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Department of the Interior Vol. 78 Tuesday, No. 122 June 25, 2013 Part III Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Listing One Distinct Population Segment of Broad-Snouted Caiman as Endangered and a Second as Threatened With a Special Rule; Final Rule VerDate Mar<15>2010 18:48 Jun 24, 2013 Jkt 229001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\25JNR2.SGM 25JNR2 mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with RULES2 38162 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 122 / Tuesday, June 25, 2013 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foreign Species, Endangered Species Our Response: The Service has Program; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; reviewed the referenced material, and Fish and Wildlife Service 4401 North Fairfax Drive, Room 420; we have incorporated this change. Arlington, VA 22203, U.S.A. telephone (2) Comment: One peer reviewer 50 CFR Part 17 703–358–2171; facsimile 703–358–1735. corrected our statement that ‘‘Recent observations and field surveys indicate [Docket No. FWS–R9–ES–2010–0089; Individuals who are hearing-impaired or 4500030115; 1113F116] speech-impaired may call the Federal that broad-snouted caiman is fairly Information Relay Service at 800–877– common in northern Uruguay, and is RIN 1018–AT56 8339 for TTY assistance 24 hours a day, also widely distributed in central and 7 days a week. western Uruguay.’’ The reviewer stated Endangered and Threatened Wildlife that ‘‘It should read: ‘is also widely and Plants; Listing One Distinct SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: distributed in central and eastern Population Segment of Broad-Snouted Peer Review Uruguay.’ ’’ Caiman as Endangered and a Second Our Response: We have revised the as Threatened With a Special Rule In accordance with our joint peer statement to incorporate this change. AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, review policy with the National Marine (3) Comment: One peer reviewer Interior. Fisheries Service, ‘‘Notice of stated that Uruguay had local Interagency Cooperative Policy for Peer regulations prohibiting the poaching of ACTION: Final rule. Review in Endangered Species Act the species and that local take was SUMMARY: Under the Endangered Activities,’’ published in the Federal insignificant and referenced Bortiero et Species Act of 1973, as amended (ESA), Register on July 1, 1994 (59 FR 34270), al. 2006. we, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Office of Management and Our Response: The Service has (Service), reclassify the broad-snouted Budget’s Final Information Quality reviewed the referenced material, and caiman in Argentina from endangered to Bulletin for Peer Review, dated we have incorporated this into our final threatened in the List of Endangered December 16, 2004, we sought the rule. and Threatened Wildlife. As part of this expert opinions of three appropriate Previous Federal Actions independent specialists regarding the final rule, we have established two We listed this species as endangered distinct population segments (DPSs) of science in our January 5, 2012, proposed rule (77 FR 666). The purpose of peer on June 14, 1976 (41 FR 24062), in the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman response to a petition we received in latirostris): A DPS in Argentina and a review is to ensure that listing, downlisting, and delisting decisions are 1975 from the Fund for Animals, DPS encompassing Bolivia, Brazil, requesting that the Service list all Paraguay, and Uruguay. This second based on scientifically sound data, assumptions, and analyses. We invited species that were included in Appendix DPS remains listed as endangered under I of CITES as endangered under the ESA the ESA. We are finalizing this action these peer reviewers to comment during the public comment period, on the (see additional discussion in CITES under the ESA based on the best section.). In 2007, we received a petition available data indicating that the specific assumptions and conclusions in the proposed downlisting of the from the Government of Argentina, Argentine population of the broad- dated November 5, 2007, requesting that snouted caiman no longer meets the Argentine population (DPS) of the broad-snouted caiman. We provide a we reclassify the broad-snouted caiman definition of endangered under the ESA. in Argentina from endangered to Intense management of the species in summary of the opinions of these reviewers below, and we considered threatened. The Argentine population of Argentina has brought the Argentine broad-snouted caiman has been listed DPS to the point where a change in their input and any additional information we received as part of this on Appendix II of CITES since 1997. status is appropriate. The broad-snouted caiman is still listed As of the effective date of this final final determination. in Appendix I of CITES in Bolivia, rule, the broad-snouted caiman will be Summary of Comments and Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. With included in the special rule for trade in Recommendations this petition, the Government of caiman species. Inclusion in this special Argentina requested reclassification of rule allows U.S. commerce in skins, We reviewed all comments we the species from endangered to other parts, and products of this species received from the public and peer threatened in that country only. The originating from Argentina, and reexport reviewers for substantive issues and petition contained detailed information of such specimens originating in new information regarding the proposed about the natural history and biology of Argentina, if certain conditions are met delisting of this species, and we address the broad-snouted caiman including the prior to exportation to the United States. those comments below. Overall, the species’ current status and distribution DATES: This final rule is effective July commenters and peer reviewers in Argentina. The Government of 25, 2013. supported the proposed reclassification Argentina cited reasons for the ADDRESSES: This final rule is available of the Argentina DPS of the broad- reclassification, such as the broad- on the Internet at http:// snouted caiman from endangered to snouted caiman populations in www.regulations.gov, and comments threatened. Argentina are healthy, habitat remains and materials received, as well as (1) Comment: One peer reviewer plentiful, caiman ranching programs in supporting documentation used in the disagreed with our statement that an Argentina have proven successful (wild preparation of this rule, will be adult caiman’s primary food is fish. The populations are increasing), and broad- available for public inspection, by reviewer stated that ‘‘although there is snouted caiman production and harvest appointment, during normal business ontogenetic variation, all sizes of broad- is increasing in Argentina. hours at: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, snouted caiman are generalistic feeders Because the petition from the 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, Suite 400, (Borteiro et al. 2009). This characteristic Government of Argentina was for Arlington, VA 22203. contributes to the species being a reclassification of the Argentine FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: successful colonizer of a wide variety of population only, the Service had to first Janine Van Norman, Chief, Branch of habitats.’’ consider whether the population of VerDate Mar<15>2010 18:48 Jun 24, 2013 Jkt 229001 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\25JNR2.SGM 25JNR2 mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with RULES2 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 122 / Tuesday, June 25, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 38163 Argentina qualified as a distinct add those species to the Federal Lists of classification of a listed species is vertebrate population segment (DPS) Endangered and Threatened Wildlife appropriate. Section 4(c)(2)(B) requires under the ESA. (see discussion in and Plants (50 CFR 17.11 and 17.12, that we determine: (1) Whether a Distinct Population Segment section). respectively), and to plan and species no longer meets the definition of We then evaluated the entire species to implement conservation measures to endangered or threatened and should be determine if a change in status under improve their status to the point at removed from the List (delisted); (2) the ESA is warranted based on any new which they no longer need the whether a species more properly meets information since the species was listed protections of the ESA. When that the definition of threatened and should under the ESA. The DPS policy requires protection is no longer needed, we take be reclassified from endangered to the Service to determine whether or not steps to remove (delist) the species from threatened; or (3) whether a species a vertebrate population is discrete and the ESA. If a species is listed as more properly meets the definition of significant and to determine the endangered, we may first reclassify it to endangered and should be reclassified population segment’s conservation threatened status as an intermediate from threatened to endangered. It is status in relation to the ESA’s standards step before its eventual removal from based on the best scientific and for listing, delisting, or reclassification the Federal Lists of Endangered and commercial data available at the time of (i.e., is the population segment Threatened Wildlife and Plants; the review. Our completion of the status endangered or threatened). If it however, reclassification to threatened review in making our 12-month finding qualifies, the policy requires a status status is not required prior to removal. that the petitioned action to reclassify determination to determine if the Section 3 of the ESA provides the the Argentina DPS of the broad-snouted population is endangered or threatened. following definitions that are relevant to caiman from endangered to threatened On June 16, 2008, the Service this rule: Endangered species means any was warranted (See 77 FR 666, the published in the Federal Register a 90- species which is in danger of extinction January 5, 2012 Federal Register notice day finding (73 FR 33968) on the throughout all or a significant portion of of proposed rulemaking) constituted our petition, stating that the petition its range; Threatened species means any 5-year review of this species.
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