DOCSLIB.ORG

Global Mesothelioma Deaths Reported

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Global Mesothelioma Deaths Reported ResearchResearch Global mesothelioma deaths reported to the World Health Organization between 1994 and 2008 Vanya Delgermaa,a Ken Takahashi,a Eun-Kee Park,a Giang Vinh Le,a Toshiyuki Haraa & Tom Sorahanb Objective To carry out a descriptive analysis of mesothelioma deaths reported worldwide between 1994 and 2008. Methods We extracted data on mesothelioma deaths reported to the World Health Organization mortality database since 1994, when the disease was first recorded. We also sought information from other English-language sources. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated and mortality trends were assessed from the annual percentage change in the age-adjusted mortality rate. Findings In total, 92 253 mesothelioma deaths were reported by 83 countries. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates were 6.2 and 4.9 per million population, respectively. The age-adjusted mortality rate increased by 5.37% per year and consequently more than doubled during the study period. The mean age at death was 70 years and the male-to-female ratio was 3.6:1. The disease distribution by anatomical site was: pleura, 41.3%; peritoneum, 4.5%; pericardium, 0.3%; and unspecified sites, 43.1%. The geographical distribution of deaths was skewed towards high-income countries: the United States of America reported the highest number, while over 50% of all deaths occurred in Europe. In contrast, less than 12% occurred in middle- and low-income countries. The overall trend in the age- adjusted mortality rate was increasing in Europe and Japan but decreasing in the United States. Conclusion The number of mesothelioma deaths reported and the number of countries reporting deaths increased during the study period, probably due to better disease recognition and an increase in incidence. The different time trends observed between countries may be an early indication that the disease burden is slowly shifting towards those that have used asbestos more recently. .中文, Français, Pусский and Español at the end of each article ,عريب Abstracts in Introduction was included only in 1993 with the 10th revision (ICD-10).14 However, as acknowledged by WHO, accuracy in diagnosing Malignant mesothelioma is a rare but fatal form of cancer which causes of death varies among countries.13 By 30 January 2011, is difficult to diagnose. The disease is causally linked to asbestos mesothelioma death figures were available for a 15-year period. exposure with an etiological fraction of 80% or more.1,2 It has been The aim of this study was to improve the understanding and man- reported that the incidence is much higher in men than women.3 agement of malignant mesothelioma by carrying out a descriptive The latency period for mesothelioma after initial exposure to asbes- analysis of global data available on deaths caused by the disease. tos is typically longer than 30 years and the median survival time after diagnosis is 9–12 months.3 The World Health Organization Methods (WHO) has recognized that asbestos is one of the most important occupational carcinogens and that the burden of asbestos-related We extracted the numbers of mesothelioma deaths recorded in the disease is rising. Consequently, WHO has declared that asbestos- WHO mortality database as malignant mesothelioma (i.e. ICD- related diseases should be eliminated throughout the world.4 10 category C45 or any subcategory thereof ) between 1994 and 2008. In addition, we conducted a literature search of PubMed The global mesothelioma burden is unclear. Driscoll et al. to identify papers published in English that could provide useful estimated that as many as 43 000 people worldwide die from the information on national mesothelioma data. However, the data 5 disease each year. It has also been estimated that there are around identified lacked detailed information on the numbers of deaths 10 000 mesothelioma cases annually in Australia, Japan, North (e.g. on year, age group and gender). Consequently, we used only 1 America and western Europe combined. In addition, Park et al. data from the WHO mortality database in the analysis. suggested that one mesothelioma case may be overlooked for every The number of deaths was summed by calendar year and coun- 6 four to five recorded. Reports of an increase in the incidence of try and was stratified according to demographic characteristics, 7–11 mesothelioma have been published in a wide range of countries. including gender and anatomical disease site. To calculate mortal- However, to date there is no established global baseline that can ity rates, national population data were obtained from the WHO be used to evaluate trends in disease occurrence. health statistics and health information systems12 and the United Since 1994, data on mesothelioma deaths have been included States Census Bureau,15 with priority being given to WHO data. in the WHO mortality database, which records deaths in WHO National counts were further aggregated by region and in- Member States in each calendar year. Data are specified by disease come level. We merged the smaller regions defined by the United category, gender and 5-year age intervals and are integrated across Nations Statistics Division16 into the five continents: Africa, the countries using a common format.12 Data comparability improved Americas, Asia, Europe and Oceania. In addition, we adapted the with the introduction of the International Classification of Dis- World Bank categories of national income level17 to form three eases (ICD),13 though the category “malignant mesothelioma” categories: low, middle and high income. The World Bank “up- a Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Iseigaoka 1-1, Yahatanishiku, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture 807-8555, Japan. b Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, England. Correspondence to Ken Takahashi (e-mail: [email protected]). (Submitted: 30 January 2011 – Revised version received: 17 May 2011 – Accepted: 17 May 2011 – Published online: 13 June 2011 ) 716 Bull World Health Organ 2011;89:716–724C | doi:10.2471/BLT.11.086678 Research Vanya Delgermaa et al. Global mesothelioma mortality per middle” and “lower middle” categories With regard to anatomical site, the ing age-adjusted mortality rate was 5.3 per were merged into the middle category. pleura accounted for 41.3% of all meso- million during 2001 to 2008 compared National data on mesothelioma thelioma deaths and unspecified sites, for with 4.0 per million during 1994 to 2000. deaths were available for 1 to 15 years, de- 43.1%, far outnumbering the peritoneum Age-specific mesothelioma mortality pending on the country. As a consequence, and pericardium, which accounted for rates for men and women separately and the number of countries that reported data 4.5% and 0.3% of deaths, respectively. combined are illustrated by age group in in any particular year ranged from 3 to 57. The male-to-female ratio was higher for Fig. 1. The rate was relatively unchanging This variability was taken into account unspecified sites, the pleura and other at below 10 mesothelioma deaths per mil- when calculating the mortality rate for a sites, at 4.0:1, 3.7:1 and 3.2:1, respectively, lion up to 55 years of age, then increased group of countries by ensuring that any compared with 1.8:1 and 1.6:1 for the peri- sharply to a peak of 54 per million for particular country contributed data to cardium and peritoneum, respectively. In individuals aged 75 to 89 years. In men, both the numerator and denominator of fact, mesothelioma of the peritoneum was the rate peaked at 113 per million in the rate calculation only in those calendar more than twice as common in females as the 80–84-year age group; in women, it years during which mesothelioma data in males (7.7% versus 3.6%, respectively; peaked at 21 per million in the same age were available for that country. Age- data not shown in the table). By anatomi- group. For pleural mesothelioma, a peak adjusted mortality rates were calculated cal site, the age-adjusted mortality rate was in mortality between the ages of 75 and using a direct age-adjustment method, 2.3, 2.3 and 0.3 per million for the pleura, 89 years was also clearly observed (Fig. 2; with reference to the world population in unspecified sites and the peritoneum, available at: http://www.who.int/bul- the year 2000.18 respectively. The mean age at death by letin/volumes/89/10/11-086678). For To assess disease trends over time, we anatomical site was highest for unspecified peritoneal mesothelioma, an age peak was analysed the data from countries that had sites, at 70.9 years, while it was 70.1 years noted for individuals aged 65 to 84 years reported deaths due to mesothelioma for for patients with pleural mesothelioma and (Fig. 3; available at: http://www.who.int/ more than 5 years. Regression analysis was 70.7 years for the category of other sites. bulletin/volumes/89/10/11-086678). used to determine how the age-adjusted Again, findings for these sites contrasted Graphs of the age-specific mesothelioma mortality rate varied by calendar year. A with those for the peritoneum and pericar- mortality rates for different national log–linear trend was assumed and weight- dium, for which the mean age at death was income levels demonstrated the same age ing was applied for the size of population 66.0 and 61.1 years, respectively. peak for high-income countries (Fig. 4; at risk each year. To characterize the time When mesothelioma deaths were available at: http://www.who.int/bulletin/ trend in the age-adjusted mortality rate, analysed by continent, most were found to volumes/89/10/11-086678).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Risk Factors for Malignant Mesothelioma
    cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 Malignant Mesothelioma Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Risk Factors A risk factor is anything that affects your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Learn more about the risk factors for malignant mesothelioma. ● Risk Factors for Malignant Mesothelioma ● What Causes Malignant Mesothelioma? Prevention There's no way to completely prevent mesothelioma. But there are things you can do that might lower your risk. Learn more. ● Can Malignant Mesothelioma Be Prevented? Risk Factors for Malignant Mesothelioma A risk factor is anything that increases your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Different cancers have different risk factors. Some risk factors, like smoking, can be changed. Others, like a person’s age or family history, can’t be changed. But having a 1 ____________________________________________________________________________________American Cancer Society cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 known risk factor, or even many, does not mean that you will get the disease. And some people who get the disease may have few or no known risk factors. Researchers have found some factors that increase a person’s risk of mesothelioma. Asbestos The main risk factor for pleural mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos. In fact, most cases of pleural mesothelioma have been linked to high levels of asbestos exposure, usually in the workplace. Asbestos is a group of minerals that occur naturally as bundles of tiny fibers. These fibers are found in soil and rocks in many parts of the world. When asbestos fibers in the air are inhaled, they can get into the lungs. Fibers that stay in the lungs can travel to the ends of the small airways and enter the pleural lining of the lung and chest wall.
    [Show full text]
  • Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura: Histology, CT Scan Images and Review of Literature Over the Last Twenty Years
    DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000150 Flavio Colaut. ISSN: 2574-1241 Biomed J Sci & Tech Res Case Report Open Access Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura: Histology, CT Scan Images and Review of Literature over the Last Twenty Years Giulia Bora1, Flavio Colaut2*, Gianni Segato3, Luisa Delsedime4 and Alberto Oliaro1 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Turin, Italy 2Department of General Surgery and Thoracic, City Hospital , Montebelluna, (Treviso), Italy 3Department of General Surgery, S. Bortolo City Hospital, Vicenza, Italy 4Department of Pathology, University of Turin, Italy Received: June 14, 2017; Published: June 26, 2017 *Corresponding author: Flavio Colaut, Department of General Surgery, City Hospital Montebelluna, Thoracic City Hospital, via Montegrappa 1, 31044 Montebelluna (Treviso), Italy, Tel: ; Fax: 0499367643; Email: Introduction Literature up to 800 cases [1-3] have been reported, and these in case of recurrence [10,16,17]. In less than 5% of patients with Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura is a rare neoplasm. In numbers show its rarity, despite of mesotheliomas, the most pleural SFPTs an increase of insulin-like factor II type occur and this causes refractory to therapy hypoglycaemia (Doege-Potter syndrome) similar in both sexes and there no differences in both benign and [10,18,19]. The incidence of Doege-Potter syndrome in SFPT is tumors represented. Males and females are equal distributed asbestos, tobacco or others environmental agents, were found for and the same is true for age. No correlation with exposure to malignantSome patients forms. may also present gynecomastia or galactorrhoea its development. Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura occurs as localized neoplasms of the pleura and was initially classified as microscope and immunohistochemistry, has been possible [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiology and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
    cancers Review Epidemiology and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Fraser Brims 1,2,3 1 Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; [email protected] 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia 3 National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, WA 6009, Australia Simple Summary: Mesothelioma is a cancer of the lining of the lungs caused by breathing in asbestos fibres. Asbestos was widely used in industry in the last century in most developed countries and is still present in many older buildings to this day. There is no known safe level of asbestos exposure. Symptoms of mesothelioma can include worsening breathlessness, chest pain and loss of weight. There is no cure, and the treatment of mesothelioma is limited, although there have been some recent improvements in therapy. Survival is very variable although most people live for around one year after diagnosis. Efforts to improve and maintain the quality of life for patients with mesothelioma remain a priority. Abstract: Mesothelioma is a cancer predominantly of the pleural cavity. There is a clear association of exposure to asbestos with a dose dependent risk of mesothelioma. The incidence of mesothelioma in different countries reflect the historical patterns of commercial asbestos utilisation in the last century and predominant occupational exposures mean that mesothelioma is mostly seen in males. Modern imaging techniques and advances in immunohistochemical staining have contributed to an improved diagnosis of mesothelioma. There have also been recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibition, however, mesothelioma remains very challenging to manage, especially Citation: Brims, F.
    [Show full text]
  • Chrysotile Asbestos As a Cause of Mesothelioma: Application of the Hill Causation Model
    Commentary Chrysotile Asbestos as a Cause of Mesothelioma: Application of the Hill Causation Model RICHARD A. LEMEN, PHD Chrysotile comprises over 95% of the asbestos used this method, researchers are asked to evaluate nine today. Some have contended that the majority of areas of consideration: strength of association, tempo- asbestos-related diseases have resulted from exposures rality, biologic gradient, consistency, specificity, bio- to the amphiboles. In fact, chrysotile is being touted as logic plausibility, coherence, experimental evidence, the form of asbestos which can be used safely. Causa- and analogy. None of these considerations, in and of tion is a controversial issue for the epidemiologist. How itself, is determinative for establishing a causal rela- much proof is needed before causation can be estab- tionship. As Hill himself noted, “[n]one of my nine lished? This paper examines one proposed model for establishing causation as presented by Sir Austin Brad- view points can bring indisputable evidence for or ford Hill in 1965. Many policymakers have relied upon against the cause and effect hypothesis, and none can this model in forming public health policy as well as be required as a sine qua non.” In the same vein, it is deciding litigation issues. Chrysotile asbestos meets not necessary for all nine considerations to be met Hill’s nine proposed criteria, establishing chrysotile before causation is established. Instead, Hill empha- asbestos as a cause of mesothelioma. Key words: sized that the responsibility for making causal judg- asbestos; chrysotile; amphiboles; causation; mesothe- ments rested with a scientific evaluation of the totality lioma; Hill model. of the data.
    [Show full text]
  • Pleural Localized Malignant Mesothelioma Mimicking a Benign Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura on Chest Computed Tomography
    Case Report pISSN 1738-2637 / eISSN 2288-2928 J Korean Soc Radiol 2017;76(6):429-433 https://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2017.76.6.429 Pleural Localized Malignant Mesothelioma Mimicking a Benign Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura on Chest Computed Tomography: A Case Report 흉부 전산화단층촬영에서 양성 고립섬유 종양과 유사한 소견을 보이는 흉막의 국소성 악성 중피종: 증례 보고 Hwi Ryong Park, MD1, Semin Chong, MD1*, Mi Kyung Kim, MD2 Departments of 1Radiology, 2Pathology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Pleural malignant mesotheliomas arise from mesothelial cells in the pleura. They are characterized as diffuse or localized malignant mesotheliomas (LMM). Diffuse ma- Received June 21, 2016 lignant mesotheliomas spread diffusely along pleural surfaces, while LMM are well- Revised September 20, 2016 Accepted October 18, 2016 circumscribed nodular lesions with no gross or microscopic diffuse pleural spread- *Corresponding author: Semin Chong, MD ing. Therefore, LMM can be radiologically confused with solitary fibrous tumors of Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, the pleura (SFTP), which commonly presents as a solitary, well-demarcated periph- Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, eral mass abutting the pleural surface upon the completion of a computed tomog- 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06973, Korea. raphy (CT). Therefore, this study reports on a 63-year-old female patient with a Tel. 82-2-6299-2646 Fax. 82-2-6299-2017 pathologically-proven LMM of the pleura, mimicking a benign SFTP upon having a E-mail: [email protected] chest CT. Although LMM is extremely rare, FDG PET/CT should be recommended for This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms adequate tumor management in order to avoid misdiagnosing the tumor as a be- of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) nign SFTP when an interfissural or pleural-based mass is seen on the chest CT.
    [Show full text]
  • Elim Ination of Asbestos- Related Diseases
    DRAFT Elim ination of asbestos- related diseases POLICY PAPER The term "asbestos" designates a group of naturally occurring fibrous serpentine or amphibole minerals that have extraordinary tensile strength, conduct heat poorly and are relatively resistant to chemical attack. The principal varieties of asbestos are chrysotile, a serpentine material, and crocidolite, amosite, anthophylite, tremolite and actinolite, all of which are amphiboles (1). It causes asbestosis - a non-malignant fibrosis of the lungs - as well as lung cancer, mesothelioma and other cancers. (2) Exposures to asbestos and its im pact on public health are substantial Exposure to asbestos occurs primarily through inhalation of fibres from the air in the working environment, ambient air in contaminated communities and indoor air in housing and buildings containing asbestos. The highest levels of exposure occur during spraying of asbestos, repackaging of asbestos containers, mixing with other raw material and dry cutting of asbestos-containing products with abrasive tools. Currently about 124 million people in the world are exposed to asbestos1. Each year about 89,000 people die from asbestos-related diseases: lung cancer - 39,0002, mesothelioma - 43,000 (4) and asbestosis - 7,000 (5). These diseases have high fatality rates and do not respond well to medical treatment. Because of the long latency periods attached to these diseases, stopping the use of asbestos will only result in a decrease in the number of asbestos-related deaths after a number of decades. Therefore, even in countries that banned the use of asbestos in the 1990s, the toll of asbestos-related diseases will continue to increase for the interim.
    [Show full text]
  • Mesothelioma Associated with Commercial Use of Vermiculite Containing Libby Amphibole
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE Mesothelioma Associated With Commercial Use of Vermiculite Containing Libby Amphibole Kari K. Dunning, PhD, Stephen Adjei, MD, MPH, Linda Levin, PhD, Amy M. Rohs, MD, MS, Tim Hilbert, MS, Eric Borton, MS, Vikas Kapil, DO, MPH, Carol Rice, PhD, Grace K. LeMasters, PhD, and James E. Lockey, MD, MS miculite, a 1980 study demonstrated a 2.0% prevalence of localized Objectives: To describe asbestos-related mortality among manufacturing pleural thickening on chest radiographs.6 Localized pleural thicken- workers who expanded and processed Libby vermiculite that contained am- ing has historically been associated with commercial asbestos ex- phibole fiber. Methods: Standardized mortality ratio was calculated for 465 posure. A 2004 follow-up of this cohort demonstrated a marked in- white male workers 31 years after last Libby vermiculite exposure. Results: crease in the rate of pleural changes (28.6% of participants) 25 years Two workers died from mesothelioma, resulting in a significantly increased after the last Libby amphibole exposure.7 These changes, which standardized mortality ratio of 10.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 38.0). were demonstrated in some workers at low lifetime cumulative fiber These workers were in the upper 10th percentile of cumulative fiber exposure, exposure (CFE) levels, occurred in an exposure–response manner.7 that is, 43.80 and 47.23 fiber-years/cm3, respectively. One additional worker Mortality studies of Libby miners and millers with historically with cumulative fiber exposure of 5.73 fiber-years/cm3 developed mesothe- high exposure to Libby amphibole have demonstrated significantly lioma but is not deceased. There were no other significantly increased stan- increased mortality due to lung cancer, mesothelioma, and nonma- dardized mortality ratios.
    [Show full text]
  • Lead Exposure in African Children Contemporary Sources and Concerns
    LEAD EXPOSURE IN AFRICAN CHILDREN CONTEMPORARY SOURCES AND CONCERNS Page A AFRO LIBRARY CATALOGUING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA FOREWORD Lead exposure in African children: contemporary sources and concerns.Lead exposure In 2010, African Ministers of Health and Environment, in the Luanda Commitment (which followed the Libreville Declaration of 2008), highlighted their “concerns over the adverse effects on human health and the environment 1 Lead poisoning from the use, disposal of and exposure to hazardous chemicals and wastes which pose a major challenge for 2 Children many African governments”. Lead is one such hazardous substance, to which far too many Africans are exposed, 3 Environmental health from far too many sources, on a daily basis. This report shows that exposure to lead results in a range of health, World Health Organization. Regional Office for Africa social and education effects that have a direct and huge effect on African economic productivity and prospects. ISBN: 978-0-86970-787-6 A source of both concern and optimism is the knowledge that lead poisoning is preventable. With the available strategies and programmes, and with sufficient political will, we have the power and the means to eliminate lead ©WHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR AFRICA, 2015 exposure in Africa, thereby giving African children a greater chance of reaching their full potential in life, and Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accordance with the provisions of Pro- lowering health and educational costs. Action to prevent lead poisoning will also help boost African economies tocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. Copies of this publication may be obtained from by billions of dollars.
    [Show full text]
  • First, Do No Harm: Children's Environmental Health in Schools
    First, Do No Harm Children’s Environmental Health in Schools By Kevin M. Chatham-Stephens, two decades longer than At school and at home, in playgrounds Mana Mann, Andrea Wershof Schwartz, their ancestors did 100 and public parks, children (and adults) are constantly exposed to environ- and Philip J. Landrigan years ago. mental toxins, including vehicle But our children are emissions, peeling lead paint, and n the past century, the threats to our children’s health have growing up in a world in pesticides, as the photos above show. shifted radically. Life-threatening infectious diseases— which environmental smallpox, polio, and cholera—have been largely conquered. toxins are ubiquitous. Measurable levels of hundreds of man- Babies born in the United States today are expected to live made chemicals are routinely found in the bodies of all Ameri- I cans, including newborns. Infants are exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, and mercury in the womb and through breast Kevin M. Chatham-Stephens and Mana Mann are fellows in Environ- milk. Baby bottles and toys have been found to contain phthalates, mental Pediatrics with the Children’s Environmental Health Center at bisphenol A, and lead, all toxins that have been linked to repro- the Mount Sinai Medical Center. Andrea Wershof Schwartz is a resident in Internal Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital; previously, she ductive and developmental disorders. was a postdoctoral research fellow in Preventive Medicine at the Mount As harmful elements detected in everyday household items Sinai School of Medicine. Philip J. Landrigan is the dean for Global increase, rates of chronic disease have also risen sharply—and Health, chairman of the Department of Preventive Medicine, director of these conditions are now the leading causes of childhood illness the Children’s Environmental Health Center, and professor of Pediatrics and death.
    [Show full text]
  • Asbestos & Lead Synopsis
    Asbestos & Lead Synopsis Lead-based paint and Asbestos Describes in detail Georgia's Lead Renovation, Repair, and Painting Program (RRP) as well as an Awareness - GA Env. Protection Asbestos program. Lead is found at home, schools, in products, water, outdoor air, soil, and dust. Title Division In the home it is found in paint on walls, doors, and windows, in pipes, vinyl blinds, toys, and the Author(s) EPA soil around the home. The most at risk for health effects caused by lead is pregnant women and AA Location 2-8 children. In children it causes behavior & learning problems, anemia, lower IQ, hearing problems, slowed growth, and in rare cases, seizures, coma, or death. It can also cause premature birth, cardiovascular problems, decreased kidney functions, and reproductive problems in adults. Lead poisoning in children costs $43 billion per year for direct and indirect costs. Web address Title Childhood Lead Poisoning The World Health Organization provides an outline of the consequences and sources of childhood Author(s) WHO lead poisoning throughout the world. Lead poisoning accounts for 0.06% of total burden of AA Location 2-9 disease worldwide and is completely preventable. Lead exposure can be from paints, petrol, mining, paints and pigments, food cans, ceramic glazes, drinking water with lead pipes, electronic waste, and products like cosmetics and toys. Exposure can cause colic, anemia, depression of the central nervous system that causes coma, seizures, or death. It also has a severe detrimental effect on the developing brain and nervous system and can lead to loss of intelligence and shortening attention span.
    [Show full text]
  • Occupational Health in Louisiana: Review of Indicator Data
    Occupational Health in Louisiana: Review of Indicator Data Louisiana Department of Health (LDH)/Office of Public Health (OPH) Section of Environmental Epidemiology & Toxicology (SEET) Occupational Health & Injury Surveillance Program in Louisiana (LOHIS) JULY 2016 For more detailed analyses of these indicators and other occupational health issues, visit OPH/SEET’s website: http://ldh.la.gov/index.cfm/page/558. If you have an occupational issue to report or want more information about the program, send an email to [email protected]. List of Acronyms AAOHN American Association of Occupational Health Nurses ACOEM American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine ASSE American Society of Safety Engineers BLL Blood lead levels BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics (Division of United States Department of Labor) BRFSS/ACBS Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey/Asthma Callback Survey (CDC) CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CFOI Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (Bureau of Labor Statistics) CPS Current Population Survey (Bureau of Labor Statistics) CSTE Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists EPA Environmental Protection Agency (United States) LAHIDD Louisiana Hospital Inpatient Discharge Database LDHH Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals LOHIS Louisiana Occupational Health and Injury Surveillance NAACCR North American Association of Central Cancer Registries NASI National Academy of Social Insurance NCHS National Center for Health Statistics (CDC) NHDS National Hospital Discharge Survey (CDC) NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (CDC) OPH Office of Public Health OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PCC Poison Control Center (American Association) SEET Section of Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology SOII Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (Bureau of Labor Statistics) Table of Contents Technical Notes & Data Source Descriptions For Louisiana’s Occ.
    [Show full text]
  • Giant Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura
    Cir Ciruj 2010;78:31-42 Giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura Javier Alfonso Pinedo-Onofre,* Eurídice Robles-Pérez,* Erika Sagrario Peña-Mirabal,** José Amado Hernández-Carrillo,* and José Luis Téllez-Becerra* Abstract Background: Solitary fibrous tumor is the second primary malignancy of the pleura and can reach up to 39 cm in dia- meter; however, to be referred to as “giant” it must occupy at least 40% of the affected hemithorax. Although this tumor usually shows a benign behavior, malignancy criteria have been described. The aim of the study was to assess the initial evaluation, diagnostic procedures, surgical management, treatment outcome, and prognosis. Methods: We performed a descriptive, observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study from 2002 to 2006 on pa- tients who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura. Results: Six patients were included; 83.3% were females. Mean age was 48 years. All patients were symptomatic, mainly dyspnea, cough and chest pain; 66.7% were left-sided. Preoperative angiography and embolization were per- formed in 83.3% cases with successful surgical resection. The predominant blood supply was derived from the internal mammalian artery. Intraoperative complication rate was 17%. A vascular pedicle was found in 66.7%. The largest lesion was 40 cm in diameter and weighed 4500 g. Only one case showed high mitotic activity. Mean follow-up to date is 14 months. Conclusions: Symptomatology found was consistent with previous reports but in higher percentages. Accurate diagno- sis is critical because surgical resection involves a potential cure; however, long-term follow-up is mandatory.
    [Show full text]