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Draft Report1082 Post-Excavation The Archaeology of Brigg’s Farm, Prior’s Fen, Thorney, Peterborough Post-Excavation Assessment Assessmen March 2009 Client: P.J.Thory Ltd OA East Report No: 1082 OASIS No: oxfordar3-56412 NGR: TL 2505 0070 t The Archaeology of Brigg's Farm, Prior's Fen, Thorney, Peterborough Post-excavation Assessment and Updated Project Design By Alexandra Pickstone BA AIfA & Richard Mortimer MIfA With contributions by Michael Bamforth MA AIfA, Barry Bishop MA, Natasha Dodwell MA, Chris Faine MA MSc, Elizabeth Huckerby BA, Rachel Fosberry HNC (Cert Ed), Mark Knight BA, Dr. Rob Law, Peter Masters BA and Dr. Elaine Morris Editor: Richard Mortimer MIfA Illustrator: Louise Bush MA PIfA Report Date: March 2009 © Oxford Archaeology East Page 1 of 114 Report Number 1082 Table of Contents Summary.........................................................................................................................................7 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................8 1.1Project Background........................................................................................................8 1.2Geology and Topography ..............................................................................................8 1.3Archaeological and Historical Background....................................................................8 1.4Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................11 2 Summary of Results ...............................................................................................................12 2.1Monuments and Scattered Occupation (Neolithic to Early Bronze Age).....................12 2.2Field Systems (Figs.5 & 7)...........................................................................................14 2.3Water Holes (Fig. 6)......................................................................................................17 2.4Settlement (Fig. 7)........................................................................................................17 2.5Peat Development........................................................................................................21 2.6Post-Medieval Agricultural Features (Fig. 8)................................................................21 3 Factual Data and Assessment of Archaeological Potential ..............................................23 3.1Stratigraphic and Structural Data ................................................................................23 3.2Artefact Summaries .....................................................................................................25 3.3Animal and Human Bone Summaries..........................................................................27 3.4Environmental Summaries ..........................................................................................28 4 Research Aims and Objectives.............................................................................................29 4.1National Research Objectives......................................................................................29 4.2Regional Research Objectives.....................................................................................30 4.3Local Research Objectives...........................................................................................30 4.4Site Specific Research Objectives...............................................................................31 5 Methods Statements................................................................................................................32 5.1Stratigraphic Analysis...................................................................................................32 5.2Illustration......................................................................................................................32 5.3Documentary Research................................................................................................32 5.4Artefactual Analysis .....................................................................................................32 5.5Ecofactual Analysis ......................................................................................................32 © Oxford Archaeology East Page 3 of 114 Report Number 1082 5.6C14 dating.....................................................................................................................32 6 Report Writing, Archiving and Publication ..........................................................................37 6.1Report Writing...............................................................................................................37 6.2Archiving.......................................................................................................................37 6.3Publication....................................................................................................................37 7 Resources and Programming................................................................................................38 7.1 Staffing and Equipment.............................................................................................38 7.1 Task Identification......................................................................................................38 Appendix A. Finds Reports........................................................................................................40 A.1 Pottery........................................................................................................................40 A.2 Assessment report on the Collared Urn from Cremation Burial 3301.......................50 A.3 Lithics.........................................................................................................................52 A.4 Assessment of Fired Clay Material............................................................................65 A.5 Worked Animal Bone..................................................................................................70 A.6 Wood..........................................................................................................................71 A.7 Assessment of the Human Bone................................................................................82 A.8 Animal Bone...............................................................................................................85 Appendix B. Environmental Reports........................................................................................87 B.1 Initial Environmental Assessment..............................................................................87 B.2 Methodology for Pollen Analysis and Environmental Assessment.........................103 Appendix C. Geophysical Survey...........................................................................................106 Appendix D. Bibliography .......................................................................................................109 Appendix E. OASIS Report Form ...........................................................................................113 © Oxford Archaeology East Page 4 of 114 Report Number 1082 List of Figures Fig. 1 Site Location Map Fig. 2 Location of Key Sites in the Brigg's Farm Area Fig. 3 Topographic Map Fig. 4 Plan of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Pits, Cremations and Barrow Fig. 5 Plan of Field System and Enclosure Ditches Fig. 6 Plan of Water Holes Fig. 7 Plan of Settlement Area Fig. 8 Plan of Post-Medieval Claying Ditches Fig. 9a Sections Fig. 9b Sections Fig. 10 Gradiometer Survey – Grey Scale and Trace Plots of Raw and Enhanced Data, Scale 1:1000 (Peter Masters, CAFA, 2008) Fig. 11 Interpretation of Geophysics Results with Excavation Plan, Scale 1:1000 (Peter Masters, CAFA, 2008) List of Plates Plate 1 Cremation 2710 Plate 2 Cremation 3301 Plate 3 Barrow Plate 4 Ditch 510 with Structures 1 and 2 Plate 5 Structure 4 Plate 6 Roundhouse 2 List of Tables Table 1 Enclosure Dimensions Table 2 Water Holes Table 3 Group 2310 Dimensions Table 4 Quantification of Written Archive Table 5 Quantification of Finds by Feature Type Table 6 Quantification of Samples by Feature Type Table 7 Number of Features by Feature Type Table 8 Samples Selected for Possible C14 Dating Table 9 Project Team Table 10 Task List Table 11 Assemblage Breakdown © Oxford Archaeology East Page 5 of 114 Report Number 1082 Table 12 Pottery Catalogue Table 13 Flint Catalogue Table 14 Fired Clay Catalogue Table 15 Frequency of Wood Categories Table 16 Condition Scale Table 17 Artefact Catalogue Table 18 Timber Catalogue Table 19 Bark Catalogue Table 20 Roundwood Catalogue Table 21 Debris Catalogue Table 22 Burial Catalogue Table 23 Number of Countable Bones (NSIP) Table 24 Number of Ageable Mandibles Table 25 Number of Measurable Elements Table 26 Number of Samples Table 27 Number of Monolith Samples Table 28 Samples Containing Glume Bases Table 29 Samples Containing Flax Table 30 Samples Containing Charred Tubers Table 31 Samples Containing Waterlogged Seeds Table 32 Samples Containing Charcoal Table 33 Samples Containing Animal Bone Table 34 Samples Containing Pottery Table 35 Samples Containing Fired Clay Table 36 Samples Selected for Further Processing and Assessment List of Charts Chart 1 Percentage Breakdown of Main Assemblage Components Chart 2 Mean Sherd Weights between Principle Types © Oxford Archaeology East Page 6
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