L2/10-384 Title: WG2 Consent Docket
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An Analysis of the Sociolinguistic Problems of the Contemporary Sinhala Language As Regards Its Diglossia
CLASSICISM VERSUS MODERNISM: AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROBLEMS OF THE CONTEMPORARY SINHALA LANGUAGE AS REGARDS ITS DIGLOSSIA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE MASARYK UNIVERSITY FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN LINGUISTICS BY E.M.M.R.P.L. NUGAPITIYA UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROFESSOR PhDr. ONDREJ SEFCIK, Ph D. MASARYK UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS AND BALTIC LANGUAGES, GENERAL LINGUISTICS FACULTY OF ARTS BRNO CZECH REPUBLIC APRIL 2019 i DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE I declare that the thesis entitled “Classicism versus Modernism: An Analysis of the Sociolinguistic Problems of the Contemporary Sinhala Language as regards its Diglossia ” submitted by me for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics is the record of work carried out by me, under the guidance of PhDr. Ondrej Sefcik, Ph D ., and has not formed the basis for the award of any degree, diploma, associateship, fellowship, titles in this or any other University or other institution of Higher learning. I further declare that the material obtained from other sources has been duly acknowledged in the thesis. Date: 25/04/2019 E.M.M.R.P.L. Nugapitiya Place: Brno ii Table of Contents Declaration by the Candidate ii Contents iii - xiii Contents of Tables ix - xiii Abbreviations xiv Preface xv Acknowledgements xvi Introduction xviii - xxv Chapter One: Early Literary Trends and the History of Sinhalese Diglossia 01 - 49 1.0 Introduction 01 1.1 Early Literary Trends and the History of Sinhalese Language 01 1.2 History of Sinhalese Diglossia 22 1.3 The Inception -
10337-N3888-Sinhala.Pdf
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 N______ ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 N3888 2010-09-1 Doc Type: Working Group Document Title: Proposal to include Sinhala Numerals to the BMP and SMP of the UCS Source: Sri Lanka Standards Institution (SLSI) Status: National Body Contribution Reference See the reference section in the document Replaces: N3195R Action: For consideration by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 and UTC Distribution: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 and Liaison Organizations 1. Introduction This paper presents a proposal for encoding Sinhala numerals in Universal Character Set (UCS). Since British occupation of Kandy in 1815, Sinhala scribes had dropped the common use of numerals in Sinhala. Although a few scholars had recorded the existence of Sinhala numerals after 1815, a comprehensive research was required to establish the past existence and precise shapes of these numerals prior to encoding. The proposal, L2/07-002R (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N3195R), which was submitted by Mr. Michael Everson to the Unicode consortium for encoding a set of numerals which he claimed were Sinhala numerals, initiated research into Sinhala numerals and numerations. Through the research which was carried out by Mr. Harsha Wijayawardhana of University of Colombo School of Computing (UCSC) under the aegis of the Information and Communication Technology Agency (ICTA) of Sri Lanka, it was discovered that other than the set of numerals submitted by Mr. -
Section 13.4
The Unicode® Standard Version 12.0 – Core Specification To learn about the latest version of the Unicode Standard, see http://www.unicode.org/versions/latest/. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trade- mark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc., in the United States and other countries. The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this specification, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. The Unicode Character Database and other files are provided as-is by Unicode, Inc. No claims are made as to fitness for any particular purpose. No warranties of any kind are expressed or implied. The recipient agrees to determine applicability of information provided. © 2019 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction. For information regarding permissions, inquire at http://www.unicode.org/reporting.html. For information about the Unicode terms of use, please see http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html. The Unicode Standard / the Unicode Consortium; edited by the Unicode Consortium. — Version 12.0. Includes index. ISBN 978-1-936213-22-1 (http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode12.0.0/) 1. -
LANGUAGES of INDIA WHITE PAPER Languages of India I
LANGUAGES OF INDIA WHITE PAPER Languages of India i About Andovar Andovar is a global provider of multilingual content solutions. Our services range from text translation and content creation, through audio and video recording, to turnkey localization of websites, software, eLearning and games. Our headquarters is in Singapore, and offices in Thailand, Colombia, USA and India. About This White Paper Andovar opened an office in Kolkata in 2014 to better serve our international clients and to add Indian language translation and audio recording to our suite of services. This white paper is an attempt to understand the localization situation when it comes to the major languages spoken in India. This has proven to be a challenging task. Not only are there dozens of languages and over ten scripts in everyday use in India, but it is also a rapidly developing country, with a huge and growing economy and new intiatives related to languages, encoding and translation technology support appear almost monthly. Not much has been written to date to give a holistic overview of the localization landscape and hopefully this white paper will be a useful reference to language professionals, even if it is far from perfect. As such, there may be mistakes or missing information which will be added in future updates. Please contact [email protected] with any questions or suggestions. The data on number or speakers and native speakers of Indian languages is unreliable, with different sources following different conventions when deciding what is a language and what is merely a dialect*. Our first source is the Indian Census from 2001 (www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/), which provided comprehensive information about the whole country, but is now outdated. -
The Puristic Movement in Sinhalese
THE PURISTIC MOVEMENT IN SINHALESE (1922-1970) Arabala Kodi tuwaklcug© Gunasena Thesis Submitted lor the Degree Doctor of* Philosophy in the University of* London 1976 ProQuest Number: 10672651 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672651 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The present study Is an attempt to examine critically the Sinhalese puristic movement extending from the 1920's to 1970 » which was inaugurated by Munidasa Kumaratunga and had as its objective the resuscitation in its wholeness of* the framework of classical Sinhalese grammar and style. A brief dis cussion of the nature of Sinhalese diglossia with occasional relevant reference to other diglossic situations is included in chapter I both to illus trate the general character of Sinhalese and to show how it could b© conducive to the rise and continuance of puristic endeavour. The same chapter also presents a thumbnail sketch of the history of Sinhalese in order to establish the historical origins of the dichotomy existing between written and spoken Sinha lese. -
International Organization for Standardization Organisation Internationale De Normalisation Iso/Iec Jtc 1/Sc 2/Wg 2
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 N______ ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 N3888 2010-09-1 Doc Type: Working Group Document Title: Proposal to include Sinhala Numerals to the BMP and SMP of the UCS Source: Sri Lanka Standards Institution (SLSI) Status: National Body Contribution Reference See the reference section in the document Replaces: N3195R Action: For consideration by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 and UTC Distribution: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 and Liaison Organizations 1. Introduction This paper presents a proposal for encoding Sinhala numerals in Universal Character Set (UCS). Since British occupation of Kandy in 1815, Sinhala scribes had dropped the common use of numerals in Sinhala. Although a few scholars had recorded the existence of Sinhala numerals after 1815, a comprehensive research was required to establish the past existence and precise shapes of these numerals prior to encoding. The proposal, L2/07-002R (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N3195R), which was submitted by Mr. Michael Everson to the Unicode consortium for encoding a set of numerals which he claimed were Sinhala numerals, initiated research into Sinhala numerals and numerations. Through the research which was carried out by Mr. Harsha Wijayawardhana of University of Colombo School of Computing (UCSC) under the aegis of the Information and Communication Technology Agency (ICTA) of Sri Lanka, it was discovered that other than the set of numerals submitted by Mr. -
South and Central Asia-II 13 Other Modern Scripts
The Unicode® Standard Version 13.0 – Core Specification To learn about the latest version of the Unicode Standard, see http://www.unicode.org/versions/latest/. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trade- mark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc., in the United States and other countries. The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this specification, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. The Unicode Character Database and other files are provided as-is by Unicode, Inc. No claims are made as to fitness for any particular purpose. No warranties of any kind are expressed or implied. The recipient agrees to determine applicability of information provided. © 2020 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction. For information regarding permissions, inquire at http://www.unicode.org/reporting.html. For information about the Unicode terms of use, please see http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html. The Unicode Standard / the Unicode Consortium; edited by the Unicode Consortium. — Version 13.0. Includes index. ISBN 978-1-936213-26-9 (http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode13.0.0/) 1. -
L2/10-384R Title: WG2 Consent Docket
L2/10-384R Title: WG2 Consent Docket Source: Peter Constable, Ken Whistler Date: October 29, 2010 Action: For review by UTC The WG2 Meeting #57 was held October 4 – 8 in Busan, South Korea. During that meeting a number of decisions were taken approving new repertoire for 10646, in addition to various other changes that were the result of disposition of comments for the CD of 10646 3rd edition. This document summarizes changes in repertoire, character names, code points, or other changes which require some UTC action to bring the accepted repertoire back into synch. The complete set of actions taken at Busan can be found in the WG2 Meeting 57 resolutions, L2/10-390 (= WG2 N3904) 1 Changes related to 10646 3rd edition Note: Details regarding code positions, glyphs, names, etc. related to the following items can be seen in the draft repertoire for the FCD, L2/10-387 (= WG2 N3945) and the final disposition of comments on the CD ballot, L2/10-385 (= WG2 N3936). 1.a CJK source references—“Idu” and “Hong Kong” characters In Korea’s ballot comment T4, they called out apparent errors in G source references for 92 Korean “Idu” characters and 58 “Hong Kong” characters: G1 (= GB 12345-90) is cited, but it appears not to include these characters. In discussion, it turned out that, of the combined 150 characters, 91 are “Idu” characters, 58 are characters used in Hong Kong, and 1 is a Hakka character. The 58 Hong Kong characters have H source references in addition to G1 references. It was found that the 58 Hong Kong characters and the 1 Hakka character are included in GB 15564-1995.