ORIGINAL NARRATIVES OF EARLY AMERICAN HISTORY I* I'iilii! ii ilillir ORIGINAL NARRATIVES OF EARLY AMERICAN HISTORY REPRODUCED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION General Editor, J. FRANKLIN JAMESON, Ph.D., LL.D. DIRECTOR or THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH IN THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON NARRATIVES OF THE INDIAN WARS 1675 — 1699 ORIGINAL NARRATIVES OF EARLY AMERICAN HIS TOR T NARRATIVES OF THE INDIAN WARS 1675—1699 EDITED BV CHARLES H. LINCOLN, Ph.D. W/7W rWO MAPS AND A FACSIMILE CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK 1913 COPYRIGHT, 1 91 3, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS Published November, 19 13 NOTE The frontispiece to this volume requires some explanation. Reference may first be made to the explanatory remarks which are inserted in the upper right-hand corner of the map itself. The map was drawn and engraved to accompany the Rev. William Hubbard's book on the Indian Wars. Of that work there are two editions. The first, entitled A Narrative of the Troubles with the Indians in New England, was published at Boston in 1677. The second, entitled The Present State of New England, being a Narrative of the Troubles with the Indians in New England, was published in London the same year. Both are now rare; not quite twenty-five copies of the first are known. But there are also two editions of the map, which it is customary to distinguish from each other by the legends that appear in them respectively, at the right or north side of the map, adjacent to the White Mountains. In the one the legend is "The White Hills," in the other, by error of the engraver, "The Wine Hills." Both are rare, the White Hills map especially so, since apparently only four copies are known. From one of these, an exceptionally fine copy, at present in the possession of Messrs. Dodd and Living- ston, our photographic facsimile has by the kindness of that firm been obtained. It should be mentioned that the late Henry Stevens in 1872 made facsimiles of both of these maps which it is difficult to distinguish from the originals. It has been difficult for historical scholars to determine with certainty the respective histories of these two maps. In general, the White Hills map is more correct, the Wine Hills map better exe- cuted. It is not known positively who drew or engraved either map. It seems most likely that Mr. Hubbard himself drew the map, and it seems almost certain that the White Hills issue was engraved by John Foster, the first printer in Boston, to accompany the Boston edition of Hubbard's book, which was printed by him; and that the V 281408 vi NOTE Wine Hills issue was subsequently engraved in London to accompany the London edition of the book. It will be observed that the map itself, in its main legend, declares itself to have been the first ever engraved in Boston. It was engraved on wood. The earliest use of copper-plate engraving in America was in the making of paper money at Boston in 1691 (or at all events under authority of an ordi- nance of December 12, 1690), to cover the cost of the expedition to Canada under Sir William Phips. A facsimile of the Wine Hills map is given in Dr. James Douglases New England and New France (New York, 1913), opposite p. 180. The White Hills map, slightly reduced in our reproduction, measures in the original about 15 x 12 inches. It is drawn with the west at the top and with two strong vertical lines, which were appar- ently intended to mark colonial boundaries: the right-hand one a fanciful division between Massachusetts (including New Hamp- shire) and Maine, the left-hand one the southern boundary of Massa- chusetts, although apparently the error in continuing it so far down to the eastward was discovered and a less heavy line then drawn at an angle to mark the boundary between Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay. The figures on the map refer to explanations given on certain unnumbered pages at the end of Hubbard's first volume. The figures which are not accompanied by names on the map have the following explanations: 2, Swansea; 3, Middleborough (but this figure is misplaced, as Hubbard acknowledges, for it should lie be- tween Plymouth and Taunton); 4, Dartmouth; 8, Mendon; 13, Hatfield; 16, Westfield; 17, Quonsigomog (Worcester); 18, Jireh Bull's garrison house at Pettiquemscot; 19, Canonicus's fort; 20, Warwick; 25, Wickford; 35, Andover; 47, York (Maine); 48, the Totonnock fort; 50, Saco; 51, Wells; 54, Spurwink and Richmond's Island; 55, Falmouth. The town between Weymouth and Taunton is Bridgewater. The map of Mrs. Rowlandson's Removes is taken from one pre- sented in the edition of her captivity edited by Mr. Henry S. Nourse and Mr. John E. Thayer, and pubHshed at Lancaster in 1903. The title-page of the Decennium Luctuosum is photographed from that of the original in the Boston Public Library. That volume, NOTE vii unfortunately, has a title-page made with pen and ink, not printed. But no other copy is known to the undersigned or to those whom he has consulted, and the title-page of this, such as it is, was evidently made from that of a more perfect copy, not now traceable—perhaps from that which figured in the Brinley sale. It is necessary to explain that, although it is customary in these reprints to preserve exactly the spelling and capitalization of the originals (though punctuation is often amended if it is misleading), this cannot be predicated of the pieces which stand second, third, fourth, and fifth in the present volume. The text of them presented in Drake's Old Indian Chronicles, which has all the appearance of close conformity to the originals, was taken as printer's copy. Colla- tion with the rare originals was not practicable at the time when the book was prepared. When the opportunity for it was secured, it was discovered too late that Drake's text differed very widely from his originals in capitalization, and sometimes varied from them in spelling. But though correction of all these differences had become impracticable, all significant errors have been corrected. J. F. J. CONTENTS NARRATIVES OF THE INDIAN WARS Edited by Charles H. Lincoln FAGB A Relacion of the Indyan Warre 1 Introduction 3 King Philip accused of the Death of Sausiman 7 Arming of English and Indians 8 A Conference of English and Indians at Trip's Ferry .... 9 The Beginning of the War ... .... 12 The English attempt to secure Indian Allies 13 Indecision of the Indians 14 The Commissioners declare War 15 Conditions during the Summer of 1675 16 Charles 11. suggested as Arbiter 17 The Present State of New England 19 Introduction 21 The Causes of the Indian War of 1675 24 Philip seeks Allies against the English 25 Alarm at Rehoboth and Swansey 27 Massachusetts comes to the Rescue 28 Indian Ravages 30 The Battle at Pocasset Swamp 31 Order respecting Praying Indians 32 Connecticut makes Peace with the Narragansetts .... 34 Defeat of Hutchinson and Wheeler 35 Indian Attack upon Brookfield 36 The Praying Indians, Eliot and Gookin 36 Fasts ordered by Boston Churches 38 Captain Moseley's Fight 39 Efforts to release the Indians at Boston 40 -Indian Attack upon Deerfield 42 Agreement between the Massachusetts and the Narragansetts . 44 Order for a Fast 45 -Indian Attack upon Springfield 47 -Upon Hatfield 48 ix X CONTENTS PAGB A Continuation op the State of New England .... 51 Review of the preceding Narrative 54 The Commissioners take aggressive Action 56 The March against the Narragansetts 57 The Great Swamp Fight . .58 A List of the Killed and Wounded . .60 — Philip's Attack upon Hatfield 61 Address of the Massachusetts Council 62 The Indians pretend to desire Peace 65 Further Victories of the Colonists 67 Decay of Trade with Virginia 68 Review of relations with the Wampanoags 69 Troubles in Barbadoes 71 Philip refuses to negotiate with the Colonists 73 A New and Further Narrative of the State op New England . 75 Definitions of certain Indian Words 77 Condition of Antagonists after the Swamp Fight .... 79 - Attacks upon Lancaster, Sudbury, and Medfield .... 80 " Upon Northampton . 81 - Upon Warwick and Groton ........ 82 - Upon Lancaster; Mrs. Rowlandson 83 Defeat of Captain Pierce and his Men 84 Burning of Seekonk and Providence 86 Roger Williams confers with the Indians 87 Philip near Albany; the Mohawks 87 Death of Gov. John Winthrop of Connecticut 89 Defeat of Canonchet at Pawtuxet 90 His Execution 91 Ambuscade of the Colonials at Sudbury 92 Order of the Massachusetts Council regarding Militia ... 94 Indian Defeat at Turner's Falls 95 Defeat of King Philip by the Mohawks 97 Colonial Losses during the War 98 The Warr in New England Visibly Ended 101 King Philip retires into Hiding 104 Death of Philip and Capture of his Lieutenants 105 NARRATIVE OF THE CaPTIVITY OF MrS. MaRY RoWLANDSON . 107 4 Introduction 109 Preface to the Reader 112 The Indian Attack upon Lancaster 118 Mrs. Rowlandson leaves her House 119 The first Remove after Capture . 121 The second Remove, to Princeton 122 The third Remove, to New Braintree 123 The Visit of Robert Pepper 124 CONTENTS xi PAGE Death of Mrs. Rowlandson's Child 125 The fourth Remove, to Petersham 128 The fifth Remove, crossing Miller's River 129 The sixth Remove, to Northfield 131 The seventh Remove, to Squakeag 132 The eighth Remove, to Coasset 133 Mrs. Rovvlandson meets King Philip 134 The ninth Remove, into New Hampshire 136 Mrs.