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Systemic Impact Caused by the Integration of La Guajira Wind Farm

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Systemic Impact Caused by the Integration of La Guajira Wind Farm > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1 Systemic Impact Caused by the Integration of La Guajira Wind Farm F. Gonzalez-Longatt, Senior Member, IEEE named in Spanish: “Plan Piloto Nacional de Generación Abstract— La Guajira peninsula on the western part of Eólica” (National Plan for the use of wind power). This Venezuela has been defined as a potential area for wind power ambitious plan was defined to start on 2008 until 2013 and it developments and one of them is La Guajira wind farm. This included installation of twenty weather stations across several paper establishes the systemic impact of the integration of the locations across Venezuela. Phase 1 of this wind farm on the western area of Venezuelan power system. Three integration scenarios are defined in this Three locations were defined in La Guajira peninsula and paper considering the connection of transmission lines either on meteorological towers equipped with anemometers, wind 138kV or 24 kV. The steady-state performance is evaluated vanes, temperature, pressure, and relative humidity sensors considering the changes on the local voltage profile. The dynamic were selected to be installed at: (i) Caño Paijana (Lat. behavior of the western Zulia power system is evaluated trough 11.132222, Long. -71.805833), (ii) Caño Sagua (11.3765, - response of the main electro-mechanical variables obtained from 71.956), (iii) Quisiro (10.9000, -71.31666). The average- time-domain simulations. Two large contingencies are considered. The main contribution of this paper is demonstrates monthly wind speed for the Caño Sagua, and Caño Paijara are the positive effect of the wind farm integration on 138kV, the low shown on Fig. 1, where a yearly-average is 8.85m/s and voltage fault through capabilities on the wind turbine enables 8.09m/s respectively. good voltage profile during fault condition and fast post 12 Caño Sagua contingency voltage recovery. 10 Caño Paijara 8 Index Terms— Electric power system, power system dynamic, 6 wind power generation, wind power integration. 4 2 0 I. INTRODUCTION Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Agt Sep Oct Nov Dec LONG history related the interest of Bolivarian Republic Fig 1. Monthly Wind Speed at two locations on the La Guajira Peninsula. A of Venezuela on developing Renewable Energy Sources H. Montiel in [5] defined La Guajira peninsula wind (RES) is found in some reports since 60's [1]. However, more potential is of a “world class quality” based on measurements aggressive policies on the use of environmentally friendly plus satellite measurements and references meteorological electricity generation have begun in recent years. Several stations. The author claims the possibility of installing more academic projects have been reported to promote RES than 10,000 MW on five stages considering onshore and installations in several areas of Venezuela [2], [3]-[4], offshore wind farms in the Gulf of Venezuela. especially wind power energy. It includes five proposed wind The objective of this paper is to establish the systemic farms: the archipelagoes and islands of Los Roques, Los impact of the integration of the Phase 1 of this wind farm on Monjes, La Ochila, La Blanquilla and La Tortuga Island [2]. the western area of Venezuelan power system. All the data In addition to these projects two wind farms, of utility scale, used for simulations purposes is publically available. are presently under development in mainland Venezuela: La The structure of this paper is a follow. Section II describes Guajira, and La Peninsula de Paraguaná [1], [2], [3]. briefly the western Zulia power system, La Guajira wind farm, There is not a Venezuelan wind atlas currently available for defines the wind turbines model used in this paper and define Venezuela, however, some reports [4], [3] has identified some the integration cases whilst Section III presents the simulation preliminary areas suitable for wind energy projects and results and discussion about the finding with special emphasis includes La Guajira peninsula [2], [5]. The Venezuelan on their significance on the systemic impact. The main government has defined a preliminary plan to use the wind contribution of this paper is demonstrates the positive effect of energy resource available in Venezuela in recent time; it is the wind farm integration on 138kV, the low voltage fault through capabilities on the wind turbine enables good voltage Manuscript received December 7, 2012. profile during fault condition and fast post contingency F. Gonzalez-Longatt is with the Faculty of Engineering and Computing, voltage recovery. The conclusions of this paper are presented Coventry University, EC-332, Priory Street, Coventry CV63FG, United on Section IV. Kingdom (e-mail: [email protected]). He is Vice-President of Venezuelan Wind Energy Association. 978-1-4799-1303-9/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 2 II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND MODELING Venezuela’s power covers the western part of Venezuela and is known ad Western Zulia. The peak of power demand in this A. Wind Power Projects at La Guajira Peninsula power system is 1,713 MW and 13 generation units produces H. Montiel in his paper titled “Pilot Project for La Guajira around 1,105MW, the remaining demand is supplied by Wind Plant” [5] proposes the development of the wind power interconnection to the Venezuela’s power system. The western at La Guajira Peninsula. Five stages are defined: four are Zulia power system includes: 116 transmission lines in 230, located on land and a fifth stage that involves offshore wind 138 and 24 kV and 137 buses. A simplified representation of power (see Fig. 3). The final stage suggests the possibility of the most important components involved on the integration of installing more than 10,000 MW in the Gulf of Venezuela. La Guajira wind farm is depicted on Fig 4. Fig 3. Representative single-line diagram of the Western Zulia Power System. Fig 2. General description of the five stages proposed for the developing of wind power at La Guajira Peninsula. C. Wind Turbine Modeling The final target of the Venezuelan Government is to Fig. 5 depicts the general structure of the full model for a develop 10,000 MW in the area of the Upper Guajira from VSWT with a direct-drive PMSG connected to the grid using Caño Sagua and Caño Paijana [6]. La Guajira wind farm is a full converter. The main subsystems shown on Fig. 5 are one of the potential projects in this area. This project is to be modeled in this paper. Models and parameters are carefully developed in 6 stages made up of 36 wind turbines. A surface selected from previous publications [7], [8], [9], [10]. area of 285km2 will be used to install 216 wind turbines generating 454MW. P Pac ,Qac m Pac ,Qac The Phase 1 of the La Guajira wind farm consists of 75.6 vw Pw r I MW and it will be developed in two phases: (i) Phase 1-A that s Vf, P s involves the installation of 12 wind turbines of 2.1 MW each set Qset one (25.2MW) and (ii) Phase 1-B will generate 50.4 MW. turb P This stage is designed to supply power to the municipalities of set Mara, Guajira and Almirante Padilla. The Argentinean Company IMPSA Wind provides the wind Fig 4. General structure for the model of a VSWT with a direct-drive PMSG turbines for the Stage 1 of La Guajira wind farm in Venezuela. [11], [9]. Four IWP-83-2100 wind turbines have been already erected D. Integration Scenarios on the wind farm using tower of 72-meters. The Phase 1-B Three cases are defined in this paper for connection of La will see Guajira expanded in six mini-tranches to a total of Guajira wind farm: 75.6MW with 36 turbines installed and operational by 2014. Case I: The Phase 1-A (25.2 MW) assumed to be The IWP-83-2100 is a variable speed wind turbine connected to the Western Zulia power system using two (VSWT) developed by UNIPOWER and uses the direct-drive transmission lines (24kV) from the Cataneja substation. concept. This wind turbine provides a nominal power of 2.1 Case II: The Phase 1 of La Guajira wind farm (75.6MW) MW at nominal wind speed of 13m/s and is designed is connected by two transmission lines at 24kV to the considering a wind class II-IEC- 61400-1. It uses a multi-pole Puerto Rosa substation. permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is Case III: The Phase 1 (75.6 MW) is connected to the connected to the grid using a full power converter (FPC). Puerto Rosa substation using two transmission lines at B. Western Zulia Power System 138 kV. Venezuela's power system is an integrated vertical power Two overhead transmission lines are considered in each company, called Corporación Electrica Nacional (Corpoelec) case in order to provide flexibility on normal operation and which covers most of the country, and it includes electricity increases security. Conductor type AAC Petunia 750 kcmil 37 grid consists of 11,747 kilometers of 765kV, 400kV, and 230- is used on the transmission line design. kV transmission lines. One of the operational areas on the > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 3 III. SIMULATIONS AND RESULTS farm using transmission system at 138kV, Case III, provides The integration of La Guajira wind farm into the Western the best results in term of local steady-state voltages. Zulia power system is expected to produce changes on the B. Dynamic Behavior system’s performance.
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