DOCSLIB.ORG

Headline Arial Bold

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Headline Arial Bold IFIC survey on global practices related to disposal of faeces and urine Berlin, 1. April 2014 MEIKO-Workshop Walter Popp Around 40 % of world population does not have access to appropriate sanitary facilities. Death of around 1,5 mio children under the age of 5. 15 % of world population still practice open defecation (WHO). Defecation and urination are typical inquiries in any medical assessment – important symptoms. Most of multiresistant gramnegative bacteria are living in our guts. But: Little is known about handling of feces and urine in hospitals world wide. Folie 2 Titel 2 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 1 Method Survey from July 2012 – April 2013. Electronic tool (SurveyMonkey). Manual completion by paper forms distributed by collaborating partner MEIKO – conferences and similar events. 8 languages: Spanish, French, German, English, Japanese, Thai, Chinese, Mongolian. Folie 3 Titel 3 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Results 1,440 answers. 109 answers of them given on paper questionnaires: mostly Thailand, China, India, Mongolia. Answers from 93 countries. Few answers from South America (only Uruguay) and African countries (but South Africa). Folie 4 Titel 4 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 2 Country Total answers Germany 178 Canada 161 Countries with more than United States 141 10 answers France 76 Australia 66 Thailand 55 Mongolia 41 India 40 United Kingdom 34 China 32 South Africa 23 Egypt 22 Netherlands 19 Hong Kong 17 Pakistan 17 Uruguay 17 Indonesia 16 Denmark 16 Saudi Arabia 11 Tunisia 11 Belguim 10 Norway 10 Total 1013 Folie 5 Titel 5 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Country GDP in US$ per Total capita 2012 answers Countries with more than Norway 99557,73 10 Australia 67035,57 66 10 answers and their GDP Denmark 56210,23 16 Canada 52218,99 161 United States 49965,27 141 Netherlands 46054,41 19 Belguim 43412,53 10 Germany 41514,17 178 France 39771,84 76 United Kingdom 38514,46 34 Hong Kong 36795,82 17 Saudi Arabia 20777,67 11 Uruguay 14449,50 17 South Africa 7507,67 23 China 6091,01 32 Thailand 5473,75 55 Tunisia 4236,79 11 Mongolia 3672,97 41 Indonesia 3556,79 16 Egypt 3187,31 22 India 1489,24 40 Pakistan 1290,36 17 Folie 6 Titel 6 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 3 Number of beds Median 350. Range 4 (India) – 8.000 (South Africa). Location 77 % urban hospitals, 23 % rural hospitals. Most of all rural from Mongolia (59 %) and Belgium (44 %). Typical situation of defecation of patients . Open outside 1 % . Some sort of bog outside 1 % . Bog inside or outside 1 % . Toilet with water flushing system inside and/or outside 20 % . Toilet with water flushing system inside only 79 % Rural hospitals may be under-represented Folie 7 Titel 7 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Sinks for hand washing available near by Yes 99 % No 1 % (n=17) Other types of hand hygiene facilities (alcohol based gels or similar) For staff only 21 % For patients only 5 % For both 75 % Regular cleaning of defecation area . With disinfectant 57 % . With cleaning agent 41 % . No regular cleaning 2 % (n=31) Folie 8 Titel 8 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 4 Toilets availability For each room 65 % For whole ward 35 % Toilets for patients and staff Different 96 % Sex specific toilets . For patients 61 % . For staff 57 % Folie 9 Titel 9 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Who is caring if defecation is done in bed . Patient himself 6 % . Relatives or friends or caregivers 24 % . Nurses 76 % . Other hospital staff 41 % If bedpans are used Multiple use 76 % Nearly 100 % Norway, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, France, Hong Kong, Uruguay, Thailand, Tunisia, Mongolia,Indonesia Made from plastics 49 % Made from steel 51 % Single use 24 % Nearly 100 % Australia, UK; above 50 % Canada, US, China Macerator in 38 % (especially Australia, UK) Folie 10 Titel 10 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 5 Bedpan washer . Available in 50 % If bedpan washer available Working with . heat only 32 % . chemical disinfectant and heat 41 % . chemical disinfectant only 30 % Folie 11 Titel 11 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel If bedpans are cleaned manually, it is done . in dirty utility room 61 % . in patient´s bathroom 44 % . other rooms 10 % . Many comments from Belgium, Canada, US that the advice from IPC is to clean and disinfect bedpans after each use, but nurses do it only with water in the bathroom because of workload, sometimes followed by wiping or spraying with disinfectant. Different comments from Canada and US that single use bags/liners are used inside the bedpan which are given to waste. (reason for cleaning in bathroom?) Folie 12 Titel 12 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 6 Without bedpan, defecation in bed is done . without any additional means 9 % . in nappiles 86 % . on special textile 15 % . on paper 4 % Folie 13 Titel 13 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Additional comments In general n=280 Re religious and cultural background n=337 Few sent photos Folie 14 Titel 14 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 7 Different comments that water supply is needed near to toilet because of need to clean themselves and wash hands after defecation and urination, also because of religious reasons (muslims). Below: typical hand shower used when people clean by hand in countries with no toilet paper (Oman, 2013). Folie 15 Titel 15 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Typical ground toilet and water supply in a small hospital (left) and toilet in a big hospital (right) (Damaskus, Syria, 2010) Comments from Germany about intercultural conflicts when Arab patients are defecating by sitting on toilet seats. Cleaning staff may refuse to clean and fecal contamination of shower hoses has been found. Folie 16 Titel 16 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 8 Typical “LOTA” used for cleaning after defecation in case no shower is available (Pakistan, 2013) Folie 17 Titel 17 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel For India, it was commented that “ward boys” are caring for cleanliness on wards, but their education is very bad and cleaning and disposing feces is seen as a dirty job. For Pakistan, it was commented that usually non-muslim staff is responsible for cleaning toilets. This is the reason why cleaning is breaking down during Christmas time. Folie 18 Titel 18 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 9 Toilet in a district hospital (secondary level) (left), with a family doctor (primary level), Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2010 Folie 19 Titel 19 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Folie 20 Titel 20 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 10 Conclusions First description of situation worldwide. Most answers from urban hospitals - situation might be worse in countryside. Big influences of religion and culture. Big difference re bedpan use in similarly developed countries. (eg single use bedpans and maceration in UK and steel bedpans and washer disinfector in Germany) It would make sense to develop recommendations – also with respect to multiresistant bacteria. Folie 21 Titel 21 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel Folie 22 Titel 22 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel 11 Thanks to Michael Borg and Simeone Zarafa (SurveyMonkey) Judith Richards (IFIC and native English) Khand Zorigt (statistics) Folie 23 Titel 23 07.04.2014 | Autor Präsentationstitel MEIKO (support) 12 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The 007Th Minute Ebook Edition
    “What a load of crap. Next time, mate, keep your drug tripping private.” JACQUES A person on Facebook. STEWART “What utter drivel” Another person on Facebook. “I may be in the minority here, but I find these editorial pieces to be completely unreadable garbage.” Guess where that one came from. “No, you’re not. Honestly, I think of this the same Bond thinks of his obituary by M.” Chap above’s made a chum. This might be what Facebook is for. That’s rather lovely. Isn’t the internet super? “I don’t get it either and I don’t have the guts to say it because I fear their rhetoric or they’d might just ignore me. After reading one of these I feel like I’ve walked in on a Specter round table meeting of which I do not belong. I suppose I’m less a Bond fan because I haven’t read all the novels. I just figured these were for the fans who’ve read all the novels including the continuation ones, fan’s of literary Bond instead of the films. They leave me wondering if I can even read or if I even have a grasp of the language itself.” No comment. This ebook is not for sale but only available as a free download at Commanderbond.net. If you downloaded this ebook and want to give something in return, please make a donation to UNICEF, or any other cause of your personal choice. BOOK Trespassers will be masticated. Fnarr. BOOK a commanderbond.net ebook COMMANDERBOND.NET BROUGHT TO YOU BY COMMANDERBOND.NET a commanderbond.net book Jacques I.
    [Show full text]
  • Instructions for Clean Catch Urine Collection for Diagnostic Testing
    INSTRUCTIONS FOR CLEAN CATCH URINE COLLECTION FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTING. IMPORTANT CAUTION: PLEASE READ AND FOLLOW ALL DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE SPECIMEN BE AS CLEAN AS POSSIBLE FOR ACCURATE RESULTS. Male 1. Thoroughly wash and dry hands. 2. Unscrew cap of the urine specimen cup. To avoid contamination, do not touch inside of cup or cap. Place cap on the counter with the inside facing up. 3. Cleanse external areas as follows: Wipe head of penis in a single motion with first towelette. If not circumcised hold foreskin back before cleansing. 4. Hold the sterile cup in one hand. First urinate a small amount into toilet, then catch the rest of the urine directly into the sterile container without stopping the urine stream. (Urinating a small amount into the toilet first flushes out any contaminating organism). 5. Collect specimen until cup is at least half full. 6. Finish voiding in toilet or bedpan. 7. Replace cap on cup and tighten securely. Female 1. Thoroughly wash and dry hands. 2. Unscrew cap of the urine specimen cup. To avoid contamination, do not touch inside of cup or cap. Place cap on the counter with the inside facing up. 3. Cleanse external areas as follows: With one hand spread the labia and keep spread until the specimen is collected. Wipe inner labia folds front to back in a single motion with the first towelette. Repeat with the second towelette. 4. Keep the labia separated and hold the sterile container with the other hand. Urinate a small amount into toilet, then catch the rest of the urine directly into the sterile container without stopping the urine stream.
    [Show full text]
  • Bedpan Management Teleclass Slides, May.12.11
    The Faecal Quandary – Bedpan Management in a Modern Age Gertie van Knippenberg-Gordebeke, Netherlands Sponsored by Meiko (www.meiko.de) The Faecal Quandary Disclaimer/Disclosure The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the author "Bedpan Management in a Modern Age" Consultant current & past for: Diversey the Netherlands, Hakerman Turkey, Medwaste Control the Netherlands Gertie van Knippenberg-Gordebeke, RN, CCIP Meiko Germany, SCA Hygiene Products Sweden, Sigex Brazil Consultant Infection Prevention [email protected] ΄T Like “It‘s what I “I DON to do DO Best” A Tribute to All Nurses in the Bedpans” Sponsored by: world Webber Teleclass& 10 year Anniversary www.meiko.de Hosted by Paul Webber [email protected] 2 www.webbertraining.com April 12, 2011 Florence Nightingale ‘Lady with the lamp’ (12-05-1820 – 03-08-1910) Do No Harm 12 May International Nursing Day Florence Nightingale & Hippocrates 2011 • Founder professional nursing Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) • Advocate improvement of care & hygiene ± 10% in Hospitals (Netherlands 6,2%) • Improvement reduced mortality rate from 42% to 2% • Author books & manuscripts* > 25% on Intensive Care > 25% in Low income countries * Notes on Nursing: What is and what is not * Notes on Hospitals: Sanitary techniques to medical facilities Harm what could be prevented 3 4 Risk Factors HAI • Antimicrobial resistance • Human behaviour • Staff-shortage Breaking the chain with basic precautions Nr.1 • Difference in medical- and nursing care structure • Resource availability
    [Show full text]
  • Management with Continence Products
    CHAPTER 4 Committee 22 Management with Continence Products Chairman A. COTTENDEN (UK) Members D. BLISS (USA), M. FADER (UK), K. GETLIFFE (UK), H. HERRERA (USA) J. PATERSON (AUSTRALIA), G. SZONYI (AUSTRALIA), M. WILDE (USA), 149 CONTENTS A. PATIENT ASSESSMENT AND C. PRODUCTS FOR PRODUCT EVALUATION PREVENTING OR CONTAINING FAECAL INCONTINENCE B. PRODUCTS FOR PREVEN- TING OR CONTAINING URINARY INCONTINENCE D. OTHER CONTINENCE PRODUCT RELATED ISSUES 150 Management with Continence Products A. COTTENDEN D. BLISS, M. FADER, K. GETLIFFE, H. HERRERA, J. PATERSON, G. SZONYI, M. WILDE The product sections are preceded by two others: the A. PATIENT ASSESSMENT AND first provides overall guidelines for product selec- tion, while the second reviews the methodological PRODUCT EVALUATION challenges of conducting continence product evalua- tions and interpreting the results. I. INTRODUCTION II. PATIENT ASSESSMENT AND OVERALL GUIDELINES FOR Not all incontinence can be cured completely and SELECTING CONTINENCE even those who are successfully treated may have to PRODUCTS live with incontinence for a time while, for example, they wait for surgery or for pelvic floor muscle trai- Selecting suitable continence products is critical for ning to yield its benefits. Still others – depending on patient well-being. Ability to contain and conceal their frailty, severity of incontinence and personal incontinence enables individuals to protect their priorities – may not be candidates for treatment or public identity as a continent person and avoid the may choose management over attempted cure. For stigma associated with incontinence. Failure to do so all such people, the challenge is to discover how to can result in limited social and professional opportu- deal with their incontinence so as to minimise its nities, place relationships in jeopardy and detrimen- impact on their quality of life.
    [Show full text]
  • Simulated-Use Testing of Bedpan and Urinal Washer Disinfectors: Evaluation of Clostrium Difficile Spore Survival and Cleaning Efficacy
    Simulated-use testing of bedpan and urinal washer disinfectors: Evaluation of Clostrium difficile spore survival and cleaning efficacy Michelle J. Alfa, PhD, FCCM,a,b,d Nancy Olson, BSc,b and Louise Buelow-Smith, RNc Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Background: Reusable bedpans and urinals are frequently cleaned and decontaminated using washer-disinfectors (WDs) that may be located in the central processing department (CPD) or on the ward. The objective of this study was to determine how efficiently the WDs provided cleaning and to evaluate the ability of such WDs to kill Clostridium difficile spores. Methods: The cleaning efficacy of 2 bedpan/urinal WDs (1 in the ward [ward-WD] and 1 in the CPD [CPD-WD]) were evaluated using simulated-use testing that included an ultraviolet-visible marker (UVM) that is readily removed when exposed to liquid. In addition, a proprietary test object surgical instrument (TOSI) device was used to assess the efficacy of the WDs. Artificial test soil (ATS) and C difficile spore removal and killing also were evaluated. The removal of ;106 C difficile spores and subsequent killing of these spores was assessed using autoclaved stool and/or urine as the soil challenge. Results: Reusable stainless steel bedpans, plastic bedpans, and plastic urinals were assessed. Triplicate testing done on 3 separate days using TOSI devices, UVM, ATS, and stool and urine soils indicated that the ward-WD did not demonstrate adequate cleaning. It was determined that installation errors accounted for the inadequate cleaning. But the ward-WD did not adequately inactivate C difficile spores even when the installation problems were corrected and the manufacturer-adjusted maximal thermal conditions were used.
    [Show full text]
  • Help with Using the Bathroom
    Northern California Hospice Help with Symptoms Help with Using the Bathroom Helping someone use the bathroom is an important responsibility. It can be challenging for both patients and caretakers alike. Whenever possible, help your loved one be as independent as possible for as long as possible. Always ask if they would like your assistance before trying to help. If your loved one can get out of bed Ensure they get to the bathroom safely. Help with buttons, zippers, or removing articles of clothing if necessary. Kaiser Permanente Northern California Hospice kp.org/hospice/ncal Northern California Hospice Help with Symptoms Some patients may need assistance while sitting on the toilet. Wrap your arm under their armpit and around their back to help lower them onto the toilet seat. After using the bathroom, they may need help cleaning themselves. Make sure you have washed your hands before helping. You may also find it helpful to wear a pair of plastic gloves. Start by wiping them with toilet paper, wiping from the front toward the back. Then use a wet wipe to finish cleaning them. Make sure they are clean and dry before putting their clothes back on. If the bathroom is located far away, ask your hospice care team for a commode (a small toilet on wheels that can be rolled near the bedside) or a wheelchair to help bring them to the bathroom. You may also want to place a chair halfway to the bathroom, so the patient can rest as they travel from the bedroom to the bathroom. If your loved one cannot get out of bed or a chair Help them sit up if possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Ch22 Assistingwith Urinary Elimination Test&A
    Chapter 22 - Test Name: Assisting With Urinary Elimination Date: 1. Which piece of equipment will the nursing assistant use to best assist a resident with a badly sprained ankle to urinate? A) A bedside commode B) A commode hat C) A fracture pan D) A bedpan 2. A male patient or resident uses a bedpan for A) urinating. B) bowel movements. C) both bowel movements and urinating. D) urinating when standing isn't possible. 3. Which piece of equipment will the nursing assistant use to help a patient who recently experienced a hip replacement with bowel elimination? A) A bedside commode B) A fracture pan C) A bedpan D) A urinal 4. Why is it most important to honor a person's request for assistance with elimination as quickly as possible? A) Failing to answer the call light promptly increases the person's risk of falling if he or she tries to get out of the bed alone. B) Failing to answer the call light promptly can lead to more work for the nursing assistant if the person soils himself or herself. C) Elimination is a basic physiological need that must be met. D) Many people find elimination to be very embarrassing. 5. Which of the following would the nursing assistant do to ensure privacy when assisting a person who needs assistance with elimination? A) Drawing the privacy curtain when the person is using a bedside commode. B) Draping the person with a bath blanket to expose only the perineum. C) Leaving the patient's room when the person is in the bathroom D) Encouraging the person to lock the bathroom door when toileting.
    [Show full text]
  • Division 10 Catalog Washroom Accessories from Bradley
    NEW High Speed, pg High Efficiency Hand Dryers 16 Division 10 Catalog Washroom Accessories from Bradley One source to perfectly accessorize every application BRADLEYCORP.COM BRADLEY WASHROOM ACCESSORIES WARRANTY Product warranties may be found on bradleycorp.com ACCESSIBILITY GUIDELINES Forward and side approaches for unobstructed reach 48” max height 48” max height (1220 mm) (1220 mm) 35” max (889 mm) 38” to 48” to bottom of reflective surface (995-1219 mm) 40” max (1016 mm) 33” to 36” to ensure forward reach allowed over sinks and counters (838-914 mm) Operable parts must be beneath max height Dimensions change if mounted over counter or lavatory Note: Information from the ADA-ABA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities found on The United States Access Board website: http://www.access-board.gov/ ® BradEX SHIPPING PROGRAM BX icon next to a model number indicates a BradEX ® item. All products designated as BradEX products will ship three business days after the date the order has been entered and acknowledged by the Bradley Corporation. Standard shipping terms apply. Please note: The entire order must consist of BradEX products to qualify for three business day shipping. Need it faster? One day shipping is available with the Rush Express (BX-RX) shipment option. Maximum quantities apply, please contact your local Bradley representative for further information. CONTENTS COMMERCIAL RESTROOM SPECIALTY APPLICATIONS 3 Aerix® Hand Dryers 57 Shower Products 57 Shower Seats 4 Grab Bars 61 Shower Curtains 5 Grab Bars 61 Shower Hooks
    [Show full text]
  • Preventing Pressure Ulcers (Bedsores)
    Preventing Pressure Ulcers (Bedsores) A pressure ulcer, or bedsore, is a serious problem in How can I prevent pressure ulcers? the hospital and at home. Pressure ulcers can slow your recovery, causing pain, infections and other • Limit pressure. problems. – If you are in bed, change your position at least every one to two hours. What is a pressure ulcer? – If you are in a chair and can shift your own weight, do so every 15 minutes. If you cannot A pressure ulcer is an injury to the skin and the shift your own weight, your caregiver should tissue beneath it. It is caused by pressure on the change your position at least every hour. skin. • Reduce friction. Pressure ulcers tend to occur over bony body parts – When moving in bed, don’t pull or drag (elbow, heel, hip, etc.) that you sit or lie on for yourself across the sheets. Also, don’t push or long periods of time. e pressure squeezes tiny pull with your heels. blood vessels that supply the skin with nutrients – Avoid repetitive movements. For example, and oxygen. When skin goes without nutrients and don’t scratch your foot by rubbing it on the oxygen for too long, a pressure ulcer forms. e area sheets. turns red at fi rst. Unless treated quickly (changing your position, for example), the pressure can • Use padding carefully. damage the skin and muscles. – Avoid doughnut-shaped cushions. ese can hurt the tissues under your skin. Pressure ulcers are more likely to develop or worsen – Avoid using several layers (such as underpads, if you: diapers and sheets) between you and your • slide down in a bed or chair.
    [Show full text]
  • Skills Checklist: Assisting W Use of a Bed Pan
    Skills Checklist: Assisting w Use of a Bed Pan Assisting a resident with use of a bedpan Procedure Steps yes no 1. Identifies self by name. Identifies resident. Greets resident by name. 2. Washes hands. 3. Explains procedure to resident. Speaks clearly, slowly, and directly. Maintains face-to-face contact whenever possible. 4. Provides for resident’s privacy with a curtain, screen, or door. 5. Adjusts bed to safe level, usually waist high. Before placing bedpan, lowers head of bed. Locks bed wheels. 6. Puts on gloves. 7. Covers resident with a bath blanket. Asks him to hold it while pulling down the top covers underneath. Does not expose more of resident than is needed. 8. Places bed protector under resident’s buttocks and hips. 9. Asks resident to remove undergarments or helps him do so. 10. Places bedpan near his hips in correct position. Standard bedpan should be positioned with the wider end aligned with resident’s buttocks. Fracture pan should be positioned with handle toward foot of bed. 11. If resident is able, asks him to raise hips by pushing with feet and hands on the count of three. Slides bedpan under his hips. If a resident cannot help in any way, keeps bed flat and rolls resident away from self. Slips bedpan under the hips and rolls him back onto bedpan. Keeps bedpan centered underneath. 12. Removes and discards gloves. Washes hands. 13. Raises head of the bed until resident is in a sitting position. Props resident into a semi-sitting position using pillows. 14. Places toilet paper and wipes within resident’s reach.
    [Show full text]
  • Quorn Hash House Harriers All Time Run Log (Runs 1 - 1000)
    Quorn Hash House Harriers all time run log (Runs 1 - 1000). Updated by Chris 'Durex' Johnson on 15/11/2019 Run Date Day Pub Location Post Code Hare 1 Hare 2 Pack Notes Google Map 1 29/Mar/87 Sunday Free Trade Sileby LE12 7RW Mango 21 Pack from Sherwood H3 & Virgins. John named Habitat http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE12+7RW 2 12/Apr/87 Sunday Hunting Lodge Barrow upon Soar LE12 8LZ Mango Sally Suffolk 12 A Virgin called Peter turned up and named Wallington http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE12+8LZ SH3 provided QH3 with its bedpan 3 26/Apr/87 Sunday Royal Oak Cossington LE7 4UW Mango Kelly 32 Rod Barkby named Puddles, Sue Hibbert named Zupada http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE7+4UW 4 10/May/87 Sunday White Horse Inn Seagrave LE12 7LT Mango 13 Barbara named Shit Face http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE12+7LT 5 31/May/87 Sunday Kings Arms Coleorton LE67 8GD Puddles 31 Brad named Dickless, Pauline named Knicker, http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE67+8GD Ray Sherlock named Persil. 6 28/Jun/87 Sunday Beacon Hill's Car Park Woodhouse Eaves LE12 8TA Crafty Mango 25 Gary Statton named Lumbago, Karen Statton named Whittle. The "Q"s http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE12+8TA Barbie 7 26/Jul/87 Sunday Swithland Woods Car Park Swithland LE12 8TN Zupada Dickless 12 http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE12+8TN 8 23/Aug/87 Sunday The Woodmans Stroke Rothley LE7 7PD Wallington Zupada Jim Ledger named Winger http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE7+7PD 9 Sunday Anchor Inn Walton on the Wolds LE12 8HT Mango Crafty Kevin named Motor Mouth, Luke named Crazy Horse http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE12+8HT 10 25/Oct/87 Sunday Manor House Quorn LE12 8AL Mango Crafty Visitors from Essex, London, Wessex & Cambridge http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE12+8AL 11 22/Nov/87 Sunday King William IV Thurcaston LE7 7JP Hard-on Gazunda http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE7+7JP 12 01/Jan/88 Sunday Priory Nanpantan LE11 3YD Psychedic Motormouth Start in Outwoods Car Park http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=LE11+3YD 13 28/Feb/88 Sunday Greek Plough East Goscote LE7 3ZL Crofty Mark Elling named Ellymay.
    [Show full text]
  • Toileting Aids in Hospitals: Reuse Or Dispose?
    INFECTION CONTROL Emma Sheldon – Vernacare Toileting aids in hospitals: reuse or dispose? This article looks at the evidence to support the use of single-use bedpans, in preference to reusable devices, in hospitals as part of a drive to reduce rates of HCAI. The management of human waste is recognised as a high risk for transmission of infections. Faeces contains most groups of human pathogens, such as Clostridium difficile (C. difficile), Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), multi drug-resistant Gram-negatives (MDR Gram-negatives), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and norovirus, which are significant to and commonly encountered in healthcare environments. In healthcare settings, C. difficile is usually spread via the hands of staff and those who come into contact with infected patients or with environmental surfaces like floors, reusable bedpans and toilets that have been contaminated with the bacteria or its spores. The bacteria and spores are extremely hardy and some pathogens can survive on dry surfaces such as clothes and environmental Single-use bedpan sluice room equipment. surfaces for months.1 gastrointestinal infections, and 13% suffered Current solutions Extent of global cross-infection risk from urinary tract infections. About 10% There are a number of chemical, physical and In a 2011 survey undertaken by the US hospital patients with HCAIs died during mechanical toileting aids and human waste Centers for Disease Control and Prevention their hospitalisation.2 disposal solutions in healthcare environments (CDC), it was found that on any given day, Despite evidence linking transmission of for immobile patients. These include: about one-in-25 hospital patients has at least multi-drug resistant pathogens in hospital • Reusable plastic/metal bedpans and one healthcare-associated infection (HCAI).
    [Show full text]