INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 01, JANUARY 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 Divorcing Procedures In Uzbekistan And Its Territorial Features Zulxumor Tojiyeva Nazarovna, Dusmanov Farkhod Azamkulovich, Ibragimov Lutfullo Ziyadullayevich Abstract: The article describes the divorce process in the Republic of Uzbekistan, its dynamics and regional features. In addition, the factors influencing the process of divorce, its types are also detailed shown. Differences in the dynamics of divorce processes in rural and urban families were studied by separating to groups by the specified criteria in the example of rural and urban population points. Key words: decreased rate of birth, population health, reproductive health, marriage duration, marriage age, dissolution of marriage, family institute. ——————————◆—————————— INTRODUCTION the reduced divorce rate by 0.9 per mille per 1000 people in 1991-2008 years is the positive condition, but sadly, there has It represents the most important goals of maintaining been an increase in divorce rates over the past decade. During reproductive health of the population, managing demographic 1991-2008 years, 12 percent of the total registered marriage processes, proper family planning, developing strategies for covenants in the Republic were abolished. It should be noted socio-economic development, demography and community that between 1991 and 1998 years, the number of divorces only development. One of the main demographic processes in declined. Since 1999, divorce rates have risen dramatically. achieving these goals is that marriage and divorce are The increase in the number of correct divorces does not mean processes that determine the reproduction of an entire an increase in the number of negative demographic processes, population. Processes such as marriage and divorce play an as the number of population is constantly increasing in the important role in family formation, strengthening the family republic. Therefore, compared to the thousands of people, this institution, protection of motherhood and childhood, marriage figure increased by only 0.4 promille in 2008-2018 years. and family relations and fulfilling the functions of generating the However, this is not a small or few numbers, but any increase population. This phenomenon of marriage and divorce is one of in the number of divorce would have a negative impact on the the main criteria for kinship relations and family formation. The family and society and the demographic risks should be taken main part. Freedom of marriage also provides for freedom of into account in terms of demographic security. divorce. Registration of divorce, such as marriage registration, is also under the state control. Some of the marriages that have Changes in the number of divorces and the general divorce been registered over time are canceled due to the death of the coefficient in the Republic of Uzbekistan husband or wife and some of the marriages are optionally cancelled due to various reasons. In accordance with the Years the number of divorces, the general divorce Family Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, divorce is made by thousand people coefficient 1991 33,3 1,6 the judicial authorities at the request of one or both spouses 1995 21,2 0,9 and with the mutual consent of the couple, who have no minor 2000 19,9 0,8 children, is issued by the civil registry offices (CRO) [2]. In fact, 2005 16,4 0,6 the main part of the divorce rate was the legal registration of 2010 18,0 0,6 already terminated couple relations. There are many divorced 2015 29,6 1,0 who are not legally registered. According to the Statistic 2016 29,3 0,9 information, in years of independence the number of divorces 2017 31,9 1,2 declined by 45.3%. In 2018, 32326 covenants of marriage were 2018 32,3 1,0 abolished in Uzbekistan, this rate was only 18200 in 2008 a Table: The data is based on the State Statistics Committee of decade ago. During the period from 1991 to 2018, over 556000 the Republic of Uzbekistan covenants of marriage were abolished in the country. If you compare this number with the number of marriages in that Statistics show that divorces are most common among the period, it is clear that the number of marriages saved is 89 population between the ages of 25-39. Thus, 1.4 percent of percent and divorced families are 11 percent. For example, the divorced women were under 20 years old, 21.6 percent were absolute number of divorces in 1991 was more than 33300 or between 20-24 years, 28.7 percent were 25-29 years old, 19.7 percent were 30-34 years old in 2008. It made up 28.6 percent ___________________________________________________________ of people aged 35 years and older. Comparing these indicators • Tojiyeva Z.N. is a Professor of National university of to 2018 year, the following figures were as follows: divorce rates Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan. Email: [email protected] for males aged 25-29 were 22.7%, 25.4% for females, aged 30- • Dusmanov F.A. is an Assistant of Chirchik State 34 were 26.2%, 18.2% for women, men aged 35-39 were Pedagogical Institute. Uzbekistan. 15.0%, 10.6% for women and this proportion means that the [email protected] age of divorce is increasing. In turn, the divorce rate among • Ibragimov L.Z. is a Professor associate of Samarkand men is much high between the ages of 25-29 and 30-34. For state university. Uzbekistan. Email: instance, in 2007, 27.6 percent of divorced men were aged 25- [email protected] 29 and 24.8 percent were between 30 and 34 years of age. 39.3% of the divorced men were aged 35 years and older than 4096 IJSTR©2020 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 01, JANUARY 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 this age. There has been an increase in divorce rates for both rose from 14.2% to 17.6% [3]. Many of these are very young men and women in 2010-2018 years. It is also much higher married families. While in the first two years of marriage in the among men and women in the age group of 30-34 years and a Republic in 1990, 18.3 percent of divorced men-women were spouse of this age usually has one or two children. In most under 20 years of age, and in 2018 their share increased to 23.4 cases, it is common for children to stay with their mother after percent. In most cases, girls aged 16-17 who have just a divorce, and it is still going on. Compared to 1991 year, graduated from high school will get married. The psychology of divorce rates show that divorce rates among men under 30 most girls in the age group of 16-17 is currently in a school have declined. However, divorce rates have increased among environment. Many of them have the goal of completing their men aged 30 and older. Compared to the data of 1991 year, studies at the end of the school, getting a job, earning a living, the proportion of women under 20 years of age declined by working financially for their family, and supplementing their 1.1% and among those aged 20-24 decreased by 3.1%. In “scarcity”. This can lead to economic problems and problems in contrast, the proportion of divorced women between the ages the family, leading to the breakup of the young family. This has of 25-29 and 40 years and older increased. There was little led to an increase in divorce in the 18-24 age groups. change between the ages of 30-34 and 35-39. Women with children who have divorced from their husbands are more likely Distribution of divorce in Uzbekistan by the year of marriage, % to be single, leading to the rise of single-parent families. Re- marriage of widows was 0.5% of all recorded marriages and it Th year of 2000 y 2005 y 2013 y 2018 y was 1.3% for men. One in each five divorces is broken up by marriage young families, that is, a marriage union that was created 1-4 num % num % num % num % years ago. The divorce rate of the population according to the ber ber ber ber period of marriage has changed as compared to 1991: the Number of 1990 100, 1639 100, 2402 100, 3192 100, proportion of divorces between 1 year and 1-4 years has divorce, 3 0 2 0 5 0 9 0 increased from 32.8% to 37.6%. That is during these times that total the number and frequency of divorces in marriages is one of Also the greatest demographic risks for society and the country's Until 1 732 3,7 769 4,7 1072 4,5 1130 4,4 demographic security. Whereas the divorce after 5-9 years was year 35.1 percent in 2000, it was equal to 28.5 percent in 2017. Until 1-4 5802 29,1 4839 29,5 8978 37,4 1056 33,2 year 2 Until 5-9 6986 35,1 4580 27,9 5634 23,4 9425 28,5 The divorce of spouses by age group in Uzbekistan (%) year Until 10-14 3243 16,3 3093 18,9 3264 13,6 4060 12,1 1991 2010 2018 year Total men’s 100,0 100,0 100,0 Until 15-19 1565 7,9 1522 9,3 2110 8,8 2658 8,8 year Also 20 year 1575 7,9 1589 9,7 2967 12,3 4094 13,0 Until 30 years old 43,9 33,0 36,9 and more 30-34 years old 22,8 26,2 24,9 35-39 years old 13,8 17,5 15,7 Table: The data is based on the State Statistics Committee of 40-49 years old 11,8 15,5 14,7 the Republic of Uzbekistan 50 years old and 7,7 7,8 7,8 up During the research separate attention was given to the study Total women 100,0 100,0 100,0 of the reason of divorce.