A DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS of RURAL COLORADO ENGLISH By

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

A DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS of RURAL COLORADO ENGLISH By A DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF RURAL COLORADO ENGLISH by LAMONT D. ANTIEAU (Under the Direction of William A. Kretzschmar, Jr.) ABSTRACT This dissertation describes a study in linguistic geography conducted in Colorado using the methodology of the Linguistic Atlas of the Western States. As such, the goals of this dissertation are threefold: 1) to provide a description of Colorado English with respect to select lexical, phonetic, and syntactic features; 2) to compare the results of work in Colorado with previous work conducted in the eastern states as well as in Colorado and other western states; and 3) to use inferential statistics to show correlation between the distribution of specific linguistic variants and the social characteristics of those informants who use these variants. The major findings of this study include the observation that linguistic variants are distributed according to a power law, that numerous variants have statistically significant social correlates at all levels of the grammar, and that the relative effect of social variables differ at each linguistic level. INDEX WORDS: Linguistic Geography, Dialectology, Sociolinguistics, Language Variation, American English, Western American English, Colorado English, Rural Speech, Kruskal-Wallis A DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF RURAL COLORADO ENGLISH by LAMONT D. ANTIEAU BA, Eastern Michigan University, 1996 MA, Eastern Michigan University, 1998 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ATHENS, GEORGIA 2006 © 2006 Lamont D. Antieau All Rights Reserved A DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF RURAL COLORADO ENGLISH by LAMONT D. ANTIEAU Major Professor: William A. Kretzschmar, Jr. Committee: Marlyse Baptista Lee Pederson Diane Ranson Electronic Version Approved: Maureen Grasso Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia August 2006 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the good people of Colorado who welcomed me into their homes and into their lives. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work could not have been done without the help of a great many people. First of all, I would like to thank my committee members, who provided me with the tools and the guidance to complete this work. I would like to thank Dr. William Kretzschmar, who has been such a great influence on me as a scholar and thinker and who personally guided me through several of the facets required to complete this project. Dr. Lee Pederson introduced me to the LAWS project and encouraged me to do the best work possible within the constraints of Atlas methodology; I hope that I have done as much in these pages and I want to thank him for being such a great part of the work I conducted in Colorado. I would also like to thank Dr. Diane Ranson for her professionalism, her keen eye for detail, as well as her vision of the bigger picture, and her good advice and kind words when I needed them. And I would like to thank Dr. Marlyse Baptista for her enthusiasm for the subject of linguistics, which she has handed down to so many of her students in so many ways. In addition to my committee members, I need to acknowledge two scholars who have mentored me and whose work certainly influenced this dissertation in numerous ways. First, I would like to thank Dr. Ellen Johnson, who influenced me through her book on southeastern American English and in her teaching of a class in field methods the first semester that I attended the University of Georgia. Finally, I owe a debt of gratitude to the late Dr. Keith Denning, formerly of Eastern Michigan University, who introduced me to the subject of language variation and required me to do my first sociolinguistic fieldwork. Like many of his former students and colleagues, I miss Keith dearly, both personally and professionally. v Of course, I could not have finished this project had it not been for my family, which has given me so much support in so many ways over the years that it is hard to even know where to begin. Having said that, I know that I need to start with Mom, who has always been supportive even if she didn’t know exactly what in the world I was up to; you are a wonderful mother and a special person. To Don, who has given everyone in my family so much of his time and energy that it’s sometimes difficult to know how we got along without you. To Alicia, Isaac, James, and Jacob, for providing me with a bed to sleep in, a pool to swim in, and an excuse for visiting the Detroit Zoo during my summertime visits up in Michigan. To Dana, James, and Katie, for being patient with me and for understanding my reluctance to travel those few hundred extra miles to their home during my vacations: I'll make it up to your part of the mitten again soon, I swear! To Heather, Dennis, Alissa, and Alexis (and even Molly), thanks for providing me with a roof over my head, food to eat, and work to do during the lean winter months of 2006; I miss your companionship. I hope this achievement gives you all something to be proud of – I couldn’t have done it without your love and support! With the greatest appreciation, I would like to thank my friends in Colorado, particularly Marty, Linda, and Hannah, who housed and fed me during the field work phase of this project when I was at my most road-weary and let me know I could count on them for support and friendship. Also, thanks goes to Dale Blake, whose unabashed enthusiasm for his own academic discipline – mathematics – and the teaching of it helped me get over some of those “what’s the use?” and “what is it good for?” moments that creep in during the waking hours of many a dissertating student. I also gratefully acknowledge the Humphreys-Parle family, which treated me like one of the clan on our trip from Boulder, Colorado, through Nebraska, more Nebraska, and even more Nebraska, on our way back to our Michigan stomping grounds in time for the vi 2001 holiday season; that trip, with its copious restaurant stops and good humor, helped me to keep some perspective on this project. I consider myself fortunate in having the classmates I did while at the University of Georgia, as I learned so much from them during the classes we had together from 1998-2000, including Betsy Barry, Karen Burdette, Allison Burkette, Lisa Cohen, Clayton Darwin, Anne Marie Hamilton, Joe Kuhl, and Susan Tamasi. Later on, I had the great opportunity of getting to know incoming students to the program, including Brooke Erhardt, Becky Childs, Keith Kennetz, Iyabo Osiapem, and Keith Winkler, and got some fresh perspectives on matters linguistic from them. I’d also like to thank those who helped me on the administrative end of things, including Debbie Vaughn, Lynnette Lang, Chris Hayes, Jared Klein, Don McCreary and the late William Provost. And finally, I would like to gratefully acknowledge the interaction that I had with the UGA students who attended the classes that I taught as a graduate student at the university. I’ll miss having the opportunity to see these people as often as I have over the years. In addition, I need to thank everyone who assisted in transcribing the interviews that form the foundation of this work: Betsy Barry, Ed Cowan, Clayton Darwin, Brooke Heller, Carla Johnson, Zeina Maalouf, Kathryn Morgan, Lee Pederson, and Tim Riley. I would also like to thank Meredith Barna, whose interview in Crested Butte, Colorado, in the summer of 2001, alerted me to some of the challenges I would face in conducting fieldwork in Colorado. Also, I have a great appreciation for the efforts of two earlier Colorado fieldworkers – David Newton and Josephine Preston – whose work informed my own interviewing style, and whose interviews serve as a significant contribution to the Colorado corpus in particular and the Linguistic Atlas of the Western States in general. vii I would also like to acknowledge the support of two universities in addition to UGA that I had the good fortune to work at while working on my dissertation: Mississippi State University and Western Carolina University. At MSU, several scholars inquired into my work and supported me in any way they could, particularly Matt Little, Rich Raymond, Rich Lyons, Steve Chrestman, Gordon Garretson, and Benjamin and Shalay Torbert; I also wouldn’t have been able to function as I did at the university without the generous assistance of Joyce Harris and Carlene Hatchett. In conjunction with the MSU folks, I would like to thank Rachel Shuttlesworth of the University of Alabama for her role in me getting the opportunity to teach at Mississippi State. At Western Carolina University, I was fortunate in working with several people who supported me while I was dissertating and teaching classes at WCU, including Elizabeth Addison, Chandrika Rogers, Newt Smith, Roxane Stiles and Pamela Pittman. I not only enjoyed working with these folks and others at the universities, but had some wonderful experiences getting to know the students at each school as well. Several people at libraries throughout Colorado and Georgia were of great assistance to me in doing some of the library research that I needed to do for this project. Among these folks were David Hays and his staff in the archives of the Norlin Library at the University of Colorado at Boulder. The folks in the Western History Department of the Denver Public Library were also very helpful during the research I conducted on the history of Colorado for the dissertation.
Recommended publications
  • Research Project 2 FINAL Draft
    ! ! Are$Phoneme$Categories$$ Context1Dependent$or$Context1Independent?$ $ English$Phoneme$Discrimination$by$Dutch1English$Early$Bilinguals$$ in$Dutch$and$English$Pseudo1Word$Contexts$ ! ! ! ! by!! ! Andreea!Geambașu! ! ! ! ! ! ! Supervisor:!Prof.!Dr.!Paul!Boersma! ! Co<Assessor:!Drs.!Titia!Benders! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Research!Report!for!the!Completion!of!MSc!in!Brain!and!Cognitive!Sciences! Track:!Cognitive!Science! Amsterdam,!2011! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Acknowledgements$ ! Many wonderful people have helped me over the year that I’ve been working on developing and executing this project. First of all, thank you to Titia Benders for helping me with the brainstorming process for this project, for your valuable feedback, for taking the time to help me with the studio recordings and splicing, and for assuming the role of co-assessor. For their guidance on the topic of EEG research, thank you to Titia van Zuijen and Karin Wanrooij. I appreciate that you took the time to talk with me on multiple occasions, even though you were not directly involved in this project, and even though time did not allow for us to execute the proposed EEG part of this project. I have learned so much from you both nonetheless. Also thanks to Jan-Willem van Leussen for coordinating the testing rooms and for taking the time to help with stimuli recordings; to Maartje Raijmakers for your help with the ethical approval; to David Weenink for filling the role of UvA representative; and to Dirk Vet for all the technical support. Finally, a sincere thank you to my supervisor Paul Boersma for all of your guidance along the way, your knowledgeable feedback, your help with the analysis and for pushing me to teach myself basic statistics, for giving me the chance to attend L.O.T., and for your help 2! ! on my first attempt at my own PhD project proposal.
    [Show full text]
  • Black English: a Community Language. PUB DATE Nov 73 NOTE 12P.; Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Western Speech Communication Assn
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 083 655 CS 500 442 AUTHOR Davis, France A. TITLE Black English: A Community Language. PUB DATE Nov 73 NOTE 12p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Western Speech Communication Assn. (November 19-21, 1973) EDRS PRICE NF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 DESCRIPTORS *African American Studies; Biculturalism; *Communication (Thought Transfer); *Cross Cultural Studies; Cultural Interrelationships; Language Styles; *Language Usage; Negro Culture; *Negro Dialects; Negroes; Verbal Communication IDENTIFIERS *Afro American Communication ABSTRACT Black English, the particular variation of the English language used by many American Negroes, is frequently condemned as inferior to standard English by arbiters of language usage, but many Negroes find the structures and style of black English satisfactory for their communication needs. Black English is the result of a complex, developmental history, emerging from the primarily verbal intercommunication prevalent in the early culture of English-speaking Negroes. Because of its history and its usefulness, black English has earned a legitimate place in the American culture and educational system. The author argues that since black English is the usage most frequently practiced by the largest racial minority group in the United States and since it has a consistent linguistic structure, such language usage can no longer roe ignored in academic studies of American language or in the curricula of American schools. (CH) U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH EDUCATION L WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION Do,uvE '1,F% WcPWC) D U (I D F .F POM THE C.AN I. '.(7,% (,4 POIN ". '71 .E A ',WI DO NO' NE,F v WF PPF SENT 0, Tt, TF '),v P05 '.0% BLACK ENGLISH: A COMMUNITY LANGUAGE Author: FRANCE A DAVIS PERMISSION TO REPRODUCETHIS COPY RluHTED MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTEDBY Address: Department of Communication France A.
    [Show full text]
  • Discover Denver Survey Report: Capitol Hill-West Cheesman Survey
    Discover Denver Know It. Love It. One Building at a Time. Survey Report: Capitol Hill-West Cheesman Survey Area Prepared by: Kathleen Corbett, Ph.D. Architectural Historian Corbett AHS, Inc. and Beth Glandon Director, Discover Denver Historic Denver, Inc. State Historical Fund Grant #16-01-021 December 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Discover Denver Overview.................................................................................................................... 1 Project Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Project History ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction: Capitol Hill-West Cheesman Survey ............................................................................... 3 2. Project Area .......................................................................................................................................... 4 3. Research Design and Methods ............................................................................................................. 6 Survey Objectives and Scope of Work .................................................................................................. 6 Survey Exclusions .................................................................................................................................. 7 Project Participants ..............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Manipulating Stance and Involvement Using Collaborative Tasks: an Exploratory Comparison
    INTERSPEECH 2014 Manipulating stance and involvement using collaborative tasks: An exploratory comparison Valerie Freeman1, Julian Chan1, Gina-Anne Levow1, Richard Wright1, Mari Ostendorf2,Victoria Zayats2 1Department of Linguistics 2Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle, WA USA fvalerief,jchan3,levow,rawright,ostendor,[email protected] Abstract us to identify and quantify properties of the speech signal as- sociated with stance-taking, create an acoustic model of stance, The ATAROS project aims to identify acoustic signals of and test theories of stance-taking on natural speech. stance-taking in order to inform the development of automatic stance recognition in natural speech. Due to the typically low In automatic recognition research, stance links most closely frequency of stance-taking in existing corpora that have been to sentiment and subjectivity, expressions of a “private state” used to investigate related phenomena such as subjectivity, we [5], an internal mental or emotional state. Research on sen- are creating an audio corpus of unscripted conversations be- timent and subjectivity analysis has exploded since the publi- tween dyads as they complete collaborative tasks designed to cation of foundational work such as [6, 7]. The majority of elicit a high density of stance-taking at increasing levels of in- this work has focused on textual materials with accompany- volvement. To validate our experimental design and provide a ing annotated corpora, such as those described in [7, 8, 6] and preliminary assessment of the corpus, we examine a fully tran- many others. Such text-based approaches to subjectivity recog- scribed and time-aligned portion to compare the speaking styles nition primarily exploit lexical and syntactic evidence, relying in two tasks, one expected to elicit low involvement and weak on long, well-formed sentences and clauses for identification of stances, the other high involvement and strong stances.
    [Show full text]
  • Mules and Hinnies Factsheet
    FACTSHEET: OWNERS MULES AND HINNIES Mules and hinnies are similar. They are both a cross between a horse and a donkey, with unique characteristics that make them special. Because they are so similar, the terms ‘mule’ and ‘hinny’ are used interchangeably, with hinnies often being referred to as mules. KEY FACTS ABOUT MULES AND HINNIES: Mule: The result of a donkey stallion mating with a female horse. Mules tend to have the head of a donkey and extremities of a horse. Hinny: The result of a horse stallion mating with a female donkey. Hinnies are less common than mules and there might be subtle differences in appearance. Size: Varies greatly depending on the stallion and mare. Ranging from 91-172 cm. Health: Hardy and tough. They often have good immune systems. Strength: Extremely strong. They pull heavy loads and carry much heavier weights than donkeys or horses of a similar size. Behaviour: Intelligent and sensitive. They can have unpredictable reactions. Appearance: Ears smaller than a donkey’s, the same shape as a horse’s. The mane and tail of a hinny is usually similar to a horse. Vocalisation: A mixture of a donkey’s ‘bray’ and a horse’s ‘whinny’. Sex: Male is a ‘horse mule’ (also known as a ‘john’ or ‘jack’). Female is a ‘mare mule’ (also known as a ‘molly’). Young: A ‘colt’ (male) or ‘filly’ (female). What is hybrid vigour? Hybrid = a crossbreed Vigour = hardiness or resilience • ‘Interbreeding’ (crossbreeding) can remove weaker characteristics and instead pass on desirable inherited traits. This is ‘hybrid vigour’, a term often associated with mules and hinnies.
    [Show full text]
  • Wednesday Morning, 30 November 2016 Lehua, 8:00 A.M
    WEDNESDAY MORNING, 30 NOVEMBER 2016 LEHUA, 8:00 A.M. TO 9:05 A.M. Session 3aAAa Architectural Acoustics and Speech Communication: At the Intersection of Speech and Architecture II Kenneth W. Good, Cochair Armstrong, 2500 Columbia Ave., Lancaster, PA 17601 Takashi Yamakawa, Cochair Yamaha Corporation, 10-1 Nakazawa-cho, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 430-8650, Japan Catherine L. Rogers, Cochair Dept. of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, USF, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., PCD1017, Tampa, FL 33620 Chair’s Introduction—8:00 Invited Papers 8:05 3aAAa1. Vocal effort and fatigue in virtual room acoustics. Pasquale Bottalico, Lady C. Cantor Cutiva, and Eric J. Hunter (Commu- nicative Sci. and Disord., Michigan State Univ., 1026 Red Cedar Rd., Lansing, MI 48910, [email protected]) Vocal effort is a physiological entity that accounts for changes in voice production as vocal loading increases, which can be quanti- fied in terms of Sound Pressure Level (SPL). It may have implications on potential vocal fatigue risk factors. This study investigates how vocal effort is affected by room acoustics. The changes in the acoustic conditions were artificially manipulated. Thirty-nine subjects were recorded while reading a text, 15 out of them used a conversational style while 24 were instructed to read as if they were in a class- room full of children. Each subject was asked to read in three different reverberation time RT (0.4 s, 0.8 s, and 1.2 s), in two noise condi- tions (background noise at 25 dBA and Babble noise at 61 dBA), in three different auditory feedback levels (-5 dB, 0 dB, and 5 dB), for a total of 18 tasks per subject presented in a random order.
    [Show full text]
  • Consonantal Variation in Utah English *
    Consonantal Variation in Utah English * Joseph A. Stanley Kyle Vanderniet University of Georgia University of Georgia Abstract In this paper, we analyze the frequency of three consonantal variables in Utah English: the glottal stop in words like mountain, [t]-epenthesis in words with /ls/ clusters like salsa, and word-final velar nasals (NG+). Using Amazon Mechanical Turk to collect audio, we gathered 2,795 tokens of these variables. Though relatively few nonmainstream variants were found in our sample, we find indications of phonetic conditioning and that women and younger speakers used some nonmainstream variants more. Ultimately, further work and a larger dataset is required to more fully describe these variables in Utah English. 1 Introduction Research on and documentation of North American varieties of English is an ongoing effort. The western United States has not been given the same kind of attention as the Eastern part of the country, and only recently has it been the topic of rigorous sociolinguistic study. While the Atlas of North American English (Labov et al. 2006) broadly describes speakers in the western states has having a similar, albeit heterogeneous dialect, more recent and more focused work has uncovered differences between states in the West (Fridland et al. 2016, 2017). In this study we focus on Utah, and because of its heavy Mormon influence in its settlement patterns and present population, we expect to find a combination of linguistic features not found in other states. Like much sociolinguistic work, the research that has been done on Utah English has been primarily focused on vowels, and in particular, vowel mergers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Perdum-Mule, a Mount for Distinguished Persons in Mesopotamia During the fi Rst Half of the Second Millennium BC By
    190 The perdum-mule, a mount for distinguished persons in Mesopotamia during the fi rst half of the second millennium BC by Cécile Michel Fig. 7. Map of the area. [First. Unnumbered note: (*) Bibliography and sigla of Traditionally Mesopotamia defi nes the region bounded the Old Assyrian texts cited in this article are detailed by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, but in a more conven- in C. Michel, Old Assyrian Bibliography, Old Assyrian tional way, it covers the whole area where people used Archives. Studies 1, Leiden, 2003.] cuneiform script on clay tablets, from Iran to Anatolia, from the Zagros mountains to the Persian Gulf. The area Abstract: concerned by this study is limited mainly to Anatolia Among the many equids used at the beginning of the second millen- nium B. C. in Northern Mesopotamia, the perdum, an hybrid, is at- and Syria. tested only in few corpuses: the Old Assyrian merchant archives found Equids in the Ancient Near East are divided into in Central Anatolia in the ancient town Kaniš and dated to the 19th and three different groups: asses (equus asinus), half-asses 18th centuries B. C., the royal archives of Mari, Northern Syria, from (equus hemionus) and horses (equus caballus), and their the 18th century B. C., the tablets from Ugarit, half a millennium later, or even in the Bible. The aim of this article is to analyse the use and hybrids. The studies on this subject are already numer- the value of the perdum, compared to the picture given by the other ous, especially for the written documentation of the third equids documented in texts, iconography and by the archaeozoology.
    [Show full text]
  • Horse + Donkey = Mule by Morris Helmig & Sybil E. Sewell a Mule
    Horse + Donkey = Mule by Morris Helmig & Sybil E. Sewell A mule combines the traits of its horse dam and donkey sire to create a new animal with its own distinctive characteristics. Here are the notable differences between horses, donkeys, and mules. Head—A donkey's head is larger than that of a horse, as is evidenced by its need for a bridle with a larger browband than is required for a horse or pony of comparable size. Donkey owners like to point out that this characteristic indicates a larger brain capacity, and therefore greater intelligence. The head of a mule or hinny is larger than the head of a horse of comparable size. Ears—A donkey's ears are longer than those of the horse and have an excellent blood supply, which is a desert adaptation for cooling the body. A mule's ears are inherited from the donkey, but are not quite as long as the donkey's. A hinny's ears are shorter than those of a donkey, but are much wider. Eyes—A donkey's eyes are larger in proportion to the head than those of a horse. Donkeys and mules have heavier eye sockets set farther out on the side of the head, resulting in a wider field of vision than the horse has. The horse's eye sockets are round, the donkey's are D-shaped. The mule's eye sockets are somewhat D-shaped, as seen in male (horse) mules with heavy brow ridges. Tail—The donkey has a cow-like tail covered by short coarse body hair, except for a tuft at the end.
    [Show full text]
  • Family Skeleton"
    "THE FAMILY SKELETON" .-\ history ,md genalogy of the Flewellen. Fontaine. Copeland. Trt>utlt-11, \lcConnick Allan ancl Stuart families. By Henrietta \lcCormick Hill This Book \Vas Written For .\ly Two Children HEXRIETTA HILL HUBBARD LuTHER LrSTER HILL iii PREFACE This book is to bl· a li\·ing memorial to my \(other, Etta Fo11- taine Copeland \lc:Cormick Dent. \Vheu mv \Iother died i11 HJ,'56 I fou11cl a tin box full of old letters, paper'.~ and clippings, most of which were falling apart. \Iother had a great deal of family pride. The thought occ111-red to me that if my \(other had eared enough for these memeutoes of the past to presen·e them all these years. I would tn· to presern· tlwm for her grandchildren and great grandchildren. and so without predous experience, I bega11 the task of compiling this book. I shall call it "The Famih· Skelato11." which is the structure mi which I shall huilcl the famil;· historv. If the Skelato11 rattles a hit. for­ givl' me; it would be ~-cry duil otherwise . .-\s you will observe. if you read through the mauuscript, then• were no truly great memlwrs of the family. 011e thing is self c,·i­ dent; they wen' people of honor and integrity. \lost of tlwm wen· well educated. all were Christians. The thciught furthn OCl·urn•d to n.•.· that here was a family which was typic;ll of the people who settled America, people who wt•n' fired with tlw desire to seek freedom-freedom of thought. fret'dcm of expressim1. aud freedom of religion-people who were willing to sacrifice all for the right to worship Goel in their chosl'11 way.
    [Show full text]
  • Denver and Area Attractions
    A Welcome Guide to DENVER and Area Attractions Adams Arapahoe ˆcompliments Boulder of N ATIONALBroomfield JEWISH HEALTH Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Denver Douglas Jefferson Adams Arapahoe Boulder Broomfield Welcome to Denver, Colorado National Jewish Health is providing you with this welcome guide to assist with your adjustment to life in Colorado. You may find it helpful to read this guidebook in its entirety or find that only certain sections pertain to your situation. Human Resources is here to assist with your transition to your new life! Our office is located at 1400 Jackson Street, Southside Building, Room G-113, Denver, Colorado 80206. Our offices are open Monday to Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Please call our main number at 303.398.1035 to contact us. We look forward to you joining our National Jewish Health team. Human Resources National Jewish Health The information contained herein is provided as a public service with the understanding that National Jewish Health makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, reliability, or suitability of the information, nor does National Jewish Health warrant that
    [Show full text]
  • The Urban and Architectural History of Denver, Colorado by Caitlin Anne Milligan
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design Theses Fall 12-2015 Gold, Iron, and Stone: The rbU an and Architectural History of Denver, Colorado Caitlin A. Milligan Samfox School of Design and Visual Arts Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/samfox_arch_etds Part of the Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Milligan, Caitlin A., "Gold, Iron, and Stone: The rU ban and Architectural History of Denver, Colorado" (2015). Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design Theses. 2. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/samfox_arch_etds/2 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design Theses by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Architecture and Architectural History Thesis Examination Committee: Dr. Eric Mumford, Chair Dr. Robert Moore Gold, Iron, and Stone The Urban and Architectural History of Denver, Colorado by Caitlin Anne Milligan A thesis presented to the Graduate School of Design & Visual Arts of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Architectural Studies (Concentration: the History
    [Show full text]