part ( Art 370 cl-1(b) sub cl (i)) restricts the legisla- detrimental to the interest of the State. It was asked cent which will be a big setback to the economy of with him. It took a pot shot on PM Modi for his ing Instrument of Accession. Why a strange letter the State and to the income of individual farmers. The tive power of the Parliament to the subjects of the to submit the report within 15 days, the deadline was sent to Maharaja to ascertain the wishes of the strong reaction to Chidambaram's suggestion of Union and Concurrent lists corresponding to the not met. In the meanwhile, Sheikh sacked Beig reason given by the farmers is that the Government 'greater autonomy' to Kashmir and said that Delhi people of the state when peace returns? Why the matters specified in the schedule of the Instrument from the cabinet and himself became its Chairman marching columns of Indian army were stopped did not provide irrigation facilities at proper time has rejected restoration of autonomy which is guar- of Accession on November 16, 1978. But he could not spare time anteed by its own (Indian) constitution. from vacating the rest of the captured territory of which caused damage to the crop. The second important part (cl-1(b) sub cl (ii)) from more pressing issue for it, he made his Min- the State in 1947? Why Pt Nehru took the issue to At Rajkot, Gujarat while interacting with media empowers the President of India to bring more sub- ister, D.D.Thakur, former Judge of J&K High Actually in 2010 the Mission Saffron was launched persons his views on Kashmir were sought and his UNO and internationalized Kashmir issue? Why jects in these lists under Parliament jurisdiction Court, it's Chairman. Getting very late on this issue, Sheikh Abdullah was arrested in 1953 and charged by the State Government with the collaboration of the take was, "My interaction in J&K led me to the con- with the concurrence of State Govt. It means that if Thakur himself went into the entire gambit and sub- clusion that when they ask for Azadi, mostly, I am with sedition in 1953 to be withdrawn later on and Union Government. A sum of rupees 400 crore was J&K Govt concurs more subjects can be brought mitted his report on July 18, 1981 which is a reinstalled as CM in 1975? Why were the captured not saying all… the overwhelming majority, they under the legislative competence of the Parliament. described as a lucid exposition of law. allotted to modernization and improvement of saffron strategic points of West Pakistan in 1965 war like want autonomy." He feels that the question of The third part (Art 370 cl-1(c & d)) relates to However, G N Kochak, member of the Com- Haji Pir returned? Why Indira Gandhi from the cultivation in Kashmir. But as ill luck would have it, greater autonomy should be seriously considered application of Art 1 and 370 to J&K. But more Arti- mittee showed his reservations on Thakur's recom- position of strength failed to force crest fallen Bhut- the scheme instead of proving a boon to the saffron and in which area it should be granted. Chi- cles of Constitution can be extended to J&K but mendations and submitted his report on April 11, to to finally settle Kashmir issue at Shimla before dambaram feels that most of the 'azadi' seekers are, with the concurrence of the State Govt with such 1982. But Sheikh Abdullah or his cabinet refrained cultivation became their bane. Never before have releasing over 96000 Pakistani PoW in 1972? in fact, autonomy lovers. Then are all these people exceptions and modifications as the President may from taking a decision on either of the reports and Where was need to dismiss Dr Farooq Govt in 1984 had these agriculturists faced such a disastrous year. NC activists since NC has been in the vanguard for order. this issue finally stood closed with the demise of The complaint of most of the farmers of the locality is 'restoration of autonomy'? Chidambaram's assess- The core of Article 370 is its flexibility to extend Sheikh Sahib on September 8, 1982.No law was by misusing Article 356 and installed defectors' that the Government under the Mission Saffron proj- ment is flawed on many counts even though Modi more Articles of Constitution to J&K and bring recommended for repeal by Sheikh Abdullah Govt Govt in J&K? Where was the need to brazenly and BJPtoo have over reacted especially when they rig1987 election in Kashmir, even a few constituen- ect had decided to dig 109 tube wells to provide more subjects in Union and Concurrent lists under despite in power for nearly seven years. One pre- have recently appointed a special representative for Parliament's legislative jurisdiction. The only con- sumption could be that Sheikh had reconciled with cies as is quietly accepted? There many more such water to the crop. Instead of 109 only 90 wells have dialogue and he has yet to find its feet in Kashmir. dition laid down is 'concurrence' of the State Govt. matter and did want to touch it any further. But his blunders India (read Congress) have done in Kash- been dug and most of these are dysfunctional. The Chidambaram cannot be oblivious to the source which in democracy represents the will of the peo- successors don't leave the opportunity to revive this mir including humiliating last Dogra ruler Mahara- of autonomy for J&K. He knows it well that auton- ple. This luxury is not available to any other Indi- issue even when Justice Sagheer panel had upheld ja Hari Singh and perpetually ignoring Jammu and authorities did not pay attention to the urgent need of omy is granted by no document or provision other Ladakh by treating these as mere appendages to providing water to the crops with the result that the an States. This is the autonomy which Sheikh extension of all laws. Chidambaram, being privy than Article 370 of Constitution of India. He is Abdullah had bargained for J&K on taking over full to this report, and Omar Abdullah, to whom this Kashmir? flowering did not take place. Some of the farmers expected to know the import of this constitutional control of the Govt after "managing self-exile" of report was submitted should have contested this Is it another blunder being forced on the nation went to the extent of saying that the mad scheme of provision and how Sheikh Abdullah got it incorpo- Maharaja Hari Singh. finding at that time. by treating 'azadi' as 'autonomy'? 'Greater Autono- rated in the constitution despite serious reservations my' if ever considered, could only be possible by bringing in modern cultivation formula was disastrous Now, all that has happened in J&K since 1950 The flip side of this controversy is the failure of of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. is as per the prescribed provisions in Article 370. Kashmir leadership to identify any of the extended amending Article 370- delete all clauses of Art 370 and if they had stuck to the traditional ways of saffron The historical anecdote repeated umpteen time Successive J&K Governments had been giving Indian laws or Constitutional provisions detrimen- except cl-1(b) sub cl (i) and make it permanent. This cultivation they would not have to face the failure of in earlier Straight Talk and elsewhere in the media concurrence for extension of more provisions of the tal to the interest of the people of the State. The proposition would be closer to the idea of Hong the crop. They said that they were advised to use that Ambedkar, architect of the Constitution, had Constitution to J&K in terms of Article 370 cl-1(c unresolved predicament is as to how a law which Kong model which our Dogra pride espoused in declined the request of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru to draft Rajya Sabha. Do it, and take Kashmir only one step cow dung as manure but it proved disastrous. & d) and for empowering Parliament with more is good for 124 cr people across the country includ- the Article saying that he would not do injustice subjects in Union & Concurrent lists under (Arti- ing 20 cr Muslims how could it be harmful just for away from 'azadi'. Why didn't UPA Govt execute The question is did the Government weigh the with the nation. He had told Sheikh Abdullah in cle 370 cl-1(b) sub cl (ii)). Now, if the prescribed over one crore residents of J&K? Only reason is this great idea in 2010 itself? It could have saved pros and cons of the scheme called Mission Saffron unambiguous words, "You wish India should pro- procedure of Article 370 has been followed to give that by preventing Indian laws & Constitutional thousands of lives of Kashmiris, militants and secu- tect your borders, she should build roads in your before implementing it actually on the ground? As benefit to the people of the State also like rest of provisions, Kashmiris are fed that they are separate rity forces that had been lost in past seven years. area, she should supply you food grains, and Kash- the country, how can it be called erosion of auton- from India & this self created psychological barri- Jammu & Ladakh would never accept this propo- said in the beginning saffron is a very very delicate mir should get equal status in India. But Govern- omy? er is responsible for fillip to separatism and result- sition. flower and even the slightest mistake or mishandling ment of India should have only limited powers and In addition, the provisions of the State Consti- ant bloodshed to achieve what is not achievable. (feedback: [email protected]) will spoil the crop. That is precisely what happened. In a mad rush for modernization and with the only ashmir Shaivism is not a this subjective energy and one motive of producing more quantitatively, great religion. It is a philoso- becomes jivanmukta (released in life).This path is meant for damage has been done to the industry. Now, before Kphy open to those who have the desire to understand it; Kashmir Shaivism- An overview those seekers who reside the everything else the Government should consider the hence for its study there are no highest level of ability. restrictions of caste ,creed or secrets of Trika philosophy. ing and revealing. Lord Shiva meditation. By the grace of your beginning of 8th century AD by Shaktopaya is that upaya ways and means how the traditional methods of cul- Swami Ram's chief disciple was wanted to enlighten the universe Master you realise it and you are the Great Sage Vasuguptanatha tivation can be revived and reserved so that this fab- colour. which is functioned by the Lord Shiva appeared in the Swami Mahatab Kak. Swami by manifesting the existence of there. who himself got it from Lord means of energies. In shakto- ulous industry is not subjected to wanton destruction. form of Swachandanatha in the Lakshmanjoo was the disciple Tantras. In order to accomplish Kula system: Shiva through the Sutras paya, the yogi does not have to However, it is also important that the Government beginning of Satyuga with five of Swami Mahatab Kak. Swami this, he manifested these Tantras The kula system was intro- engraved on the huge boulder recite mantras or be aware using through his five mouths. heads and eighteen arms. Lakshmanjoo was therefore the duced in Kashmir in the begin- named Shankar Pal in Kashmir. his breath or concentrate on any should order departmental enquiry into the reasons for Kashmir Shaivism derives Later in the beginning of last in this unbroken chain of ning of the 5th century AD by The word spanda means move- particular spot. He has only to its teachings from these sixty- the failure of the crop. If it was owing to draught and Kaliyuga, this theory of the Kashmir Shaiva Masters Srimacchandanatha.The kula ment or vibration and the spanda see and concentrate on that four monistic tantras or Bhairav deficiency of water for irrigation, the reasons should be Bhairava Tantras was lost. Lord Swami Lakshmanjoo was system teaches you how you can school recognises that nothing Supreme Being that is found on Tantras. The essence of these is Shiva therefore reappeared at born in Srinagar, Kashmir on live in Universal consciousness, can exist without movement. two actions without actions. made public and corrective measures should be taken called " Trika Shaivism". Mount Kailasa, not in the form May 9,1907. He was the most the Real nature of your Self in This system directs the aspirant Anavopaya is concerned so that this does not happen again. It is also important The literature of Kashmir of Svacchandanatha but in the recent and the greatest of the both the ascending and the to concentrate on each and every with "anu" the individual's soul. saints andmasters of the tradi- shaivism can be broadly divided to ensure that the environs and the air in the locality form of Sri Kanthanatha and descending act. This system movement of this world. There Anavopaya is that upaya, in tion of Kashmir Shaivism. into three divisions: i) Agama taught the theory of Bhairava therefore teaches you how you are 112 ways laid down in which a sadhaka is endowed are free of pollution and also the chemicals if used as Having a deep understanding of Sastra ii) Spanda Shastra iii) Tantras to Sage Durvasa who can live in totality. Vigyan Bhairavtantra through with an inferior capacity of manure need to be tested in the laboratory. We have the philosophy and practices of Pratyabhijna Shastra. passed on this philosophy from Krama system: which an aspirant can attain the mind and meditation, must Kashmir Shaivism,he was like a The tantric philosophy of apprehensions that spurious chemicals might have generation to generation by cre- Although the krama system spanda state by meditating on develop God Consciousness by splendid and shining rare jewel. Kashmir Shaivism was taught restoring to Meditation, to the been supplied to the farmers. Therefore a full enquiry ating mind borne sons (siddhas). existed in the beginning of the centre of any two acts, men- From early childhood he spent by four great Masters in four practice of Pranayama, the cita- After 15 generations of mind Kaliyuga, having been intro- tal or physical. should be conducted into this episode and the farmers his life studying and practicing great schools, Pratyabhijana duced by the sage Durvasa, it tion of Mantras. born sons, this tradition was car- Three Upayasink Kashmir the teachings of this unique school, karma school, kula was reintroduced at the end of It is important to realize that who have suffered more than 60 per cent loss should ried out with elevated masters Shaivism sacred tradition. Because of his school and spanda school. 7th century AD in Kashmir by though there are different be given financial support. including Sangamaditya, The word upaya in our intellectual power and strength Pratyabhijana system: sage Erakanatha also known as upayas, yet all of these upayas Varshaditya, Ananda, Kashmir Shaivism is used to of awareness, he realized both The Pratyabhijana system Sivanandanatha. In the karma indicate the way and means to lead you to the state of one tran- Somanandanatha, Utpladeva, Gurez development spiritually and intellectually the was flourishing in the beginning system, you have to rise step by enter from individual conscious- scendental consciousness. Lakshmangupta, Shambunatha, reality of its thought. Swami of kaliyuga. As time passed, step in succession. This system ness into Universal God The following shloka which Abhinavagupta, Kshemaraja Lakshmanjoo was instrumental however, it became veiled due teaches that step by step realisa- Consciousness. Our Shaivism is the very first verse of trategically Gurez is a sensitive area being on and Yogaraja. the link to the Krishan Ganga River. In terms of in revival of ancient philosophy to misunderstanding. It wasn't tion makes your realisation firm. proclaims that there are three Somanand'sSivadrishti sums up Since its beginning the of Kashmir Shavism in the 20 th until the end of the 8th century The karma school is grounded in means for entering into the vast philosophy of Kashmir Stourism, if developed, it would be a rare tourist sacred lineage of Kashmir century. AD that the Great Master space, time and form. Its pur- Universal God Consciousness: Shaivism destination owing to the natural setting and scenic Shaiva Masters has remained Kashmir Shaivism is known Somananda reintroduced this pose is to develop such strength Shambhavopaya,the supreme Somananda says : Let Shiva, unbroken, yet due to the rise and beauty of the valley. The Chief Minister recently paid as the pure Trika System, the system in Kashmir. of awareness that one transcends means, Shaktopaya, the medium who has taken the form of my fall of Kashmir over the past three fold signs of man and his Pratyabhijana means to the circle of time, space and means and anavopaya, the infe- individual being offer saluta- a visit to Gurez. Obviously, the all round development 700 years, it had been practical- world. In the thought of "Trika", recognise, to realise your Self form and thus becomes timeless, rior means. tions to his Universal Being of the area meaning the Gurez Valley was uppermost ly hidden from public view. there are three energies: once again spontaneously. Here spaceless and formless, whereas In Shambhavopaya, the sad- Shiva for removal of obstacles in her mind to which she gave vent. The foremost item Later in the eighteenth cen- Para(Supreme), Apara(Lowest) you have only to realise , you do in both Pratyabhijana system haka has only to develop his which are also none other than tury, Swami Manakak was born. and Parapara(combination of the not have to practice. There are and Kula system, you are awareness of "I" consciousness. Shiva. of development which she touched upon is the need He was recognized as a great lowest and the highestThe grace no upayas(means) in this sys- beyond space and time. Individual "I" consciousness Article contributed by : Iswar to build the tunnel at Razdan pass to make access to Master of Kashmir Shaivism. of Lord Shiva is manifested tem. You simply recognise who Spanda system: quickly vanishes, as it is united Ashram Trust (Founded by Swami the Gurez valley possible round the year. It is a snow He initiated Swami Ram who through his five acts, creation, you are. Here, there is no prac- The spanda system was with God Consciousness, Lakshmanjoo) became well versed in the wherein the Sadhaka is one with [email protected] bound area and the pass closes for long winter protection, destruction, conceal- tice, no concentration and no introduced in Kashmir in the months. The Chief Minister assured the people of Gurez that she would take up the matter with the Union Government and hopefully the project of tun- Did Nehru, Jinnah fail their communities? nelling the pass will be through in due course of time. Dr. Vinay Thusoo the majority-minority syndrome, with particularly and National nationalism led to the difference focused on religion. "As long as I am at the helm disastrous consequences for the minority. The between Nehru and Sheikh which Country is of affairs," he declared, "India will not become a The Chief Minister touched upon a number of trange but true. India got its first prime min- developmental projects and other activities leading original situation of conflict may have disap- bearing the brunt of. To make things look Hindu state. The very idea of a theocratic state is ister from the Minority community called peared but extreme stand as of now from the straight, In India, the word secularism should be not only medieval but also stupid." to the improvement of life and proving better facili- S'Kashmiri Pandits' and Pakistan got Mohd Hindu community and Muslim orthodoxy talk replaced with "Appeasism" because whosoever is Jinnah's vision of secular Pakistan was not ties to the people. We strongly support that Gurez Ali Jinnah as Governor-General, from the and behave in a manner that revives the syn- in power choose to appease the tolerated by the fundamentalists. They had toler- Minority in Pakistan called 'Shia'. Both communi- drome. religion/caste/creed, which they think are poten- ated Jinnah so long he was leading the Muslims should be brought on the priority map of develop- ties who gave India and Pakistan their respective The majority-minority syndrome divides the tial voters. So the whole concept of secularism in in the fight for Pakistan but when Pakistan was ment in the State. In particular the Valley should be first tallest leader and many more, are suffering in nation, breeds hierarchy and aimlessly detracts present form is misfit in country like India. To achieved Jinnah was seen as a hindrance to their their own countries. Pandits were forced to exile developed for tourism for which it has large poten- from welfare and development and encourages a substantiate my view once Jinnah addressed a objective of making Pakistan a theocratic state. in 1990 and likewise, the plight of Shias is not tial. Besides that the Valley is also said to be con- morally obnoxious conservatism. It has the poten- rally in Kashmir and said to Sheikh Abdullah to Later attempts were made to have this speech hidden from anybody. It can be validated from the tial of turning the country into an economic include more of Hindus and Sikhs into his party burnt or removed from the official record. taining rich mineral wealth which has not been fact that even for their Qaid E Azam, funeral wasteland to give it look of a secular one, the way in India, Unfortunately, Jinnah in the religious, separatist explored so far. The people of the area expressed prayer was given as per Shia ritual in a room of Why is that the minorities, wherever they are, Indian National congress has done. He used to garb won the race leaving behind Sarojini the Governor General's House and his janaza their satisfaction that the Government had intro- are being discriminated on the basis of colour call Maulana Azad, the poster boy. That state- Naidu's Jinnah as a one-liner in Indian history (funeral) according to the Sunni ritual at the duced helicopter service to the area and that had creed and religion? Why minorities on daily basis ment of Jinnah sowed Pseudo secularism in books. It won't be wrong to say that Jinnah had ground where a grand mausoleum was later con- have to seek approval from the majority commu- Kashmir. And finally Kashmiri Pandits were up- failed in India and Pakistan failed him. Jinnah stood the people in good stead. This backward area structed. Unfortunately, the valley based politi- nity for their action? More the minorities are rooted from the Valley. Jinnah asked Mr. Sathu, and Nehru both seemed to be walking the dotted cians didn't speak either of fear or some of them needs to be paid full attention and the youth of the asked to prove themselves, more they hide the noted journalist, why Kashmiri Pandits were line drawn by Lord Curzon in 1905 when he area have to be provided with all facilities to develop might have thought that the apple-cart of hollow behind their rituals/religion. There is one more reluctant to join their Muslim brethren in their divided Bengal.Winston Chruchill was also in and contribute to the prosperity of the State. Chief secularism as conceived and practiced in the state question why those leaders were not able to put fight against the autocratic rule. Sathu told favour of having British India divided into will turn turtle. I don't want to undermine some of Jinnah about the fears of his community. "They Hindustan, Pakistan and Princestan, because he Minister stressed upon improving road network of in place certain values which could have given the members of the majority community who at meaningful directions to the country. Nehru was have the impression that they will suffer politi- was convinced that Princestan will remain Astor within Gurez Valley to let people connect with various intervals of time did speak and were hurt successful to implant the values of secularism in cally, socially and economically under the British pockets in India. each other. She also directed administration to expe- by the exodus of Pandits, because they knew the India but failed to extend it to the valley where Muslim rule, hearing Sathu's reply, Jinnah In the light of absurd conspiracy theories value of having a vibrant minority for maintaining dite the process of extending mobile connectivity to Jinnah in his month stay had implanted the poi- responded, if they have such fears they are right, making rounds in social media, I wish to conclude sanity in the valley. The contribution of Kashmiri "because we Muslims in India share the same with disclaimer that my intention is not to casti- the area to remove the communication gap between son of two nation theory. The seed sown in 1944 Pandits in various areas of learning since ancient bore its fruits finally in 1990 when minuscule fears viz-a-viz the majority community." Jinnah gate the stature either of Nehru or Jinnah. But had people here and rest of the State. It is in fitness of times is fortunately well documented. meaningful community was forced to leave. promised to take every step to impress upon the they kept their respective egos aside, probably things if a comprehensive developmental plan for The pressures of a common front of the major- Nehru worked towards consolidating Kashmiri majority community in valley to be fair to the partition would have never happened and none of ity against a minority, and the minority against the minorities. Jinnah and Nehru both believed in the minorities would have felt the way they are Gurez is contemplated and placed before the Union nationalism as an affiliate of Pan-Indian national- majority, generate a 'conspiracy of silence over ism to checkmate the influence of the two-nation secularism in true sense before Jinnah dedicated feeling/suffering and above all two nation theory Government because of the sensitivity of the region social evils'. In India and Pakistan, Majority and theory on the political culture of the Jammu and himself to communal leadership. Nehru was able would not have triumphed in Kashmir. and its security imperatives. Minority both appear to have inherited features of Kashmir state. Clash of Kashmir Nationalism to prevent India from lapsing into an identity (The author is Public Relations Officer, University of Jammu)