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“THE ART OF SERVING IS WITH THEM INNATE”: HUNTING, FISHING, AND INDEPENDENCE IN THE POST-EMANCIPATION SOUTH, 1865-1920 by Scott Edward Giltner BA, Hiram College, 1996 MA, University of Pittsburgh, 1998 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2005 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Scott Edward Giltner It was defended on June 29, 2005 and approved by Dr. Kathleen Blee, Sociology Dr. Seymour Drescher, History Dr. Marcus Rediker, History Dr. Van Beck Hall, History Dissertation Director ii Copyright By Scott Edward Giltner 2005 iii “THE ART OF SERVING IS WITH THEM INNATE”: HUNTING, FISHING, AND INDEPENDENCE IN THE POST-EMANCIPATION SOUTH, 1865-1920 Scott Edward Giltner, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2005 Abstract This dissertation argues that hunting and fishing became central battlegrounds in the struggle over African-American independence between the end of the Civil War and the 1920s. Throughout that period, those deeply-rooted black cultural traditions, carried through centuries of bondage and further developed after 1865, remained important weapons in African Americans’ fight to control their own lives and labor. Drawing on narratives of former slaves, sportsmen’s recollections, records of fish and game clubs and resorts and sporting periodicals, I show that former slaves used hunting and fishing to reduce their dependence on agricultural labor in the service of whites and maximize their freedom. Because they reflected both symbolic and real African-American independence, hunting and fishing became central targets of white efforts to more firmly draw the racial line and protect their own economic and sporting interests.
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