DOCSLIB.ORG

University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St, John's Road, Tyler's Green High Wycombe

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St, John's Road, Tyler's Green High Wycombe INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. 5. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St, John's Road, Tyler's Green High Wycombe. Bucks, England HP10 8HR 78-5888 McMANAMON, Paul Francis, 1946- AN INVESTIGATION OF FLASHLAMP PUMPED DYE LASERS. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1977 Physics, optics University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 @ 1977 PAUL FRANCIS McMANAMON ALL RIGHTS RESERVED AN INVESTIGATION OF FLASHLAMP PUMPED DYE LASERS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Paul Francis McManamon, B.S., M.S. ***** The Ohio State University 1977 Reading Committee: Approved By Prof. Clifford V. Heer Prof. K. Narahari Rao Prof. Frederick P. Dickey Adviser Department of Physics VITA July 1, 1946 Born - Cleveland, Ohio 1968 . B.S. Physics, John Carroll University, Cleveland, Ohio 1968-1970 . Physicist, Electronic Warfare Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio 1970-1972 . Electronics Engineer, Electronic Warfare Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio 1973 . M.S. Physics, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 1973-1976 . Electronics Engineer, Avionics Engineering Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio 1976-1977 . Electronics Engineer, Laser Development Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio PUBLICATIONS "Wavefront Correction with Photon Echoes," Optics Communications, to be published, by Prof. Clifford V. Heer and Paul F. McManamon. "Analysis of Candidate Electro-Optical Countermeasure Systems." Twenty-First Annual Joint Electronic Warfare Planning Conference, May, 1976. "Homing Accuracy Requirements for Deployment of Expendable Jammers (U)." August, 1970, ASD-TR-70-12. In addition twenty-one technical memorandums on various subjects have been written. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Physics Studies in Laser Physics. Professor Clifford V. Heer ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page VITA ............................................................ ii LIST OF TABLES .......................................'.......... v LIST OF FIGURES................................................. vii Chapter I. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 1 II. THE IDEAL DYE L A S E R ................................ 3 A; Rate Equation Development........................... 3 B. Dye Characteristics........................... 9 C." A Simplified Set of Rate Equations ........ 12 D. A CW Solution of the Rate Equations......... 14 E. A Digital Solution of the Transient Rate Equations ............................. 23 III. THE COMMERCIAL FLASHLAMF PUMPED DYE LASER.......... 26 A. Introduction ................................. 26 B. The Coaxial Flashlamp......................... 26 1. Blackbody Temperature..................... 28 2. Distribution of Absorbed Pump Photon Density ......................... 31 3. Distribution of Local Heating............ 37 4. Shockwave Effects......................... 41 C. Beam Divergence............................... 48 D. Steady State Optical Distortion Due to the Dye M e d i u m .................................. 52 1. Distortion of a Transmitted HeNe Beam. 52 2. Auto-Collimator Results.................. 57 3. Twyman Green Results ..................... 58 4. Light Focusing Experiments .............. 62 E. Discussion of the Laser Pulse Shape........ 65 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Page IV POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS ............................... 81 A. Resonator Considerations ....................... 81 1. Introduction ............................... 81 2. A Discussion of the Influence of Optical Distortion on Resonator Q ................ 83 3. Beam Divergence Measurement Theory .... 89 4. A Discussion of Candidate Resonators . 95 5. Beam Divergence Measurements .............. 102 6 . Cavity Loss Measurements .....................107 B. Use of Triplet Quenchers ...............118 C. Cavity Dumping ..................................... 1^9 1. Switching Mechanisms ...................... 129 2. Experimental Results ...................... 1^8 3. Anticipated Optimal Configuration............151 D. Q Switching a Dye Laser.............. 155 E. Alternate Dye Cell Configurations.................162 F. Double Laser Configurations....................... 168 V CONCLUSIONS................................................ 174 APPENDICES A The DY2 Computer Program ............................. 177 B PUMP Computer Program.....................................182 C BOUNCE Computer Program .............................. 188 D Selection of an Electro-Optical Crystal for S w i t c h i n g ............................................... 195 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................... 214 iv LIST OF TABLES Page 1 Simple Cross Section Values ........................... 12 2 Values of 1/A and A, Found in the Literature . 18 ca be 3 FT/Fn vs and J ......................................... 22 J u 4 Commercial Flashlamp Pumped Dye Laser ................ 27 5 Blackbody Temperature of a Coaxial Lamp .............. 30 6 Average Number of Photons Per Mode 31 7 Pump F l u x .................................................. 31 8 E vs r for C = 10 ^ Molar RD6 G ......................... 40 P 9 Percent Volume Reached by Pressure Wave from Light Absorbed at the Dye Boundary ............................41 10 Transmission Through a Pinhole............................64 11 Parameters of a Flashlamp Pumped Dye Laser.............. 6 6 12 The Exponential Gain Region .............................. 6 8 13 Energy per Pulse vs Concentration .................... 6 8 14 Output Energy with 85% T Mirror ..........................74 15 Percent Loss vs Average Distortion....................... 8 8 16 Characteristics of the Fundamental Mode of Various Resonators................................................. 100 17 "Half Confocal" Resonator Performance ........... 106 18 The Effect of a Variable Aperture . ............. 115 19 Allowed Configurations....................................131 20 FTIR Crystal Separation for a Given Reflection. 134 21 FTIR Switching Performance............................... 135 v LIST OF TABLES (continued) Page 22 Cavity Loss Mechanisms ...................... 151 23 Stored Energy...................................... .. 160 24 Initial Gain Per Pass vs Concentration ........... 161 25 Liquid Considered to Fill Diffuse Reflecting Cell. 166 26 A Partial List of PUMP Variables .................. 182 27 A Listing of the PUMP Program...................... 183 -4 28 PUMP Output for C = 10 M ........................ 184 29 PUMP Output for C = 5 x 10 ^ M .................... 185 30 PUMP Output for C = 2.5 x 10~ 5 M .................. 186 -5 31 PUMP Output for C = 10 M ........................ 187 32 A Listing of the BOUNCE Computer Program ......... 190 33 Sample Output of the BOUNCE Program................ 192 34 Summary of BOUNCE Computer Runs.................... 194 35 Candidate E-0 Modulator Crystals .................. 196 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Energy Level Diagram................................... 4 2 Rodamine 6 G in Ethanol................................ 10 3 Rodamine 6 G in Water'................................... 11 4 Computer Generated Plot .............................. 25 5 Projection onto the Base of the Cylinder.............. 33 6 Full View of the Coaxial Geometry ................... 33 7 ,Densitometer Traces .................................. 35 8 Pump Absorption Profiles.............................. 36 9 Laser Set-up............................................ 43 10 Pulse Shape Results with Off-center Apertures . 45 11 Experimental Set-up ............. ;.................. 46 12 Transmission
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Page 1 of 43 RSC Advances
    RSC Advances This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. This Accepted Manuscript will be replaced by the edited, formatted and paginated article as soon as this is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/advances Page 1 of 43 RSC Advances Sol-gel based simonkolleite nanopetals with SnO2 nanoparticles in graphite-like amorphous carbon as efficient and reusable photocatalyst Moumita Pal, Susanta Bera and Sunirmal Jana* Sol-Gel Division CSIRCentral Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CSIRCGCRI) 196 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, P.O. Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India Abstract We report a new sol-gel nanocomposite (STC) having simonkolleite nanopetals (SC) and quasi-spherical tin oxide (SO) nanoparticles embedded in graphite-like amorphous carbon (C) as an efficient and reusable photocatalyst towards degradation of Rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) dye under UV (, 254 nm) illumination.
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis and Characterization of Ph-Sensitive Rhodamine 6G Spirolactam Structures
    W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2015 Synthesis and Characterization of pH-Sensitive Rhodamine 6G Spirolactam Structures Grace H. Taumoefolau Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons, and the Other Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Taumoefolau, Grace H., "Synthesis and Characterization of pH-Sensitive Rhodamine 6G Spirolactam Structures" (2015). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 220. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/220 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Table of Contents Page Table of Contents ii List of Figures and Tables iii Abstract 5 Acknowledgements 6 Introduction 8 Results and Discussion Chapter I: Optimization of R6G derivatives Reaction Conditions 14 Chapter II: Characterization of di-ortho R6G Derivatives 30 Chapter III: Attempt at achieving RB and R6G FRET 44 Experimental 57 References 66 Appendix 68 List of Figures and Tables Page Figure 1 Jablonski Diagram of Fluorescence 9 Figure 2 Fluorescence Excitation (Absorption) and Emission Spectra 9 Figure 3 Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G 10 Figure 4 Yuan’s RSL compounds ethanol and adamantyl substituted R6G 11 Figure 5 Rhodamine 6G with the functional group at the upper ring system altered from an ethyl acetate to a carboxylic acid (shorthand, R6G-acid) 15 Figure 6 R6G-Acid salt, with the quaternary ammonium cation at the xanthene core 17 Figure 7 Aromatic region in the NMR of R6G-dMA before the alumina column 26 Figure 8 Aromatic region in the NMR of R6G-dMA byproduct 26 Figure 9 An example of an oxidized amine due to alumina 27 Figure 10 NMR spectra of R6G-aniline.
    [Show full text]
  • Polarized Stimulated Emission Depletion Studies of Two-Photon Excited States
    Polarised Stimulated Emission Depletion Studies of Two-Photon Excited States D. A. Armoogum, R. J. Marsh and A. J. Bain+ Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK ABSTRACT Stimulated emission depletion (STED) population and polarisation dynamics following two-photon excitation are investigated for rhodamine 6G in ethylene glycol. Time resolved fluorescence intensity and polarisation measurements were made using picosecond time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC). Cross-sections for the stimulated transition were measured between 614nm (2.32×10-16 cm2) and 663.5nm (6.05×10 –17 cm2), ground state vibrational lifetimes were found to vary between 314fs and 467fs. A collinear (180°) excitation-detection geometry was employed to investigate re-polarisation of the excited state array yielding fluorescence anisotropies above the two-photon limit. The circumvention of single-photon selection rules is demonstrated allowing the measurement of higher order parameters and correlation functions that are wholly inaccessible to ‘conventional’ (spontaneous) time resolved fluorescence techniques. Key words: Stimulated emission depletion, vibrational relaxation, two-photon, polarisation, selection rules. 1. INTRODUCTION Stimulated emission depletion (STED) of excited states has proved to be both a valuable tool in high resolution molecular spectroscopy1, in time resolved spectroscopy as a means of orientational photoselection2 and in the study of ultrafast vibrational relaxation within electronic ground states3. There has been considerable interest in the use of single- photon STED in fluorescence microscopy4 where sub-wavelength image resolution has been recently demonstrated5. Recent work in our laboratory6,7 has demonstrated the feasibility of performing STED in two-photon excited states. In this work femtosecond two-photon 800nm excitation (PUMP) of the widely used fluorescent probe fluorescein was followed by picosecond stimulated emission depletion (DUMP) of the excited state at 580nm.
    [Show full text]
  • Rhodamine 6G*
    2150 Bixby Road Lockbourne, OH 43137 Tel: 614.492.5610 E-mail: [email protected] www.exciton.luxottica.com Rhodamine 6G* Synonym: 2-[6-(ethylamino)-3-(ethylimino)-2,7-dimethyl-3H-xanthen-9-yl]-benzoic acid, ethyl ester, chloride or or perchlorate; Basic Red 1 (Rhodamine 6G = ethyl ester; Rhodamine 590 = methyl ester; to the best of our knowledge, the two esters have equivalent performance) Catalog No.: 05906 (chloride); 05905 (perchlorate) CAS No.: 989-38-8 (05906); 13161-28-9 (05905) MW: 479.02 (05906); 543.01 (05905) Chemical Formula: C28H31ClN2O3 (05906); C28H31N2O3.ClO4 (05905) Appearance: Red solid (05906); red to violet (05905) Molar Absorptivity (in ethanol): 9.70 x 104 L mole-1 cm-1 (chloride form) Structure: + C2H5NH O NHC2H5 X- CO2Et X = Cl- or ClO - 4 Lasing Wavelength Laser Dye Max. Range Pump Source Concentration Abs Fl Catalog No. (nm) (nm) (nm) Solvent (molar) -max -max ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Rhodamine 6G 578 565-612 FL3 Methanol 5 x 10-5 530e 556e (Available as 584 570-618 FL3 Ethanol 5 x 10-5 the Chloride, 585 562-622 FL69 Methanol 4 x 10-5 Cl, 05906; the 586 563-625 FL11 Methanol 5 x 10-5 Perchlorate, 590 FL63 Methanol 8 x 10-5 69 ClO4, 05905) 596 577-614 FL MeOH/H2O,1/3 12 -4 598 577-625 FL MeOH/H2O,1/1 1.3 x 10 188 -4 590-610 FL -cyclodextrin/H2O 2.3 x 10 63 -4 600 FL 4% LO/H2O 1.2 x 10 12 -4 610 585-633 FL 4% LO/H2O 1.3 x 10 606 FL (Triaxial) 227 Acrylic Copolymer 1 x 10-4 580 KrF(248)44 Ethanol 1 x 10-3 590 KrF(248)46
    [Show full text]
  • Time-Resolved Spectra of Coumarin 30-Rhodamine 6G Dye Mixture
    Pram~n.a - J. Phys., Vol. 34, No. 1, January 1990, pp. 77-83. © Printed in India. Time-resolved spectra of coumarin 30-rhodamine 6G dye mixture R D SINGH, D MOHAN, A K SHARMA and N V UNNIKRISHNAN* Department of Physics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India *Department of Material Science, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 562, India MS received 9 March 1989; revised 30 September 1989 Abstract. The effect of acceptor concentration on the energy transfer from Coumarin 30 (donor) to Rhodamine 6G (acceptor) has been studied. The nature of energy transfer reaction has been studied through lifetime measurements by recording the time-resolved fluorescence decay curves. The energy transfer parameters calculated were used to confirm the occurrence of energy transfer on the basis of the emission-reabsorption effect. Keywords. Time-resolved spectra; energy transfer; fluorescence; Coumarin-Rhodamine mixture. PACS No. 42"55 1. Introduction Excitation transfer in laser dye mixtures has earlier been used to achieve better dye laser performance at the desired wavelengths (Morey 1972; Drake et al 1972; Cox and Matise 1980; Berlman et al 1973). The mechanism responsible for the intermolecular singlet-singlet electronic energy transfer in dye mixture can be directly determined by lifetime measurements. The studies so far reported in this field have been based on the indirect method of optical gain studies. We have studied the energy transfer mechanism in coumarin 30-rhodamine 6G (C 30-Rh 6G) dye mixture in ethanol by using a laser fluorimeter developed in the laboratory. The dependence of lifetime on dye concentration of the two dye molecules C 30 and Rh 6G in alcoholic solutions of methanol and ethanol, and ethylene glycol has also been studied.
    [Show full text]
  • Potent Fluorescent Probes of Mitochondria in Living C. Elegans
    ydrophobic analogues of rhodamine B and rhodamine 101: potent fluorescent probes of mitochondria in living . elegans Laurie F. Mottram1, Safiyyah Forbes1, Brian D. Ackley! and Blake R. Peterson*1 Full Research Paper Open Access Address: !eilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 156–165. 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, doi:10.376/bjoc.8.43 Lawrence, KS 66045, United States and !Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, United Received: 9 September 01 States Accepted: 09 November 01 Published: 11 December 01 Email: Blake R. Peterson* - [email protected] This article is part of the Thematic Series "Synthetic probes for the study of biological function". * Corresponding author Guest Editor: J. Aube Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; chemical biology; fission; fluorophores; © 01 Mottram et al; licensee Beilstein-Institut. fluorescence; fusion; imaging; in vivo; microscopy; mitochondria; License and terms: see end of document. model organisms; organelle; rhodamine; spectroscopy Abstract itochondria undergo dynamic fusion and fission events that affect the structure and function of these critical energy-producing cellular organelles. Defects in these dynamic processes have been implicated in a wide range of human diseases including ischemia, neurodegeneration, metabolic disease, and cancer. To provide new tools for imaging of mitochondria in vivo, we synthesized novel hydrophobic analogues of the red fluorescent dyes rhodamine B and rhodamine 101 that replace the carboxylate with a methyl group. Compared to the parent compounds, methyl analogues termed HRB and HR101 exhibit slightly red-shifted absorbance and emission spectra (5–9 nm), modest reductions in molar extinction coefficent and quantum yield, and enhanced partitioning into octanol compared with aqueous buffer of 10-fold or more.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemotherapeutic Applications of Rhodamine Based Nanogumbos
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 3-2-2018 Chemotherapeutic Applications of Rhodamine Based NanoGUMBOS Nimisha Bhattarai Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Analytical Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Bhattarai, Nimisha, "Chemotherapeutic Applications of Rhodamine Based NanoGUMBOS" (2018). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 4499. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4499 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF RHODAMINE BASED NANOGUMBOS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Chemistry by Nimisha Bhattarai B.S. University of Central Missouri, 2013 May 2018 To my mentor, Prof. Warner, thank you so much for your endless support, insightful guidance and inspiration for my future endeavors. ii AKNOWLEDGEMENTS I want to sincerely thank everyone that has supported me throughout my graduate school, especially the following: Prof. Isiah M. Warner, thank you for all of your guidance, encouragement and support throughout this research and all of the inspiration and motivation for my future endeavors Doctoral Committee Members: Prof. Doug Gilman, Prof. Kermit Murray, Prof. Megan Macnaughtan, and Prof. Kevin McCarter for their guidance and suggestions as my committee members.
    [Show full text]
  • Uptake of Fluorescent Dyes Associated with the Functional Expression of The
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 93, pp. 1167-1172, February 1996 Medical Sciences Uptake of fluorescent dyes associated with the functional expression of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in epithelial cells (gene therapy) ROBERT P. WERSTO*t, EUGENE R. ROSENTHAL*, RONALD G. CRYSTAL*t, AND KENNETH R. SPRING§ *Pulmonary Branch and §Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 Communicated by Maurice B. Burg, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, October 12, 1995 (received for review January 3, 1995) ABSTRACT Specific mutations in the cystic fibrosis ing the full length CFTR cDNA or mock virus, respectively transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the most (10), were generously provided by R. Frizzell (University of common autosomal recessive fatal genetic disease of Cauca- Alabama, Birmingham). CFPAC cells were also cultured in sians, result in the loss of epithelial cell adenosine 3',5'-cyclic- IMDM. C127 cells (mouse mammary tumor cells) stably monophosphate (cAMP)-stimulated Cl- conductance. We overexpressing wild-type CFTR and a mock-transfected con- show that the influx of a fluorescent dye, dihydrorhodamine trol (11) were generously provided by S. Cheng (Genzyme) 6G (dR6G), is increased in cells expressing human CFTR after and were maintained in IMDM containing Geneticin sulfate retrovirus- and adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. dR6G (G418, GIBCO/BRL) at 200 gg/ml. influx is stimulated by cAMP and is inhibited by antagonists Recombinant, replication-deficient adenoviral vectors con- of cAMP action. Dye uptake is ATP-dependent and inhibited taining the full-length human CFTR cDNA (12) were used to by Cl- removal or the addition of 10 mM SCN-.
    [Show full text]
  • Rhodamine 6G Solution MSDS Effective Date: June 14, 2013 24 Hour Emergency Contact: Chemtel: (800)255-3924
    Rhodamine 6G Solution MSDS Effective Date: June 14, 2013 24 Hour Emergency Contact: ChemTel: (800)255-3924 www.pioneerforensics.com 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product: Rhodamine 6G Solution Product Number(s): PF045 CAS#: Mixture Synonyms: Mixture Manufacturer: Pioneer Forensics, LLC 804 E. Eisenhauer Blvd. Loveland, CO 80537 Ph: (970) 292-8487 Emergency Number: (800) 255-3924 (CHEM-TEL) Customer Service: (970) 292-8487 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Emergency Overview: DANGER! POISON! FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR. MAY BE FATAL OR CAUSE BLINDNESS IF SWALLOWED. CANNOT BE MADE NONPOISONOUS. HARMFUL IF INHALED OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES, AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. HIGH VAPOR CONCENTRATIONS MAY CAUSE DROWSINESS. MAY CAUSE HARM TO THE UNBORN CHILD. PROLONGED EXPOSURE MAY CAUSE CHRONIC EFFECTS. Safety Ratings: Health: 3, Severe Reactivity: 1, Slight Flammability: 3, Severe Contact: 3, Severe OSHA Regulatory Status: This product is considered a "Hazardous Chemical" as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200. Potential Acute Health Effects: Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact Inhalation: May cause irritation of respiratory tract. Toxic effects exerted upon nervous system, particularly the optic nerve. Once absorbed into the body, it is very slowly eliminated. Symptoms of overexposure may include headache, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, blindness, coma and death. A person may get better but then worse again up to 30 hours later. Ingestion: Poison - may be fatal if swallowed. Even small amounts (30-250 ml methanol) may be fatal. Symptoms are stomach ache, nausea, vomiting, dullness, visual disorder and blindness. Product: Rhodamine 6G Solution Revision Date: 06/14/2013 1/8 Skin Contact: Causes irritation.
    [Show full text]
  • Efficient Molecular Aggregation of Rhodamine 6G And
    applied sciences Article Efficient Molecular Aggregation of Rhodamine 6G and Pseudoisocyanine by Light-Induced Force Masayuki Shirakawa 1, Takayoshi Kobayashi 2,3 and Eiji Tokunaga 1,* 1 Department of Physics, Faculty of science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; [email protected] 2 Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Centerand Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; [email protected] 3 Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 26 April 2020; Accepted: 18 May 2020; Published: 21 May 2020 Featured Application: One can generate by irradiation of light an exotic aggregation state of molecules that cannot exist in thermal equilibrium. Abstract: A highly efficient light-induced aggregation of porphyrin molecules in solution was recently reported for 4-[10,15,20-tris(4-sulfophenyl)-21,24-dihydroporphyrin-5-yl]benzenesulfonic acid (TPPS). Here, we demonstrate that rhodamine 6G (R6G) and pseudoisocyanine (PIC) also show efficient light-induced aggregation in unsaturated aqueous solution, being detected with a multichannel lock-in amplifier as the absorbance decrease/increase in the monomers/aggregates, induced by a laser at 633 nm, which is non-resonant off their main monomer absorption wavelengths. The light-induced aggregation states are H-aggregates that are hardly formed in the thermal equilibrium. The similar absorbance changes are absent in the monomer molecules fixed in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films. The aggregation efficiency defined as (DA/A)/ Utrap/kBT , where A is the absorbance of the monomers, DA is the absorbance increase in the aggregates, Utrap is the optical gradient force potential, and kBT is the thermal energy at room temperature, is approximately 100 for R6G and 500 for PIC, which are much smaller than that of TPPS.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,226,637 B2 Dorozhkina Et Al
    US007226637B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,226,637 B2 Dorozhkina et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jun. 5, 2007 (54) MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR (56) References Cited MULTILAYER FLUORESCENT INFORMATION CARRIERS U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 4,407,855. A * 10/1983 Russell ....................... 427,512 (75) Inventors: Galina Dorozhkina, Dolgoprodni 5,120,811 A 6/1992 Glotfelter et al. ............. 528/25 (RU); Irina Kiryusheva, Tel-Aviv (IL); 5,194.490 A * 3/1993 Suga et al. ....... ... 524/755 s Kiry s y 5,688.447 A 1 1/1997 Hong ........................ 264/1.33 Eugene Levich, New York, NY (US); 5,801,884 A * 9/1998 Sato et al. .................. 359/620 Alexey Lezhnev, Moscow (RU); 6,023,451 A 2/2000 Kashiwagi et al. ...... 369/2755 Dmitry Pebalk, Moscow (RU) 6,039,898 A 3/2000 Glushko .................... 264/1.33 6,071,671 A * 6/2000 Glushko et al. ....... 430,270.15 (73) Assignee: D Data Inc., New York, NY (US) 6,355,754 B1* 3/2002 Olson et al. ................ 526,296 6,368,684 B1 * 4/2002 Onishi et al. .............. 428, 32.6 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2002/0066528 A1* 6/2002 Oxman et al. ........... 156/2755 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS U.S.C. 154(b) by 542 days. EP O 913 444 A2 5, 1999 JP O3-173954 A * 7, 1991 (21) Appl. No.: 09/761,647 WO WO 98.50914 11, 1998 WO WO 99,23652 5, 1999 (22) Filed: Jan. 18, 2001 WO WO 99/47327 9, 1999 * cited by examiner (65) Prior Publication Data Primary Examiner Alain L.
    [Show full text]
  • N-Aryl Pyrido Cyanine Derivatives Are Nuclear and Organelle DNA Markers for Two-Photon and Super-Resolution Imaging
    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23019-w OPEN N-aryl pyrido cyanine derivatives are nuclear and organelle DNA markers for two-photon and super-resolution imaging ✉ Kakishi Uno 1,3,4, Nagisa Sugimoto 2 & Yoshikatsu Sato 1,2,4 Live cell imaging using fluorescent DNA markers are an indispensable molecular tool in various biological and biomedical fields. It is a challenge to develop DNA probes that avoid 1234567890():,; UV light photo-excitation, have high specificity for DNA, are cell-permeable and are com- patible with cutting-edge imaging techniques such as super-resolution microscopy. Herein, we present N-aryl pyrido cyanine (N-aryl-PC) derivatives as a class of long absorption DNA markers with absorption in the wide range of visible light. The high DNA specificity and membrane permeability allow the staining of both organelle DNA as well as nuclear DNA, in various cell types, including plant tissues, without the need for washing post-staining. N-aryl- PC dyes are also highly compatible with a separation of photon by lifetime tuning method in stimulated emission depletion microscopy (SPLIT-STED) for super-resolution imaging as well as two-photon microscopy for deep tissue imaging, making it a powerful tool in the life sciences. 1 Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan. 2 Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan. 3Present address: Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany. 4These authors ✉ contributed equally: Kakishi Uno, Yoshikatsu Sato. email: [email protected] NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | (2021) 12:2650 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23019-w | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 ARTICLE NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23019-w ynthetic fluorescent dyes that stain DNA are widely used in staining of nuclear and organellar DNA in living cells.
    [Show full text]