INSERT Vaccine Ingredients: Adjuvants and Contaminants LOGO HERE Provide Research Based Accurate Information to your Vaccine Hesitant Parents

Residuals from manufacturing Public Health Effects of Vaccine Hesitancy Aluminum Formaldehyde Formaldehyde/formalin Aluminum salts ●WHO lists Vaccine hesitancy as a top 10 global health threat. Small amount of natural formaldehyde in humans Used for over 70 years Carcinogen in large doses ●Top three identified factors: complacency, inconvenience, and lack Common element in food, water, medicine Antibiotics of confidence. Average 4.4 mg in first 6 months’ vaccines prevent contamination during manufacture ●Spread of disinformation on social media Works by trapping antigens at the injection site/prolonging Removed during processing effect in the body Minute quantities Used in many vaccines but not live viral vaccines Many vaccines Hep A, Hep B, DT-combinations, Hib, pneumococcal DNA- Autoimmune concerns-ASIA miniscule –trillionth of a gram Increase local reactions but also immunogenicity fragmented into small pieces . MS59--Squalene Cannot reincorporate into larger cellular DNA AKA squalene Concerns for oncogenicity/tumors refuted by many studies Oil emulsified in water with surfactant Fetal tissue Common substance in humans, animals, and plants Fibroblasts from cell lines Obtained from plants (amaranth, rice, wheat germ, olives) from 2 elective terminated pregnancies in 1960s Synthesized by modified yeast Fetal cells are not bound by Hayflick limit Name derived from Squalus, a genus of sharks Varicella, rubella, Hep A, shingles, rabies Hydrocarbon-- biochemical precursor to steroids DNA- Boost production of CD4 memory cells miniscule –trillionth of a gram Currently in FLUAD fragmented into small pieces Debunked link to Gulf War Syndrome and anthrax vaccine Cannot reincorporate into larger cellular DNA Concerns for oncogenicity/tumors refuted by many studies QS21 Fetal tissue Fibroblasts from cell lines Vaccine Ingredients Soap-based from 2 elective terminated pregnancies in 1960s From the bark of the Quillaja saponar tree Fetal cells are not bound by Hayflick limit Antigen Only in Shingrix Varicella, rubella, Hep A, shingles, rabies Adjuvants ASO1B=QS21 + MPL Gelatin Preservatives Tested in prelicensure trials for cancer, malaria, and HIV Protects during storage Residuals vaccines From skin or connective tissue Additives/stabilizers Porcine-Religious exemptions for vaccine products Contaminants Monophosphoryl lipid A Most common cause of severe allergic reactions List of ingredients can be found in CDC Pink Book Cross reaction from bovine gelatin allergy AKA MPLA Similar to ingredient in Jell-O Isolated from cell wall of gram-negative bacteria Egg Protein Immunologic Adjuvants detoxified form of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Common allergy (0.5% of pediatric population) New generation of Toll like receptor (TLR) agonists Range of reactions: eczema, hives, anaphylaxis Stimulates adaptive immune responses with decreased Caution should be used in susceptible population 5 types approved in the US pro-inflammatory side effects Yellow fever vaccine—should consult allergist Why: ASO4=“adjuvant system” combining mechanical (aluminum) Flu vaccine—observe in office 30 minutes Boosts immunogenicity and immugenic MPLA Alternatives available without egg protein Enhances immune response In Shingrix Use less antigen Trials of anti-cancer vaccines Contaminants-viruses Decrease number of doses How: Sv40-Simian Virus 40-Late 1950s-60s CpG DNA From monkey kidney cells used as vaccine medium for polio Prolongs antigen presence in blood or tissue No evidenced based association with subsequent disease Absorbs cell antigen Cytosine and Guanine Virulent Polio-Cutter Incident-1955 Supports production of cytokines Nucleic acids 200,000 doses, 40,000 cases of polio, 200 paralyzed, 10 died Activates lymphocytes (B & T cells) and macrophages Mimics a bacterial and viral DNA pattern—boosts immune Vaccine Derived Poliovirus type 2 in OPV response India 2018, Congo 2017 Hep B (Heplisav-B) HIV and Polio Koprowski’s vaccine tested in Rwanda and Congo SIV virus contaminant alleged Wrong serotype Infections predated vaccine

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