Contributions to Hermeneutics

Contributions to Hermeneutics Volume 3 Series editors Jeffery Malpas, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia Claude Romano, Université Paris-Sorbonne, Paris, France Editorial board Jean Grondin, University of Montréal, Canada Robert Dostal, Bryn Mawr College, USA Andrew Bowie, Royal Holloway, UK Françoise Dastur, Nice, France Kevin Hart, University of Virginia, USA David Tracy, Univeristy of Chicago, USA Jean-Claude Gens, University of Bourgogne, France Richard Kearney, Boston College, USA Gianni Vattimo, University of Turin, Italy Carmine di Martino, University of Milan, Italy Luis Umbellino, University of Coimbra, Portugal Kwok-Ying Lau, Chinese University of Hong Kong, HK Marc-Antoine Vallée, Fonds Ricoeur, Paris, France Gonçalo Marcelo, University of Lisbon, Portugal Csaba Olay, University of Budapest, Hungary Patricio Mena-Malet, University Alberto Hurtado, Santiago, Chile Andrea Bellantone, Catholic Institute of Toulouse, France Hans-Helmuth Gander, University of Freiburg, Germany Gaetano Chiurazzi, University of Turin, Italy Anibal Fornari, Catholic University of Santa Fe, Argentina Hermeneutics is one of the main traditions within recent and contemporary European philosophy, and yet, as a distinctive mode of philosophising, it has often received much less attention than other similar traditions such as phenomenology, deconstruction or even critical theory. This series aims to rectify this relative neglect and to reaffi rm the character of hermeneutics as a cohesive, distinctive and rigorous stream within contemporary philosophy. The series will encourage works that focus on the history of hermeneutics prior to the twentieth century, that take up fi gures from the classical twentieth-century hermeneutic canon (including Heidegger, Gadamer and Riceur, but also such as Strauss, Pareyson, Taylor and Rorty), that engage with key hermeneutic questions and themes (especially those relating to language, history, aesthetics and truth), that explore the cross-cultural relevance and spread of hermeneutic concerns, and that also address hermeneutics in its interconnection with, and involvement in, other disciplines from architecture to theology. A key task of the series will be to bring into English the work of hermeneutic scholars working outside of the English-speaking world, while also demonstrating the relevance of hermeneutics to key contemporary debates. Since hermeneutics can itself be seen to stand between, and often to overlap with, many different contemporary philosophical traditions, the series will also aim at stimulating and supporting philosophical dialogue through hermeneutical engagement. Contributions to Hermeneutics aims to draw together the diverse fi eld of contemporary philosophical hermeneutics through a series of volumes that will give an increased focus to hermeneutics as a discipline while also refl ecting the interdisciplinary and truly international scope of hermeneutic inquiry. The series will encourage works that focus on both contemporary hermeneutics as well as its history, on specifi c hermeneutic themes and areas of inquiry (including theological and religious hermeneutics), and on hermeneutic dialogue across cultures and disciplines. All books to be published in this series will be fully peer-reviewed before fi nal acceptance. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13358 Vinicio Busacchi Habermas and Ricoeur’s Depth Hermeneutics From Psychoanalysis to a Critical Human Science Vinicio Busacchi University of Cagliari Cagliari , Italy ISSN 2509-6087 ISSN 2509-6095 (electronic) Contributions to Hermeneutics ISBN 978-3-319-39009-3 ISBN 978-3-319-39010-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-39010-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016941949 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland Deuten! Das ist ein garstiges Wort! S. Freud Pref ace This research – which re-actualises my previous research on Jürgen Habermas (Busacchi 2009)1 and Paul Ricoeur (Busacchi 2010) 2 – is aimed at contributing to the study of the possibilities of interpreting psychoanalysis in a hermeneutical key. I write “possibilities” in the plural to indicate the double meaning inherent in this concept: the feasibility, sustainability and eligibility of a theory or hypothesis on the one hand, and the potential and applicability of it on the other. If the fi rst meaning refers to an epistemological analysis (theory of science), the second denotes the wider sphere of the speculative (philosophically interesting, in the case of psychoanalysis, under different thematic/disciplinary levels) and indicates, above all, the sphere of speculation that affects therapeutic work (not strictly psychoanalytical). The latter is certainly the most relevant in the current debate on psychoanalysis and hermeneutics. Indeed, it goes on to produce scientifi c material around the problem of the epistemological status of psychoanalysis, and the preferred approach contin- ues to be the model developed by Sigmund Freud. Freud’s attempt to place psychoanalysis among the sciences, suggesting that it should be accorded equal dignity with the exact sciences, has been and still is a real challenge for theorists and epis- temologists, and a formidable terrain of analysis, refl ection and theorisation. In this sense, the most famous example is no doubt that of Karl Popper, and the tradition that is to a greater or lesser extent connected to him. As is known, his criticism of the inductive method – his epistemological falsifi cationist model – comes from a critical comparison between the scientifi c parameters offered by the relativistic physics of Einstein on the one hand, and the claim of scientifi c doctrines such as Marxism and, indeed, psychoanalysis, on the other (Parrini 2002, 147 ff). As vari- ous experts have explained, this case can be inserted into a branch of the philosophy of science that is attentive to psychoanalysis because it has effected a rethinking of 1 This book forms the fi rst part of the present research. 2 The essential fi ndings of this large research project on Ricoeur’s interpretation of psychoanalysis and its theoretical role in his philosophy are re-considered and re-actualised in the second part of this book. vii viii Preface epistemology. In fact, the “psychoanalytical question” is counted among the high- lights of the evolution of the philosophy of science in the twentieth century. The situation is different for Jürgen Habermas – different, but not entirely sepa- rate. As we will see in this book, in fact, in Erkenntnis und Interesse (1968) he fi nds in psychoanalysis not only the possibility of founding the humanities and social sciences, but a real analogon of his critical philosophy . Therefore, even in his case, we can speak of epistemological interest (characterised “instrumentally”, because it does not directly and exclusively address the clarifi cation of the status of psychoanalysis, but it is useful for other things). The most recent collapse of the neo-empiricist conception of scientifi c theories has only consolidated, broadened and further articulated this orientation of interest (Parrini 1998, 7). 3 (It has been a collapse that has forced the theoreticians and epis- temologists of science to reconsider the relationship among the natural sciences, humanities and social sciences, and to rethink the criteria of knowledge and cer- tainty for a scientifi city without foundation ). In this regard, we can bring Paolo Parrini into the discussion. Introducing the chapter entitled “Psychoanalysis in philosophy of science” in his book Sapere e interpretare ( Know and Interpret ), he writes: I will discuss only the epistemological assessments relating to the scientifi city of the psychoanalytical theory. And I’ll do it in order not to offer a comprehensive historical recon- struction, but to draw some general theoretical understandings about the nature and the tasks of the epistemological analysis of scientifi c theories. In short, my interest goes more to the philosophy of science than to the question of the scientifi c nature of psychoanalysis as such ( Ibidem ). Here, too, then, we identify the reason for a kind of involvement we can defi ne as “instrumental”. It is precisely on this most recent epistemological horizon that we fi nd an explanation for the continuation

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