Paavo Pylkkänen
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
Studies in the Social Sciences Definition/Overview
1 www.onlineeducation.bharatsevaksamaj.net www.bssskillmission.in “Culture and Psychology”. In Section 1 of this course you will cover these topics: Understanding Cross-Cultural Psychology Methodology Of Cross-Cultural Research Critical Thinking In Cross-Cultural Psychology Topic : Understanding Cross-Cultural Psychology Topic Objective: At the end of this topic student would be able to: Explain Cross-Cultural Psychology Explain Ethnocentrism Explain Psychological underpinnings of ethnocentrism Explain Sociobiology Explain Definition Explain Introductory example Explain History of Sociobiology Explain Sociobiological theory Explain Richard Dawkins, a well known sociobiologist Explain Cross-CulturalWWW.BSSVE.IN Studies in the Social Sciences Definition/Overview: Cross-cultural psychology is the critical and comparative study of cultural effects on human psychology. As a comparative field, cross-cultural psychology draws its conclusions from at least two samples that represent at least two cultural groups. The act of comparison requires a particular set of critical thinking skills. Cross-cultural psychology examines psychological diversity and the underlying reasons for such diversity. Using a comparative approach, cross-cultural psychology examines the links between cultural norms and behavior and the ways in which particular human activities are influenced by various cultural forces. Cross-cultural psychology establishes psychological universals, that is, phenomena common for people in several, many, or perhaps all cultures. www.bsscommunitycollege.in www.bssnewgeneration.in www.bsslifeskillscollege.in 2 www.onlineeducation.bharatsevaksamaj.net www.bssskillmission.in Cultural psychology seeks to discover meaningful links between culture and psychology of individuals living in this culture. At least four types of knowledge about psychology can be recognized: scientific, popular (folk), ideological (value-based), and legal. -
Between Psychology and Philosophy East-West Themes and Beyond
PALGRAVE STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE EAST-WEST PHILOSOPHY Between Psychology and Philosophy East-West Themes and Beyond Michael Slote Palgrave Studies in Comparative East-West Philosophy Series Editors Chienkuo Mi Philosophy Soochow University Taipei City, Taiwan Michael Slote Philosophy Department University of Miami Coral Gables, FL, USA The purpose of Palgrave Studies in Comparative East-West Philosophy is to generate mutual understanding between Western and Chinese philoso- phers in a world of increased communication. It has now been clear for some time that the philosophers of East and West need to learn from each other and this series seeks to expand on that collaboration, publishing books by philosophers from different parts of the globe, independently and in partnership, on themes of mutual interest and currency. The series also publishs monographs of the Soochow University Lectures and the Nankai Lectures. Both lectures series host world-renowned philosophers offering new and innovative research and thought. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/16356 Michael Slote Between Psychology and Philosophy East-West Themes and Beyond Michael Slote Philosophy Department University of Miami Coral Gables, FL, USA ISSN 2662-2378 ISSN 2662-2386 (electronic) Palgrave Studies in Comparative East-West Philosophy ISBN 978-3-030-22502-5 ISBN 978-3-030-22503-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22503-2 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence and indicate if changes were made. -
Consciousness and Cosmos
Alfredo Pereira Jr.,1 Chris Nunn,2 Massimo Pregnolato3 and Greg Nixon4 Consciousness and Cosmos Building an Ontological Framework Abstract: Contemporary theories of consciousness are based on widely different concepts of its nature, most or all of which probably embody aspects of the truth about it. Starting with a concept of con- sciousness indicated by the phrase ‘the feeling of what happens’ (the title of a book by Antonio Damasio), we attempt to build a framework capable of supporting and resolving divergent views. We picture con- sciousness in terms of reality experiencing itself from the perspective of cognitive agents. Each conscious experience is regarded as com- posed of momentary feeling events that are combined by recognition and evaluation into extended conscious episodes that bind cognitive Copyright (c) Imprint Academic 2018 contents with a wide range of apparent durations (0.1 secs to 2 or more secs, for us humans, depending on circumstances and context). For personal use only -- not for reproduction Three necessary conditions for the existence of consciousness are identified: a) a ground of reality, envisaged as a universal field of potentiality encompassing all possible manifestations, whether material or ‘mental’; b) a transitional zone, leading to; c) a manifest Correspondence: Email: [email protected] 1 Department of Education, Institute of Biosciences, State University of São Paulo, Brazil. 2 Royal College of Psychiatrists, England. 3 Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy. 4 University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, Canada. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 25, No. 3–4, 2018, pp. 181–205 182 A. PEREIRA, C. NUNN, M. -
Reflexive Monism
Reflexive Monism Max Velmans, Goldsmiths, University of London; email [email protected]; http://www.goldsmiths.ac.uk/psychology/staff/velmans.php Journal of Consciousness Studies (2008), 15(2), 5-50. Abstract. Reflexive monism is, in essence, an ancient view of how consciousness relates to the material world that has, in recent decades, been resurrected in modern form. In this paper I discuss how some of its basic features differ from both dualism and variants of physicalist and functionalist reductionism, focusing on those aspects of the theory that challenge deeply rooted presuppositions in current Western thought. I pay particular attention to the ontological status and seeming “out- thereness” of the phenomenal world and to how the “phenomenal world” relates to the “physical world”, the “world itself”, and processing in the brain. In order to place the theory within the context of current thought and debate, I address questions that have been raised about reflexive monism in recent commentaries and also evaluate competing accounts of the same issues offered by “transparency theory” and by “biological naturalism”. I argue that, of the competing views on offer, reflexive monism most closely follows the contours of ordinary experience, the findings of science, and common sense. Key words: Consciousness, reflexive, monism, dualism, reductionism, physicalism, functionalism, transparency, biological naturalism, phenomenal world, physical world, world itself, universe itself, brain, perceptual projection, phenomenal space, measured space, physical space, space perception, information, virtual reality, hologram, phenomenological internalism, phenomenological externalism, first person, third person, complementary What is Reflexive Monism? Monism is the view that the universe, at the deepest level of analysis, is one thing, or composed of one fundamental kind of stuff. -
Velmans, Max and Nagasawa, Yujin. 2012. Introduction to Monist Alternatives to Physicalism
Velmans, Max and Nagasawa, Yujin. 2012. Introduction to Monist Alternatives to Physicalism. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 19(9-10), pp. 7-18. ISSN 1355-8250 [Article] https://research.gold.ac.uk/id/eprint/26069/ The version presented here may differ from the published, performed or presented work. Please go to the persistent GRO record above for more information. If you believe that any material held in the repository infringes copyright law, please contact the Repository Team at Goldsmiths, University of London via the following email address: [email protected]. The item will be removed from the repository while any claim is being investigated. For more information, please contact the GRO team: [email protected] 1 Introduction to Monist Alternatives to Physicalism Max Velmans and Yujin Nagasawa In M. Velmans & Y. Nagasawa (eds.) (2012) Journal of Consciousness Studies: Special Issue on Monist Alternatives to Physicalism, Vol. 19, No. 9-10, 7-18. In the history of Western thought, attempts to understand the relationship of mind and consciousness to body and brain have largely been shaped by competing monist versus dualist convictions about whether these are different types of entity or process. Bodies and brains seem to be very different from minds and consciousness. Arms and legs for example seem to be made of completely different “stuff” to thoughts and feelings. Nor can one find qualia by examining bits of the brain. Consequently, dualists argue that body/brain and mind/consciousness are different types of thing. There is also extensive evidence that the body and brain affect mind and consciousness via the senses (for example that the visual system affects visual experience) and that mind and consciousness affect the body and brain (for example in the way that visual experiences, thoughts, and conscious choices influence subsequent actions). -
The Failure of Brown's New Supervenience Argument
DISCUSSION NOTE THE FAILURE OF BROWN’S NEW SUPERVENIENCE ARGUMENT BY ERIK J. WIELENBERG JOURNAL OF ETHICS & SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY DISCUSSION NOTE | OCTOBER 2011 URL: WWW.JESP.ORG COPYRIGHT © ERIK J. WIELENBERG 2011 JOURNAL OF ETHICS & SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY | DISCUSSION NOTE THE FAILURE OF BROWN’S NEW SUPERVENIENCE ARGUMENT Erik J. Wielenberg The Failure of Brown’s New Supervenience Argument Erik J. Wielenberg N 1998, FRANK JACKSON ADVANCED an influential argument against the existence of irreducible ethical properties.1 Campbell Brown has recently offered what he describes as a new and improved version of I 2 this argument. Meanwhile, a meta-ethical view sometimes called “robust normative realism” has attracted a number of contemporary defenders. Da- vid Enoch characterizes this view as follows: “[T]here are response- independent, non-natural, irreducibly normative truths...objective ones, that when successful in our normative inquiries we discover rather than create or construct.”3 Robust normative realists maintain that at least some normative properties are not fully reducible to properties of some other kind. Thus, if Brown’s argument is sound, then robust normative realism is false. I argue here that Brown’s argument fails. 2. Brown’s Argument After describing four worries about Jackson’s original argument, Brown pre- sents his version:4 (1) Ethical properties supervene on descriptive properties. (2) If ethical properties supervene on descriptive properties, then all non- descriptive ethical properties are redundant, in the sense that they do no work in dis- tinguishing possibilities. (3) No properties are redundant. (4) All ethical properties are descriptive properties.5 1 Frank Jackson, From Metaphysics to Ethics: A Defence of Conceptual Analysis (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. -
Medical Psychology
I.S. Vitenko, R.I. Isakov, V.O. Rud MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY Edited by Professor A.M. Skrypnikov MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE UKRAINIAN MEDICAL STOMATOLOGY ACADEMY DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY, NARCOLOGY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY I.S. Vitenko, R.I. Isakov, V.O. Rud MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY Recommend by Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine as Textbook for Students of Medical Universities IV accreditation’s level with English education’s form POLTAVA-2010 1 BBK UDK 616.89-159.9 Reviewers: professor N.O. Maruta, professor V.M. Kozidubova, assistant of professor K.V. Sedykh Edited by professor A.M. Skrypnikov I.S. Vitenko Medical Psychology: Textbook / I.S. Vitenko, R.I. Isakov, V.O. Rud. – Poltava: Dyvosvit, 2010. – 146p. ISBN The textbook consists of two parts which illustrates main positions of general and special medical psychology. Main criteria of normal, borderline and morbid psychic, peculiarities of physician’s psychology and interrelation between physician and patient were showed. Basis of psychosomatic mechanisms of diseases development and somatopsychic relations, problems of medical deontology, basis of psychohygiene, psychoprophylaxis and psychotherapy were showed. Special attention was devoted to the problems of human’s suicidality. For Students of Foreign Faculties with English education’s form of Medical Universities. 2 PREFACE Experience of teaching medical psychology in medical university reveals a great importance and actuality of basis of general psychology as part of common education of future medical specialists for all specialties. Without knowledge of basis of this science is impossible to teach future physician for understanding psychology of patients with different diseases. The role of patient’s psychic in the successful performing of diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation is very important. -
Naturalism and Subjectivity Berk, K
VU Research Portal Naturalism and Subjectivity Berk, K. 2010 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) Berk, K. (2010). Naturalism and Subjectivity: A Philosophical Analysis. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. E-mail address: [email protected] Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 © K. Berk Typeset by Zink Typografie (www.zinktypografie.nl). e text is set in Garamond Pro /, a typeface designed by Robert Slimbach as a revival of the sixteenth-century typefaces created by Claude Garamond (romans) and Robert Granjon (italics). Printed in the Netherlands by Ridderprint Offsetdrukkerij , Ridderkerk. Naturalism and Subjectivity A Philosophical Analysis ter verkrijging van de graad Doctor aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, op gezag van de rector magnificus prof.dr. L.M. Bouter, in het openbaar te verdedigen ten overstaan van de promotiecommissie van de faculteit der Wijsbegeerte op dinsdag december om . -
Proquest Dissertations
Consciousness and explanation Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Quinn, Laleh Kathleen Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 05/10/2021 09:01:13 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289172 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, p>rint bleedthrough, substarxJard margins, arxj improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author dkl not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will t>e noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to t>e removed, a note will indicate the deletkxi. Oversize materials (e.g.. maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overfaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6' x 9' black arxl white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. -
Gregory Michael Nixon 2
Projecting the trees but ignoring the forest Comentários / Commentaries PROJECTING THE TREES BUT IGNORING THE FOREST: BRIEF CRITIQUE OF ALFREDO PEREIRA JR.’S TARGET papER1 Gregory Michael Nixon 2 ABSTRACT: Pereira’s “The projective theory of consciousness” is an experimental statement, drawing on many diverse sources, exploring how consciousness might be produced by a projective mechanism that results both in private selves and an experienced world. Unfortunately, pulling together so many unrelated sources and methods means none gets full attention. Furthermore, it seems to me that the uncomfortable breadth of this paper unnecessarily complicates his project; in fact it may hide what it seeks to reveal. If this conglomeration of diverse sources and methods were compared to trees, the reader may feel like the explorer who cannot see the forest for the trees. Then again, it may be the author who is so preoccupied with foreground figures that the everpresent background is ultimately obscured. KEYWORDS: Intersubjectivity. Neutral monism. Projection. Hard problem. Cultural construction. INTRODUCTION Alfredo Pereira Jr. is a prolific author who publishes in both Portuguese and English. He has credentials as both a philosopher and a scientist. The span of his interests is wide indeed, covering areas as diverse as brain studies, cognitive science, systems theory, public health care, philosophy of science, and physiological psychology, but with a more recent emphasis on philosophy of mind, especially consciousness studies. I mention this, for these all seem to be present to one degree or another in his target essay for this journal issue, “The projective theory of consciousness: from neuroscience to philosophical psychology” (and I notice that metaphysics is not mentioned in this title). -
Michael L. Woodruff 1
The fish in the creek is sentient Artigos / Articles THE FISH IN THE CREEK IS SENTIENT, EVEN IF I CAN’T SPEAK WITH IT Michael L. Woodruff 1 ABSTRACT: In this paper I argue that Velmens’ reflexive model of perceptual consciousness is useful for understanding the first-person perspective and sentience in animals. I then offer a defense of the proposal that ray-finned bony fish have a first-person perspective and sentience. This defense has two prongs. The first prong is presence of a substantial body of evidence that the neuroanatomy of the fish brain exhibits basic organizational principles associated with consciousness in mammals. These principles include a relationship between a second-order sensory relay, the preglomerular complex, and the fish pallium which bears a resemblance to the relationship between the mammalian thalamus and the neocortex, the existence of feedback/feedforward and reentrant circuitry in the pallium, and structural and functional differences among divisions of the fish pallium. The second prong is the existence of behaviors in fish that exhibit significant flexibility in the presence of environmental change and require relational learning among stimuli distributed in space, over time, or both. I conclude that, although they are instantiated differently, a first-person perspective and sentience are present in fish. KEY WORDS: Sentience. Fish. Behavior. Pallium. Reflexive monism. INTRODUCTION The fish in the creek said nothing. Fish never do. Few people know what fish think about injustice, or anything else. (Ursula K. Le Guin, Catwings). They are old questions, the questions associated with consciousness. Perhaps the most fundamental of these questions is whether consciousness should even be considered a part of the ontology. -
Kriegel's CV, Organized
Uriah Kriegel Curriculum Vitae Research Areas • Areas of specialty: Philosophy of Mind, Metaphysics, Brentano • Areas of competence: Metaethics, Epistemology, History of Analytic Philosophy, Early Modern Philosophy, Metaphilosophy, Normative Ethics, Philosophy of Cognitive Science • Areas of interest: Philosophy of Language, General Philosophy of Science, Applied Ethics, Aesthetics, Ancient Philosophy, Medieval Philosophy, Continental Philosophy, Asian Philosophy Employment • Professor, Department of Philosophy, Rice University, 2019- • “Directeur de recherche” (full-time research position), CNRS/Jean Nicod Institute, 2012-2019 • Tenured Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, University of Arizona, 2010-2012 • Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, University of Arizona, 2003-2010 (concurrently 2005-2008: SESQUI Fellow, University of Sydney) Education • Ph.D., Brown University (1998-2003); dissertation: “Conscious Content” (advisor: Jaegwon Kim) • M.A., Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1996-1998) • B.A., Tel Aviv University (1993-1996) Publications Authored books • Brentano’s Philosophical System: Mind, Being, Value. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. • The Varieties of Consciousness. New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. • The Sources of Intentionality. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. • Subjective Consciousness: A Self-Representational Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. [French translation of Ch.1 reprinted in A. Dewalque and C. Gauvry (eds.), Conscience et représentation. Paris: Vrin, 2016.] Edited books and journal issues • Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Mind, Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021. • Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Consciousness. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. • Routledge Handbook of Franz Brentano and the Brentano School. London and New York: Routledge, 2017. • “Brentano.” Special Issue of The Monist, January 2017. • Current Controversies in Philosophy of Mind. London and New York: Routledge, 2013.