Well Newham 50 Steps to a Healthier Borough Part 2: the Evidence for Action Well Newham - 50 Steps to a Healthier Borough
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Well Newham 50 Steps to a Healthier Borough Part 2: The Evidence for Action Well Newham - 50 Steps to a Healthier Borough Contents Introduction 5 Priority 7: Supporting active travel and improved PART 1: air quality 89 An overview of health need in Newham 8 Priority 8: Creating an active borough 94 PART 2: Our priorities 38 Priority 9: Supporting a Newham of communities Priority 1: where people are better connected Enabling the best start through and supported 100 pregnancy and early years 40 Priority 10: Priority 2: Working towards a Smoke-free Supporting our young people to be Newham 106 healthy and ready for adult life 49 Priority 11: Priority 3: Building a borough of health Supporting people around the promoting housing 112 determinants of their health 59 Priority 12: Priority 4: Building an inclusive economy 120 Developing high quality inclusive services, ensuring equity and reducing Proposed Outcomes variation 67 Framework 126 Priority 5: References 133 Meeting the needs of those most vulnerable to the worst health outcomes 73 Priority 6: Creating a healthier food environments 80 Health and Wellbeing Strategy 2020-2023 – Part 2: The Evidence for Action 2 Well Newham - 50 Steps to a Healthier Borough List of figures Figure 1: Resident population 10 Figure 2: Population by gender in Newham and Inner London, 2019 10 Figure 3: Population projections in Newham 11 Figure 4: Population mobility in Newham 12 Figure 5: Population by ethnicity in Newham and London, 2019 13 Figure 6: Ethnic composition by age band 13 Figure 7: Percentage of residents by ward where English is not spoken well or at all 14 Figure 8: Life expectancy at birth 15 Figure 9: Contribution to life expectancy gap 16 Figure 10: Top three causes of death in males and females 17 Figure 11: Life expectancy for males and females from birth, Newham wards 2013-2017 17 Figure 12: Healthy life expectancy at birth, male and female 18 Figure 13: Disability free life expectancy at birth, male and female 19 Figure 14: Life expectancy for males from birth, Newham wards 2009-2013 19 Figure 15: Life expectancy for females from birth, Newham wards 2009-2013 20 Figure 16: Estimated prevalence of common mental health disorders (ages 16+ years), 2017 21 Figure 17: Long-term mental health problems (aged 18+) 21 Figure 18: Wellbeing measurement framework (%) 2018-19 22 Figure 19: Female and male multimorbidity rates 24 Figure 20: Emergency admissions to hospital for all causes, all ages 25 Figure 21: Emergency re-admissions within 30 days of discharge from hospital 26 Figure 22: Emergency admission - 0-4 26 Figure 23: Cancer screening 2018/19 27 Figure 24: Most common incidence of of cancers 28 Figure 25: Stage at cancer diagnosis 28 Figure 26: Cancer waiting times, 2018/19 29 Figure 27: Most common mortality from cancers 29 Figure 28: 2019 IMD 30 Figure 29: Index of multiple deprivation, 2019 31 Figure 30: Deprivation by ethnicity and ageband 31 Figure 31: A level results 2017/18 32 Figure 32: Housing tenure - 2018 33 Figure 33: Statutory homelessness: rate per 1,000 households 2017/18 33 Figure 34: Deaths linked to long term exposure to air pollution 34 Figure 35: Percentage of adults drinking over 14 units of alcohol per week, 2011-14 35 Figure 36: Smoking prevalence in adults aged 15+, 2017-18 36 Figure 37: Children (aged 5) with one or more decayed, missing or filled in teeth, 2016/17 36 Figure 38: Low birth weight of term babies, 2017 40 Figure 39: MMR1 compared with neighbours at the five year time point 42 Figure 40: MMR2 compared with neighbours at the five year time point 43 Figure 41: Newham’s services for children and young people aged 0-5 46 Figure 42: UNICEF Baby Friendly Accreditation 48 Figure 43: Estimated prevalence of mental health disorders in children and young people aged 5-16 50 Figure 44: Violent crime – hospital admissions for violence (including sexual violence) - 2016/17 - 2018/19 51 Figure 45: Newham knife crime victims 1-24 (Oct - Sept) 51 Figure 46: Ward profile – knife crime victims 1-24 (Oct 18 - Sep 19) 52 Figure 47: Percentage of children with excess weight by school year 2018/19 53 Figure 48: Secondary pupils with special educational needs by primary type of need, January 2019 54 Figure 49: Young people providing unpaid care (aged 0-15), 2011 54 Figure 50: Young people providing unpaid care (aged 16-24), 2011 54 Figure 51: Hospital admissions due to substance misuse (15-24 years) 55 Figure 52: Newham’s services for children and young people aged 5-19 56 Figure 53: The individual and the determinants of their health 59 Health and Wellbeing Strategy 2020-2023 – Part 2: The Evidence for Action 3 Well Newham - 50 Steps to a Healthier Borough Figure 54: The individual and the determinants of their health 60 Figure 55: Health behaviours linked to disease 61 Figure 56: Relationship between risk factors and the common causes of death and disability and modifiers 62 Figure 57: Prevalence of high risk (obese BMI) in each neighbourhood – rate per 1,000 GP +18 registered population with a BMI recorded in the last 3 years. 64 Figure 58: Well Newham delivery framework 65 Figure 59: Inequality versus inequity 67 Figure 60: Breast cancer standard age (50-70) 36M coverage 69 Figure 61: Breast cancer standard age (50-70) 36M coverage - Mar 19 70 Figure 62: Newham regions % uptake on primary vaccinations by age (target set at 90 and 95%) - April 2018-March 2019 71 Figure 63: ACE Pyramid 73 Figure 64: Rough sleepers in Newham 75 Figure 65: TB incidence (3 year average) 76 Figure 66: Deaths from drug misuse (all ages) 77 Figure 67: Admission episodes for alcohol-specific conditions (all ages) 78 Figure 68: The Eat-Lancet planetary health diet 80 Figure 69: Our definition of good food, The London Food Strategy 81 Figure 70: Food culture 82 Figure 71: Hot food takeaway hotspots 83 Figure 74: Health Effects of Air Pollution. Public Health England 89 Figure 75: Asthma rates in Newham 91 Figure 76: Physical activity for early years 95 Figure 77: Physical activity for children and young people (5-18 years) 96 Figure 78: Inactive adults doing less than 30 minutes of exercise a week, 2017/18 97 Figure 79: Sport and physical activity levels; inactive adults 16+ - 2017/18 98 Figure 80: Social isolation and loneliness and impact on health 100 Figure 81: Population Churn Newham 101 Figure 82: Prevalence of common mental health disorders, Newham 102 Figure 83: Vibrant Economy Index, definitions 102 Figure 84: Vibrant Economy Index, Newham 103 Figure 85: Strategic context 107 Figure 86: Smokers aged 16+ that have successfully quick at 4 weeks 107 Figure 87: Concentration of patients with status recorded as smokers and pharmacy cessation services in Newham and no. of quits 109 Figure 88: Ottawa model 110 Figure 89: Housing instability 112 Figure 91: Housing related drivers of poor health, Source Newham Info 2019 114 Figure 93: Overcrowding - 2011 115 Figure 94: Age of buildings in Newham 116 Figure 95: Tenure in Newham as % of housing stock 116 Figure 96: Family homelessness 117 Figure 97: Effects of being excluded from the economy 120 Figure 98: Employment and unemployment - Oct 2018-Sept 2019 122 Figure 99: Employment and unemployment in Newham by gender - Oct 2018-Sept 2019 122 Figure 100: Economic inactivity by reason - Oct 2018-Sept 2019 122 Figure 101: Earnings by place of residence - 2019 123 Figure 102: Children in low income families (all dependent children under 20) 123 Health and Wellbeing Strategy 2020-2023 – Part 2: The Evidence for Action 4 Well Newham - 50 Steps to a Healthier Borough Introduction Our health is our wealth. With good health – both mental and physical – we can thrive; at school, at work, in our family and community lives. When poor health takes its toll we suffer, not just from the pain and distress but the knock on to so many aspects of our lives. Yet we can all be healthier. By taking a number of steps, both in our own lives, and in supporting those around us, together we can create a healthier place for us all. While health fads come and go in the media, there is a mountain of evidence of what will really make a difference to our own health and the health of our communities. This strategy was primarily developed pre Covid-19, through discussion and debate through the latter half of 2019 and the first weeks of 2020. Covid-19 has hit our country and our borough like a steam train, with significant loss of life and deep, lasting impacts on people’s health, social and economic wellbeing. There are some very specific actions we need to take in order to respond to this challenge. But in many ways the pandemic has also shone an intense spotlight on the very same issues we were focussed on before; health inequalities. These inequalities are both between Newham and other areas and within the borough itself. These were in the forefront of our plans already but the disparities in Covid-19 outcomes experienced by those based on low income and ethnic background challenge us to go further in our ambitions. Challenges The challenges should not be underestimated. Health is shaped first and foremost by the social and economic circumstances in which people are born, grow, live, work and age. While Newham is rapidly changing, we still have many challenges. There are many who face high levels of poverty, difficult working conditions including low levels of pay and an urban environment in terms of air quality, food environment, housing provision and many other factors that can damage health.