Ključni Vojno-Politički Događaji U Istočnoj Bosni 1942

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Ključni Vojno-Politički Događaji U Istočnoj Bosni 1942 KLJUČNI VOJNO-POLITIČKI DOGAĐAJI U ISTOČNOJ BOSNI 1942. Šumanović, Vladimir Doctoral thesis / Disertacija 2019 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Croatian Studies / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Fakultet hrvatskih studija Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:111:212074 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-05 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of University of Zagreb, Centre for Croatian Studies Hrvatski studiji Vladimir Šumanović KLJUČNI VOJNO-POLITIČKI DOGAĐAJI U ISTOČNOJ BOSNI 1942. DOKTORSKI RAD Hrvatski studiji Vladimir Šumanović KLJUČNI VOJNO-POLITIČKI DOGAĐAJI U ISTOČNOJ BOSNI 1942. DOKTORSKI RAD Mentor: prof. dr. sc. Josip Jurčević Zagreb, 2019. Centre for Croatian studies Vladimir Šumanović KEY MILITARY-POLITICAL EVENTS IN EASTERN BOSNIA IN 1942 DOCTORAL THESIS Supervisor: Josip Jurčević, Ph. D. Zagreb, 2019. ŽIVOTOPIS MENTORA Prof. dr. sc. Josip Jurčević hrvatski je povjesničar rođen 1951. godine u Imotskome. 1975. g. diplomirao je povijest i filozofiju na Filozofskome fakultetu u Zagrebu. Na istome je fakultetu magistrirao 1996. g. s temom Problem proučavanja žrtava Drugoga svjetskog rata na području Hrvatske te doktorirao 2000. g. s temom Represivnost jugoslavenskoga sustava u Hrvatskoj 1945. godine. Od kraja 1994. zaposlen je na mjestu samostalnoga savjetnika u državnoj Komisiji za utvrđivanje ratnih i poratnih žrtava, od kada započinje s aktivnijim znanstvenim djelovanjem u okviru navedene tematike. Od 1997. zaposlen je u Institutu društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar u Zagrebu, unutar kojega je sudjelovao na nizu znanstvenih projekata. Na studiju povijesti na Hrvatskim studijima Sveučilišta u Zagrebu bio je nositelj glavnih kolegija povezanih s poviješću 20. stoljeća kao i izbornih kolegija iz suvremene svjetske i hrvatske povijesti. Na studiju Novinarstva (do njegova ukidanja) na Hrvatskim studijima Sveučilišta u Zagrebu bio je nositelj kolegija Povijest uspostave hrvatske države. Trenutačno je nositelj nekoliko kolegija iz suvremene hrvatske povijesti na preddiplomskome, diplomskome i poslijediplomskome studiju povijesti na Hrvatskim studijima Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Na Filozofskome fakultetu u Osijeku predaje kolegije suvremene svjetske i hrvatske povijesti. Bio je predavač i na Visokoj učiteljskoj školi u Petrinji. Teme njegova znanstvena opusa uglavnom su povezane s ratnim i poratnim stradalništvom u razdoblju Drugoga svjetskog rata, hrvatskim iseljeništvom te Domovinskim ratom. Autor je mnogobrojnih znanstvenih djela poput: Nastanak jasenovačkog mita, Bleiburg: jugoslavenski poratni zločini nad Hrvatima, Crna knjiga komunizma u Hrvatskoj, Odnos Republike Hrvatske prema Bosni i Hercegovini 1990. – 1995., Prikrivena stratišta i grobišta jugoslavenskih komunističkih zločina, Slučaj Perković: spašavanje zločinačke budućnosti, Stogodišnji teror jugoslavenstva i komunizma u Hrvatskoj i Heroji hrvatskoga Domovinskog rata: svjedočanstva, te još mnogih drugih. SAŽETAK Područje istočne Bosne, koje je tijekom Nezavisne Države Hrvatske (NDH) obuhvaćalo prostor njezinih jedanaest kotara, bilo je glavno pobunjeničko žarište u razdoblju 1942. godine. U prvoj polovini 1942. godine pobunjeničke snage, u velikoj većini sastavljene od lokalnoga pučanstva srpskoga etničkog podrijetla, nadzirale su središnji dio istočnobosanskoga prostora. Njihov su glavni protivnik bile institucije NDH, koje su zbog neizgrađenosti svojega upravnog aparata do kraja 1941. godine izgubile nadzor nad čitavim područjem istočne Bosne uz izuzetak njegova sjevernoga dijela i grada Sarajeva. Kao posljedica toga, njemačka se vojska aktivno uključila u borbu protiv pobunjeničkih snaga kako bi suzbila njihov utjecaj i ponovno obnovila rad institucija NDH. Nasuprot tome, talijanska vojska koja je nadzirala južne kotare zaključno s Višegradom, najvažnijim prometnim središtem istočne Bosne nakon Sarajeva, imala je sasvim drukčiji pristup prema navedenim događajima od njemačke vojske, koji se očitovao u tome što je talijanska posada u Višegradu prihvatila četnike kao saveznike. Ta činjenica dovela je do redefinicije savezničkih odnosa u istočnoj Bosni u razdoblju 1942. godine između talijanske vojske s jedne strane, te njemačke vojske i uprave NDH s druge strane, jer je talijanska vojska pružala zaštitu četnicima koje su njemačke vojne ustanove i vlasti NDH smatrale protivnicima. Na taj suprotstavljeni odnos nadovezao se sukob tih četiriju navedenih vojno-političkih čimbenika protiv partizana, koji su bili prijetnja svima. Potiskivanjem većega dijela partizanskih snaga iz istočne Bosne sredinom 1942. godine, istočnobosanski je prostor u drugoj polovini 1942. godine postao relativno mirnije područje u kojemu su jedina prepreka za stabilizaciju uprave NDH činili četnici, koji su se nalazili u savezu s talijanskom vojskom. Doduše, na račun interesa NDH s četnicima je pokušala suradnju uspostaviti i njemačka vojska, ali je ta suradnja bila prostorno i vremenski ograničena, te nikada nije bila provođena u onome intenzitetu kao što je to bilo između četnika i talijanske vojske. Ključne riječi: istočna Bosna, 1942. godina, uprava NDH, četnici, partizani, njemačka vojska, talijanska vojska. SUMMARY The eastern Bosnia area, which during the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), included the area of its eleven districts was in the period of 1942 the main rebel center. In the first half of 1942 the rebel forces, which were largely composed of local Serbian population, controlled the central part of the eastern Bosnian area. Their main opponent were the NDH institutions which by the end of 1941 lost control over the whole territory of eastern Bosnia with the exception of its northern part and the city of Sarajevo, due to the underdevelopment of their administrative apparatus. As a result, the German Army actively engaged in the combat against the rebel forces to counteract their influence and renew the work of NDH institutions. As opposed to that, the Italian Army, which supervised over the southern district up to the town of Višegrad, which was the most important eastern Bosnia traffic center after Sarajevo, had a different attitude towards these events than the German Army, which manifested itself in the fact that the Italian squad in Višegrad accepted the Chetniks as allies. This fact led to the redefinition of allied relations in eastern Bosnia in 1942 between the Italian Army on the one hand and the German Army and the NDH Administration on the other hand, since the Italian army provided protection to the Chetniks who were considered by the German military institutions and the NDH authorities as their opponents. This opposing relationship was followed up by the conflict between these four listed military-political factors against the partisans who were a threat to all. By suppressing the majority of Partisan forces from eastern Bosnia in mid-1942, this area became a relatively quiet in the second half of 1942, where the only obstacle for stabilization of the NDH Administration were the Chetniks who were in an alliance with the Italian army. However, in the interests of NDH, the German Army also attempted to establish a co-operation with the Chetniks, but this co- operation was spatially and temporally limited, and had never been carried out in the same intensity as it was between the Chetniks and the Italian Army. Key words: eastern Bosnia, 1942, NDH Administration, the Chetniks, the Partisans, the German Army, the Italian Army SADRŽAJ I.UVOD ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 II. ZEMLJOPISNE I DRUŠTVENE ODREDNICE ISTOČNE BOSNE ……………………………………….. 6 III. USPOSTAVA VLASTI NEZAVISNE DRŽAVE HRVATSKE U ISTOČNOJ BOSNI …………………….9 IV. ORUŽANA POBUNA U ISTOČNOJ BOSNI 1941. GODINE ………………………………………………12 V. NJEMAČKA I TALIJANSKA VOJSKA U ISTOČNOJ BOSNI TIJEKOM DRUGE POLOVINE 1941. GODINE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25 VI. FORMIRANJE PRVE PROLETERSKE BRIGADE I NJEZINE BORBE PROTIV ČETNIKA U ISTOČNOJ BOSNI ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29 VII. OPERACIJA ROMANIJA ………………………………………...………………………………………… 36 7.1. Priprema operacije Romanija …………………………………………………………………………. 36 7.2. Provedba operacije romanija ………………………………………………………………………….. 38 7.3. Uloga postrojba NDH u Operaciji Romanija ….……………………………………………………….46 7.4. Djelatnost talijanske vojske u Operaciji Romanija ..…………………………………………………...48 7.5. Partizanska vlast u fočanskom i čajničkom kotaru …………………………………………………….50 7.6. Odluka o operativnome podređivanju snaga NDH njemačkoj 718. diviziji ………………………….. 54 VII. ČETNICI JEZDIMIRA DANGIĆA…………………………………………………………………………..56 8.1. Prijedlog generala Paula Badera o surdanji s četnicima Jezdimira Dangića ...………………………....56 8.2. Prijepori oko suradnje s Dangićem …………………..…………………………………………………57 8.3. Memorandum Milan Nedića …………………………………………………………………………....64 8.4. Utjecaj Nedićevih snaga nad četnicima u istočnoj Bosni ………………………………………………68 IX. SLOM DANGIĆEVIH ČETNIKA ………………………………………………………………………….....74 9.1. Akcija Jure Francetića krajem veljače 1942. godine …………………...………………………………74 9.2. Postupci njemačkih snaga tijekom Francetićeve akcije ………………………………………………..77 9.3. Sastanak u Opatiji ……………………………………………………………………….……………..79 9.3. Partizanski napad na Dangićeve četnike ………………………………………………….……………81 9.5. Ciljevi partizanskoga napada na četnike u istočnoj Bosni …..……………………….....……………...87 9.6. Njemački napad na partizane u istočnoj Bosni …………………………………….........……........…..99 9.7. Francetićevo zauzimanje Vlasenice…………………………………………………..........………….102 9.8.
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